Seed sowing and harvesting machine

Abstract

To provide a sowing and harvesting simultaneous work machine which harvests and sows rice simultaneously, downsizes the whole work machine, and is capable of preventing sowing unevenness.SOLUTION: A sowing and harvesting simultaneous work machine 10 includes: a harvesting part 20 of a combine 11 harvesting rice; and a sowing device 30 which sows rice while harvesting rice with the harvesting part 20. The sowing device 30 is provided with: a hopper part 31 which is provided above the harvesting part 20, stores seeds and puts them out; a seed supply pipe 36 which is connected to the hopper part 31 and supplies the seeds; a grooving and sowing part 41 which is provided for a lower part of the harvesting part 20, grooves the ground, and sows the seeds from the seed supply pipe 36 in the grooves; and a positioning part 17 positioning the grooving and sowing part 41.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a seeding and harvesting simultaneous working machine including a harvesting part for harvesting rice and a seeding device for seeding simultaneously with the harvesting of rice by the harvesting part. 【Background Art】 【0002】 In the main rice-producing areas of Japan, as the aging of the labor force progresses, direct seeding cultivation has attracted attention as a low-cost and large-scale technology. However, in the main rice-producing areas, spring work cannot be carried out until the snow melts, and there are many areas with limited growing periods. Therefore, with the current technology, production is unstable and the spread of direct seeding cultivation has not advanced sufficiently. As a technology to solve such problems, "early winter direct seeding cultivation" has been developed. "Early winter direct seeding cultivation" is a technology for sowing rice in late autumn before snowfall mainly to expand the seeding season in northern Japan. 【0003】 By the way, "early winter direct seeding cultivation" is a technology for sowing rice in early winter instead of spring, but even if sown in autumn, which is an earlier time than early winter, rice can be harvested the following year. Therefore, if seeding is carried out simultaneously with harvesting, the process of seeding can be labor-saving compared to the operation of only performing seeding separately after harvesting. As technologies for performing harvesting and seeding simultaneously, the technologies disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 are known. 【0004】 In the seeding and harvesting simultaneous working machine of Patent Document 1, a divider attachment part is provided at the tip of the combine, and a vertical movement following device is provided so as to protrude forward of this divider attachment part, and the seeding device is provided via this vertical movement following device. In the seeding and harvesting simultaneous working machine of Patent Document 2, an arm that protrudes forward is provided at the tip of the combine main body, a support frame that protrudes forward is provided on this arm via a shaft, and a seeding machine is provided at the tip of this support frame. 【0005】 In the combined seeding and harvesting machine described in Patent Document 3, the seeding machine is mounted on a mounting rod at the front of the combine harvester, and the seeding machine is mounted so as to protrude forward from this mounting rod. In the combined seeding and harvesting machine described in Patent Document 4, a seed tank is mounted so as to protrude from the side of the combine harvester's body, and a seed transport duct is provided in this seed tank so as to extend in the width direction of the vehicle and is located in the middle of the vehicle in the front-rear direction, and multiple seed quantitative feeders are provided in this seed transport duct at intervals. 【0006】 However, in the seed-sowing and harvesting simultaneous work machines described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the seeding device is located at a distance from the combine harvester body, protruding forward, which makes the entire machine larger. Similarly, in the technology described in Patent Document 4, the seed tank is located at a position protruding from the side of the combine harvester body, which also makes the entire machine larger. 【0007】 Furthermore, during rice harvesting, when harvesting rectangular fields or corners of irregularly shaped fields, the harvesting path moves back and forth in small increments, making it easy for seeds to be sown in areas that have not been harvested. For this reason, if the seeding device is positioned far from the combine's cutting blades (harvesting section), even if the combine's harvesting path is optimized, the harvesting path and the seeding path may become misaligned, resulting in overlapping seeds (uneven seed distribution). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents] 【0008】 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 153713 / 1983 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-140225 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 64-6833 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-16314 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve] 【0009】 In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine that sows seeds at the same time as harvesting rice, while also miniaturizing the overall machine and preventing uneven seeding. [Means for solving the problem] 【0010】 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a simultaneous harvesting and sowing machine comprises a harvesting unit of a combine harvester for harvesting rice, and a sowing device for sowing rice simultaneously with the harvesting unit, The sowing device comprises a hopper section located above the harvesting section for storing and dispensing seeds, a seed supply pipe connected to the hopper section for supplying seeds, a furrow-making and sowing section located below the harvesting section for creating furrows in the ground and sowing seeds from the seed supply pipe into the furrows, and a positioning unit that measures the position and direction using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to measure the position of the furrow-making and sowing section. A divider holding frame extending forward is provided at the lower part of the harvesting section, and the furrowing and sowing section is provided on the divider holding frame. It is characterized by having this feature. 