Articles and methods for manufacturing articles

Abstract

The present disclosure aims to provide an article having a surface treatment layer with good durability. 【Solution means】A substrate (A), a water and oil repellent layer (C), and a silicon oxide layer (B) containing an alkali metal atom, which is disposed between the substrate (A) and the water and oil repellent layer (C). In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average value of the concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region where the depth from the surface in contact with the water and oil repellent layer (C) is 0.1 to 0.3 nm is 1.4×10 18 atoms / cm 3 or more and 2.6×10 20 atoms / cm 3 or less, the water and oil repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, and the silane compound does not have a fluorine atom in its structure, an article.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to articles and methods for manufacturing articles. [Background technology]

[0002] Certain silane compounds are known to provide excellent water repellency, oil repellency, and stain resistance when used for surface treatment of substrates. Layers obtained from surface treatment agents containing silane compounds (hereinafter also referred to as "surface treatment layers") are applied as so-called functional thin films to a wide variety of substrates, such as glass, plastics, fibers, sanitary products, and building materials (Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2023 / 181863 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-116097 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] There was room for improvement in the durability of the surface treatment layer formed from the above-mentioned silane compound.

[0005] This disclosure aims to provide articles having a surface treatment layer with good durability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] This disclosure includes the following: [1] Base material (A), Water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C), The substrate (A) and the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) are disposed between them and a silicon oxide layer (B) containing alkali metal atoms, In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average value of the concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region with a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water and oil repellent layer (C) is 1.4×10 , - atoms / cm 3 or more and 2.6×10 20 atoms / cm 3 or less, and the silicon oxide layer (B) contains one or more selected from the group consisting of Cl - , SO3 - , NO3 - , SO4 2- , and PO3 - , the water and oil repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, the silane compound does not have a fluorine atom in its structure, article. [2]<​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​The article according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) comprises one or more selected from condensates of silicate compounds and hydrolysates of alkoxysilanes. [6] The silicon dioxide layer (B) is formed from a binder composition, The binder composition, An article according to any one of [1] to [5], comprising a silicon dioxide precursor, an acid, and an alkali metal salt. [7] The silicon dioxide layer (B) is formed from a liquid binder composition. The liquid binder composition, An article according to any one of [1] to [6], comprising a silicon dioxide precursor, an acid, an alkali metal salt, and a solvent. [8] The article according to [6] or [7], wherein the silicon dioxide precursor comprises one or more selected from silicic acid compounds, condensates of silicic acid compounds, alkoxysilanes, and hydrolysis condensates of alkoxysilanes. [9] The silane compound in the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is given by the following formula (1): R A1 α -X A -R Si β (1) [In formula (1), R A1 This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group. R Si This represents a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is bonded. X A This represents a single bond or a group with 2 to 10 valencies. α represents an integer from 1 to 9. β represents an integer between 1 and 9. An article according to any one of [1] to [8], comprising a compound represented by .

[10] The silane compound is, in formula (1), R A1However, the following formula (A4) or (A5): R 11a -(R S ) γ1 -(SiR 12a 2) γ2 -(R Ar ) γ3 - (A4) R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- (A5) [In formula (A4), R 11a This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group. R S Each of these is independent and expressed by the following formula: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R77 -R 78 -、 -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -、 -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -、 or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 - and, R 76 each is independently a C 1-6 alkylene group, R 77 each is independently an optionally substituted arylene group, R 78 each is independently a single bond, or a C 1-6 alkylene group, R 79 each is independently a single bond, or an oxygen atom, R 75 each is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer from 0 to 500, y is an integer from 0 to 500, z is an integer from 0 to 500, x + y + z is 1 or more, the order of existence of each repeating unit enclosed in parentheses with x, y, or z is arbitrary in the formula.] a group represented by, R 12a each represents independently a hydrocarbon group,<000 R Ar represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, γ1 is 0 or 1, γ2 is 0 or 1 γ3 is 0 or 1; In formula (A5), R 13a C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or one of the A or B groups described below. Groups A and B are given by the following formula: [ka] [In formula: R 51 These are, independently, -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma -R 53 It is a base represented by, R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R 51’ R 51 It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. R 54 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer between 1 and 5. z is either 0 or 1. This represents, R 14a Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 1500. The article according to [9], comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

[11] The silane compound is, in formula (1), X A However, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41-, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R S It is a 2- to 10-valent group containing R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, R S The formula is as follows: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R 75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. The article according to [9] or

[10] , comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

[12] The silane compound is, in formula (1), X A However, the following formula: -(X 121 ) a0 -X 110 -[(X 111 ) a1 -(X 112 ) a2 ]- [In formula: X 121 R 161 b1 R 62 3-b1 C-, R163 b2 R 164 3-b2 Si- or R 165 N-, R 161 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 162 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 163 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 164 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 165 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. b1 is either 2 or 3. b2 is either 2 or 3. X 110 This is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms. X 111 These are single bonds or divalent organic groups, X 112 -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R S And, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, R S The formula is as follows: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by, a0 is either 0 or 1. a1 is an integer between 1 and 5. a2 is an integer between 0 and 5. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by a1 or a2 and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. A base represented by, or Expression(X A1 ): [ka] [where, X a Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent linking group. An article according to any one of [9] to

[11] , comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

[13] The silane compound is, in formula (1), R Si However, the following equations (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4), or (S5): [ka] [In formula: R 11 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 12 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n1 is (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. X 11 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 13 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Each t is an independent integer greater than or equal to 2. R 14 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or -X 11 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 And, R 15 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, and C 1-6 Alkylene group or C 1-6 It is an alkylene oxy group, R a1 These are, independently, -Z 1 -SiR 21 p1 R 22 q1 R 23 r1 and; Z 1 These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R 21 These are, independently, -Z 1’ -SiR 21’ p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ and; R 22 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 23 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, p1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. Each q1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Each r1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. Z 1’ These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R 21’ These are, independently, -Z 1” -SiR 22” q1” R 23”r1” and; R 22’ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 23’ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, p1' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Each of q1' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. r1' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Z 1” These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R 22” Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 23” Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, Each of q1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. Each of r1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. R b1 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R c1 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, k1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. l1 are all independent integers between 0 and 3. Each m1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. However, in formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, R d1 These are, independently, -Z 2 -CR 31 p2 R 32 q2 R 33 r2 And, Z 2 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. R 31 These are, independently, -Z 2’ -CR 32’ q2’ R33’ r2’ And, R 32 These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 And, R 33 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. p2 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. Each of the q2 values ​​is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Each of the r2 values ​​is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Z 2’ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. R 32’ These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 And, R 33’ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. q2' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. r2' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Z 3 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group; R 34 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 35 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. R e1 These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 And, R f1 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. k2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. l2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. Each of the m2 values ​​is an independent integer between 0 and 3. However, in formula (S4), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, R g1 and R h1 These are, independently, -Z 4 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 , -Z 4 -SiR a1 k1 R b1 l1 R c1 m1 , or -Z 4 -CR d1 k2 R e1 l2 R f1 m2 And, Z 4 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. However, in formula (S5), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded. An article according to any one of [9] to

[12] , comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

[14] The silane compound is, in formula (1), R A1 However, the following formula (A4') or (A5'): R 11a - (A4') R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- (A5') [In formula (A4'), R 11a The following is a basic A: [ka] [In formula: R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma - is a base represented by R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R 51’ R 51 It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. z is either 0 or 1. It is a base represented by; In formula (A5'), R 13a C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, R 14a Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 1500. It is a base represented by; X A However, the following formula: -(X 121 ) a0 -X 110 -[(X 111 ) a1 -(X 112’ ) a2 ]- [In formula: X 121 R 161 b1 R 62 3-b1 C-, R 163 b2 R 1643-b2 Si- or R 165 N-, R 161 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 162 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 163 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 164 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 165 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. b1 is either 2 or 3. b2 is either 2 or 3. X 110 This is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms. X 111 These are single bonds or divalent organic groups, X 112’ -CO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, or -NR 41 CO-, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, a0 is either 0 or 1. a1 is an integer between 1 and 5. a2 is an integer between 0 and 5. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by a1 or a2 and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by, R Si However, equation (S2): -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 (S2) [In formula (S2), R 11 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 12 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n1 is (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. An article according to any one of [9] to

[13] , comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

[15] A method for manufacturing an article, The aforementioned article comprises a base material (A) and A water- and oil-repellent layer (C) formed from a silane compound containing Si atoms to which hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups are bonded, Displaced between the substrate (A) and the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C), the silicon oxide layer (B) containing alkali metal atoms is provided. The silane compound does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure. In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10⁻⁶. 18 atoms / cm 3 The above 2.6 × 10 20 atoms / cm 3 The following: The silicon oxide layer (B) is made of Cl - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , and PO3 - A method for manufacturing an article, comprising one or more types selected from the group consisting of the following. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] This disclosure may provide articles having a surface treatment layer with good durability. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] The articles disclosed herein are Base material (A), Water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C), The substrate (A) and the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) are disposed between them and a silicon oxide layer (B) containing alkali metal atoms, In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10⁻⁶. 18 atoms / cm 3 The above 2.6 × 10 20 atoms / cm 3 The following: The silicon oxide layer (B) is made of Cl - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , and PO3 - It includes one or more species selected from the group consisting of, The water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing Si atoms to which hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups are bonded. The above silane compounds do not contain a fluorine atom in their structure.

[0009] The articles of this disclosure exhibit good durability of the surface treatment layer. While this disclosure should not be interpreted as limiting to any particular theory, the reasons why the articles of this disclosure may exhibit such effects are thought to be as follows: When surface treatment is performed using a silane compound that does not contain fluorine atoms in its structure, the adhesion between the surface treatment layer and the substrate can be improved by using a silicon oxide layer. Furthermore, it has become clear that the durability of the surface treatment layer can be improved by including alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer. It is thought that the inclusion of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer increases the amount of silanol groups on the surface of the silicon oxide layer, increasing the number of reaction sites, which in turn improves the adhesion between the silicon oxide layer and the water- and oil-repellent layer, thereby improving durability.

[0010] Base material (A) The substrate (A) usable in this disclosure is not particularly limited. The substrate (A) may consist of any suitable material, such as glass, resin (natural or synthetic resin, for example, general plastic materials, preferably polycarbonate resin, poly(meth)acrylate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, triacetylcellulose resin, polyimide resin, modified (transparent) polyimide resin, polycycloolefin resin, polyethylene naphthalate resin, and may be in the form of a plate, film, or other), metal (may be a composite of a single metal or alloy such as aluminum, copper, silver, or iron), ceramics, semiconductor (silicon, germanium, etc.), fiber (textiles, nonwovens, etc.), fur, leather, wood, ceramics, stone, building materials, etc.

[0011] For example, if the article to be manufactured is an optical component, the material constituting the surface of the substrate (A) may be an optical component material, such as glass or transparent plastic. Furthermore, the substrate (A) may have an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a protective layer, a decorative frame layer (I-CON), an atomizing film layer, a hard coat layer, an anti-reflective layer, a polarizing film, a phase difference film, an organic EL display module, and a liquid crystal display module, depending on its specific specifications. Either a single-layer anti-reflective layer or a multi-layer anti-reflective layer may be used for the anti-reflective layer. Examples of inorganic materials that can be used for the anti-reflective layer include SiO2, SiO, ZrO2, TiO2, TiO, Ti2O3, Ti2O5, Al2O3, Ta2O5, Ta3O5, Nb2O5, HfO2, Si3N4, CeO2, MgO, Y2O3, SnO2, MgF2, and WO3. These inorganic materials may be used individually or in combination of two or more (for example, as a mixture). When a multi-layer anti-reflective layer is used, it is preferable to use SiO2 and / or SiO for the outermost layer. If the article to be manufactured is an optical glass component for a touch panel, a thin film using a transparent electrode, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide, may be present on a part of the surface of the substrate (glass). Furthermore, the substrate may have an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, a protective layer, a decorative frame layer (I-CON), an atomizing film layer, a hard coating film layer, a polarizing film, a phase difference film, and a liquid crystal display module, depending on its specific specifications.

[0012] The shape of the substrate (A) is not particularly limited. Furthermore, the surface area of ​​the substrate on which the film (surface treatment layer) is to be formed only needs to be at least a part of the surface of the substrate (A), and can be appropriately determined according to the intended use and specific specifications of the article to be manufactured.

[0013] In one embodiment, the substrate may consist of a material that originally has hydroxyl groups, at least on its surface. Examples of such materials include glass, metals (especially base metals) on which a native oxide film or thermal oxide film is formed on the surface, ceramics, semiconductors, etc. Alternatively, if the material has insufficient hydroxyl groups, such as resins, or if it does not originally have hydroxyl groups, the substrate can be pretreated to introduce or increase hydroxyl groups on its surface. Examples of such pretreatment include plasma treatment (e.g., corona discharge) and ion beam irradiation. Plasma treatment can introduce or increase hydroxyl groups on the substrate surface and can also be suitably used to clean the substrate surface (remove foreign matter, etc.). Another example of such pretreatment is a method in which an interfacial adsorbent having carbon-carbon unsaturated bond groups is formed in the form of a monolayer on the substrate surface by the LB method (Langmuir-Bludget method) or chemical adsorption method, and then the unsaturated bonds are cleaved in an atmosphere containing oxygen or nitrogen.

[0014] In another embodiment, such a substrate may consist of a material in which at least its surface portion is made of another reactive group, such as a silicone compound having one or more Si-H groups, or an alkoxysilane.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the substrate is glass. Preferred glass includes sapphire glass, soda-lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, crystal glass, quartz glass, and crystallized glass, with chemically strengthened soda-lime glass, chemically strengthened alkali aluminosilicate glass, and chemically bonded borosilicate glass being particularly preferred.

[0016] Silicon oxide layer (B) The silicon oxide layer (B) is positioned between the substrate (A) and the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C), and is a layer mainly composed of silicon oxide, containing alkali metal atoms.

[0017] Examples of the alkali metal atoms mentioned above include lithium, sodium, and potassium, with sodium being preferable.

[0018] In the silicon oxide layer (B) described above, the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) described above is 1.4 × 10⁻⁶. 18 atoms / cm 3 The above 2.6 × 10 20 atoms / cm 3 The following, preferably 3.7 × 10 18 atoms / cm 3 The above 2.2 × 10 19 atoms / cm 3 More preferably 3.7 × 10 18 atoms / cm 3 The above 9.4 × 10 18 atoms / cm 3 The following are possible:

[0019] In the silicon oxide layer (B) described above, in a region where the depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is 0.1 to 0.3 nm, the proportion of sodium described above may be preferably 80 to 100 atomic percent, more preferably 90 to 100 atomic percent, and even more preferably 95 to 100 atomic percent, out of 100 atomic percent of the total amount of alkali metal atoms.

[0020] The average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the above-mentioned water- and oil-repellent layer (C) can be measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS).

[0021] The silicon oxide layer (B) has Cl in a region with a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C). - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , and PO3 - Preferably, it includes one or more selected from the group consisting of NO3 - It is more preferable to include it.

[0022] The above Cl - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , and PO3 - The content of one or more selected from the group consisting of the above may preferably be 1.0% to 20.0%, more preferably 1.0% to 10.0%, and even more preferably 1.0% to 5.0% with respect to the total count.

[0023] The above Cl - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , and PO3 - The content of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of these elements can be measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS).

[0024] In one embodiment, the silicon oxide layer (B) may be formed from a binder composition. Such a binder composition may preferably include a silicon oxide precursor, an acid, and an alkali metal salt.

[0025] Examples of silicon oxide precursors include silicic acid, partial condensates of silicic acid, alkali metal silicates, silane compounds having a hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom, and partial hydrolyzable condensates of the silane compounds. Silicic acid and its partial condensates can be dehydrated and condensed to produce silicon oxide, while alkali metal silicates can be converted to silicic acid or its partial condensates using an acid or cation exchange resin, and the resulting silicic acid or partial condensates can be dehydrated and condensed to produce silicon oxide. Examples of hydrolyzable groups in silane compounds having a hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom include alkoxy groups and chlorine atoms. The hydrolyzable group in the silane compound can be hydrolyzed to a hydroxyl group, and the resulting silanol compound can be dehydrated and condensed to produce silicon oxide. Examples of silane compounds having a hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom include alkoxysilanes such as tetraalkoxysilanes and alkyltrialkoxysilanes, and tetrachlorosilanes.

[0026] The above-mentioned acid may be an inorganic acid or an organic acid.

[0027] Examples of the inorganic acids mentioned above include hydrochloric acid, sulfurous acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and formic acid. Examples of the organic acids mentioned above include acetic acid.

[0028] The acid content may be preferably 0.01 moles to 10.0 moles, more preferably 0.02 moles to 5.0 moles, and even more preferably 0.05 moles to 1.0 mole, per mole of silicon atoms contained in the silicon oxide precursor. Having the acid content within this range makes it easier to control the concentration of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer (B).

[0029] The alkali metal salt described above may be any salt containing alkali metal ions. Examples of alkali metal ions contained in such alkali metal salts include lithium ions, sodium ions, and potassium ions, with sodium ions being preferred. Examples of alkali metal ions include chloride salts, sulfites, nitrates, sulfates, and phosphates containing these alkali metal ions, with chloride salts and nitrates being preferred. Sodium chloride and sodium nitrate are preferred as alkali metal salts.

[0030] The content of the alkali metal salt may be preferably 0.01 moles to 2.0 moles, more preferably 0.05 moles to 1.0 moles, and even more preferably 0.1 moles to 0.5 moles, per mole of silicon atoms contained in the silicon oxide precursor. Having the alkali metal salt content within this range makes it easier to control the concentration of alkali metal atoms in the silicon oxide layer (B).

[0031] The conjugate base in the above acid is Cl - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , or PO3 - In the case of the above alkali metal salt, Cl may be included in the above alkali metal salt. -, SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , or PO3 - These may be the same or different. In one embodiment, the conjugate base in the above acid and the Cl that may be contained in the above alkali metal salt - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , or PO3 - This is the same as the conjugate base in the above acid and the Cl that can be contained in the above alkali metal salt. - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , or PO3 - That is different.

[0032] In the above binder composition, the total content of silicon dioxide precursor, acid, and alkali metal salt may be preferably 1% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and even more preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the binder composition.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the binder composition may further contain a solvent. A binder composition containing a solvent is also called a liquid binder composition.

