Registration method, system and related apparatus

Abstract

The present application discloses a registration method, a system, and a related apparatus. A UE comprises an NTN communication module and a mobile communication module. The mobile communication module acquires registration information of the NTN communication module. After the mobile communication module registers with a core network of a terrestrial network, the NTN communication module executes a process to register with a core network of a non-terrestrial network by means of the mobile communication module, a radio access network of the terrestrial network and the core network of the terrestrial network. After an NTN-RAN is found, the NTN communication module accesses the core network of the non-terrestrial network. In this way, when the UE finds non-terrestrial network, since the UE has executed the process to register with the non-terrestrial network in the terrestrial network, the core network of the non-terrestrial network stores the registration information of the UE, and thus the UE does not need to execute the registration process in the non-terrestrial network, which reduces signaling overhead between the UE and the core network of the non-terrestrial network, saves time required for the UE to perform the registration procedure in the non-terrestrial network, and saves power consumption of the UE.

Description

A registration method, system and related device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on August 28, 2023, with application number 202311096255.8 and application name “A registration method, system and related devices”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a registration method, system, and related devices. Background Art

[0003] Today, most user equipment (UE) supports non-terrestrial network (NTN) communications. UE can communicate via satellite in areas such as oceans, deserts, grasslands, high altitudes, and uninhabited areas where mobile communications are not available, cannot be covered, or where communications systems are disrupted.

[0004] The UE can only use non-terrestrial network communication functions after successfully registering with the non-terrestrial network. During the UE registration process, the UE needs to send signaling to the satellite and receive signaling from the satellite. This registration process is time-consuming, occupies a large amount of air interface resources, and consumes a lot of UE power.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a registration method, system, and related apparatus. A user equipment (UE) includes an NTN communication module and a mobile communication module. The mobile communication module obtains the registration information of the NTN communication module. After the mobile communication module registers with the terrestrial core network, the NTN communication module performs the registration process for the non-terrestrial core network through the mobile communication module and the terrestrial core network. After searching for the NTN-RAN, the UE's NTN communication module accesses the non-terrestrial core network. This enables the UE to register the NTN communication module with the NTN-CN through the mobile communication module and the TN-CN.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a registration method, which is applied to a communication system, the communication system including a user equipment (UE), a core network (NTN-CN) device of a non-terrestrial network, an access network (NTN-RAN) device of the non-terrestrial network, and a core network (TN-CN) device of a terrestrial network; the method comprising: the UE sending a first registration request message to the TN-CN device, the first registration request message being used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; the TN-CN device sending the first registration request message to the NTN-CN device;

[0008] The NTN-CN device sends a first registration acceptance message to the TN-CN device, where the first registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE that the registration of the NTN-CN device is successful; the TN-CN device sends the first registration acceptance message to the UE;

[0009] The UE searches for the NTN-RAN device and sends a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device. The second registration request message is used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device.

[0010] The NTN-CN device sends a second registration acceptance message to the UE; the UE receives the second registration acceptance message and registers with the NTN-CN device.

[0011] In this way, the UE can perform the non-terrestrial network registration process in the terrestrial network. Once the UE searches for a base station in the non-terrestrial network, since the UE has already performed the non-terrestrial network registration process in the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network core network stores the UE's registration information, the UE can access the non-terrestrial network core network without performing the non-terrestrial network registration process. This reduces signaling overhead between the UE and the non-terrestrial network core network, shortens the time required for the UE to perform the non-terrestrial network registration process, and saves the UE's power consumption.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the communication system further includes a non-terrestrial radio access network (NTN-RAN) device; and sending the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device specifically includes: the UE sending the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device through the NTN-RAN device;

[0013] The NTN-CN device sending the second registration accept message to the UE specifically includes: the NTN-CN sending the second registration accept message to the UE via the NTN-RAN device. In this way, after searching for the NTN-RAN device, the UE can send messages to the NTN-CN device via the NTN-RAN device, and can receive messages sent by the NTN-CN device via the NTN-RAN device.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: after receiving the first registration request message, the NTN-CN device obtains the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device; after receiving the first SIM card identifier, the NTN-CN device authenticates the first SIM card through the TN-CN device; after successfully authenticating the first SIM card, the NTN-CN device notifies the UE through the TN-CN device to configure a security mode for the first SIM card; and the NTN-CN device sends a first registration accept message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: after the UE completes the security mode configuration for the first SIM card, the NTN-CN device sends the first registration accept message to the TN-CN device. In this way, the NTN-CN can obtain the UE's identity identifier through the TN-CN, authenticate the UE, and notify the UE to configure the security mode. The UE then performs some steps of registering with the NTN-CN on the TN-CN network, thereby saving air interface resources, time, and power consumption associated with performing these steps on the NTN-CN network.

[0015] In one possible implementation, after receiving the first registration request message, the NTN-CN device obtains the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device. Specifically, the NTN-CN device sends a first N1 non-terrestrial network container (N1 NTN Container) to the TN-CN device after receiving the first registration message. The first N1 NTN Container includes a first identity request message, and the first identity request message is used to obtain the first SIM card identifier. The TN-CN device sends a first non-access stratum (NAS) message to the UE, and the first NAS message includes the first N1 NTN Container. After receiving the first N1 NTN Container, the UE sends a second NAS message to the TN-CN device, and the second NAS message includes a second N1 TNT Container. The second N1 TNT Container includes a first identity response message, and the first identity response message includes the first SIM card identifier. The TN-CN device sends the second N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device. In this way, the NTN-CN device can obtain the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device.

[0016] In one possible implementation, after receiving the first SIM card identifier, the NTN-CN device authenticates the first SIM card through the TN-CN device. Specifically, the NTN-CN device sends a third N1 non-terrestrial network container (N1 NTN Container) to the TN-CN device after receiving the first SIM card identifier. The third N1 NTN Container includes a first authentication request message, and the first authentication request message is used to authenticate the first SIM card. The TN-CN device sends a third NAS message to the UE, and the third NAS message includes a third N1 NTN Container. After receiving the third N1 NTN Container, the UE sends a fourth NAS message to the TN-CN device, and the fourth NAS message includes a fourth N1 TNT Container. The fourth N1 TNT Container includes a first authentication response message, and the first authentication response message includes an authentication response from the UE. The TN-CN device sends the fourth N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device. In this way, the NTN-CN device can authenticate the first SIM card of the UE through the TN-CN device.

[0017] In one possible implementation, after successfully authenticating the first SIM card, the NTN-CN device notifies the UE through the TN-CN device to configure the security mode. Specifically, the NTN-CN device sends a fifth N1 non-terrestrial network container (N1 NTN Container) to the TN-CN device after successfully authenticating the first SIM card. The fifth N1 NTN Container includes a first security mode command message, and the first security mode command message is used to notify the UE to configure the security mode. The TN-CN device sends a fifth NAS message to the UE, and the fifth NAS message includes a fifth N1 NTN Container. After receiving the fifth N1 NTN Container, the UE sends a sixth NAS message to the TN-CN device, and the sixth NAS message includes a sixth N1 TNT Container. The sixth N1 TNT Container includes a first security mode complete message, and the first security mode complete message is used to notify the UE that the security mode configuration is complete. The TN-CN device sends the sixth N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device. In this way, the NTN-CN device can notify the UE through the TN-CN device to configure the security mode for the first SIM card.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE sends a seventh NAS message to the TN-CN device, where the seventh NAS message includes a seventh N1 TNT Container, and the seventh N1 TNT Container includes the first registration request message. In this way, the UE can transparently transmit the N1 NTN Container to the NTN-CN device via the NAS message. The TN-CN device does not need to parse the content of the N1 NTN Container and forwards the N1 NTN Container to the NTN-CN device, thereby implementing the UE's registration with the NTN-CN device under the TN.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the TN-CN device sends the first registration request message to the NTN-CN device, specifically including: the TN-CN device sends the seventh N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device. In this way, the TN-CN device can send the first registration request message of the UE to the NTN-CN device.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the UE includes a mobile communication module; and the UE sends a first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE registering with the TN-CN device via the mobile communication module; and the UE sending the first registration request message to the TN-CN device via the mobile communication module. Thus, after the UE registers with the TN-CN device, the UE and the NTN-CN device can transmit signaling regarding the UE's registration with the NTN-CN device via the TN-CN device.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE sends a third registration request message to the TN-CN device, where the third registration request message includes the first registration request message, and the third registration request message is used to register the UE with the TN-CN device. In this way, when the UE sends the third registration request message to the TN-CN device, the first registration request message for registering the UE with the NTN-CN device can be added to the third registration request message. The UE does not need to send two registration request messages separately, saving transmission time and air interface overhead.

[0022] In one possible implementation, before obtaining the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device, the method further includes: after receiving the third registration request message, the TN-CN device obtains the second SIM card identifier of the UE; after receiving the second SIM card identifier, the TN-CN device authenticates the second SIM card; after successfully authenticating the second SIM card, the TN-CN device notifies the UE to configure a security mode for the second SIM card; obtaining the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device specifically includes: after the UE completes the security mode configuration for the second SIM card, the TN-CN device obtains the first SIM card identifier of the UE; and the TN-CN device sends the first SIM card identifier to the NTN-CN device. In this way, only after obtaining the second SIM card identifier, successfully authenticating the second SIM card, and completing the security mode configuration for the second SIM card, can the TN-CN device help the UE and the NTN-CN device transmit signaling for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the TN-CN device sends the first registration accept message to the UE, specifically including: the TN-CN device sends a third registration accept message to the UE, the third registration accept message including the first registration accept message, and the third registration accept message is used to notify the UE to register with the TN-CN device. In this way, when the TN-CN device sends the third registration accept message to the UE, it can add the first registration accept message indicating that the UE has successfully registered with the NTN-CN device to the third registration accept message. The TN-CN device does not need to send two registration messages separately, saving transmission time and air interface overhead.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the registration type of the first registration request message is initial registration, and the registration type of the second registration request message is mobility registration.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides another registration method, which is applied to a user equipment (UE), and the method includes: the UE sends a first registration request message to a core network (TN-CN) device of a terrestrial network, where the first registration request message is used for the UE to register with a core network (NTN-CN) device of a non-terrestrial network; the UE receives a first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, where the first registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; the UE searches for a non-terrestrial network radio access network (NTN-RAN) device, and sends a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device, where the second registration request message is used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; the UE receives the second registration acceptance message and registers with the NTN-CN device. In this way, the UE sends the first registration request message to register with the NTN-CN device to the TN-CN device, and the UE can complete the steps of registering with the NTN-CN device under TN-CN through the TN-CN device, thereby saving the UE's registration overhead under NTN-CN.

[0026] In one possible implementation, sending the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device specifically includes: the UE sending the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device through the NTN-RAN device; and the UE receiving the second registration accept message specifically includes: the UE receiving the second registration accept message sent by the NTN-CN through the NTN-RAN device. In this way, the UE can transmit messages with the NTN-CN device through the NTN-RAN device.