【0011】 According to this configuration, the simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine comprises a harvesting unit of a combine harvester for harvesting rice, and a seeding device that sows seeds simultaneously with the harvesting of rice by the harvesting unit. The seeding device comprises a hopper unit, a seed supply pipe, a furrowing and seeding unit that creates furrows in the ground and sows seeds in the furrows, and a positioning unit that measures the position of the furrowing and seeding unit. By placing the hopper unit above the harvesting unit and the furrowing and seeding unit below the harvesting unit, the seeding device does not protrude from the main body of the combine harvester in a plan view, and the machine can be made smaller. 【0012】 Here, while there are general GNSS-equipped seeders, such as GNSS vehicle speed-linked seeders and tillage / ridging seeders, which are seeders mounted on GNSS-equipped tractors for simple simultaneous operations, for example, in small paddy fields where harvesting requires repeated turning, the harvesting process and work trajectory become complex, making it difficult to sow uniform seeds if a conventional seeder is attached to the harvester. In this regard, the embodiment of the present invention employs a system that sows seeds in conjunction with the position information and vehicle speed detected by GNSS at the same time as harvesting crops. By providing a positioning unit at the location that measures the position of the furrowing seeding section of the seeding and harvesting machine, and linking the timing of sowing by the seeding device to the GNSS vehicle speed, it is possible to understand the sown position and make the sowing operation more efficient, saving seeds by eliminating waste such as overlapping sowing. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce overlapping and uneven sowing, regulate growth, and stabilize the yield. As a result, it is possible to provide a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine that sows seeds at the same time as harvesting rice, while also miniaturizing the overall size of the machine and preventing overlapping sowing and uneven seed distribution. 【0013】 Preferably, the hopper section, seed supply pipe, furrow-making and seeding section, and positioning section of the seeding device are detachably mounted on the combine harvester. The system also includes a controller that calculates positional information received by a GNSS antenna. The controller calculates the combine harvester's speed and seeding position based on the positional information and transmits control signals to the work unit. Preferably, the system optimizes the work trajectory of the harvesting unit and the work trajectory of the seeding device based on the GNSS positional information. Furthermore, the system is equipped with a device capable of communicating with a cloud server. 【0014】 With this configuration, by attaching a hopper section, seed supply pipe, furrowing and sowing section, and positioning section to an existing combine harvester, its versatility is improved, and the existing combine harvester can be made into a simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine that is smaller as a whole and can prevent overlapping sowing and uneven sowing of seeds. 【0015】 Preferably, the combine includes a divider provided below the harvesting unit for separating the rice and a triggering unit for triggering the rice. The furrow seeding unit is disposed between the divider and the triggering unit. 【0016】 According to such a configuration, since the furrow seeding unit is disposed between the divider and the triggering unit, the length of the front and rear of the seeding and harvesting combined working machine can be suppressed and the machine can be miniaturized. Further, since the harvesting unit and the furrow seeding unit are close to each other, the path for harvesting the rice and the path for seeding can be made almost the same, and duplication of seeding and uneven sowing of seeds can be prevented. 【0018】 According to such a configuration, since the furrow seeding unit is provided on the divider holding frame, the harvesting unit for harvesting the rice and the furrow seeding unit can be lifted and lowered integrally. 【0019】 Preferably, the harvesting unit includes a cutting blade unit for cutting the rice. The furrow seeding unit is disposed at a position that does not overlap the cutting blade unit in the vehicle width direction. 【0020】 According to such a configuration, since the furrow seeding unit is disposed at a position that does not overlap the cutting blade unit in the vehicle width direction, even when a seeding device is retrofitted to an existing combine, the cutting operation can be carried out without any trouble. 【0021】 Preferably, the furrow seeding unit includes a soil scraping device for scraping soil onto the furrow in which the seeds are sown. 