[0034] Examples of the above solvents include water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane; and amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone. Among these, water and alcohols are preferred, with methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, and sec-butanol being preferred, and water, methanol, ethanol, and iso-propanol being preferred.

[0035] In the above liquid binder composition, the solvent content may preferably be 90.0% by mass or more and 99.95% by mass or less, more preferably 95.0% by mass or more and 99.90% by mass or less, and even more preferably 98.0% by mass or more and 99.50% by mass or less.

[0036] The silicon dioxide layer (B) can be formed by applying the binder composition to the surface of the substrate (A). The coating method is not particularly limited. For example, wet coating and dry coating methods can be used.

[0037] Examples of wet coating methods include immersion coating, spin coating, flow coating, spray coating, roll coating, gravure coating, wipe coating, squeegee coating, die coating, inkjet, cast coating, Langmuir-Bludget method, and similar methods.

[0038] Examples of dry coating methods include vapor deposition (usually vacuum deposition), sputtering, CVD, and similar methods. Specific examples of vapor deposition methods (usually vacuum deposition) include resistance heating, electron beams, high-frequency heating using microwaves, ion beams, and similar methods. Specific examples of CVD methods include plasma-CVD, optical CVD, thermal CVD, and similar methods.

[0039] Furthermore, coating using the atmospheric pressure plasma method is also possible.

[0040] In one aspect, when using the wet coating method, the solvent is, for example, R 90 Compounds represented by -OH can be used. 90 is a monovalent organic group, preferably C 1-20 Alkyl alkyl group or C 3-20 These are alkylene groups, and these groups may be substituted with one or more substituents. Examples of substituents include hydroxyl groups, -OR 91 (Here, R 91 is C 1-10 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably C 1-3 Examples include alkyl groups (for example, a methyl group).

[0041] When using the dry coating method, the binder composition may be subjected to the dry coating method as is, or it may be diluted with the solvent described above before being subjected to the dry coating method.

[0042] The formation of the silicon oxide layer (B) is preferably carried out such that the silicon oxide precursor is present in the layer together with an acid acting as a catalyst for hydrolysis and dehydration condensation. For convenience, in the case of the wet coating method, the binder composition may be diluted with a solvent, and the catalyst may be added to the diluted binder composition immediately before application to the substrate surface. In the case of the dry coating method, the binder composition with the catalyst added may be directly subjected to vapor deposition (usually by vacuum deposition), or a pellet-like material impregnated with the catalyst-added surface treatment agent may be used for vapor deposition (usually by vacuum deposition).

[0043] The above binder composition may contain catalysts other than acids. Such other catalysts may include any suitable base, transition metals (e.g., Ti, Ni, Sn, Zr, Al, B, etc.), sulfur-containing compounds having lone pairs of electrons in their molecular structure, or nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., sulfoxide compounds, aliphatic amine compounds, aromatic amine compounds, phosphate amide compounds, amide compounds, urea compounds, etc.). Examples of base catalysts include ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethylamine, diethylamine, and other organic amines. Examples of transition metals, aliphatic amine compounds, and aromatic amine compounds are the same as those described above.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the silicon oxide layer (B) may be preferably 1 to 50 nm, more preferably 1 to 30 nm, even more preferably 2 to 15 nm, and even more preferably 3 to 10 nm.

[0045] Water and oil repellent layer (C) The above water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is disposed on the above silicon oxide layer (B) and is formed from a silane compound containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is bonded, and the above silane compound does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure. Such a silane compound may typically have a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is bonded. The hydrolysis condensate of the above silane compound can be formed by the hydrolysis and / or condensation of such hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group to form a siloxane bond (-Si-O-Si-).

[0046] The above silane compound is preferably of the following formula (1): R A1 α -X A -R Si β (1) [In formula (1), R A1 This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group. R SiThis represents a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is bonded. X A This represents a single bond or a group with 2 to 10 valencies. α represents an integer from 1 to 9. β represents an integer between 1 and 9. It is represented as follows.

[0047] In this specification, "monovalent organic group" means a monovalent group containing carbon. Monovalent organic groups are not particularly limited, but may be hydrocarbon groups or derivatives thereof. A derivative of a hydrocarbon group means a group having one or more N, O, S, Si, amide, sulfonyl, siloxane, carbonyl, carbonyloxy, etc., at the terminal or molecular chain of a hydrocarbon group. When simply referred to as "organic group," it means a monovalent organic group. Furthermore, "divalent organic group" means a divalent group containing carbon. Examples of such divalent organic groups include divalent groups obtained by removing one more hydrogen atom from an organic group. Similarly, trivalent or higher organic groups mean groups obtained by removing a predetermined number of hydrogen atoms from an organic group.

[0048] As used herein, "hydrocarbon group" means a group containing carbon and hydrogen, obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon. Such hydrocarbon groups are not particularly limited, but include C 1-20 Examples of hydrocarbon groups include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and aromatic hydrocarbon groups. The above-mentioned "aliphatic hydrocarbon group" may be linear, branched, or cyclic, and may be saturated or unsaturated. The hydrocarbon group may also contain one or more ring structures. The hydrocarbon group may be substituted with one or more substituents.

[0049] In the use herein, the substituents of the "hydrocarbon group" are not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a halogen atom, or a halogen atom, or C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, C 2-6 Alkynyl group, C3-10 Cycloalkyl groups, C 3-10 Unsaturated cycloalkyl group, 5-10 membered heterocyclyl group, 5-10 membered unsaturated heterocyclyl group, C 6-10 Examples include one or more groups selected from aryl groups and heteroaryl groups with 5 to 10 members.

[0050] As used herein, "hydrolyzable group" means a group that can undergo hydrolysis, that is, a group that can be removed from the main skeleton of a compound by hydrolysis. Examples of hydrolyzable groups include -OR h , -OCOR h , -ON=CR h 2. -NR h 2, -NHR h , -NCO, halogen (in these formulas, R h C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 Examples include alkyl groups, preferably -OR h (That is, an alkoxy group). h Examples include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl groups. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred.

[0051] As used herein, "arylene group" refers to a divalent aromatic group. The arylene group may be a monocyclic aromatic group or a polycyclic aromatic group. Examples of arylene groups include divalent 1- to 3-cyclic aromatic groups, specifically divalent groups obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, fluorene, and phenanthrene, as listed below. The above arylene group may be substituted with one or more substituents. The bond position is arbitrary.

[0052] [ka]

[0053] R A1 This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.

[0054] R A1 A monovalent group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group, represented by the following formula (A4) or (A5): R 11a -(R S ) γ1 -(SiR 12a 2) γ2 -(R Ar ) γ3 - (A4) R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- (A5) [In formula (A4), R 11a This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group. R S Each of these is independent and expressed by the following formula: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R 75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by, R 12aEach of these independently represents a hydrocarbon group. R Ar This represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, γ1 is either 0 or 1. γ2 is either 0 or 1. γ3 is either 0 or 1; In formula (A5), R 13a C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or one of the A or B groups described below. Groups A and B are given by the following formula: [ka] [In formula: R 51 These are, independently, -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma -R 53 It is a base represented by, R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R 51’ R 51 It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. R 54 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer between 1 and 5. z is either 0 or 1. This represents, R 14a Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 1500. It may be a group represented by R. That is, the above silane compound is R A1 However, it may include compounds of the above formula (A4) or (A5).

[0055] R 11a This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group.

[0056] In one embodiment, R 11a It is a hydrocarbon group.

[0057] The hydrocarbon group mentioned above is preferably an alkyl group.

[0058] The alkyl group described above may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the alkyl group is branched. The alkyl group is preferably C 1-12 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more preferably C 1-3 Alkyl group, more preferably methyl group or ethyl group, A methyl group is particularly preferred.

[0059] In one embodiment, R 11a The following is a basic A: [ka] [In formula: R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma - is a base represented by R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R51’ R 51 It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. z is either 0 or 1. It is a base represented by . R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma It is a base represented by -.

[0060] R 61 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0061] R 61 C in 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched. 1-6 The alkylene group is preferably C 1-4 Alkylene group, more preferably C 2-4 It may be an alkylene group.

[0062] In one embodiment, R 61 is an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0063] In one embodiment, R 61 This is an oxygen atom.

[0064] In one embodiment, some R 61 It is an oxygen atom, and the other R 61 is C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0065] R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R51’ That is the case.

[0066] R 53 The hydrocarbon group in the above-mentioned compound may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0067] The alkyl group described above may be linear or branched. The alkyl group described above is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-4 It is an alkyl group. The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0068] The above aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The above aryl is preferably C 6-20 The aryl group, more preferably C 6-10 It is an aryl group. The above aryl group is particularly preferably a phenyl group.

[0069] R 53 Preferably an alkyl group, more compared to C 1-4 It is an alkyl group.

[0070] R 51’ R 51 This is synonymous with R 51’ R 53 -(SiR 53 20) ma - However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, preferably 10 or less, more preferably 6 or less, and even more preferably 3 or less.

[0071] In one embodiment, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ That is the case.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, R 53 Each of these is, independently, a hydrocarbon group.

[0073] In one embodiment, R 53 R 53’ -(SiR 53’ 2-R 61’ ) ma’ - [In formula: R 53’ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma -and, at least one R 53’ R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma -and, R 53 These are, independently or as hydrocarbon groups, R 61 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. R 61’ Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of the variables 'ma' is an independent integer between 1 and 5. That is the case.

[0074] In another embodiment, R 53 R 53’ -(SiR 53’ 2-R 61’ ) ma’ - [In formula: R 53’ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 53” -(SiR 53” 2-R 61” ) ma” -and, at least one R 53’ R 53” -(SiR 53” 2-R 61” ) ma” -and, R53” Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma -and, at least one R 53” R 53 -(SiR 52 2-R 61 ) ma -and, R 53 These are, independently or as hydrocarbon groups, R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. R 61” Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each "ma" is an independent integer between 1 and 5. R 61’ Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of the variables 'ma' is an independent integer between 1 and 5. That is the case.

[0075] Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5, preferably 1 or 2.

[0076] R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0077] R 52 The hydrocarbon group in the above-mentioned compound may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0078] The alkyl group described above may be linear or branched. The alkyl group described above is preferably C 1-6 alkyl groups, more preferably C 1-4It is an alkyl group. The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0079] The above aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The above aryl is preferably C 6-20 Aryl group, more preferably C 6-10 It is an aryl group. The above aryl group is particularly preferably a phenyl group.

[0080] R 52 Preferably an alkyl group, more compared to C 1-4 It is an alkyl group.

[0081] na is an integer between 1 and 3. In one embodiment, na is 2. In another embodiment, na is 3. Note that R 51’ If it exists, na is (R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma Each is selected independently.

[0082] z is either 0 or 1. In one embodiment, z is 0. In another embodiment, z is 1.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, in group A, R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma - is a base represented by R 61 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 Alkylene group, preferably oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C 1-4 It is an alkyl group, ma is either 1 or 2. R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C1-4 It is an alkyl group, na is either 1 or 2.

[0084] Examples of group A include, but are not limited to, the following groups: [ka]

[0085] [ka]

[0086] [ka]

[0087] In formula (A4), R S Each of these is independent and expressed by the following formula: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R 75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by .

[0088] R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR76 -,-R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -,-R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -,-R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 - or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 - and preferably, C 1-12 an alkylene group, or -R<000'style="white-space:nowrap;">00886>-O-R 76 -.

[0089] In one embodiment, R 73 is a single bond.

[0090] In one embodiment, R 73 is C 1-12 an alkylene group, -R 76 -O-R 76 -,-R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -,-R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -,-R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 - or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 - and preferably, C 1-12 an alkylene group, or -R 76-OR 76 - is

[0091] R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 - is

[0092] In one embodiment, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, or -R 76 -OR 76 - is

[0093] In another embodiment, R 74 These are, independently, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R76 -R 79 - is.

[0094] In one embodiment, R 73 is, independently of each other, C 1-12 alkylene group, or -R 76 -O-R 76 - is, and R 74 is, independently of each other, C 1-12 alkylene group, or -R 76 -O-R 76 - is.

[0095] In another embodiment, R 73 is, independently of each other, C 1-12 alkylene group, or -R 76 -O-R 76 - is, and R 74 is, independently of each other, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 [[ID=5​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

[0098] R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group. 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched. 1-6 The alkylene group is preferably linear.

[0099] C above 1-6 The alkylene group is preferably C 2-4 Alkylene group, more preferably C 2-3 It is an alkylene group.

[0100] In a preferred embodiment, multiple R 76 In a group containing all R 76 They are the same base.

[0101] R 77 These are all independently substituted arylene groups.

[0102] In one embodiment, R 77 Each of them operates independently. [ka] That is the case.

[0103] In one embodiment, R 77 This is a phenylene group.

[0104] In another embodiment, R 77 This is a naphthylene group.

[0105] The above-mentioned arylene group may have substituents. The number of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0106] In one embodiment, the phenylene group and naphthylene group may have substituents. The number of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2. 2,5-substituted phenylene is preferred as the substituted phenylene group.

[0107] Each substituent relating to the above arylene group is independently -R 141 -R 142 That is the case.

[0108] R 141 This is a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom, preferably a single bond or an oxygen atom, and more preferably an oxygen atom.

[0109] R 142 C may be substituted with halogen. 1-12 Alkyl, -(OR 143 ) p ,-R 144 -R 145 ,-R 144 -OR 146 That is the case.

[0110] The halogen mentioned above is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, and is preferably fluorine.

[0111] R 142 C in 1-12 The alkyl group may be linear or branched.

[0112] R 143 C 1-6 Alkylene group, preferably C 2-4 This is an alkylene group. Such an alkylene group may be linear or branched.

[0113] R 144 C 1-12 Alkylene group, preferably C 1-6 This is an alkylene group. Such an alkylene group may be linear or branched.

[0114] R 145 -CH=CH2, or -OCOCH=CH2.

[0115] R 146 is a hydrogen atom, or C 1-6It is an alkyl group. Such alkyl group may be linear or branched. C 1-6 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-3 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-2 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0116] R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group. 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched.

[0117] In one embodiment, R 78 It is a single bond.

[0118] In another embodiment, R 78 C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0119] R 79 Each of these is independently either a single bond or an oxygen atom.

[0120] In one embodiment, R 79 It is a single bond.

[0121] In another embodiment, R 79 This is an oxygen atom.

[0122] R 75 These are each, independently, hydrocarbon groups. Such hydrocarbon groups may be substituted.

[0123] R 75 Each of these is independently preferably an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group substituted with a halogen atom.

[0124] R 75 Each of these C atoms may be independently substituted, preferably with a halogen atom. 1-18 Alkyl group or aryl group, more preferably C 1-18 It is an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0125] C above 1-18 The alkyl group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. 1-18 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-10 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more preferably C 1-4 An alkyl group, and more preferably a methyl group.

[0126] The above aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0127] In one embodiment, R 75 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably C 1-4 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0128] In another embodiment, R 75 This is a phenyl group.

[0129] In another embodiment, R 75 Each of these is independently a methyl group or a phenyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0130] x is an integer between 0 and 500, preferably between 0 and 300, more preferably between 0 and 100, even more preferably between 1 and 100, even more preferably between 5 and 50, and even more preferably between 10 and 30.

[0131] In one embodiment, x is 0.

[0132] In one embodiment, x is an integer from 1 to 500, preferably from 1 to 300, more preferably from 1 to 100, even more preferably from 5 to 50, and even more preferably from 10 to 30.

[0133] y is an integer between 0 and 500, preferably between 0 and 300, more preferably between 0 and 100, even more preferably between 1 and 100, even more preferably between 5 and 50, and even more preferably between 10 and 30.

[0134] In one embodiment, y is 0.

[0135] In one embodiment, y is an integer from 1 to 500, preferably from 1 to 300, more preferably from 1 to 100, even more preferably from 5 to 50, and even more preferably from 10 to 30.

[0136] z is an integer between 0 and 500, preferably between 0 and 300, more preferably between 0 and 100, even more preferably between 1 and 100, even more preferably between 5 and 50, and even more preferably between 10 and 30.

[0137] In one embodiment, z is 0.

[0138] In one embodiment, z is an integer from 1 to 500, preferably from 1 to 300, more preferably from 1 to 100, even more preferably from 5 to 50, and even more preferably from 10 to 30.

[0139] In one embodiment, y is 0 and z is 0.

[0140] In another embodiment, x is 0 and y is 0.

[0141] In yet another embodiment, x is 0 and z is 0.

[0142] The above-mentioned divalent siloxane-containing group may be a random polymer or a block polymer.

[0143] R 12a Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group. 12a The hydrocarbon group in this can preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0144] The alkyl group described above may be linear or branched. The alkyl group described above is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-4 It is an alkyl group. The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0145] The above aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The above aryl is preferably C 6-20 Aryl group, more preferably C 6-10 It is an aryl group. The above aryl group is particularly preferably a phenyl group.

[0146] R 12a Preferably an alkyl group, more compared to C 1-4 It is an alkyl group. C 1-4 It is an alkyl group.

[0147] R 12a C in 1-4 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. 1-4 The alkyl group is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0148] R 12a The group is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0149] R Ar It is a divalent aromatic group.

[0150] The above-mentioned divalent aromatic group is not particularly limited as long as it is a divalent group that has aromatic properties.

[0151] The above-mentioned divalent aromatic group may be either an aromatic hydrocarbon group or a heteroaromatic group. The aromatic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The polycyclic aromatic group may be a group in which two rings are fused, a group in which two or more rings are bonded together, for example by a single bond, or a combination thereof.

[0152] The total number of ring members of the above-mentioned divalent aromatic group may be 6 to 30, preferably 6 to 24, more preferably 6 to 20, even more preferably 6 to 14, and particularly preferably 6 to 12.

[0153] In one embodiment, R Ar C 6-20 It is an arylene group.

[0154] In one embodiment, R Ar These can be expressed independently by the following equations.

[0155] [ka]

[0156] In one embodiment, R Ar This group may be an o-phenylene group, an m-phenylene group, a p-phenylene group, a 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene group, a 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene group, a 1,2-naphthylene group, a 1,4-naphthylene group, a 1,5-naphthylene group, a 9,10-anthrylene group, a 9,10-phenanthrylene group, or a 4,4'-biphenylylene group.

[0157] In a preferred embodiment, R Ar This is a phenylene group, particularly preferably a p-phenylene group.

[0158] The above-mentioned divalent aromatic group may have substituents. The number of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0159] In a preferred embodiment, R Ar This is an unsubstituted phenylene group.

