A transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating that can be directly formed as a topcoat at room temperature using moisture, and a colored, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating that can be directly formed as a topcoat at room temperature using moisture.

Abstract

Relates to an antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating, its use, an antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface layer, and an antifouling and corrosion-resistant metal. The antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating of the present invention includes a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating and a color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating. This coating can be applied to a metal plate prone to corrosion or a metal plate prone to corrosion (object to be coated) provided with a protective coating layer, and has properties such as antifouling, water repellency, graffiti resistance, corrosion resistance, heat change resistance, impact resistance, and flexibility. It cures at room temperature and can be used directly outdoors. It can also be directly applied to a metal surface that is not easily rusted and retains the above-mentioned properties as well.

Description

Technical Field

[0004]

[0001] The present invention relates to surface coatings, and more particularly to a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating as a topcoat that can be directly formed by moisture at room temperature, and a colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating as a topcoat that can be directly formed by moisture at room temperature.

Background Art

[0002] Currently, known paints for steel materials are usually applied with at least two layers. The first layer is the primer, and the second layer is the topcoat for color coil steel. The first-layer primer is applied for the purpose of enhancing the adhesion between the topcoat of color coil steel and the surface of the steel material substrate. Common primer materials are polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, or polyester resin, and the film thickness is about 5 - 20 μm. The second-layer topcoat for color coil steel is for protecting the steel material from corrosion and imparting color to the appearance. As ordinary topcoat materials, fluororesin paints, silicone-modified polyester resin (SMP), polyester resin (PE), etc. are used, and the film thickness is about 25 - 30 μm. Fluororesin paints include PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride), FEVE (fluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), etc.

[0003] As an example, the PVDF fluororesin paint will be described. PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) is a highly non-reactive thermoplastic fluoropolymer. PVDF is mainly used in applications where solvent resistance and acid and alkali corrosion resistance are required. For example, PVDF is used in the manufacture of pipe materials, plate materials, films, substrates, and insulating outer skins of cables, and injection molding and welding are also possible.

[0004] PVDF is also used as a high-grade metallic coating and has been used in many famous buildings around the world, such as the Petronas Twin Towers in Malaysia and Taipei 101 in Taiwan. It is also used in metal roofing materials for commercial buildings and residential buildings. When used on the exterior walls of typical traditional buildings, PVDF fluoropolymer coatings offer the advantage of high weather resistance, durability, and corrosion resistance, preventing fading and deterioration even when exposed to sunlight and rain. Furthermore, PVDF fluoropolymer coatings have good salt abrasion resistance and extremely high corrosion resistance.

[0005] However, when used outdoors, for example, if nails are driven into a galvanized steel sheet coated with PVDF, the damaged area will rust, which is a drawback. Also, because PVDF fluoropolymer coating requires heating at high temperatures (240-300 degrees Celsius), it cannot be used directly outdoors and can only be processed in a factory. Furthermore, because high-temperature processing is required, it is difficult to apply to titanium sheets, which can lead to discoloration and deformation problems.

[0006] Furthermore, PVDF has relatively low hardness, around HB, and its water contact angle (hydrophobic angle) is about 80-90 degrees, while its water sliding angle is about 40-50 degrees. As a result, it has poor stain resistance, fails to meet graffiti prevention standards, and is difficult to clean. One of the problems with cleaning is that it takes a lot of time for cleaners to clean it effectively, and if efficiency is required, strong acids or alkalis may be used, which can shorten the lifespan of the building and lead to the waste of energy and resources.

[0007] Furthermore, if you nail a galvanized steel sheet coated with PVDF paint to fix something in place, the damaged part will rust. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] Therefore, the object of this application is to provide a surface coating that can be applied on top of PVDF fluororesin coating or applied directly to the material to be coated, thereby maintaining the original gloss, preventing rust, improving surface hardness, preventing powdering of the undercoat, reducing the difficulty of processing, avoiding discoloration and deformation, and furthermore, being easy to wash and clean with water.

[0009] Furthermore, another important objective of this application is to provide a color-resistant, anti-fouling, corrosion-resistant, hydrophobic coating that has high adhesion to both polar and weakly polar materials, which reacts and adheres directly to steel and non-ferrous metals without the use of a primer, imparts appropriate color and gloss to the coating target, can be applied directly at the construction site, and does not require heating or processing in a factory.

[0010] Furthermore, an even better form is needed: a surface coating that can be applied directly to the substrate, is compatible with conventional methods, and can also be applied over PVDF fluororesin coatings. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] In order to resolve the above-mentioned problems and other issues, This application provides a transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating that can be directly formed as a topcoat at room temperature using moisture, and a colored, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating that can be directly formed as a topcoat at room temperature using moisture.

[0012] Another objective of this application is to provide a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating and its use, a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface layer, and a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant metal.

[0013] Furthermore, another object of this application is to provide a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating and its use, a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant surface layer, and a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant metal.

[0014] The above A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating that can be directly formed as a topcoat at room temperature using humidity. This product can be directly applied to corroded metal plates with a protective coating, and possesses properties such as stain resistance, hydrophobicity, graffiti resistance, corrosion resistance, transparency, transparent matte finish, heat and cold resistance, impact resistance, and flexibility. It does not alter the original color or gloss of the coated object, hardens at room temperature, and can be used directly outdoors. It can also be processed in a factory by heat curing.