【0022】 [[ID=2·8]]According to such a configuration, since the furrow seeding unit includes a soil scraping device for scraping soil onto the furrow in which the seeds are sown, the seeds can be efficiently sown by covering the seeds with soil. 【0023】 Preferably, the furrowing and seeding unit is arranged in a V-shape in plan view such that the front side of the vehicle is closed and the rear side of the vehicle opens as it goes to the rear side of the vehicle, and includes two furrowing disks that form the furrows, and a disk depth automatic adjustment unit that holds the furrowing disks and presses the furrowing disks against the ground by the biasing force of a spring to automatically adjust the depth of the furrowing disks with respect to the ground. 【0024】 According to such a configuration, the furrowing and seeding unit holds the furrowing disks by the disk depth automatic adjustment unit and presses the furrowing disks against the ground by the biasing force of a spring to automatically adjust the depth of the furrowing disks with respect to the ground. Therefore, the depth of the furrows formed by the furrowing and seeding unit on the ground can always be optimized, and the seeding efficiency can be improved. 【0025】 Preferably, the seed supply pipe and the furrowing and seeding unit of the seeding device are provided so that they can be attached singly or in plurality. 【0026】 According to such a configuration, since the seed supply pipe and the furrowing and seeding unit of the seeding device are provided so that they can be attached singly or in plurality, they can be attached to combines with various numbers of rows, such as one-row mowing and one-row seeding, three-row mowing and three-row seeding, four-row mowing and four-row seeding, five-row mowing and five-row seeding, six-row mowing and six-row seeding, etc. 【Advantages of the Invention】 【0027】 There is provided a seeding and harvesting simultaneous working machine that sows simultaneously with the harvesting of rice, and that can achieve miniaturization of the entire working machine and prevent uneven seeding of seeds. 【Brief Description of the Drawings】 【0028】 [Figure 1] It is a perspective view of a seeding and harvesting simultaneous working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2(A) is a front view of the seeding and harvesting simultaneous working machine with a divider attached. FIG. 2(B) is a front view of the seeding and harvesting simultaneous working machine with the divider removed. [Figure 3]This is a flowchart illustrating the internal processing of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a perspective view from the right side of a furrowing and seeding section according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a left-side perspective view of a furrowing and seeding section according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] Figure 6(A) is a plan view of the furrowing and seeding section. Figure 6(B) is a perspective view of the main part of the furrowing and seeding section. [Figure 7] A side view of a furrowing and seeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] Figure 8(A) is an explanatory diagram of the raised state of the furrowing and seeding unit. Figure 8(B) is a diagram of the operation of the furrowing and seeding unit in a side view. Figure 8(C) is a diagram of the operation of the furrowing and seeding unit in a top view. [Figure 9] Figure 9(A) is a diagram showing the operation of a simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to an embodiment. Figure 9(B) is a diagram showing the operation of a simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to a comparative example. [Figure 10] This is an explanatory diagram of an automatic disc depth adjustment unit as a furrowing and seeding unit according to a different embodiment. [Figure 11] Figure 11(A) illustrates a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine for 4-row harvesting and 4-row planting. Figure 11(B) illustrates a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine for 5-row harvesting and 5-row planting. Figure 11(C) illustrates a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine for 6-row harvesting and 6-row planting. [Figure 12] Figure 12(A) is a diagram illustrating the operation of the simultaneous sowing and harvesting operation using the simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to the example. Figure 12(B) is a diagram illustrating the good germination state according to the example. Figure 12(C) is a diagram illustrating the healthy growth state according to the example. [Figure 13] Figure 13(A) is a diagram illustrating the grain yield for the comparative example. Figure 13(B) is a diagram illustrating the grain yield for the example. [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0029】 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. The drawings conceptually (schematically) illustrate a simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine. [Examples] 【0030】 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine 10 comprises a harvesting unit 20 for harvesting rice and a seeding device 30 for sowing seeds simultaneously with the harvesting of rice by the harvesting unit 20. The seeding device 30 sows seeds in the ground 90 between the rice plants to be harvested. The simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine 10 is a combine harvester 11 equipped with the seeding device 30, and comprises a track roller 12 including a drive sprocket, a crawler 13 provided on the track roller 12, a driver's seat 14 provided on the upper front side of the main body, a threshing device 15 provided on the rear side of the main body, and a discharge auger 16 provided on the threshing device 15 for discharging the threshed rice. 