[0027] In one possible implementation, a UE includes a mobile communication module and a non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication module; the UE sends a first registration request message to a TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device via the mobile communication module; the UE receives a first registration accept message sent by the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE receives the first registration accept message sent by the TN-CN device via the mobile communication module; the UE sends a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device, specifically including: the UE sends the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device via the NTN communication module; and the UE receives a second registration accept message, specifically including: the UE receives the second registration accept message via the NTN communication module. In this way, the UE's mobile communication module can be used to transmit messages between the UE and the TN-CN device, and the NTN communication module can be used to transmit messages between the UE and the NTN-CN device.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the UE includes an NTN communication module, which is bound to a first SIM card; before the UE receives a first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, the method further includes: the UE receives a first identity request message sent by the TN-CN device, the first identity request message is used to obtain a first SIM card identifier; the UE sends a first identity response message to the TN-CN device, the first identity response message includes the UE's first SIM card identifier; the UE receives a first authentication request message sent by the TN-CN device, the first authentication request message is used to authenticate the first SIM card; the UE sends a first authentication response message to the TN-CN device, the first authentication response message includes an authentication response of the UE; the UE receives a first security mode command message sent by the TN-CN device, the first security mode command message notifies the UE to configure a security mode for the first SIM card; the UE sends a first security mode completion message to the TN-CN device, the first security mode completion message is used to notify the NTN-CN device that the UE has completed the security mode configuration of the first SIM card. In this way, the UE completes the NTN-CN device obtaining the UE's first SIM card identity under the TN, authenticating the first SIM card, and notifying the UE to configure the security mode, so that the UE does not need to perform these steps under the NTN, saving the UE's air interface overhead, registration time, and power consumption under the NTN.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE sends a first NAS message to the TN-CN device through a mobile communication module, where the first NAS message includes a first N1 non-terrestrial network container (N1 TNT Container), and the first N1 TNT Container includes the first registration request message. In this way, the UE can send a message to the NTN-CN device through the TN-CN device.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the UE receives the first registration accept message sent by the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE receives, through the mobile communication module, a second NAS message sent by the TN-CN device, where the second NAS message includes a second N1 TNT Container, and the second N1 TNT Container includes the first registration accept message. In this way, the UE can receive the message sent by the NTN-CN device through the TN-CN device.

[0031] In one possible implementation, before the UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, the method further includes: the UE registering with the TN-CN device via the mobile communication module. In this way, after successfully registering with the TN-CN device, the UE can perform the step of registering with the NTN-CN device under the TN-CN.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE sends a third registration request message to the TN-CN device, the third registration request message includes the first registration request message, and the third registration request message is used to register the UE with the TN-CN device. In this way, the UE can send the first registration request message to the TN-CN device to register with the NTN-CN device at the same time as sending the third registration request message to the TN-CN device to register with the TN-CN device. The TN-CN device can forward the first registration request message to the NTN-CN device, so that the UE can register with the NTN-CN device under the TN. In this way, the UE can send the request message to the TN-CN device to register with the NTN-CN device at the same time as sending the request message to the TN-CN device to register with the TN-CN device.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the UE receives the first registration accept message sent by the TN-CN device, specifically including: the UE receives a third registration accept message sent by the TN-CN device, the third registration accept message including the first registration accept message, and the third registration accept message is used to notify the UE to register with the TN-CN device. In this way, when the UE receives the registration accept message sent by the TN-CN device to notify the UE to register with the TN-CN device, it can also receive the registration accept message sent by the TN-CN device to notify the UE to register with the NTN-CN device.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the registration type of the first registration request message is initial registration, and the registration type of the second registration request message is mobility registration.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present application provides a registration method, which is applied to a communication system, the communication system including a user equipment (UE), a core network (NTN-CN) device of a non-terrestrial network, and a core network (TN-CN) device of a terrestrial network; the method includes: the UE sends a first registration request message to the TN-CN device, the first registration request message includes capability information indicating that the UE supports NTN communication, and the first registration request message is used for the UE to register with the TN-CN device; the TN-CN device sends a first registration acceptance message to the UE, the first registration acceptance message includes an equivalent public land mobile network (EPLMN) of the NTN, and the first registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE that the registration of the TN-CN device is successful; the UE searches for the NTN-RAN based on the EPLMN;

[0036] The UE sends a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device, where the second registration request message is used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; the NTN-CN device obtains the UE's registration context from the NTN-CN device, where the UE's registration context includes the UE's authentication information, the UE's security mode configuration, the UE's air interface capability information, the UE's paging capability information, and the UE's aggregate maximum bit rate (AMBR); the NTN-CN device sends a second registration accept message to the UE; the UE receives the second registration accept message and registers with the NTN-CN device.

[0037] In this way, the UE can roam into the NTN without having to perform a registration process with the NTN-CN under the NTN, saving the time for UE to register with the core network, air interface resources, and UE power consumption.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a user equipment, comprising: multiple processors and one or more memories, the multiple processors including a mobile communication module and an NTN communication module; the one or more memories are coupled to the multiple processors, and the one or more memories are used to store a computer executable program. When the one or more processors execute the computer executable program, the terminal executes the method as in the second aspect.

[0039] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which enables the computer to execute the method of the second aspect when the computer program runs on a processor of the computer.

[0040] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a chip, applied to a user device, comprising multiple modules, including a mobile communication module and an NTN communication module, and the multiple modules are used to execute the method of the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a registration call flow provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG3 is a flow chart of a registration method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a process flow provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG5 is a flow chart of another registration method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG6 is a flow chart of another registration method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a UE 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following is a clear and detailed description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of "or." For example, A / B can represent A or B. "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0049] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to imply or suggest relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0050] First, a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0051] For example, as shown in FIG1 , the communication system 10 may include but is not limited to core network (CN) equipment, one or more base stations (next generation node b, gNB) and user equipment UE 100. The core network equipment may be used to authenticate the user equipment and provide mobile communication services (e.g., call control, data transmission, etc.) to the UE accessing the core network equipment. The core network equipment may be divided into terrestrial network core network (TN-CN) equipment and non-terrestrial network core network (NTN-CN) equipment. The NTN-CN equipment may include but is not limited to access and mobility management function (AMF) 300. The AMF 300 may be used for NTN core network registration management, UE mobility management control, context security management, and the like.

[0052] The one or more base stations may be referred to as radio access network (RAN) equipment. Radio access network equipment may be used for UEs to access core network equipment. Radio access network equipment may be divided into terrestrial network radio access network (TN-RAN) equipment and non-terrestrial network radio access network (NTN-RAN) equipment. UE 100 may access TN-CN equipment through TN-RAN equipment, which may include the terrestrial base station shown in FIG1 . UE 100 may access NTN-CN equipment through NTN-RAN equipment, which may include the base station 200 shown in FIG1 . It should be noted that base station 200 may include a satellite and a ground transceiver station. When UE 100 sends data to an NTN-CN device, UE 100 first sends the data to the satellite of base station 200. After receiving the data sent by UE 100, the satellite of base station 200 may relay the data sent by UE 100 to the ground transceiver station, which may transmit the data sent by UE 100 to the NTN-CN device. Similarly, when the NTN-CN device sends data to UE100, the NTN-CN device can first send the data to the ground transceiver station of the base station 200. The ground transceiver station can intermediately forward the data sent by the NTN-CN device to the satellite of the base station 200. The satellite of the base station 200 can send the data of the NTN-CN device to UE100.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present application, UE100 can send a wireless signal to the base station 200. After the base station 200 receives the wireless signal sent by UE100, it can forward the wireless signal sent by UE100 to the AMF300 on the ground. Similarly, AMF300 can send a wireless signal to the base station 200, and after the base station 200 receives the wireless signal sent by AMF300, it can forward the wireless signal to UE100. In this way, when UE100 is in an area where mobile communication is not covered, cannot be covered, or the communication system is damaged, such as the ocean, desert, grassland, or uninhabited area, UE100 cannot receive the signal from the ground network, and can access the core network of the non-ground network through the satellite base station, and perform positioning and communication through the core network of the non-ground network.

[0054] The transmission protocol of the communication system 10 includes an access stratum (AS) protocol and a non-access stratum (NAS) protocol. In the communication system 10, the UE 100 and the AMF 300 can communicate via the NAS protocol, the UE 100 and the base station 200 can communicate via the AS protocol, and the AMF 300 and the base station 200 can also communicate via the AS protocol. The AS protocol layer may include a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and a radio resource control (RRC) layer.

[0055] In the following description, NTN-CN equipment may be abbreviated as NTN-CN, TN-CN equipment may be abbreviated as TN-CN, NTN-RAN equipment may be abbreviated as NTN-RAN, and TN-RAN equipment may be abbreviated as TN-RAN.

[0056] Next, a registration call process of UE 100 under NTN provided by an embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0057] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG2 , the registration call process includes the following steps:

[0058] Phase 1: Downlink Synchronize (DLSync)

[0059] S201 . UE 100 receives a master information block (MIB) sent by base station 200 .

[0060] Base station 200 can broadcast the MIB, and any UE within the beam range of base station 200 can receive the MIB sent by base station 200. The MIB includes demodulation parameters of system information block type 1 (SIB1), system bandwidth, system frame number, etc. Based on the MIB, UE 100 can adjust its receiving frequency range to the frequency range for receiving downlink signals from base station 200. UE 100 can also adjust the time point for receiving communication frames sent by base station 200 based on the MIB.

[0061] S202 . UE 100 receives SIB1 sent by base station 200 .

[0062] SIB1, also known as remaining minimum system information (RMSI), can be broadcast by base station 200. UE 100 can obtain the contents of SIB1 broadcast by base station 200 according to the demodulation parameters indicated by the MIB. SIB1 can also include reception time parameters for other SIB messages, indicating the time point at which UE 100 receives other SIB messages.

[0063] In this way, after executing the steps of phase 1, UE 100 can achieve downlink synchronization between UE 100 and base station 200 , and UE 100 can receive data sent by base station 200 within the frequency band indicated by base station 200 and at the time indicated by base station 200 .

[0064] Phase 2: Uplink Synchronize (ULSync)

[0065] S203 . UE 100 sends message 1 (message 1 , MSG 1 ) to base station 200 .

[0066] Message 1 is the preamble sequence of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) uplink synchronization process. UE 100 can obtain random access channel (RACH) configuration information based on SIB1 and select a preamble sequence corresponding to the configuration information based on the obtained configuration information. UE 100 can achieve uplink synchronization between UE 100 and base station 200 based on the preamble sequence, and UE 100 can send uplink signals to base station 200. Message 1 can be called a random access channel preamble sequence (RACH Preamble).

[0067] S204 . UE 100 receives message 2 (message 2, MSG2) sent by base station 200 .

[0068] After receiving MSG1 sent by UE100, base station 200 can determine the transmission delay between base station 200 and UE100 based on MSG1. Thereafter, base station 200 can determine the value of the timing advance command (TAM) field based on the transmission delay between base station 200 and UE100. The timing advance command field is a field in MSG2, which is used to indicate the time when UE100 sends uplink data. Base station 200 can send MSG2 including the TAM field to UE100. After receiving MSG2, UE100 can determine the time to send uplink data to base station 200. Message 2 can be called a random access channel response (RACHResponse).

