ELECTROMAGNETIC LENS, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ELECTROMAGNETIC LENSES AND LENS ANTENNA

Abstract

The present invention provides an improved electromagnetic lens, a method for producing it, and a lens antenna. The electromagnetic lens is a rolled body made of a strip material. The dielectric constant of the strip material changes gradually in both the transverse and longitudinal directions of the strip material. Once the strip material is rolled into a coiled body, the dielectric material is distributed over at least a predetermined, artificially defined three-dimensional space called the lens body within the coiled body. A portion of the coiled body other than the lens body is called the non-lens portion. The dielectric constant of the lens body is not less than the dielectric constant of the non-lens portion.The dielectric constant of the lens body decreases progressively in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body, and each direction from the inside to the outside of the lens body indicates a direction from a central area of ​​the lens body to a boundary of the lens body. The present invention has the following advantages: 1) good electromagnetic properties; 2) high product consistency; 3) high production efficiency; 4) applicable to a wide range of target sizes; 5) ability to achieve a compact and stable structure; and 6) ability to achieve a single entity with multiple lenses.

Description

ELECTROMAGNETIC LENS, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ELECTROMAGNETIC LENSES AND LENS ANTENNA TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of the production of communication devices and, more specifically, to an electromagnetic lens, a method for producing an electromagnetic lens, and an electromagnetic lens antenna. BACKGROUND A Luneburg lens, proposed by RK Luneberg in 1944 based on geometric optics, is applied to antennas and dispersers, and is mainly used in the fields of rapid scanning system, satellite communication system, anti-collision radar for automobiles, radar reflector, etc. A classic model of a Luneberg lens is as follows: from a spherical center of the Luneberg lens to its outer diameter, the dielectric constant of the Luneberg lens should change continuously from 2 to 1 according to a certain mathematical law. However, such an ideal structure does not exist in nature. Therefore, in practical design, a layered structure with stepped changes in the dielectric constant is often used to approximate the theoretical structure. In conventional technology, the layered structure with stepped changes in dielectric constant can be roughly divided into the following three types: the first type is a wrapped type; the second type is a coiled type; and the third type is a hole type. These different structures have distinct advantages and disadvantages. The production of a wrapped-type structure typically requires the use of a mold. If there are too many layers, the process becomes overly complicated and expensive, and the consistency of performance across different individuals is usually low. It is easy to create a coiled-type structure with multiple layers. However, in conventional engineering, coiled-type structures can only be manufactured in the form of cylinders or elliptical cylinders, rather than the sphere of the classical model. Since both cylinders and elliptical cylinders do not conform to the classical model theory along the central axis, their effect on performance is greatly reduced. Consequently, neither can meet the performance requirements of many applications. QQConn / eznz / e / Yi A hole-type structure is typically made using 3D printing. However, a 3D-printed structure is usually made of a single hot-melt material. Existing hot-melt materials suitable for 3D printing either have unsuitable dielectric constants or a density that is not low enough, and their considerable weight causes various difficulties in assembly and use when manufacturing a large lens. Chinese patent document No. CN111262042B discloses a “Method for Manufacturing Artificial Dielectric Multilayer Cylindrical Lens,” which relates to a rolled-type structure. The lens produced using this manufacturing process has the disadvantages of the previously mentioned rolled-type structure. To obtain a Luneberg lens product that has greater production efficiency, lower cost, lighter weight, better performance index, and better performance consistency, it is necessary to improve the existing product structure and production process. COMPENDIUM In order to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional technique, the present invention provides an improved electromagnetic lens, a method for producing the electromagnetic lens, and a lens antenna. The following technical solution is adopted. An electromagnetic lens is provided, wherein the electromagnetic lens is, in particular, a rolled body made of a strip material; a dielectric material is distributed over a surface and / or within the strip material, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric material changes gradually in both the transverse and longitudinal directions of the strip material; after the strip material is rolled to form the rolled body, the dielectric material is distributed over at least an artificially predetermined three-dimensional space interval within the rolled body, and the three-dimensional space interval with the distributed dielectric material is called the lens body; a part of the rolled body other than the lens body is called the non-lens part; the rolled body either has or does not have the non-lens part;the dielectric constant of the lens body is not less than the dielectric constant of the non-lens part; the dielectric constant of the lens body decreases more and more in all parts; QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi the directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body, and each direction from the inside to the outside of the lens body indicates a direction from a central area of ​​the lens body to a boundary of the lens body. Through the aforementioned technical solution, one or more lens bodies can be obtained in a single winding operation, and these lens bodies conform to the following law: the dielectric constant of each lens body decreases progressively from the inside to the outside of the lens body. As such, the lens body acts on electromagnetic waves in more than one direction, rather than being confined to a single direction. The winding referred to in the present invention pertains to spiral winding. The rolled body may be provided with one, two, or more lens bodies. If the electromagnetic lens includes only one lens body, a central axis of the lens body may coincide with or be parallel to a central axis of the rolled body. If the electromagnetic lens includes two or more lens bodies, these lens bodies may be arranged along or parallel to the central axis of the rolled body. Furthermore, if the electromagnetic lens includes two or more lens bodies, these lens bodies may also be arranged in a circumferential direction around the rolled body. The lens body has a volume of 500 mm3 to 2 m3. The strip material has a constant thickness ranging from 0.01 mm to 15 mm. The strip material can also have a non-constant thickness; for example, the initial and final winding sections of the strip material may be thinner than other sections. A thinner initial winding section is useful to prevent the formation of a large fused tubular cavity in the center of the wound body during winding. Even if a tubular cavity does form, it also helps prevent visible steps in the circumferential direction within the cavity. A thinner final winding section is useful to prevent visible steps on the circumferential periphery of the wound body. The strip material can have a constant or non-constant width. Strip material with a non-constant width can be wound to form a wound body in the shape of a sphere or a capsule-shaped cylinder. The strip material is preferably made of a lightweight foam material; the foam material can have a density of 0.005-0.1 g / cm3, and the closer its dielectric constant is to 1, the better. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi However, when a thicker strip material needs to be used, to reduce the difficulty of winding, a large radius can be used when winding; a tubular cavity is pre-provided in a central part of the cross-section of the wound body, and the tubular cavity is filled with a rod-shaped part; in the case that the rod-shaped part has to pass through the lens body, a part of the rod-shaped part that passes through the lens body has a dielectric constant distribution that is adapted to the lens body; in this case, the adaptation means that it does not lead to an excessive deterioration of the electrical performance of the lens body.Alternatively, a central portion of the wound body is provided with a shaft for collecting and winding the strip material, and a central axis of the shaft coincides or nearly coincides with a central axis of the wound body. If the shaft must pass through the lens body, it is preferable that the portion of the shaft passing through the lens body have a dielectric constant distribution that matches the lens body. In this case, matching means that it does not result in excessive deterioration of the electrical performance of the lens body. The shaft should generally have sufficient rigidity to ensure that the strip material does not loosen or become irregular as a result of the shaft being misaligned during the process of winding the strip material into the wound body.The shaft can be made of a high dielectric constant material and have a cavity structure in a target part to reduce the relative dielectric constant of that part. The cavity structure is a hole formed by a material removal process or a pre-planned material clearance