ANGULAR GUIDE PLATE AND FIXING SYSTEM WITH SAID ANGULAR GUIDE PLATE

Abstract

An angular guide plate (1) for fixing rails (17) for railway vehicles to a sleeper (18) is presented and described. A fixing system (13) for fixing rails (17) for railway vehicles to a sleeper (18) is also presented and described, comprising: at least one angular guide plate (1), an elastic intermediate layer (16) for contact on the sleeper (18) under the rail (17), and at least one tension clamp (14).

Description

[0001] Angle guide plate and fastening system with such an angle guide plate

[0002] The invention relates to an angled guide plate for fastening rails for rail vehicles to a sleeper, comprising: a guide surface for lateral support on the rail foot of the rail, a support surface arranged opposite the guide surface for lateral support on the sleeper, two oppositely arranged end faces, a central axis running at right angles to the guide surface, a through-hole for a screw extending from the top to the bottom of the angled guide plate, a groove for supporting the two support sections of a tension clamp to be mounted on the angled guide plate in a final assembly position, two trough surfaces for supporting the central loop of a tension clamp to be mounted on the angled guide plate in a final assembly position,and two receptacles for supporting the two spring arms of a tension clamp to be mounted on the angle guide plate in a pre-assembly position, wherein the central axis and the receptacle are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction, and wherein the central axis and the end face are half the length of each other in the longitudinal direction:,

[0003] The invention also relates to a fastening system for fastening rails for rail vehicles to a sleeper, comprising: at least one angled guide plate, an elastic intermediate layer for resting on the sleeper under the rail, and at least one tension clamp.

[0004] The fastening of rails to railway sleepers must meet many requirements. Once fastened, the rails must be permanently capable of absorbing all static and dynamic loads exerted on them by rail vehicles standing or moving on them, or by environmental influences (e.g., temperature fluctuations), while always maintaining the desired track gauge. At the same time, the fastening of rails must be quick and cost-effective, as hundreds or thousands of fastening points are required even for relatively short distances. When fastening rails, the rail profile and the material of the sleepers (e.g., concrete, wood) must also be taken into account, which can lead to different fastening methods.

[0005] It has become apparent that the diverse – increasingly stringent – ​​requirements for rail fastening can no longer be satisfactorily met by a single fastening device. Therefore, fastening systems comprising multiple components, such as tension clamps, angled guide plates, and elastic spacers and / or intermediate plates, have been used for many years. Many of these fastening systems can be pre-assembled (e.g., already fixed to concrete sleepers), so that only the rails need to be inserted into the fastening systems and secured.

[0006] An important component of such fastening systems are so-called angle guide plates (sometimes also "guide plates"). These serve to fix the rails in the correct position in the transverse direction via contact with the rail foot and thus keep the rail "on track". A further task of the angle guide plates is to support the tension clamps, both in the pre-assembly state and (in a changed position) in the final assembly state, i.e. in the operating state with the rail fixed. The tension clamps must therefore be held in a defined position by the angle guide plate both in a pre-assembly position and in a (different) final assembly position. The angle guide plates are used on both sides of each rail, so that four angle guide plates are usually used on each railway sleeper.Angled guide plates are known, for example, from EP 0401 424 A1 or DE 102 54679 A1. Further developments are described, for example, in EP 2 672 007 A1, WO 2010 / 003817 A1, and WO 2012 / 010269 A1.

[0007] What these angle guide plates have in common is that they are optimized for use with co-shaped or W-shaped tension clamps, i.e., tension clamps whose spring arms (the two ends) point inward (i.e., toward each other). These "co-clamps" have become established internationally and are in use millions of times.

[0008] A new generation of tension clamps has been developed. These clamps feature spring arms that point outwards (i.e., away from each other). Due to their shape, these clamps are also referred to as "M-clamps" and are described, for example, in WO 2018 / 091351 A1. The new tension clamps have demonstrated very advantageous properties in tests (increased natural frequency, increased spring travel). Unfortunately, however, it has been found that the pre-assembly of the new spring clamps is more difficult due to the changed direction of the spring arms and requires significant adjustments to the other components of the fastening system, particularly the angled guide plates.

[0009] Against this background, the object of the invention is to design and further develop the angle guide plate mentioned at the outset and described in more detail above, as well as the fastening system mentioned at the outset and described above, in such a way that use with tension clamps is also possible, the spring arms of which are directed outwards (i.e. away from each other).

