Insulating protective component for high-capacity battery, first cylinder, housing and high-capacity battery

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to an insulating protective component for a high-capacity battery, a first cylinder, a housing and a high-capacity battery, which are used for solving the problems of potential safety hazards arising from electrification of housings and terminals in high-capacity batteries during use. The insulating protective component is used for being arranged on a housing of a high-capacity battery, so as to protect the high-capacity battery. The first cylinder is provided with at least one open end, an inner cavity of the first cylinder being used for accommodating a plurality of battery cells, and the wall surface of the first cylinder being provided with the insulating protective component. The high-capacity battery comprises a housing, a plurality of battery cells arranged in an inner cavity of the housing and arranged in a same direction, and the insulating protective component arranged outside the housing.

Description

Insulation protection component for large-capacity battery, first cylinder, shell and large-capacity battery Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to an insulating protective component for a large-capacity battery, a first cylinder, a shell, and a large-capacity battery. Background Art

[0002] There are differences among the individual cells in existing battery modules, resulting in poor uniformity of the individual cells in the battery module, which in turn directly leads to limited cycle life of the battery module. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of the individual cells in the battery module has become the focus and difficulty of research in this field.

[0003] To address the above-mentioned issues, the related art proposes a large-capacity battery, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The large-capacity battery includes a housing 1 and a plurality of single cells 2; the multiple single cells are placed in parallel within the housing 1. A first channel 24 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 of the large-capacity battery, which is used to connect the electrolyte areas of the single cells within the housing, so that all the single cells are in a shared electrolyte system, thereby improving the uniformity of the single cells. A pole avoidance hole 12 is provided on the top of the housing 1 of the large-capacity battery, corresponding to the poles of each single cell 2, for allowing the poles of the single cell to extend out of the housing 1. The portion of the pole of each single cell 2 of the large-capacity battery extending out of the housing realizes heat exchange between the external temperature control device and each single cell through at least one heat transfer tube 25, thereby achieving temperature control of the large-capacity battery.

[0004] Since the shell 1 or the pole of the large-capacity battery is charged and exposed to the external environment, there is a great safety hazard during use.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the existing large-capacity battery casing and the pole are charged, which may pose a safety hazard during use.

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides an insulating protective component for a large-capacity battery, which is used to be placed on a large-capacity battery casing to protect the large-capacity battery.

[0008] Furthermore, the insulating protective component includes an insulating protective box, which includes a box shell. The box shell is arranged on the top of the outer shell of the large-capacity battery, and the part of each single battery pole extending out of the outer shell is located inside the box shell; both first side walls of the box shell have second channels for extending the heat transfer pipe.

[0009] The use of this box shell can cover the exposed poles, so that the charged poles are insulated from the outside, avoiding the occurrence of unsafe incidents. At the same time, it also prevents some foreign objects from the external environment from falling into the pole position and causing short circuits in large-capacity batteries, thereby greatly improving the safety and reliability of large-capacity batteries during operation.

[0010] Furthermore, when a plurality of large-capacity batteries form a large-capacity battery cluster, in order to facilitate the electrical connector to connect two adjacent large-capacity batteries in series, the two second side walls of the box shell are provided with a third channel for the electrical connector to extend.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to ensure the overall strength of the box shell and the convenience of installation, the box shell includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover plate;

[0012] The lower part of the insulating frame is used to match the top of the shell, and the inner size of the insulating frame is adapted to the outer edge size of the top of the shell. The upper part of the insulating frame is buckled and installed with an insulating cover.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the fixation of the box shell on the outer shell, the above-mentioned insulating frame also includes an insulating bottom plate, which is in contact with the outer surface of the top of the outer shell, and the insulating bottom plate is provided with a pole avoidance channel corresponding to the pole position of each single cell, and the pole avoidance channel extends in the direction of the single cell. The purpose of the design of the pole avoidance channel extending to the single cell is to improve the insulation performance of large-capacity batteries, and it also helps to position the box shell on the top of the outer shell.

[0014] Furthermore, when a fourth channel for explosion venting or gas balance is provided on the top of the large-capacity battery casing, a concave cavity is provided on the insulating bottom plate, and a positioning groove is provided on the outer surface of the concave cavity; the concave cavity is used to avoid the position of the fourth channel, and the positioning groove can also provide a reliable positioning and installation area for the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board used by the large-capacity battery.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to facilitate and reliably install the BMS circuit board on the large-capacity battery, the above-mentioned insulating protection box also includes a protective cover arranged on one side of any one of the first side walls, so that the entire large-capacity battery is more integrated and the structure is more compact.

[0016] Furthermore, the insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery may further include an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly including a main body, a first extension tube, and a second extension tube;

[0017] The main body is used to be fixed to the end of the large-capacity battery housing, and its external dimensions are adapted to the external dimensions of the end;

[0018] The first extension tube is fixedly mounted on the main body and extends away from the large-capacity battery. A positioning hole for inserting a positioning screw is formed on the first extension tube.

[0019] The second extension tube is fixedly arranged on the main body and is coaxial with the first extension tube, and is used to pass through the fifth channel of the large-capacity battery shell, and the second extension tube is an insulating tube.

[0020] The end cover assembly is arranged at the end of the large-capacity battery shell. The metal support rod cooperates with the first extension tube and the second extension tube made of insulating material that extends into the fifth channel, thereby achieving insulation between the metal support rod and the shell, reducing the steps of providing an insulating sleeve or applying an insulating layer on the metal support rod, and improving the efficiency of large-capacity battery assembly. A positioning hole is provided on the first extension tube. When in use, the positioning screw and the positioning hole cooperate to achieve positioning of the metal support rod, preventing the metal support rod from moving in the fifth channel, and improving the safety of the large-capacity battery during transportation and installation on the battery rack.

[0021] Furthermore, in order to reduce the weight of the end cover assembly, the main board body includes a panel and a hollow structure arranged in the panel.

[0022] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the large-capacity battery has better strength when being transported by the support rod or fixed to the battery rack by the metal support rod, at least one reinforcing rib is provided between the wall of the first extension tube and the panel.

[0023] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the processing and manufacturing of the end cover assembly, the above-mentioned panel, hollow structure, reinforcing ribs, first extension tube and second extension tube are an integral part made of insulating material.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to improve the integration of large-capacity batteries, the BMS circuit board that manages each single cell in the large-capacity battery can be safely and reliably installed and integrated on the large-capacity battery. The above-mentioned main board body includes a base plate and a panel; the base plate is used to be fixedly connected to the end of the large-capacity battery shell, and the panel is fixed to the base plate, and a first cavity for placing the BMS circuit board is formed between the base plate and the panel, and a through hole for extending the hot-swappable connector is opened on the panel.

[0025] Furthermore, in order to protect the heat exchange tubes of the large-capacity battery, two sixth channels for the heat exchange tubes on the large-capacity battery to pass through are formed between the above-mentioned bottom plate and the panel, and the two sixth channels are arranged on both sides of the first cavity and remain isolated from the first cavity.

[0026] Furthermore, in order to further improve the integration of large-capacity batteries, a second cavity for placing a balancing power supply is formed between the bottom plate and the panel, and ventilation holes are provided on the side walls of the second cavity.

[0027] In order to facilitate the processing and manufacturing of the end cover assembly, the first extension tube and the second extension tube are both integrally formed on the bottom plate.

[0028] Furthermore, at least one reinforcing rib is integrally formed between the tube wall of the first extension tube and the panel.

[0029] Furthermore, the insulating protective member for the large-capacity battery includes an insulating protective cover, which includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover; the lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery shell to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the top of the shell; the upper end of the insulating frame is buckled and mounted with the insulating cover;

[0030] The length direction of the insulating frame is defined as the x direction, the width direction is defined as the y direction, and the height direction is defined as the z direction. A notch is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame parallel to the xz plane. The notch cooperates with the insulating cover to form a slit, through which the large-capacity battery is electrically connected to the external device.

[0031] The insulating frame of the insulating protective cover is used as a glue injection mold, eliminating the need for demolding after injection. This also improves the bonding strength between the insulating frame and the top of the large-capacity battery. Furthermore, the insulating protective cover provides insulation protection for the pole adapter, avoiding potential safety hazards of exposed pole adapters during operation. It also prevents foreign matter from falling into the pole adapter, potentially causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0032] Furthermore, the insulating frame includes a first insulating frame, and rubber baffles are respectively provided on the two long frames of the first insulating frame along the x direction. The rubber baffles are parallel to the xz plane, and in the y direction, there is a third gap between the rubber baffles and the outer side surfaces of the adjacent pole adapters.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to improve the strength of the rubber baffle, reinforcing ribs are provided on the rubber baffle.

[0034] Furthermore, when the large-capacity battery is provided with a gas chamber on the top plate of the shell, the above-mentioned insulating frame further includes a first chamber serving as a gas chamber accommodating chamber, that is, the gas chamber is located in the first chamber.

[0035] Furthermore, the above-mentioned insulating frame includes a second insulating frame and an insulating base plate fixed on the second insulating frame away from the insulating cover plate, and an electrical connection column avoidance hole corresponding to each pole adapter is opened on the insulating base plate. The aperture of the electrical connection column avoidance hole is larger than the outer contour size of the electrical connection column on the pole adapter and smaller than the outer contour size of the pole adapter.

[0036] Furthermore, on the above-mentioned insulating bottom plate, partitions are provided around each electrical connection column avoidance hole to form a pole adapter accommodating cavity; a fourth gap is provided between the side wall of the pole adapter accommodating cavity parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter parallel to the xz plane.

[0037] Furthermore, the outer edge of the electrical connection post avoidance hole is provided with a protrusion along its circumference, which serves as an annular retaining rubber ring to prevent the insulating sealing glue from flowing into the space between the sealing connector and the pole adapter and the single battery pole.

[0038] Furthermore, when the large-capacity battery is provided with a gas chamber on the top plate of the housing, a second chamber is further provided on the insulating bottom plate as a gas chamber accommodating chamber, that is, the gas chamber is located in the second chamber.

[0039] Furthermore, a channel for the liquid cooling pipe to extend out is provided on a side wall of the insulating frame that is parallel to the yz plane.

[0040] Furthermore, the insulating protective component is an insulating layer provided on the wall surface of the shell.

[0041] Furthermore, the insulating layer is a porcelain enamel insulating layer. This porcelain enamel insulating layer has excellent insulation performance and can reliably achieve insulation between the single cell and the outer shell when the large-capacity battery is in operation. At the same time, the porcelain enamel insulating layer is also wear-resistant and is not easy to fall off or be damaged during assembly, transportation, and use, thereby ensuring high insulation reliability between the outer shell and the single cell.

[0042] Furthermore, the thickness of the enamel insulation layer is 100 μm to 300 μm. Under this thickness, while ensuring the insulation performance, the shell also has better heat conduction performance.

[0043] The second aspect of the present invention also provides a first cylinder for a large-capacity battery, having at least one open end, the inner cavity of the first cylinder being used to accommodate n single cells, wherein n is an integer greater than 1; and an insulating protective component is provided on the wall of the first cylinder.

[0044] Furthermore, the insulating protective member is an insulating layer, preferably a porcelain enamel insulating layer. This porcelain enamel insulating layer has excellent insulating properties and can reliably insulate the single cells from the first barrel when the high-capacity battery is in operation. Furthermore, this porcelain enamel insulating layer is also wear-resistant and is not easily detached or damaged during assembly, transportation, and use, thereby ensuring high insulation reliability between the first barrel and the single cells. Preferably, the porcelain enamel insulating layer has a thickness of 100 to 300 μm. At this thickness, while ensuring insulation performance, it also provides the first barrel with good thermal conductivity.