[0160] γ1 is either 0 or 1. In one embodiment, γ1 is 0. In one embodiment, γ1 is 1.

[0161] γ2 is either 0 or 1, and in one embodiment, γ2 is 0. In one embodiment, γ2 is 1.

[0162] γ3 is either 0 or 1, and in one embodiment, γ3 is 0. In one embodiment, γ2 is 1.

[0163] In one embodiment, R A1 This is the following formula (A5): R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- [In formula: R 13a C 1-12 It is an alkyl group, R 14a Each of them is independent of C 1-12 It is an alkyl group, n is between 1 and 1500. It is a base represented by .

[0164] R 13a C in 1-12 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-12 The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-12 Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-12 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-3 Alkyl groups, more preferably methyl or ethyl groups, and particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0165] R 14a C in 1-12 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-12The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-12 Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-12 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-3 Alkyl groups, more preferably methyl or ethyl groups, and particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0166] n is 1 to 1500, preferably 1 to 500, more preferably 1 to 10, and even more preferably 1 or 2.

[0167] In one embodiment, n is 10 to 500, more preferably 10 to 100.

[0168] In a preferred embodiment, R 13a is methyl, and R 14a is methyl, and n is either 1 or 2.

[0169] In one embodiment, R A1 This may be a monovalent organic group that contains one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0170] In one embodiment, R A1 The formula is as follows: -SiR 15a 3 [In formula: R 15a Each of them is independent of C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, or -SiR 16a 3, R 16a Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkyl group. It is a base represented by .

[0171] R 15a C in 1-6 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-6 The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-6Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-6 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-4 It is an alkyl group.

[0172] R 16a C in 1-12 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-12 The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-12 Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-12 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-3 Alkyl groups, more preferably methyl or ethyl groups, and particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0173] The above SiR 15a 3 is preferably -Si(CH3)3, -Si(CH2CH3)3, -Si(CH(CH3)2)3, -Si(CH3)(CH3)(C(CH3)3)), -Si(Si(CH3)3, or -Si(Si(CH2CH3)3).

[0174] R 13a C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or one of the A or B groups described below. Groups A and B are given by the following formula: [ka] [In formula: R 51 These are, independently, -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma -R 53 It is a base represented by, R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R 51’ R 51It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. R 54 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer between 1 and 5. z is either 0 or 1. It is the base that represents [something].

[0175] In one embodiment, R 13a C 1-12 It is an alkyl group.

[0176] R 7a C in 1-12 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-12 The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-12 Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-12 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-3 Alkyl groups, more preferably methyl or ethyl groups, and particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0177] In one embodiment, R 13a This is a phenyl group.

[0178] Such phenyl group may have substituents. The number of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0179] In a preferred embodiment, R 13a This is an unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0180] In one embodiment, R 13a It is either an A group or a B group. [ka] [In formula: R 51 These are, independently, -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma -R 53 It is a base represented by, R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R 51’ R 51 It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. R 54 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer between 1 and 5. z is either 0 or 1.

[0181] (A group) R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma It is a base represented by -.

[0182] R 61 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0183] R 61 C in 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched. 1-6The alkylene group is preferably C 1-4 Alkylene group, more preferably C 2-4 It may be an alkylene group.

[0184] In one embodiment, R 61 is an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0185] In one embodiment, R 61 This is an oxygen atom.

[0186] In one embodiment, some R 61 It is an oxygen atom, and the other R 61 is C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0187] R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ That is the case.

[0188] R 53 The hydrocarbon group in the above-mentioned compound may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0189] The alkyl group described above may be linear or branched. The alkyl group described above is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-4 It is an alkyl group. The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0190] The above aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The above aryl is preferably C 6-20 Aryl group, more preferably C 6-10 It is an aryl group. The above aryl group is particularly preferably a phenyl group.

[0191] R 53 Preferably an alkyl group, more compared to C 1-4 It is an alkyl group.

[0192] R 51’ R 51 This is synonymous with R 51’ R 53 -(SiR 53 20) ma - However, R 51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, preferably 10 or less, more preferably 6 or less, and even more preferably 3 or less.

[0193] In one embodiment, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ That is the case.

[0194] In a preferred embodiment, R 53 Each of these is, independently, a hydrocarbon group.

[0195] In one embodiment, R 53 R 53’ -(SiR 53’ 2-R 61’ ) ma’ - [In formula: R 53’ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma -and, at least one R 53’ R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma -and, R 53 These are, independently or as hydrocarbon groups, R 61 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. R 61’ Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of the variables 'ma' is an independent integer between 1 and 5. That is the case.

[0196] In another embodiment, in one embodiment, R 53 R 53’ -(SiR 53’ 2-R 61’ ) ma’ - [In formula: R 53’ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 53” -(SiR 53” 2-R 61” ) ma” -and, at least one R 53’ R 53” -(SiR 53” 2-R 61” ) ma” -and, R 53” Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma -and, at least one R 53” R 53 -(SiR 52 2-R 61 ) ma -and, R 53 These are, independently or as hydrocarbon groups, R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. R 61” Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each "ma" is an independent integer between 1 and 5. R 61’ Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, Each of the variables 'ma' is an independent integer between 1 and 5. That is the case.

[0197] Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5, preferably 1 or 2.

[0198] R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0199] R 52 The hydrocarbon group in the above-mentioned compound may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0200] The alkyl group described above may be linear or branched. The alkyl group described above is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-4 It is an alkyl group. The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0201] The above aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The above aryl is preferably C 6-20 Aryl group, more preferably C 6-10 It is an aryl group. The above aryl group is particularly preferably a phenyl group.

[0202] R 52 Preferably an alkyl group, more compared to C 1-4 It is an alkyl group.

[0203] na is an integer between 1 and 3. In one embodiment, na is 2. In another embodiment, na is 3. Note that R 51’ If it exists, na is (R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma Each is selected independently.

[0204] z is either 0 or 1. In one embodiment, z is 0. In another embodiment, z is 1.

[0205] In a preferred embodiment, in group A, R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(SiR 53 2-R 61 ) ma - is a base represented by R 61 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 Alkylene group, preferably oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C 1-4 It is an alkyl group, ma is either 1 or 2. R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C 1-4 It is an alkyl group, na is either 1 or 2.

[0206] Examples of group A include, but are not limited to, the following groups: [ka]

[0207] [ka]

[0208] [ka]

[0209] (B group) R 54 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group.

[0210] R 54 The hydrocarbon group in the above-mentioned compound may preferably be an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0211] The alkyl group described above may be linear or branched. The alkyl group described above is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-4 It is an alkyl group. The alkyl group is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, or a tert-butyl group.

[0212] The above aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The above aryl is preferably C 6-20 Aryl group, more preferably C 6-10 The aryl group is, in particular, a phenyl group.

[0213] R 54 Preferably an alkyl group, more compared to C 1-4 It is an alkyl group.

[0214] nb is an integer between 1 and 5, preferably 2 or 3.

[0215] In a preferred embodiment, in group B, R 54 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, preferably C 1-4 It is an alkyl group, nb is either 2 or 3.

[0216] Examples of group B include, but are not limited to, the following groups: [ka]

[0217] R 8a C in 1-12 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-12 The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-12 Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-12 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-3Alkyl groups, more preferably methyl or ethyl groups, and particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0218] n may be 0 to 1500, preferably 0 to 1500, more preferably 0 to 500, and even more preferably 0 to 10. In one embodiment, n may be preferably 1 to 1500, more preferably 1 to 500, and even more preferably 1 to 10. n is even more preferably 0, 1, or 2.

[0219] In one embodiment, n is 10 to 500, more preferably 10 to 100.

[0220] na is independently either 0 or 1. In one embodiment, n is 0. In another embodiment, n is 1.

[0221] R 14a Each of them is independent of C 1-12 It is an alkyl group or a phenyl group.

[0222] In one embodiment, R 14a Each of these is independently a phenyl group.

[0223] Such phenyl group may have substituents. The number of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0224] In a preferred embodiment, R 14a This is an unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0225] R 14a C in 1-12 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-12 The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-12 Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-12 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-3Alkyl groups, more preferably methyl or ethyl groups, and particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0226] n is 1 to 1500, preferably 1 to 500, more preferably 1 to 10, and even more preferably 1 or 2.

[0227] In one embodiment, n is 10 to 500, more preferably 10 to 100.

[0228] In a preferred embodiment, R 13a is methyl, and R 14a is methyl, and n is either 1 or 2.

[0229] In a preferred embodiment, R A1 This is the following formula (A4') or (A5'): R 11a - (A4') R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- (A5') [In formula (A4'), R 11a The following is a basic A: [ka] [In formula: R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma - is a base represented by R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R 51’ R 51 It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R51 Medium, R 51’ The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. z is either 0 or 1. It is a base represented by; In formula (A5'), R 13a C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, R 14a Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 1500. It can be a base represented by [this].

[0230] X A This is the part that mainly provides functions such as water repellency and abrasion resistance (R A1 ) and a silane portion (R) that provides bonding ability with the substrate. Si It is understood to be a linker that connects ) and . Therefore, X A This is not particularly limited as long as the silane compound represented by formula (1) can exist stably.

[0231] X A This represents a single bond or a group with 2 to 10 valencies.

[0232] In one embodiment, X A These are -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, and -NR, respectively, and are independent of each other. 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R S It is a 2- to 10-valent base, for example, a 2 or 3-valent base, where x is an integer from 1 to 20.

[0233] X APreferably, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R S It is a 2- to 10-valent group containing R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, R S The formula is as follows: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R 75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. A group represented by is an example. That is, the above silane compound is X A However, it may contain compounds that are the above-mentioned groups.

[0234] R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group. 41 C in 1-6 The alkyl group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-6 The alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C1-6 Alkyl groups are branched chains. (See above C) 1-6 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-4 Alkyl alkyl groups, more C 1-3 Alkyl groups, more preferably methyl or ethyl groups, and particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0235] R 41 The oxyalkylene-containing group in this context is a group containing -O-alkylene-, and typically, C 1-10 It may be an oxyalkylene-containing group. 1-10 The oxyalkylene-containing group is -OC 1-10 It is a group containing alkylene-, for example, -R 55 -(-OC 1-10 Alkilen) n -R 56 (In the formula, R 55 This is a single bond or a divalent organic group, preferably C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, where n is any integer, preferably an integer from 2 to 10, and R 56 This is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, preferably C 1-6 It is an alkyl group. The alkylene group may be linear or branched.

[0236] In one embodiment, R 41 This is a hydrogen atom.

[0237] In one embodiment, R 41 C 1-6 An alkyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0238] X A The formula is as follows: -(X 121 ) a0 -X 110 -[(X 111 ) a1 -(X 112 ) a2 ]- [In formula: X 121 R 161 b1 R 1623-b1 C-, R 163 b2 R 164 3-b2 Si- or R 165 It is 2N-, R 161 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 162 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 163 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 164 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 165 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. b1 is either 2 or 3. b2 is either 2 or 3. X 110 This is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms. X 111 These are single bonds or divalent organic groups, X 112 -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R S And, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, R S The formula is as follows: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R 75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by, a0 is either 0 or 1. a1 is an integer between 1 and 5. a2 is an integer between 0 and 5. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by a1 or a2 and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. A base represented by, or Expression(X A1 ): [ka] [where, X a Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent linking group. It is a group represented by X. A The base is R on the left side. A1又は R A2 Combined, the right side is R Si Combine. It is preferable that the group is represented by .

[0239] X 121 R 161 b1 R 162 3-b1 C-, R 163 b2 R 164 3-b2 Si- or R 165 It is 2N-.

[0240] R 161 It is a divalent organic group.

[0241] R 161 Preferably, C 1-6Alkylene group, -(CH2) f1 -O-(CH2) f2 -(wherein f1 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and f2 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) f3 -Phenylene-(CH2) f4 -(wherein f3 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and f4 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6 The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0242] In a preferred embodiment, R 161 C 1-6 Alkylene group or -(CH2) f3 -Phenylene-(CH2) f4 -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) f4 - is

[0243] In another preferred embodiment, R 161 C 1-3 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, R 161 It can be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, R 161 It can be -CH2CH2-.

[0244] R 162 This is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.

[0245] In one embodiment, R 162 This is a hydrogen atom.

[0246] In another embodiment, R 162 It is a monovalent organic group.

[0247] R 162In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0248] b1 is either 2 or 3. In one embodiment, b1 is 2. In another embodiment, b1 is 3.

[0249] R 63 It is a divalent organic group.

[0250] R 63 Preferably, C 1-6 Alkylene group, -(CH2) g1 -O-(CH2) g2 -(wherein g1 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and g2 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) g3 -Phenylene-(CH2) g4 -(wherein g3 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and g4 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6 The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0251] In a preferred embodiment, R 163 C 1-6 Alkylene group or -(CH2) g3 -Phenylene-(CH2) g4 -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) g4 - is

[0252] In another preferred embodiment, R 163 C 1-3 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, R 163It can be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, R 163 It can be -CH2CH2-.

[0253] R 164 This is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.

[0254] In one embodiment, R 164 This is a hydrogen atom.

[0255] In another embodiment, R 164 It is a monovalent organic group.

[0256] R 164 In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0257] b2 is either 2 or 3. In one embodiment, b2 is 2. In another embodiment, b2 is 3.

[0258] R 65 It is a divalent organic group.

[0259] R 165 Preferably, C 1-6 Alkylene group, -(CH2) h1 -O-(CH2) h2 -(wherein h1 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and h2 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) h3 -Phenylene-(CH2) h4 -(wherein h3 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and h4 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0260] In a preferred embodiment, R 165 C 1-6 Alkylene group or -(CH2) h3 -Phenylene-(CH2) h4 -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) h4 - is

[0261] In another preferred embodiment, R 165 C 1-3 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, R 165 It can be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, R 165 It can be -CH2CH2-.

[0262] In one embodiment, X 121 R 161 b1 R 162 3-b1 It is C-.

[0263] In one embodiment, X 121 R 163 b2 R 164 3-b2 It is Si-.

[0264] In one embodiment, X 121 R 165 It is 2N-.

[0265] X 110 This is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms.

[0266] X 110The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X10 is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3 or more, even more preferably 6 or more, more preferably 10 or more, even more preferably 12 or more, for example 16 or more, 18 or more, or 22 or more. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X10 is preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 24 or less. 110 The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is preferably 3 to 60, more preferably 6 to 40, and even more preferably 10 to 30.

[0267] X 110 The alkylene group in the product may be linear or branched. The alkylene group is preferably linear.

[0268] X 111 These are single-bonded or divalent organic groups.

[0269] The above-mentioned divalent organic group is preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group.

[0270] X 111 The hydrocarbon group in is preferably C 1-30 It is a hydrocarbon group.

[0271] The above hydrocarbon group may preferably be an alkylene group or an arylene group.

[0272] The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. The alkylene group is preferably C 1-30 It may be an alkylene group.

[0273] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C 1-10 Alkylene group, C 1-8 Alkylene group, C 1-6 Alkylene group, C 2-10 Alkylene group, C 2-8 Alkylene group, or C 2-6 It may be an alkylene group.

[0274] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C 11-30 It may be an alkylene group. The number of carbon atoms in such an alkylene group is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 16 or more, even more preferably 18 or more, and even more preferably 22 or more. 111 The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X is preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 24 or less. 1 and X 10 The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is preferably 11 to 60, more preferably 12 to 40, and even more preferably 16 to 30.

[0275] The above arylene group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The above arylene is preferably C 6-20 Arylene group, more preferably C 6-10 It is an arylene group. The above arylene group is particularly preferably a phenylene group.

[0276] In one embodiment, X 111 teeth, -X 113 -X 112 -X 114 - [In formula: X 113 is an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C j H 2j ) k1 -(OC j H 2j ) k2 (In the formula, j is an integer between 1 and 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer between 1 and 20.) X 112 -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, or -S-, preferably -CO-, -NR 41-, -CONR 41 -, or -NR 41 CO-, moreover-CONR 41 - or -NR 41 CO-, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom, X 114 This is a single bond or an alkylene group. It is a base represented by .

[0277] X 113 is an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C j H 2j ) k1 -(OC j H 2j ) k2 (In the formula, j is an integer between 1 and 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer between 1 and 20.)

[0278] The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. The alkylene group is preferably C 1-30 It may be an alkylene group.

[0279] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C 1-10 Alkylene group, C 1-8 Alkylene group, C 1-6 Alkylene group, C 2-10 Alkylene group, C 2-8 Alkylene group, or C 2-6 It may be an alkylene group.

[0280] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C 11-30 It may be an alkylene group. The number of carbon atoms in such an alkylene group is preferably 12 or more, more preferably 16 or more, even more preferably 18 or more, and even more preferably 22 or more. 1 and X 10The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X is preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 24 or less. 1 and X 10 The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is preferably 11 to 60, more preferably 12 to 40, and even more preferably 16 to 30.

[0281] The above oxyalkylene group is the left end (R) of the above alkylene group. A1又は R A2 It is a group having an oxygen atom on the side, i.e., an -O-alkylene group.

[0282] j is an integer between 1 and 6, preferably between 2 and 4.

[0283] k1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0.

[0284] k2 is an integer between 1 and 20, preferably between 2 and 10, and more preferably between 2 and 6.

[0285] X 114 This is an alkylene group.

[0286] The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. The alkylene group is preferably C 1-30 Alkylene group, preferably C 1-10 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-8 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, for example, C 2-10 Alkylene group, C 2-8 Alkylene group, or C 2-6 It may be an alkylene group.

[0287] In one embodiment, X 111 teeth, -OR S -X 113 -X 112 -X 114 - [In formula: R SThe formula is as follows: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, a phenylene group or a naphthylene group, which may be substituted. R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R 75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by, X 112 -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, or -S-, preferably -CO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, or -NR 41 CO-, moreover-CONR 41 - or -NR 41 CO-, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom, X 113 is an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C j H 2j ) k1 -(OC j H 2j ) k2(In the formula, j is an integer between 1 and 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer between 1 and 20.) X 114 This is a single bond or an alkylene group. It is a base represented by .