[0010] This object is achieved with an angled guide plate according to the preamble of patent claim 1 in that the quotient of the distance of the receptacle to the central axis and half the length is at least 0.5, in particular at least 0.6, at least 0.7 or at least 0.8. The angled guide plate according to the invention serves to fasten rails for rail vehicles to a sleeper, for example a concrete sleeper. The term sleeper in connection with this invention is also intended to include a so-called "solid track", i.e. a rail superstructure in which the track bed is not made of ballast, but of a solid base layer, e.g. a concrete layer. The angled guide plate initially comprises a guide surface for lateral support on the rail foot. Forces can be transmitted in the transverse direction between the angled guide plate and the rail foot via the guide surface in order to keep the rail "on track".On the other side of the angle guide plate, i.e. opposite the guide surface, the angle guide plate has a support surface with which the angle guide plate can be supported laterally - i.e. in the transverse direction - on the sleeper. In this way, the transverse forces introduced into the angle guide plate via the guide surface can be supported by the support surface on the sleeper. Furthermore, the angle guide plate comprises two oppositely arranged end surfaces and a central axis that runs perpendicular to the guide surface and divides the preferably approximately symmetrical angle guide plate into two equally sized and axially symmetrical halves. To simplify attachment to the sleeper, the angle guide plate also has a through-hole for a screw, whereby the through-hole extends from the top to the bottom of the angle guide plate.In addition, the angle guide plate comprises a groove for supporting the two support sections of a tension clamp to be mounted on the angle guide plate in a final assembly position. The groove serves as an abutment for the support sections of the tension clamp. Furthermore, the angle guide plate comprises two recessed surfaces for supporting the center loop of a tension clamp to be mounted on the angle guide plate in a final assembly position. The recessed surfaces serve in particular as a stop for the tension clamp, in particular its center loop, when tightening the screw. The angle guide plate also has two receptacles for supporting the two spring arms of a tension clamp to be mounted on the angle guide plate in a pre-assembly position. The center axis and the receptacle are at a distance AL from each other in the longitudinal direction, and the center axis and the end face are half a length from each other in the longitudinal direction.

[0011] In order to be able to use tension clamps whose spring arms are directed outwards (i.e. away from each other), the invention proposes that the quotient of the distance AL of the receptacle from the central axis and half the length is at least 0.5, in particular at least 0.6, at least 0.7 or at least 0.8. According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the two receptacles of the spring arms are arranged very far away from the central axis of the angle guide plate in the longitudinal direction, so that the two receptacles are arranged as far apart from each other as possible in two opposite edge regions of the angle guide plate. A quotient of at least 0.5 means that the distance of the receptacle from the central axis is at least 50% of half the length of the angle guide plate, so that the receptacle is arranged in an edge region of the angle guide plate that is at most 50% of half the length of the angle guide plate.A quotient of at least 0.6 therefore means that the distance of the receptacle from the central axis is at least 60% of half the length of the angle guide plate, so that the receptacle is arranged in an edge region of the angle guide plate that is at most 40% of half the length of the angle guide plate. Finally, a quotient of at least 0.7 or at least 0.8 means that the distance of the receptacle from the central axis is at least 70% or at least 80% of half the length of the angle guide plate, so that the receptacle is arranged in an edge region of the angle guide plate that is at most 30% or at most 20% of half the length of the angle guide plate. The edge regions in which the receptacles are arranged should therefore take up only the smallest possible part of the length of the angle guide plate; in other words, the receptacles should be arranged as close as possible to the edge of the angle guide plate.This increased distance between the holders makes it possible to accommodate tension clamps with a large distance between the two spring arms, for example tension clamps whose spring arms point outwards (i.e. away from each other). The holders are preferably designed so that the ends of the spring arms of the tension clamps can even protrude beyond the end faces of the angle guide plate, so that tension clamps that are longer than the angle guide plate can be used. This has the advantage that the length of the angle guide plates can remain unchanged, meaning that the width of the sleepers does not have to be adjusted. A further advantage of the large distance between the two holders is a larger support width, which ensures good tipping stability of the tension clamp even in the pre-assembled position.

[0012] According to one design of the angled guide plate, the holder has an approximately horizontal support surface and an adjacent ramp surface that rises from the support surface toward the guide surface. The rising ramp surface limits the lateral mobility of the tension clamp toward the rail in the pre-assembly position, keeping the "rail channel" required for inserting the rail clear and preventing collision with the tension clamp during insertion.