[0069] In this way, after executing the steps of phase 2, UE 100 can achieve uplink synchronization between UE 100 and base station 200 , and UE 100 can send data to base station 200 within the frequency band indicated by base station 200 and at the time indicated by base station 200 .

[0070] Phase 3: Signaling Radio Bearers 0 (SRB0)

[0071] S205 . UE 100 sends message 3 (message 3, MSG3) to base station 200 .

[0072] After receiving MSG2, UE 100 may establish an RRC connection with base station 200. UE 100 may transmit NAS layer data over the RRC connection. Based on the time indicated by MSG2 for sending uplink data, UE 100 may send MSG3, an RRC Setup Request, to base station 200 via SRB0 over the uplink common control channel (UL-CCCH). SRB0 may carry RRC message MSG3.

[0073] S206 . UE 100 receives message 4 (message 4 , MSG4 ) sent by base station 200 .

[0074] Base station 200 can receive MSG3 from UE 100 at the time indicated by MSG2. After receiving MSG3, base station 200 can determine whether to allow the establishment of the RRC connection and set the content of MSG4 based on the determination result. Among them, when base station 200 does not allow the establishment of the RRC connection, message 4 is a radio resource control rejection (RRCReject) message. When base station 200 confirms the establishment of the RRC connection, message 4 is a radio resource control establishment (RRCSetup) message. Base station 200 can also carry the complete configuration of SRB1 in the RRCSetup message. Base station 200 can send MSG4 via SRB0. After receiving the RRCSetup message, UE 100 can establish SRB1 based on the message.

[0075] In this way, UE 100 can establish an RRC connection after executing the steps of phase three.

[0076] Phase 4: Signaling Radio Bearer 1 (SRB1)

[0077] S207 . UE 100 sends a radio resource control connection setup complete (RRCSetupComplete) message and a non-access stratum registration message (NASRegistration) to the base station 200 .

[0078] After receiving MSG4, UE 100 may configure SRB1 based on MSG4. After completing SRB1 configuration, UE 100 may send an RRCSetupComplete message to base station 200, confirming that the RRC connection has been successfully established. After receiving the RRCSetupComplete message, base station 200 may select an AMF. Here, the AMF selected by base station 200 is AMF 300 shown in Figure 1.

[0079] The RRCSetupComplete message carries a non-access layer registration message, which can be used for UE 100 to register with the AMF. The RRCSetupComplete message sent by UE 100 to base station 200 is carried on SRB1.

[0080] In this way, in the fourth stage, UE100 can send a NAS message to the base station 200 through SRB1, and the base station 200 can forward the NAS message of UE100 to AMF300.

[0081] Phase 5: Registration Request

[0082] S208. The base station 200 sends the initial user equipment information (InitialUEMessage) and registration request (registrationrequest) message of the NG application protocol (NGAP) to the AMF300.

[0083] Among them, NGAP can provide signaling services to RAN nodes and AMF nodes, and can provide signaling and data connections for UE to access the core network. After the base station 200 selects AMF300, it can send InitialUEMessage to AMF300. This message can be used to notify AMF300 that the UE100 will access the core network. The message includes the radio access network user equipment identifier (radio access network user equipment identity, RAN UE NGAP ID) allocated by the base station 200 to UE100 in the NG application protocol. AMF300 can transmit NAS messages with UE100 through the RAN UE NGAP ID. Among them, the base station 200 can send the NAS message (i.e., registration request message) carried in the RRCSetupComplete message to AMF300 through InitialUEMessage, and the registration request message can be used to notify AMF300 that the UE100 registers with the core network.

[0084] Phase 6: NAS Procedure Identity, Authentication (AUTH), and Security Mode Command (SMC)

[0085] S209.AMF300 sends an NGAP non-access layer identity request (NASIdentityRequest) message to the base station 200.

[0086] Among them, the non-access layer identity request is used by the AMF300 of the core network to obtain the identity of UE100.

[0087] S210 . The base station 200 sends a non-access stratum identity request message to the UE 100 .

[0088] After receiving the NAS message sent by AMF300, base station 200 can forward the NAS message to UE100.

[0089] S211 . UE 100 sends a non-access stratum identity response (NASIdentityResponse) message to base station 200 .

[0090] After receiving the NAS message from AMF 300, UE 100 may generate an identity response message that carries the identity indicated in the identity request message. For example, the identity may be an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI). UE 100 may send the identity response message to base station 200.

[0091] S212. The base station 200 sends an NGAP non-access layer identity response message to the AMF 300.

[0092] After receiving the NAS message sent by UE100, base station 200 may forward the NAS message to AMF300. After AMF300 receives the identity response message from UE100, it may perform step S213 based on the identity identifier of UE100 carried in the identity response message.

[0093] S213.AMF300 sends an NGAP non-access layer authentication request (NASAuthenticationRequest) message to the base station 200.

[0094] After receiving the identity identification parameters, the AMF 300 may generate authentication parameters to be carried in the non-access stratum authentication request message. The authentication parameters may include, but are not limited to, a random number (RAND) generated by the AMF 300 using a random number generator and an authentication token (AUTN). The AMF 300 may send the non-access stratum authentication request message to the base station 200.

[0095] S214 . The base station 200 sends a non-access stratum authentication request message to the UE 100 .

[0096] S215 . UE 100 sends a non-access stratum authentication response (NASAuthenticationResponse) message to base station 200 .

[0097] After receiving the NAS authentication request message sent by AMF300 through base station 200, UE100 can calculate the response (RES) of UE100 based on the RAND and AUTN in the authentication parameters. UE100 can send a non-access layer authentication response message carrying RES to base station 200.

[0098] S216. The base station 200 sends an NGAP non-access layer authentication response message to the AMF 300.

[0099] After receiving the non-access layer authentication response message from UE100 through base station 200, AMF300 can authenticate whether UE100 is a legitimate terminal based on RES. When AMF300 confirms that UE100 is a legitimate terminal (i.e., AMF300 authentication is successful), AMF300 can provide communication services to UE100.

[0100] S217.AMF300 sends an NGAP non-access layer security mode command (NASSecurityModeCommand) message to the base station 200.

[0101] The non-access stratum security mode command message may be used to notify the UE 100 to start integrity protection and data encryption.

[0102] S218 . The base station 200 sends a non-access stratum security mode command message to the UE 100 .

[0103] S219 . UE 100 sends a non-access stratum security mode complete (NASSecurityModeComplete) message to base station 200 .

[0104] UE 100 may determine the integrity protection and encryption algorithms based on the non-access stratum security mode command message. UE 100 may encrypt the NAS message based on the integrity protection and encryption algorithms. After receiving the non-access stratum security mode command message, UE 100 may also send a non-access stratum security mode complete message to base station 200, indicating that UE 100 has completed the security mode configuration.

[0105] S220. The base station 200 sends an NGAP non-access layer security mode completion message to the AMF 300.

[0106] The AMF 300 may receive a non-access stratum security mode completion message from the UE 100 through the base station 200 and determine that the UE 100 encrypts the NAS message according to the agreed encryption algorithm.

[0107] S221.AMF300 sends an NGAP initial context setup request message and a registration accept message to the base station.

[0108] AMF 300 may send an Initial Context Setup Request message to base station 200 to initiate the initial context establishment process. This message includes a Registration Accept message, which is a NAS message.

[0109] In this way, in the sixth stage, UE100 and UEAMF300 can transparently transmit NAS messages through base station 200 to complete identity query, authentication, setting of NAS security mode and UE100 registration process.

[0110] Phase 7: User Equipment Capability Exchange (UECapabilityExchange)

[0111] S222 . The base station 200 sends a user equipment capability query (UECapabilityEnquiry) message to the UE 100 .

[0112] After receiving the initial context setup request message sent by AMF300, base station 200 can send a user equipment capability query message to UE100 to start the UE100 capability query process. After obtaining the capabilities of UE100, base station 200 can provide UE100 with the resources required by UE100.

[0113] S223 . UE 100 sends a user equipment capability information (UECapabilityInformation) message to base station 200 .

[0114] The UE 100 replies to the base station 200 with a UECapabilityInformation message, which carries the capability information of the UE 100 . The capability information of the UE 100 may be used to indicate networks supported by the UE 100 , and the like.

[0115] S224. The base station 200 sends an NGAP user equipment capability information indication (UECapabilityInfoIndication) message to the AMF 300.

[0116] The base station 200 sends a UECapabilityInfoIndication message to the AMF 300, so that the AMF 300 can save the capability information of the UE 100 accordingly.

[0117] In this way, in the seventh stage, AMF300 and base station 200 both obtain the capabilities of UE100 and can configure corresponding functions for UE100.

[0118] Phase 8: Access Stratum Security Mode Command (ASSMC)

[0119] S225 . The base station 200 sends an access layer security mode command message to the UE 100 .

[0120] After reporting the capabilities of UE 100 to AMF 300, base station 200 may send an access stratum security mode command message to UE 100, instructing UE 100 to perform integrity protection and encryption on data, allowing secure transmission of RRC messages between UE 100 and base station 200. The access stratum security mode command message may indicate the security key, integrity key, encryption algorithm, and integrity protection algorithm to be used when transmitting messages between UE 100 and base station 200. After sending the access stratum security mode command message, base station 200 may encrypt data and set integrity protection for the data when sending it to UE 100, and then send the encrypted and integrity-protected data to UE 100.

[0121] S226 . UE 100 sends an access stratum security mode complete (ASSecurityModeComplete) message to base station 200 .

[0122] After receiving the access stratum security mode command message sent by base station 200, UE 100 may send an access stratum security mode complete message to base station 200. This access stratum security mode complete message has been integrity protected. After sending the access stratum security mode complete message to base station 200, UE 100 may initiate security mode. In security mode, UE 100 will integrity protect and encrypt data using an algorithm agreed upon with base station 200, and then send the integrity-protected and encrypted data to base station 200.

[0123] In this way, after the eighth stage, the UE 100 and the base station 200 can encrypt and protect the transmitted data through the agreed key, thereby ensuring the security of data transmission.

[0124] Phase 9: Signaling Radio Bearers 2 (SRB2) and Data Radio Bearers (DRB)

[0125] S227. The base station 200 sends a radio resource control connection reconfiguration (RRCConnectionReconfiguration) message and a registration acceptance message to the UE 100.

[0126] The base station 200 sends an RRCConnectionReconfiguration message to the UE 100. The RRCConnectionReconfiguration message includes the registration acceptance message sent by the AMF and parameters for establishing a radio bearer.

[0127] S228. UE 100 sends a radio resource control connection reconfiguration complete (RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete) message to base station 200.

[0128] After receiving the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message, UE 100 begins establishing SRB2 and DRB. After successful establishment, UE 100 can reply with an RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete message to base station 200. DRB can be used to transmit UE 100 data, such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP) packets.

[0129] S229. The base station 200 sends an initial context setup response (initialcontextsetupresponse) message of NGAP to the AMF 300.

[0130] After receiving the RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete message, the base station 200 can send an initial context setup response message to the AMF300.

[0131] Stage 10: Registration Completed (registercomplete)

[0132] S230 . UE 100 sends a registration complete message to base station 200 .