[0045] Furthermore, the first cylinder has two open ends, located at the left and right ends of the first cylinder; and pole avoidance holes are provided on the top plate of the first cylinder corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery.

[0046] Furthermore, the first cylinder bottom plate has a protrusion in a direction away from the first cylinder top plate to form an electrolyte sharing chamber; the first cylinder top plate has a protrusion in a direction away from the first cylinder bottom plate to form a gas chamber.

[0047] A third aspect of the present invention provides a casing for a large-capacity battery, wherein an insulating protective member is provided on the outside of the casing.

[0048] Furthermore, the housing includes a cover plate and the first cylinder for large-capacity batteries, wherein the cover plate covers the open end of the first cylinder for large-capacity batteries; and an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the cover plate.

[0049] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a large-capacity battery, comprising a housing, a plurality of single cells arranged in the same direction in an inner cavity of the housing, and an insulating protective member disposed outside the housing.

[0050] Furthermore, the shell is the shell for the above-mentioned large-capacity battery; a shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all single cells; a pole avoidance hole is opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; the polarity terminal of each single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell.

[0051] Furthermore, it also includes a heat transfer tube. A clamping portion is provided at the position where each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the heat transfer tube is fixed on the clamping portion of each single battery polarity terminal.

[0052] Furthermore, the heat transfer tube is a metal tube with an enamel insulation layer on its wall. The enamel insulation layer provided on the outer wall of the metal tube has excellent wear resistance and insulation properties, making it difficult to fall off or be damaged during transportation, installation, and use. When the large-capacity battery is in operation, it can reliably insulate the heat transfer tube from the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the reliability of the large-capacity battery during operation.

[0053] Furthermore, the heat transfer tube is a U-shaped tube segment, comprising a first tube and a second tube that are parallel to each other, and a connecting tube connecting the first and second tubes. The first tube is fixed to the clamping portion of all the single cell polarity terminals on one side, and the second tube is fixed to the clamping portion of all the single cell polarity terminals on the other side. The outer tube walls of the first and second tubes are provided with an enamel insulation layer. The heat transfer tube comprises a spliced ​​piping structure consisting of the first tube, the second tube, and the connecting tube, which is easy to install. Furthermore, the connecting tube in this spliced ​​piping can be an insulated tube, further enhancing the insulation performance of the heat transfer tube.

[0054] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery also includes a heat transfer tube and an insulating protective box; a first channel is provided at the bottom of the shell; the pole of each single cell extends out of the top of the shell, and an electrical connector and a heat transfer tube are installed on the pole of each single cell on the same side; the insulating protective box includes a box shell, which is provided at the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery, and the portion of each single cell pole extending out of the shell is located within the box shell; a second channel for extending the heat transfer tube is provided on both first side walls of the box shell, and a third channel for extending the electrical connector is provided on both second side walls of the box shell; the heat transfer tube extends through the second channel.

[0055] A box shell is set on the top of the large-capacity battery shell to provide insulation and protection for the pole part, ensuring the reliability and safety of the large-capacity battery during use. A second channel is opened on the box shell to facilitate the extension of the heat transfer pipe to the external environment, and together with the external temperature control device, complete the temperature control of the large-capacity battery; at the same time, the third channel facilitates the extension of electrical connectors, allowing multiple large-capacity batteries to form a large-capacity battery cluster.

[0056] Furthermore, in order to simplify the wiring harness for collecting electrical signals in large-capacity batteries and save space, an electrical signal collection and transmission board for collecting and transmitting signals from each single battery is provided in the above-mentioned insulating protective cavity.

[0057] Furthermore, the above-mentioned large-capacity battery also includes a BMS circuit board; a protective cover is installed on one side of any one first side wall of the box shell; the BMS circuit board is installed in the protective cover and is electrically connected to the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board.

[0058] Furthermore, the above-mentioned box shell includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover; an insulating bottom plate is arranged below the insulating frame, and the internal dimensions of the insulating frame are adapted to the outer edge dimensions of the top of the shell, and the insulating cover plate is buckled and installed on the top of the insulating frame; the insulating bottom plate is in contact with the top of the shell, and a pole avoidance channel is opened on the insulating bottom plate corresponding to the pole position of each single cell, and the pole avoidance channel extends toward the direction of the single cell.

[0059] Furthermore, a fourth channel is provided on the top of the housing, a cavity for avoiding the fourth channel is provided on the insulating bottom plate, and the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board is provided on the cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the first structural form of a large-capacity battery;

[0061] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 1 and Example 2;

[0062] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box shell when it is type three;

[0063] FIG4 is a structural diagram 1 of an insulating frame and an insulating base plate as an integral part;

[0064] FIG5 is a second structural diagram of the insulating frame and the insulating base plate as an integral part;

[0065] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the large-capacity battery of Example 1 and Example 2 without the insulating protective box;

[0066] FIG7 is a second schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery in Examples 1 and 2;

[0067] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical connector;

[0068] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the large-capacity battery in Example 1 and Example 2 with the insulating cover removed;

[0069] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery proposed in the related art;

[0070] FIG11 is a schematic diagram 1 of the end cap assembly in Example 3;

[0071] FIG12 is a second schematic diagram of the end cap assembly in Example 3;

[0072] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the end cap assembly in Example 4;

[0073] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a panel in Example 4;

[0074] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate in Example 4;

[0075] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0076] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0077] FIG18 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0078] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery;

[0079] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole adapter;

[0080] FIG21 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery;

[0081] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another large-capacity battery;

[0082] FIG23 is a schematic structural diagram of another pole adapter;

[0083] FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery according to Embodiments 6 and 7;

[0084] FIG25 is a partial exploded view of a large-capacity battery according to Embodiments 6 and 7;

[0085] FIG26 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating frame in Example 6;

[0086] FIG27 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 6;

[0087] FIG28 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 6;

[0088] FIG29 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 6;

[0089] FIG30 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating frame in Example 7;

[0090] FIG31 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0091] FIG32 is a partial cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0092] FIG33 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0093] Figure 34 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cylinder in Example 8;

[0094] FIG35 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0095] FIG36 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0096] FIG37 is a schematic structural diagram of a support member in Example 8;

[0097] FIG38 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of providing support ribs on the top plate of the housing to form a liquid channel in Example 8;

[0098] Figure 39 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cylinder in Example 9;

[0099] FIG40 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 9 (with one first end plate removed);

[0100] Figure 41 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cylinder in Example 10;

[0101] FIG42 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 10;

[0102] FIG43 is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion of a large-capacity battery in Example 10;

[0103] Figure 44 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cylinder in Example 11;

[0104] FIG45 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a large-capacity battery in Example 11;

[0105] FIG46 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 12;

[0106] Figure 47 is a schematic structural diagram of the large-capacity battery in Example 13.

[0107] The accompanying drawings are denoted as follows:

[0108] 1. Housing; 2. Cell; 12. Pole avoidance hole; 24. First channel; 25. Heat transfer tube; 26. Case; 27. Second channel; 104. Insulation frame; 105. Insulation cover; 108. Insulation bottom plate; 211. Pole avoidance channel; 13. Sealing connector; 213. Third channel; 214. Fourth channel; 215. Concave cavity; 216. Positioning groove; 217. Protective cover; 218. First cover; 219. Second cover; 220. Cylinder; 221. End plate; 222. Electrical connector; 223. Intermediate transition zone; 224. Conductive zone; 225. Electrical signal acquisition and transmission board;

[0109] 44. Fifth channel; 45. Metal support rod; 46. Insulation sleeve; 47. End cap assembly; 48. Main body; 49. First extension tube; 410. Second extension tube; 411. Positioning hole; 412. Panel; 413. Hollow structure; 414. Screw mounting hole; 415. Reinforcement rib; 416. Bottom plate; 417. First cavity; 418. Through hole; 419. Sixth channel; 420. Second cavity; 421. Ventilation hole; 422. Avoidance hole;

[0110] 11. Housing top plate; 14. Liquid cooling tube; 131. First surface of sealing connector; 21. Single cell pole; 3. Pole adapter; 31. Electrical connection post; 32. Clamping portion; 33. Outer side of pole adapter; 35. Bottom surface of pole adapter; 36. Top surface of pole adapter; 4. Electrolyte shared chamber; 9. Gas chamber; 10. Insulating protective cover; 102. Slit; 1041. Long frame; 1 043, rubber baffle; 1044, reinforcing rib; 106, baffle; 107, second insulating frame; 1081, electrical connection post avoidance hole; 1082, partition; 109, pole adapter accommodating chamber; 110, annular rubber baffle; 111, annular groove; 112, first chamber; 113, second chamber; a, first gap; b, second gap; c, third gap; d, fourth gap; f, hollow area;

[0111] 51. First cylinder; 511. Top plate of first cylinder; 512. Bottom plate of first cylinder; 531. Polarity terminal; 55. First end plate; 56. Support member; 561. First supporting rib; 562. Second supporting rib; 58. Support rib; 510. Partition; 513. Upper cover; 514. Lower cover; 151. First tube; 152. Second tube; 153. Connecting tube; 516. Liquid cooling plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0112] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0113] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0114] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," and so on, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and so on, are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0115] There are differences among the individual cells in existing battery modules, resulting in poor uniformity of the individual cells in the battery module, which in turn directly leads to limited cycle life of the battery module. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of the individual cells in the battery module has become the focus and difficulty of research in this field.

[0116] To address the aforementioned issues, a related art proposes a large-capacity battery, as shown in Figure 1. The large-capacity battery includes a housing 1 and multiple single cells 2, which are placed in parallel within the housing 1. A first channel 24 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 to connect the electrolyte areas of the individual cells within the housing. This allows all cells to be exposed to a shared electrolyte system, improving the uniformity of the individual cells.

[0117] The top of the shell 1 of the large-capacity battery is provided with a pole avoidance hole 12 corresponding to the pole of each single cell 2, which allows the pole of the single cell 2 to extend out of the shell 1; the portion of the pole of each single cell 2 of the large-capacity battery extending out of the shell realizes heat exchange between the external temperature control device and each single cell through at least one heat transfer tube 25, thereby realizing temperature control of the large-capacity battery.

[0118] Since the poles of each single cell in the large-capacity battery are exposed to the external environment, there is a great safety hazard during use due to the charged poles.

[0119] In order to solve the problem that the poles of each single cell in existing large-capacity batteries are exposed to the external environment and may pose a safety hazard during use due to the charged poles, Examples 1 and 2 provide an insulating protection box and a corresponding large-capacity battery.

[0120] The basic design ideas of Example 1 and Example 2 are:

[0121] By setting an insulating protective box on the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery, the part of the pole extending out of the shell is protected by the insulating protective box, and at the same time, it is insulated from the external environment, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the large-capacity battery during operation.

[0122] Example 1

[0123] As shown in FIG2 , this embodiment provides an insulating protective box including a box shell 26 . The box shell 26 is disposed on top of the outer shell 1 of the large-capacity battery, and the portion of each single battery pole extending out of the outer shell is located within the box shell 26 . The two first side walls of the box shell 26 are each provided with a second channel 27 for extending the heat transfer pipe.

[0124] For ease of understanding: the first side wall is defined as a side wall parallel to the xz plane in FIG. 2 , and the second side wall is defined as a side wall parallel to the yz plane in FIG. 2 .