[0013] For this embodiment, it is further proposed that the support surface of the holder has a support height which indicates the vertical distance between the underside and the support surface; that the angled guide plate has a height in an area adjacent to the holder which indicates the distance between the top side and the underside; and that the quotient of the height of the support surface of the holder and the height of the top side is at least 1.5, in particular at least 1.55 or at least 1.6. The support surface of the holder should therefore have a raised position compared to the normal height of the angled guide plate, namely a position raised by at least 50% (quotient 1.5), in particular at least 55% (quotient 1.55) or at least 60% (quotient 1.6).The raised position makes it easier to move the tension clamps, particularly the spring arms of the tension clamps, from the receptacles (pre-assembly position) to the rail foot (final assembly position). Moving the tension clamps between these two positions is a challenge, especially with the previously described "M-clamps", as the spring arms of these tension clamps, which point outwards (away from each other), are often also directed slightly downwards to create a larger contact surface on the sloping rail foot. However, this orientation of the spring arms makes it more difficult to slide them onto the rail foot because the ends of the spring arms can strike the rail foot laterally during movement. If, on the other hand, the contact surface of the receptacle is sufficiently high, the tension clamps can be pushed with their spring arms onto the top of the rail foot without collision.By adjusting only the height of the mounts and not the height of the entire angle guide plate, the angle guide plates can be made lighter and more cost-effective.

[0014] According to a further embodiment of the angled guide plate, the guide surface and the holder are spaced apart in the transverse direction by at least 6 mm, in particular at least 7 mm. This spacing is intended to ensure that the tension clamp, when resting on the holder (i.e., in the pre-assembly position), does not protrude into the rail channel with any of its sections. The rail channel should therefore be kept clear in the pre-assembly position with a sufficient width so that the rail can be inserted from above between the pre-assembled angled guide plates and tension clamps without collision.

[0015] According to a further embodiment of the angle guide plate, the ramp surface of the holder has an edge at its upper end with an edge height that defines the vertical distance between the underside and the edge and is at least 21 mm, in particular at least 22 mm. The upper edge of the ramp surface of the holder represents the highest point that the spring arms of the tension clamp must cross when moving from the pre-assembly position to the final assembly position. Until now, this edge was not positioned too high, as a very high edge makes it difficult to move the tension clamps. However, it has been recognized that raising the edge is advantageous, particularly for tension clamps whose spring ends are directed not only outwards (away from each other) but also slightly downwards, since the ends of the tension clamps can only be pushed onto the rail foot without collision when they are in a sufficiently high position.Raising the position of the edge is particularly necessary if the support surface of the mount already has an increased height, since otherwise (i.e. if the height of the ramp surface and its upper edge is too low) there is a risk of the spring arms accidentally slipping into the rail channel.

[0016] Another design of the angled guide plate provides for the angled guide plate to be made of plastic, particularly fiber-reinforced plastic. The use of plastic enables cost-effective production with low weight. Another advantage of plastic is that it provides electrical insulation and high corrosion resistance. Fiber-reinforced plastics, such as glass fiber-reinforced plastics, can be used to withstand the high static and dynamic loads.

[0017] The object stated at the outset is achieved by a fastening system according to the preamble of patent claim 7 in that the angled guide plate is designed according to one of claims 1 to 6. The angled guide plate should therefore be designed according to patent claims 1 to 6, whereby the advantages already explained above arise, which in particular enable the use of tension clamps with spring arms directed outwards (away from each other). The fastening system is used to fasten rails for rail vehicles to a sleeper. The fastening system initially comprises at least one angled guide plate, the design and function of which have already been described. In addition, the fastening system comprises an elastic intermediate layer for resting on the sleeper under the rail. The intermediate layer serves, for example, to dampen vibrations (e.g. due to wheel unevenness) and to ensure electrical insulation.The intermediate layer also ensures even load distribution. The intermediate layer can be made of an elastomer such as EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber). Finally, the fastening system includes at least one tension clamp.

[0018] Tension clamps are used to elastically clamp the rails to the sleeper with their rail base. Tension clamps are made of steel, preferably spring steel.