[0133] S231. The base station 200 sends an NGAP registration completion message to the AMF 300.

[0134] Base station 200 sends the registration completion message of UE100 to AMF300, and UE100 successfully registers with the core network.

[0135] In this way, after the above ten steps, UE100 successfully registers with the core network, and can send service data to AMF300 through base station 200, and can also receive service data from AMF300 through base station 200.

[0136] Phase 11: Protocol Data Unit Session (PDUSession)

[0137] S232 . UE 100 sends a protocol data unit session establishment request (PDUSessionEstablishmentRequest) message to base station 200 .

[0138] Among them, the PDUSessionEstablishmentRequest message is a NAS message.

[0139] S233. The base station 200 sends an NGAP protocol data unit session establishment request message to the AMF300.

[0140] S234.AMF300 sends an NGAP protocol data unit session establishment accept (PDUSessionEstablishmentAccept) message to the base station 200.

[0141] After receiving the protocol data unit session establishment request message from the UE 100 through the base station 200 , the AMF 300 may allocate resources for the PDU session connection to the UE 100 and send a protocol data unit session establishment accept message to the UE 100 through the base station 200 .

[0142] S235 . The base station 200 sends a protocol data unit session establishment accept message to the UE 100 .

[0143] UE100 establishes a PDU session connection with AMF300, and PDU messages can be transmitted through this connection.

[0144] In this way, UE100 successfully registers with the core network of the non-terrestrial network through the above steps S201 to S231. Before accessing the non-terrestrial network, UE100 needs to perform the registration process of the non-terrestrial network core network. When UE100 registers with the non-terrestrial network, it needs to transmit data through the satellite base station. Since the distance between UE100 and the satellite base station is relatively far, in order to avoid the satellite base station being unable to transmit data to UE100, the bandwidth used by the satellite base station for transmitting data is relatively narrow, and the data transmitted per unit time between UE100 and the satellite base station is relatively small. In addition, since the signaling interaction is frequent when UE100 registers with the non-terrestrial network, the channel quality between UE100 and the satellite base station is relatively poor, and more time is needed to transmit data between UE100 and the satellite base station. The power consumption of UE100 in sending or receiving satellite signals is high, and it takes a long time for UE100 to register with the non-terrestrial network.

[0145] An embodiment of the present application provides a registration method. UE100 includes an NTN communication module and a mobile communication module, the mobile communication module is bound to a subscriber identification module (SIM) 1, and the NTN communication module is bound to a SIM2. UE100 can access a terrestrial network through the mobile communication module. UE100 can access a non-terrestrial network through the NTN communication module. The mobile communication module can obtain registration information of the NTN communication module, and the registration information can be used by the NTN communication module to register with the core network of the non-terrestrial network. After the mobile communication module is registered with the core network of the terrestrial network, the mobile communication module can send the registration information of the NTN communication module to the core network of the non-terrestrial network through the core network of the terrestrial network. The NTN communication module can execute the registration process of the core network of the non-terrestrial network through the mobile communication module and the core network of the terrestrial network. The NTN communication module of UE100 can access the core network of the non-terrestrial network after searching for the base station of the NTN.

[0146] In this way, after successfully registering with the core network of the terrestrial network, UE 100 can perform the registration process for the non-terrestrial network in the terrestrial network. When UE 100 searches for the non-terrestrial network, since UE 100 has already performed the registration process for the non-terrestrial network in the terrestrial network, the core network of the non-terrestrial network stores UE 100's registration information. Therefore, UE 100 can access the core network of the non-terrestrial network without performing the registration process in the non-terrestrial network. This reduces the signaling overhead between UE 100 and the core network of the non-terrestrial network, saves the time required for UE 100 to perform the registration process in the non-terrestrial network, and saves power consumption of UE 100.

[0147] It should be noted that the binding of the NTN communication module and mobile communication module of UE100 with the SIM is only an example. The NTN communication module and mobile communication module of UE100 can also be bound to an embedded subscriber identification module (eSIM), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0148] For example, as shown in FIG3 , the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0149] S301. The mobile communication module of UE100 obtains a non-terrestrial network registration request (NTN registration request) message 31 of the NTN communication module of UE100. The registration type of the non-terrestrial network registration request message 31 is initial registration (initial registration).

[0150] Before initiating TN registration, the mobile communication module can obtain registration request information from the NTN communication module. For example, data can be transmitted between the mobile communication module and the NTN communication module via the NAS layer protocol. The mobile communication module can obtain the non-terrestrial network registration request message 31 from the NTN communication module via the NAS layer protocol. This non-terrestrial network registration request message 31 can be used to trigger the NTN-CN to initiate the registration process. If the NTN communication module of UE 100 is not registered with the NTN-CN after power-on, it initiates an initial registration request. For example, this non-terrestrial network registration request message 31 can be represented as NTN registration request (initial registration).

[0151] S302. The mobile communication module registers with the TN-CN through the TN-RAN.

[0152] After powering on, UE 100 can register with the TN-CN. The mobile communication module performs network registration operations with the TN-CN. A detailed description of how the mobile communication module registers with the TN-CN via the TN-RAN can be found in the example of UE 100 registering with the NTN-CN via the NTN-RAN shown in FIG2 , and will not be repeated here. The mobile communication module successfully registers with the TN-CN.

[0153] Optionally, the mobile communication module may obtain the registration request message 31 of the NTN communication module after successfully registering with the TN-CN.

[0154] S303 . The mobile communication module sends a non-access stratum message (NASmessage) 32 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The non-access stratum message 32 includes an N1 interface non-terrestrial network container (N1NTNContainer) 33 , which includes a non-terrestrial network registration request message 31 .

[0155] The N1 interface is a communication interface between the UE 100 and the AMF 300 of the NTN, and the N1NTNContainer can be used to carry data sent by the UE 100 to the AMF 300. For example, the non-access layer message 32 can be expressed as NASmessage(N1 NTN Container(NTNregistrationrequest(initialregistration))).

[0156] S304. TN-CN sends N1NTNContainer33 to NTN-CN.

[0157] The TN-CN can send N1NTNContainer33 to the NTN-CN based on SIM2's NTN subscription information, such as the public land mobile network (PLMN) of SIM2's NTN. Specifically, the TN-CN's AMF can send N1NTNContainer33 to the NTN-CN's AMF300. The TN-CN includes a subscription server that can provide NTN subscription services. SIM2 can obtain the NTN subscription services through the TN-CN's operator. The TN-CN's AMF can obtain SIM2's NTN subscription information from the TN-CN's subscription server.

[0158] S305. NTN-CN obtains the identity of the NTN communication module.

[0159] The NTN-CN's AMF 300 can obtain the identity of the NTN communication module through the TN-CN, TN-RAN, and mobile communication module. Here, the identity of the NTN communication module is the SIM2 identifier, for example, the subscriber concealed identifier (SUCI). The AMF 300 can determine the identity of the NTN communication module based on the SUCI.

[0160] S306. NTN-CN authenticates SIM2 bound to the NTN communication module.

[0161] Authentication signaling can be transmitted between NTN-CN and NTN communication module through TN-CN, TN-RAN and mobile communication module to realize NTN-CN's AMF300 to authenticate SIM2 of UE100.

[0162] S307. NTN-CN notifies the NTN communication module to configure the security mode.

[0163] NTN-CN and NTN communication module can transmit security mode command signaling through TN-CN, TN-RAN and mobile communication module to realize the security mode command operation of NTN-CN's AMF300 on UE100. UE100 and AMF300 can use the agreed encryption algorithm and integrity algorithm to ensure the security of transmitted data.

[0164] Specifically, for the detailed description of steps S305 to S307 , please refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .

[0165] S308. NTN-CN sends N1NTNContainer 35 including the non-terrestrial network registration accept message (NTNregistrationaccept) 34 to TN-CN.

[0166] After UE 100 passes identity authentication, authorization, and security mode configuration, NTN-CN's AMF 300 may send a non-terrestrial network registration accept message 34 to UE 100. Non-terrestrial network registration accept message 34 may indicate that NTN-CN's AMF 300 accepts UE 100's registration request. AMF 300 may add non-terrestrial network registration accept message 34 to N1NTNContainer 35 and then send N1NTNContainer 35 to TN-CN's AMF.

[0167] S309 . TN-CN sends a non-access stratum message 36 to the mobile communication module of UE 100 via TN-RAN. The non-access stratum message 36 includes N1NTNContainer 35 .

[0168] The AMF of the TN-CN can package the N1NTNContainer35 to obtain the non-access layer message 36, and send the non-access layer message 36 to the mobile communication module through the TN-CN.

[0169] S310. The mobile communication module sends the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 34 to the NTN communication module.

[0170] After receiving the non-access stratum message 36 , the mobile communication module may obtain the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 34 from the non-access stratum message 36 and send the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 34 to the NTN communication module.

[0171] S311. UE 100 searches for NTN-RAN.

[0172] The UE 100 searches for the NTN-RAN (eg, the base station 200) based on the PLMN information stored in the NTN communication module. The UE 100 can establish an RRC connection with the base station 200 of the NTN-RAN. For details, see the embodiment shown in FIG2 , which will not be described in detail here.

[0173] It should be noted that before searching for NTN-RAN, UE 100 must perform a satellite alignment operation to align the UE 100's antenna radiation direction with the direction of the satellite transmission link of base station 200. UE 100 can display a satellite alignment prompt to prompt the user to align the UE 100's antenna radiation direction with the direction of the satellite transmission link of base station 200. After successful alignment, UE 100 can receive satellite signals with strong signal quality.

[0174] S312. The NTN communication module of UE 100 sends a registration request message 36 to NTN-CN via NTN-RAN. The registration type of the registration request message 36 is mobility registration (mobility registration update).

[0175] The NTN communication module of UE 100 sends a registration request message 36 of the mobility registration type to the AMF 300 of NTN-CN via the base station 200 of NTN-RAN. For example, the registration request message 36 may be expressed as registration request (mobility registration update). The registration request message 36 includes the identity of the NTN communication module.

[0176] S313. NTN-CN sends a registration acceptance message 37 to the NTN communication module via NTN-RAN.

[0177] After receiving the registration request message 36 sent by UE 100, NTN-CN can determine that the registration context of the NTN communication module of UE 100 is stored based on the identity of the NTN communication module. NTN-CN does not need to perform the authentication process shown in steps S305 to S307. It determines that the registration of UE 100 is successful and sends a registration acceptance message 37 to the NTN communication module of UE 100 through the base station 200 of NTN-RAN.

[0178] In this way, when the UE 100 switches from the TN to the NTN, it does not need to perform the registration process of the UE 100 under the NTN and can access the NTN-CN, which saves registration time, saves air interface resources, and reduces power consumption of the device.

[0179] As shown in FIG4 , steps S305 to S307 in the embodiment shown in FIG3 include the following sub-steps:

[0180] S401. NTN-CN sends an N1NTNContainer 42 including a non-terrestrial network identity request (NTN identity request) message 41 to TN-CN.