[0125] Among them, the box shell 26 can take the following forms:

[0126] Form 1: The box shell 26 is open at one end and closed at the other end. The open end is buckled onto the top of the outer shell 1 and fixed to the top of the outer shell 1 by screw connection or bonding. The second channel 27 is a notch set on the first side wall of the box shell 26, and the opening direction of the notch is consistent with the opening direction of the open end of the box shell 26.

[0127] Form 2: Referring to Figure 3, the box shell 26 includes an insulating frame 104 and an insulating cover 105; the bottom of the insulating frame 104 is used to cooperate with the top of the outer shell 1, and the internal dimensions of the insulating frame 104 are adapted to the outer edge dimensions of the top of the outer shell 1 (the internal dimensions of the insulating frame 104 are slightly larger than the outer edge dimensions of the top of the outer shell 1), and the insulating cover 105 is snap-fitted and installed on the top of the insulating frame 104. The insulating frame 104 is fixed to the top of the outer shell by screw connection or bonding, wherein the second channel 27 is a notch set on the first side wall of the insulating frame.

[0128] Form 3: As shown in Figures 3 to 5, Form 3 is similar in structure to Form 2, except that an insulating base plate 108 is provided on the insulating frame 104, and the second channel 27 is a circular hole with a diameter slightly larger than the heat transfer tube formed by the upper and lower cooperation of the insulating frame 104 and the insulating cover plate 105. Compared with setting a notch as the second channel, the circular hole as the second channel 27 has a stronger sealing performance and a more beautiful appearance. The insulating base plate 108 is in direct contact with the top outer surface of the outer shell, and a pole avoidance channel 211 is provided on it. The provision of the insulating base plate 108 not only makes it easier to install and position the box shell 26 on the top of the outer shell 1, but also increases the rigidity of the insulating frame 104, making the insulating frame 104 less likely to deform and more convenient to install. Therefore, the box shell 26 structure of Form 3 is selected in this embodiment.

[0129] In addition, in order to solve the problem of cold welding or failure to weld the two during laser welding due to the large gap between the large-capacity battery casing and the upper cover of each single battery caused by processing errors and assembly errors.

[0130] As shown in Figure 1, existing large-capacity batteries use a sealing connector 13 to solve this problem. Specifically, the bottom of the sealing connector 13 is used to weld and seal with the first area of ​​the single cell, and the top of the sealing connector 13 is welded and sealed with the second area of ​​the outer shell 1. The first area is the area surrounding any pole in the upper cover of any single cell; the second area is the area corresponding to any pole avoidance hole 12 on the outer shell 1. The area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 12 is the area on the outer surface of the outer shell surrounding any corresponding pole avoidance hole; or the area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 12 is the wall of the pole avoidance hole 12.

[0131] The sealing connector 13 is generally a thin-walled, tubular structure with a horizontal cross-section that can be rectangular or circular. To better fit the terminal avoidance hole and the terminal shape, the sealing connector is typically annular in cross-section. To ensure insulation between the sealing connector 13 and the terminal, existing large-capacity batteries use either an infusion of insulating adhesive or an additional insulating sleeve.

[0132] However, the existing large-capacity battery adopts the method of injecting insulating glue or setting an insulating sleeve to maintain the insulation between the sealing connector 13 and the pole, which has the problem of cumbersome assembly. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the pole avoidance channel 211 can extend in the direction of the single battery, thereby achieving insulation of the pole and the sealing connector 13. That is to say, the insulation setting of the pole and the sealing connector 13 is completed at the same time as the insulating protection box is installed. Compared with the existing method, the assembly process is simpler.

[0133] In order to facilitate the processing of parts, the above insulating frame 104 and insulating bottom plate 108 are formed in an integrated manner, and the insulating frame 104, insulating cover 105, and insulating bottom plate 108 are all made of plastic material with high insulation performance.

[0134] In this embodiment, the insulating protection box can also be designed with the following optimized structure:

[0135] 1. As shown in FIG3 , in order to facilitate the use of an insulating protective box to connect multiple large-capacity batteries in series to form a large-capacity battery cluster, in this embodiment, a third channel 213 is provided on the second side wall of the box shell 26 for the electrical connector to extend out of the box shell. The third channel 213 is constructed in the same manner as the second channel 27 and will not be repeated here.

[0136] 2. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, in order to be suitable for use with large-capacity batteries having a fourth channel 214 on the top of the housing 1, in this embodiment, a cavity 215 for avoiding the fourth channel is provided on the insulating bottom plate 108. The cavity 215 is provided on the insulating bottom plate 108 in an integrally formed manner, and a positioning groove 216 for mounting an electrical signal acquisition and transmission board is also provided on the outer surface of the cavity 215 (see Figure 4).

[0137] 3. As shown in FIG7 , in order to facilitate and reliably install the BMS circuit board on the large-capacity battery and make the large-capacity battery more integrated, the insulating protective box in this embodiment also includes a protective cover 217 arranged on one side of any first side wall of the box shell 26. The protective cover 217 provides a space for installing the BMS circuit board, and the wiring terminals for connecting the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board and the BMS circuit board can also be located inside the protective cover 217. Specifically, in order to facilitate the processing and installation of the protective cover, a part of the protective cover 217 in this embodiment is a first cover body 218 integrally formed on the insulating frame 104, and a second cover body 219 fixed to the side wall of the outer shell 1. The first cover body 218 and the second cover body 219 are fixedly spliced ​​to form a protective cover. The first cover body 218 is mainly used to protect the wiring terminals of the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board and the BMS circuit board, and the second cover body 219 is mainly used to protect the BMS circuit board.

[0138] Example 2

[0139] This embodiment provides a large-capacity battery, as shown in Figures 7 to 9. The large-capacity battery includes a housing 1, N single cells 2, 2N sealing connectors 13, a heat transfer tube 25, an electrical connector, and the insulating protection box described in Example 1, where N is greater than or equal to 2 (in this embodiment, N is 10). The 10 single cells 2 are arranged in parallel and are integrally disposed within the housing 1.

[0140] The portion of the terminal of each single battery 2 extending out of the housing 1 transfers the heat of each single battery 2 to the external temperature control device through at least one heat transfer pipe 25 to cool the single battery 2, or transfers the heat of the external temperature control device to each single battery 2 through the heat transfer pipe 25 to heat the single battery;

[0141] The bottom of the housing 1 is provided with a first channel 24 communicating with the electrolyte area of ​​each single battery 2 .

[0142] The following is a detailed description of the structure, function, and connection relationship between the various components of the large-capacity battery in this embodiment:

[0143] 1. Shell

[0144] In this embodiment, the structure of the housing 1 must ensure that it remains sealed from the external environment after forming a shared electrolyte system. The following structural forms can be adopted:

[0145] The first type is that the shell 1 includes a cylinder, an upper cover and a lower cover; the lower cover is provided with a first channel, and the upper cover is provided with a plurality of pole avoidance holes for the poles to extend; the upper cover and the lower cover are both welded to the cylinder.

[0146] The second type, the shell 1 includes a U-shaped shell, an upper cover, a front cover and a rear cover; the U-shaped shell is formed by welding, stamping, etc., a first channel is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped shell, and a plurality of pole avoidance holes for extending the poles are provided on the upper cover; the upper cover, the front cover and the rear cover are all welded and fixed to the U-shaped shell.

[0147] The third type, as shown in Figures 7 and 9, the shell 1 includes a cylinder 220 and two end plates 221 (a front end plate and a rear end plate); the two end plates 221 are fixed and sealed at both ends of the cylinder 220 by welding; a first channel 24 is integrally formed at the bottom of the cylinder 220; and a plurality of pole avoidance holes 12 for the poles to extend are provided at the top of the cylinder 220.

[0148] In addition, in this embodiment, a fourth channel 214 may be provided on the top of the housing 1. The fourth channel 214 may be used to communicate with the gas area of ​​each single cell, so that each single cell is in a gas-balanced system.

[0149] Alternatively, the fourth channel 214 covers the explosion-proof membrane of the upper cover of the single battery 2. When the single battery has thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke breaks through the explosion-proof membrane and can be discharged through the fourth channel 214.

[0150] 2. Single Cell

[0151] The single cell 2 is similar to a commercially available aluminum square-shell lithium-ion battery, comprising a battery housing, a terminal, and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly is located within the battery housing, the terminal is located at the top of the battery housing and is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the battery housing has an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0152] The top and / or bottom of the battery housing are provided with a sealing membrane; the sealing membrane provided on the top of the battery housing has two different forms:

[0153] The sealing membrane can be opened by the action of electrolyte or external force, forming an opening at the top of the battery housing. This allows for communication between the gas zones of individual cells through a fourth channel when constructing a high-capacity battery. The form of this sealing membrane can be found in patent CN218525645U. Alternatively, it can be a conventional explosion venting membrane, used to discharge thermal runaway fumes through the fourth channel in the event of thermal runaway.

[0154] The sealing membrane at the bottom of the battery case has only one form: it can be opened by the action of electrolyte or external force, thereby allowing the electrolyte areas of each single cell to communicate through the first channel when assembling a large-capacity battery. The form of this sealing mechanism can be found in patent CN218525645U.

[0155] 3. Sealing connectors

[0156] Referring to Figure 6, since the pole of the single cell 2 needs to extend out of the top of the outer shell 1, this embodiment uses a sealing connector 13 to ensure the sealing of the outer shell. Specifically, the bottom of the sealing connector 13 is welded to the upper cover plate of the single cell 2, and the top of the sealing connector 13 is welded to the outer shell 1; the pole of the single cell 2 extends out of the sealing connector 13, and insulation needs to be maintained between the pole and the sealing connector 13.

[0157] In this embodiment, a pole avoidance channel 211 extending toward the upper cover plate of the single cell 2 is provided on the insulating bottom plate 108 of the box shell. The pole avoidance channel 211 can be used as an insulating part between the sealing connector 13 and the pole. The pole avoidance channel 211 replaces the existing large-capacity battery method of using injection of insulating glue or setting an insulating sleeve to ensure insulation between the sealing connector 13 and the pole, saving the process of manufacturing large-capacity batteries.

[0158] 4. Heat transfer tube

[0159] The heat transfer tube 25 can be a core heat pipe or an aluminum tube filled with a heat exchange medium. When using an aluminum tube filled with a heat exchange medium, in order to avoid the problem of heat exchange medium leakage affecting large-capacity batteries, the heat exchange medium can be a liquid medium such as insulating oil.

[0160] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 25 and the pole are fixed via a clamping groove provided on the pole, which facilitates installation and disassembly.

[0161] 5. Electrical connectors

[0162] There are two electrical connectors 222, which are connected to the poles on the same side of each single cell, respectively, to achieve parallel connection of each single cell; when multiple large-capacity batteries form a large-capacity battery cluster, the electrical connector 222 can also be used to achieve series connection of the large-capacity batteries. In this embodiment, the structure of the electrical connector 222 is shown in Figure 8. The integral form of the electrical connector 222 is formed by stamping a thin plate, and can also be formed by stacking multiple thin plates. The preferred material can be an aluminum metal plate, specifically including a middle transition area 223 and conductive areas 224 arranged on both sides of the middle transition area 223; the conductive area 224 on one side is used to connect to the positive poles of all single cells on a large-capacity battery, and correspondingly, the conductive area 224 on the other side is used to connect to the negative poles of all single cells on another large-capacity battery.

[0163] In order to ensure that when large capacity batteries are connected in series, the conductive area of ​​the electrical connector will be partially exposed to the external environment, which may cause a short circuit. Therefore, in this embodiment, the exposed part of the conductive area can be covered with an insulating film.