[0019] According to one design of the fastening system, the tension clamp has two outward-facing spring arms, thus being roughly M-shaped. Such "M-clamps" offer improved properties compared to conventional "W-clamps" or "co-clamps" (higher natural frequency, better fatigue strength), but are more difficult to handle due to the outward-facing (away from each other) and slightly downward-facing spring arms. The adapted shape of the angled guide plates makes it possible to integrate "M-clamps" into a fastening system in the usual way.

[0020] A further embodiment of the fastening system provides that the tension clamp has a first natural frequency of at least 800 Hz, in particular at least 900 Hz, in particular at least 1000 Hz. The service life of tension clamps depends crucially on their vibration behavior. Tension clamps generally have several natural frequencies, with the lowest natural frequency also being referred to as the "first" natural frequency. In use, tension clamps are excited to vibrate when a train passes over the rail held down by the tension clamps. The natural frequency of the tension clamps should be as far away as possible from excitation frequencies caused by periodic vibrations (e.g. due to wheel bumps or undulating rail bumps) in order to avoid possible resonances and the associated increases in vibration amplitude in the area of ​​the spring arms of the tension clamp.This risk can be significantly reduced by using clamps with a particularly high natural frequency, which can significantly extend their service life. It has been shown that a first natural frequency of at least 800 Hz, in particular at least 900 Hz, and especially at least 1000 Hz, lies above the range in which excitation typically occurs in practice, so that first natural frequencies in this range lead to the described advantages.

[0021] According to a further embodiment of the fastening system, the tension clamp is longer in the longitudinal direction of the rail than the angled guide plate, so that the two spring arms of the tension clamp extend beyond the ends of the angled guide plate in the final assembly position. Tension clamps with outward-facing spring arms ("M-clamps") are sometimes quite long (distance between the ends of both spring arms). This length cannot be arbitrarily reduced without losing desired properties (high natural frequency, good fatigue strength). On the other hand, for a given sleeper width, the length of the angled guide plates cannot be arbitrarily increased. It has therefore been recognized that it is possible to allow the ends of the spring arms of the tension clamp to protrude beyond the two end faces of the angled guide plate.This makes it possible to use particularly "long" tension clamps without having to adjust the size of the angle guide plates or even the width of the sleepers. This is particularly advantageous for tension clamps with outward-facing spring arms, since the distance between the two ends of the spring arms often determines the overall length of the tension clamp.

[0022] According to a further embodiment, the fastening system can finally be supplemented by at least one screw and preferably at least one dowel. Fastening the tension clamps with screws and dowels represents a particularly efficient, secure, and permanently reliable connection. The screws can be tightened very quickly with impact wrenches, allowing the desired torque to be set. By coordinating the geometry of the screw and the dowel, a particularly secure and permanently reliable connection can be achieved.The use of dowels has the particular advantage that no screw thread is required in the sleeper, which is particularly simplified for concrete sleepers, as, for example, a screw dowel can be used that is concreted into the sleeper (with wooden or plastic sleepers, however, direct screwing without dowels is possible; in these cases, dowels are therefore not required). The dowels used are preferably made of plastic.

[0023] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing that represents only a preferred embodiment. The drawing shows:

[0024] Fig. 1: an angle guide plate according to the invention in a perspective

[0025] Opinion,

[0026] Fig. 2: the angle guide plate from Fig. 1 in a plan view,

[0027] Fig. 3: the angle guide plate from Fig. 1 in a front view,

[0028] Fig. 4: a fastening system according to the invention with a rail in a

[0029] front view, and

[0030] Fig. 5: the fastening system from Fig. 4 in a perspective view.

[0031] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an angled guide plate 1 according to the invention. The angled guide plate 1 has a through-opening 2 in its central region, which serves to pass a screw 15 (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5) with which the angled guide plate 1 can be screwed onto a sleeper 18 (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5). The angled guide plate 1 has a shoulder 3 on its underside 11 (see Fig. 3) that can be inserted into a correspondingly shaped groove 19 on the top side of the sleeper 18 (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5). The outer side surface of the angle guide plate 1 (facing away from the rail) is designed as a support surface 4, by means of which the angle guide plate 1 can be supported laterally (i.e. transversely to the direction of the rails 17) on the sleeper 18, for example on shoulders on the upper side of the sleeper 18 (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5).The inner side surface of the angled guide plate 1 (facing the rail) is designed as a guide surface 5, which serves to laterally support the rail foot 17A (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5). The angled guide plate 1 also has two oppositely arranged end surfaces 6.