【0031】 Next, I will explain the harvesting section 20. The harvesting unit 20 includes a cutting blade unit 21 located at the bottom of the harvesting unit 20 for cutting rice, a lifting unit 22 for lifting the rice, a lifting projection 23 for carrying the cut rice into the main body, and a divider 24 located at the bottom of the harvesting unit 20 for separating the rice. 【0032】 Next, the seeding device 30 will be described. The seeding device 30 includes a hopper section 31 located above the harvesting section 20 for storing and dispensing seeds, a seed supply pipe 36 connected to the hopper section 31 for supplying seeds, a furrowing and seeding section 41 located below the harvesting section 20 for creating furrows 91 in the ground 90 (see Figure 8) and sowing seeds 92 supplied from the seed supply pipe 36 into the furrows 91, and a positioning unit (including a GNSS antenna) 17 for measuring the position and speed of the furrowing and seeding section 41. Note that RTK-GNSS (Real Time Kinematic GNSS), suitable for positioning moving objects, may be used as the positioning method for the positioning unit 17. The controller 38 determines the position of the furrowing and seeding section 41 from the position information of the GNSS antenna of the positioning unit 17. 【0033】 The positioning unit 17 has a GNSS antenna unit set at the top of the combine harvester 11. The satellite radio waves obtained by the GNSS antenna unit are transmitted via cable to the processing unit in the controller 38, where the position of the GNSS antenna unit (latitude, longitude, and altitude) is corrected and calculated. The position of the GNSS antenna unit on the combine harvester 11 is measured in advance, as are the positions of the cutting blade unit 21 and the furrowing and seeding unit 41, and this information is input into the controller 38 for use. It is preferable to install the GNSS antenna unit in a location that is less affected by so-called multipath (for example, slightly behind the driver's seat 14, or on top of the cabin if there is a cabin), but it may be installed in other locations as long as it is not affected by multipath. 【0034】 The hopper section 31, seed supply pipe 36, furrow-making seeding section 41, and positioning section 17 of the seeding device 30 are detachably attached to the combine harvester 11. 【0035】 Next, I will explain the hopper section 31. The hopper section 31 comprises a support frame 32 provided on the body of the combine harvester 11, a hopper holding plate 33 supported by the support frame 32, a seed hopper 34 held by the hopper support plate 33 for storing seeds 92, a seed dispensing section 35 provided below the seed hopper 34 for dispensing seeds 92, and a plurality of seed supply pipes 36 provided in the seed dispensing section 35. The number of seed supply pipes 36 and the sowing section 30 is determined appropriately according to the number of rice harvesting rows, but Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a case where a 4-row combine harvester is equipped with a sowing section for 3-row sowing. The number of harvesting rows and sowing rows can be set as appropriate. 【0036】 As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the seed supply pipes 36 are each supported by pipe support members 37 provided in the harvesting unit 20. The seeding device 30 also includes a controller 38 that works in conjunction with the positioning unit 17 to control the amount of seeds 92 dispensed from the seed dispensing unit 35. The seeding device 30 is a so-called GNSS speed-linked type that sows seeds in conjunction with the vehicle speed detected by the positioning unit 17. The controller 38 is connected to the positioning unit 17, the vehicle speed sensor 18, the seed quantity sensor 39, and the seed dispensing unit 35 so that it can receive or transmit signals from each of them. The GNSS performs positioning at regular intervals, and since it can obtain information on the distance traveled at each measurement time interval, the vehicle speed is calculated based on this information. As a result, the controller 38 controls the amount of seeds 92 dispensed from the seed dispensing unit 35 to a predetermined amount based on inputs from the positioning unit 17 and the seed quantity sensor 39. The controller 38 may also control the amount of seeds 92 dispensed from the seed dispensing unit 35 to a predetermined amount based on inputs from the positioning unit 17, the vehicle speed sensor 18, and the seed quantity sensor 39. Alternatively, as mentioned above, the vehicle speed sensor 18 may be omitted, and the controller may be linked only to the vehicle speed detected by the positioning unit 17. Furthermore, the controller 38 may control the dispensing amount to ensure that seeds are sown in the optimal position without overlap, based on information from the work trajectory of the harvesting unit and the work trajectory of the sowing unit. The above mechanism, which is installed in a simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine, can also be applied to crops other than rice, such as wheat, beans, grains, and fodder crops. 【0037】 Next, I will explain the furrowing and seeding section 41. As shown in Figures 2 to 7, the furrow-making and seeding section 41 is positioned between the divider 24 and the tilling section 22. A divider-holding frame 42 is provided at the bottom of the harvesting section 20, extending forward from the main frame 25, and the furrow-making and seeding section 41 is installed on this divider-holding frame 42. 