[0015] As mentioned above A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating that can be directly formed as a topcoat at room temperature using humidity. This product can be directly applied to rust-resistant metal surfaces and possesses properties such as stain resistance, hydrophobicity, graffiti resistance, corrosion resistance, transparency, transparent matte finish, heat and cold resistance, impact resistance, and flexibility. It does not alter the original color or gloss of the coated object, hardens at room temperature, and can be used directly outdoors. It can also be processed in a factory by heat curing.

[0016] To achieve the above and other objectives, embodiments of this application provide a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating as a topcoat that can be directly formed by moisture at room temperature, comprising: a fluorinated modified polysilazane copolymer; by weight percentage (wt %) When displayed, the content of this fluorinated modified polysilazane copolymer is approximately 5-80%. weight It is a percentage.

[0017] Preferably, this fluorinated modified polysilazane copolymer is Fluorine-containing compounds and siloxane compound and Shirazan compound It is composed of a copolymer of the following. Preferably, Fluorine-containing compounds Approximately 10-30 weight %, Siloxane compound Approximately 20-30 weight %, Shirazan compound Approximately 40-70 weight This is %. This fluorinated modified polysilazane copolymer is composed of a mixture of exemplary forms of the copolymers listed below, and is not limited to a single polymer.

[0018] Preferably, The aforementioned fluorine-containing compound, including, but not limited to, poly-heptadecafluorodecyl-methylsiloxane, poly-nonafluorohexyl-siloxane, polymethyl-trifluoropropyl-siloxane, hexafluoropropylene oxide, perfluoropolyether sulfonic acid, perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, polytetrafluoroethylene perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluorosulfonyl vinyl ether, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluoroethyl vinyl ether, or hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer vinyl ether.

[0019] Preferably, this siloxane compound is including, but not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), methyl silicone resins, cyclopentasiloxane, phenyl trimethicone, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (amodimethicone), cyclomethicone.

[0020] Preferably, this As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating further contains a solvent.

[0021] This application As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature aims to provide a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating and its use as a top coat to be applied to a metal plate with a metal protective coating on its surface. Preferably, this metal protective coating includes, but is not limited to, a fluororesin baking paint, a silicone-modified reinforced polyester baking paint, a silicone-modified reinforced fluororesin baking paint or a polyester baking paint. Further, it also includes, but is not limited to, fluororesin (PVDF), silicone-modified reinforced polyester resin paint (SMP), silicone-modified reinforced fluororesin (SMPF) or polyester baking paint (PE).

[0022] To provide further protection, for example, on PVDF, SMP, or SMPF, this coating prevents powdering and reduces issues of fading and deterioration. This coating can also prevent powdering of other coatings containing acrylic components. In addition to powdering prevention and further protection, this coating also offers graffiti resistance and ease of cleaning.

[0023] Preferably, the metal of this (corrosive) metal plate includes, but is not limited to, iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy.

[0024] The purpose of this application is also, As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating, intended for direct application as a topcoat to corrosion-resistant metal plates. Preferably, the metal of this (corrosion-resistant) plate includes, but is not limited to, titanium or a titanium alloy.

[0025] Another object of this application is to provide a transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface layer, which is formed by applying the aforementioned coating and curing it at room temperature with humidity or by heat curing.

[0026] Another object of this application is to provide a transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant metal, which bonds the aforementioned coating to the surface of a corrosion-resistant metal. This corrosion-resistant metal includes, but is not limited to, titanium or titanium alloys.

[0027] Another object of this application is to provide a transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant metal by bonding the aforementioned coating to the surface of a corrosive metal. Preferably, this metal protective coating includes, but is not limited to, fluoropolymer baked coatings, silicone-modified and strengthened polyester baked coatings, silicone-modified and strengthened fluoropolymer baked coatings, or polyester baked coatings. Preferably, the corrosive metal includes, but is not limited to, iron plates, steel plates, galvanized steel plates, nickel-plated iron plates, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloys, or aluminum alloys.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and other problems, this application, As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating and its use, a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant surface layer, and a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant metal.

[0029] Another objective of this application is to have high adhesion to both polar and weakly polar materials. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating.

[0030] Furthermore, the purpose of this application is to provide a coating that adheres directly to steel or non-ferrous metals without the use of a primer, thereby imparting appropriate color and gloss to the coating target. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating.

[0031] Another objective of this application is to provide a coating that can be applied directly at an already constructed site without requiring heating or factory processing. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating.

[0032] Furthermore, the objective of this application is to provide a coating that can be applied directly to the target surface, is compatible with conventional methods, and can also be applied to metal protective coatings (for example, PVDF fluoropolymer baked coatings). As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating.

[0033] Furthermore, other objectives of this application include maintaining the luster of the coated object (metal), preventing rust, improving surface hardness, preventing powdering of the undercoat, reducing the difficulty of processing, avoiding discoloration and deformation, and facilitating washing and cleaning. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating.

[0034] Finally, the purpose of this application is to achieve the above-mentioned objectives. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The objective is to provide a color-resistant, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating, a color-resistant, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface layer, and a color-resistant, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant metal.