[0032] The angled guide plate 1 shown in Fig. 1 also has several areas on its upper side 10 which serve to hold a tension clamp 14 in a defined position (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5): The angled guide plate 1 has a groove 7 on its upper side 10 in its outer area (facing away from the rail), which serves to support the two outer support sections 21 of the tension clamp 14 in the final assembly position (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5), while the ends of the spring arms 20 are in contact with the rail foot 17A in the final assembly position (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5). In addition, the angled guide plate 1 has two receptacles 8 on its upper side 10 in its inner area (facing the rail), which serve to support the spring arms 20 in the pre-assembly position (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5).Each of the two receptacles 8 has an approximately horizontal support surface 8A and an adjacent, curved ramp surface 8B, which rises from the support surface 8A toward the guide surface 5. The upper side 10 of the angle guide plate 1 also has two recessed surfaces 9, which serve as a stop surface for the center loop 22 of the tension clamp 14.

[0033] Fig. 2 shows the angle guide plate 1 from Fig. 1 in a plan view. Those areas of the angle guide plate 1 that have already been designated in connection with Fig. 1 are provided with corresponding reference numerals in Fig. 2. In the plan view, a central axis M can be seen which runs at right angles to the guide surface 5 through the center of the angle guide plate 1. Starting from this central axis M, the angle guide plate 1 has a half length L / 2 up to its end face 6 in the longitudinal direction (i.e. in the direction of the rail 17), which length can be in the range between 50 mm and 60 mm. In the plan view, a distance AL can also be seen in the longitudinal direction, which indicates the distance between the central axis M and the holder 8. The distance AL can, for example, be in the range between 40 mm and 50 mm. The holder 8 is therefore arranged at the very beginning or at the very end of the angle guide plate 1 in the longitudinal direction.Likewise, a distance AQ in the transverse direction can be seen in the plan view, which indicates the distance between the guide surface 5 and the receptacle 8. The distance AQ can be, for example, at least 6 mm, in particular at least 7 mm, to ensure that the tension clamp 14 maintains a sufficient distance from the rail channel in the pre-assembly position so that the rail 17 can be inserted without problems.

[0034] Fig. 3 shows the angle guide plate from Fig. 1 in a front view. Those areas of the angle guide plate 1 that have already been designated in connection with Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 are provided with corresponding reference numerals in Fig. 3. In the front view, it is particularly clearly visible that the angle guide plate 1 has an upper side 10 and a lower side 11 that run approximately parallel to one another and between which the angle guide plate 1 has a height Ho (Ho can, for example, be between 10 mm and 14 mm). It can also be seen that the support surface 8A of the receptacle 8 has a support height Hi, which designates the vertical distance between the lower side 11 and the support surface 8A. The support height Hi can, for example, be at least 18 mm, in particular at least 19 mm; the support surface 8A is therefore raised compared to the usual height Ho of the upper side 10.It can also be seen that the upper edge 12 of the ramp surface 8B of the receptacle 8 has an edge height H2, which designates the vertical distance between the underside 11 and the edge 12 and can be, for example, at least 21 mm, in particular at least 22 mm. The upper edge 12 represents the highest point that the spring arms 20 of the tension clamps 14 must overcome when they are pushed from the pre-assembly position into the final assembly position on the rail foot 17A (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5). The edge 12 must have a minimum height so that the spring arms 20 of the tension clamps 14 do not strike the side of the rail foot 17A when pushed, but can be pushed onto the top side of the rail foot 17A. The guide surface 5 has, in its lower area adjacent to the underside 11, a recess 5A, which serves to form the edge area of ​​a (in Fig.3 not shown) elastic intermediate layer 16, which is placed under the rail foot 17A (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5).

[0035] Fig. 4 shows a fastening system 13 according to the invention with a rail 17 in a front view. Those areas of the angled guide plate 1 that have already been designated in connection with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 are provided with corresponding reference numerals in Fig. 4. The fastening system 13 is shown in a pre-assembly position in the left half of Fig. 4; while it is shown in a final assembly position in the right half of Fig. 4. In addition to two of the angled guide plates 1 already described, the fastening system 13 also comprises two tension clamps 14, two screws 15 with associated dowels (not shown in Fig. 4), and an elastic intermediate layer 16. The fastening system 13 serves to fasten a rail 17 to a sleeper 18. The rail 17 comprises a rail base 17A, a rail web 17B, and a rail head 17C.