during the 3D printing of the shaft. The diameter of the rod-shaped part and the shaft is generally as small as possible, thereby reducing the impact on the electromagnetic performance of the lens body. Furthermore, both ends of the rod-shaped part and the shaft can be used as fixed ends of the electromagnetic lens of the present invention for mechanical connection to a lens holder, without further consideration of a connecting structure between the lens and the lens holder. The coiled body can be in the form of a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a prism, a capsule-shaped cylinder, a sphere, or a tube. The lens body can be shaped like a sphere, rugby ball, cylinder, or prism. The shape of the lens body can be the same as or different from the shape of the rolled body. Furthermore, if the electromagnetic lens includes two or more lens bodies, these lens bodies have different sizes and shapes. For example, there are two spherical lens bodies with different QQConn / cznz / e / YiAi sizes formed in a rolled body; to mention another example, there is a spherical lens body and a cylindrical lens body formed in a rolled body. The coiled body has n coiling layers, where 3 <n<2000. The dielectric material can be distributed on one or two surfaces of the strip material, and can also enter from one or two surfaces of the strip material to be distributed within the strip material. The dielectric material can be a sheet with a specific or non-specific shape, a fiber of a specific length, or a three-dimensional part with a specific or non-specific shape. The sheet can be formed by cutting, stamping, printing, marking, or engraving. Cutting and stamping generally refer to cutting a full sheet of dielectric material into smaller sheets. Printing and marking generally refer to using a device to spray a liquid dielectric material onto a target area and then cure it to obtain a sheet. Engraving generally refers to using an engraving device to remove unwanted material from a full sheet of material with a substrate layer, leaving only the substrate layer and a desired sheet with a target shape. The substrate layer in this case has a low dielectric constant, while the removed material has a high dielectric constant.The dielectric material can be bonded directly to the surface of the strip material; or the dielectric material can be bonded first to a low dielectric constant film, and then the film can be bonded to the surface of the strip material. This structure is particularly applicable when the dielectric material is a sheet with a specific or non-specific shape, and it can also be applied when the dielectric material is a fiber with a specific length. Furthermore, it is cost-effective to print or mark numerous corresponding sheets with a specific or non-specific shape on different areas of the low dielectric constant film, and then roll up the film before bonding it to the surface of the strip material.Furthermore, this film can be adhered to the surface of the strip material after being cut into multiple segments in either a longitudinal or transverse direction. This is equivalent to using a narrow printer or marker to bond the dielectric material to a narrow film and then splicing the narrow film into a film body of the desired width along the longitudinal or transverse direction of the strip material. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi If the dielectric material is a fiber of a specific length or a three-dimensional component with a specific / non-specific shape, the dielectric material can also be fully or partially inserted or embedded within the strip material. The three-dimensional component with a specific shape can be solid, hollow, or frame-shaped. It can be spherical, cube-shaped, or cylindrical. The three-dimensional component with a non-specific shape can be finely fragmented particles, such as fragmented minerals, which can be sieved into different particle sizes for use. In the case that the lens body is spherical, it is better that the distribution of the dielectric material throughout the lens body conforms to a step-approximation law of a classical Luneberg lens model. The coiled body can be formed by winding a strip of material from one end or the middle. The coiled structure can reduce the number of winding turns without changing the number of winding layers, thereby improving production efficiency. The coiled body can be formed by combining two or more strips of material at their respective ends and then coiling them together, or by combining two or more strips of material at their respective centers and then coiling them together. Such a structure can also reduce the number of coiling turns without changing the number of coiling layers. Strip material is preferably not connected to other strip material lengthwise, so that the structure and performance of the product are more stable and controllable. However, sometimes it is necessary to connect strip material to another strip material because the lens body has a relatively large volume, resulting in insufficient length of a single strip material. Although this is not an optimal case, the resulting structural and performance shortcomings are not necessarily unacceptable. Therefore, to a certain extent, connecting one strip material to another lengthwise is permitted, and the structure of the connection is considered equivalent to the structure of a single, continuous strip material.Furthermore, regardless of whether one strip material is connected to another strip material in the longitudinal direction, the width of the strip material should not be less than the maximum overall dimensions of a single lens body; otherwise, the lens body is equivalent to not being wound at all, and the resulting structural and performance deficiencies are likely to be unacceptable. QQConn / cznz / e / YiAi Dielectric materials can be distributed within the lens body according to a material distribution law, a density distribution law, or a combination of both. The material distribution law states that when two or more dielectric materials are used, the dielectric material with the highest dielectric constant is located closer to the central area of ​​the lens body.It should be noted that the material distribution law also includes a situation where there is a transition dielectric constant value as a consequence of mixing different dielectric materials; in this case, the dielectric constant of a mixture is less than the dielectric constant of a single material in the mixture that has a high dielectric constant and greater than the dielectric constant of a single material in the mixture that has a low dielectric constant, and the dielectric constant can be controlled by controlling the proportions of different materials in the mixture.The area where a mixture with a higher dielectric constant is distributed will be closer to the central area of ​​the lens body than the area where a mixture with a lower dielectric constant is distributed. Furthermore, in the mixture with a higher dielectric constant, the proportion of the material with that higher dielectric constant is also greater. Therefore, it can still be understood that the dielectric material with the higher dielectric constant is closer to the central area of ​​the lens body. The density distribution law states that the closer to the central area of ​​the lens body, the greater the distribution density of the dielectric material. Distribution density refers to the ratio of the number of dielectric materials per unit volume in the lens body, or the ratio of the weight of the dielectric material per unit volume in the lens body.Using the material distribution law or the density distribution law, or a combination of the material distribution law and the density distribution law, one can achieve an effect that makes the dielectric constant increasingly lower in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body. It should be noted that if only one lens element is provided in the wound body, the wound body is formed by winding the strip material from one end, with the center axis of the lens element coinciding with the center axis of the wound body. If the strip material is unwound, it can be observed that the dielectric material is distributed over a specific flat area of ​​the strip material, and this specific flat area is called the dielectric distribution area. In this case, the length of the dielectric distribution area is typically much greater than its width. The length of the dielectric distribution area is referred to as the QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi refers to the length in the longitudinal direction of the strip material, and the width of the dielectric distribution area refers to the length in the transverse direction of the strip material. In the dielectric distribution area, the dielectric constant of the dielectric material changes gradually in both the transverse and longitudinal directions of the strip material, which differs from the dielectric constant that changes gradually only in the longitudinal direction of the strip material as recorded in Chinese patent document no. CN111262042B. In the case of multiple lens bodies being provided in the wound body, the wound body is formed by winding the strip material from one end, and the center axis of each of these lens bodies coincides with the center axis of the wound body.If the strip material is unwound, a number of dielectric distribution areas corresponding to the lens bodies can be observed. In this case, for a single dielectric distribution area, the dielectric distribution within that area is the same as in the case of a single lens body. When there is only one lens body in the wound body, the wound body is formed by winding the strip material from its center, with the central axis of the lens body coinciding with the