[0035] To achieve the above and other objectives, embodiments of this application provide a color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating as a topcoat that can be directly formed by moisture at room temperature, and include: the aforementioned transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating as a topcoat that can be directly formed by moisture at room temperature, and a surface modifying pigment, in a weight percentage (wt %) When displayed, the surface-modifying pigment is approximately 0.05 to 25 weight It is a percentage.

[0036] Preferably, this surface-modifying pigment comprises a surface modifier and a pigment. Preferably, the surface modifier includes, but is not limited to, silane, acrylamide-based silane, benzylsilane, urea-based silane, amide-based silane, epoxy-based silane, and amino-based silane.

[0037] Preferably, this pigment includes, but is not limited to, organic or inorganic pigments with color numbers such as PY194, PY150, PY154, PY83, PO36, PR254, PR179, PR122, PV19, PV23, PB15-1, PB15-3, PB15-4, PG7, PG36, PW6, PBk7, PBk28, PBk33, PB28, PBr24, PBr29, PY42, PY184, PY53, PY119, PY164, PG17, PR101, etc. This also includes similar colors such as Chrome Antimony Titanium Buff Rutile (PBR24-S), Bismuth Vanadate (PY184-S), Cobalt Blue (PB28-S), Red Iron Oxide (PR101-S), and Copper Chromite Black Spinel (PBk28-S).

[0038] Preferably, the solvent is further added at a rate of 35-85%. weight %include.

[0039] To achieve the above and other objectives, the embodiments of this application are provided. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperatureThe present invention provides a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating for use as a topcoat applied to metal sheets that have a metal protective coating on their surface. Preferably, the metal of the metal sheet includes, but is not limited to, iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, aluminum, or aluminum alloy.

[0040] To achieve the above and other objectives, the embodiments of this application are provided. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature The present invention provides a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating for use as a topcoat applied directly to metal sheets. Preferably, the metal of the metal sheet includes, but is not limited to, titanium or a titanium alloy.

[0041] To achieve the above and other objectives, the embodiments of this application provide a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant surface layer, as described above. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature This method involves applying a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating, and then curing it at room temperature with humidity or by heat.

[0042] Furthermore, the embodiments of this application provide a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant metal, as described above. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature This method involves bonding a color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating to a metal surface. Preferably, this metal includes, but is not limited to, titanium or a titanium alloy.

[0043] Furthermore, the embodiments of this application provide a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant metal, as described above. As a topcoat that can be formed directly by moisture at room temperature This method involves bonding a color-protective, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating to a metal surface coated with a metal protective layer. Preferably, this metal protective layer includes, but is not limited to, fluororesin baked coating, silicone-modified and strengthened polyester baked coating, silicone-modified and strengthened fluororesin baked coating, or polyester baked coating. Preferably, this metal includes, but is not limited to, iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy. [Effects of the Invention]

[0044] The aforementioned coating can be cured at room temperature using moisture, can be used directly on-site, and does not require heat curing, thus saving energy, reducing the carbon footprint, and shortening the number and time of processing steps. Furthermore, the coating of the present invention can be applied to low-melting-point surfaces of workpieces and has a wide range of applications for various materials.

[0045] Furthermore, because the aforementioned paints harden at room temperature and can be used directly outdoors, there is no need for a primer. They react directly with and adhere to steel and non-ferrous metals, providing the appropriate color and gloss to the coated object. In addition, they can be applied directly to already completed sites in the aftermarket, and do not require heating or processing in a factory, making them particularly suitable as specialized paints for metals. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0046] The following examples will be described in two main categories: 1. Transparent matte, stain-resistant, corrosion-resistant surface coating. 2. Color-matched stain-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface coating.

[0047] The main focus of the test is as follows: A. The paint adheres to the metal surface having a metal protective coating. B. The paint adheres to a metal surface that does not have a protective coating.

[0048] The focus of Test A is the problem of rusting when a metal plate coated with PVDF, a conventional technology, is fixed with nails. In the following embodiment, we will test whether the coating of this application can effectively suppress rust.

[0049] The focus of Test B is on the problems that conventional PVDF loses its metallic luster when applied directly to a titanium plate, and that the titanium plate discolors and deforms due to the processing temperature. In the following embodiments, we will test whether the coating layer of this application can achieve these effects without requiring high temperatures.

[0050] 1-A: Transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating; the coating adheres to a metal surface having a metal protective coating.

[0051] Comparative Example 1-1: A German-made resin, Gamet Primer W, was used as the undercoat, and Gamet #1000 was used as the topcoat. The dry film thickness of the undercoat was 5 μm, and the dry film thickness of the topcoat was 20 μm. These were applied to a galvanized steel sheet (Yieh Phui Z27). Each was heated at 240 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes to obtain the finished board. This finished board was fixed to a wooden board with screws, and water contact angle, sliding angle, and salt spray resistance tests were performed. The water contact angle was 85 ± 5 degrees, the sliding angle was 55 ± 5 degrees, and the salt spray resistance test showed that rust formed around the screws.

[0052] Comparative Example 1-2: Yehui 2C energy-saving baked-on coated steel, pre-coated with silicone-modified polyester resin paint, was used as the substrate, and the drying film thickness and heating conditions were the same as in Comparative Example 1-1. The finished plate was fixed to a wooden board with screws, and water contact angle, sliding angle, and salt spray resistance tests were performed. The water contact angle was 75±5 degrees, the sliding angle was 50±5 degrees, and rust formed around the screws as a result of the salt spray resistance test.