[0036] The fastening system 13 is pre-assembled, for which the intermediate layer 16 and the two angle guide plates 1 are placed on the sleeper 18. The angle guide plates 1 are inserted with their recesses 3 provided on the underside 11 into correspondingly shaped grooves 19 on the upper side of the sleeper 18. In this way, the angle guide plates 1, with their support surfaces 4, can be particularly well supported laterally (i.e., transversely to the direction of the rails 17) on the sleeper 18 in order to keep the rail 17 precisely aligned. The tension clamps 14 are also pre-assembled by being arranged on the angle guide plates 1 in the pre-assembly position.The slightly tightened screw 15 holds the tension clamp 14 in its pre-assembly position, for which purpose the screw 15 is guided through the central loop 22 of the tension clamp 14 and through the through-opening 2 of the angle guide plate 1 and is screwed to the sleeper 18 - in the case of concrete sleepers, preferably using a dowel matched to the screw 15. In this pre-assembly position - shown on the left in Fig. 4 - the two spring arms 20 of the tension clamp 4 are held in the previously described receptacles 8 of the angle guide plate 1, while the tension clamp 14 with its two support sections 21 projects laterally beyond the angle guide plate 1 and is supported on the sleeper 18.This pre-assembly position of the tension clamp 14 means that the “rail channel” created between two oppositely arranged tension clamps 14 remains free, so that a rail 17 can be inserted into the rail channel from above without colliding with the pre-assembled tension clamps 14.

[0037] In contrast, the fastening system 13 is shown in the right half of Fig. 4 in the final assembly position. The essential difference between the pre-assembly position (Fig. 4, left) and the final assembly position (Fig. 4, right) is that the tension clamp 14 has been moved from the outside to the inside (i.e., towards the rail 17), whereby the two support sections 21 of the tension clamp 14 have been pulled from the sleeper 18 into the groove 7 of the angle guide plate 1. In addition, during the displacement of the tension clamp 14, its two spring arms 20 have been pushed out of the recesses 8 onto the rail foot 17A. During this displacement, the spring arms 20 of the tension clamp 14 must be pushed over the edge 12. Finally, the screw 15, which has so far only been pre-tensioned, is tightened to the prescribed torque, whereby the central loop 22 of the tension spring 14 (partially hidden in Fig. 4) is pressed onto the recessed surfaces 9 of the angle guide plate 1 (see Fig.5) and the spring arms 20 of the tension clamp 14 press the rail foot 17A downwards.

[0038] Fig. 5 finally shows the fastening system 13 from Fig. 4 in a perspective

[0039] View. Those areas of the fastening system 13 and its angled guide plate 1 that have already been designated in connection with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 are also provided with corresponding reference numerals in Fig. 5. In the perspective view, the rail 17 is shown transparent in order to allow some components of the fastening system 13 to be seen more clearly. The position of the tension clamp 14 in the pre-assembly position (left) and in the final assembly position (right) can be seen particularly clearly: In the pre-assembly position, the tension clamp 14 rests with its two support sections 21 on the sleeper 18, while its two spring arms 20 are received in the receptacles 8 of the angled guide plate 1, whereby the ends of the spring arms 20 can extend in the longitudinal direction - i.e. in the direction of the rail 17 - on both sides beyond the edge of the angled guide plate 1.In the pre-assembly position (left), the center loop 22 of the tension clamp 14 has no contact with the recessed surfaces 9 of the angled guide plate; the center loop 22 thus "floats" above the recessed surfaces 9. In the final assembly position, however, the two support sections 21 of the tension clamp 14 are arranged in the groove 7 of the angled guide plate 1, while the two spring arms 20 have left the receptacles 8 and are arranged on the rail foot 17A. In the final assembly position (right), the center loop 22 of the tension clamp 14 is pressed downward by the screw 15 such that the tension clamp 14 has contact with the two recessed surfaces 9 of the angled guide plate 1.

