Apparatus and method for estimating soh

Abstract

An apparatus for estimating an SOH according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a profile obtaining unit configured to obtain an OCV profile for a plurality of OCVs of a battery, the OCVs being measured at different time points; a profile correction unit configured to generate an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile by adjusting a pre-configured reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the OCV profile; and a control unit configured to extract at least one of a diagnostic factor related to a positive electrode participation end point for the battery from the adjusted positive electrode profile and a diagnostic factor related to a positive electrode change ratio for the battery from the reference positive electrode profile and the adjusted positive electrode profile, and estimate a positive electrode SOH of the battery on the basis of the extracted diagnostic factor.

Description

SOH estimation device and method

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0115868, filed on August 31, 2023, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a device and method for estimating SOH (State of health), and more particularly, to a device and method for estimating SOH of a battery using OCV (Open circuit voltage).

[0003] Recently, as the demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones has rapidly increased, and the development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, and satellites has been in full swing, research into high-performance batteries capable of repeated charging and discharging is actively being conducted.

[0004] Currently commercialized batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium batteries. Among these, lithium batteries are receiving attention for their advantages of being able to charge and discharge freely, having a very low self-discharge rate, and having a high energy density, as they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries.

[0005] While extensive research is being conducted on these batteries to improve capacity and density, improving lifespan and safety is also crucial. To improve battery safety, technology is required to accurately diagnose the current battery condition.

[0006] Traditionally, battery condition has been diagnosed by analyzing a battery profile, which indicates the relationship between battery capacity and voltage. For example, capacity and voltage are measured during the battery charging process, and the battery condition is diagnosed by analyzing the battery profile, which indicates the relationship between the measured capacity and voltage. Alternatively, battery condition can be diagnosed based on capacity and voltage measured during the battery discharge process.

[0007] Here, to more accurately diagnose the current state of the battery, a battery profile that accurately reflects the current state of the battery is required. However, obtaining such a battery profile requires a low-rate charge / discharge, such as 0.05C (C-rate). That is, because low-rate charge / discharge was previously required to diagnose the battery's condition, there were limitations in diagnosing the battery's condition. For example, since it takes approximately 20 hours to fully charge a battery at 0.05C, diagnosing the battery's condition using conventional low-rate charge / discharge methods requires a significant amount of time.

[0008] The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide an SOH estimation device and method for estimating the SOH of a battery using OCV.

[0009] Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood through the following description and will be more clearly understood through the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0010] An SOH estimation device according to one aspect of the present invention may include a profile acquisition unit configured to acquire OCV profiles for a plurality of OCVs of a battery measured at different points in time; a profile correction unit configured to adjust a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the OCV profile, thereby generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile; and a control unit configured to extract at least one of a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation end point for the battery from the adjusted positive electrode profile and a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode change rate for the battery from the reference positive electrode profile and the adjusted positive electrode profile, and to estimate a positive electrode SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

[0011] The above plurality of OCVs may be configured to include an OCV measured at a point in time when the battery transitions from an idle state to a discharged state and an OCV measured while a state in which the discharge current of the battery is lower than or equal to a preset threshold current is maintained for a preset reference time or longer.

[0012] The above plurality of OCVs may be configured to include a plurality of OCVs measured within a preset reference period.

[0013] The above reference period may be set as a period based on a preset target period, a period required for a preset number of OCVs to be measured, a period required for the SOH of the battery to decrease by a preset reference SOH, or a combination thereof.

[0014] The above profile correction unit may be configured to generate a comparison full-cell profile based on the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile, and to adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile until the generated comparison full-cell profile corresponds to the OCV profile, thereby generating the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile.

[0015] The above profile correction unit may be configured to determine a target capacity range corresponding to the OCV profile and compare the comparison full-cell profile and the OCV profile within the target capacity range.

[0016] The control unit may be configured to estimate the positive electrode SOH of the battery by comparing a preset reference value for the diagnostic factor with a value of the diagnostic factor.

[0017] The control unit may be configured to adjust the usage conditions for the battery based on the estimated positive SOH.

[0018] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may include an SOH estimation device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0019] A vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention may include an SOH estimation device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0020] A server according to another aspect of the present invention may include an SOH estimation device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for estimating SOH may include a profile acquisition step of acquiring OCV profiles for a plurality of OCVs of a battery measured at different points in time; a profile adjustment step of generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile by adjusting a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the OCV profile; a diagnostic factor extraction step of extracting at least one of a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation end point for the battery from the adjusted positive electrode profile and a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode change rate for the battery from the reference positive electrode profile and the adjusted positive electrode profile; and an SOH estimation step of estimating a positive electrode SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, the SOH estimation device has the advantage of being able to quickly estimate the SOH of a battery based on an OCV profile without limiting the use of the battery.