[0181] After receiving N1NTNContainer 33 sent by TN-CN, NTN-CN can retrieve non-terrestrial network registration request message 31 from N1NTNContainer 33. After receiving non-terrestrial network registration request message 31, NTN-CN can obtain the identity of UE 100's NTN communication module. Here, NTN-CN can send N1NTNContainer 42 including non-terrestrial network identity request message 41 to TN-CN. For example, N1NTNContainer 42 can be N1NTNcontainer(NTNidentityrequest).

[0182] S402. The TN-CN sends a non-access stratum message 43 including the N1NTNContainer 42 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 via the TN-RAN.

[0183] The TN-CN may encapsulate the N1NTNContainer 42 into a non-access stratum message 43 and send the non-access stratum message 43 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 via the TN-RAN. For example, the non-access stratum message 43 may be a NASmessage (N1NTNcontainer (NTNidentityrequest)).

[0184] S403 . The mobile communication module of UE 100 sends a non-terrestrial network identity request message 41 to the NTN communication module of UE 100 .

[0185] The non-access stratum message 43 includes the identity of the mobile communication module of the UE 100. Based on the identity of the mobile communication module, the UE 100 can determine that the non-access stratum message 43 is a message sent to the UE 100 by the TN-CN. After receiving the non-access stratum message 43 via the mobile communication module, the UE 100 can send the non-terrestrial network identity request message 41 in the non-access stratum message 43 to the NTN communication module.

[0186] S404. The NTN communication module sends a non-terrestrial network identity response (NTN identity response) message 44 to the mobile communication module.

[0187] After receiving the non-terrestrial network identity request message 41 , the NTN communication module may generate a non-terrestrial network identity response message 44 based on the identity of the NTN communication module, and send the non-terrestrial network identity response message 44 to the mobile communication module.

[0188] S405 . The mobile communication module sends a non-access stratum message 45 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The non-access stratum message 45 includes an N1NTNContainer 46 , and the N1NTNContainer 46 includes a non-terrestrial network identity response message 44 .

[0189] The mobile communication module may encapsulate the non-terrestrial network identity response message 44 to obtain a non-access stratum message 45. For example, the non-access stratum message 45 may be a NASmessage (N1NTNContainer (NTNidentityresponse)).

[0190] S406. TN-CN sends N1NTNContainer46 to NTN-CN.

[0191] After receiving the non-access layer message 45 , the TN-CN may send the N1NTNContainer 46 to the NTN-CN, and the NTN-CN may obtain the identity of the NTN communication module of the UE 100 .

[0192] Among them, sub-steps S401 to S406 belong to step S305. The description of sub-steps S401 to S406 can be found in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0193] S407. NTN-CN sends N1NTNContainer 48 including a non-terrestrial network authentication request (NTN authentication request) message 47 to TN-CN.

[0194] After receiving the identity of the NTN communication module, the NTN-CN can authenticate the NTN communication module. The NTN-CN can send an N1NTNContainer 48 including a non-terrestrial network authentication request message 47 to the TN-CN. For example, the N1NTNContainer 48 can be N1NTNcontainer(NTNauthenticationrequest).

[0195] S408. TN-CN sends a NAS message 49 including N1NTNContainer 48 to the mobile communication module of UE 100 via TN-RAN.

[0196] The TN-CN may encapsulate the N1NTNContainer 428 into a non-access stratum message 49 and send the non-access stratum message 49 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 via the TN-RAN. For example, the non-access stratum message 49 may be a NASmessage(N1NTNcontainer(NTNauthenticationrequest)).

[0197] S409 . The mobile communication module of UE 100 sends a non-terrestrial network authentication request message 47 to the NTN communication module of UE 100 .

[0198] Non-access stratum message 49 includes the identity of the mobile communication module of UE 100. Based on the identity of the mobile communication module, UE 100 can determine that non-access stratum message 49 is a message sent to UE 100 by the TN-CN. After receiving non-access stratum message 49 via the mobile communication module, UE 100 can send the non-terrestrial network authentication request message 47 in non-access stratum message 49 to the NTN communication module.

[0199] S410. The NTN communication module sends a non-terrestrial network authentication response (NTN authentication response) message 50 to the mobile communication module.

[0200] After receiving the non-terrestrial network authentication request message 47, the NTN communication module can calculate the authentication parameters of SIM2 and the authentication parameters of the non-terrestrial network authentication request message 47 through an authentication algorithm to obtain an authentication response, and generate a non-terrestrial network authentication response message 50 based on the authentication response, and send the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 50 to the mobile communication module.

[0201] S411. The mobile communication module sends a non-access stratum message 51 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The non-access stratum message 51 includes an N1NTNContainer 52 , and the N1NTNContainer 52 includes a non-terrestrial network authentication response message 50 .

[0202] The mobile communication module may encapsulate the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 50 to obtain a non-access stratum message 51. For example, the non-access stratum message 51 may be a NASmessage (N1NTNContainer (NTNauthenticationresponse)).

[0203] S412. TN-CN sends N1NTNContainer52 to NTN-CN.

[0204] After receiving the non-access stratum message 51, the TN-CN can send the N1NTNContainer 52 to the NTN-CN. The AMF 300 of the NTN-CN can obtain the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 50 of the UE 100 and determine whether the UE 100 is authenticated based on the authentication response of the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 50. Here, the AMF 300 authenticates the UE 100.

[0205] Among them, sub-steps S407 to S412 belong to step S306. The description of sub-steps S407 to S412 can be found in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0206] S413. NTN-CN sends N1NTNContainer 54 including a non-terrestrial network security mode command (NTN security mode command) message 53 to TN-CN.

[0207] After receiving the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 50, the NTN-CN may notify the UE 100 to configure the security mode. Here, the NTN-CN may send an N1NTNContainer 54 including a non-terrestrial network security mode command message 53 to the TN-CN. For example, the N1NTNContainer 54 may be N1NTNcontainer(NTNsecuritymodecommand).

[0208] S414. TN-CN sends a NAS message 55 including N1NTNContainer 54 to the mobile communication module of UE 100 via TN-RAN.

[0209] The TN-CN may encapsulate the N1NTNContainer 54 into a non-access stratum message 55 and send the non-access stratum message 55 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 via the TN-RAN. For example, the non-access stratum message 55 may be a NASmessage(N1NTNcontainer(NTNsecuritymodecommand)).

[0210] S415 . The mobile communication module of UE100 sends a non-terrestrial network security mode command message 53 to the NTN communication module of UE100 .

[0211] The non-access stratum message 55 includes the identity of the mobile communication module of the UE 100. Based on the identity of the mobile communication module, the UE 100 can determine that the non-access stratum message 55 is a message sent by the TN-CN to the UE 100. After receiving the non-access stratum message 55 via the mobile communication module, the UE 100 can send the non-terrestrial network security mode command message 53 in the non-access stratum message 55 to the NTN communication module.

[0212] S416. The NTN communication module sends a non-terrestrial network security mode complete (NTNsecuritymodecomplete) message 56 to the mobile communication module.

[0213] After receiving the non-terrestrial network secure mode command message 53, the NTN communication module can determine the encryption algorithm and integrity algorithm. UE 100 can then process the uplink data sent to NTN-CN using the obtained encryption algorithm and integrity algorithm. The NTN communication module can also generate a non-terrestrial network secure mode completion message 56 after receiving the non-terrestrial network secure mode command message 53 and send the non-terrestrial network secure mode completion message 56 to the mobile communication module.

[0214] S417. The mobile communication module sends a non-access layer message 57 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The non-access layer message 57 includes an N1NTNContainer 58. The N1NTNContainer 58 includes a non-terrestrial network security mode command completion message 56.

[0215] The mobile communication module may encapsulate the non-terrestrial network security mode complete message 56 to obtain a non-access stratum message 57. For example, the non-access stratum message 57 may be NASmessage(N1NTNContainer(NTNsecuritymodecomplete)).

[0216] S418. TN-CN sends N1NTNContainer58 to NTN-CN.

[0217] After receiving the non-access layer message 57, the TN-CN may send the N1NTNContainer 58 to the NTN-CN, and the NTN-CN may determine that the security mode command operation is completed.

[0218] Sub-steps S413 to S418 belong to step S307. The description of sub-steps S413 to S418 can be found in the embodiment shown in FIG2 and will not be repeated here.

[0219] In one possible implementation, the mobile communication module may execute the NTN communication module's non-terrestrial network registration process during the terrestrial network registration process. Specifically, when the mobile communication module sends a terrestrial network registration request message to the TN-CN, it may also send the NTN communication module's non-terrestrial network registration request message to the TN-CN. The TN-CN may also send the NTN communication module's non-terrestrial network registration request message to the NTN-CN. When the TN-CN sends a terrestrial network registration completion message to the mobile communication module, it may also send the NTN-CN's non-terrestrial network registration completion message to the mobile communication module. The mobile communication module may also send the non-terrestrial network registration completion message to the NTN communication module.

[0220] In this way, when the mobile communication module sends signaling to the TN-CN to register with the core network of the terrestrial network, it can also carry signaling for the NTN communication module to register with the core network of the non-terrestrial network, saving signaling overhead. While the mobile communication module is registering with the terrestrial network, the NTN communication module can register with the non-terrestrial network through the mobile communication module and the TN-CN, allowing the NTN-CN to obtain the NTN communication module's registration information. After the UE 100 has searched for a wireless access network device in the non-terrestrial network, the NTN communication module can register with the non-terrestrial network without having to perform the complex identity authentication, authorization, and security mode command process. This saves network registration time and reduces the power consumption of the UE 100 when sending and receiving satellite data.

[0221] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG5 , the registration method includes the following steps:

[0222] S501. The mobile communication module of UE100 obtains a registration request message (registration request) 61 from the NTN communication module of UE100.

[0223] S502 . The mobile communication module sends a registration request message 62 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The registration request message 62 includes the non-terrestrial network registration request message 61 .

[0224] The registration request message 62 is used by the mobile communication module to register with the TN. The non-terrestrial network registration request message 61 is used by the NTN communication module to register with the NTN. The registration type of the non-terrestrial network registration request message 61 is initial registration. For example, the registration request message 61 can be Registration Request (NTN Registration Request (Initial Registration)).

[0225] S503. TN-CN sends the non-terrestrial network registration request message 61 to NTN-CN.

[0226] The TN-CN may send a non-terrestrial network registration request message 61 to the NTN-CN based on SIM2's NTN subscription information, for example, SIM2's NTN PLMN. Specifically, the TN-CN's AMF may send the non-terrestrial network registration request message 61 to the NTN-CN's AMF 300. For a detailed description of step S503, see the description of step S304 in Figure 3 and are not repeated here.

[0227] S504. NTN-CN obtains the identity of the NTN communication module.

[0228] S505. NTN-CN authenticates SIM2 bound to the NTN communication module.

[0229] S506. NTN-CN notifies the NTN communication module to configure the security mode.

[0230] Before the NTN-CN obtains the identity of the NTN communication module, the TN-CN first obtains the identity of the mobile communication module, authenticates SIM1 bound to the mobile communication module, and notifies the mobile communication module to configure the security mode. After the TN-CN determines that the mobile communication module has completed the security mode configuration, the NTN-CN can obtain the identity of the NTN communication module, authenticate SIM2 bound to the NTN communication module, and notify the NTN communication module to configure the security mode through the TN-CN, TN-RAN, and the mobile communication module.