central axis of the wound body. There are two dielectric distribution areas in the strip material; these two areas are symmetrically distributed and may or may not be connected.In the case where two or more lens bodies are provided in the wound body, the wound body is formed by combining two or more strip material pieces at their respective ends and then rolling them together, or by combining two or more strip material pieces at their respective centers and then rolling them together, with the central axis of the lens body coinciding with the central axis of the wound body. This is equivalent to the strip material having twice as many dielectric distribution areas as there are lens bodies; each pair of dielectric distribution areas is symmetrically distributed, and each pair of dielectric distribution areas may or may not be connected. It should also be noted that because it is difficult to achieve a continuous, monotonically gradual change of the dielectric constant, a stepped, monotonically gradual change mode can be used instead. If the number of steps is sufficiently large, the effect of a continuous, monotonically gradual change can be very closely approximated. When this mode is reflected in the structure of the electromagnetic lens of the present invention—that is, the lens body is divided into several stepped dielectric constant layers—a stepped dielectric constant layer having a higher dielectric constant value completely envelops the stepped dielectric constant layer having a lower dielectric constant value; the respective 8 QQConn / eznz / B / YiAi dielectric constant values ​​of adjacent stepped dielectric constant layers; and the dielectric constant of the lens body decreases in a stepped manner in one direction from the inside to the outside of the lens body, which is equivalent to forming, in the lens body, a multilayer structure wrapped with an increasingly lower dielectric constant from the inside to the outside of the lens body.When the monotonous, stepped, gradual change mode is reflected in the strip material structure of the present invention, i.e., the dielectric distribution area is divided into several sub-distribution areas, and the sub-distribution area having a higher dielectric constant is wholly or half-surrounded by a sub-distribution area having a lower dielectric constant; when the strip material is wound from a sub-distribution area having a higher dielectric constant, each sub-distribution area corresponds to a stepped dielectric constant layer of the resulting lens body.Since, for the same target outer diameter, the thinner the strip material, the greater the number of winding layers that can be obtained in the wound body, and a greater number of winding layers means that the number of divisible stepped dielectric constant layers is also greater, thus facilitating control of the target property of the lens body, for example, the lens body of the present invention can even approximate, step by step, the electromagnetic property of the classical Luneberg lens model with more than 50 stepped dielectric constant layers. It should be noted that, although the number of stepped dielectric constant layers of the lens body in the present invention is not greater than the number of winding layers n of the wound body, it is not necessarily equal to the number of winding layers n of the wound body. In the case where only one lens body is provided in the wound body and the wound body is formed by winding the strip material from one end of the strip material, and the central axis of the lens body coincides with the central axis of the wound body, it is preferable that the dielectric distribution area has the following arrangement: i.e., the dielectric distribution area includes a triangular area and several V-shaped areas; these V-shaped areas have different sizes, but all have the same direction and are all arranged along the longitudinal direction of the strip material; the smaller V-shaped area is half-surrounded by the larger V-shaped area, and the triangular area is half-surrounded by the smaller V-shaped area; the dielectric constant of the triangular area is the highest, and the further the V-shaped area is from the triangular area, the lower its dielectric constant will be.This arrangement of the dielectric distribution area is called a shape. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi triangular in the present invention, and the end where the triangular area is located is an initial end. The strip material of the triangular-shaped dielectric distribution area can form a lens body in the shape of a sphere or rugby ball within the wound body after being wound from the initial end of the triangular shape. The shape depends on a ratio between the length and width of the larger V-shaped area. In the case where only one lens body is provided in the wound body and the wound body is formed by winding the strip material from one end of the strip material, and the central axis of the lens body coincides with the central axis of the wound body, the dielectric distribution area may have the following arrangement: i.e., the dielectric distribution area includes a rectangular area and several U-shaped areas; these U-shaped areas have different sizes, but all have the same direction and are all arranged along the longitudinal direction of the strip material; the smaller U-shaped area is half surrounded by the larger U-shaped area, and the rectangular area is half surrounded by the smaller U-shaped area; the dielectric constant of the rectangular area is the highest, and the further the U-shaped area is from the rectangular area, the lower its dielectric constant is;The U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped area includes both a semicircular bottom and a flat bottom. This arrangement of the dielectric distribution area is referred to as the rectangular shape in the present invention, and the end where the rectangular area is located is a starting end. The strip material of the rectangular dielectric distribution area can form a cylindrical lens body within the wound body after being wound from the starting end of the rectangular shape. Whether the shape is barrel-shaped or elongated depends on the ratio of the length to the width of the larger U-shaped area. If a plurality of spherical lens bodies are provided within the wound body, and the wound body is formed by winding the strip material from one end, and the respective center axes of these spherical lens bodies coincide with the center axis of the wound body, a corresponding number of triangular dielectric distribution areas can be observed when the strip material is unwound. When the sizes of these spherical lens bodies differ, the lengths of the triangular dielectric distribution areas also vary. To prevent the rolled-up body from unwinding automatically, there may be an adhesive layer between the layers of the rolled-up body, or a wrapping layer is provided outside the rolled-up body. The wrapping layer may be heat-shrinkable. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi According to Chinese patent document no. CN111262042B, a lens manufacturing process is limited to producing a cylindrical lens or an elliptical cylindrical lens whose shape is naturally formed by rolling strip material of constant width. Although the present electromagnetic lens and the lens obtained by the lens manufacturing process in Chinese patent document no. CN111262042B are both rolled lenses, 1) the dielectric constant of the dielectric material of the present lens changes gradually in both the transverse and longitudinal directions of the strip material, such that within the lens body, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside out, while Chinese patent document no.° CN111262042B records that the dielectric constant decreases more and more only along the radial direction of the cylindrical lens or elliptical cylindrical lens, and the dielectric constant does not change along the axis of the cylindrical lens or elliptical cylindrical lens; 2) in relation to Chinese patent document no.° CN111262042B, the shape of the lens body of the present invention is not determined by the shape that is naturally formed after rolling the strip material, but is artificially predetermined, so that when the shape of the rolled body is a cylinder, the shape of the lens body can be a sphere or a prism but not necessarily a cylinder; when the lens body in the present invention is a sphere, the present invention can be more in accordance with the classic model of the Luneberg lens, with the aim of obtaining the most ideal effect; image that there are one, two or even more Luneberg lens bodies more in accordance with the classic model in a rolled cylindrical body made by winding, which is a technical effect that cannot be obtained by the lens manufacturing procedure in Chinese patent document no.° CN111262042B; 3) the number of layers included by the cylinder of the cylinder lens registered in Chinese patent document no.