[0053] Example 1-1: The finished board of Comparative Example 1-1 was coated with the transparent matte anti-fouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating (model number: HyperDurays CP series) of this application and cured with moisture at room temperature. The surface dried in 1 hour and was completely cured in 4 hours. The finished board of Example 1-1 was fixed to a wooden board with screws, and water contact angle, sliding angle, and salt spray resistance tests were performed. The water contact angle was 107±5 degrees, the sliding angle was 15±5 degrees, and no rust occurred as a result of the salt spray resistance test.

[0054] Examples 1-2: The finished panels of Comparative Example 1-2 were coated with the transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating (model number: HyperDurays CP series) of this application and cured at room temperature with moisture. The surface dried in 1 hour and was completely cured in 4 hours. The finished panels of Example 1-2 were fixed to a wooden board with screws, and water contact angle, sliding angle, and salt spray resistance tests were performed. The water contact angle was 107±5 degrees, the sliding angle was 15±5 degrees, and no rust occurred as a result of the salt spray resistance test.

[0055] In other words, both Examples 1-1 and 1-2 exhibit high hydrophobicity (water contact angle, sliding angle) and high resistance to salt mist.

[0056] Therefore, the transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating disclosed in this embodiment is suitable for use as a topcoat on metal sheets having a metal protective coating. This metal protective coating includes PVDF fluoropolymer coatings, SMPF silicone-modified fluoropolymer coatings, SMP silicone-modified polyester coatings, or PE polyester coatings. The metals include iron sheets, aluminum sheets, steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets, nickel-plated iron sheets, or various metal sheets for metal curtain walls.

[0057] 1-B: Transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating; the coating adheres to metal surfaces that do not have a protective coating layer.

[0058] Comparative Examples 1-3: 10 weight % Easy Clean Resin (Merck 1500RC) and 90 weight A mixture of % propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) solvent was applied to a titanium plate (Goukyo Titanium Industry TC4) as an easy-clean coating. After curing at room temperature and humidity, the surface dried in 1 hour, and the dry film thickness was 1 μm when curing was complete in 4 hours. Water contact angle, sliding angle, UV accelerated aging (QUV weathering resistance), gloss, and bending (0T “T” Bend) tests were performed. The results showed a water contact angle of 100±5 degrees, a sliding angle of 55±5 degrees, a gloss of 640 at 60 degrees, and damage to the coating layer at the T bend. The contact angles before and after QUV were less than 100 degrees at 200 hours, less than 90 degrees at 400 hours, and less than 80 degrees at 2000 hours.

[0059] Analysis of the results for Comparative Examples 1-3 revealed that the 60-degree gloss of the unpainted titanium metal sheet was 800, but after painting it dropped to 640, indicating a problem of light pollution on building exteriors due to reflection. While the increased contact angle provides an easy-clean effect, it has poor weather resistance, and there is also the problem that the film layer is prone to cracking when the titanium sheet is bent outdoors.

[0060] Comparative Example 1-4: 10 weight 90% Easy Clean Resin (Merck 1800RC) weight% propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) solvent and 0.03 weight A % matte powder (Fuji Sylysia SY-350) was added and applied to a titanium plate (Gokyo Titanium Industry TC4) as an easy-clean coating. After curing at room temperature and humidity, the surface dried in 1 hour, and the dry film thickness was 1 μm when curing was complete in 4 hours. Water contact angle, sliding angle, gloss, and bending (0T “T” Bend) tests were performed. The results showed a water contact angle of 100±5 degrees, a sliding angle of 55±5 degrees, a gloss of 318 at 60 degrees, and the coating layer was damaged at the T bend.

[0061] Analysis of the results for Comparative Examples 1-4 shows that the 60-degree gloss of the unpainted titanium metal sheet was 800, but after painting it was 318. While there was no reflection, the matte powder was opaque white, so it could not reproduce the original metallic luster of the titanium sheet. Furthermore, the film layer was prone to cracking under bending stress in outdoor environments. In addition, adding the matte powder may damage the metal structure due to thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes.

[0062] Examples 1-3: The transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating (model number: HyperDurays CP series) described in this application was applied to a titanium plate (Gyokyo Titanium Industry TC4). After curing at room temperature and humidity, the surface dried in 1 hour and curing was completed in 4 hours, resulting in a dry film thickness of 1 μm. Water contact angle, sliding angle, gloss, and bending (0T “T” Bend) tests were performed. The results showed a water contact angle of 107 ± 5 degrees, a sliding angle of 15 ± 5 degrees, a gloss of 540 at 60 degrees, and the coating layer remained intact without cracking at the T bend. The contact angles before and after QUV were less than 112 degrees at 200 hours, less than 110 degrees at 400 hours, and less than 108 degrees at 2000 hours.

[0063] Analysis of the results in Examples 1-3 shows that the 60-degree gloss of the unpainted titanium metal sheet was 800, but after painting it was reduced to 540. This indicates that the matte metallic luster is maintained without causing light pollution to the building's exterior wall, and that it offers easy cleaning and weather resistance. Furthermore, the film layer showed resistance to cracking even when the titanium sheet was significantly bent outdoors.