[0023] In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, the SOH estimation device has the advantage of being able to diagnose the state of the battery from various viewpoints based on the types of extractable diagnostic factors.

[0024] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

[0025] The following drawings attached to this specification serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention described below, and therefore the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the matters described in such drawings.

[0026] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an SOH estimation device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an OCV profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the measured OCV of a battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparative full-cell profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a comparative full-cell profile and OCV profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIGS. 7 to 14 are drawings for explaining a process in which a reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile are adjusted according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing an exemplary configuration of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically illustrating a SOH estimation method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted as meanings and concepts that conform to the technical spirit of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term to explain his or her own invention in the best possible manner.

[0037] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0038] In addition, when describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description is omitted.

[0039] Terms that include ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., are used to distinguish one of the various components from the rest, and are not used to limit the components by such terms.

[0040] Throughout the specification, whenever a part is said to "include" a component, this does not mean that it excludes other components, but rather that it may include other components, unless otherwise stated.

[0041] Additionally, throughout the specification, when we say that a part is "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where it is "directly connected" but also cases where it is "indirectly connected" with other elements in between.

[0042]

[0043] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0044] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a SOH (State of health) estimation device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 1, the SOH estimation device (100) may include a profile acquisition unit (110), a profile correction unit (120), and a control unit (130).

[0046] The profile acquisition unit (110) can be configured to acquire OCV profiles (Rocv) for multiple OCVs (Open circuit voltages) of the battery measured at different points in time.

[0047] Here, a battery refers to a physically separate, independent cell having a negative terminal and a positive terminal. For example, a lithium-ion battery or a lithium polymer battery may be considered a battery. Furthermore, the battery may be of a cylindrical type, a prismatic type, or a pouch type. Furthermore, a battery may also refer to a battery bank, a battery module, or a battery pack in which multiple cells are connected in series and / or parallel. For convenience of explanation, the term "battery" will be described herein below as referring to a single, independent cell.

[0048] Here, the OCV profile (Rocv) is a profile that represents the correspondence between the OCV and capacity of the battery. Specifically, the OCV of the battery can be measured at a point in time when a predetermined condition is satisfied. More specifically, the plurality of OCVs can be configured to include an OCV measured at the point in time when the battery transitions from an idle state to a discharged state, and an OCV measured while the discharge current of the battery is maintained below a preset threshold current for a preset reference time or longer.

[0049] First, the OCV of a battery can be measured when the battery transitions from a resting state to a discharged state. Here, the resting state refers to a stable state in which the battery is maintained in an unloaded state for a certain period of time. For example, if the battery is included in a car, the OCV of the battery can be measured when the ignition key is turned on after a certain period of time has been parked. Furthermore, the battery capacity can be determined based on the capacity at the time the ignition key is turned off.

[0050] Next, the OCV of the battery can be measured while the battery discharge current is below a preset threshold current and maintained for a preset reference time or longer. Here, a state in which the battery discharge current is below the threshold current means that the battery discharge amount can be ignored. In other words, if the battery is being discharged but the discharge amount is minimal, the measured battery voltage can be estimated as the OCV. This is because, if the battery discharge amount is negligible, the battery can be considered to be in a stable state even if it is being discharged for a preset time or longer. For example, if a battery is included in a vehicle and the vehicle is stopped for a preset time or longer, the battery may continuously discharge to supply power to the electrical components. However, the amount of battery discharge required to supply power to the electrical components is very minimal compared to the battery capacity. Therefore, even if the battery is actually being discharged, the battery voltage can be estimated as the OCV.

[0051] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an OCV profile (Rocv) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the OCV profile (Rocv) represents the correspondence between the OCV and the capacity of a battery in a capacity range of 10 (Ah) or more and 45 (Ah) or less. As previously explained, since the conditions under which the OCV can be measured are limited, the multiple OCVs included in the OCV profile (Rocv) may be discontinuous.

[0052] For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly receive an OCV profile (Rocv) from the outside. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire an OCV profile (Rocv) by receiving the OCV profile (Rocv) through a wired and / or wireless connection to the outside.

[0053] As another example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive battery information about the OCV (V) and capacity (Q) of the battery. Then, the profile acquisition unit (110) can generate an OCV profile (Rocv) based on the received battery information. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the OCV profile (Rocv) by directly generating the OCV profile (Rocv) based on the battery information.