[0288] In one embodiment, X 111 teeth, -X 115 -R S -X 113 -X 112 -X 114 - [In formula: R S The formula is as follows: [ka] [In formula: R 73 Each of them is independently a single bond, C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 74 Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Alkylene group, -R 76 -OR 76 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77-R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, -R 78 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 78 -, or -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -R 77 -R 79 -R 76 -R 79 -and, R 76 Each of them is independent of C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 77 These are, independently, a phenylene group or a naphthylene group, which may be substituted. R 78 Each of these is independently a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 79 Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R 75 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x+y+z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by, X 112 -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -NR 41 CO-, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 COO-, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, or -S-, preferably -CO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, or -NR41 CO-, moreover-CONR 41 - or -NR 41 CO-, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom, X 113 is an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C j H 2j ) k1 -(OC j H 2j ) k2 (In the formula, j is an integer between 1 and 6, k1 is 1 or 0, and k2 is an integer between 1 and 20.) X 114 These are single bonds or alkylene groups. X 115 is an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C p10 H 2p10 ) q1 -(OC p10 H 2p10 ) q2 (In the formula, p10 is an integer between 1 and 6, q1 is 1 or 0, and q2 is an integer between 1 and 20.) It is a base represented by .

[0289] X 115 is an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group, or -(C p H 2p ) q1 -(OC p H 2p ) q2 (In the formula, p is an integer between 1 and 6, q1 is 1 or 0, and q2 is an integer between 1 and 20.)

[0290] The alkylene group may be a straight chain or a branched chain. The alkylene group is preferably C 1-30 It may be an alkylene group.

[0291] In one embodiment, the alkylene group is, for example, C 1-10 Alkylene group, C1-8 Alkylene group, C 1-6 Alkylene group, C 2-10 Alkylene group, C 2-8 Alkylene group, or C 2-6 It may be an alkylene group.

[0292] The above oxyalkylene group is the left end (R) of the above alkylene group. A1又は R A2 It is a group having an oxygen atom on the side, i.e., an -O-alkylene group.

[0293] p10 is an integer between 1 and 6, preferably between 2 and 4.

[0294] q1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0.

[0295] q2 is an integer between 1 and 20, preferably between 2 and 10, and more preferably between 2 and 6.

[0296] In one embodiment, X A The following formula (X A1 ): [ka] [where, X a This refers to a single-bonded or divalent organic group. Examples of groups represented by

[0297] X a X is a single bond or a divalent linking group that is directly bonded to an isocyanuric ring. a Preferably, the group is a divalent group containing a single bond, an alkylene group, or at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, and a sulfide bond, and is a single bond, C 1-10 A divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable, which includes an alkylene group or at least one bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, and a sulfide bond.

[0298] X a The formula is as follows: -(CX 121 X 122 ) x1 -(X a1 ) y1 -(CX 123 X 124 ) z1 - (In the formula, X 121 ~X 124 These are H, OH, or -OSi(OR) respectively, independently. 121 )3(In the formula, three R 121 Each of them is independent of C 1-4 It is an alkyl group. The above X a1 These are -C(=O)NH-, -NHC(=O)-, -O-, -C(=O)O-, -OC(=O)-, -OC(=O)O-, -NH-, or -NHC(=O)NH- (where the left side of each bond is CX). 121 X 122 It joins to ( ). x1 is an integer between 0 and 10, y1 is either 0 or 1, and z1 is an integer between 1 and 10. A group represented by is even more preferable.

[0299] The above X a1 -O- or -C(=O)O- are preferred.

[0300] The above X a The formula is as follows: -(CH2) m12 -O-(CH2) m13 - (In the formula, m12 is an integer between 1 and 3, and m13 is an integer between 1 and 3.) A base represented by -(CH2) m15 -O-CH2CH(OH)-(CH2) m16 - (In the formula, m15 is an integer between 1 and 3, and m16 is an integer between 1 and 3.) A base represented by -(CH2) m18 - (In the formula, m18 is an integer between 1 and 3.) A base represented by -(CH2) m20 -O-CH2CH(OSi(OCH3)3)-(CH2) m21 - (In the formula, m20 is an integer between 1 and 3, and m21 is an integer between 1 and 3.) A group represented by is particularly preferred.

[0301] The above X a While not particularly limited, specifically, -CH2-, -C2H4-, -C3H6-, -C4H8-, -C4H8-O-CH2-, -CO-O-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-, -S-, -NR 121 -,-(CH2) m22 -C(=O)-O-(CH2) m23 -,-(CH2) m22 -OC(=O)-(CH2) m23 -,-(CH2) m22 -C(=O)-NR 121 -(CH2) m23 -,-(CH2) m22 -NR 121 -C(=O)-(CH2) m23 -CH2OCH2CH(OSi(OCH3)3)CH2- (In the formula, R 121 is a hydrogen atom or C 1-6 It is a hydrocarbon chain, where m22 is an integer between 1 and 10, and m23 is an integer between 1 and 10.

[0302] In another preferred embodiment, X A Each of these can independently be a divalent organic group containing an alkylene group having 7 or more carbon atoms. More preferably, X A Each of these can independently be a divalent organic group containing an alkylene group with 11 or more carbon atoms. More preferably, X A These are, independently, alkylene groups and -CO-, -COO-, and -NR groups. 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41-, -CON=, -O-, or -S- may further be a divalent organic group. More preferably, X A The formula is as follows: -X 10B -X 11B -X 12B - [In formula: X 10B This is an alkylene group having 11 or more carbon atoms. X 11B These are single bonds, -CO-, -COO-, and -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, -S-, -O-(CH2) x -CONR 41 -, or -O-(CH2) x -CO-, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, x is an integer between 1 and 20. X 12B is a single bond, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group. It is a base represented by .

[0303] X A and X 10B The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X is preferably 12 or more, more preferably 16 or more, even more preferably 18 or more, and even more preferably 22 or more. A and X 10B The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group in X is preferably 60 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 24 or less. A and X 10B The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is preferably 11 to 60, more preferably 12 to 40, and even more preferably 16 to 30.

[0304] X A and X 10BThe alkylene group in the product may be linear or branched. The alkylene group is preferably linear.

[0305] X 10B Preferably -CO-, -COO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, -OCONR 41 -, -NR 41 -CO-NR 41 -, -O-, -S-, -O-(CH2) x -CONR 41 -, or -O-(CH2) x -CO-, and more preferably -CO-, -CONR 41 -, or -OCONR 41 -, more-CONR 41 - is R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 This represents an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom, and x is an integer from 1 to 20.

[0306] In one embodiment, X 12B It is a single bond.

[0307] In another embodiment, X 12B is, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group.

[0308] X 12B In or C 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched. In one embodiment, the above C 1-6 The alkylene group is linear. In another embodiment, the above C 1-6 The alkylene group is a branched chain. (See above C) 1-6 The alkylene group is preferably C 1-4 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-3 It is an alkylene group.

[0309] In one embodiment, X A The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is, respectively, R SiIt is more than the number of Si atoms inside. A or X B The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is R Si By increasing the number of Si atoms within the surface, the frictional durability of the resulting surface treatment layer can be further enhanced.

[0310] In a preferred embodiment, X A The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is R Si The number of Si atoms inside may be 2.5 times or more, preferably 3.0 times or more, and more preferably 3.5 times or more. Also, X A The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is R Si The number of Si atoms inside may be preferably 50 times or less, for example, 30 times or less, 20 times or less, or 10 times or less.

[0311] In one embodiment, X A The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is R Si It is more than the number of atoms in the main chain. A The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is R Si By increasing the number of atoms in the main chain to a greater number, the frictional durability of the resulting surface-treated layer can be increased.

[0312] In a preferred embodiment, X A The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is, respectively, R Si The number of atoms in the main chain can be 2.0 times or more, preferably 2.5 times or more, more preferably 3.0 times or more, and even more preferably 4.0 times or more. Also, X A The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group inside is R Si The number of atoms in the main chain may be preferably 30 times or less, for example, 20 times or less, 10 times or less, or 6.0 times or less.

[0313] Here, R Si The main chain inside is X A R that joins Si This refers to the atomic chain with the largest number of atoms (excluding hydrogen atoms) from the Si atoms within it. For example, R SiThe number of atoms in the main chain is 4 in the case of Si(CH3)3OSi(CH3)2-, and R Si The number of atoms in the main chain is 6 in the case of Si(CH3)3OSi(CH3)3OSi(CH3)2- and 3 in the case of Si(Si(CH3)3)3-.

[0314] R Si This is a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is bonded.

[0315] R Si This is expressed by the following formulas (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4), or (S5): [ka] [In formula: R 11 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 12 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n1 is (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. X 11 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 13 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Each t is an independent integer greater than or equal to 2. R 14 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or -X 11 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 And, R 15 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, and C 1-6 Alkylene group or C 1-6 It is an alkylene oxy group, R a1 These are, independently, -Z 1 -SiR 21p1 R 22 q1 R 23 r1 and; Z 1 These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R 21 These are, independently, -Z 1’ -SiR 21’ p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ and; R 22 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 23 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, p1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. Each q1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Each r1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. Z 1’ These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R 21’ These are, independently, -Z 1” -SiR 22” q1” R 23” r1” and; R 22’ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 23’ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, p1' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Each of q1' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. r1' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Z 1” These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R 22” Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 23” Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, Each of q1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. Each of r1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. R b1 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R c1 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, k1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. l1 are all independent integers between 0 and 3. Each m1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. However, in formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, R d1 These are, independently, -Z 2 -CR 31 p2 R 32 q2 R 33 r2 And, Z 2 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. R 31 These are, independently, -Z 2’ -CR 32’ q2’ R 33’ r2’ And, R 32 These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 And, R 33 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. p2 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. Each of the q2 values ​​is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Each of the r2 values ​​is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Z 2’ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. R 32’These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 And, R 33’ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. q2' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. r2' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Z 3 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group; R 34 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 35 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. R e1 These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 And, R f1 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. k2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. l2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. Each of the m2 values ​​is an independent integer between 0 and 3. However, in formula (S4), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, R g1 and R h1 These are, independently, -Z 4 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 , -Z 4 -SiR a1 k1 R b1 l1 R c1 m1 , or -Z 4 -CRd1 k2 R e1 l2 R f1 m2 And, Z 4 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. However, in formula (S5), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded. It is preferable that the group is represented by .

[0316] In the above formula, R 11 These are, independently, hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[0317] R 11 Preferably, each of these is independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0318] R 11 Preferably, each is independently -OR h , -OCOR h , -ON=CR h 2. -NR h 2, -NHR h , -NCO, or halogen (wherein R in these formulas) h C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 (representing an alkyl group), more preferably OR h (That is, an alkoxy group). h Examples include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl groups. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R h is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R h This is an ethyl group.

[0319] In the above formula, R 12 These are each independently monovalent organic groups. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the hydrolyzable groups mentioned above.

[0320] R 12 In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0321] In the above formula, n1 is (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. However, in equation (S1), n1 is between 1 and 3 (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 There are at least two units. In other words, in formula (S1), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is attached.

[0322] n1 is (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 Each unit is independently an integer, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably between 2 and 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0323] In the above formula, X 11 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. Such a divalent organic group is preferably -R 28 -O x -R 29 -(In the formula, R 28 and R 29 Each of these is independently a single bond or C 1-20 It is an alkylene group, and x is 0 or 1. 1-20 The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. 1-20 The alkylene group is preferably C 1-10 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-6 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-3 It is an alkylene group.

[0324] In one embodiment, X11 These are, independently, -C 1-6 Alkylene-OC 1-6 Alkilen- or -OC 1-6 It is alkylene-.

[0325] In a preferred embodiment, X 11 Each of these is independently a single bond or a linear chain of carbon atoms. 1-6 An alkylene group, preferably a single bond or a linear C bond. 1-3 Alkylene group, more preferably single bond or linear carbon 1-2 An alkylene group, more preferably a linear carbon group. 1-2 It is an alkylene group.

[0326] In the above formula, R 13 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group.

[0327] In a preferred embodiment, R 13 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a linear C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a linear C 1-3 The alkyl group is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

[0328] In the above formula, R 15 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, and C 1-6 Alkylene group or C 1-6 It is an alkylene oxy group.

[0329] In one embodiment, R 15 These are, independently, an oxygen atom and a C atom. 1-6 Alkylene group or C 1-6 It is an alkylene oxy group.

[0330] In a preferred embodiment, R 15 It is a single bond.

[0331] In the above equations, each t is an independent integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0332] In a preferred embodiment, t is an integer between 2 and 10, preferably between 2 and 6, independently of each other.

[0333] In the above formula, R 14 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or -X 11 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 The halogen atom is preferably an iodine atom or a chlorine atom. In a preferred embodiment, R 14 This is a hydrogen atom.

[0334] In one embodiment, equation (S1) is given by the following equation (S1-a). [ka] [In the formula, R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , X 11 , and n1 have the same meaning as described in the above formula (S1), t1 and t2 are each independent integers of 1 or more, preferably integers from 1 to 10, more preferably integers from 2 to 10, for example, integers from 1 to 5 or integers from 2 to 5. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by t1 and t2 and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression.

[0335] In a preferred embodiment, formula (S1) is the following formula (S1-b). [ka] [In the formula, R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , X 11 n1 and t have the same meaning as described in the above formula (S1).

[0336] R a1 These are, independently, -Z 1 -SiR 21p1 R 22 q1 R 23 r1 That is the case.

[0337] Z 1 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. (Note: Z follows) 1 The structure described as follows is (SiR 21 p1 R 22 q1 R 23 r1 ) is joined to it.

[0338] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1 It is a divalent organic group.

[0339] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1 is, Z 1 It does not contain any element that forms a siloxane bond with the Si atom to which it is bonded. Preferably, in formula (S2), (Si-Z 1 -Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0340] Z 1 Preferably, C 1-30 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z1 -O-(CH2) z2 -(wherein z1 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z2 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z3 -Phenylene-(CH2) z4 -(wherein z3 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and z4 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-30 The alkylene group is more preferably C 1-20 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-15 These are alkylene groups, which may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0341] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1 C 1-20 Alkylene group or -(CH2) z3 -Phenylene-(CH2) z4 -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) z4 - is

[0342] In another preferred embodiment, Z 1 C 1-20 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z 1 This could be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 1 This could be -CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 1 is used GOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- ≠

[0343] R 21 These are, independently, -Z 1’ -SiR 21’ p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ That is the case.

[0344] Z 1’ Each of these is independently an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. (Note: Z follows) 1’ The structure described as follows is (SiR 21’ p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ ) is joined to it.

[0345] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1’ It is a divalent organic group.

[0346] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1’ is, Z 1’It does not contain any element that forms a siloxane bond with the Si atom to which it is bonded. Preferably, in formula (S2), (Si-Z 1’ -Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0347] Z 1’ Preferably, C 1-15 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z1’ -O-(CH2) z2’ -(wherein z1' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z2' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z3’ -Phenylene-(CH2) z4’ -(wherein z3' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6, and z4' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6). Such C 1-30 The alkylene group is more preferably C 1-20 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-15 These are alkylene groups, which may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6 The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0348] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1’ C 1-20 Alkylene group or -(CH2) z3’ -Phenylene-(CH2) z4’ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) z4’ - is

[0349] In another preferred embodiment, Z 1’ C 1-20 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z 1’ This could be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 1’ This could be -CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 1’is used GOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- ≠

[0350] The above R 21’ These are, independently, -Z 1” -SiR 22” q1” R 23” r1” That is the case.

[0351] The above Z 1” Each of these is independently an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group. (Note: Z follows) 1” The structure described as follows is (SiR 22” q1” R 23” r1” ) is joined to it.

[0352] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1” It is a divalent organic group.

[0353] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1” is, Z 1” It does not contain any element that forms a siloxane bond with the Si atom to which it is bonded. Preferably, in formula (S2), (Si-Z 1” -Si) does not contain a siloxane bond.

[0354] Z 1” Preferably, C 1-15 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z1” -O-(CH2) z2” -(wherein z1'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z2'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z3” -Phenylene-(CH2) z4” -(wherein z3'' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6, and z4'' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6). Such C 1-6 The alkylene group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C2-6 The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0355] In a preferred embodiment, Z 1” C 1-20 Alkylene group or -(CH2) z3” -Phenylene-(CH2) z4” -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) z4” - is Z 1” If the group is such that it can have higher light resistance, especially UV resistance.

[0356] In another preferred embodiment, Z 1” C 1-20 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z 1” This could be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 1” This could be -CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 1” is used GOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- ≠

[0357] The above R 22” These are, independently, hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[0358] The above R 22” Preferably, each of these is independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0359] The above R 22” Preferably, each is independently -OR h , -OCOR h , -ON=CR h 2. -NR h 2, -NHR h , or -NCO (wherein R in these formulas) h C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 (representing an alkyl group), more preferably OR h (That is, an alkoxy group). hExamples include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl groups. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R h is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R h This is an ethyl group.

[0360] R 23” These are each independently monovalent organic groups. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the hydrolyzable groups mentioned above.

[0361] R 23” In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0362] Each of q1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3, and each of r1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. The sum of q1'' and r1'' is (SiR 22” q1” R 23” r1” In units of 3, it is 3.

[0363] q1” is (SiR 22” q1” R 23” r1” Each unit is independently an integer, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably between 2 and 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0364] R 22’ These are, independently, hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[0365] R 22’ Preferably, each of these is independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0366] R 22’ Preferably, each is independently -ORh , -OCOR h , -ON=CR h 2. -NR h 2, -NHR h , or -NCO (wherein R in these formulas) h C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 (representing an alkyl group), more preferably OR h (That is, an alkoxy group). h Examples include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl groups. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R h is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R h This is an ethyl group.

[0367] R 23’ These are each independently monovalent organic groups. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the hydrolyzable groups mentioned above.

[0368] R 23’ In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0369] p1' are independent integers between 0 and 3, q1' are independent integers between 0 and 3, and r1' are independent integers between 0 and 3. The sum of p', q1', and r1' is (SiR 21’ p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ In units of 3, it is 3.

[0370] In one embodiment, p1' is 0.

[0371] In one embodiment, p1' is (SiR 21’p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ Each unit may independently be an integer from 1 to 3, an integer from 2 to 3, or 3. In a preferred embodiment, p1' is 3.

[0372] In one embodiment, q1' is (SiR 21’ p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ Each unit is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably between 2 and 3, and more preferably 3.

[0373] In one embodiment, p1' is 0 and q1' is (SiR 21’ p1’ R 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ Each unit is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably between 2 and 3, and more preferably 3.

[0374] R 22 These are, independently, hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[0375] R 22 Preferably, each of these is independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0376] R 22 Preferably, each is independently -OR h , -OCOR h , -ON=CR h 2. -NR h 2, -NHR h , or -NCO (wherein R in these formulas) h C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 (representing an alkyl group), more preferably OR h (That is, an alkoxy group). hExamples include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl groups. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R h is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R h This is an ethyl group.