[0164] 6. Electrical signal acquisition and transmission structure and BMS circuit board

[0165] As shown in FIG9 , in addition, the large-capacity battery of this embodiment is further provided with an electrical signal acquisition and transmission board 225 for receiving temperature, pressure and other signals of each single battery 2. In order to reasonably utilize the large-capacity battery space, in this embodiment, the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board 225 is directly mounted on the outer surface of the cavity 215 of the insulating base plate 108.

[0166] In this embodiment, the large-capacity battery is equipped with a BMS circuit board, which is placed in the protective cover 217, and the connection terminals connecting the BMS circuit board and the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board are also located in the protective cover, making the electrical transmission of the large-capacity battery more reliable.

[0167] To improve the uniformity of individual cells in a battery module, related art has also proposed a large-capacity battery, as shown in Figure 10. This large-capacity battery includes a housing 1 and multiple individual cells 2 (the end plates on one side of the housing are removed in Figure 10); the multiple individual cells are placed in parallel within the housing 1. A first channel 24 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 of this large-capacity battery, which is used to connect the electrolyte areas of the individual cells within the housing, ensuring that all the individual cells are exposed to a shared electrolyte system, thereby improving the uniformity of the individual cells.

[0168] Two fifth channels 44 are integrally formed in the housing 1 on both sides of the first channel 24 . Metal support rods 45 can be set in the fifth channels 44 to facilitate the transportation of large-capacity batteries and to securely fix them on the battery rack.

[0169] Since the outer shell 1 is charged, in order to ensure safety, the metal support rod 45 must be insulated from the outer shell 1. The current practice is to provide an insulating sleeve 46 on the metal support rod 45 or to apply an insulating layer on the metal support rod 45. However, both of the above methods require additional steps of assembling the insulating sleeve or applying the insulating layer before installing the support rod, which makes the assembly process of large-capacity batteries more complicated.

[0170] In order to solve the problem that the support rod in existing large-capacity batteries needs to be additionally assembled with an insulating sleeve or coated with an insulating layer before installation, which makes the assembly process more complicated, Examples 3 to 5 provide an end cover assembly.

[0171] The basic design ideas of Examples 3 to 5 are:

[0172] By fixing an end cap assembly at the end of the shell of the large-capacity battery, insulation is maintained between the shell and the metal support rod passing through the large-capacity battery shell. At the same time, the end cap assembly can also be used to prevent the metal support rod from moving in the fifth channel of the shell, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the large-capacity battery during transportation and installation in the battery rack.

[0173] Example 3

[0174] As shown in Figures 11 and 12, this embodiment provides an end cap assembly 47, including a main plate 48, a first extension tube 49, and a second extension tube 410; the main plate 48 is used to be fixed to the end of the large-capacity battery housing, and its outer dimensions are adapted to the outer dimensions of the end;

[0175] The meaning of adaptation here is: it can maintain the same shape and size as the end of the large-capacity battery, or the size of the main board can be slightly larger and fit the entire board on the end of the large-capacity battery.

[0176] The first extension tube 49 is fixedly mounted on the main body 48 and extends away from the large-capacity battery. A positioning hole 411 is formed in the first extension tube 49 for inserting a positioning screw. Accordingly, a through hole is also formed in the metal support rod 45. During use, a positioning screw is sequentially inserted through the positioning hole and the through hole, and then tightened with a nut to prevent the metal support rod from moving back and forth within the fifth channel of the housing.

[0177] A second extension tube 410 is fixed to the main body 48 and coaxial with the first extension tube 49. It is designed to pass through the fifth channel 44 of the large-capacity battery housing. This second extension tube 410 is an insulating tube. During use, the metal support rod directly contacts the insulated second extension tube 410, rather than the housing, ensuring the rod's insulation. Compared to related technologies, this eliminates the need for insulating sleeves or coatings on the metal support rod, improving the efficiency of large-capacity battery assembly.

[0178] Specifically, the main body 48 of this embodiment includes a panel 412. In order to take into account both the dead weight and strength of the end cover assembly, a hollow structure 413 is provided on the panel, and screw mounting holes 414 can be provided on the ribs constituting the hollow structure 413, so as to facilitate the fixed installation of the end cover assembly on the end of the large-capacity battery housing; the first extension tube 49 and the second extension tube 410 are both provided on the panel 412, and the setting method can be screw connection or integrally formed. In order to facilitate processing and manufacturing, in this embodiment, the panel 412, the hollow structure 413, the first extension tube 49 and the second extension tube 410 are integrally formed with insulating material; the insulating material can be selected from ABS plastic, which is low in price, has good insulating properties and good strength.

[0179] More specifically: in order to ensure that the large-capacity batteries have better strength when being transported by support rods or fixed to the battery rack by metal support rods, at least one reinforcing rib 415 is integrally provided between the tube wall of the first extension tube 49 and the panel in this embodiment.

[0180] Example 4

[0181] The structure of the end cap assembly 47 of this embodiment is consistent with the basic design concept of the structure of Example 3. Compared with Example 3, the structural form of Example 4 will make the large-capacity battery more integrated. Referring to Figures 13 to 15, the main body 48 of this embodiment mainly includes two parts, including a base plate 416 and a panel 412. The base plate 416 is used to fix the end of the large-capacity battery shell. The panel 412 is fixed to the base plate, and a first cavity 417 for accommodating the BMS circuit board is formed between the base plate 416 and the panel 412. The panel 412 is provided with a through hole 418 for extending the hot-swappable connector. Unlike the previous embodiment, in this embodiment, the first extension tube 49 and the second extension tube 410 are both integrally formed on the base plate 416.

[0182] In this embodiment, each single cell of the large-capacity battery exchanges heat with an external temperature control device via a heat exchange tube mounted on the terminal post. Therefore, to protect the heat exchange tubes of the large-capacity battery, two sixth channels 419 are formed between the base plate 416 and the panel 412 for the passage of the heat exchange tubes of the large-capacity battery. These six channels 419 are located on either side of the first cavity 417 and are isolated from the first cavity 417. Of course, the configuration of the six channels 419 is also applicable to the structure of the end cap assembly in Example 3 (i.e., two sixth channels for accommodating the heat exchange tubes are provided within the hollow structure).

[0183] In some other embodiments, if other methods are used to control the temperature of the large-capacity battery (i.e., a method other than clamping a heat exchange tube on the pole), there is no need to set the sixth channel.

[0184] In this embodiment, a second cavity 420 is formed between the bottom plate 416 and the panel 412 for accommodating a balancing power supply. The balancing power supply is used to maintain the consistent capacity of each cell in the large-capacity battery during the charge and discharge process. Since the balancing power supply has its own fan, ventilation holes 421 are provided on the sidewalls of the second cavity 420 to maintain good heat dissipation.

[0185] One point that needs to be emphasized is that since a liquid injection mechanism or explosion relief valve needs to be provided at the position corresponding to the first channel 24 at the end of the housing 1, an avoidance hole 422 needs to be opened on the end cover assembly of Examples 3 and 4 at the position corresponding to the liquid injection mechanism or explosion relief valve.

[0186] Example 5

[0187] This embodiment provides a large-capacity battery. As shown in FIG16 , one end of the large-capacity battery housing 1 is provided with an end cover assembly 47 described in Example 3, and the other end of the large-capacity battery housing is provided with an end cover assembly 47 described in Example 4.

[0188] In some other embodiments, depending on the structure of the large-capacity battery, both ends of the shell may simultaneously adopt the end cap assembly described in Example 3, or both ends of the shell may simultaneously adopt the end cap assembly described in Example 4.

[0189] In order to improve the uniformity of each single cell in the battery module, the relevant technology also proposes a large-capacity battery, as shown in Figures 17 and 18, the large-capacity battery includes a shell 1 and a plurality of single cells 2; the plurality of single cells 2 are placed in parallel in the shell 1, and a pole avoidance hole 12 is opened on the top of the shell corresponding to the pole of each single cell 2; the pole of each single cell 2 is connected to the pole adapter 3 through the pole avoidance hole 12, and the area of ​​the shell 1 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 12 is fixedly sealed to the shell of the single cell 2.

[0190] As shown in Figure 18, a sealing connector 13 can typically be added between the pole avoidance hole 12 and the upper cover of the cell 2 to achieve sealing. This sealing connector 13 comprises a hollow member, the bottom of which is sealedly connected to a first area of ​​the cell 2, and the top of which is sealedly connected to a second area of ​​the housing 1. The first area is the area surrounding any pole in the upper cover of any cell 2; the second area is the area corresponding to any pole avoidance hole 12 on the housing 1. The area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 12 is the area on the outer surface of the housing 1 surrounding any pole avoidance hole 12, or the area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 12 is the wall of the pole avoidance hole 12. The area surrounding the pole is the area surrounding the insulating gasket on the pole. The insulating gasket is a component on the cell 2 that insulates the pole from the upper cover. If the dimensions of the individual cells 2 in a group are relatively consistent in the z-direction, sealing can be achieved by directly welding the area of ​​the housing 1 corresponding to the pole avoidance hole 12 to the area of ​​the upper cover surrounding the pole of the cell 2.

[0191] The bottom plate of the shell 1 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 4, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single cell 2. Through the electrolyte sharing chamber 4, each single cell 2 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 2 and improving the performance and cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0192] A gas chamber 9 can also be provided at the top of the housing. This gas chamber 9 can communicate with the gas area within the interior of each single cell 2, achieving gas balance within each cell 2 and further improving the performance and cycle life of the high-capacity battery. The gas chamber 9 can also serve as an explosion venting channel. When a single cell 2 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke from the interior of that cell 2 enters the gas chamber 9, breaks through the explosion venting mechanisms at either end of the gas chamber 9, and is discharged.

[0193] The above-mentioned large-capacity batteries will release heat during use. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the battery life will be greatly shortened, energy loss will be aggravated, and even safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire will occur. Therefore, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity batteries, a liquid cooling tube can be fixed to the pole adapter 3 to achieve heat dissipation through a primary heat exchange method.

[0194] However, during long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling tube, condensation will be generated on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the pole adapter 3 and the top of the shell. When a sealing connector 13 is provided, it may also penetrate into the space between the sealing connector 13 and the pole or the pole adapter 3, causing the pole adapter 3 to be electrically conductive with the shell 1, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery 2.

[0195] In order to solve the above problems, the inventors considered laying an insulating sealant in the gap between the top of the shell and the pole adapter, and using the insulating sealant to seal the gap between the pole adapter 3 and the top of the shell to ensure that condensation cannot enter the gap between the pole adapter 3 and the top of the shell, so that this type of large-capacity battery has higher safety.

[0196] However, during the injection process, the insulating sealant is very likely to overflow from the top of the shell and flow to the outer wall of the shell 1. Of course, an injection mold can be used, but after the injection, it needs to be demolded, and the process is relatively complicated; in addition, during the demolding process, the structure of the insulating sealant may be destroyed, resulting in a reduction in the sealing reliability.

[0197] To address the issues of using an external injection mold during the anti-condensation process for large-capacity battery injection, which complicates the injection process and may damage the insulating sealant during the demolding process, resulting in reduced sealing reliability, Examples 6 and 7 provide an insulating protective cover for a large-capacity battery and a large-capacity battery having the insulating protective cover.

[0198] The insulating protective cover of Examples 6 and 7 can be applied to the large-capacity battery described in Figures 17 and 18, or to a large-capacity battery facing the same technical problems as the large-capacity battery. The following description will be made using the large-capacity battery in Figures 17 and 18 as an example.