[0054] The profile acquisition unit (110) may be connected to the profile correction unit (120) so as to be communicable. For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) may be connected to the profile correction unit (120) by wire and / or wirelessly. The profile acquisition unit may transmit the acquired OCV profile (Rocv) to the profile correction unit (120).

[0055] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate an adjusted anode profile and an adjusted cathode profile by adjusting a preset reference anode profile (Rp) and a reference cathode profile (Rn) to correspond to an OCV profile (Rocv).

[0056] The reference positive electrode profile (Rp) may be a profile indicating the correspondence between the capacity and OCV of a reference positive electrode cell preset to correspond to the positive electrode of a battery. For example, the reference positive electrode cell may be a positive coin half cell or a positive electrode of a three-electrode cell. In addition, the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) may be a profile indicating the correspondence between the capacity and OCV of a reference negative electrode cell preset to correspond to the negative electrode of a battery. For example, the reference negative electrode cell may be a negative coin half cell or a negative electrode of a three-electrode cell.

[0057] Specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) to correspond to the OCV profile (Rocv). More specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can generate an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile by adjusting the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile (S) from the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile. The profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) until the comparison full-cell profile (S) corresponds to the OCV profile (Rocv). Here, the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) may be different from the capacity range of the comparison full-cell profile (S). Therefore, the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) can be adjusted depending on whether the comparative full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv) correspond in the target capacity range (T).

[0058] For example, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a plurality of comparison full-cell profiles (S) by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn), and can specify a comparison full-cell profile (S) among the plurality of comparison full-cell profiles (S) that has the smallest error with the OCV profile (Rocv). In addition, an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to the specified comparison full-cell profile (S) can be determined.

[0059] In relation to this, a more specific embodiment in which the profile correction unit (120) determines the positive electrode profile of the battery by adjusting the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) to correspond to the OCV profile (Rocv) will be described later with reference to FIGS. 7 to 14.

[0060] The control unit (130) may be configured to extract at least one of a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode engagement end point for the battery from the adjusted positive electrode profile and a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode change rate for the battery from the reference positive electrode profile and the adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0061] For example, the control unit (130) can determine the anode participation end point (pf) in the adjusted anode profile. In addition, the control unit (130) can determine the potential value or SOC value corresponding to the anode participation end point (pf) in the adjusted anode profile as the value of the anode participation end point (pf).

[0062] As another example, the control unit (130) can determine the anode change ratio (ps), which is the change ratio [%] of the adjusted anode profile with respect to the reference anode profile.

[0063] The control unit (130) may be configured to estimate the positive SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors.

[0064] Specifically, the control unit (130) may be configured to estimate the positive SOH of the battery by comparing the value of the diagnostic factor with a preset reference value for the diagnostic factor.

[0065] Here, the preset reference value may be a value obtained in advance for a battery in the BOL (Beginning of Life) state. Preferably, the OCV profile (Rocv) for the battery in the BOL state may indicate a correspondence between the OCV and the capacity for the entire capacity range. The control unit (130) may determine a reference value corresponding to the extracted diagnostic factor from the OCV profile (Rocv) for the battery in the BOL state. That is, the reference value is a status value for the battery in the BOL state, and the diagnostic factor is a status value for the battery in the current state. Therefore, the control unit (130) may estimate the SOH of the battery based on the diagnostic factor indicating the current state of the battery and the reference value indicating the BOL state of the battery.

[0066] An SOH estimation device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can estimate the SOH of a battery based on the OCV of the battery measured under predetermined conditions. That is, according to the present invention, there is an advantage in that low-rate charge / discharge for SOH estimation is not forced.

[0067] For example, if a low-rate charge / discharge of 0.05C is required to estimate SOH, the battery may be restricted from use for approximately 20 hours. In contrast, the SOH estimation device (100) can estimate the SOH of the battery by only obtaining an OCV profile (Rocv) including multiple OCVs. In addition, the conditions under which the OCV is measured are conditions under which the use of the battery is not forcibly restricted. Therefore, the SOH estimation device (100) can quickly estimate the SOH of the battery based on the OCV profile (Rocv) without restricting the use of the battery, and thus has the advantage of solving the conventional problem of having to excessively restrict the use of the battery to estimate the SOH.

[0068]

[0069] Meanwhile, the control unit (130) provided in the SOH estimation device (100) may optionally include a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, a register, a communication modem, a data processing device, etc. known in the art to execute various control logics performed in the present invention. In addition, when the control logic is implemented in software, the control unit (130) may be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program modules may be stored in a memory and executed by the control unit (130). The memory may be located inside or outside the control unit (130) and may be connected to the control unit (130) by various well-known means.