° CN111262042B is n, so the number of divided areas in its substrate is also n; since there are high dielectric constant particle materials with different dielectric constant values ​​distributed in different areas, it is equivalent to limiting that the number of staggered dielectric constant layers from the inside to the outside of the cylinder lens is equal to the number of winding layers of the cylinder; however, in practical applications, a mechanical diameter of the electromagnetic lens is related to an operating frequency of an oscillator, and when the operating frequency of the oscillator is low, it means that the mechanical diameter of the corresponding electromagnetic lens is large; in this case, it is sometimes difficult to balance the number of staggered dielectric constant layers of the cylinder lens, the number of layers of. QQConn / cznz / e / YiAi cylinder winding and cylinder lens mechanical diameter. For example, 21 stepped dielectric constant layers are designed for a given cylinder lens, and a calculated dielectric constant step value for each layer is 0.05; it is not easy to prepare such 21 types of high dielectric constant particle materials, and the number of winding layers of the cylinder lens in this case is only 21; for a cylinder lens with an objective mechanical diameter of 1000 mm, the substrate thickness should be about 24 mm, but it is not easy to wind the 24 mm thick substrate that has a small radius of curvature, which normally leaves a tubular cavity with a large inner diameter in the middle of the cross-section of the cylinder lens; in this case, even if the above mode of filling a rod-shaped part is adopted, the influence on the operating characteristic of the cylinder lens is relatively large. The present invention also provides a method for producing an electromagnetic lens, specifically including the following steps. In SI00, a corresponding dielectric distribution area is provided for each lens body in a strip material. For a given dielectric distribution area belonging to the same lens body, in a longitudinal direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant changes monotonically, and in a transverse direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. In SI50, in the longitudinal direction of the strip material, the strip material is wound from one end of the strip material with a higher dielectric constant until all dielectric distribution areas are wound onto the strip material. Each dielectric distribution area thus forms a corresponding, artificially predetermined, three-dimensional lens body within the resulting wound body. The end of the strip material with the higher dielectric constant is also a solid end of the strip material. In S190, each winding layer is fixed during or after the winding process. The present invention also provides another method for producing an electromagnetic lens, which specifically includes the following steps. In S200, a corresponding dielectric distribution area is provided for each lens body in a strip material. For a given dielectric distribution area belonging to the same lens body, in a longitudinal direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically towards both sides. In a cross-sectional area of ​​the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. The centers of the dielectric distribution areas belonging to different lens bodies all pass through an axis called the initial winding axis, and the initial winding axis is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the strip material. A center of a dielectric distribution area refers to a point that has the highest dielectric constant in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the strip material. In S250, the strip material is wound from the initial winding axis to both ends of the strip material at the same time until all dielectric distribution areas are wound into the strip material and each dielectric distribution area thus forms an artificially predetermined three-dimensional lens body within a resulting wound body, in which the winding process remains in the longitudinal direction of the strip material. In S290, each winding layer is fixed during or after the winding process. The present invention also provides another method for producing an electromagnetic lens, which specifically includes the following steps. In S300, a corresponding dielectric distribution area is provided for each lens body in a strip material. For a given dielectric distribution area belonging to the same lens body, in a longitudinal direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant changes monotonically. In a transverse direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. An end of the strip material with a higher dielectric constant is also a solid end of the strip material. There are S strip materials of the same specification manufactured at this stage, where S is greater than or equal to 2. In S350, the respective ends of these strip materials that have a higher dielectric constant are combined in common contact, and then all the strip materials are wound at the same time with a central axis of their common contact structure being taken as the initial winding axis until all the dielectric distribution areas are wound into the strip materials and each dielectric distribution area thus forms an artificially predetermined three-dimensional lens body within a resulting wound body, in which the winding process remains in a longitudinal direction of each strip material. In S390, each winding layer is fixed during or after a winding process. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi The present invention also provides another method for producing an electromagnetic lens, which specifically includes the following steps. In S400, a corresponding dielectric distribution area is provided for each lens body in a strip material. For a given dielectric distribution area belonging to the same lens body, in a longitudinal direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. In a transverse direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. The centers of the dielectric distribution areas belonging to different lens bodies in the same strip material all pass through an axis called the initial winding axis, and the initial winding axis is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the strip material.A center of a dielectric distribution area refers to a point that has the highest dielectric constant in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the strip material. There are P strip materials of the same specification manufactured at that stage, where P is greater than or equal to 2, or P is greater than or equal to 3. In S450, the respective centers of the dielectric distribution areas of these strip materials are combined in common contact, then all the strip materials are wound at the same time with a central axis of their common contact structure being taken as the initial winding axis until all the dielectric distribution areas are wound into the strip materials and each dielectric distribution area thus forms an artificially predetermined three-dimensional lens body within a resulting wound body, in which the winding process remains in a longitudinal direction of each strip material. In S490, each winding layer is fixed during or after a winding process. In the above procedures for producing an electromagnetic lens, the arrangement of the dielectric distribution area can adopt the above triangular shape or the rectangular shape. The present invention also provides a lens antenna, which includes an antenna oscillator and, in particular, the electromagnetic lens. A non-lens portion is formed in the electromagnetic lens, and the antenna oscillator is fixed to the non-lens portion. Through this technical solution, even a positioning structure between the antenna oscillator and the electromagnetic lens can be completely omitted. The positioning structure refers to a structure used to maintain the relative position between the antenna oscillator and the QQConn / cznz / e / YiAi electromagnetic lens body. If two or more lens elements are arranged circumferentially around the coiled body, the antenna oscillator can be placed inside the coiled body, on the non-lens portion. Otherwise, the antenna oscillator is typically located on the periphery of the coiled body. The present invention has the following advantages. 1) good electromagnetic properties; 2) high product consistency; 3) high production efficiency; 4) applicable to a wide range of target sizes; 5) ability to achieve a compact and stable structure; and 6) ability to achieve a single entity with multiple lenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 1. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a section AA structure from Figure 1. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an unwound structure of a strip material in embodiment 1. Figure 4 shows the position of the boundary point of each area of ​​a strip material in the coordinate system of embodiment 1. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a strip material structure bonded with a film of embodiment 1. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the strip material bonded with a film. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of embodiment 2. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 3. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure in section BB of Figure 8. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 4. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a CC section structure from Figure 10. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of embodiment 5. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 6. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of embodiment 6. Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 7. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a structure in section FF from Figure 15. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a rod-shaped part in embodiment 6. Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of a strip material structure that has a variable thickness. Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of embodiment 8. Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 9. Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of a structure in section DD of Figure 20. Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of an unwound structure of a strip material in embodiment 9. Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of embodiment 10. Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of embodiment 11. Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 12. Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of a structure in EE section of Figure 25. Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 13. Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of an unwound structure of a strip material in embodiment 13. Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 14. Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 15. Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 16. Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of an unwound structure of a strip material in embodiment 16. Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of embodiment 17. Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of embodiment 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ACHIEVEMENTS The content of the present invention is further explained below in combination with embodiments. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi Implementation 1 This embodiment is an electromagnetic lens and a method for producing an electromagnetic lens. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the electromagnetic lens is a cylindrical wound body 100 formed by winding strip material 101. As shown in Figure 3, a dielectric material is distributed over a surface of the strip material 101, and this dielectric material is distributed in an area called the dielectric distribution area 103, which has a specific shape. After the strip material 101 is wound to form the wound body 100, the dielectric material is distributed in an artificially predetermined spherical interval within the wound body 100. The spherical interval where the dielectric material is distributed is the lens body 104 of the electromagnetic lens of this embodiment. A portion of the wound body 100 other than the lens body 104 is called the non-lens portion 105.The part 105 that is not a lens is formed by areas 106 of non-dielectric distribution of the strip material 101. In this embodiment, the strip material 101 is a foam material with a low dielectric constant, and the closer the dielectric constant of the foam material is to 1, the better. Specific types of materials are introduced in Chinese patent document no. CN111262042B, and elaborations are omitted herein. This embodiment aims to obtain a lens body that conforms to the classical Luneberg lens model and adopts a stepped approximation structure. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the rolled body 100 of this embodiment is formed by winding a strip material 101 from its end. As shown in Figure 3, the dielectric distribution area of ​​the strip material 101 of this embodiment adopts a triangular arrangement comprising one triangular area and three V-shaped areas. After winding the strip material 101 to form the rolled body 100, a portion of the strip material containing the dielectric distribution area 103 will form an approximately spherical lens body 104, and the formed lens body 104 will contain four layers of stepped dielectric constant. As shown in Figure 3, the triangular shape of the dielectric distribution area 103 includes a triangular area 107 and three V-shaped areas. These V-shaped areas are designated first V-shaped area 108, second V-shaped area 109, and third V-shaped area 110, respectively. The first V-shaped area 108 is the smallest, the second V-shaped area 109 is the largest, and the third V-shaped area 110 is the largest. The first V-shaped area 108 partially surrounds the triangular area 107, and the second V-shaped area 109 surrounds the triangular area 107. The triangular area 108 surrounds the first V-shaped area 108, and the third V-shaped area 110 surrounds the second V-shaped area 109. Since the three V-shaped areas all have the same direction and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the strip material 101, the triangular area and these V-shaped areas together form a complete dielectric distribution area 103 with no empty interior space. Since the outer contour of this dielectric distribution area 103 is triangular, it is named the triangular shape. The portion of strip material in the triangular area 107 has the highest dielectric constant, the portions of strip material in the first V-shaped area 108 and the second V-shaped area 109 have successively decreasing dielectric constants, and the portion of strip material in the third V-shaped area 110 has the lowest dielectric constant.It can be observed that, in this embodiment, in the longitudinal direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant changes monotonically, and in the transverse direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. The triangular area 107 is directly near one end of the strip material 101, and the strip material 101 is wound from one end of the strip material 101 where the triangular area 107 is located in the longitudinal direction of the strip material until the entire dielectric distribution area 103 is wound onto the strip material. A lens body is then formed having four layers of staggered dielectric constants, and the central axis of the lens body 104 coincides with the central axis of the wound body 100.Specifically, the strip material portion of the triangular area 107 is formed correspondingly with a first layer 121 of innermost stepped dielectric constant, the strip material portion of the first V-shaped area 108 is formed correspondingly with a second layer 122 of relatively outer stepped dielectric constant, the strip material portion of the second V-shaped area 109 is formed correspondingly with a third layer 123 of outer stepped dielectric constant, and the strip material portion of the third V-shaped area 110 is formed correspondingly with a fourth layer 124 of outermost stepped dielectric constant.Since the flat triangular area 107 takes the form of an approximate sphere after winding, and the flat V-shaped area takes the form of an approximately spherical hollow shell after winding, the triangular area 107 will form the first stepped dielectric constant layer 121 in the form of a sphere, the first V-shaped area 108, the second V-shaped area 109, and the third V-shaped area 110 will correspondingly form the second stepped dielectric constant layer 122, the third 18. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi layer 123 of stepped dielectric constant and the fourth layer 124 of stepped dielectric constant. Such a three-dimensional layered structure in which the dielectric constant gradually decreases from the inside to the outside is the structure required by the lens body of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a target specification of this embodiment is that the wound body 100 has a diameter dn of approximately 160 mm, and the lens body 104 has the same diameter as the wound body 100. The lens body 104 has four stepped dielectric constant layers, each layer being approximately 20 mm thick. However, the strip material used in this embodiment has a width h of 160 mm and a thickness t of 2 mm. Consequently, the stepped dielectric constant layers, from the inside out, have outer diameters of 40 mm, 80 mm, 120 mm, and 160 mm, respectively. Given this condition, it is necessary to determine the key contour points of each triangular area and each V-shaped area to obtain their specific boundaries. A description is provided below. The total length L of the required strip material can be obtained using the following approximate calculation formula: L = 7t*n*(dl+dn) / 2, where di is a value of the innermost layer diameter, dn is a value of the outermost layer diameter, n is the number of winding layers (one side only); n is equal to [(dndl) / (2*t)]+l, where t is the thickness of a strip material with a constant thickness. Specifically, in this embodiment, dn = 160mm, dl=4mm, t=2mm and then n = [(1604) / (2-2)]+l = 40, and L = π*40*(4+160) / 2 ~ 10.299 mm. The above formula for calculating the total length of strip material 101 can also be used to calculate the length of the triangular area and each V-shaped area in the longitudinal direction of the strip material, with the aim of determining their respective specific positions in the strip material. As shown in Figure 4, the x-coordinate is assumed to be a longitudinal direction of the strip material 101, the y-coordinate is a transverse direction of the strip material 101, and a transverse midpoint of one end of the strip material 101 is assumed to be an origin O. In the triangular area 107, the coordinates of its three boundary points are pl (0, 20), p2 (0, -20) and p3 (691, 0) respectively. The performance of calculation 691 is obtained as follows: given that the outer diameter of the stepped dielectric constant layer corresponding to this area is 40 mm, η = [(40-4) / (2·2)]+1 = lOyLl = π*10*(4+40) / 2 ~ 691. QQConn / eznz / B / YiAi In the first V-shaped area 108, the coordinates of its three boundary points are wl (0, 40), w2 (0, -40), and w3 (2638, 0), respectively. The yield 2638 is calculated as follows: given that the outer diameter of the stepped dielectric constant layer corresponding to this area is 80 mm, η = [(80-4) / (2·2)]+1 = 20 and L2 = π*20*(4+80) / 2 ~ 2.638. In the second V-shaped area 109, the coordinates of its three boundary points are ul (0, 60), u2 (0, -60), and u3 (5840, 0), respectively. The 5840 performance is calculated as follows: given that the outer diameter of the stepped dielectric constant layer corresponding to this area is 120 mm, η = ((120-4) / (2·2)]+1 = 30 and L3 = π*30*(4+120) / 2 ~ 5.840. In the third V-shaped area 110, the coordinates of its three boundary points are vi (0, 80), v2 (0, -80), and v3 (10299, 0) respectively. The yield 10299 is calculated as follows: given that the outer diameter of the stepped dielectric constant layer corresponding to this area is 160 mm, η = [(160-4) / (2·2)]+1 = 40 and L4 = L = π*40*(4+160) / 2 ~ 10.299. After the coordinates of the key boundary points of each area have been calculated, the specific boundary of each area can be obtained. It should be noted that the length L of the strip material may be greater than the longitudinal length of the triangular dielectric distribution area. In this case, the non-lens portion of the resulting coiled body will completely enclose the lens body. As shown in Figure 5, in this embodiment, the dielectric material is bonded to a film 130 with a low dielectric constant, and the film is then adhered to a strip surface of material 101. The film 130 has a dielectric constant close to 1, while the dielectric material is a type of ink with a high dielectric constant, such as conductive ink. The ink is printed onto the film using a printer, and the ink droplets form a pattern on the film. Since the sizes and positions of the ink droplets can be precisely controlled, the dielectric constant of the corresponding area can also be precisely controlled. Of course, the dielectric material could also be an entity with a different shape or structure.As shown in Figure 6, when the width of the strip material is greater than the maximum printing width of a printer, the required patterns on the film can be printed one by one. These films are then adhered to the surface of the strip material along its length and spliced ​​together to form a target pattern. Figure 6 shows three films being adhered to the surface of the strip material side by side. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi in the longitudinal direction of the strip material. The corresponding dielectric constants of the first step-dielectric constant layer 121, the second step-dielectric constant layer 122, the third step-dielectric constant layer 123, the fourth step-dielectric constant layer 124, and the non-lens portion 105 established in this embodiment are respectively 2, 1.7, 1.4, 1.1, and L. This distribution law is based on a step-approximation law of the classical Luneberg lens model. If a more ideal effect is desired, a greater number of step-dielectric constant layers may be established, but the number of step-dielectric constant layers must not exceed the number of winding layers n. For example, if the outer diameter of the wound body is set at 160 mm and the thickness of the strip material is set at 2 mm, the number of winding layers n is at most 160 / (2*2), specifically, 40.Even if each winding layer is taken as a stepped dielectric constant layer, the number of stepped dielectric constant layers is at most 40. The number of winding layers can be increased by using thinner strip materials. Implementation 2 As shown in Figure 7, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 200 adopts the same shape and rolling structure as embodiment 1, but two spherical lens bodies 201 of the same size are formed within the rolled body 200. The two lens bodies 201 are provided at two ends of the cylinder, respectively. In each of the two lens bodies 201, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body. The two lens bodies 201 are arranged along the central axis of the rolled body 200. Implementation 3 As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 300 is pyramid-shaped, and a spherical lens body 301 is formed within the rolled body 300. In the lens body 301, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body, and the central axis of the lens body 301 coincides with that of the rolled body 300. Implementation 4 As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 400 is cylindrical in shape, and there exists a spherical lens body 401 formed QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi within the wound body 400. In the lens body 401, the dielectric constant decreases more and more in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body, and the central axis 402 of the lens body 401 is parallel to and does not coincide with the central axis 403 of the wound body 400. The procedure for producing the electromagnetic lens of this embodiment is different from the procedure of embodiment 1, which will be described by the inventor in other documents. Implementation 5 As shown in Figure 12, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 500 adopts the rolling mode as in embodiment 1. The rolled body 500 is in the form of a capsule-shaped cylinder. Two spherical lens bodies 501 are formed within the rolled body 500, and the two lens bodies 501 are located at opposite ends of the capsule-shaped cylinder. In the lens body 501, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body. The two lens bodies 501 are arranged along the central axis of the rolled body 500. Implementation 6 As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A wound body 600 is tube-shaped, which is equivalent to providing a through-hole 601 in the cylindrical body, and the axis of the through-hole 601 coincides with or is parallel to the axis of the cylinder. Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer circumference of the tube is a cylindrical surface, and its internal through-hole 601 is a circular hole. However, the tube has a relatively thicker wound wall formed by the winding, and three spherical lens bodies 602 are formed within the wall. In the lens body 602, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body. The three lens bodies 602 of this embodiment are arranged in the circumferential direction of the wound body 600. The procedure for producing the electromagnetic lens of this embodiment is different from the procedure of embodiment 1, which will be described by the inventor in other documents. Implementation 7 As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A wound body 700 is cylindrical in shape. A larger winding radius is used for QQConn / cznz / e / YiAi rolls a strip of material, forming a tubular cavity in the central portion of the rolled body's cross-section 700. Once the entire rolling process is complete, the tubular cavity is filled with a rod-shaped portion 701. A lens body 702 is formed within the rolled body 700, and its central axis coincides with that of the rolled body 700. Since the central axis of the tubular cavity coincides with the central axis of the rolled body 700, the rod-shaped portion 701 passes through the lens body 702, and their respective central axes also coincide. As shown in Figure 17, a portion of the rod-shaped portion 701 that passes through the lens body has a dielectric constant distribution that matches the lens body.Therefore, it can be stated that, within the lens body, the dielectric constant decreases more and more in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body. As shown in Figure 18, it can also be used to wind a strip material 705 that has an initial winding part 703 and an end winding part 704 that are thinner than other parts. Implementation 8 As shown in Figure 19, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 lies in the following: the central portion of the wound body 800 is provided with a shaft 801 for collecting and winding the strip material. A portion of the shaft 801 that passes through the lens body 802 has a dielectric constant distribution that matches the lens body 802. Consequently, it can be ensured that, within the lens body 802, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body. Two ends of the shaft 801 are taken as fixed ends of the electromagnetic lens for mechanical connection to a lens holder (not shown). Implementation 9 As shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 900 is cylindrical, and a cylindrical lens body 901 is formed within the rolled body 900. The rolled body 900 of this embodiment is wound from one end of a strip material having a higher dielectric constant, and the center axis of the lens body 901 coincides with the center axis of the rolled body 900. The dielectric distribution area of ​​a strip material 902 is rectangular, as shown in Figure 22. The length of a rectangular area 903 in the longitudinal direction of the strip material 902 can be calculated with reference to the process for calculating the triangular area in embodiment 1, and the length of 23 QQConn / cznz / e / YiAi Each U-shaped area 904 in the longitudinal direction of the strip material 902 can be calculated with reference to the calculation process for the corresponding V-shaped area in embodiment 1. Rectangularly formed lens bodies have the same structure as triangularly formed ones, and the dielectric constant gradually decreases in all directions from the inside to the outside of these lens bodies. The difference lies in the shapes of the lens bodies formed by winding. The former is more often used to form a cylindrical lens body when the wound body is cylindrical, or to form a pyramidal lens body when the wound body is pyramidal. Implementation 10 As shown in Figure 23, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that there is a large spherical lens body 1001 and a small spherical lens body 1002 formed within the rolled-up body 1000. Implementation 11 As shown in Figure 24, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that there is a spherical lens body 1101 and a cylindrical lens body 1102 formed within the rolled-up body 1100. Implementation 12 As shown in Figures 25 and 26, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that a lens body 1201 in the rolled-up body 1200 is pyramid-shaped. Implementation 13 As shown in Figure 27, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens and a method for producing an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 1300 is cylindrical in shape and is formed by winding a piece of strip material from the middle of the strip material.As a consequence of the initial winding position, a dielectric distribution area 1302 of a strip material 1301 in this embodiment is composed of two identical triangular subdielectric distribution areas 1303 and 1305, and the two triangular subdielectric distribution areas 1303 and 1305 are close to each other, as shown in Figure 28; this is equivalent to the fact that, in the dielectric distribution areas, in the longitudinal direction of the strip material 1301, the dielectric material is distributed so that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically to both sides, and in the transverse direction of the strip material 1301, the dielectric material is distributed so that the dielectric constant is. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi is higher in the middle and decreases monotonically on both sides. In this embodiment, the centers of the dielectric distribution areas belonging to different lens bodies all pass through an axis called the initial winding axis 1304, and the initial winding axis 1304 is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the strip material 1301. A center of a dielectric distribution area 1302 refers to a position point that has a higher dielectric constant in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the strip material 1301.Since winding a strip material from the middle can be considered as winding two short strip materials simultaneously, if the staggered dielectric constant layers are of equal thickness, the wound length of such a strip material is approximately half that of a single strip material wound from one end. In this case, the longitudinal proportion of the dielectric distribution area in the strip material will also be approximately half that of the single strip material, while the transverse proportion will remain unchanged. With the same target diameter of the wound body, winding a strip material from the middle can effectively shorten the required winding time.The strip material 1301 is wound from the initial winding axis 1304 towards both ends simultaneously until all the dielectric distribution areas 1302 are wound into the strip material, and each dielectric distribution area 1302 thus forms a corresponding spherical lens body within the resulting wound body 1300, where the winding process remains in the longitudinal direction of the strip material 1301. In this case, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside out. Implementation 14 As shown in Figure 29, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens and a method for producing an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 1400 is cylindrical in shape and is formed by simultaneously rolling three strips of material 1401. The respective ends of the three strips of material 1401 with the highest dielectric constant are brought into common contact, and then all the strips are rolled simultaneously, taking the central axis of their common contact structure as the starting axis for rolling. The respective dielectric distribution areas of the strips in this embodiment are triangular, and the three strips of material 1401 are rolled simultaneously. If the staggered dielectric constant layers are of equal thickness, the rolled length of each strip is approximately only 1 / 3 the length of a strip. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi individual. In this case, the longitudinal proportion of the dielectric distribution area in each strip material will also be approximately 1 / 3 that of the individual strip material, while the transverse proportion will remain unchanged. With the same target diameter of the wound body, this method of winding multiple strip materials simultaneously can effectively shorten the required winding time. In this case, for the dielectric distribution area of ​​an individual strip material, in the longitudinal direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant changes monotonically, and in the transverse direction of the strip material, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on both sides.After winding a strip material into a coiled body, a spherical lens body is formed within the coiled body, and inside the lens body, the dielectric constant decreases more and more in all directions from the inside out. Implementation 15 As shown in Figure 30, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens and a method for producing an electromagnetic lens. A wound body 1500 is cylindrical in shape and is formed by simultaneously winding two strips of material 1501 and 1502 that have the same specification. The centers of the respective dielectric distribution areas of the two strips of material 1501 and 1502 are brought into common contact, and then all the strips are wound simultaneously, taking the central axis of their common contact structure as the initial winding axis. A center of a dielectric distribution area refers to a point that has the highest dielectric constant in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the strip material.Similar to embodiment 13, a dielectric distribution area of ​​an individual strip material in this embodiment is composed of two triangular subdielectric distribution areas, and the two triangular subdielectric distribution areas are close to each other. This is equivalent to the dielectric material being distributed in the dielectric distribution areas, in the longitudinal direction of the strip material, such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side, and in the transverse direction of the strip material, such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. However, since two strip materials 1501 and 1502 are wound from their respective media at the same time, in the case where the staggered dielectric constant layers have the same 26. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi thickness, the single-sided winding length of each strip material is approximately only 1 / 4 that of an individual strip material. In this case, a longitudinal ratio of the dielectric distribution area in each strip material will also be approximately 1 / 4 that of the individual strip material, while a transverse ratio will remain unchanged. After winding the strip materials 1501 and 1502 to form the wound body 1500, a spherical lens body is formed within the wound body, and inside the lens body, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside out. Implementation 16 As shown in Figure 31, this embodiment is an electromagnetic lens. A rolled body 1600 is cylindrical in shape and is formed by winding a strip of material 1601 from the middle of the strip. As a consequence of the initial winding position, a dielectric distribution area 1604 of the strip material 1601 in this embodiment is composed of two identical rectangular subdielectric distribution areas 1602 and 1603, and the two rectangular subdielectric distribution areas 1602 and 1603 are close to each other, as shown in Figure 32.This is equivalent to the fact that, in the dielectric distribution area 1604, in the longitudinal direction of the strip material 1601, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side, and in the transverse direction of the strip material 1601, the dielectric material is distributed such that the dielectric constant is highest in the middle and decreases monotonically on either side. After winding the strip material 1601 to form the wound body 1600, a cylindrical lens body is formed within the wound body 1600, and inside the lens body, the dielectric constant decreases progressively in all directions from the inside out. Implementation 17 As shown in Figure 33, this embodiment is a lens antenna, comprising the electromagnetic lens 1700 of embodiment 9 and an antenna oscillator 1701. The antenna oscillator 1701 is formed on the periphery of the wound body of the electromagnetic lens and is fixed to the non-lens portion of the wound body. In this case, the antenna oscillator 1701 has a predetermined relative position and distance from the lens body 1702. Implementation 18 As shown in Figure 34, this embodiment is a lens antenna, which includes the electromagnetic lens 1800 of embodiment 6 and three antenna oscillators 1801. The three oscillators 1801, 27 QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi Antenna elements 1802 and 1803 are located within a through-hole 1804 and are fixed to the non-lens portion of the coiled body of the electromagnetic lens. In this case, each of the antenna oscillators 1801, 1802, and 1803 has a predetermined relative position and distance with respect to a corresponding lens body 1805, 1806, or 1807. The descriptive specification lists only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. All hexagon infill patterns in the accompanying drawings represent only the areas covered by the dielectric material, not the shape of the dielectric material itself. Any equivalent technical transformation made under the operating principle and concept of the present invention will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic lens, wherein the electromagnetic lens is a rolled body made of a strip material, one or more dielectric materials are distributed over a surface and / or within the strip material, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric material changes gradually in both a transverse and a longitudinal direction of the strip material; after the strip material is rolled to form the rolled body, the dielectric material is distributed in at least an artificially predetermined three-dimensional space interval within the rolled body, and the three-dimensional space interval with the distributed dielectric material is called the lens body; a part of the rolled body other than the lens body is called the non-lens part; the rolled body either has or does not have the non-lens part; the dielectric constant of the lens body is not less than the dielectric constant of the non-lens part;The dielectric constant of the lens body decreases more and more in all directions from the inside to the outside of the lens body, and each direction from the inside to the outside of the lens body indicates a direction from a central area of ​​the lens body to a boundary of the lens body.

2. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein, if the electromagnetic lens includes only one lens body, a central axis of the lens body coincides with, or is parallel to, a central axis of the rolled body; if the electromagnetic lens includes two or more lens bodies, these lens bodies are arranged along or parallel to the central axis of the rolled body.

3. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein, in the case that the electromagnetic lens includes two or more lens bodies, these lens bodies are arranged in a circumferential direction of the rolled body.

4. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein a tubular cavity is provided in a central portion of the cross-section of the wound body, and the tubular cavity is filled with a rod-shaped portion; where the rod-shaped portion must pass through the lens body, a portion of the rod-shaped portion passing through the lens body has a dielectric constant distribution that matches the lens body. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi 5. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein a central portion of the wound body is provided with a shaft for collecting and winding the strip material, and a central axis of the shaft coincides or nearly coincides with a central axis of the wound body; in the event that the axis has to pass through the lens body, a portion of the axis that passes through the lens body has a dielectric constant distribution that is adapted to the lens body.

6. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 5, wherein both ends of the tree are fixed ends of the electromagnetic lens of the present invention.

7. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the wound body has the form of a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a prism, a capsule-shaped cylinder, a sphere, or a tube.

8. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the lens body is shaped like a sphere, rugby ball, cylinder, or prism.

9. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein, in the case that the electromagnetic lens includes two or more lens bodies, these lens bodies have different sizes from each other.

10. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein, in the case that the electromagnetic lens includes two or more lens bodies, these lens bodies have different shapes from each other.

11. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric material is a sheet having a specific / nonspecific shape, or a fiber having a specific length, or a three-dimensional part having a specific / nonspecific shape.

12. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric material is first bonded to a film of low dielectric constant, and then the film is adhered to the surface of the strip material. QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi 13. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein, in the case that the dielectric material is a fiber having a specific length or a three-dimensional part having a specific / non-specific shape, the dielectric material is inserted or embedded wholly or partially in the strip material.

14. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein, in the case that the lens body is spherical, the distribution of the dielectric material throughout the lens body conforms to a step-approximation law of a classical model of a Luneberg lens.

15. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the wound body is formed by winding a strip of material from one end or the middle of the strip of material.

16. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the rolled body is formed by combining two or more pieces of strip material at their respective ends and then rolling them together at the same time, or is formed by combining two or more pieces of strip material at their respective central parts and then rolling them together at the same time.

17. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric material is distributed within the lens body according to a material distribution law, a density distribution law, or a combination of the material distribution law and the density distribution law.

18. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the lens body is divided into several stepped dielectric constant layers; a stepped dielectric constant layer having a higher dielectric constant value completely envelops a stepped dielectric constant layer having a lower dielectric constant value; the respective dielectric constant values ​​of the adjacent stepped dielectric constant layers are staggered; and the dielectric constant of the lens body decreases in a stepwise manner in a direction from the inside to the outside of the lens body.

19. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 18, wherein if the strip material is unwound, the dielectric material is distributed over a specific flat area of ​​the strip material, QQConn / eznz / e / YiAi, said specific flat area being called the dielectric distribution area; the dielectric distribution area is divided into several sub-distribution areas, and a sub-distribution area having a higher dielectric constant is wholly or half-surrounded by a sub-distribution area having a lower dielectric constant; when the strip material is wound from a sub-distribution area having a higher dielectric constant, each sub-distribution area corresponds to a stepped dielectric constant layer of the resulting lens body.

20. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 19, wherein the dielectric distribution area is triangular or rectangular in shape.

21. The electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, wherein the wound body has an adhesive layer between the winding layers, or a wrapping layer on the outside of the wound body.

22. A lens antenna, comprising an antenna oscillator and the electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, a non-lens portion being formed in the electromagnetic lens according to claim 1, and the antenna oscillator being fixed in the non-lens portion.

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