[0231] Specifically, after receiving the non-terrestrial network registration request message 61, the NTN-CN may send a non-terrestrial network identity request message 11 to the TN-CN. The non-terrestrial network identity request message 11 is used by the NTN-CN to obtain the identity of the NTN communication module.

[0232] After receiving the registration request message 62 , the TN-CN may send an identity request message 12 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 through the TN-RAN. The identity request message 12 is used by the TN-CN to obtain the identity of the mobile communication module.

[0233] Afterwards, the TN-CN can receive the identity of the mobile communication module via the TN-RAN. Upon receiving the identity of the mobile communication module, the TN-CN can authenticate the SIM1 bound to the mobile communication module and notify the mobile communication module to configure the security mode. For details, see the embodiment shown in FIG2 , which will not be further described here.

[0234] When the TN-CN determines that the mobile communication module has completed security mode configuration, it can send a non-terrestrial network identity request message 11 to the NTN communication module via the TN-RAN and the mobile communication module. Upon receiving the non-terrestrial network identity request message 11, the NTN communication module can send the NTN communication module's identity to the NTN-CN via the TN-RAN and the TN-CN. Upon receiving the NTN communication module's identity, the NTN-CN can authenticate the SIM2 bound to the NTN communication module and notify the NTN communication module to configure security mode. For details, see the description of steps S305 to S307 in the embodiment shown in FIG. These details will not be repeated here.

[0235] In other examples, the mobile communication module can perform the NTN communication module's identity authentication process for a non-terrestrial network while performing the terrestrial network identity authentication process. The mobile communication module can perform the NTN communication module's authentication process for a non-terrestrial network while performing the terrestrial network authentication process. The mobile communication module can also perform the NTN communication module's security mode configuration process for a non-terrestrial network while performing the terrestrial network security mode configuration process.

[0236] Specifically, the TN-CN may carry the signaling for the NTN-CN to obtain the identity of the NTN communication module during the process of obtaining the identity of the mobile communication module. In this way, the NTN-CN may obtain the identity of the NTN communication module through the TN-CN.

[0237] For example, the NTN-CN can send a non-terrestrial network identity request message 71 to the TN-CN. The non-terrestrial network identity request message 71 is used by the NTN-CN to obtain the identity of the NTN communication module. The TN-CN can add the non-terrestrial network identity request message 71 to an identity request message 72. The identity request message 72 is used by the TN-CN to obtain the identity of the mobile communication module. The TN-CN can send the identity request message 72 to the mobile communication module of UE 100 via the TN-RAN. The mobile communication module of UE 100 can send the non-terrestrial network identity request message 71 to the NTN communication module.

[0238] The NTN communication module can then generate a non-terrestrial network identity response message 73 based on the NTN communication module's identity. The NTN communication module can send the non-terrestrial network identity response message 73 to the mobile communication module. The mobile communication module can add the non-terrestrial network identity response message 73 to an identity response message 74, which also includes the mobile communication module's identity. The mobile communication module can send the identity response message 74 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The TN-CN obtains the mobile communication module's identity and sends the non-terrestrial network identity response message 73 to the NTN-CN. The NTN-CN obtains the identity of the NTN communication module.

[0239] During the authentication process of the mobile communication module, the TN-CN can carry the signaling of the NTN-CN authentication of the NTN communication module. In this way, the NTN-CN can authenticate the NTN communication module through the TN-CN.

[0240] For example, the NTN-CN can send a non-terrestrial network authentication request message 75 to the TN-CN. This non-terrestrial network authentication request message 75 is used by the NTN-CN to authenticate SIM2 of the NTN communication module. The TN-CN can add this non-terrestrial network authentication request message 75 to an authentication request message 76. This authentication request message 76 is used by the TN-CN to authenticate SIM1 of the mobile communication module. The TN-CN can send this authentication request message 76 to the mobile communication module of UE 100 via the TN-RAN. The mobile communication module of UE 100 can send this non-terrestrial network authentication request message 75 to the NTN communication module.

[0241] The NTN communication module may then generate a non-terrestrial network authentication response message 77 based on the non-terrestrial network authentication request message 75. The NTN communication module may send the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 77 to the mobile communication module. The mobile communication module may append the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 77 to an authentication response message 78, which also includes the mobile communication module's authentication response information. The mobile communication module may send the authentication response message 78 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The TN-CN receives the mobile communication module's authentication response and sends the non-terrestrial network authentication response message 77 to the NTN-CN. The NTN-CN receives the NTN communication module's authentication response and, based on the NTN communication module's authentication response, determines whether SIM2 is authenticated successfully. In this case, the NTN-CN authenticates SIM2 successfully.

[0242] During the process of configuring the mobile communication module in security mode, the TN-CN can carry the signaling of the NTN-CN configuring the NTN communication module in security mode. In this way, the NTN-CN can configure the NTN communication module in security mode through the TN-CN.

[0243] For example, the NTN-CN can send a non-terrestrial network security mode command message 79 to the TN-CN. The non-terrestrial network security mode command message 79 is used by the NTN-CN to configure the NTN communication module for security mode. The TN-CN can add the non-terrestrial network security mode command message 79 to a security mode command message 80. The security mode command message 80 is used by the TN-CN to configure the mobile communication module for security mode. The TN-CN can send the security mode command message 80 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 via the TN-RAN. The mobile communication module of the UE 100 can send the non-terrestrial network security mode command message 79 to the NTN communication module.

[0244] The NTN communication module may then generate a non-terrestrial network security mode complete message 81 based on the non-terrestrial network security mode command message 79. The NTN communication module may send the non-terrestrial network security mode complete message 81 to the mobile communication module. The mobile communication module may append the non-terrestrial network security mode complete message 81 to a security mode complete message 82, which also indicates that the SIM card's security mode setup is complete. The mobile communication module may send the security mode complete message 82 to the TN-CN via the TN-RAN. The TN-CN determines that the mobile communication module's security mode setup is complete and sends the non-terrestrial network security mode complete message 81 to the NTN-CN. The NTN-CN determines that the NTN communication module has completed the security mode setup based on the non-terrestrial network security mode complete message 81.

[0245] S507. NTN-CN sends a non-terrestrial network registration accept message 63 to TN-CN.

[0246] After the NTN communication module completes the security mode setting, the NTN-CN may generate a non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 63 to notify the NTN communication module of the UE 100 that the NTN communication module has successfully registered with the NTN-CN. The NTN-CN sends the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 63 to the TN-CN.

[0247] S508 . The TN-CN sends a registration acceptance message 64 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 via the TN-RAN. The registration acceptance message 64 includes the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 63 .

[0248] After receiving the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 63 from the NTN-CN, the TN-CN adds the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 63 to a registration acceptance message 64. The registration acceptance message 64 is used to notify the mobile communication module of the UE 100 that it has successfully registered with the TN-CN. The TN-CN sends the registration acceptance message 64 to the mobile communication module of the UE 100 via the TN-RAN.

[0249] S509 . The mobile communication module sends the non-terrestrial network registration reception message 63 to the NTN communication module.

[0250] After receiving the registration acceptance message 64 from the TN-CN, the mobile communication module may send the non-terrestrial network registration acceptance message 63 carried in the registration acceptance message 64 to the NTN communication module.

[0251] S510. UE 100 searches for NTN-RAN.

[0252] S511. The NTN communication module of UE 100 sends a registration request message 65 to NTN-CN via NTN-RAN. The registration type of the registration request message 65 is mobility registration.

[0253] S512. NTN-CN sends a registration acceptance message 66 to the NTN communication module via NTN-RAN.

[0254] The description of steps S510 to S512 can be found in the embodiment shown in FIG3 , and will not be repeated here. In this way, when UE 100 registers with TN-CN, the signaling for registering with TN-CN can carry the signaling for registering with NTN communication module, thus saving signaling overhead.

[0255] In one possible implementation, UE100 includes SIM3. UE100 can use the communication services of TN through SIM3 and can use the roaming services of NTN. When registering with the TN network, UE100 can send the NTN capability information of SIM3 to TN-CN, and TN-CN can send the equivalent public land mobile network (EPLMN) list of NTNPLMN to UE100. UE100 can search for NTN based on the EPLMN list and send a registration request message to NTN-CN. After receiving the registration request message from UE100, NTN-CN can obtain the registration context of UE100 from TN-CN. Then, NTN-CN can send a registration acceptance message to UE100. In this way, UE100 can roam to access NTN without having to perform the registration process with NTN-CN under NTN, saving the time for UE100 to register with the core network, air interface resources, and power consumption of UE100.

[0256] For example, as shown in FIG6 , the registration method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0257] S601. UE 100 sends a registration request message 91 to TN-CN via TN-RAN. Registration request message 91 includes NTN capability information of SIM3 of UE 100.

[0258] When UE100 sends a registration request message 91 to TN-CN, it can carry the NTN capability information of UE100, and the NTN capability information can be used to indicate that UE100 supports access to NTN-CN. UE100 can send the registration request message 91 to TN-CN through the mobile communication module. Among them, when UE100 starts up and initiates the registration process, the registration type of the registration request message 91 is initial registration. When UE100 switches the tracking area (TA), updates the capabilities and protocol parameters of UE100, or changes the network slice selection assistance information (NSSAI) to initiate the registration process, the registration type of the registration request message 91 is mobility registration. When UE100 initiates the registration process when T3512 times out, the registration type of the registration request message 91 is periodic registration (periodic registration update).

[0259] S602. TN-CN determines and sends an equivalent public land mobile network EPLMN list of the non-terrestrial public land mobile network NTNPLMN to UE 100.

[0260] TN-CN has a roaming agreement with NTN-CN, and TN-CN stores NTN-CN's EPLMN list. After receiving the registration request message 91 sent by UE 100, TN-CN determines that UE 100 has the ability to communicate with NTN and determines to send NTN-CN's EPLMN list to UE 100.

[0261] S603. TN-CN sends a registration accept message 92 to UE 100 via TN-RAN. Registration accept message 92 includes an EPLMN list.

[0262] The TN-CN may add the EPLMN list to a registration acceptance message 92 and send the registration acceptance message 92 to the UE 100 via the TN-RAN. It should be noted that between steps S601 and S603, the UE 100 and the TN-CN also perform steps such as obtaining an identity and performing authentication to register with the network. For a detailed description of the UE 100 registering with the TN-CN, please refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0263] S604. UE 100 searches for NTN-RAN based on EPLMN.

[0264] UE 100 can search for NTN-RAN based on the EPLMN. UE 100 can also establish an RRC connection with the NTN-RAN. For details, see the embodiments shown in Figures 2 and 3, which will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that to ensure that UE 100 can receive high-quality NTN signals, UE 100 can perform a satellite alignment operation before executing step S605.

[0265] S605. UE 100 sends a registration request message 93 to NTN-CN via NTN-RAN. The registration type of the registration request message 93 is mobility registration.