[0070] In addition, the SOH estimation device (100) may further include a storage unit (140). The storage unit (140) may store data or programs required for each component of the SOH estimation device (100) to perform operations and functions, or data generated in the process of performing operations and functions. The storage unit (140) is not particularly limited in type as long as it is a known information storage means known to be capable of recording, erasing, updating, and reading data. As an example, the information storage means may include RAM, flash memory, ROM, EEPROM, registers, etc. In addition, the storage unit (140) may store program codes defining processes executable by the control unit (130).

[0071] For example, the storage unit (140) can store an OCV profile (Rocv), a reference anode profile (Rp), a reference cathode profile (Rn), an adjusted anode profile, an adjusted cathode profile, and diagnostic factors.

[0072]

[0073] The multiple OCVs can be configured to include multiple OCVs measured within a preset reference period.

[0074] Specifically, OCV measurement conditions may be limited. That is, the times at which multiple OCVs are measured may be aperiodic. For example, suppose a car is started only once a day, and the stopping time during operation is less than a reference time. In this case, since OCV is measured only when the car is started, only one OCV may be measured per day. Therefore, the multiple OCVs included in an OCV profile (Rocv) may be measured with a time difference of one day.

[0075] Considering these OCV measurement conditions, grouping conditions for multiple OCVs used to estimate the SOH of a battery are necessary. That is, if the SOH of a battery is estimated using multiple OCVs acquired over an excessively long period of time, the battery may deteriorate further during that period, resulting in inaccurate estimated SOH. Therefore, the OCV profile (Rocv) may only include multiple OCVs measured within a preset reference period. Preferably, the reference period may be experimentally or theoretically established, or may be established by considering the operating pattern (e.g., driving pattern or charge / discharge pattern) of the battery.

[0076] In one embodiment, the reference period may be set to a preset target period. For example, the OCV profile (Rocv) may include multiple OCVs measured within the last two weeks. Therefore, the SOH estimated based on the OCV profile (Rocv) that includes only multiple OCVs measured within the reference period may well reflect the current state of the battery.

[0077] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the measured OCV of a battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first to fifth periods (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5) may be shorter than a preset reference period. Accordingly, the SOH estimation device (100) can continuously diagnose the state of the battery by estimating the SOH of the battery based on the OCV profile (Rocv) for each of the first to fifth periods (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5).

[0079] In another embodiment, the reference period may be set to the period of time required for a preset number of OCVs to be measured. For example, the number of OCVs measured is proportional to the clarity or accuracy of the OCV profile (Rocv). That is, the greater the number of measured OCVs, the clearer the OCV profile (Rocv), so that the results of adjusting the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) can better reflect the current state of the battery. Accordingly, the period of time required for a preset number of non-overlapping OCVs (e.g., 30) to be measured may be preset as the reference period.

[0080] In another embodiment, the reference period may be set to a period of time required for the SOH of the battery to decrease by a preset reference SOH. For example, when the frequency of OCV measurement is low, there is a problem that multiple OCVs included in the OCV profile (Rocv) are measured at different SOHs. In this case, a problem arises that the results of adjusting the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) based on the OCV profile (Rocv) reflect the past state of the battery. Therefore, the period of time required for the SOH of the battery to decrease by a preset reference SOH (e.g., 0.1%) may be preset as the reference period.

[0081] In another embodiment, the reference period may be set to the shortest period among a preset target period, a period of time required for a preset number of OCVs to be measured, and a period of time required for the SOH of the battery to decrease by a preset reference SOH.

[0082] Although the above describes a limited embodiment of a reference period, it should be noted that the reference period for generating an appropriate OCV profile (Rocv) used to diagnose the current state of the battery can be set by taking into account various aspects.

[0083] The SOH estimation device (100) according to the present invention has the advantage of being able to estimate the SOH of a battery more accurately by limiting the measurement time points of multiple OCVs used for SOH estimation.

[0084]

[0085] Below, an embodiment in which the profile correction unit (120) adjusts the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) is specifically described.

[0086] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate a comparison full-cell profile (S) based on a reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and a reference negative electrode profile (Rn).

[0087] Specifically, a comparison full-cell profile (S) can be generated based on the voltage difference (specifically, the OCV difference) for each capacity between the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn). For example, it is assumed that the voltage of the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) corresponding to any capacity x is Vp, and the voltage of the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) is Vn. The voltage of the comparison full-cell profile (S) corresponding to the capacity X can be calculated as "Vp-Vn". The profile correction unit (120) can generate the comparison full-cell profile (S) by calculating the voltage difference between the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) for the entire capacity.