[0377] The above R 23 These are each independently monovalent organic groups. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the hydrolyzable groups mentioned above.

[0378] R 23 In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0379] Each of the above p1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3, each of the q1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3, and each of the r1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. Note that the sum of p1, q1 and r1 is (SiR 21 p1 R 22 q1 R 23 r1 In units of 3, it is 3.

[0380] In one embodiment, p1 is 0.

[0381] In one embodiment, p1 is (SiR 21 p1 R 22 q1 R 23 r1 Each unit may independently be an integer from 1 to 3, an integer from 2 to 3, or 3. In a preferred embodiment, p1 is 3.

[0382] In one mode, q1 is (SiR 21 p1 R22 q1 R 23 r1 Each unit is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably between 2 and 3, and more preferably 3.

[0383] In one embodiment, p1 is 0 and q1 is (SiR 21 p1 R 22 q1 R 23 r1 Each unit is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably between 2 and 3, and more preferably 3.

[0384] In the formula, R b1 These are, independently, hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[0385] R b1 Preferably, each of these is independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0386] R b1 Preferably, each is independently -OR h , -OCOR h , -ON=CR h 2. -NR h 2, -NHR h , or -NCO (wherein R in these formulas) h C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 (representing an alkyl group), more preferably OR h (That is, an alkoxy group). h Examples include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl groups. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R h is a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R h This is an ethyl group.

[0387] In the formula, R c1These are each independently monovalent organic groups. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the hydrolyzable groups mentioned above.

[0388] R c1 In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0389] k1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3, l1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3, and m1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. The sum of k1, l1, and m1 is (SiR a1 k1 R b1 l1 R c1 m1 In units of 3, it is 3.

[0390] In one embodiment, k1 is (SiR a1 k1 R b1 l1 R c1 m1 Each unit is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3. In a preferred embodiment, k1 is 3.

[0391] In formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded.

[0392] In a preferred embodiment, at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded are present at the terminal portion of formula (S3).

[0393] In a preferred embodiment, the group represented by formula (S3) is -Z 1 -SiR 22 q1 R 23 r1 (In the formula, q1 is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1 is an integer between 0 and 2.) -Z 1’-SiR 22’ q1’ R 23’ r1’ (In the formula, q1' is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1' is an integer between 0 and 2.) or -Z 1” -SiR 22” q1” R 23” r1” (wherein the formula, q1'' is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and r1'' is an integer between 0 and 2.) Z 1 , Z 1’ , Z 1” , R 22 , R 23 , R 22’ , R 23’ , R 22” , and R 23” This is synonymous with the above.

[0394] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), R 21’ If present, at least one, preferably all R 21’ In this, q1'' is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3.

[0395] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), R 21 If present, at least one, preferably all R 21 In this case, p1' is 0, and q1' is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3.

[0396] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), R a1 If present, at least one, preferably all R a1 In this case, p1 is 0, and q1 is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3.

[0397] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S3), k1 is 2 or 3, preferably 3, p1 is 0, and q1 is 2 or 3, preferably 3.

[0398] R d1 These are, independently, -Z 2 -CR 31 p2 R 32 q2 R 33 r2 That is the case.

[0399] Z 2 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. (Note: Z follows) 2 The structure described as follows is (CR) on the right side. 31 p2 R 32 q2 R 33 r2 ) is joined to it.

[0400] In a preferred embodiment, Z 2 It is a divalent organic group.

[0401] In a preferred embodiment, Z 2 It does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0402] Z 2 Preferably, C 1-30 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z5 -O-(CH2) z6 -(wherein z5 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z6 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z7 -Phenylene-(CH2) z8 -(wherein z7 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and z8 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-30 The alkylene group is more preferably C 1-20 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-15 These are alkylene groups, which may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0403] In a preferred embodiment, Z 2 C 1-20 Alkylene group or -(CH2) z7 -Phenylene-(CH2) z8 -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) z8 - is Z 2 If the group is such that it can have higher light resistance, especially UV resistance.

[0404] In another preferred embodiment, the above Z 2 C 1-20 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z 2 This could be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 2 This could be -CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 2 is used GOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- ≠

[0405] R 31 These are, independently, -Z 2’ -CR 32’ q2’ R 33’ r2’ That is the case.

[0406] Z 2’ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. (Note: Z follows) 2’ The structure described as follows is (CR) on the right side. 32’ q2’ R 33’ r2’ ) is joined to it.

[0407] In a preferred embodiment, Z 2’ It does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0408] Z 2’ Preferably, C 1-30 Alkylene group, -(CH2)z5’ -O-(CH2) z6’ -(wherein z5' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z6' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z7’ -Phenylene-(CH2) z8’ -(wherein z7' is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and z8' is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-30 The alkylene group is more preferably C 1-20 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-15 These are alkylene groups, which may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6 The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0409] In a preferred embodiment, Z 2’ C 1-20 Alkylene group or -(CH2) z7’ -Phenylene-(CH2) z8’ -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) z8’ - is Z 2’ If the group is such that it can have higher light resistance, especially UV resistance.

[0410] In another preferred embodiment, the above Z 2’ C 1-20 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z 2 This could be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 2 This could be -CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 2 is used GOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- ≠

[0411] R 32’ These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R35 3-n2 That is the case.

[0412] Z 3 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. (Note: Z follows) 3 The structure described as follows is (SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 ) is joined to it.

[0413] In one embodiment, Z 3 It is an oxygen atom.

[0414] In one embodiment, Z 3 It is a divalent organic group.

[0415] In a preferred embodiment, Z 3 It does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0416] Z 3 Preferably, C 1-30 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z5” -O-(CH2) z6” -(wherein z5'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z6'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z7” -Phenylene-(CH2) z8” -(wherein z7'' is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and z8'' is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-30 The alkylene group is more preferably C 1-20 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-15 These are alkylene groups, which may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6 The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0417] In a preferred embodiment, Z3 C 1-20 Alkylene group or -(CH2) z7” -Phenylene-(CH2) z8” -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) z8” - is Z 3 If the group is such that it can have higher light resistance, especially UV resistance.

[0418] In another preferred embodiment, the above Z 3 C 1-20 In one embodiment, which is an alkylene group, Z 3 This could be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 3 This could be -CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 3 is used GOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- ≠

[0419] R 34 These are, independently, hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups.

[0420] R 34 Preferably, each of these is independently a hydrolyzable group.

[0421] R 34 Preferably, each is independently -OR h , -OCOR h , -ON=CR h 2. -NR h 2, -NHR h , -NCO, or halogen (wherein R in these formulas) h C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 (representing an alkyl group), more preferably OR h (That is, an alkoxy group). h Examples include unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and isobutyl groups; and substituted alkyl groups such as chloromethyl groups. Among these, alkyl groups, particularly unsubstituted alkyl groups, are preferred, and methyl or ethyl groups are more preferred. In one embodiment, R his a methyl group, and in another embodiment, R h This is an ethyl group.

[0422] R 35 These are each independently monovalent organic groups. Such monovalent organic groups are monovalent organic groups excluding the hydrolyzable groups mentioned above.

[0423] R 35 In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0424] n2 is (SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. However, in the terminal part of equation (S3), n2 is between 1 and 3 (SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 There are at least two units. In other words, at the terminal part of formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is attached.

[0425] n2 is (SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 Each unit is independently an integer, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably between 2 and 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0426] R 33’ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group other than the hydrolyzable group mentioned above.

[0427] R 33’ In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 Alkyl or H-(C s H 2s ) t1 -(OC s H2s ) t2 H(wherein s is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably from 2 to 4; t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0; t2 is an integer from 1 to 20, preferably from 2 to 10, more preferably from 2 to 6); and more preferably C 1-20 Alkyl alkyl groups, more preferably C 1-6 Alkyl groups, particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0428] In one embodiment, R 33’ This is a hydroxyl group.

[0429] In another embodiment, R 33’ This is a monovalent organic group, preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 It is an alkyl group.

[0430] Each of the above q2' is an independent integer between 0 and 3, and each of the above r2' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. The sum of q2' and r2' is (CR 32’ q2’ R 33’ r2’ In units of 3, it is 3.

[0431] q2' is (CR 32’ q2’ R 33’ r2’ Each unit is independently an integer, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably between 2 and 3, and even more preferably 3.

[0432] R 32 These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 This is the case. 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 The above R 32’ This is equivalent to the description in [the relevant section].

[0433] R 33 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group other than the hydrolyzable group mentioned above.

[0434] R 33 In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 Alkyl or H-(C s H 2s ) t1 -(OC s H 2s ) t2 H(wherein s is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably from 2 to 4; t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0; t2 is an integer from 1 to 20, preferably from 2 to 10, more preferably from 2 to 6); and more preferably C 1-20 Alkyl alkyl groups, more preferably C 1-6 Alkyl groups, particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0435] In one embodiment, R 33 This is a hydroxyl group.

[0436] In another embodiment, R 33 This is a monovalent organic group, preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 It is an alkyl group.

[0437] p2 are independent integers between 0 and 3, q2 are independent integers between 0 and 3, and r2 are independent integers between 0 and 3. The sum of p2, q2, and r2 is (CR). 31 p2 R 32 q2 R 33 r2 In units of 3, it is 3.

[0438] In one embodiment, p2 is 0.

[0439] In one embodiment, p2 is (CR 31 p2 R 32q2 R 33 r2 Each unit may independently be an integer from 1 to 3, an integer from 2 to 3, or 3. In a preferred embodiment, p2 is 3.

[0440] In one embodiment, q2 is (CR 31 p2 R 32 q2 R 33 r2 Each unit is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably between 2 and 3, and more preferably 3.

[0441] In one embodiment, p2 is 0 and q2 is (CR 31 p2 R 32 q2 R 33 r2 Each unit is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably between 2 and 3, and more preferably 3.

[0442] R e1 These are, independently, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 This is the case. 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 The above R 32’ This is equivalent to the description in [the relevant section].

[0443] R f1 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Such a monovalent organic group is a monovalent organic group other than the hydrolyzable group mentioned above.

[0444] R f1 In this, the monovalent organic group is preferably C 1-20 Alkyl or H-(C s H 2s ) t1 -(OC s H2s ) t2 H(wherein s is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably from 2 to 4; t1 is 1 or 0, preferably 0; t2 is an integer from 1 to 20, preferably from 2 to 10, more preferably from 2 to 6); and more preferably C 1-20 Alkyl alkyl groups, more preferably C 1-6 Alkyl groups, particularly preferably methyl groups.

[0445] In one embodiment, R f1 This is a hydroxyl group.

[0446] In another embodiment, R f1 This is a monovalent organic group, preferably C 1-20 It is an alkyl group, more preferably C 1-6 It is an alkyl group.

[0447] k2 are independent integers between 0 and 3, l2 are independent integers between 0 and 3, and m2 are independent integers between 0 and 3. The sum of k2, l2, and m2 is (CR d1 k2 R e1 l2 R f1 m2 In units of 3, it is 3.

[0448] In one embodiment, n2 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3 (SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 The units are present in groups of two or more, for example, 2 to 27, preferably 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 6, even more preferably 2 to 3, and particularly preferably 3, at each terminal part of formula (S4).

[0449] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), R 32’ If present, at least one, preferably all R 32’ In this, n2 is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3.

[0450] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), R 32 If present, at least one, preferably all R 32 In this, n2 is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3.

[0451] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), R e1 If present, at least one, preferably all R a1 In this, n2 is an integer between 1 and 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3.

[0452] In a preferred embodiment, in formula (S4), k2 is 0, l2 is 2 or 3, preferably 3, and n2 is 2 or 3, preferably 3.

[0453] R g1 and R h1 These are, independently, -Z 4 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 , -Z 4 -SiR a1 k1 R b1 l1 R c1 m1 , -Z 4 -CR d1 k2 R e1 l2 R f1 m2 Here, R 11 , R 12 , R a1 , R b2 , R c1 , R d1 , R e1 , R f1 n1, k1, l1, m1, k2, l2, and m2 have the same meaning as above.

[0454] In a preferred embodiment, R g1 and R h1These are, independently, -Z 4 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 That is the case.

[0455] The above Z 4 Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. (Note: Z follows) 4 The structure described as follows is (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 ) is joined to it.

[0456] In one embodiment, Z 4 It is an oxygen atom.

[0457] In one embodiment, Z 4 It is a divalent organic group.

[0458] In a preferred embodiment, Z 4 It does not contain siloxane bonds.

[0459] Z 4 Preferably, C 1-30 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z5” -O-(CH2) z6” -(wherein z5'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z6'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z7” -Phenylene-(CH2) z8” -(wherein z7'' is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and z8'' is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6). Such C 1-30 The alkylene group is more preferably C 1-20 Alkylene group, more preferably C 1-15 These are alkylene groups, which may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear. These groups are, for example, C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, C 2-6 Alkenyl group, and C 2-6The alkynyl group may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the alkynyl group, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0460] In a preferred embodiment, Z 4 C 1-20 Alkylene group or -(CH2) z7” -Phenylene-(CH2) z8” -, preferably -phenylene-(CH2) z8” - is Z 3 If the group is such that it can have higher light resistance, especially UV resistance.

[0461] In another preferred embodiment, the above Z 4 C 1-20 It is an alkylene group. In one embodiment, Z 4 This could be -CH2CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 4 This could be -CH2CH2-. In another embodiment, Z 4 is used GOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- ≠

[0462] In one embodiment, formulas (S1), (S2), (S3), and (S4) do not contain siloxane bonds.

[0463] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S2), (S3), (S4), or (S5).

[0464] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S2), (S3), or (S4).

[0465] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S3), (S4), or (S5).

[0466] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S3) or (S4).

[0467] In one embodiment, R Si is a base represented by formula (S4) or (S5).

[0468] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S1). In a preferred embodiment, n1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0469] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S2). In a preferred embodiment, n1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0470] In a preferred embodiment, equation (S2) is the following equation: where * is X 1 This represents the connection point. TIFF0007879502000034.tif15169

[0471] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S3). In a preferred embodiment, formula (S3) is -SiR a1 2R c1 , or -SiR a1 3, R a1 is, -Z 1 -SiR 22 q1 R 23 r1 Z 1 C 1-15 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z1 -O-(CH2) z2 -(wherein z1 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z2 is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6), or -(CH2) z3 -Phenylene-(CH2) z4 -(wherein z3 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6, and z4 is an integer from 0 to 6, for example, an integer from 1 to 6), preferably C 1-15 It is an alkylene group, and q1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0472] In a preferred embodiment, formula (S3) is the following formula: where * is X 1 This represents the connection point. TIFF0007879502000035.tif164169

[0473] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S4). In a preferred embodiment, formula (S4) is -CR e1 2R f1 , or -CR e1 3, R e1 is, -Z 3 -SiR 34 n2 R 35 3-n2 Z 3 C 1-15 Alkylene group, -(CH2) z5” -O-(CH2) z6” -(wherein z5'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z6'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z7” -Phenylene-(CH2) z8” -(wherein z7'' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6, and z8'' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6), preferably C 1-15 It is an alkylene group, and n2 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0474] In a preferred embodiment, equation (S4) is the following equation: where * is X 1 This represents the connection point. TIFF0007879502000036.tif161167

[0475] In one embodiment, R Si is a group represented by formula (S5). In a preferred embodiment, R g1 and R h1 is, -Z 4 -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 Z 4 C 1-15Alkylene group, -(CH2) z5” -O-(CH2) z6” -(wherein z5'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6, and z6'' is an integer between 0 and 6, e.g., an integer between 1 and 6) or -(CH2) z7” -Phenylene-(CH2) z8” -(wherein z7'' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6, and z8'' is an integer between 0 and 6, for example between 1 and 6), preferably C 1-15 It is an alkylene group, and n1 is 1 to 3, preferably 2 to 3, and more preferably 3.

[0476] In one embodiment, the silane compound is, in formula (1), R A1 However, the following formula (A4') or (A5'): R 11a - (A4') R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- (A5') [In formula (A4'), R 11a The following is a basic A: [ka] [In formula: R 51 Each of them is independent of R 53 -(R 61 -SiR 53 2) ma - is a base represented by R 61 Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, R 53 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R 51’ And, R 51’ R 51 It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R 51 Medium, R 51’The number is 20 or less, R 52 Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. z is either 0 or 1. It is a base represented by; In formula (A5'), R 13a C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, R 14a Each of them is independent of C 1-12 Represents an alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 1500. It is a base represented by; X A However, the following formula: -(X 121 ) a0 -X 110 -[(X 111 ) a1 -(X 112’ ) a2 ]- [In formula: X 121 R 161 b1 R 62 3-b1 C-, R 163 b2 R 164 3-b2 Si- or R 165 N-, R 161 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 162 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 163 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R 164 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 165 Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. b1 is either 2 or 3. b2 is either 2 or 3. X 110This is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms. X 111 These are single bonds or divalent organic groups, X 112’ -CO-, -NR 41 -, -CONR 41 -, or -NR 41 CO-, R 41 is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C 1-6 It is an alkyl group, a0 is either 0 or 1. a1 is an integer between 1 and 5. a2 is an integer between 0 and 5. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by a1 or a2 and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the expression. It is a base represented by, R Si However, equation (S2): -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 (S2) [In formula (S2), R 11 Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R 12 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n1 is (SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. It may contain compounds that are groups represented by .

[0477] In a preferred embodiment, the silane compound is of formula (1): R A1 α -X A -R Si β (1) In R A1 However, it is a base represented by formula (A4), and X A The following formula: -(X121 ) a0 -X 110 -[(X 111 ) a1 -(X 112’ ) a2 ]- It is a group represented by R Si However, it may include compounds in which the group is represented by formula (S2) and α and β are 1.

[0478] In a more preferred embodiment, the silane compound is of formula (1): R A1 α -X A -R Si β (1) In, R A1 However, formula (A4): R 11a -(R S ) γ1 -(SiR 12a 2) γ2 -(R Ar ) γ3 - (A4) A group represented by R 11a is group A (R 51 na R 52 3-na Si-(O) z -) and γ1, γ2 and γ3 are 0, X A The following formula: --X 110 -X 112’ -X 111 - A base represented by X 110 C 10-30 It is an alkylene group, X 111 C 2-6 It is an alkylene group, X 112 ga-CONR 41 - and R 41 A is a hydrogen atom, a0 is 0, and a1 and a2 are 1. R Si However, equation (S2): -SiR 11 n1 R12 3-n1 A group represented by R 11 ga-OR h And R h is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and n1 is 3, This may include compounds in which α and β are 1.