【0038】 The harvesting unit 20 is equipped with a cutting blade unit 21 for cutting rice. The furrowing and seeding unit 41 is positioned so as not to overlap with the cutting blade unit 21 in the vehicle width direction when viewed from the front. Furthermore, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 is positioned so as not to overlap with the cutting blade unit 21 in the vehicle front-rear direction, and is positioned between the rice plants to be cut. In this embodiment, three furrowing and seeding units 41 are provided. As shown in Figures 11(A) to (C), the furrowing and seeding units 41 may be provided in one or more locations, such as four, five, or six. Below, one furrowing and seeding unit 41 will be described as a representative example, but the remaining furrowing and seeding units 41 have a similar basic structure. 【0039】 The furrowing and seeding unit 41 comprises a furrowing unit holding plate 43 provided on a divider holding frame 42 and having a flat surface formed in the vertical and vehicle front-rear directions, two round bars 44 provided vertically on the furrowing unit holding plate 43, a hollow disc frame 45 provided on these round bars 44 and inclined downwards toward the front, a height adjustment frame 46 slidably provided inside the disc frame 45, and a lock bolt 47 provided on the disc frame 45 for fixing the height adjustment frame 46. The disc frame 45 and the height adjustment frame 46 are formed in a rectangular shape in cross-section. 【0040】 Furthermore, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 includes two shafts 48 provided at the lower end of the height adjustment frame 46, and furrowing discs 49 (49a, 49b) provided on each of these shafts 48 to create furrows 91 (see Figure 8). The two furrowing discs 49a and 49b are arranged in a V-shape in plan view, with the front side of the vehicle closed and opening towards the rear side of the vehicle. The rear side of the two furrowing discs 49a and 49b is open at an angle α. 【0041】 Furthermore, the groove-making section holding plate 43 includes a divider mounting arm 52 that extends forward of the vehicle and folds back in a V-shape, a disc scraper bracket 54 that extends in the vehicle width direction, a divider mounting bracket 51 provided on the disc scraper bracket 54, and a tip bracket 53 provided on the folded portion of the divider mounting arm. 【0042】 The bracket 54 for the disc scraper is provided with an external scraper 55 for the disc that slides against the groove-making disc 49a to remove soil adhering to the groove-making disc 49a. 【0043】 Furthermore, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 is equipped with a soil-piling scraper 64 for piling soil into the furrows 91 where seeds 92 have been sown. Specifically, a scraper frame 61 is provided on the furrowing unit holding plate 43 via a scraper angle 57. An axle bolt 62 is provided at the lower part of the scraper frame 61, and a swinging member 63 is swingably attached to this axle bolt 62, with a soil-piling scraper 64 for piling soil into place at the tip of the swinging member 63. A spring 65 is provided at the upper end of the swinging member 63, biasing the soil-piling scraper 64 at the tip of the swinging member 63 toward the ground 90 so that it swings from the rear of the vehicle toward the front of the vehicle. The other end of the spring 65 is locked to a spring angle 66 provided on the scraper frame 61. 【0044】 A seeding port 36a for discharging seeds 92 is formed at the lower end of the seed supply pipe 36. The seed supply pipe 36 is positioned between the disc frame 45 and the scraper frame 61. The seeding port 36a is located between the two groove-making discs 49a and 49b, on the rear side of the axle 48 of the vehicle. 【0045】 Next, the operation of the seeding device 30 will be explained. As shown in Figure 8(A), when the harvesting unit 20 of the simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine 10 is raised, the furrowing and sowing unit 41 of the sowing device 30 also rises together with the harvesting unit 20. When the harvesting unit 20 is lowered, the furrowing and sowing unit 41 also lowers. 【0046】 As shown in Figures 8(B) and 8(C), the furrowing and sowing unit 41 is in a lowered position, and the lower part of the furrowing disc 49 is buried in the ground 90. When the simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine 10 is advanced, the furrowing discs 49a and 49b dig furrows 91 of a predetermined depth in the ground 90 between the rice plants to be harvested. Seeds 92 are sown into the dug furrows 91 from the sowing opening 36a of the seed supply pipe 36. 【0047】 At the rear of the vehicle where the seeds 92 are sown, the soil is pushed into the furrow 91 by the soil-piling scraper 64, and the soil is covered with soil. The furrow-making and sowing unit 41 is located near the cutting blade unit 21 (see Figure 2) of the harvesting unit 20. 【0048】 Next, the operation of the seed-sowing and harvesting simultaneous work machine 10 in the embodiment will be explained. As shown in Figure 9(A), in the embodiment of the simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine 10, the distance between the cutting blade section 21 of the harvesting section 20 and the seeding opening 36a (see Figure 8) of the furrowing and seeding section 41 of the seeding device 30 is L1. Since the cutting blade section 21 of the harvesting section 20 and the seeding opening 36a of the furrowing and seeding section 41 are close together, the path for harvesting the rice and the path for sowing can be made almost the same. This improves the seeding accuracy of the GNSS vehicle speed-linked seeding device 30 and prevents overlapping and uneven sowing of seeds 92. 