[0088] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and a reference negative electrode profile (Rn) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparative full-cell profile (S) according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiments of Figs. 4 and 5, the comparative full-cell profile (S) can be generated based on the voltage difference by capacity between the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn).

[0089] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to generate an adjusted anode profile and an adjusted cathode profile by adjusting the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) until the generated comparison full-cell profile (S) corresponds to the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0090] Specifically, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the error between the comparative full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv). Then, the profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) until the error between the comparative full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv) becomes minimal. When the comparative full-cell profile (S) that minimizes the error with the OCV profile (Rocv) is determined, the adjusted positive profile and the adjusted negative profile, which are the basis of the determined comparative full-cell profile (S), can be estimated as the positive profile and the negative profile representing the current state of the battery. With the current technology, there is a problem in that the positive profile and the negative profile representing the current state of the battery cannot be directly obtained without directly disassembling the battery. Therefore, the adjusted positive profile and the adjusted negative profile, which are the basis of the comparative full-cell profile (S) determined through the adjustment process, can be strongly estimated as the positive profile and the negative profile reflecting the current state of the battery.

[0091] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparative full-cell profile (S) and an OCV profile (Rocv) according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate an error between the comparative full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv) based on the voltage difference by capacity of the two profiles. In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can determine the comparative full-cell profile (S) in which the calculated error is minimized.

[0092] Preferably, the profile correction unit (120) may be configured to determine a target capacity range (T) corresponding to the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0093] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, since the plurality of OCVs included in the OCV profile (Rocv) are measured non-periodically, the correspondence between the OCV and the capacity can only appear in the target capacity range (T). That is, the target capacity range (T) is the capacity range of the OCV profile (Rocv). Therefore, the profile correction unit (120) can first determine the target capacity range (T) based on the OCV profile (Rocv). For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the target capacity range (T) may be determined as a capacity range of 10 [Ah] or more and 45 [Ah] or less.

[0094] The profile correction unit (120) can be configured to compare the comparison full cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv) in the target capacity range (T).

[0095] Specifically, since the comparative full-cell profile (S) is generated based on the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn), it can represent the correspondence between voltage and capacity for the entire capacity range. In contrast, the OCV profile (Rocv) represents the correspondence between OCV and capacity for the target capacity range (T). Therefore, the profile correction unit (120) can compare the two profiles only for the target capacity range (T), which is the common capacity range of the comparative full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0096] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the profile correction unit (120) can compare the comparison full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv) within the target capacity range (T). Then, the profile correction unit (120) can further adjust the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) based on the comparison result.

[0097]

[0098] Below, the diagnostic factors that the control unit (130) can select from the adjustable positive profile and / or the adjustable negative profile are specifically described.

[0099] The control unit (130) may be configured to extract at least one of a positive factor based on the adjusted positive profile and a negative factor based on the adjusted negative profile as a diagnostic factor.

[0100] Here, the adjusted positive electrode profile is the result of adjusting the reference positive electrode profile (Rp), and the adjusted negative electrode profile is the result of adjusting the reference negative electrode profile (Rn). Specifically, as described above, the profile correction unit (120) can adjust the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) so that the comparison full-cell profile (S) corresponds to the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0101] The positive factor may be configured to include at least one of a positive engagement start point (pi), a positive engagement end point (pf), and a positive change rate (ps) of the battery based on the adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0102] The positive electrode participation start point (pi) may be a point corresponding to the starting capacity (lower limit capacity) of the target capacity range (T) in the adjusted positive electrode profile. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the starting capacity of the target capacity range (T) is 10 (Ah), so the point where the capacity value is 10 (Ah) in the adjusted positive electrode profile may be the positive electrode participation start point (pi). In addition, the value of the positive electrode participation start point (pi) may be a potential value or a State of Charge (SOC) value corresponding to the positive electrode participation start point (pi) in the adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0103] The positive electrode participation end point (pf) may be a point corresponding to the end capacity (upper capacity) of the target capacity range (T) in the adjusted positive electrode profile. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the end capacity of the target capacity range (T) is 45 (Ah), so the point where the capacity value is 45 (Ah) in the adjusted positive electrode profile may be the positive electrode participation end point (pf). In addition, the value of the positive electrode participation end point (pf) may be a potential value or SOC value corresponding to the positive electrode participation end point (pf) in the adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0104] The anode change ratio (ps) may refer to the change ratio [%] of the adjusted anode profile with respect to the reference anode profile (Rp). Specifically, the anode change ratio (ps) may be a contraction ratio or expansion ratio of the adjusted anode profile with respect to the reference anode profile (Rp). For example, if the adjusted anode profile is contracted by 10% from the reference anode profile (Rp), the anode change ratio (ps) is 90%. Conversely, if the adjusted anode profile is expanded by 10% from the reference anode profile (Rp), the anode change ratio (ps) is 110%.