[0064] These results indicate that the transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating of this application is suitable for use as a topcoat applied directly to metal plates. The metal is preferably a titanium alloy. In particular, a key feature of this transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating is that it does not require the addition of materials such as quenching powder for the matte effect.

[0065] To verify the technical effects of the above embodiments, this application commissioned the Taiwan SGS Materials Technology Institute and, in cooperation with the Taiwan Paint Association, the Industrial Technology Research Institute, and others, verified the following items: gloss, dry film hardness, adhesion, impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, dry film thickness, moisture resistance, water contact angle, cyclic corrosion test, weather resistance, and salt spray test.

[0066] Table 1 shows the test equipment. Table 2 shows the test conditions. Table 3 shows the test results.

[0067] [Table 1]

[0068] [Table 2]

[0069] [Table 3] [Table 4]

[0070] The transparent matte, stain-resistant, graffiti-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating of this embodiment is fluorinated and modified. PolysiloxaneBy containing [specific ingredient], it can be directly applied to corroded metal plates with a protective undercoat, and possesses properties such as anti-staining, hydrophobicity, graffiti resistance, corrosion resistance, transparency, transparent matte finish, resistance to temperature changes, impact resistance, and flexibility. Furthermore, it does not change the original color or gloss of the coated object, hardens at room temperature, can be used directly outdoors, and can also be used for factory processing by heating and solidifying. Furthermore, the transparent matte antifouling, graffiti-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating of this application can be directly applied to rust-resistant metal surfaces, and can be applied directly with the addition of quenching powder, or it can exhibit the same transparent matte properties without using quenching powder.

[0071] 2-A: Colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating; the coating adheres to the metal surface having a protective coating layer.

[0072] Comparative Example 2-1: Deya Resin's Gamet Primer W was used as the undercoat, and Duranar fluoropolymer baked coating from PPG, USA, was used as the topcoat, applied to plated steel sheet (Yieh Phui Z27). The undercoat dry film thickness was 7 μm, and the topcoat dry film thickness was 25 μm. The undercoat was heated at 240°C for 10 minutes, and the topcoat at 250°C for 15 minutes to obtain the finished board. The finished board was screwed to a wooden board, and water contact angle, sliding angle, and salt spray resistance tests were conducted. The results were as follows: water contact angle 82 ± 5 degrees, sliding angle 53 ± 5 degrees, and the salt spray resistance test showed rust formation around the screws.

[0073] Comparative Example 2-2: Deya Resin's Gamet Primer W2 was used as the undercoat, and Deya Resin's GAMET #1000 fluororesin baked coating was used as the topcoat, applied to Huashinlihua's 2B cold-rolled stainless steel sheet. The undercoat dry film thickness was 5 μm, and the topcoat dry film thickness was 20 μm. The undercoat was heated at 240 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes, and the topcoat at 240 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes to obtain the finished sheet. The finished sheet was screwed to a wooden board, and water contact angle, sliding angle, and salt spray resistance tests were conducted. The results were as follows: water contact angle 85 ± 5 degrees, sliding angle 55 ± 5 degrees, and no clear rust occurred around the screws in the salt spray resistance test.

[0074] Example 2-1: The plated steel sheet (Yieh Phui Z27) was treated with HyperDurays RG-PBR24 (surface modification pigment PBR24-S 5) according to this example. weight %, fluorinated modified polysiloxane 50 weight %, Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate PMA solvent 45 weight %) was applied. The dry film thickness was 15 μm. Curing was done at room temperature and humidity for 1 hour, the surface dried, and after 4 hours of complete curing, the finished board was screwed to the wooden board. Test items: water contact angle, sliding angle, salt spray resistance test, QUV weathering resistance test (ultraviolet accelerated aging), bending (0T "T" Bend). Results: water contact angle 103 ± 5 degrees, sliding angle 12 ± 3 degrees, salt spray resistance test: no rust, QUV: 200 hours < 108 degrees, 400 hours < 106 degrees, 2000 hours < 103 degrees.

[0075] Example 2-2: In this example, HyperDurays RG-PBI28 (surface-modifying pigment PBI28-S 0.1) was applied to a stainless steel sheet (Hua Xin Li Hua 2B cold-rolled). weight %, fluorinated modified polysiloxane 5 weight %, PMA solvent 94.9 weight %) was applied. The dry film thickness was 5 μm. Curing was done at room temperature and humidity for 1 hour, the surface dried, and after 4 hours of complete curing, the finished board was screwed to the wooden board. Test items: water contact angle, sliding angle, salt spray resistance test, QUV weather resistance test, 0T T-Bend. Results: water contact angle 105 ± 5 degrees, sliding angle 10 ± 3 degrees, salt spray resistance test: no rust, QUV: 200 hours < 110 degrees, 400 hours < 109 degrees, 2000 hours < 105 degrees.

[0076] 2-B: Colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating; the coating adheres to metal surfaces that do not have a protective coating layer.