[0266] UE 100 can send a registration request message 93 with a registration type of mobility registration to NTN-CN via NTN-RAN. Registration request message 93 includes the identifier of UE 100, prompting NTN-CN to obtain the registration context of UE 100 from TN-CN. The identifier of UE 100 can be a SIM3 identifier, such as the SUCI of SIM3. For example, registration request message 93 can be "registrationrequest(mobilityregistrationupdate)". Both the mobile communication module and the NTN communication module of UE 100 are bound to SIM3. UE 100 can send registration request message 93 to NTN-RAN via the NTN communication module, and NTN-RAN can send registration request message 93 to NTN-CN.

[0267] S606. NTN-CN obtains the registration context of UE 100 from TN-CN.

[0268] After receiving the registration request message 93, the NTN-CN may obtain the registration context of the UE 100 from the TN-CN. The registration context of the UE 100 may be used for transmitting service data between the NTN-CN and the UE 100.

[0269] The registration context of UE100 may include, but is not limited to, the air interface capability information of UE100, the paging capability information of UE100, the aggregate maximum bit rate (AMBR) of UE100, the authentication information of UE100, the security mode configuration of UE100, and the like. Based on the air interface capability information of UE100, NTN-CN can determine the uplink rate, downlink rate, etc. of UE100 and allocate appropriate air interface resources to UE100. Based on the aggregate maximum bit rate of UE100, NTN-CN can determine the services supported by UE100 and the maximum rate for transmitting service data. NTN-CN can also ensure the integrity and security of data transmitted with UE100 based on the security mode configuration information of UE100. In this way, UE100 does not need to perform authentication, security mode configuration, and other steps during the registration process of NTN-CN, thereby reducing registration time.

[0270] S607. NTN-CN sends a registration accept message 94 to UE 100 via NTN-RAN.

[0271] After obtaining the registration context of UE 100 , NTN-CN may send a registration accept message 94 to UE 100 via NTN-RAN, indicating that UE 100 has successfully registered with NTN-CN.

[0272] In this way, UE 100 can access NTN-CN in a roaming manner without having to perform a registration process under NTN, thus saving air interface resources, device power consumption, and the time spent on performing the registration process.

[0273] In one possible implementation, UE 100 accesses a registration server on the Internet via WLAN. The registration server can communicate with the NTN-CN via signaling for UE 100 registration with the NTN-CN, thereby registering UE 100 with the NTN-CN. After searching for the NTN-RAN, UE 100 can access the NTN-CN. For details, see the embodiments shown in Figures 3 or 5 , which will not be further described here. Because the NTN-CN stores the UE 100's registration context, UE 100 can access the NTN-CN without having to perform NTN registration.

[0274] In one possible implementation, UE 100 includes a mobile communication module that is bound to SIM 4 and SIM 5. After successfully registering with the TN-CN corresponding to SIM 4, UE 100 can execute the process of registering with the TN-CN corresponding to SIM 5 through the TN-CN corresponding to SIM 4. For details, please refer to the embodiment shown in FIG3 , which will not be described in detail here. Alternatively, UE 100 can execute the process of registering with the TN-CN corresponding to SIM 4 while registering with the TN-CN corresponding to SIM 5. For details, please refer to the embodiment shown in FIG5 , which will not be described in detail here. In this way, when UE 100 accesses the TN-CN corresponding to SIM 5, it is not necessary to execute some steps in the registration process, thus saving registration time.

[0275] In one possible implementation, UE 100 includes SIM 6. UE 100 can use TN1's communication services through SIM 6 and can use TN2's roaming services. When registering with the TN1 network, UE 100 can send TN2 capability information of SIM 6 to TN1's CN, and TN1's CN can send TN2's EPLMN list to UE 100. UE 100 can search for TN2 based on the EPLMN list and send a registration request message to TN2's CN. After receiving the registration request message from UE 100, TN2's CN can obtain UE 100's registration context from TN1's CN. Then, TN2's CN can send a registration accept message to UE 100. In this way, UE 100 can roam to access TN2 without having to perform a registration process with TN2's CN under TN2, saving UE 100 time in registering with TN2.

[0276] The electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application is introduced below.

[0277] UE 100 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an artificial intelligence (AI) device, a wearable device, an in-vehicle device, a smart home device, and / or a smart city device. The embodiments of the present application do not impose any particular restrictions on the specific type of the electronic device.

[0278] FIG7 shows a schematic structural diagram of UE 100 .

[0279] UE 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, a sensor module 180, a button 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display 194, and a subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface 195, etc. The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.

[0280] It should be understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on UE 100. In other embodiments of the present application, UE 100 may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or may combine or separate certain components, or may have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0281] The processor 110 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (NPU). The different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0282] The controller can be the nerve center and command center of the UE 100. The controller can generate operation control signals based on instruction operation codes and timing signals to complete the control of instruction fetching and execution.

[0283] Processor 110 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in processor 110 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that have just been used or are being recycled by processor 110. If processor 110 needs to use the same instruction or data again, it can directly access the memory. This avoids duplicate accesses, reduces processor 110 latency, and thus improves system efficiency.

[0284] In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface.

[0285] It is understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention is only for illustrative purposes and does not constitute a structural limitation on UE 100. In other embodiments of the present application, UE 100 may also adopt different interface connection methods from the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.

[0286] The charging management module 140 is configured to receive charging input from a charger. The charger can be either a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 can receive charging input from the wired charger via the USB interface 130. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 can receive wireless charging input via the wireless charging coil of the UE 100. While charging the battery 142, the charging management module 140 can also power the electronic device via the power management module 141.

[0287] The power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140, and the processor 110. The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and / or the charging management module 140, and provides power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the display 194, the camera 193, and the wireless communication module 160. The power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle count, and battery health status (leakage, impedance). In some other embodiments, the power management module 141 can also be set in the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 can also be set in the same device.

[0288] The wireless communication function of UE 100 can be implemented through antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, modem processor and baseband processor.

[0289] Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in UE 100 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antennas can be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

[0290] The mobile communication module 150 can provide solutions for wireless communications including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G applied on UE100. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, and filter, amplify, and process the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modulation and demodulation processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modulation and demodulation processor, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 1. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 can be set in the processor 110. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 can be set in the same device as at least some of the modules of the processor 110.

[0291] The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator is used to modulate the low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a medium-high frequency signal. The demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. After being processed by the baseband processor, the low-frequency baseband signal is passed to the application processor. The application processor outputs a sound signal through an audio device (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.) or displays an image or video through the display screen 194. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be an independent device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110 and be set in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.

[0292] The wireless communication module 160 can provide wireless communication solutions applied on UE100, including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared technology (IR), non-terrestrial network communication modules, etc. The wireless communication module 160 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via antenna 2, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through antenna 2.

[0293] The non-terrestrial network communication module (NTN communication module) can be used to process signals sent by UE 100 to the NTN. The non-terrestrial network communication module can also be used to process signals from the NTN. In this embodiment of the present application, the non-terrestrial network communication module can send messages to the NTN-RAN. The non-terrestrial network communication module can also receive messages from the NTN-RAN.

[0294] In some embodiments, antenna 1 of UE 100 is coupled to mobile communication module 150, and antenna 2 is coupled to wireless communication module 160, so that UE 100 can communicate with a network and other devices via wireless communication technologies. The wireless communication technologies may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and / or IR technology. The GNSS may include a global positioning system (GPS), a global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), a Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), a quasi-zenith satellite system (QZSS) and / or a satellite based augmentation system (SBAS).

[0295] UE 100 implements display functions through a GPU, display screen 194, and an application processor. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing that connects display screen 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or modify display information.

[0296] Display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, and the like. Display screen 194 includes a display panel. The display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a MiniLED, a MicroLED, a Micro-oLed, or a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED). In some embodiments, UE 100 may include one or N display screens 194 , where N is a positive integer greater than one.

[0297] UE 100 can implement a shooting function through an ISP, a camera 193 , a video codec, a GPU, a display 194 , and an application processor.

[0298] The ISP processes data fed back by camera 193. For example, when taking a photo, the shutter is opened, and light is transmitted through the lens to the camera's photosensitive element. The light signal is converted into an electrical signal, which is then passed to the ISP for processing and transformed into a visible image. The ISP can also perform algorithmic optimization on image noise and brightness. It can also optimize parameters such as exposure and color temperature of the captured scene. In some embodiments, the ISP can be located within camera 193.

[0299] The camera 193 is used to capture still images or videos. The object generates an optical image through the lens and projects it onto the photosensitive element. The photosensitive element can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then passes the electrical signal to the ISP for conversion into a digital image signal. The ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing. The DSP converts the digital image signal into an image signal in a standard RGB, YUV, or other format. In some embodiments, the UE 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0300] The digital signal processor is used to process digital signals. In addition to processing digital image signals, it can also process other digital signals. For example, when the UE 100 selects a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the frequency point energy.

[0301] Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video. UE 100 may support one or more video codecs. This allows UE 100 to play or record videos in various encoding formats, such as Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, and MPEG4.

[0302] The NPU is a neural network (NN) computing processor. Drawing on the structure of biological neural networks, such as the transmission patterns between neurons in the human brain, it rapidly processes input information and can continuously self-learn. The NPU enables intelligent cognitive applications such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, and text comprehension in the UE100.

[0303] The external memory interface 120 can be used to connect to an external non-volatile memory to expand the storage capacity of the UE 100. The external non-volatile memory communicates with the processor 110 via the external memory interface 120 to implement data storage. For example, files such as music and videos can be stored in the external non-volatile memory.

[0304] The internal memory 121 can be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions. The processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of UE100 by running the instructions stored in the internal memory 121. The internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area can store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. The data storage area can store data created during the use of UE100 (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.), etc. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc.

[0305] The UE 100 can implement audio functions such as music playback and recording through the audio module 170 , the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the headphone jack 170D, and the application processor.

[0306] Audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signals for output, and also to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. Speaker 170A, also known as a "horn," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. Receiver 170B, also known as a "handset," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. Microphone 170C, also known as a "microphone," is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.

[0307] The pressure sensor 180A senses pressure signals and converts them into electrical signals. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 180A can be located on the display screen 194. The gyroscope sensor 180B can be used to determine the motion posture of the UE 100. The air pressure sensor 180C measures air pressure. The magnetic sensor 180D includes a Hall effect sensor and can be used to detect the opening and closing of the flip case. The acceleration sensor 180E detects the magnitude of acceleration of the UE 100 in various directions (generally three axes). The distance sensor 180F measures distance. The proximity light sensor 180G can also be used for automatic unlocking and locking in the case mode and pocket mode. The ambient light sensor 180L senses ambient light brightness. The fingerprint sensor 180H collects fingerprints. The temperature sensor 180J detects temperature. The touch sensor 180K, also known as the "touch panel," can be located on the display screen 194. The touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, also known as a "touch screen." The touch sensor 180K is used to detect touch operations applied thereto or in the vicinity thereof. The touch sensor can transmit the detected touch operations to the application processor to determine the type of touch event. Visual output related to the touch operations can be provided via the display screen 194. In other embodiments, the touch sensor 180K can also be provided on the surface of the UE 100, at a location different from that of the display screen 194. The bone conduction sensor 180M can obtain vibration signals. The buttons 190 include a power button, a volume button, etc. The motor 191 can generate vibration prompts. The indicator 192 can be an indicator light that can be used to indicate the charging status, power level changes, messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.