[0479] In another preferred embodiment, the silane compound is of formula (1): R A1 α -X A -R Si β (1) In R A1 However, it is a base represented by formula (A5), and X A The following formula: -(X 121 ) a0 -X 110 -[(X 111 ) a1 -(X 112’ ) a2 ]- It is a group represented by R Si However, it may include compounds in which the group is represented by formula (S2) and α and β are 1.

[0480] In a more preferred embodiment, the silane compound is of formula (1): R A1 α -X A -R Si β (1) In, R A1 However, equation (A5): R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- (A5) A group represented by R 13a C 1-12 It is an alkyl group, R 14a C 1-12 It is an alkyl group, and n is between 10 and 300. X AThe following formula: -X 110 -X 112 -X 111 - A base represented by X 110 C 10-30 It is an alkylene group, X 111 C 2-6 It is an alkylene group, X 112’ ga-CONR 41 - and R 41 A is a hydrogen atom, a0 is 0, and a1 and a2 are 1. R Si However, equation (S2): -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 A group represented by R 11 ga-OR h And R h is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and n1 is 3, This may include compounds in which α and β are 1.

[0481] In another preferred embodiment, the silane compound is of formula (1): R A1 α -X A -R Si β (1) In R A1 However, it is a base represented by formula (A5), and X A The following formula: -(X 121 ) a0 -X 110 -[(X 111 ) a1 -(X 112 ) a2 ]- It is a group represented by R Si However, it may include compounds in which the group is represented by formula (S2), with α being 1 and β being 3.

[0482] In a more preferred embodiment, the silane compound is of formula (1): R A1α -X A -R Si β (1) In, R 13a -(SiR 14a 20) n -SiR 14a 2- (A5) A group represented by R 13a C 1-12 It is an alkyl group, R 14a C 1-12 It is an alkyl group, and n is between 10 and 300. X A The following formula: -X 110 -X 112 -X 111 -X 121 - A base represented by X 110 C 10-30 It is an alkylene group, and X111 is C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, X 112 ga-CONR 41 - and R 41 X is a hydrogen atom, 121 R 161 b1 R 162 3-b1 C- and R 161 C 1-6 It is an alkylene group, where b1 is 3, a0 is 0, and a1 and a2 are 1. R Si However, equation (S2): -SiR 11 n1 R 12 3-n1 A group represented by R 11 ga-OR h And R h is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and n1 is 3, This may include compounds in which α is 1 and β is 3.

[0483] The above-mentioned water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) can typically be formed using a surface treatment agent containing the above-mentioned silane compound.

[0484] In one embodiment, such a surface treatment agent may be the silane compound itself.

[0485] In one embodiment, the content of the silane compound may be preferably 0.1 to 50.0% by mass, more preferably 1.0 to 30.0% by mass, even more preferably 5.0 to 25.0% by mass, and particularly preferably 10.0 to 20.0% by mass, relative to the total surface treatment agent.

[0486] In another embodiment, the content of the silane compound may be preferably 0.001 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, even more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass, relative to the total surface treatment agent.

[0487] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent may comprise the composition and at least one compound comprising a condensate formed by the condensation of at least a portion of the silane compound contained in the composition. In other words, the surface treatment agent may contain the silane compound and a condensate formed by the condensation of at least a portion of the silane compound.

[0488] In the above embodiment, the content of the condensate may be preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, relative to the total amount of the silane compound and the condensate of the silane compound. Here, the content of the condensate can be determined, for example, from the ratio of peak positions and areas in GPC (gel permeation chromatography).

[0489] The above surface treatment agent may further include a solvent, a non-reactive silicone compound that can be understood as a silicone oil (hereinafter referred to as "silicone oil"), an amine compound, alcohols, a catalyst, a surfactant, a polymerization inhibitor, a sensitizer, and the like.

[0490] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is R 90 It further contains compounds represented by -OH. R90 is a monovalent organic group, preferably C 1-20 Alkyl alkyl group or C 3-20 These are alkylene groups, and these groups may be substituted with one or more substituents. Examples of substituents include hydroxyl groups, -OR 91 (Here, R 91 is C 1-10 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably C 1-3 Examples include alkyl groups (for example, a methyl group).

[0491] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is R 81 Ure 82 , R 83 n8 C6H 6-n8 , R 84 R 85 R 86 Si-(O-SiR 87 R 88 ) m8 -R 89 , and (OSiR 87 R 88 ) m9 [In the ceremony R 81 ~R 89 Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms. m8 is an integer between 1 and 6. m9 is an integer between 3 and 8. n8 is an integer between 0 and 6. It may further contain a solvent selected from the compounds represented by .

[0492] The monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be linear, branched, or may even contain a cyclic structure.

[0493] In one embodiment, the monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may contain an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a halogen atom.

[0494] In another embodiment, the monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms does not contain a halogen atom.

[0495] In a preferred embodiment, the monovalent organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted with a halogen, preferably an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group.

[0496] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon group is a straight chain.

[0497] In another embodiment, the hydrocarbon group is a branched chain.

[0498] In another embodiment, the hydrocarbon group includes a cyclic structure.

[0499] In one embodiment, the solvent is R 81 Ure 82 That is the case.

[0500] R 81 and R 82 Each of these is independently, preferably C 1-8 hydrocarbon group, more preferably C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, or C 5-8 It may be a cycloalkyl group.

[0501] In one embodiment, the solvent is R 83 n8 C6H 6-n8 That is the case.

[0502] C6H 6-n8 This is an n8 valent benzene ring. That is, R 83 n8 C6H 6-n8 This consists of n8 R 83 This is a benzene substituted with [substance name].

[0503] R 83 Each of these is independently a halogen, or a C which may be substituted with a halogen. 1-6 It can be an alkyl group.

[0504] n8 is preferably an integer between 1 and 3.

[0505] In one embodiment, the solvent is R 84 R 85 R 86 Si-(O-SiR 87 R 88 ) m8 -R 89 That is the case.

[0506] In one embodiment, the solvent is (OSiR 87 R 88 ) m9 (OSiR 87 R 88 ) m9 This involves multiple OSiR 87 R 88 It is a cyclic siloxane formed by the ring-like bonding of units.

[0507] R 84 ~R 89 Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, or C 1-6 an alkyl group, preferably C 1-6 alkyl groups, more preferably C 1-3 The alkyl group is more preferably a methyl group.

[0508] m8 is preferably an integer between 1 and 6, more preferably an integer between 1 and 5, and even more preferably between 1 and 2.

[0509] m9 is preferably an integer between 3 and 6, more preferably an integer between 3 and 5.

[0510] In one embodiment, the solvent may be, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, or mineral spirits; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, or solvent naphtha; methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbitol acetate, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, or ethyl-2-hydroxybutyl acetate. Esters such as ethyl acetate, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, ethyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-hexanone, cyclohexanone, methylaminoketone, 2-heptanone; ethyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene Glycol ethers such as glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone; ether alcohols such as methyl cellosolve, cellosolve, isopropyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether; and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate.Polyfluoroaromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene); polyfluoroaliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., C6F); 13 CH2CH3 (for example, Asahi Clean® AC-6000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), C6F 13H (for example, AsahiClean® AC-2000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-heptafluorocyclopentane (for example, Zeolora® H manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.); fluorinated hydrocarbons such as 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC225), and 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene; CF3CH2OH, CF3 Fluorine-containing alcohols such as CF2CH2OH and (CF3)2CHOH; hydrofluoroethers (HFE) (e.g., perfluoropropyl methyl ether (C3F7OCH3) (e.g., Novec® 7000 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), perfluorobutyl methyl ether (C4F9OCH3) (e.g., Novec® 7100 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), perfluorobutyl ethyl ether (C4F9OC2H5) (e.g., Novec® 7200 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), perfluoro Alkyl perfluoroalkyl ethers such as o-lohexyl methyl ether (C2F5CF(OCH3)C3F7) (e.g., Novec® 7300 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited) (the perfluoroalkyl group and alkyl group may be linear or branched), or CF3CH2OCF2CHF2 (e.g., Asahiclean® AE-3000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), hydrofluoroolefins; CF3CH=CHCl (e.g., CELEFIN® 1233Z manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.) Examples include ethers such as ), CHF2CF=CHCl (for example, AMOLEA® AS-300 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), and cyclopentyl methyl ether; siloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, and tetradecamethylhexasiloxane; and dimethyl sulfoxides. Alternatively, mixed solvents of two or more of these are also possible.Among these, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, glycol ethers, alcohols, ether alcohols, and siloxanes are preferred. For example, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, mineral spirits, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbitol acetate, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl-2-hydroxybutyrate, ethyl acetate acetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, 2- Ethyl propylene glycol monomethyl ether hydroxyisobutyrate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, tetradecamethylhexasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethylcyclopentasiloxane are preferred.

[0511] The silicone oil is not particularly limited, but for example, the following general formula (3a): R 101a -(SiR 103a 2-0) a1 -SiR 103a 2-R 101a ...(3a) [In formula: R 101a Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group. R 103a Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group. a1 is between 2 and 3000. Examples of compounds represented by [the formula shown] are given.

[0512] The above R 103a Each of these is independently either a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group. Such hydrocarbon groups may be substituted.

[0513] R 103a Each of these is independently preferably an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group substituted with a halogen atom.

[0514] R 103a Each of these C atoms may be independently substituted, preferably with a halogen atom. 1-6 Alkyl group or aryl group, more preferably C 1-6 It is an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0515] C above 1-6 The alkyl group may be linear or branched, but linear is preferred. C 1-6 The alkyl group is preferably C 1-3 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0516] The above aryl group is preferably a phenyl group.

[0517] In one embodiment, R 103a Each of them is independent of C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably C 1-3 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0518] In another embodiment, R 103a This is a phenyl group.

[0519] In another embodiment, R 103a This is a methyl group or a phenyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0520] The above R 101a Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, and the above R 3a It is synonymous with [the above].

[0521] R 101a Each of these C atoms may be independently substituted, preferably with a halogen atom. 1-6 Alkyl group or aryl group, more preferably C 1-6 It is an alkyl group or an aryl group.

[0522] In one embodiment, R 101a Each of them is independent of C 1-6 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably C 1-3 An alkyl group, more preferably a methyl group.

[0523] In another embodiment, R 101a This is a phenyl group.

[0524] In another embodiment, R 101a This is a methyl group or a phenyl group, preferably a methyl group.

[0525] The above a1 is between 2 and 1500. a1 is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, even more preferably 15 or more, for example 30 or more, or 50 or more. a1 is preferably 1000 or less, more preferably 500 or less, even more preferably 200 or less, even more preferably 150 or less, for example 100 or less, or 80 or less.

[0526] a1 may preferably be 5 to 1000, more preferably 10 to 500, even more preferably 15 to 200, and even more preferably 15 to 150.

[0527] Other silicone oils include the following (3b): R 101a -R SO2 -R 103a ...(3b) [In formula: R 101a Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, R 103a Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, R SO2 is, -R S-SiR 5 2- and R S and R 5 This is synonymous with the above. Examples of compounds represented by [the formula shown] are given.

[0528] The above-mentioned silicone oil may have an average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000, preferably 1,000 to 100,000. The molecular weight of the silicone oil can be measured using GPC.

[0529] Examples of the above silicone oils include -(SiR 3a 2-0) a1 A linear or cyclic silicone oil with a1 of -30 or less may be used. Linear silicone oils may be so-called straight silicone oils and modified silicone oils. Examples of straight silicone oils include dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, and methylhydrogen silicone oil. Examples of modified silicone oils include straight silicone oils modified with alkyl, aralkyl, polyether, higher fatty acid ester, fluoroalkyl, amino, epoxy, carboxyl, alcohol, etc. An example of a cyclic silicone oil is cyclic dimethylsiloxane oil.

[0530] The above-mentioned silicone oil may be present in the above-mentioned surface treatment agent in an amount of, for example, 0 to 50% by mass, preferably 0.001 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass.

[0531] In the above surface treatment agent, the silicone oil may be included in an amount of, for example, 0 to 300 parts by mass, preferably 0 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 0 to 50 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the compounds contained in the composition of the present disclosure (the sum of the two or more compounds if there are two or more, and the same applies hereinafter).

[0532] Silicone oil contributes to improving the surface lubricity of the surface-treated layer.

[0533] Examples of the alcohols mentioned above include methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol. Adding these alcohols to the composition improves the stability of the composition.

[0534] Examples of catalysts include acids (e.g., acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, etc.), bases (e.g., sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, triethylamine, diethylamine, etc.), transition metals (e.g., Ti, Ni, Sn, Zr, Al, B, Si, Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Cr, Hf, V, etc.), sulfur-containing compounds having lone pairs of electrons in their molecular structure, or nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., sulfoxide compounds, aliphatic amine compounds, aromatic amine compounds, phosphate amide compounds, amide compounds, urea compounds, etc.).

[0535] Examples of the above-mentioned aliphatic amine compounds include diethylamine and triethylamine. Examples of the above-mentioned aromatic amine compounds include aniline and pyridine.

[0536] In a preferred embodiment, the transition metal is included as a transition metal compound represented by the formula MR (wherein M is a transition metal atom and R is a hydrolyzable group). By making the transition metal compound a compound in which a transition metal and a hydrolyzable group are bonded, transition metal atoms can be more efficiently incorporated into the surface treatment layer, further improving the friction durability and chemical resistance of the surface treatment layer.

[0537] The above-mentioned hydrolyzable group refers to a group that can undergo hydrolysis, similar to the hydrolyzable group relating to the above-mentioned compound; that is, a group that can be removed from the transition metal atom by hydrolysis. Examples of hydrolyzable groups include -OR m , -OCOR m , -ON=CRm 2. -NR m 2, -NHR m , -NCO, halogen (in these formulas, R m C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 Examples include (showing an alkyl group).

[0538] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrolyzable group is -OR m The group is preferably methoxy or ethoxy. By using an alkoxy group as the hydrolyzable group, transition metal atoms can be more efficiently incorporated into the surface treatment layer, further improving the friction durability and chemical resistance of the surface treatment layer.

[0539] In one embodiment, the hydrolyzable group may be the same as the hydrolyzable group contained in the compound described above. By making the hydrolyzable group in the compound and the transition metal compound the same, the effect can be reduced even if such hydrolyzable groups are exchanged with each other.

[0540] In another embodiment, the hydrolyzable group may be different from the hydrolyzable group contained in the compound described above. By making the hydrolyzable group in the compound different from that in the transition metal compound, the reactivity of hydrolysis can be controlled.

[0541] In one embodiment, the hydrolyzable group and the hydrolyzable group contained in the compound may be interchangeable in the composition.

[0542] In a preferred embodiment, the transition metal compound is Ta(OR m )5(wherein, R m C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 It is an alkyl group. Preferably Ta(OCH2CH3)5, or Si(OR m ) 1-m1 R m’ m1 (In the formula, R m C is either substituted or non-substituted. 1-4 It is an alkyl group, R m’C 1-4 It is an alkyl group, and m1 is 0 or 1. Preferably, it may be tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, or dimethyldimethoxysilane.

[0543] The above catalyst may be present in the entire surface treatment agent (coating liquid) at, for example, 0.0002% by mass or more. Preferably, the above catalyst is present at 0.02% by mass or more, and more preferably at 0.04% by mass or more, relative to the entire surface treatment agent (coating liquid). The above catalyst may be present at, for example, 10% by mass or less, and particularly at 1% by mass or less, relative to the entire surface treatment agent (coating liquid). The above surface treatment agent, when the above catalyst is present at the above concentrations, can contribute to the formation of a surface treatment layer with better durability.

[0544] The content of the catalyst is preferably 0 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0 to 5% by mass, and particularly preferably 0 to 1% by mass, relative to the compounds contained in the composition of the present disclosure.

[0545] The catalyst promotes the hydrolysis and dehydration condensation of the compounds contained in the composition of the disclosure, thereby promoting the formation of the layer formed by the composition of the disclosure.

[0546] Other components besides those listed above include, for example, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and methyltriacetoxysilane.

[0547] In addition to the components mentioned above, the surface treatment agent may contain trace amounts of impurities such as Pt, Rh, Ru, 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane, triphenylphosphine, NaCl, KCl, and silane condensates.

[0548] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is for a dry coating method, preferably for vacuum deposition.

[0549] In one embodiment, the surface treatment agent is for a wet coating method, preferably an immersion coating.

[0550] The above surface treatment agent can be impregnated into porous materials, such as porous ceramic materials, metal fibers, or steel wool compressed into a cotton-like form, to form pellets. These pellets can be used, for example, in vacuum deposition.

[0551] The compounds of this disclosure are preferably used as surface treatment agents or as components of surface treatment agents.

[0552] The product can be manufactured by forming the silicon oxide layer (B) on the surface of the substrate (A), further forming a water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) on the surface of the silicon oxide layer (B) on the surface of the silicon oxide layer (B), and then post-treating this layer as needed to form the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C).

[0553] The formation of the water-repellent, permeable layer (C) using the above-mentioned surface treatment agent can be achieved by applying the surface treatment agent to the surface of the silicon oxide layer (B) so as to coat the surface. The coating method is not particularly limited. For example, wet coating and dry coating methods can be used.

[0554] Examples of wet coating methods include immersion coating, spin coating, flow coating, spray coating, roll coating, gravure coating, wipe coating, squeegee coating, die coating, inkjet, cast coating, Langmuir-Bludget method, and similar methods.

[0555] Examples of dry coating methods include vapor deposition (usually vacuum deposition), sputtering, CVD, and similar methods. Specific examples of vapor deposition methods (usually vacuum deposition) include resistance heating, electron beams, high-frequency heating using microwaves, ion beams, and similar methods. Specific examples of CVD methods include plasma-CVD, optical CVD, thermal CVD, and similar methods.

[0556] Furthermore, coating using the atmospheric pressure plasma method is also possible.