【0049】 Next, the operation of the comparative example, the simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine 100, will be explained. As shown in Figure 9(B), the comparative example seed-harvesting machine 100 comprises a machine body 101, a driver's seat 102 located on the upper part of the machine body 101, a crawler 103 located on the lower part of the machine body 101, a harvesting section 105 located at the front of the machine body 101, and a straw removal section 106 located at the rear of the machine body 101. The comparative example seed-harvesting machine 100 has a seed planter 107 that protrudes in front of the harvesting section 105, a divider 108 located at the front of the seed planter 107, a seed hopper 109 located on the upper part of the seed planter 107, and a furrowing disc 110 located at the lower part of the seed planter 107. The distance between the cutting blade section 104 located at the lower end of the harvesting section 105 and the seed planting opening of the seed planter 107 is L2. The distance L2 between the cutting blade 104 and the seeding opening 36a in the comparative example is greater than the distance L1 between the cutting blade 21 and the seeding opening 36a in the example. Therefore, in the comparative example's simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine 100, the rice harvesting path and the seeding path are different. If the path is aligned with the rice harvesting path, overlapping and uneven seeding are likely to occur in the seeding path. If the path is aligned with the seeding path, uncut areas are likely to occur in the rice harvesting path. 【0050】 Next, a disc depth automatic adjustment unit 70, which serves as a furrowing and seeding unit 41 according to a different embodiment, will be described. As shown in Figure 10, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 is equipped with an automatic disc depth adjustment unit 70. The automatic disc depth adjustment unit 70 is equipped with two furrowing discs 49 that are arranged in a V-shape in plan view, with the front side of the vehicle closed and opening towards the rear side of the vehicle, and which create a furrow 91 (see Figure 8(C)). The unit holds the furrowing discs 49 and presses them against the ground 90 with the biasing force of the lower spring 74 and the upper spring 76, thereby automatically adjusting the depth of the furrowing discs 49 relative to the ground 90. 【0051】 The automatic disc depth adjustment unit 70 comprises an outer frame 71, a core 72 movably provided inside the outer frame 71, a lower piston 73 extending downward from the core 72, a lower spring 74 positioned between the lower end of the core 72 and the bottom of the outer frame, an upper piston 75 extending upward from the core 72, an upper spring 76 positioned at the upper end of the core 72, a spring receiving plate 77 that receives the upper end of the upper spring 76, a lock nut 78, a threaded cylindrical pipe 79 into which the lock nut 78 is screwed, and a handle 81 for rotating the threaded cylindrical pipe 79. 【0052】 As shown in Figures 2(A), 2(B), and 11(A) to 11(C), the furrowing and seeding unit 41 consists of one unit per harvesting row, and a common specification is possible for simultaneous seeding and harvesting machines 10 such as 3-row harvesting / 3-row seeding, 4-row harvesting / 4-row seeding, 5-row harvesting / 5-row seeding, and 6-row harvesting / 6-row seeding. The mounting brackets are designed to fit each model series of the simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine 10, and multiple seed supply pipes 36 (examples of placement locations are shown in the frame) and furrowing and seeding units 41 may be attached. In this way, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 enables the standardization of the attachment format. The mounting positions of the furrowing and seeding unit 41 are provided sequentially from the leftmost to the right on the divider 24. For the second operation, the leftmost furrowing and seeding unit 41 is attached to the rightmost position to eliminate misalignment of the seeding rows. Subsequently, the attachment position of only one unit of the furrowing and seeding unit 41 may be changed sequentially between odd-numbered and even-numbered years. Figure 11(A) illustrates a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine for 4-row harvesting and 4-row planting. Figure 11(B) illustrates a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine for 5-row harvesting and 5-row planting. Figure 11(C) illustrates a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine for 6-row harvesting and 6-row planting. 【0053】 Figure 12(A) is a diagram illustrating the operation of the simultaneous sowing and harvesting work using the simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to the embodiment. The simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine 10, equipped with a sowing device 30 on a combine harvester 11, performs sowing and rice harvesting simultaneously in the cultivated field. Figure 12(B) is a diagram illustrating the good germination state according to the embodiment, showing that sprouts are emerging well among the harvested rice plants. Figure 12(C) is a diagram illustrating the smooth growth state according to the embodiment, showing that the rice growth is smoother with the simultaneous sowing and harvesting work in the embodiment than when rice is harvested in the fall and seedlings are planted in the spring as is typical. In the embodiment, the grain yield was 540 kg / 10a, which is a 10% increase compared to direct sowing in the spring as is typical. 