[0040] 1: Angle guide plate

[0041] 2: Passage opening

[0042] 3: Paragraph

[0043] 4: Support surface

[0044] 5: Guide surface

[0045] 5A: Recess (of the guide surface 5)

[0046] 6: Frontal surface

[0047] 7: Groove (of the angle guide plate 1)

[0048] 8: Recording

[0049] 8A: Support surface

[0050] 8B: Ramp area

[0051] 9: Trough area

[0052] 10: Top

[0053] 11: Bottom

[0054] 12: Edge

[0055] 13: Fastening system

[0056] 14: Tension clamp

[0057] 15: Screw

[0058] 16: Intermediate layer

[0059] 17: Rail

[0060] 17A: Rail foot

[0061] 17B: Rail bridge

[0062] 17C: Rail head

[0063] 18: Threshold

[0064] 19: Groove (of the threshold 18)

[0065] 20: Spring arm

[0066] 21: Support section

[0067] 22: Middle loop AL: Distance (longitudinal direction)

[0068] AQ: Distance (in transverse direction)

[0069] Ho: Height (of the angle guide plate 1) Hi: Support height

[0070] H2: Edge height

[0071] L / 2: half length

[0072] M: Central axis

Claims

Patent claims 1. Angle guide plate (1) for fastening rails (17) for Rail vehicles on a sleeper (18), comprising: - a guide surface (5) for lateral support on the rail foot (17A) of the rail (17), - a support surface (4) arranged opposite the guide surface (5) for lateral support on the threshold (18), - two oppositely arranged end faces (6), - a central axis (M) which runs at right angles to the guide surface (5), - a through hole (2) for a screw (15) extending from the top (10) to the bottom (11) of the angle guide plate (1), - a groove (7) for supporting the two support sections (21) of a tension clamp (14) to be mounted on the angle guide plate (1) in a final assembly position, - two trough surfaces (9) for supporting the central loop (22) of a tension clamp (14) to be mounted on the angle guide plate (1) in a final assembly position, and - two holders (8) for supporting the two spring arms (20) of a tension clamp (14) to be mounted on the angle guide plate (1) in a pre-assembly position, - wherein the central axis (M) and the receptacle (8) are spaced apart (AL) in the longitudinal direction, and - wherein the central axis (M) and the end face (6) have a half length (L / 2) to each other in the longitudinal direction, characterized in that the quotient of the distance (AL) of the receptacle (8) to the central axis (M) and half the length (L / 2) is at least 0.5, in particular at least 0.6, at least 0.7 or at least 0.

8.

2. Angle guide plate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the receptacle (8) has an approximately horizontally extending support surface (8A) and an adjacent ramp surface (8B) which rises from the support surface (8A) in the direction of the guide surface (5).

3. Angle guide plate (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that - the support surface (8A) of the holder (8) has a support height (Hi) which indicates the vertical distance between the underside (11) and the support surface (8A); that - the angle guide plate (1) has a height (Ho) in an area adjacent to the receptacle (8) which indicates the distance between the upper side (10) and the lower side (11); and that - the quotient of the height (Hi) of the support surface (8A) of the receptacle (8) and the height (Ho) of the upper side (10) is at least 1.5, in particular at least 1.55 or at least 1.

6.

4. Angle guide plate (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide surface (5) and the receptacle (8) have a distance (AQ) from one another in the transverse direction which is at least 6 mm, in particular at least 7 mm.

5. Angle guide plate (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ramp surface (8B) of the receptacle (8) has at its upper end an edge (12) with an edge height (H2) which designates the vertical distance between the underside (11) and the edge (12) and is at least 21 mm, in particular at least 22 mm.

6. Angle guide plate (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the angle guide plate (1) is made of plastic, in particular of fiber-reinforced plastic.

7. Fastening system (13) for fastening rails (17) for rail vehicles to a sleeper (18), comprising: - at least one angle guide plate (1), - an elastic intermediate layer (16) for resting on the sleeper (18) under the rail (17), and - at least one tension clamp (14), characterized in that the angle guide plate (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Fastening system (13) according to claim 7, characterized in that the tension clamp (14) has two outwardly directed spring arms (20), i.e. is approximately M-shaped.

9. Fastening system (13) according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the tension clamp (14) has a first natural frequency of at least 800 Hz, in particular at least 900 Hz, in particular at least 1000 Hz.

10. Fastening system (13) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the tension clamp (14) has a greater length in the longitudinal direction of the rail (17) than the angle guide plate (1), so that the two spring arms (20) of the tension clamp (14) extend beyond the ends of the angle guide plate (1) in the final assembly position.

11. Fastening system (13) according to one of claims 7 to 10, further comprising: - at least one screw (15), and - preferably at least one dowel.

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