[0105] The negative factor may be configured to include at least one of a negative engagement initiation point (ni), a negative engagement end point (nf), and a negative change rate (ns) of the battery based on the adjusted negative profile.

[0106] The negative electrode participation start point (ni) may be a point corresponding to the starting capacity (lower limit capacity) of the target capacity range (T) in the adjusted negative electrode profile. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the starting capacity of the target capacity range (T) is 10 (Ah), so the point where the capacity value is 10 (Ah) in the adjusted negative electrode profile may be the negative electrode participation start point (ni). In addition, the value of the negative electrode participation start point (ni) may be a potential value or SOC value corresponding to the negative electrode participation start point (ni) in the adjusted negative electrode profile.

[0107] The negative participation end point (nf) may be a point corresponding to the end capacity (upper limit capacity) of the target capacity range (T) in the adjusted negative profile. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the end capacity of the target capacity range (T) is 45 (Ah), so the point where the capacity value is 45 (Ah) in the adjusted negative profile may be the negative participation end point (nf). In addition, the value of the negative participation end point (nf) may be a potential value or SOC value corresponding to the negative participation end point (nf) in the adjusted negative profile.

[0108] The cathode change ratio (ns) may refer to the change ratio [%] of the adjusted cathode profile with respect to the reference cathode profile (Rn). Specifically, the cathode change ratio (ns) may be a shrinkage ratio or an expansion ratio of the adjusted cathode profile with respect to the reference cathode profile (Rn). For example, if the adjusted cathode profile is contracted by 10% from the reference cathode profile (Rn), the cathode change ratio (ns) is 90%. Conversely, if the adjusted cathode profile is expanded by 10% from the reference cathode profile (Rn), the cathode change ratio (ns) is 110%.

[0109]

[0110] The control unit (130) may be configured to estimate at least one of the positive electrode SOH, the negative electrode SOH, the available lithium SOH, and the capacity SOH for the battery depending on the type of the diagnostic factor. Hereinafter, it will be explained that the values ​​of the positive electrode participation start point (pi) and the positive electrode participation end point (pf) refer to the corresponding SOC in the adjusted positive electrode profile, and the values ​​of the negative electrode participation start point (ni) and the negative electrode participation end point (nf) refer to the corresponding SOC in the adjusted negative electrode profile.

[0111] The positive electrode SOH (SOH) indicates the degree of degradation of the battery's positive electrode. In other words, the positive electrode SOH is an indicator of the degree of degradation of the battery's positive electrode. As the battery deteriorates, the positive electrode reaction area decreases due to side reactions and other reasons, which may reduce the positive electrode capacity involved in the reaction. Therefore, the control unit (130) can estimate the degree of degradation associated with the loss of positive electrode capacity by calculating the positive electrode SOH.

[0112] Specifically, when the control unit (130) extracts the bipolar participation end point (pf) as a diagnostic factor, it can calculate the bipolar SOH using Equation 1 or Equation 2 below.

[0113] [Formula 1]

[0114]

[0115] Here, SOH P is a positive SOH, and pf MOL is the value of the positive engagement end point corresponding to the current state of the battery, and pf BOL is the value of the positive end point corresponding to the battery in BOL state, and pi BOL is the value of the positive electrode participation initiation point corresponding to the battery in BOL state. Here, pf BOL , pi BOL and pf MOL may be the SOC value corresponding to the corresponding point.

[0116] [Formula 2]

[0117]

[0118] Here, nf BOL is the value of the negative participation end point corresponding to the battery in BOL state, and ni BOL is the value of the negative electrode participation initiation point corresponding to the battery in BOL state. Here, ni BOL and nf MOL may be the SOC value corresponding to the corresponding point.

[0119] For example, pi BOL and pfBOL When set based on the anode capacity of this BOL state, ni BOL and nf BOL It can also be set based on the anode capacity of the BOL state. As another example, pi BOL and pf BOL When set based on the negative capacitance of this BOL state, ni BOL and nf BOL It can also be set based on the negative electrode capacity in the BOL state, i.e., pi BOL , pf BOL , ni BOL and nf BOL The reference capacity (positive electrode capacity or negative electrode capacity in BOL state) that serves as the basis for calculation may be the same. Therefore, referring to Equations 1 and 2, "pf BOL -pi BOL " is "nf BOL -ni BOL " can be replaced with.