【0054】 Figure 13(A) shows the harvest period for the comparative example, and Figure 13(B) shows the harvest period for the example. Figure 13(A) is a diagram illustrating the grain yield for the comparative example, with a grain yield of 493 kg / 10a. Figure 13(B) is a diagram illustrating the grain yield for the example, with a grain yield of 540 kg / 10a in September 2021. The yield of 540 kg / 10a was achieved by simultaneous harvesting and sowing at the time of the previous year's harvest, which is 10% higher than the yield of 493 kg / 10a for the comparative example (normal) of spring dry-field direct-sown rice. The rice variety is Akita Komachi. 【0055】 Next, I will explain the effects of the sowing and harvesting simultaneous work machine 10 described above. As described above, the combined seeding and harvesting machine 10 comprises a harvesting unit 20 of a combine harvester 11 for harvesting rice, and a seeding device 30 that sows seeds simultaneously with the harvesting of rice by the harvesting unit 20. The seeding device 30 comprises a hopper unit 31, a seed supply pipe 36, a furrowing and seeding unit 41 that creates furrows 91 in the ground 90 and sows seeds 92 in the furrows 91, and a positioning unit 17 that measures the position of the furrowing and seeding unit 41. Since the hopper unit 31 is located above the harvesting unit 20 and the furrowing and seeding unit 41 is located below the harvesting unit 20, the seeding device 30 does not protrude from the main body of the combine harvester 11 in a plan view, making it possible to miniaturize the machine. 【0056】 In this embodiment of the present invention, sowing is performed simultaneously with crop harvesting, in conjunction with the vehicle speed of the GNSS. By equipping the simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine 10 with a positioning unit 17 and making the sowing device 30 GNSS speed-linked, the sowing location can be determined, making the sowing work more efficient and saving seeds by eliminating waste such as overlapping sowing. By reducing overlapping and uneven sowing, growth can be standardized and the yield can be stabilized. As a result, it is possible to provide a simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine 10 that sows seeds at the same time as harvesting rice, while also miniaturizing the overall machine and preventing overlapping sowing and uneven seed sowing. 【0057】 Furthermore, the seed-sowing and harvesting simultaneous work machine 10 of the embodiment is designed to not interfere with harvesting operations using existing combine harvesters, and to ensure proper germination and growth by sowing seeds in the appropriate locations in the field. First, it is necessary to clarify the mounting position. Conventional technology has options such as direct mounting to the front of the cutting section (header), attachment to the rear of the harvester, and towed type. Also, normally, controlling the seeding amount requires measuring (estimating the distance from the rotation speed) by attaching a ground wheel to the furrowing disc and rotating the wheel on the ground. In this respect, the present invention eliminates this by equipping it with GNSS, making it smaller and successfully securing workspace for harvesting operations. In addition, the basic structure of conventional seed hoppers is to install them directly above the furrowing disc. In this respect, the present invention installs the seed hopper at the top, which helps to secure space when harvesting. In similar configurations of conventional technology, it is installed at the top of the seeding device, and if a large amount of seeds are loaded, it interferes with harvesting operations. In this respect, the present invention installs it in front of the seat of the machine body, making it less susceptible to the effects of weight. As a result, the present invention provides a detachable seeding device that is mounted using the space above, below, left, and right of the harvesting unit 20, and achieves a position design that does not interfere with harvesting work. 【0058】 Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, by attaching a hopper section 31, a seed supply pipe 36, a furrowing and sowing section 41, and a positioning section 17 to an existing combine harvester 11, the versatility can be improved, the existing combine harvester 11 can be made smaller as an entire machine, and a seed-harvesting and sowing machine 10 can be created that prevents overlapping sowing and uneven sowing of seeds. 【0059】 Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 is positioned between the divider 24 and the raising unit 22, which allows the length of the simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine 10 to be reduced and made more compact. In addition, since the harvesting unit 20 and the furrowing and seeding unit 41 are close together, the rice harvesting path and the seeding path can be made almost the same, which prevents overlapping seeding and uneven seeding. 【0060】 Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the furrowing and seeding section 41 is provided on the divider holding frame 42, the harvesting section 20 for cutting rice and the furrowing and seeding section 41 can be raised and lowered together. 【0061】 Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 is positioned so as not to overlap with the cutting blade unit 21 in the vehicle width direction when viewed from the front, so that even if the seeding device 30 is retrofitted to an existing combine harvester 11, the harvesting work will not be hindered. 【0062】 Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the furrow-making and sowing unit 41 is equipped with a soil-piling scraper 64 for piling soil onto the furrows where seeds have been sown, so that the seeds can be covered with soil for efficient sowing and an improved germination rate can be achieved. 