[0077] Comparative Example 2-3: 20 weight 79.5% Easy Clean Resin (Merck 1500RC) weight % propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) solvent, and 0.5 weightA red coating layer was formed by mixing with % PR101 and applied to a titanium plate (Goukyo Titanium Industry TC4), with a dry film thickness of 15 μm. Surface drying took 1 hour at room temperature and humidity, and after complete curing in 4 hours, tests were conducted for water contact angle, sliding angle, UV accelerated aging (QUV weathering resistance), and bending (0T “T” Bend). Test results: Water contact angle 100±5 degrees, sliding angle 55±5 degrees, T bend test result: coating layer rupture, contact angle before and after UV: 200 hours < 100 degrees, 500 hours < 90 degrees, 2000 hours < 75 degrees. Explanation: When applying a red surface coating to the original titanium metal plate, it can be used as a single layer, and the contact angle increases and there is an easy-clean effect, but because the pigment is not surface-modified and only physically mixed, the weather resistance is low, and the film layer is prone to cracking when the titanium plate is bent outdoors.

[0078] Examples 2-3: The titanium plate (Total Strength Titanium Industry TC4) is treated with HyperDurays RG-0226 (surface modification pigment PR-101 3) as in this example. weight %, fluorinated modified polysiloxane 35 weight %, PMA solvent 62 weight %) was applied. The dry film thickness was 10 μm. Surface drying occurred in 1 hour by room temperature humidity curing, and after complete curing in 4 hours, the finished board was screwed to the wooden board. Test items: water contact angle, sliding angle, salt spray resistance test, QUV weather resistance test, 0TT-Bend. Test results: water contact angle 104 ± 5 ​​degrees, sliding angle 11 ± 3 degrees, salt spray resistance test: no rust, QUV: 200 hours < 109 degrees, 400 hours < 108 degrees, 2000 hours < 104 degrees.

[0079] The overall characteristics of HyperDurays RG in the example are as follows: [Table 5]

[0080] The tests concerning other properties of the colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating in the above-mentioned embodiment are similar to those of the transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating described above, and therefore a detailed explanation is omitted here.

[0081] In summary, this embodiment provides a colored, stain-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and hydrophobic coating with high adhesion to polar and weakly polar materials. It can be applied directly to steel or non-ferrous metals without the use of a primer, provides appropriate color and gloss to the coating, and can be applied directly at the finished site in the aftermarket without the need for heating or factory processing.

[0082] Furthermore, the paint in this embodiment is fluorinated and modified Polysiloxane This product contains resins, silicone-modified pigments, fillers, additives, and solvents, and without using conventional fluororesin structures, it possesses high adhesion, stain resistance, graffiti resistance, cyclic corrosion resistance, salt spray resistance, weather resistance, hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, high temperature resistance, cold and thermal shock resistance, and simultaneous hardness and flexibility, as well as low energy curing properties. Furthermore, it has stain resistance, corrosion resistance, salt spray resistance, and cleanability, and can be cured at room temperature with moisture, making it suitable for direct use on-site. It also exhibits good adhesion to silicone adhesives for waterproof sealing.

[0083] Furthermore, the paint used in this embodiment can be processed in-house, and its hardening can be accelerated by heating, making it compatible with conventional construction methods.

[0084] Furthermore, the paint of this embodiment can be applied directly to steel surfaces without the need for a primer, has a film thickness of 15-20 μm, and can be cured with less energy, resulting in energy savings, reduced carbon footprint, and reduced processing time. However, it possesses the same weather resistance and corrosion resistance as conventional two-layer protective coatings, and also offers improved stain resistance and ease of cleaning, significantly reducing the amount of water and detergent used during maintenance, thus aligning with ESG principles.

[0085] In other words, non-ferrous metals on the market (stainless steel, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, etc.) do not rust or corrode, but their low surface energy makes them difficult to adhere to with conventional paints. Therefore, they are usually left untreated (resulting in high gloss and a risk of light pollution) or subjected to a physical matte finish before being processed and molded as composite panels. The paint of this embodiment can be directly applied to non-ferrous metals, with a film thickness of 3-20 μm, and can add properties such as translucent or completely opaque tint, gloss (high gloss or matte), stain resistance, hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, and ease of cleaning. Furthermore, using non-ferrous metal materials with a single layer of paint makes it easier to recover waste materials and reuse non-ferrous metals when buildings are renovated, aligning with the circular economy and ESG principles, and significantly reducing the carbon footprint.

[0086] In summary, the antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coatings of this embodiment include transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coatings and colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coatings, and a common technical feature of both is fluorination modification. Polysiloxane This is a technical means. Depending on the presence or absence of surface-modifying pigments, those skilled in the art can choose to implement either a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating or a colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating.

[0087] Furthermore, the applications of antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coatings can be extended to antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface layers and antifouling and corrosion-resistant metals. The transparent matte series discloses transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coatings, their applications, transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface layers, and transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant metals. On the other hand, the colored series discloses colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coatings, their applications, colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface layers, and colored antifouling and corrosion-resistant metals.

[0088] Furthermore, the technology described in this application allows for room-temperature, moisture-curing, can be used directly on-site, and does not require heat curing, thus saving energy, reducing the carbon footprint, and shortening processing steps and time. In addition, this technology can be applied to coatings with low melting points and is compatible with a wide range of materials.