[0199] As shown in Figures 19 to 23, this high-capacity battery includes a housing 1, multiple single cells 2, and two terminal adapters 3. Multiple single cells 2 are placed in parallel within the housing 1; the housing 1 is provided with a shared electrolyte chamber 4, which communicates with the electrolyte areas within the individual cells 2.

[0200] Referring to Figure 21 , the housing top plate 11 includes a post avoidance hole 12 corresponding to each individual battery post 21. Each individual battery post 21 is connected to the post adapter 3 through the post avoidance hole 12. A sealing connector 13 is added at the post avoidance hole 12 to securely seal the area of ​​the housing 1 corresponding to the post avoidance hole 12 with the housing of the individual battery 2. The structure and installation location of the sealing connector 13 are the same as those of the large-capacity battery described in the prior art.

[0201] As shown in FIG19 and FIG20 , the pole adapter 3 may be a slender member, and two slender members are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of all the single batteries 2 to serve as the positive and negative electrodes of the large-capacity battery.

[0202] The slender member is provided with multiple electrical connection posts 31; these are protrusions extending from the slender member. Each electrical connection post 31 is used to connect to the positive or negative electrode post of all the cells 2 in the large-capacity battery. Blind holes may also be provided in the slender member, corresponding to and extending to each of the electrical connection posts 31. Each blind hole houses a conductive post, with the outer wall of the post in close contact with the inner wall of the blind hole, enhancing the electrical conductivity of the post adapter 3.

[0203] The slender member is provided with a clamping portion 32 for mounting the liquid cooling tube 14. After the large-capacity battery is assembled, the liquid cooling tube 14 is installed in the clamping portion 32 of the pole adapter 3. Heat concentrated on the pole is transferred from the pole adapter 3 to the liquid cooling tube 14, which then dissipates the heat. Similarly, when the ambient temperature is too low and the individual batteries 2 may not start properly, the external temperature control device can also use the liquid cooling tube 14 to increase the temperature of each individual battery 2.

[0204] In order to prevent condensation generated by the liquid cooling tube 14 from penetrating into the first gap between the bottom surface 35 of the pole adapter and the top plate 11 of the outer shell, or the bottom surface 35 of the pole adapter and the first surface 131 of the sealing connector, area a shown in Figures 19 and 21, or penetrating into the second gap between the electrical connection column 31 of the pole adapter 3 or the single cell pole 21 and the sealing connector 13, area b shown in Figure 21, the inventors considered filling the area a with insulating sealant. Specifically, a glue injection process can be used to directly inject glue into the area a. During the glue injection process, under the action of gravity, the insulating sealant liquid will inevitably flow into the area b. To reduce the amount of insulating sealant used and prevent the electrical connection failure caused by the insulating sealant entering the joint between the electrical connection post 31 and the single cell terminal 21 due to a cold solder joint, if conditions permit, the sealant can be injected only into area a. For example, an insulating partition can be added at the intersection of area a and area b to prevent the insulating sealant from entering area b during the glue injection process into area a. Of course, solid insulating material can also be filled into area b, and then glue can be injected into area a to prevent the insulating sealant from flowing into area b.

[0205] As shown in FIG22 , this type of large-capacity battery may also use a rectangular block-shaped pole adapter 3 , with one pole adapter 3 connected to the positive and negative poles of each single battery 2 .

[0206] As shown in Figure 23, the rectangular block is provided with an electrical connection post 31. This is a protrusion protruding from the rectangular block. The electrical connection post 31 of the pole adapter 3 extends into the pole avoidance hole 12 and connects with the single cell pole 21 located within the inner cavity of the housing 1. The glue injection location for the pole adapter using this structure is the same as that for the pole adapter using the slender member described above and will not be further described here.

[0207] As mentioned above, to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing, a mold can be added to the housing top plate 11 and around the pole adapter 3 during the injection process to ensure smooth injection of the insulating sealant into area a. After injection, the mold can be removed. However, this complicates the injection process and makes demolding more difficult. The mold removal process may also damage the insulating sealant structure, reducing sealing reliability.

[0208] In order to overcome the above problems, as shown in FIG24 , Examples 6 to 7 add an insulating protective cover 10 to the top of the large-capacity battery, and use part of the structure of the insulating protective cover 10 as a glue injection mold. After the glue injection is completed, there is no need to demold, and at the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating protective cover 10 and the top of the large-capacity battery can be improved. In addition, if the pole adapter 3 is directly exposed to the external environment, there will be a great safety hazard during use due to the electrification of the pole adapter 3. Therefore, providing an insulating protective cover 10 on the top of the large-capacity battery can also provide insulation protection for the pole adapter 3, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the pole adapter 3 being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign matter from the external environment falling into the position of the pole adapter 3, causing the large-capacity battery to short-circuit, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0209] To facilitate glue injection, as shown in Figure 25, Examples 6 and 7 design the insulating protective cover 10 as a split structure. The insulating protective cover 10 includes an insulating frame 104 and an insulating cover plate 105 covering the insulating frame 104. The lower end of the insulating frame 104 is used to mate with the top of the large-capacity battery and is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery by screw connection or bonding. The upper end of the insulating frame 104 is fastened to the insulating cover plate 105. A notch is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame 104 parallel to the xz plane. This notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate 105 to form a slit 102. A channel for the extension of the liquid cooling tube is provided on the side wall of the insulating frame 104 parallel to the yz plane.

[0210] In Examples 6 and 7, a part of the structure of the insulating frame 104 is used as a glue injection mold to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the top of the housing.

[0211] During assembly, generally, the insulating frame 104 can be fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery first, and then glue can be injected into area a. Under the obstruction of the insulating frame 104, the insulating sealant will not overflow from the top of the shell. After the glue layer is cured, the electrical connector is connected to the pole adapter 3, and then the insulating cover 105 can be fixed on the upper end of the insulating frame 104.

[0212] It should be noted that the electrical connector described in Examples 6 and 7 is a connector for connecting two large-capacity batteries in series; it can also be a connector for connecting the large-capacity battery to an external load.

[0213] The following further describes Examples 6 and 7 in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0214] Example 6

[0215] As shown in Figure 26 , the insulating frame 104 of this embodiment includes a first insulating frame. Rubber shields 1043 are provided on each of the two long sides 1041 of the first insulating frame. Rubber shields 1043 are parallel to the xz plane, extend along the x-direction, and have a third gap (shown as region c in Figure 27 ) between them and the outer side surface 33 of the pole adapter in the y-direction. To increase the strength of the rubber shield 1043 , reinforcing ribs 1044 may be provided on the rubber shield 1043 .

[0216] It should be noted that the area f shown in FIG. 26 is a hollow area. After assembly, the pole adapter 3 is located in this area, as shown in FIG. 27 and FIG. 28 .

[0217] It should also be noted that the rubber baffle 1043 should form a slit 102 with the insulating cover 105 to connect the power connector to the pole adapter 3, as shown in Figures 28 and 29. When the upper end of the rubber baffle 1043 is higher than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter, a bent electrical connector can be used to connect to the pole adapter. When the upper end of the rubber baffle 1043 is lower than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter, a flat electrical connector can be used to connect. However, it should be noted that the height of the glue injection needs to be lower than the top surface 36 of the pole adapter and the upper end surface of the rubber baffle 1043.

[0218] It should also be noted that if the top plate 11 of the shell is not provided with a gas chamber 9, the top plate 11 of the shell can be provided with openings corresponding to the explosion vents of each single cell 2, and the area around the openings is sealed with the upper cover plate of the single cell 2. When injecting glue, a glue blocking structure can be added above the explosion vents of each single cell 2 to prevent the insulating sealant from covering the explosion vents and causing safety accidents. After the injection of glue is completed, the glue blocking structure can be removed. If the top plate 11 of the shell is not provided with a gas chamber 9, the top plate 11 of the shell can also not be provided with openings corresponding to the explosion vents of each single cell 2, and any port of the electrolyte shared chamber can be used as the explosion vent.

[0219] Furthermore, when the housing top plate 11 is provided with a gas chamber 9, the gas chamber 9 can serve as a rubber retaining structure. Of course, for structural regularity, a first chamber 112 can also be provided on the insulating frame, as shown in Figures 26 to 28, to serve as a gas chamber accommodating cavity, i.e., the gas chamber is located within the first chamber. The side panels of the first chamber parallel to the xz plane can serve as baffles 106, and the top plate of the first chamber can be flush with the insulating cover plate 105, or can be integrally provided with the insulating cover plate 105.

[0220] After fixing the first insulating frame on the top of the large-capacity battery, glue is injected into the third gap between the first insulating frame and the pole adapter 3. The insulating sealant fills the third gap (area c), area a and area b between the first insulating frame and the pole adapter 3.

[0221] Example 7

[0222] Different from the sixth embodiment, the insulating frame 104 of this embodiment has the following structure:

[0223] As shown in Figures 30, 31 and 32, the insulating frame 104 of this embodiment includes a second insulating frame 107 and an insulating base plate 108 fixed to the second insulating frame 107 away from the insulating cover plate 105, and electrical connection column avoidance holes 1081 corresponding to each pole adapter 3 are opened on the insulating base plate 108. The size of the electrical connection column avoidance holes 1081 should be able to allow the electrical connection column 31 on the pole adapter 3 to pass through, but the main part of the pole adapter 3 cannot pass through.

[0224] For rectangular block-shaped pole adapters 3, partitions 1082 can also be provided around each electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 to form each pole adapter accommodating cavity 109. After the insulating frame 104 is secured to the top of the large-capacity battery, the electrical connection posts 31 of each pole adapter 3 pass through the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 and the pole post avoidance hole 12 on the housing top plate 11 to connect with the respective single cell pole 21. A fourth gap, shown as area d in Figure 31, is defined between the sidewall of the pole adapter accommodating cavity 109 parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter 3 parallel to the xz plane. Glue is injected into the glue injection space through this fourth gap to achieve insulation and sealing of areas a and b.

[0225] For the slender pole adapter 3, there is no need to set the partition 1082. The accommodating cavity of the pole adapter 3 is a rectangular cavity, and the space between the pole adapter 3 and the pole adapter accommodating cavity 109 forms a glue injection space.

[0226] When the aperture of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 is larger than the outer diameter of the electrical connection post 31 of the pole adapter 3, the insulating sealant will enter area b from the gap between the two. If there is a cold weld between the electrical connection post 31 of the pole adapter 3 and each single cell pole 21, when the insulating sealant enters area b, the insulating sealant will penetrate into the cold weld area, which may affect the electrical conductivity of the pole adapter 3 and each single cell pole 21. In order to avoid such problems and reduce the amount of glue used, an annular retaining ring 110 can be added to the outer edge of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 to prevent the insulating sealant from flowing into area b, as shown in Figures 30 and 32. It should be noted that the outer edge of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081 here can be the hole wall of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081, or it can be the bottom plate area of ​​the glue injection space around the electrical connection post avoidance hole 1081. As can be seen from the figure, the annular retaining ring 110 protrudes perpendicularly from the bottom plate of the pole adapter accommodating cavity 109 toward the insulating cover 105. At the same time, in order to cooperate with the annular retaining ring 110, an annular groove 111 is formed on the bottom surface 35 of the pole adapter, and the annular retaining ring 110 can be directly inserted into the annular groove 111.

[0227] It should be noted that when the gas chamber 9 is provided on the top plate 11 of the shell, a second chamber 113 can be provided on the insulating bottom plate 108 as a gas chamber accommodating cavity, as shown in Figures 30 and 31, that is, the gas chamber is located in the second chamber 113.