[0308] The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect SIM cards, such as SIM1, SIM2, and SIM3. The SIM card can be connected to and separated from the UE 100 by inserting it into the SIM card interface 195 or removing it from the SIM card interface 195. The UE 100 can support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM cards, Micro SIM cards, SIM cards, and the like. Multiple cards can be inserted into the same SIM card interface 195 at the same time. The types of the multiple cards can be the same or different. The SIM card interface 195 can also be compatible with different types of SIM cards. The SIM card interface 195 can also be compatible with external memory cards. The UE 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as calls and data communications. In some embodiments, the UE 100 uses an eSIM, i.e., an embedded SIM card. The eSIM card can be embedded in the UE 100 and cannot be separated from the UE 100.

[0309] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A registration method, characterized in that: Applied to a communication system, the communication system includes a user equipment UE, a core network NTN-CN device of a non-terrestrial network, a radio access network NTN-RAN device of a non-terrestrial network, and a core network TN-CN device of a terrestrial network; the method includes: The UE sends a first registration request message to the TN-CN device, where the first registration request message is used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; The TN-CN device sends the first registration request message to the NTN-CN device; The NTN-CN device sends a first registration acceptance message to the TN-CN device, where the first registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE that registration of the NTN-CN device is successful; The TN-CN device sends the first registration acceptance message to the UE; The UE searches for the NTN-RAN device, and sends a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device, where the second registration request message is used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; The NTN-CN device sends a second registration acceptance message to the UE; The UE receives the second registration acceptance message and registers with the NTN-CN device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The communication system further includes a non-terrestrial network radio access network NTN-RAN device; the sending a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device specifically includes: The UE sends the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device through the NTN-RAN device; The NTN-CN device sends a second registration acceptance message to the UE, specifically including: The NTN-CN sends the second registration accept message to the UE through the NTN-RAN device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: After receiving the first registration request message, the NTN-CN device obtains the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device; After receiving the first SIM card identifier, the NTN-CN device authenticates the first SIM card through the TN-CN device; After successfully authenticating the first SIM card, the NTN-CN device notifies the UE through the TN-CN device to configure a security mode for the first SIM card; The NTN-CN device sends the first registration acceptance message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: After the UE completes the security mode configuration for the first SIM card, the NTN-CN device sends the first registration acceptance message to the TN-CN device.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that After receiving the first registration request message, the NTN-CN device obtains the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device, specifically including: After receiving the first registration message, the NTN-CN device sends a first N1 non-terrestrial network container N1 NTN Container to the TN-CN device, where the first N1 NTN Container includes a first identity request message, where the first identity request message is used to obtain the first SIM card identifier; The TN-CN device sends a first non-access layer NAS message to the UE, where the first NAS message includes the first N1 NTN Container; After receiving the first N1 NTN Container, the UE sends a second NAS message to the TN-CN device, where the second NAS message includes a second N1 TNT Container, the second N1 TNT Container includes a first identity response message, and the first identity response message includes the first SIM card identifier; The TN-CN device sends the second N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: After receiving the first SIM card identifier, the NTN-CN device authenticates the first SIM card through the TN-CN device, specifically including: After receiving the first SIM card identifier, the NTN-CN device sends a third N1 non-terrestrial network container N1 NTN Container to the TN-CN device, where the third N1 NTN Container includes a first authentication request message, where the first authentication request message is used to authenticate the first SIM card; The TN-CN device sends a third NAS message to the UE, where the third NAS message includes the third N1 NTN Container; After receiving the third N1 NTN Container, the UE sends a fourth NAS message to the TN-CN device, where the fourth NAS message includes a fourth N1 TNT Container, the fourth N1 TNT Container includes a first authentication response message, and the first authentication response message includes an authentication response of the UE; The TN-CN device sends the fourth N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: After the NTN-CN device successfully authenticates the first SIM card, the TN-CN device notifies the UE to configure the security mode through the TN-CN device, specifically including: After successfully authenticating the first SIM card, the NTN-CN device sends a fifth N1 non-terrestrial network container N1 NTN Container to the TN-CN device, where the fifth N1 NTN Container includes a first security mode command message, where the first security mode command message is used to notify the UE to perform security mode configuration; The TN-CN device sends a fifth NAS message to the UE, where the fifth NAS message includes the fifth N1 NTN Container; After receiving the fifth N1 NTN Container, the UE sends a sixth NAS message to the TN-CN device, where the sixth NAS message includes a sixth N1 TNT Container, where the sixth N1 TNT Container includes a first security mode completion message, where the first security mode completion message is used to notify the UE that the security mode configuration is completed; The TN-CN device sends the sixth N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE sends a seventh NAS message to the TN-CN device, where the seventh NAS message includes a seventh N1 TNT Container, and the seventh N1 TNT Container includes the first registration request message.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The TN-CN device sends the first registration request message to the NTN-CN device, specifically including: The TN-CN device sends the seventh N1 TNT Container to the NTN-CN device.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The UE includes a mobile communication module; the UE sends a first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE registers with the TN-CN device through the mobile communication module; The UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device through the mobile communication module.

10. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE sends a third registration request message to the TN-CN device, where the third registration request message includes the first registration request message, and the third registration request message is used for the UE to register with the TN-CN device.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that Before acquiring the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device, the method further includes: After receiving the third registration request message, the TN-CN device obtains the second SIM card identifier of the UE; After receiving the second SIM card identifier, the TN-CN device authenticates the second SIM card; After successfully authenticating the second SIM card, the TN-CN device notifies the UE to configure a security mode for the second SIM card; The obtaining the first SIM card identifier of the UE through the TN-CN device specifically includes: The TN-CN device acquires the first SIM card identifier of the UE after the UE completes the security mode configuration of the second SIM card; The TN-CN device sends the first SIM card identifier to the NTN-CN device.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, 10, 11, characterized in that: The TN-CN device sends the first registration acceptance message to the UE, specifically including: The TN-CN device sends a third registration acceptance message to the UE, where the third registration acceptance message includes the first registration acceptance message, and the third registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE to register with the TN-CN device.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The registration type of the first registration request message is initial registration, and the registration type of the second registration request message is mobility registration.

14. A registration method, applied to a user equipment UE, characterized in that: The method comprises: The UE sends a first registration request message to a core network TN-CN device of a terrestrial network, where the first registration request message is used for the UE to register with a core network NTN-CN device of a non-terrestrial network; The UE receives a first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, where the first registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE that registration of the NTN-CN device is successful; The UE searches for a non-terrestrial network radio access network NTN-RAN device, and sends a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device, where the second registration request message is used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; The UE receives the second registration acceptance message and registers with the NTN-CN device.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The sending a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device specifically includes: The UE sends the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device through the NTN-RAN device; The UE receiving the second registration acceptance message specifically includes: The UE receives the second registration accept message sent by the NTN-CN through the NTN-RAN device.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that The UE includes a mobile communication module and a non-terrestrial network NTN communication module; the UE sends a first registration request message to a TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device through the mobile communication module; The UE receives a first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE receives the first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device through the mobile communication module; Sending a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device specifically includes: The UE sends the second registration request message to the NTN-CN device through the NTN communication module; The UE receiving the second registration acceptance message specifically includes: The UE receives the second registration acceptance message through the NTN communication module.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The UE includes an NTN communication module, and the NTN communication module is bound to the first SIM card; Before the UE receives the first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, the method further includes: The UE receives a first identity request message sent by the TN-CN device, where the first identity request message is used to obtain the first SIM card identifier; A first identity response message sent by the UE to the TN-CN device, where the first identity response message includes the first SIM card identifier; The UE receives a first authentication request message sent by the TN-CN device, where the first authentication request message is used to authenticate the first SIM card; A first authentication response message sent by the UE to the TN-CN device, wherein the first authentication response message includes an authentication response of the UE; The UE receives a first security mode command message sent by the TN-CN device, where the first security mode command message notifies the UE to configure a security mode for the first SIM card; The UE sends a first security mode completion message to the TN-CN device, where the first security mode completion message is used to notify the NTN-CN device that the UE completes the security mode configuration of the first SIM card.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that: The UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE sends a first NAS message to the TN-CN device, where the first NAS message includes a first N1 non-terrestrial network container N1 TNT Container, and the first N1 TNT Container includes the first registration request message.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that The UE receives a first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE receives a second NAS message sent by the TN-CN device, where the second NAS message includes a second N1 TNT Container, and the second N1 TNT Container includes the first registration acceptance message.

20. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that Before the UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, the method further includes: The UE is registered with the TN-CN device.

21. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that: The UE sends the first registration request message to the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE sends a third registration request message to the TN-CN device, where the third registration request message includes the first registration request message, and the third registration request message is used for the UE to register with the TN-CN device.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14-17, 21, characterized in that: The UE receives a first registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, specifically including: The UE receives a third registration acceptance message sent by the TN-CN device, where the third registration acceptance message includes the first registration acceptance message, and the third registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE to register with the TN-CN device.

23. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that The registration type of the first registration request message is initial registration, and the registration type of the second registration request message is mobility registration.

24. A registration method, characterized in that: Applicable to a communication system, the communication system includes a user equipment UE, a core network NTN-CN device of a non-terrestrial network, a radio access network NTN-RAN device of a non-terrestrial network, and a core network TN-CN device of a terrestrial network; including: The UE sends a first registration request message to the TN-CN device, where the first registration request message includes capability information indicating that the UE supports NTN communication, and the first registration request message is used for the UE to register with the TN-CN device; The TN-CN device sends a first registration acceptance message to the UE, where the first registration acceptance message includes an equivalent public land mobile network EPLMN of NTN, and the first registration acceptance message is used to notify the UE to register the TN-CN device; The UE searches for the NTN-RAN device based on the EPLMN; The UE sends a second registration request message to the NTN-CN device, where the second registration request message is used for the UE to register with the NTN-CN device; The NTN-CN device obtains the registration context of the UE from the TN-CN device, where the registration context of the UE includes authentication information of the UE, security mode configuration of the UE, air interface capability information of the UE, paging capability information of the UE and aggregate maximum bit rate AMBR of the UE; The NTN-CN device sends a second registration acceptance message to the UE; The UE receives the second registration acceptance message and registers with the NTN-CN device.

25. A user equipment, characterized in that: include: A plurality of processors and one or more memories, wherein the plurality of processors include a mobile communication module and an NTN communication module; The one or more memories are coupled to a plurality of processors, and the one or more memories are used to store a computer executable program. When the one or more processors execute the computer executable program, the terminal executes the method as described in any one of claims 14-23.

26. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is run on a processor of a computer, the method according to any one of claims 14 to 23 is executed.

27. A chip, applied to user equipment, characterized in that: The method comprises a plurality of modules, wherein the plurality of modules comprises a mobile communication module and an NTN communication module, and the plurality of modules are used to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 23.

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