[0557] When using a wet coating method, the surface treatment agents of the present disclosure may be diluted with a solvent before being applied to the substrate surface. From the viewpoint of the stability of the composition of the present disclosure and the volatility of the solvent, the following solvents are preferably used: aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, and mineral spirits; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, and solvent naphtha; methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and carboxymethyl acetate. Esters such as tol, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl-2-hydroxybutyrate, ethyl acetoacetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, and ethyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-hexanone, cyclohexanone, methylaminoketone, and 2-heptanone; ethyl cellosol, methyl cellosol Glycol ethers such as methyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, 3-pentanol, octyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, and tert-amyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone;Ether alcohols such as methyl cellosolve, cellosolve, isopropyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; polyfluoroaromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene); polyfluoroaliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., C6F); 13 CH2CH3 (for example, Asahi Clean® AC-6000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), C6F 13H (for example, AsahiClean® AC-2000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-heptafluorocyclopentane (for example, Zeolora® H manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.); fluorinated hydrocarbons such as 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC225), and 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene; CF3CH2OH, C Fluorine-containing alcohols such as F3CF2CH2OH and (CF3)2CHOH; hydrofluoroethers (HFE) (e.g., perfluoropropyl methyl ether (C3F7OCH3) (e.g., Novec® 7000 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), perfluorobutyl methyl ether (C4F9OCH3) (e.g., Novec® 7100 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), perfluorobutyl ethyl ether (C4F9OC2H5) (e.g., Novec® 7200 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), Alkyl perfluoroalkyl ethers such as perfluorohexyl methyl ether (C2F5CF(OCH3)C3F7) (e.g., Novec® 7300 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited) (the perfluoroalkyl group and alkyl group may be linear or branched), or CF3CH2OCF2CHF2 (e.g., AsahiClean® AE-3000 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), hydrofluoroolefins; CF3CH=CHCl (e.g., CELEFIN® manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.) Examples include ethers such as 1233Z), CHF2CF=CHCl (for example, AMOLEA® AS-300 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), and cyclopentyl methyl ether; siloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, and tetradecamethylhexasiloxane; dimethyl sulfoxide, etc. Or mixed solvents of two or more of these.Among these, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, glycol ethers, alcohols, ether alcohols, and siloxanes are preferred. For example, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, mineral spirits, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, carbitol acetate, diethyl oxalate, ethyl pyruvate, ethyl-2-hydroxybutyrate, ethyl acetate acetate, amyl acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, 2- Ethyl propylene glycol monomethyl ether hydroxyisobutyrate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, tetradecamethylhexasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethylcyclopentasiloxane are preferred.

[0558] In one aspect, when using the wet coating method, the solvent is, for example, R 90 Compounds represented by -OH can be used. 90 is a monovalent organic group, preferably C 1-20 Alkyl alkyl group or C 3-20 These are alkylene groups, and these groups may be substituted with one or more substituents. Examples of substituents include hydroxyl groups, -OR 91 (Here, R 91 is C 1-10 Alkyl alkyl group, preferably C 1-3 Examples include alkyl groups (for example, a methyl group).

[0559] When using the dry coating method, the above surface treatment agent may be applied to the dry coating method as is, or it may be diluted with the above solvent before being applied to the dry coating method.

[0560] The layer formation of the surface treatment agent is preferably carried out so that the surface treatment agent exists in the layer together with a catalyst for hydrolysis and dehydration condensation. For convenience, in the case of the wet coating method, the catalyst may be added to the diluted solution of the surface treatment agent immediately after diluting it with a solvent and applying it to the substrate surface. In the case of the dry coating method, the surface treatment agent with the catalyst added may be directly vapor-deposited (usually by vacuum deposition), or a pellet-like material impregnated with the catalyst-added surface treatment agent of the disclosure, such as iron or copper, may be used for vapor deposition (usually by vacuum deposition).

[0561] Any suitable acid or base, transition metals (e.g., Ti, Ni, Sn, Zr, Al, B, etc.), sulfur-containing compounds having lone pairs of electrons in their molecular structure, or nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., sulfoxide compounds, aliphatic amine compounds, aromatic amine compounds, phosphate amide compounds, amide compounds, urea compounds, etc.) can be used as catalysts. Examples of acid catalysts include acetic acid, formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Examples of base catalysts include ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and organic amines such as triethylamine and diethylamine. Examples of transition metals, aliphatic amine compounds, and aromatic amine compounds are the same as those mentioned above.

[0562] The water- and oil-repellent layer (C) contained in the article of this disclosure may have high durability. In addition to high durability, the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) may also have water repellency, oil repellency, stain resistance (e.g., preventing the adhesion of dirt such as fingerprints), waterproofness (preventing water from entering electronic components, etc.), surface slipperiness (or lubricity, e.g., ease of wiping away dirt such as fingerprints and excellent tactile feel to the fingers), and chemical resistance, and may be suitably used as a functional thin film.

[0563] Accordingly, this disclosure also relates to optical materials having the above-mentioned water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) as the outermost layer.

[0564] As optical materials, a wide variety of optical materials are preferred, in addition to optical materials related to displays, as exemplified below: for example, displays such as cathode ray tubes (CRTs; e.g., PC monitors), liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, organic EL displays, inorganic thin-film EL dot matrix displays, rear projection displays, fluorescent display tubes (VFDs), field emission displays (FEDs), or protective plates for such displays, or materials on which an anti-reflective coating has been applied to their surface.

[0565] The articles of this disclosure may be optical components, but are not limited to these. Examples of optical components include: lenses such as those in eyeglasses; front protective plates, anti-reflective plates, polarizing plates, and anti-glare plates for displays such as PDPs and LCDs; touch panel sheets for devices such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants; disc surfaces for optical discs such as Blu-ray (registered trademark) discs, DVD discs, CD-Rs, and MOs; optical fibers; and display surfaces for watches.

[0566] Furthermore, the articles of this disclosure may be medical devices or medical materials. Also, articles having layers obtained by this disclosure may be automotive interior and exterior components. Examples of exterior components include: windows, light covers, and exterior camera covers. Examples of interior components include: instrument panel covers, navigation system touch panels, and decorative interior components.

[0567] The thickness of the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is not particularly limited. In the case of optical components, the thickness of the layer may be in the range of, for example, 1 to 50 nm, preferably 1 to 30 nm, and more preferably 1 to 15 nm, from the viewpoint of optical performance, abrasion resistance, and antifouling properties.

[0568] For X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis to measure the atomic composition and constituent atom ratios of the water- and oil-repellent layer (C), the ULVAC-PHI PHI5000VersaProbeII can be used. XPS analysis conditions include a 25W monochromatic AlKα X-ray source, a 1400μm × 300μm photoelectron detection area, a photoelectron detection angle in the range of 20 to 90 degrees (e.g., 20, 45, 90 degrees), and a pass energy of 23.5eV. For sputtering, gas cluster ion beams or Ar ions can be used. Using the above apparatus and measurement conditions, the peak areas of C1s, O1s, and Si2p can be observed, and the atomic ratios of carbon, oxygen, and silicon can be calculated to determine the composition of the water- and oil-repellent layer (C) and the silicon oxide layer (B).

[0569] Furthermore, depth analysis can also be performed. For XPS analysis, the measurement conditions include using a monochromatic AlKα X-ray source at 25W, a photoelectron detection area of ​​1400 μm × 300 μm, a photoelectron detection angle in the range of 20 to 90 degrees (e.g., 20 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees), and a pass energy of 23.5 eV. Sputter ions such as Ar ions, gas cluster ions, and C60 ions can be used. Sputtering can also be used to etch 1 to 100 nm and obtain the composition of the coating film at each etching depth.

[0570] By adjusting the photoelectron detection angle in the XPS analysis described above, the detection depth can be adjusted as needed. For example, by setting a shallow angle close to 20 degrees, the detection depth can be set to about 3 nm, while by setting a deep angle close to 90 degrees, the detection depth can be set to about 10-something nm.

[0571] The compounds, compositions, and articles of this disclosure have been described in detail above. However, the compounds, compositions, and articles of this disclosure are not limited to those exemplified above. [Examples]

[0572] The present invention will be further described in detail by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0573] (Preparation of Binder Solution 1) 1.40 g of tetraethoxysilane and 3.18 g of ethanol were added to a 30 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 2.42 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and 5.1 mg of sodium chloride were added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 1.

[0574] (Preparation of Binder Solution 2) 0.60 g of tetraethoxysilane and 1.36 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the resulting mixture, 1.04 g of 1 M p-toluenesulfonic acid aqueous solution and 87.7 mg of sodium p-toluenesulfonate were added and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 2.

[0575] (Preparation of Binder Solution 3) 1.00 g of tetraethoxysilane and 2.26 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the resulting mixture, 1.73 g of 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 64.0 mg of sodium nitrate were added and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 3.

[0576] (Preparation of Binder Solution 4) 0.40 g of tetraethoxysilane and 0.91 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the resulting mixture, 0.69 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and 44.0 mg of sodium chloride were added and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of deionized water were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 4.

[0577] (Preparation of Binder Solution 5) 0.20 g of tetraethoxysilane and 0.46 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the resulting mixture, 0.35 g of 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 95.9 mg of sodium nitrate were added and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of deionized water were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 5.

[0578] (Preparation of Binder Solution 6) 0.50 g of tetraethoxysilane and 1.14 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the resulting mixture, 0.87 g of 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 0.32 g of sodium nitrate were added and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of deionized water were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 6.

[0579] (Preparation of Binder Solution 7) 7.00 g of tetraethoxysilane and 15.6 g of ethanol were added to a 100 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the resulting mixture, 12.1 g of 0.01 M aqueous nitric acid solution and 3.7 mg of sodium nitrate were added and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 7.

[0580] (Preparation of Binder Solution 8) 1.00 g of tetraethoxysilane and 2.27 g of ethanol were added to a 30 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 1.73 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid was added to the resulting mixture and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution and 4.75 g of ethanol were mixed in a 10 mL screw-cap bottle to prepare binder solution 8.

[0581] (Preparation of binder solution 9) 0.20 g of tetraethoxysilane and 0.46 g of ethanol were added to a 10 mL flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the resulting mixture, 0.35 g of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and 0.22 g of sodium chloride were added and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. 0.25 g of the resulting reaction solution, 2.75 g of ethanol, and 2.00 g of deionized water were mixed in a 10 mL screw-bottle to prepare binder solution 9.

[0582] (Synthesis of compound A) 3.02 g of 22-tricosenoic acid, 26 mL of toluene, and 17 mL of methanol were added, followed by the dropwise addition of 20 mL of trimethylsilyldiazomethane. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Subsequently, 3.11 g of compound (1) was obtained by concentration under reduced pressure.

[0583] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 1.249-1.649 (m), 2.005-2.061 (m), 2.279-2.316 (t), 1.567-1.622 (m), 3.662 (s), 4.904-5.015 (m), 5.760-5.862 (m)

[0584] Compound (1) JPEG0007879502000038.jpg14169

[0585] 0.50 g of compound (1) was added to 10.0 mL of toluene, 0.05 mL of pyridine, and 0.3 mL of a xylene solution containing 2% of the Pt complex of 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane. Then, 1.2 mL of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane was added dropwise. After stirring at room temperature for 17 hours, the mixture was purified to obtain 0.87 g of compound (2) shown below.

[0586] 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.033-0.241 (m), 0.438-0.550 (m), 1.191-1.413 (m), 1.607-1.642 (m), 2.242-2.325 (m), 3.669 (s)

[0587] Compound (2) TIFF0007879502000039.tif26169

[0588] 0.86 g of compound (2), 5.0 mL of allylamine, and 0.20 g of 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]deca-5-ene were added, and the mixture was stirred at 75°C for 3 hours. After washing with aqueous hydrochloric acid, the mixture was dehydrated with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 0.72 g of compound (3).

[0589] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.076-0.128 (m), 0.413-0.465 (t), 1.183-1.1.404 (m), 1.604-1.677 (m), 2.173-2.248 (t), 3.841-3.942(m), 5.122-5.210(m), 5.809-5.877(m)

[0590] Compound (3) TIFF0007879502000040.tif26169

[0591] 0.72 g of the above compound (3), 6.0 mL of toluene, 0.04 mL of pyridine, and 0.26 mL of a xylene solution containing 2% of the Pt complex of 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane were added, and then 1.4 mL of trimethoxysilane was charged, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Subsequently, purification was performed to obtain 0.48 g of the following compound A having a trimethoxysilyl group at the terminal end.

[0592] 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.054-0.149 (m), 0.425-0.464 (t), 0.628-0.681 (m), 1.181-1.402 (m), 1.544-1.768(m), 2.125-2.164 (t), 3.558-3.646 (m) [ka]

[0593] (Synthesis of surface treatment agent A) The compound A obtained above was diluted to a 0.5 wt% heptane solution to obtain surface treatment agent A.

[0594] (Synthesis of compound B) CH3CH2CH2CH2-(Si(CH3)2O) n -Si(CH3)2-(CH2) 10 - 5.00 g of COOH, 15.1 g of tetrahydrofuran, 0.97 g of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, 0.048 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 0.38 mL of allylamine were added and stirred overnight at room temperature. Subsequently, purification was performed to obtain the polydimethylsiloxane group-containing compound (1)CH3CH2CH2CH2-(Si(CH3)2O) n -Si(CH3)2-(CH2) 10 -CONH-CH2CH=CH2(n≒16)4.07g was obtained.

[0595] 1 HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ[ppm]:-0.114-0.291(m),0.507-0.547(m),0.855-0.890(t),1.180-1.320(m),1.577- 1.629(m),1.948-2.049(m),2.197-2.327(m),3.893(s),5.102-5.191(m),5.388-5.394(m),5.754-5.823(m)

[0596] The polydimethylsiloxane group-containing compound obtained above (1) CH3CH2CH2CH2-(Si(CH3)2O) n -Si(CH3)2-(CH2) 10 3.7262 g of -CONH-CH2CH=CH2, 11.4 g of toluene, 0.02 g of triacetoxymethylsilane, and 0.13 ml of xylene solution containing 2% of the Pt complex of 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane were added. Then, 1.3 ml of trichlorosilane was charged, and the mixture was heated to 60°C and stirred for 4 hours. After removing volatile components under reduced pressure, a mixed solution of 0.244 g of methanol and 5.347 g of trimethyl orthoformate was added, and the mixture was heated to 50°C and stirred for 3 hours. Subsequently, purification was performed to obtain the following formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2-(Si(CH3)2O) n -Si(CH3)2-(CH2) 10 -CONH-CH2CH2CH2-Si(OCH3)3 3.69 g of compound B, represented by [formula], which has a trimethoxysilyl group at the terminal, was obtained. The average value of n was 18.

[0597] (Synthesis of surface treatment agent B) The compound B obtained above was diluted to a 0.5 wt% hexamethyldisiloxane solution to obtain surface treatment agent B.

[0598] (Synthesis of compound C) R-COOH (10 g), 2,2-diallyl-4-penten-1-amine (1.71 g), 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (1.98 g), triethylamine (1.44 mL), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (84 mg), and dichloromethane (30 mL) were mixed and stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed with hydrochloric acid and water, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain R-CONH-CH2C(CH2CH=CH2)3 (8.88 g). R is (CH3)3Si-(OSi(CH3)2) n -(CH2) 10- The average value of the number of repeating units n is 66.

[0599] 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: -0.20-0.25 (m), 1.45-1.59 (m, 2H), 1.20-1.48 (m, 14H), 1.53-1.65 (m, 2H), 2.03 (d, 2H, 7.6Hz), 2.16 (t, 2H, 7.6Hz), 3.20 (d, 2H, 6.4Hz), 5.05-5.14 (m, 6H), 5.51-5.60 (m, 1H), 5.80-5.93 (m, 3H). 13 C NMR (CDCl3, 133 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.2, 1.0, 1.8, 18.3, 23.2, 29.3, 29.4, 29.6, 30.3, 33.5, 37.1, 40.0, 40.1, 45.0, 118.1, 134.2, 172.9.

[0600] R-CONH-CH2C(CH2CH=CH2)3 (2g), toluene (10mL), a xylene solution of Karlstedt catalyst (2%, 0.29mL), aniline (46mg), and trimethoxysilane (1.43mL) were mixed. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain compound C (2.21g) represented by R-CONH-CH2C{CH2CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3}3. R is (CH3)3Si-(OSi(CH3)2) n -(CH2) 10 - The average value of the number of repeating units n is 66.

[0601] 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ[ppm]: -0.2-0.21 (m), 0.41-0.65 (m, 8H), 1.10-1.50 (m, 26H), 1.55-1.65 (m, 2H), 2.14 (t, 2H, 7.2 Hz), 3.09 (d, 2H, 6.0 Hz), 3.45-3.62 (m, 27H), 5.67-5.75 (m, 1H) 13 C NMR (CDCl3, 133 MHz) δ[ppm]: 0.1, 1.0, 1.7, 9.5, 16.1, 18.2, 23.2, 26.0, 29.4, 29.4, 29.6, 30.2, 33.4, 37.0, 38.1, 39.1, 43.6, 50.4, 173.0. The average value of n is 66.

[0602] (Synthesis of surface treatment agent C) The compound C obtained above was diluted to a 0.5 wt% isopropanol solution to obtain surface treatment agent C.

[0603] (Example 1) <Formation of the binder layer> Chemically strengthened glass (Corning Gorilla Glass, 0.7 mm thick) was dry-cleaned with UV / O3 treatment for 10 minutes, and then treated with binder solution 1 by spin-coating at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds. Subsequently, a binder layer was obtained by heat treatment in an oven at 150°C for 2 hours.

[0604] <Formation of surface treatment layer> The chemically strengthened glass with the binder layer obtained above was dry-cleaned by UV / O3 treatment for 10 minutes, and then treated with surface treatment agent A by spin-coating at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds. Subsequently, the surface treatment layer was obtained by heating in an oven at 150°C for 30 minutes.

[0605] (Examples and Comparative Examples) A surface-treated layer with a binder layer was obtained using the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the binder solution and surface treatment agent were changed to the combinations shown in Table 1.

[0606] (Surface analysis TOF-SIMS, alkali metal analysis) In the silicon oxide layer, the average sodium concentration in the region between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm in depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer was determined using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) according to the following procedure.

[0607] (I) First, a standard sample for determining sodium concentration was prepared. A quartz glass substrate with the same composition as the silicon oxide layer to be evaluated was prepared, and sodium was ion-implanted into this substrate to create the standard sample. A medium-current ion implanter (ULVAC IMX-3500RS) was used for ion implantation, with an energy of 110 keV and a sodium implantation rate of 6.0 × 10⁻⁶. 14 ions / cm 2 That's what I decided.