[0228] In order to improve the uniformity of each single cell in the battery module, Chinese patent CN220324596U also discloses a large-capacity battery, the structure of which is shown in Figure 33. This type of large-capacity battery includes a shell 1 and multiple single cells 2. The multiple single cells 2 are connected in parallel in sequence and arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1; the shell 1 is provided with a shared chamber (the shared chamber described here is an electrolyte shared chamber 4 and / or a gas chamber 9), and the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of each single cell. The electrolyte and / or gas in the inner cavity of each single cell is connected through the electrolyte shared chamber and / or the gas chamber, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of all single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the single cells, and to a certain extent improving the consistency between the single cells, thereby to a certain extent improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0229] In the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, if the shells of the individual cells are charged, the shell will also be charged because the individual cells are in direct contact with the shell, which will cause certain safety hazards during use.

[0230] In order to overcome the safety issues of existing large-capacity batteries due to the fact that the shell can be charged, Examples 8 to 13 provide a first barrel for a large-capacity battery, a shell, and a large-capacity battery.

[0231] Examples 8 to 13 are a first cylinder for a large-capacity battery, the inner cavity of which is used to accommodate n single cells, where n is an integer greater than 1; a rectangular first cylinder is usually selected, and the n single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the first cylinder along the length direction of the rectangular first cylinder.

[0232] For the convenience of description, the length direction of the first cylinder is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the first cylinder is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the first cylinder is defined as the z direction.

[0233] Such a first cylinder has at least one open end and can adopt at least the following three structures:

[0234] The first structure includes a first cylindrical body with open ends on both the left and right ends (i.e., the two ends parallel to the yz plane are open ends);

[0235] The second structure includes a first cylindrical body with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., both ends parallel to the xy plane are open ends);

[0236] The third structure includes a first cylindrical body with an open top (i.e., one of the ports parallel to the xy plane is an open end);

[0237] The aforementioned first barrel is typically made of the same metal material as the battery housing. When the battery housing is charged, the battery directly contacts the first barrel, inevitably leading to the first barrel also becoming charged, posing a safety hazard. To address this issue and ensure the safety of large-capacity batteries with this type of first barrel, Examples 8 through 13 insulate the first barrel. This can be achieved by spraying insulating varnish on the first barrel wall, wrapping it with an insulating film, or forming an enamel insulating layer.

[0238] It should be noted that the above-mentioned first cylinder wall surface may be the first cylinder inner wall surface and / or the first cylinder outer wall surface.

[0239] Examples 8 to 13 also provide a large-capacity battery housing, comprising the above-mentioned first cylinder and a cover plate covering the open end of the first cylinder, wherein the surface of the cover plate also has an enamel insulation layer.

[0240] Embodiments 8 to 13 further provide a large-capacity battery, comprising n single cells and the above-mentioned housing; wherein the n single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x direction;

[0241] In order to facilitate the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries, pole avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the corresponding pole avoidance hole to serve as a large-capacity battery polarity terminal (all single cell polarity terminals on one side serve as the first polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery, and all single cell polarity terminals on the other side serve as the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery, wherein the polarities of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal are opposite), and the outer shell top plate area corresponding to the pole avoidance hole (i.e., the outer shell top plate area around the pole avoidance hole) is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell, so that the pole avoidance hole area of ​​the outer shell top plate is sealed.

[0242] It should be noted that:

[0243] 1. The single cell polarity terminal described herein may be a single cell pole. If, in order to prevent the single cell pole from being unable to smoothly extend out of the pole avoidance hole as a polarity terminal or the height of the pole avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter may be connected to the single cell pole, and the overall structure of the single cell pole and the pole adapter may be used as the single cell polarity terminal.

[0244] 2. For the first cylinder of the first structure mentioned above, the outer shell top plate here is the first cylinder top plate; for the first cylinders of the second and third structures mentioned above, the outer shell top plate here is the cover plate covering the open end of the top of the first cylinder.

[0245] A shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all the single batteries.

[0246] The shared electrolyte chamber can be a shared electrolyte chamber. This allows each cell to maintain a uniform electrolyte environment, ensuring electrolyte uniformity within each cell and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries. The shared electrolyte chamber is a liquid channel extending along the length of the housing, located between the housing bottom plate and each cell. This channel can be integrally formed with the housing bottom plate or formed by providing a support member between the cell lower cover plate and the housing bottom plate.

[0247] It should be noted that:

[0248] For the first cylinder of the first and third structures mentioned above, the shell bottom plate here is the first cylinder bottom plate, and for the first cylinder of the second structure mentioned above, the shell bottom plate here is the cover plate covering the open end of the bottom of the first cylinder.

[0249] The shared chamber can also be a gas chamber, which can achieve gas balance in each single cell through the gas chamber, and can also improve the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries. The gas chamber here is a gas channel extending along the length of the shell between the top plate of the shell and each single cell;

[0250] It should be noted that:

[0251] For the first cylinder of the first structure mentioned above, the shell top plate here is the first cylinder top plate. For the first cylinders of the second and third structures mentioned above, the shell top plate here is the cover plate covering the open end of the top of the first cylinder.

[0252] The shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. This allows each battery to maintain a uniform electrolyte and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of large-capacity batteries. The gas chamber is a channel extending along the length of the housing between the side panels of the housing and each battery.

[0253] It should be noted that:

[0254] For the first cylinders of the above three structures, the outer shell side panels here are the side panels of the first cylinder parallel to the xz plane.

[0255] The following further describes Examples 8 to 13 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0256] Example 8

[0257] Figure 34 shows the structure of the first cylindrical body 51 for a large-capacity battery according to this embodiment. The left and right ends of the first cylindrical body 51 are open, and a terminal avoidance hole 12 is provided on the top plate 511 of the first cylindrical body, corresponding to the polarity terminals 531 of each single battery cell 2. The left and right ends are parallel to the yz plane.

[0258] In this embodiment, the first barrel 51 is made of aluminum, which is the same material as the shell of the single battery 2, and can be integrally formed using an aluminum extrusion process.

[0259] In this embodiment, a porcelain enamel insulation layer is formed on both the inner and outer walls of the first barrel 51. This enamel insulation layer has excellent insulation properties, reliably insulating the cells 2 from the first barrel 51 during operation of the high-capacity battery, thereby enhancing the safety of the high-capacity battery. Furthermore, this enamel insulation layer is wear-resistant and resists both falling off and damage during assembly, handling, and use, ensuring high insulation reliability between the first barrel 51 and the cells 2.

[0260] From the perspective of insulation performance, the thicker the enamel insulation layer, the better the insulation. However, when the thickness is too thick, there will be at least the following two problems:

[0261] 1. When the thickness of the enamel insulation layer is thicker, it is equivalent to increasing the wall thickness of the entire first cylinder 51, which increases the volume of the entire large-capacity battery, thereby resulting in a lower energy density of such a large-capacity battery;

[0262] 2. After increasing the thickness of the enamel insulation layer, since it completely covers the wall surface of the first cylinder 51, the heat conduction performance of the first cylinder 51 will be reduced, thereby resulting in poor heat dissipation performance of such large-capacity batteries.

[0263] Therefore, in order to balance the above problems, in this embodiment, the thickness of the enamel insulation layer is preferably 100um to 300um. The enamel insulation layer of this thickness not only ensures the insulation performance, but also enables the first cylinder 51 to have better thermal conductivity. In addition, the thickness of the first cylinder 51 will not be significantly increased. At the same time, the enamel insulation layer is not easy to fall off and has better wear resistance.

[0264] As shown in Figures 35 and 36, they are a structural diagram and an explosion diagram of the large-capacity battery of this embodiment. It can be seen from the figures that the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a shell 1 and single cells 2 arranged in the shell 1.

[0265] The housing 1 comprises the aforementioned first cylindrical body 51 and cover plates covering the left and right open ends of the first cylindrical body 51. For ease of distinction, in this embodiment, the cover plates covering the left and right open ends of the first cylindrical body 51 are referred to as first end plates 55. In this embodiment, an enamel insulating layer is also formed on the surface of the first end plate 55, and its thickness is the same as that of the enamel insulating layer on the first cylindrical body.

[0266] The single cells 2 in this embodiment are prismatic cells, and there are 13 of them. In other embodiments, the number and shape of the single cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single cell 2 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0267] The individual cells 2 are arranged in the inner cavity of the first cylinder 51 along the x direction, and the polarity terminals 531 of the individual cells 2 extend out of the corresponding pole avoidance holes 12 as large-capacity battery polarity terminals 531. The outer shell top plate (the outer shell top plate in this embodiment is the first cylinder top plate 511) area corresponding to the pole avoidance holes 12 is fixedly sealed with the shell of the individual cells 2.

[0268] As can be seen from Figures 35 and 36, the polarity terminal 531 of the single cell 2 in this embodiment is a pole of the single cell 2. The pole height of this type of single cell 2 is higher than that of the conventional single cell 2.

[0269] As can be seen from FIG36 , in this embodiment, a support member 56 is provided between the single battery 2 and the bottom plate of the housing (in this embodiment, the bottom plate of the housing is the first cylinder bottom plate 512 ) to form the electrolyte sharing chamber 4 .

[0270] The support member 56 shown in Figure 37 is made of aluminum, with its main portion being a flat plate whose shape and dimensions match those of the housing bottom plate. Second support ribs 562 extending in the x-direction are provided on the lower surface of the plate, and first support ribs 561 extending in the x-direction are provided on the upper surface of the plate. There are three first support ribs 561, each extending in the x-direction. The three first support ribs 561 are evenly spaced along the y-direction, forming an electrolyte sharing chamber 4 between each pair of first support ribs 561. To enhance electrolyte sharing, a notch is provided in the middle first support rib 561 to ensure interconnected liquid channels (electrolyte sharing chambers 4) on either side.

[0271] In FIG38 , two supporting ribs 58 are directly provided on the bottom plate of the housing along the x direction, and a liquid channel is formed between the two supporting ribs 58 , serving as an electrolyte sharing chamber 4 .

[0272] Example 9

[0273] Different from the embodiment 8, the first cylinder 51 of this embodiment is additionally provided with a gas chamber 9 on the basis of the embodiment.

[0274] As shown in Figure 39, this embodiment has a raised portion on the first cylinder top plate 511 away from the first cylinder bottom plate 512, forming a gas channel extending along the x-direction, serving as the gas chamber 9. The first cylinder 51 of this embodiment is similar to that of embodiment 8 and can also be integrally formed using an aluminum extrusion process.

[0275] As shown in Figure 40, this is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the large-capacity battery of this embodiment (a schematic diagram of the structure after removing the first end plate on one side of the shell). Unlike the large-capacity battery in Example 8, the gas area of ​​each single cell 2 in this embodiment is connected to the gas chamber 9 to achieve gas balance of each single cell, further improving the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0276] In some other embodiments, the gas chamber 9 can be used as an explosion relief channel, that is, during the normal operation of the large-capacity battery, the inner cavity of each single cell is not connected to the explosion relief channel. When any single cell suffers from thermal runaway, the explosion relief membrane on the top of the single cell is broken by the smoke in the inner cavity. The inner cavity of the single cell is connected to the explosion relief channel, and the smoke is discharged through the explosion relief channel, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0277] Example 10

[0278] FIG41 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first barrel 51 for a large-capacity battery in this embodiment. Both left and right ends of the first barrel 51 are open. Unlike Example 9, this embodiment has a raised portion on the first barrel bottom plate 512, away from the first barrel top plate 511, forming a liquid channel extending along the x-direction, which serves as the electrolyte shared chamber 4. Similar to Example 8, the first barrel 51 in this embodiment can also be integrally formed using an aluminum extrusion process.