[0089] This technology hardens at room temperature and can be used directly outdoors. It adheres directly to steel and non-ferrous metals without the need for a primer, providing the appropriate color and gloss to the surface to be coated. It can be applied directly to finished sites in the aftermarket without the need for heating or factory processing, making it particularly suitable for metal applications. (Note) This disclosure includes the following aspects. Item 1: A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating containing fluorinated modified polysilazane, wherein the content of the fluorinated modified polysilazane is approximately 5-80% by weight percentage (wt%). Item 2: The transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating according to item 1, wherein the fluorinated modified polysilazane is composed of a copolymer of fluoride, siloxane, and silazane. Item 3: A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating as described in item 2, wherein the fluoride is approximately 10-30%, the siloxane is approximately 20-30%, and the silazane is approximately 40-70%. Item 4: The fluorinated modified polysilazane includes, but is not limited to, poly-heptadecafluorodecyl-methylsiloxane, poly-nonafluorohexyl-siloxane, polymethyl-trifluoropropyl-siloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, hexafluorooxypropylene, perfluoropolyethersulfonic acid, perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, polytetrafluoroethylene perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluorosulfonyl vinyl ether, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluoroethyl vinyl ether, perfluoro-3-5-oxahexyl vinyl, or hexafluorooxypropylene trimer vinyl ether, as described in item 2, for a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating. Item 5: The siloxane includes, but is not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane, methylsiloxane resin, cyclopentasiloxane, phenyl trimethicone, amino-sealed polydimethylsiloxane, or cyclomethicone, as described in item 2, for a transparent, matte, antifouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating. Item 6: A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating as described in item 1, further containing a solvent. Item 7: A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in any one of items 1 to 6, to be applied as a topcoat to a metal plate having a metal protective coating layer. Item 8: The transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in item 7, wherein the metal protective coating layer includes, but is not limited to, fluorocarbon resin baked coating, silicone-modified and strengthened polyester baked coating, silicone-modified and strengthened fluorocarbon resin baked coating, or polyester resin baked coating. Item 9: The transparent, matte, stain-resistant, corrosion-resistant surface coating described in item 7, wherein the metal of the metal plate includes, but is not limited to, iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy. Item 10: A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in any one of items 1 to 6, which is applied directly to a metal plate. Item 11: The transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in item 10, wherein the metal of the metal plate includes, but is not limited to, titanium or a titanium alloy. Item 12: A transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface layer comprising a transparent matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in any one of items 1 to 6, which is firmly formed after application by curing at room temperature with humidity or by heat. Item 13: A transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant metal comprising a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating as described in any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the metal includes, but is not limited to, titanium or a titanium alloy. Item 14: A transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant metal comprising a transparent matte antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in any one of items 1 to 6, bonded to a metal surface having a metal protective coating layer, wherein the metal protective coating layer includes, but is not limited to, fluorocarbon resin baked coating, silicone-modified and strengthened polyester baked coating, silicone-modified and strengthened fluorocarbon resin baked coating, or polyester resin baked coating, and the metal includes, but is not limited to, iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy. Item 15: A color-protective, antifouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating comprising fluorinated modified polysilazane and a surface-modifying pigment, wherein the content of the fluorinated modified polysilazane is approximately 5-60% by weight (wt%), and the content of the surface-modifying pigment is approximately 0.05-25%. Item 16: The color-protective, antifouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating according to item 15, wherein the fluorinated modified polysilazane is composed of a copolymer of fluoride, siloxane, and silazane. Item 17: A color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating according to item 16, wherein the fluoride is approximately 10-30%, the siloxane is approximately 20-30%, and the silazane is approximately 40-70%. Item 18: The fluorinated modified polysilazane includes, but is not limited to, poly-heptadecafluorodecyl-methylsiloxane, poly-nonafluorohexyl-siloxane, polymethyl-trifluoropropyl-siloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, hexafluorooxypropylene, perfluoropolyethersulfonic acid, perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, polytetrafluoroethylene perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluorosulfonyl vinyl ether, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluoroethyl vinyl ether, perfluoro-3-5-oxahexyl vinyl, or hexafluorooxypropylene trimer vinyl ether, as described in item 15. Item 19: The siloxane includes, but is not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane, methylsiloxane resin, cyclopentasiloxane, phenyl trimethicone, amino-sealed polydimethylsiloxane, or cyclomethicone, as described in item 17. Item 20: The color-protective, anti-fouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in item 15, wherein the surface-modifying pigment comprises a surface modifier and a pigment. Item 21: The color-protective, antifouling, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in item 20, wherein the surface modifier includes, but is not limited to, silane, acrylamide-based silane, benzyl-based silane, urea-based silane, amide-based silane, epoxy-based silane, or amino-based silane. Item 22: A color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating as described in item 20, wherein the pigment includes, but is not limited to, an organic or inorganic pigment corresponding to the color numbers PY194, PY150, PY154, PY83, PO36, PR254, PR179, PR122, PV19, PV23, PB15-1, PB15-3, PB15-4, PG7, PG36, PW6, PBk7, PBk28, PBk33, PB28, PB28, PBr24, PBr29, PY42, PY184, PY53, PY119, PY164, PG17, or PR101. Item 23: Furthermore, a color-protective, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating as described in item 15, containing approximately 35-85% solvent. Item 24: A color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in any one of items 15 to 23, applied as a topcoat to a metal plate having a metal protective coating layer. Item 25: The metal of the aforementioned metal plate includes, but is not limited to, iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy, as described in item 24, a color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating. Item 26: A color-matched, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in any one of items 15-23, applied directly to a metal plate. Item 27: The color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in item 26, wherein the metal of the metal plate includes, but is not limited to, titanium or a titanium alloy. Item 28: A color-resistant, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface layer comprising a color-resistant, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating described in any one of items 15 to 23, which is firmly formed after application by curing at room temperature with humidity or by heat. Item 29: A color-resistant, anti-fouling, and anti-corrosion metal comprising a color-resistant, anti-fouling, and anti-corrosion surface coating as described in any one of items 15 to 23, wherein the metal includes, but is not limited to, titanium or a titanium alloy. Item 30: A color-protective and corrosion-resistant metal comprising a color-protective and corrosion-resistant surface coating as described in any one of items 15 to 23, bonded to a metal surface having a metal protective coating layer, wherein the metal protective coating layer includes, but is not limited to, fluorocarbon resin baked coating, silicone-modified and reinforced polyester baked coating, silicone-modified and reinforced fluorocarbon resin baked coating, or polyester resin baked coating, and wherein the metal includes, but is not limited to, iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy.