[0608] (II) Next, the silicon dioxide-coated substrate to be evaluated and the standard sample prepared in (I) are simultaneously transported into the TOF-SIMS instrument, and TOF-SIMS depth profiling analysis is performed sequentially by ion sputtering, and the sputtering time (seconds, horizontal axis) and 23 Na + and 28 Si + A profile was obtained showing the intensity (counts, vertical axis).

[0609] Next, from the profile of the substrate prepared in (I), the sputtering rate (nm / second) and counts of sputtered ions are converted to a coefficient (atoms / (counts·cm)) for the amount of sodium per unit volume. 3 )) was calculated. The TOF-SIMS analysis conditions used in this study are as follows: Primary ion species: Bi 3+ Primary ion acceleration voltage: 25 keV Primary ion current value: 1 pA (at 10 kHz) Primary ion cluster size: 100 x 100 μm 2 Primary ion punching: Yes Cycle time: 100us Pixel count: 128 x 128 pixels Sputter ion species: C 60 ++ Sputtering acceleration voltage: 10 keV Sputtering current: 1nA (at 10kHz) Sputter ion raster size: 1000 x 1000 μm 2 Sputtering time per pass: 2 seconds Vacuum degree: 5.0×10 -6 mbar (without oxygen flow into the device) Neutralizing gun: None

[0610] (III) Finally, from the depth profile of the sodium concentration of silicon dioxide obtained in (II), the average sodium concentration in the silicon dioxide layer was calculated in the region between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm in depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer. Three points were plotted in the region between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm in depth. The average sodium concentration was calculated as the average of these three points. When measurements are performed under the above conditions, three plots may exist in the region between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm in depth from the surface in contact with the oil-repellent layer.

[0611] In this example, prior to TOF-SIMS depth profiling by ion sputtering, the silicon dioxide-coated substrate was dry-cleaned by UV / O3 treatment for 10 minutes. Table 1 shows the results of calculating the average sodium concentration in the silicon dioxide layer in the region between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm in depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer.

[0612] Prior to TOF-SIMS depth profiling by ion sputtering, it is desirable that the silicon oxide layer be exposed. That is, if a water- and oil-repellent layer is present on the surface of the silicon oxide layer, or if surface contamination is clearly advanced, it is preferable to remove them. Removal methods include oxygen plasma treatment and UV / O3 treatment. Depending on the thickness of the water- and oil-repellent layer and the degree of surface contamination, it is better to perform both.

[0613] (Surface analysis TOF-SIMS analysis) In the silicon oxide layer, Cl in the region where the depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer is 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less. - , SO3 - NO3 - SO4 2- , and PO3 - The presence or absence of detection was analyzed using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) according to the following procedure.

[0614] (I) First, the silicon dioxide-coated substrate to be evaluated and the aforementioned standard sample for sodium concentration quantification are simultaneously transported into the TOF-SIMS instrument, and TOF-SIMS depth profiling analysis is performed sequentially by ion sputtering, and the sputtering time (seconds, horizontal axis) and Cl - NO3 - , SO3 - SiO2 - and Si - A profile was obtained showing the intensity (counts, vertical axis). Next, the sputtering rate (nm / second) of sputtered ions was calculated from the substrate profile of the standard sample. The TOF-SIMS analysis conditions used in this study are as follows: Primary ion species: Bi 3+ Primary ion acceleration voltage: 25 keV Primary ion current value: 1 pA (at 10 kHz) Primary ion cluster size: 100 x 100 μm 2 Primary ion punching: Yes Cycle time: 100us Pixel count: 128 x 128 pixels Sputter ion species: C 60 ++ Sputtering acceleration voltage: 10 keV Sputtering current: 1nA (at 10kHz) Sputter ion raster size: 300 x 300 μm 2 Sputtering time per pass: 4 seconds Vacuum degree: 5.0×10 -6 mbar (without oxygen flow into the device) Neutralizing gun: None

[0615] (II) Next, from the depth profile of silicon oxide obtained in (I), in the silicon oxide layer, in the region where the depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer is 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less, Cl - NO3 - , SO3 - SiO2 - and Si - The average count for each of the above six types and the average total count were calculated. Note that there were 3 points plotted in the region between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm. - NO3 - , SO3 - SiO2 - and Si - Furthermore, the average value of the total ion count was calculated as the average of these three points. When measurements are taken under the above conditions, three plot points may exist in the region where the depth from the surface in contact with the oil-repellent layer is between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm.

[0616] In the silicon oxide layer, in the region where the depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer is 0.1 nm or more and 0.3 nm or less, (Cl - NO3 - , SO3 - SiO2 - or Si - Calculate the fraction ) / (total ion count), and if it is 1.0% or more, Cl - NO3- , SO3 - SiO2 - or Si - It was determined that (NO3) was detected. For example, the silicon oxide layer used in Example 1 was (NO3 - The total ion count was 3.7%, and NO3 - It was reported that Cl was detected in the silicon oxide layer in a region where the depth from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer is between 0.1 nm and 0.3 nm. - NO3 - , SO3 - SiO2 - or Si - The detection results are shown in Table 1.

[0617] [Table 1]

[0618] (Abrasion resistance evaluation) <Initial Evaluation> For the initial evaluation (zero wear cycles), the static contact angle of water was measured after the surface treatment layer was formed and any excess material on the surface was wiped off. The contact angle was measured using a fully automatic contact angle meter, DropMaster700 (Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.), in a 25°C environment. Specifically, the substrate with the surface treatment layer to be measured was placed horizontally, water was dropped onto its surface from a microsyringe, and the static contact angle was measured by capturing a still image with a video microscope one second after dropping. The static contact angle was measured at five different points on the surface treatment layer of the substrate, and the average value was calculated. A value of 70° or higher was marked as ○, and a value less than 70° was marked as ×.

[0619] <Evaluation after abrasion resistance test> The friction element described below was brought into contact with the formed surface treatment layer, a load of 5N was applied, and the friction element was moved back and forth at a speed of 40 mm / second while the load was applied. When the number of friction cycles reached 200, the static contact angle of water was measured, and a value of ○ was used if it was 70° or higher, and a value of × was used if it was less than 70°. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0620] ·Friction element The surface of the silicone rubber processed product shown below was covered with cotton soaked in artificial sweat of the composition shown below, and this was used as a friction element. Composition of artificial sweat: Anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate: 2g Sodium chloride: 20g 85% Lactic Acid: 2g Histidine hydrochloride: 5g Distilled water: 1 kg Silicone rubber processed products: This is a silicone rubber stopper SR-51 manufactured by Tigers Polymer, processed into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1 cm and a thickness of 1 cm.

[0621] (Appearance evaluation) For visual evaluation, after the surface treatment layer was formed and any excess material on the surface was wiped off, the haze of the coating film was measured in accordance with JIS K 7136. Haze was measured at 25°C using a Haze Meter NDH7000SP (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Ltd.). Specifically, using the solid measurement mode, standard calibration was performed with an air layer, and then the haze of the glass with the surface treatment layer formed was measured. The haze values ​​were measured at three different points on the substrate with different surface treatment layers, and the average value is shown in Table 2.

[0622] [Table 2]

Claims

1. Substrate (A), Water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C), The substrate (A) and the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) are disposed between them and a silicon oxide layer (B) containing alkali metal atoms, In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10⁻¹⁴. １８ atoms / cm ３ The above 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The following: The silicon oxide layer (B) contains one or more selected from the group consisting of Cl － , SO ３ － and NO ３ － and includes one or more selected from the group consisting of The thickness of the silicon oxide layer (B) is 15 nm or less. The water- and oil-repellent layer (C) is formed from a silane compound containing Si atoms to which hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups are bonded. The silane compound is an article that does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure.

2. The article according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal atom includes a sodium atom.

3. The silicon oxide layer (B) contains sodium atoms, In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average concentration of sodium atoms in the region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10⁻¹⁴. １８ atoms / cm ３ The above 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The article according to claim 1, which is as follows:

4. The article according to claim 1, wherein the silicon oxide layer (B) comprises one or more selected from condensates of silicate compounds and hydrolysates of alkoxysilanes.

5. The silicon oxide layer (B) is formed from a binder composition, The binder composition, The article according to claim 1, comprising a silicon dioxide precursor, an acid, and an alkali metal salt.

6. The silicon oxide layer (B) is formed from a liquid binder composition. The liquid binder composition, The article according to claim 1, comprising a silicon dioxide precursor, an acid, an alkali metal salt, and a solvent.

7. The article according to claim 5, wherein the silicon dioxide precursor comprises one or more selected from silicic acid compounds, condensates of silicic acid compounds, alkoxysilanes, and hydrolysis condensates of alkoxysilanes.

8. The silane compound in the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is given by the following formula (1): R Ａ１ α -X Ａ -R Ｓｉ β (1) [In formula (1), R Ａ１ This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group. R Ｓｉ This represents a monovalent group containing a Si atom to which a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group is bonded. X Ａ This represents a single bond or a group with 2 to 10 valents. α represents an integer from 1 to 9. β represents an integer between 1 and 9. An article according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a compound represented by the compound.

9. The silane compound is, in formula (1), R Ａ１ However, the following formula (A4) or (A5): R １１ａ -(R Ｓ ) γ１ -(SiR １２ａ ２ ) γ２ -(R Ａｒ ) γ３ - (A4) R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5) [In formula (A4), R １１ａ This represents a monovalent group or hydrocarbon group containing one or more Si atoms that are not directly bonded to a hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group. R Ｓ Each of these is independent and expressed by the following formula: 【Chemistry 1】 [In the formula: R ７３ Each of them is independently a single bond, C １－１２ Alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ is, independently of each other, C １－１２ alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and is R ７６ Each of them is independent of C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ７７ These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R ７８ Each of these is independently a single bond, or C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ７９ Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R ７５ is, independently of each other, a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x + y + z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the formula. It is a base represented by, R １２ａ Each of these independently represents a hydrocarbon group. R Ａｒ This represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, γ1 is either 0 or 1. γ2 is either 0 or 1. γ3 is either 0 or 1; In formula (A5), R １３ａ C １－１２ Represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or one of the A or B groups listed below. Groups A and B are given by the following formula: 【Chemistry 2】 [In the formula: R ５１ Each of them is independent of -(R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ -R ５３ It is a base represented by, R ６１ Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ５３ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ And, R ５１’ R ５１ It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number is 20 or less, R ５２ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. R ５４ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, nb is an integer between 1 and 5. z is either 0 or 1. This represents, R １４ａ Each of them is independent of C １－１２ Represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 1500. The article according to claim 8, comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

10. The silane compound is, in formula (1), X Ａ However, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ -, -CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ It is a group with 2 to 10 valent values, R ４１ is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ It is an alkyl group, R Ｓ The formula is as follows: 【Transformation 3】 [In the formula: R ７３ Each of them is independently a single bond, C １－１２ Alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ Each of them is independent of C １－１２ Alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ Each of them is independent of C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ７７ These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R ７８ Each of these is independently a single bond, or C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ７９ Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R ７５ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x + y + z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the formula. The article according to claim 8, comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

11. The silane compound is, in formula (1), X Ａ However, the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ -[(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２ ) ａ２ ]- [In the formula: X １２１ R １６１ ｂ１ R ６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si-, or R １６５ It is N-, R １６１ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, X １１０ This is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms. X １１１ These are single bonds or divalent organic groups. X １１２ -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -NR ４１ -, -CONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ CO-, -OCONR ４１ -, -NR ４１ COO-, -NR ４１ -CO-NR ４１ -, -O-, -S-, -CON= or R Ｓ And, R ４１ is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ It is an alkyl group, R Ｓ The formula is as follows: 【Chemistry 4】 [In the formula: R ７３ Each of them is independently a single bond, C １－１２ Alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７４ Each of them is independent of C １－１２ Alkylene group, -R ７６ -O-R ７６ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, -R ７８ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７８ -, or -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ -R ７７ -R ７９ -R ７６ -R ７９ - and R ７６ Each of them is independent of C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ７７ These are, independently, arylene groups which may be substituted, R ７８ Each of these is independently a single bond, or C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ７９ Each of these is independently a single bond or an oxygen atom. R ７５ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, x is an integer between 0 and 500. y is an integer between 0 and 500. z is an integer between 0 and 500. x + y + z is greater than or equal to 1. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted by x, y, or z and enclosed in parentheses, exists is arbitrary within the formula. It is a base represented by, a0 is either 0 or 1, a1 is an integer between 1 and 5. a2 is an integer between 0 and 5. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted as a1 or a2 and enclosed in parentheses, exists within the formula is arbitrary. A base represented by, or Formula (X) Ａ１ ): 【Transformation 5】 [In the formula, X ａ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent linking group. The article according to claim 8, comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

12. The silane compound is, in formula (1), R Ｓｉ However, the following formulas (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4), or (S5): 【Transformation 6】 [In the formula: R １１ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. X １１ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R １３ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Each t is an independent integer greater than or equal to 2. R １４ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or -X １１ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ And, R １５ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, and C １－６ Alkylene group or C １－６ It is an alkylene oxy group, R ａ１ Each of them is independent of -Z １ -SiR ２１ ｐ１ R ２２ ｑ１ R ２３ ｒ１ And; Z １ These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R ２１ Each of them is independent of -Z １’ -SiR ２１’ ｐ１’ R ２２’ ｑ１’ R ２３’ ｒ１’ And; R ２２ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, p1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. Each of q1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Each r1 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. Z １’ These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R ２１’ Each of them is independent of -Z １” -SiR ２２” ｑ１” R ２３” ｒ１” And; R ２２’ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３’ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, p1' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Each of q1' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. r1' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Z １” These are, independently, divalent organic groups, R ２２” Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ２３” Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, Each of q1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. Each of r1'' is an independent integer between 0 and 3. R ｂ１ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ｃ１ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, k1 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. l1 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. Each of the m1 values ​​is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. However, in formula (S3), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, R ｄ１ Each of them is independent of -Z ２ -CR ３１ ｐ２ R ３２ ｑ２ R ３３ ｒ２ And, Z ２ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. R ３１ Each of them is independent of -Z ２’ -CR ３２’ ｑ２’ R ３３’ ｒ２’ And, R ３２ Each of them is independent of -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ And, R ３３ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. p2 is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of each other. Each of the q2 values ​​is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Each of the r2 values ​​is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. Z ２’ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. R ３２’ Each of them is independent of -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ And, R ３３’ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. Each of q2' is an integer between 0 and 3, independently of the others. r2' are each independent integers between 0 and 3. Z ３ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group; R ３４ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R ３５ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. R ｅ１ Each of them is independent of -Z ３ -SiR ３４ ｎ２ R ３５ ３－ｎ２ And, R ｆ１ Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group. k2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. l2 are each an independent integer between 0 and 3. Each of the values ​​of m2 is an independent integer between 0 and 3. However, in formula (S4), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded, R ｇ１ and R ｈ１ Each of them is independent of -Z ４ -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ , -Z ４ -SiR ａ１ ｋ１ R ｂ１ ｌ１ R ｃ１ ｍ１ , or -Z ４ -CR ｄ１ ｋ２ R ｅ１ ｌ２ R ｆ１ ｍ２ And, Z ４ Each of these is independently a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a divalent organic group. However, in formula (S5), there are at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded. The article according to claim 8, comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

13. The silane compound is, in formula (1), R Ａ１ However, the following formula (A4') or (A5'): R １１ａ - (A4') R １３ａ -(SiR １４ａ ２ O ｎ -SiR １４ａ ２ - (A5) [In formula (A4'), R １１ａ The following is A: 【Transformation 7】 [In the formula: R ５１ Each of them is independent of R ５３ - (R ６１ -SiR ５３ ２ ) ｍａ It is a base represented by -, R ６１ Each of these is independently an oxygen atom, or C １－６ It is an alkylene group, R ５３ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group or R ５１’ And, R ５１’ R ５１ It is synonymous with, Each of ma is an independent integer between 1 and 5. However, R ５１ Medium, R ５１’ The number is 20 or less, R ５２ Each of these is independently a hydrocarbon group, na is an integer between 1 and 3. z is either 0 or 1. It is a base represented by; In formula (A5'), R １３ａ C １－１２ Represents an alkyl group, R １４ａ Each of them is independent of C １－１２ Represents an alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 1500. It is a base represented by; X Ａ However, the following formula: -(X １２１ ) ａ０ -X １１０ -[(X １１１ ) ａ１ -(X １１２’ ) ａ２ ]- [In the formula: X １２１ R １６１ ｂ１ R ６２ ３－ｂ１ C-, R １６３ ｂ２ R １６４ ３－ｂ２ Si-, or R １６５ It is N-, R １６１ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R １６２ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６３ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. R １６４ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R １６５ Each of these is independently a single bond or a divalent organic group. b1 is 2 or 3, b2 is 2 or 3, X １１０ This is a single bond or an alkylene group having one or more carbon atoms. X １１１ These are single bonds or divalent organic groups. X １１２’ is -CO-, -NR ４１ -, -CONR ４１ -, or -NR ４１ CO-, R ４１ is a hydrogen atom, an oxyalkylene-containing group, or C １－６ It is an alkyl group, a0 is either 0 or 1, a1 is an integer between 1 and 5. a2 is an integer between 0 and 5. The order in which each repeating unit, denoted as a1 or a2 and enclosed in parentheses, exists within the formula is arbitrary. It is a base represented by, R Ｓｉ However, equation (S2): -SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ (S2) [In formula (S2), R １１ Each of these is independently a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, R １２ Each of these is independently a monovalent organic group, n1 is (SiR １１ ｎ１ R １２ ３－ｎ１ Each unit is an independent integer between 0 and 3. The article according to claim 8, comprising a compound which is a group represented by .

14. A method for manufacturing an article, The article comprises a base material (A) and A water- and oil-repellent layer (C) formed from a silane compound containing Si atoms to which hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups are bonded, Displaced between the substrate (A) and the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C), the silicon oxide layer (B) containing alkali metal atoms is provided. The silane compound does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure. In the silicon oxide layer (B), the average concentration of alkali metal atoms in the region at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 nm from the surface in contact with the water-repellent and oil-repellent layer (C) is 1.4 × 10⁻¹⁴. １８ atoms / cm ３ The above 2.6 x 10 ２０ atoms / cm ３ The following: The silicon oxide layer (B) is made of Cl － SO ３ － and NO ３ － It includes one or more species selected from the group consisting of, A method for manufacturing an article, wherein the thickness of the silicon oxide layer (B) is 15 nm or less.

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