[0120] In addition, when the control unit (130) extracts the bipolar change rate (ps) as a diagnostic factor, it can calculate the bipolar SOH using the following equation 3.

[0121] [Formula 3]

[0122]

[0123] Here, ps BOL is the positive charge change rate corresponding to the battery in BOL state, and ps MOL is the positive change rate corresponding to the current state of the battery. Specifically, ps BOL means the change ratio of the reference anode profile (Rp) to the initial anode profile. Here, if the initial anode profile and the reference anode profile (Rp) are the same, ps BOL can be 1 or 100%. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the initial anode profile and the reference anode profile (Rp) are described as being the same. And, ps MOLmeans the change ratio of the adjusted bipolar profile with respect to the reference bipolar profile (Rp).

[0124] The negative electrode SOH indicates the degree of degradation of the battery's negative electrode. In other words, the negative electrode SOH is an indicator of the degree of degradation of the battery's negative electrode. Similar to the positive electrode capacity loss, as the battery deteriorates, the negative electrode reaction area decreases due to side reactions and other reasons, which may reduce the negative electrode capacity participating in the reaction. Therefore, the control unit (130) can estimate the degree of degradation associated with the negative electrode capacity loss by calculating the negative electrode SOH.

[0125] Specifically, when the control unit (130) extracts the cathode change rate (ns) as a diagnostic factor, the cathode SOH can be calculated using the following equation 4.

[0126] [Formula 4]

[0127]

[0128] Here, SOH N is the negative SOH, and ns BOL is the negative change rate corresponding to the battery in BOL state, and ns MOL is the negative change rate corresponding to the current state of the battery. Specifically, ns BOL means the change ratio of the reference cathode profile (Rn) to the initial cathode profile. Here, if the initial cathode profile and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same, pn BOL can be 1 or 100%. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the initial cathode profile and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are described as being the same. And, ps MOL means the change ratio of the adjusted cathode profile with respect to the reference cathode profile (Rn).

[0129] The available lithium SOH indicates the degree of degradation of the available lithium in the battery. In other words, the available lithium SOH is an indicator of the degree of degradation of lithium ions participating in the reaction. When lithium plating occurs, lithium metal may be deposited on the surface of the negative electrode. As the lithium plating phenomenon progresses, the amount of lithium metal deposited increases, and thus the number of lithium ions participating in the reaction may decrease. Therefore, the control unit (130) can estimate the degree of degradation of the number of lithium ions participating in the reaction compared to the initial number by calculating the available lithium SOH.

[0130] Specifically, when the control unit (130) extracts the positive electrode participation start point (pi) as a diagnostic factor, the available lithium SOH can be calculated using Equation 5 or Equation 6 below.

[0131] [Formula 5]

[0132]

[0133] [Formula 6]

[0134]

[0135] Here, SOH Li is the available lithium SOH. pi MOL is the value of the positive charge starting point corresponding to the current state of the battery. Here, pi MOL can be the SOC value corresponding to the corresponding point. And, as with Equations 1 and 2, referring to Equations 5 and 6, "pf BOL -pi BOL " is "nf BOL -ni BOL " can be replaced with.

[0136] The SOH (Survivable Ohm) capacity indicates the degree of battery capacity degradation. In other words, the SOH is an indicator of the degree of degradation relative to the battery's initial capacity compared to its current available capacity. As a battery deteriorates, its available capacity naturally decreases. Therefore, the control unit (130) can estimate the degree of degradation relative to the initial capacity by calculating the SOH.

[0137] Specifically, when the control unit (130) extracts the positive participation end point (pf) and the positive participation start point (pi) as diagnostic factors, the capacity SOH can be calculated using the following equation 7.

[0138] [Formula 7]

[0139]

[0140] Here, SOH Q is the capacity SOH. pf BOL , pi BOL , pf MOL and pi MOL is as explained above. And, "pf BOL -pi BOL " is "nf BOL -ni BOL " can be replaced with.

[0141] In addition, when the control unit (130) extracts the negative participation end point (nf) and the negative participation start point (ni) as diagnostic factors, the capacity SOH can be calculated using the following equation 8.

[0142] [Formula 8]

[0143]

[0144] Here, SOH Q is the capacity SOH, and nf MOL is the value of the negative participation end point corresponding to the current state of the battery, and ni MOL is the value of the negative electrode participation initiation point corresponding to the current state of the battery. That is, referring to Equations 7 and 8, "pf BOL -piBOL " is "nf BOL -ni BOL " can be replaced with "pf MOL -pi MOL " is "nf MOL -ni MOL " can be replaced with.