【0063】 Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the furrowing and seeding unit 41 holds the furrowing disc 49 with the automatic disc depth adjustment unit 70 and presses the furrowing disc 49 against the ground 90 with the biasing force of springs 74 and 76, thereby automatically adjusting the depth of the furrowing disc 49 relative to the ground 90. This makes it possible to always optimize the furrowing depth of the furrows made in the ground 90 by the furrowing and seeding unit 41 and improve the efficiency of seeding. 【0064】 Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the seed supply pipe 36 and furrowing seeding section 41 of the seeding device 30 are provided to be attachable one or more times, so they can be attached to combine harvesters with various row counts, such as 1-row harvesting / 1-row seeding, 3-row harvesting / 3-row seeding, 4-row harvesting / 4-row seeding, 5-row harvesting / 5-row seeding, 6-row harvesting / 6-row seeding, etc. 【0065】 In this embodiment, a so-called combine harvester 11 was used as the main body of the simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine 10, but it is not limited to this, and a harvester without threshing is also acceptable. Also, in this embodiment, the lifting section 22 was made in two rows, but it is not limited to this, and the lifting section 22 may be made in one row, three rows, etc. [Industrial applicability] 【0066】 The present invention is suitable for a simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine equipped with a sowing device that sows rice seeds at the same time as harvesting the rice. [Explanation of Symbols] 【0067】 10... Seed sowing and harvesting simultaneous work machine, 11... Combine harvester, 17... Positioning unit (GNSS receiver, GNSS antenna), 20... Harvesting unit, 21... Cutting blade unit, 22... Lifting unit, 24... Divider, 30... Seed sowing device (seeder), 31... Hopper unit, 34... Seed hopper, 35... Seed dispensing unit, 36... Seed supply pipe (seed supply hose), 36a... Sowing port, 41... Furrowing and seeding unit, 42... Divider holding frame, 43... Furrowing unit holding plate, 49, 49a, 49b... Furrowing disc, 52... Divider mounting arm, 64... Soil mounding scraper, 70... Disc depth automatic adjustment unit, 74... Lower spring, 75... Upper spring, 90... Ground, 91... Furrow, 92... Seed.

Claims

[Claim 1] A simultaneous harvesting and sowing machine comprising a harvesting unit of a combine harvester for harvesting rice, and a sowing device for sowing rice simultaneously with the harvesting unit, The sowing device comprises a hopper section provided above the harvesting section for storing and dispensing seeds, a seed supply pipe connected to the hopper section for supplying seeds, a furrow-making and sowing section provided below the harvesting section for creating furrows in the ground and sowing seeds from the seed supply pipe into the furrows, and a positioning unit for measuring the position and orientation of the furrow-making and sowing section and the harvesting section. A divider holding frame extending forward is provided at the lower part of the harvesting section. A seeding and harvesting simultaneous work machine characterized in that the furrowing and seeding section is provided on the divider holding frame. [Claim 2] A simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to claim 1, A seeding and harvesting simultaneous work machine characterized in that the hopper section, seed supply pipe, furrowing and seeding section, and positioning section of the seeding device are detachably provided on the combine harvester. [Claim 3] A simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, The combine harvester includes a divider located below the harvesting section that separates the rice plants, and a lifting section that raises the rice plants. The seeding and harvesting machine is characterized in that the furrowing and seeding section is positioned between the divider and the lifting section. [Claim 4] A simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, The harvesting unit is equipped with a cutting blade for cutting the rice, The aforementioned furrowing and seeding unit is positioned in a location that does not overlap with the cutting blade unit in the vehicle width direction, and is located between the rice plants to be cut, making it a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine. [Claim 5] A simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, The aforementioned furrow-making and seeding unit is equipped with a soil-piling scraper for piling soil into the furrows where the seeds have been sown, making it a simultaneous seeding and harvesting machine. [Claim 6] A simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, The aforementioned furrowing and seeding unit is characterized by comprising: two furrowing discs arranged in a V-shape in plan view so that they are closed at the front of the vehicle and open towards the rear of the vehicle to form the furrows; and an automatic disc depth adjustment unit that holds the furrowing discs and automatically adjusts the depth of the furrowing discs relative to the ground by pressing them against the ground with the biasing force of a spring. [Claim 7] A simultaneous sowing and harvesting machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, A seeding and harvesting simultaneous work machine characterized in that the seed supply pipe and the furrowing seeding section of the seeding device are provided to be attachable one or more times.

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