Claims

1. A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, corrosion-resistant surface coating for topcoats that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, comprising 5 to 80% by weight of a fluorinated modified polysilazane copolymer, wherein the fluorinated modified polysilazane copolymer is a copolymer of 10 to 30% by weight of a fluorine-containing compound, 20 to 30% by weight of a siloxane compound, and 40 to 70% by weight of a silazane compound, wherein the fluorine-containing compound is poly-heptadecafluorodecyl-methylsiloxane, poly-nonafluorohexyl-siloxane, polymethyl-trifluoropropyl-siloxane, hexafluorooxypropylene, perfluoropolyethersulfonic acid, perfluoromethylvinyl A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating comprising at least one selected from ether, polytetrafluoroethylene perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluorosulfonyl vinyl ether, hexafluoroisobutylene, perfluoroethyl vinyl ether, or hexafluorooxypropylene trimer vinyl ether, wherein the siloxane compound is at least one selected from polydimethylsiloxane, methylsiloxane resin, cyclopentasiloxane, phenyltrimethylpolysiloxane, aminoendopolydimethylsiloxane, or cyclopolydimethylsiloxane.

2. A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating for topcoats that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, further comprising a solvent, as described in claim 1.

3. A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating for use as a topcoat, which is applied to a metal plate having a metal protective coating layer and is formed directly at room temperature and humidity, as described in claim 1.

4. The transparent matte, stain-resistant, corrosion-resistant surface coating for topcoats that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 3, wherein the metal protective coating layer includes a fluorocarbon resin baked coating, a silicone-modified and strengthened polyester baked coating, a silicone-modified and strengthened fluorocarbon resin baked coating, or a polyester resin baked coating.

5. The transparent, matte, stain-resistant, corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 3, wherein the metal of the metal plate includes iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy.

6. A transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating for use as a topcoat, which is applied directly to a metal plate and forms a layer directly at room temperature and humidity, as described in claim 1.

7. The transparent, matte, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 6, wherein the metal of the metal plate comprises titanium or a titanium alloy.

8. A color anti-fouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is formed directly at room temperature and humidity, comprising a transparent matte anti-fouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is formed directly at room temperature and humidity as described in claim 1, and a surface modifying pigment, wherein the content of the surface modifying pigment is 0.05 to 25% by weight.

9. The color stain-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 8, wherein the surface-modifying pigment comprises a surface modifier and a pigment.

10. The color stain-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface coating for topcoats that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 9, wherein the surface modifier comprises silane, acrylamide-based silane, benzyl-based silane, urea-based silane, amide-based silane, epoxy-based silane, or amino-based silane.

11. The color-resistant, stain-resistant, and corrosion-resistant topcoat paint for direct deposition at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 9, wherein the pigment comprises an organic or inorganic pigment corresponding to the color numbers PY194, PY150, PY154, PY83, PO36, PR254, PR179, PR122, PV19, PV23, PB15-1, PB15-3, PB15-4, PG7, PG36, PW6, PBk7, PBk28, PBk33, PB28, PB28, PBr24, PBr29, PY42, PY184, PY53, PY119, PY164, PG17, or PR101.

12. Furthermore, the color stain-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface coating for topcoats that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 8, further comprising a solvent.

13. A color stain-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, as described in claim 8, applied to a metal plate having a metal protective coating layer.

14. The color anti-fouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 13, wherein the metal protective coating layer includes a fluorocarbon resin baked coating, a silicone-modified and strengthened polyester baked coating, a silicone-modified and strengthened fluorocarbon resin baked coating, or a polyester resin baked coating.

15. The color antifouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 13, wherein the metal of the metal plate includes iron, steel, galvanized steel, nickel-plated iron, magnesium-aluminum-zinc alloy, or aluminum alloy.

16. A color anti-fouling and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is applied directly to a metal plate and forms a layer directly at room temperature and humidity, as described in claim 8.

17. The color stain-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface coating for a topcoat that is directly formed at room temperature and humidity, according to claim 16, wherein the metal of the metal plate comprises titanium or a titanium alloy.

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