[0279] In other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 4 or the gas chamber 9 may be provided.

[0280] The structure of the high-capacity battery of this embodiment is shown in Figures 42 and 43. Compared to the high-capacity battery of Example 9, the electrolyte shared chamber 4 of this embodiment is formed directly on the first cylindrical body 51, eliminating the need for an additional support frame. Furthermore, as can be seen in Figures 42 and 43, the polarity terminals 531 of the single cell 2 of this embodiment are an integrated structure formed by the combination of the cell 2 pole and the pole adapter.

[0281] Example 11

[0282] Different from the above embodiment, as shown in FIG44 , the top and bottom of the first cylinder 51 of this embodiment are open ends, that is, in this embodiment, the open end of the first cylinder 51 is parallel to the xy plane, and can also be integrally formed using an aluminum extrusion process.

[0283] Similar to the eighth embodiment, the first cylinder 51 of this embodiment is made of aluminum, and an enamel insulation layer with a thickness of about 100 um to 300 um is formed on both the inner and outer walls of the first cylinder 51 .

[0284] As can be seen in FIG44 , this embodiment can also include multiple partitions 510 within the inner cavity of the first barrel 51, dividing the inner cavity of the first barrel 51 into multiple mounting cavities for single cells 2. A single cell 2 is fixed in each mounting cavity for single cells 2. Each single cell 2 near the middle has its sidewalls in contact with the partitions 510 on both sides. The two single cells 2 near the outermost portion have one sidewall in contact with the partition 510 and the other in contact with the sidewall of the first barrel 51. This can, firstly, improve the installation stability of each single cell 2 within the housing; secondly, prevent the single cells 2 from swelling, which could lead to reduced cycle performance in large-capacity batteries; thirdly, heat generated during the charge and discharge process of each single cell 2 can be transferred to the outside through the partitions 510, reducing the risk of thermal runaway; and fourthly, enhance the strength of the first barrel 51.

[0285] Two or more single cells 2 may be fixed in each single cell 2 installation cavity.

[0286] The partition plate 510 and the rectangular first cylinder 51 can be integrally extruded and formed. An enamel insulation layer can also be formed on the partition plate 510.

[0287] The structure of the large-capacity battery corresponding to this embodiment is shown in Figure 45. As can be seen from the figure, the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a housing 1 and single cells 2 arranged in the housing 1.

[0288] The housing 1 comprises the aforementioned first cylindrical body 51 and cover plates covering the upper and lower open ends of the first cylindrical body 51. For ease of distinction, in this embodiment, the cover plates covering the upper and lower open ends of the first cylindrical body 51 are respectively defined as an upper cover plate 513 and a lower cover plate 514. In this embodiment, an enamel insulating layer is also formed on the surfaces of the upper and lower cover plates 513, 514, and its thickness is the same as that of the enamel insulating layer on the first cylindrical body.

[0289] In some other embodiments, the lower cover plate 514 may be integral with the first cylinder 51 and may be manufactured by a casting process.

[0290] The single cells 2 in this embodiment are prismatic cells, and there are 13 of them. In other embodiments, the number and shape of the single cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single cell 2 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0291] The individual cells 2 are arranged in the inner cavity of the first cylinder 51 along the x direction, and the polarity terminals 531 of the individual cells 2 extend out of the corresponding pole avoidance holes 12 as large-capacity battery polarity terminals 531. The area of ​​the outer shell top plate (the outer shell top plate in this embodiment is the upper cover plate 513) corresponding to the pole avoidance holes 12 is fixedly sealed with the shell of the individual cells 2.

[0292] As can be seen from Figure 45, in this embodiment, a groove is provided on the lower cover plate 514 to form a liquid channel extending along the x-direction, which serves as the electrolyte shared chamber 4, and the upper cover plate 513 has a protrusion in the direction away from the lower cover plate 514 to form a gas channel extending along the x-direction, which serves as the gas chamber 9.

[0293] Example 12

[0294] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery. Based on the large-capacity battery of the above embodiment, a heat transfer tube 25 is additionally provided to improve the heat dissipation performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0295] The specific structure is shown in FIG. 46 ( FIG. 46 takes the high-capacity battery of Example 9 as an example in which a heat transfer tube 25 is added). As can be seen from the figure, in this embodiment, a clamping portion is provided at the location where each polarity terminal 531 extends out of the housing 1, and the heat transfer tube 25 is fixed to the clamping portion.

[0296] The heat transfer tube 25 is secured within the clamping portion, directly connecting it to the large-capacity battery's polarity terminals 531. This allows heat to be promptly directed away from the polarity terminals 531, where it is most concentrated, improving heat dissipation from the top of the large-capacity battery. Furthermore, when the large-capacity battery's temperature falls below a set threshold, a higher-temperature heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat transfer tube 25 to raise the battery's temperature. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, the large-capacity battery is ensured to maintain its normal operating temperature.

[0297] As can be seen in Figure 46, this embodiment provides a through slot at the location where the polarity terminal 531 of the single cell 2 extends out of the terminal avoidance hole 12, serving as a clamping portion. Compared to through holes, through slots are more convenient for on-site installation and require less stringent installation requirements. The through slot has a C-shaped cross-section, with its opening width smaller than its widest point. This design facilitates interference fit of the heat transfer tube 25 within the slot. The arc formed by the two ends of the C-shaped slot creates natural tension, which helps to securely secure the heat transfer tube 25 within the slot.

[0298] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 25 can be a U-shaped tube section. To facilitate installation, the U-shaped tube section is split into three parts, which can be defined as a first tube 151, a second tube 152 and a connecting tube 153.

[0299] The first tube 151 is fixed within the through-slot of the positive terminal 531 of each single cell 2 in the high-capacity battery. The second tube 152 is fixed within the through-slot of the negative terminal 531 of each single cell 2 in the high-capacity battery. The two ends of the connecting tube 153 are respectively connected to the ports on the same side of the first tube 151 and the second tube 152. The remaining two ports of the first tube 151 and the second tube 152 serve as the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat transfer tube 25.

[0300] In some other embodiments, two heat transfer tubes 25 may be used, and the two heat transfer tubes 25 are respectively clamped in the clamping parts of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal 531 of the large-capacity battery.

[0301] When the heat transfer tube 25 contacts the polarity terminal 531 for heat exchange, insulation must be provided between the heat transfer tube 25 and the polarity terminal 531 of the large-capacity battery. If the insulation performance between the two is poor, installing the heat transfer tube 25 on the polarity terminal 531 of the large-capacity battery will cause a short circuit in the battery, posing a safety hazard.

[0302] Specifically, this can be achieved by insulating the heat transfer tube 25, insulating the contact area between the polarity terminal 531 and the heat transfer tube 25, or adding an insulating gasket between the heat transfer tube 25 and the polarity terminal 531. This ensures reliable insulation performance when the polarity terminal 531 of the large-capacity battery exchanges heat with the heat transfer tube 25.

[0303] In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 25 is a metal tube with an enamel insulation layer formed on the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 25. This enamel insulation layer reliably insulates the heat transfer tube 25 from the polarity terminals 531 of the large-capacity battery during operation. Furthermore, the enamel insulation layer ensures good heat exchange performance after contact between the heat transfer tube 25 and the polarity terminals 531. Furthermore, this enamel insulation layer exhibits excellent wear resistance, resisting both shedding and damage during handling, installation, and use, thereby enhancing the safety of the large-capacity battery during operation.

[0304] The heat transfer tube 25 is a heat exchange pipe that primarily contacts the polarity terminals 531 of the high-capacity battery cells, performing heat exchange with them. The cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer tube 25 is not critical, as long as it can contact the polarity terminals 531 of the battery cells 2 for heat exchange. For example, square tubes, oval tubes, and round tubes can be used. In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 25 is preferably a round tube, as it is easy to install and can be made from existing metal pipes, resulting in relatively low cost.

[0305] The heat transfer tube 25 in this embodiment is specifically made of a metal tube with good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum tube, a copper tube, etc. Preferably, the heat transfer tube 25 is made of an aluminum tube with good thermal conductivity and relatively low cost. To ensure the thermal conductivity, the thinner the wall thickness of the aluminum tube, the better. However, if the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is too thin, the aluminum tube is relatively soft and easily bends and breaks during installation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is preferably 0.5mm to 1.5mm. Aluminum tubes with this wall thickness can maintain their installation reliability while having good thermal conductivity, avoiding the risk of bending and damage when the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is thin. In actual use, the diameter of the aluminum tube is generally about 10mm to 20mm.

[0306] The heat transfer tube 25 can be manufactured in the following manner:

[0307] First, the heat transfer tube 25 can be made of a whole tube. The whole aluminum tube is bent into a U-shaped tube. The two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are respectively fixed to the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery;

[0308] Second, to facilitate installation, the heat transfer tube 25 is a spliced ​​tube, primarily comprising a first tube 151, a second tube 152, and a connecting tube 153. The first tube 151 is secured to the first polarity terminal of the high-capacity battery; the second tube 152 is secured to the second polarity terminal of the high-capacity battery. The ends of the connecting tube 153 are connected to ports on the same side of the first and second tubes 151, 152. Furthermore, the connecting tube 153 in this spliced ​​tube can be an insulated tube, further enhancing the insulation performance of the heat transfer tube 25.

[0309] The heat transfer tube 25 is provided with an enamel insulation layer on the tube wall where it contacts the high-capacity battery polarity terminals 531. When the enamel insulation layer is provided on an aluminum tube, it is molded onto the outer tube wall, forming an integral structure with the tube. The enamel insulation layer is formed on the heat transfer tube 25 by condensing an inorganic glassy material onto the outer wall of the metal tube through a high-temperature melting process, firmly bonding to the outer wall. This enamel insulation layer, formed on the outer wall of the metal tube, imparts excellent properties such as high hardness, high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, and insulation.

[0310] The thicker the enamel insulation layer, the better the insulation, but its thermal conductivity will decrease. In this embodiment, the thickness of the enamel insulation layer is preferably 100 μm to 300 μm. This thickness ensures excellent insulation performance while also providing good thermal conductivity for the aluminum tube wall. Furthermore, the enamel insulation layer is less likely to fall off and has better wear resistance.

[0311] When providing the aforementioned enamel insulation layer on the heat transfer tube 25, the enamel insulation layer can be applied only on the portion of the heat transfer tube 25 that contacts the polarity terminals 531 of the battery cells 2. Alternatively, the enamel insulation layer can be applied across the entire heat transfer tube 25. When the enamel insulation layer is applied to only a portion of the heat transfer tube 25, the processing and forming process for the enamel insulation layer is relatively complex. Furthermore, when the heat transfer tube 25 formed in this manner is used in conjunction with the polarity terminals 531 of the battery cells 2, care must be taken to ensure proper installation position to avoid connecting a heat transfer tube 25 without the enamel insulation layer to the polarity terminals 531 of the battery cells 2, which could create a short circuit risk. Therefore, providing the enamel insulation layer across the entire heat transfer tube 25 is generally preferred. This approach not only simplifies the forming of the enamel insulation layer, but also eliminates the need to consider installation errors between the enamel insulation layer and the polarity terminals 531 of the battery cells 2, making on-site installation of the heat transfer tube 25 more convenient.

[0312] Example 13

[0313] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery. Based on the large-capacity battery of embodiment 12, a liquid cooling plate 516 is added to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the large-capacity battery. As shown in Figure 47, this embodiment adds a liquid cooling plate 516 to the bottom of the large-capacity battery (the polarity terminal 531 in Figure 47 is an integral structure of the two poles of the single cell and the pole adapter). The heat transfer tube 25 is connected in series with the liquid cooling plate 516 (in some other embodiments, the heat transfer tube 25 and the liquid cooling plate 516 can also be connected in parallel). The free end of the liquid cooling plate 516 is used as the liquid inlet (port b in Figure 47). The free end of the heat transfer tube 25 is connected to the liquid cooling plate 516. As the liquid outlet (port shown as a in Figure 47), the liquid cooling medium enters the liquid cooling plate 516 through the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling plate 516, is discharged from the liquid outlet, enters the heat transfer tube 25, and is discharged from the liquid outlet of the heat transfer tube 25; or, the free end of the heat transfer tube 25 is used as the liquid inlet, and the free end of the liquid cooling plate 516 is used as the liquid outlet, the liquid cooling medium enters through the liquid inlet of the heat transfer tube 25, is discharged from the liquid outlet, enters the liquid cooling plate 516, and is discharged from the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate 516.

[0314] This embodiment adds a liquid cooling plate 516 to the bottom of the large-capacity battery, which, in conjunction with the heat transfer tube 25, effectively dissipates heat from the bottom of the large-capacity battery and the polarity terminals 531. This achieves balanced heat dissipation for each individual cell 2 within the large-capacity battery, significantly improving the heat dissipation performance of the large-capacity battery and ensuring its safe operation. In other embodiments, the liquid cooling plate 516 can also be added to the side wall of the housing 1 (the side wall of the housing 1 is parallel to the xz plane). The heat transfer tube 25 and the liquid cooling plate 516 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0315] In some other embodiments, a liquid cooling plate 516 may be added to the bottom of the large-capacity battery and the side wall of the housing 1 .

Claims

1. An insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery, characterized in that: Used to be placed on the casing of a large-capacity battery to protect the large-capacity battery.

2. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises an insulating protection box, which comprises a box shell, which is arranged on the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery, and the part of each single battery pole extending out of the shell is located in the box shell; the two first side walls of the box shell are provided with a second channel for the heat transfer pipe to extend out.

3. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two second side walls of the box shell are each provided with a third channel for the electrical connector to extend out.

4. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The box shell includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover plate; the lower part of the insulating frame is used to cooperate with the top of the outer shell, and the inner size of the insulating frame is adapted to the outer edge size of the top of the outer shell, and the insulating cover plate is buckled and installed on the upper part of the insulating frame.

5. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insulating frame also includes an insulating bottom plate, which contacts the outer surface of the top of the shell, and the insulating bottom plate is provided with a pole avoidance channel corresponding to the pole position of each single battery, and the pole avoidance channel extends toward the direction of the single battery.

6. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insulating bottom plate is provided with a cavity, and the outer surface of the cavity is provided with a positioning groove.

7. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a protective cover arranged on one side of any one of the first side walls.

8. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes an end cover assembly, and the end cover assembly includes a main board body, a first extension tube and a second extension tube; The main board is used to be fixed to the end of the large-capacity battery housing, and its outer dimensions are adapted to those of the end; The first extension tube is fixedly arranged on the main body, extending to a side away from the large-capacity battery, and a positioning hole for penetrating a positioning screw is opened on the first extension tube; The second extension tube is fixedly arranged on the main body and is coaxial with the first extension tube, and is used to pass through the fifth channel of the large-capacity battery shell, and the second extension tube is an insulating tube.

9. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main board body includes a panel and a hollow structure arranged in the panel.

10. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least one reinforcing rib is arranged between the tube wall of the first extension tube and the panel.

11. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 10, characterized in that: The panel, the hollow structure, the reinforcing ribs, the first extension tube and the second extension tube are an integral part made of insulating material.

12. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main board body includes a base plate and a panel; the base plate is used to be fixedly connected to the end of the large-capacity battery housing, the panel is fixed to the base plate, and a first cavity for placing the BMS circuit board is formed between the base plate and the panel, and a through hole for extending the hot-swap connector is opened on the panel.

13. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 12, characterized in that: Two sixth channels for the heat exchange tubes on the large-capacity battery to pass through are formed between the bottom plate and the panel, and the two sixth channels are arranged on both sides of the first cavity and are isolated from the first cavity.

14. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 13, characterized in that: A second cavity for placing a balanced power supply is formed between the bottom plate and the panel, and ventilation holes are arranged on the side walls of the second cavity.

15. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first extension tube and the second extension tube are both integrally formed on the bottom plate.

16. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 15, characterized in that: At least one reinforcing rib is integrally formed between the tube wall of the first extension tube and the panel.

17. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating protective cover is included, wherein the insulating protective cover includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover plate; The lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery shell to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the top of the shell; The insulating cover is buckled and installed on the upper end of the insulating frame; Define the length direction of the insulating frame as the x direction, the width direction as the y direction, and the height direction as the z direction; A notch is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame body parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate to form a slit, through which the large-capacity battery is electrically connected to external equipment.

18. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 17, characterized in that: The insulating frame includes a first insulating frame, and rubber baffles are respectively arranged on two long frames of the first insulating frame along the x direction. The rubber baffles are parallel to the xz plane, and in the y direction, there is a third gap between the rubber baffles and the outer side surface of the adjacent pole adapter.

19. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 18, characterized in that: The rubber baffle plate is provided with reinforcing ribs.

20. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 18, characterized in that: The insulating frame also includes a first chamber serving as a gas chamber accommodating chamber.

21. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 17, characterized in that: The insulating frame includes a second insulating frame and an insulating base plate fixed on the second insulating frame away from the insulating cover plate. An electrical connection post avoidance hole corresponding to each pole adapter is opened on the insulating base plate. The aperture of the electrical connection post avoidance hole is larger than the outer contour size of the electrical connection post on the pole adapter and smaller than the outer contour size of the pole adapter.

22. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 21, characterized in that: On the insulating bottom plate, partitions are arranged around each electrical connection column avoidance hole to form a pole adapter accommodating chamber; a fourth gap is provided between the side wall of the pole adapter accommodating chamber parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter parallel to the xz plane.

23. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 22, characterized in that: The outer edge of the electrical connection column avoidance hole is provided with a protrusion along its circumference, which serves as an annular retaining rubber ring to prevent the insulating sealing glue from flowing into the space between the sealing connector and the pole adapter and the single battery pole.

24. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 21, characterized in that: The insulating bottom plate is also provided with a second chamber serving as a gas chamber accommodating chamber.

25. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 17, characterized in that: A channel for the liquid cooling pipe to extend out is provided on a side wall of the insulating frame body parallel to the yz plane.

26. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is an insulating layer arranged on the wall of the shell.

27. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 26, characterized in that: The insulation layer is enamel insulation layer.

28. The insulating protective member for a large-capacity battery according to claim 27, characterized in that: The thickness of the enamel insulation layer is 100um to 300um.

29. A first cylinder for a large-capacity battery, having at least one open end, wherein the inner cavity of the first cylinder is used to accommodate n single cells, wherein n is an integer greater than 1; characterized in that: An insulating protective component is provided on the wall surface of the first cylinder.

30. The first barrel for a large-capacity battery according to claim 29, characterized in that: The insulating protective component is an insulating layer.

31. The first barrel for a large-capacity battery according to claim 30, characterized in that: The insulation layer is enamel insulation layer.

32. The first barrel for a large-capacity battery according to claim 31, characterized in that: The thickness of the enamel insulation layer is 100um to 300um.

33. The first barrel for a large-capacity battery according to any one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that: It has two open ends, which are located at the left and right ends of the first cylinder; and pole avoidance holes are provided on the top plate of the first cylinder corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery.

34. The first barrel for a large-capacity battery according to claim 33, characterized in that: The first cylinder bottom plate has a protrusion in the direction away from the first cylinder top plate to form an electrolyte sharing chamber; the first cylinder top plate has a protrusion in the direction away from the first cylinder bottom plate to form a gas chamber.

35. A casing for a large-capacity battery, characterized in that: An insulating protective component is arranged outside the shell.

36. The casing for a large-capacity battery according to claim 35, characterized in that: The shell includes a cover plate and the first cylinder for a large-capacity battery according to any one of claims 30 to 35, wherein the cover plate covers the open end of the first cylinder for a large-capacity battery; and an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the cover plate.

37. A large capacity battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a plurality of single cells arranged in the inner cavity of the shell in the same direction, and an insulating protection component arranged outside the shell.

38. The large capacity battery according to claim 37, characterized in that: The housing is a housing for a large-capacity battery as claimed in claim 36; A shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells; a pole avoidance hole is provided on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single cell; the polarity terminal of each single cell extends out of the pole avoidance hole, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the pole avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell.

39. The large capacity battery according to claim 38, characterized in that: It also includes a heat transfer tube. A clamping part is provided at the position where the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the pole avoidance hole. The heat transfer tube is fixed on the clamping part of the polarity terminal of each single battery.

40. The large capacity battery according to claim 38, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube is a metal tube, and an enamel insulation layer is provided on the wall of the metal tube.

41. The large capacity battery according to any one of claims 38 to 40, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube is a U-shaped tube section, including a first tube and a second tube parallel to each other and a connecting tube connected between the first tube and the second tube; The first tube is fixed on the clamping part of all the single battery polarity terminals on one side, and the second tube is fixed on the clamping part of all the single battery polarity terminals on the other side; the outer tube walls of the first tube and the second tube are provided with enamel insulation layers.

42. The large capacity battery according to claim 37, characterized in that: It also includes a heat transfer tube and an insulating protection box; The bottom of the housing is provided with a first channel; The pole of each single cell extends out of the top of the housing, and an electrical connector and a heat transfer tube are installed on the pole of each single cell located on the same side; The insulating protection box comprises a box shell, which is arranged on the top of the outer shell of the large-capacity battery, and the part of each single battery pole extending out of the outer shell is located in the box shell; the two first side walls of the box shell are provided with a second channel for the heat transfer pipe to extend out, and the two second side walls of the box shell are provided with a third channel for the electrical connector to extend out; The heat transfer tube extends through the second passage.

43. The large capacity battery according to claim 42, characterized in that: An electrical signal collection and transmission board for collecting and transmitting signals of each single battery is arranged in the insulating protection cavity.

44. The large capacity battery according to claim 43, characterized in that: It also includes a BMS circuit board; a protective cover is installed on one side of any one of the first side walls of the box shell; the BMS circuit board is installed in the protective cover and is electrically connected to the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board.

45. The large capacity battery according to any one of claims 42 to 44, characterized in that: The box shell includes an insulating frame, an insulating bottom plate and an insulating cover plate; An insulating bottom plate is arranged below the insulating frame, and the inner size of the insulating frame matches the outer edge size of the top of the shell, and an insulating cover plate is buckled and installed above the insulating frame; The insulating bottom plate contacts the top of the shell, and a pole avoidance channel is provided on the insulating bottom plate corresponding to the pole position of each single battery, and the pole avoidance channel extends toward the direction of the single battery.

46. ​​The large capacity battery according to claim 45, characterized in that: The top of the shell is provided with a fourth channel, the insulating bottom plate is provided with a concave cavity for avoiding the fourth channel, and the electrical signal acquisition and transmission board is arranged on the concave cavity.

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