[0145] In the above, the control unit (130) is a bipolar SOH (SOH P ), cathode SOH (SOH N ), available lithium SOH (SOH Li ) and capacity SOH (SOH Q ) has been described. However, the control unit (130) may also estimate the positive electrode degradation rate, negative electrode degradation rate, available lithium degradation rate, and capacity degradation rate by calculating the complement of 1 (or 100%) of SOH. For example, the control unit (130) may estimate the positive electrode degradation rate by calculating “1-positive electrode SOH.”

[0146]

[0147] An SOH estimation device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can estimate the SOH of a battery in various aspects based on extracted diagnostic factors. For example, since the positive electrode SOH, negative electrode SOH, available lithium SOH, and capacity SOH can be estimated based on the extracted diagnostic factors, the degradation level of each item of the battery can be specifically diagnosed.

[0148]

[0149] The control unit (130) may be configured to adjust the usage conditions for the battery based on the estimated SOH.

[0150] Specifically, the control unit (130) may adjust the available SOC range for the battery based on the estimated SOH. For example, the control unit (130) may decrease the upper limit of the available SOC range for the battery. As another example, the control unit (130) may increase the lower limit of the available SOC range for the battery. As yet another example, the control unit (130) may decrease the upper limit of the available SOC range for the battery and increase the lower limit of the available SOC range.

[0151] By adjusting the available SOC range, the loss of positive and negative electrode reaction areas can be prevented. Furthermore, since the loss of available lithium is prevented, the precipitation of lithium metal can be prevented. Furthermore, gas generation within the battery can be suppressed.

[0152]

[0153] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 7 to 14, an embodiment in which the profile correction unit (120) adjusts the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) will be described in more detail.

[0154] FIGS. 7 to 14 are drawings for explaining a process in which a reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and a reference negative electrode profile (Rn) are adjusted according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0155] Fig. 7 is a graph for reference in explaining an example of each of a reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and a reference negative electrode profile (Rn). In the graph of Fig. 7, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents capacity (Ah) and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents voltage (V).

[0156] Fig. 8 is a graph used as a reference to explain an example of an OCV profile (Rocv) of a target battery. In the graph of Fig. 8, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents capacity (Ah) and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents voltage (V). Referring to Fig. 8, it is assumed that the target capacity range (T) is a capacity range of 5 (Ah) or more and 45 (Ah) or less.

[0157] The profile correction unit (120) may be configured to compare the OCV profile (Rocv) with at least one comparison full-cell profile. Here, the comparison full-cell profile may be a result of synthesizing (combining) an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile based on each of the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) stored in the storage unit (140).

[0158] That is, when the reference full-cell profile (R) is the result of subtracting a portion of the reference cathode profile (Rn) from a portion of the reference anode profile (Rp), the comparison full-cell profile can be said to be the result of subtracting a portion of the adjusted cathode profile from a portion of the adjusted anode profile.

[0159] The profile correction unit (120) can generate at least one comparative full-cell profile by directly adjusting the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). Alternatively, the at least one comparative full-cell profile can be secured in advance based on the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) and stored in the storage unit (140). In this case, the profile correction unit (120) can also obtain the comparative full-cell profile by accessing the storage unit (140) and reading it.

[0160] The profile correction unit (120) can generate multiple comparison full-cell profiles from the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) by repeating the adjustment procedure of adjusting each of the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) to several levels and then synthesizing them. The comparison full-cell profile may also be referred to as an 'adjusted reference full-cell profile'.

[0161] The profile correction unit (120) can specify one comparison full-cell profile among a plurality of comparison full-cell profiles that has the smallest error with the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0162] Next, the profile correction unit (120) can determine that the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile mapped to the specified comparison full-cell profile are the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile of the battery. In the following, it is noted that the positive electrode profile is the finally determined adjusted positive electrode profile, and the negative electrode profile is the finally determined adjusted positive electrode profile.

[0163] In this regard, various methods known at the time of filing of the present invention can be employed to determine the error between two profiles, each expressible in a two-dimensional coordinate system. For example, the absolute integral of the area between the two profiles or the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) can be used as the error between the two profiles.

[0164] According to this configuration of the present invention, various state information about the battery can be obtained based on the finally determined positive and negative electrode profiles. The finally determined positive and negative electrode profiles may be mapped to a comparative full-cell profile mapped with a minimum error. In particular, the comparative full-cell profile based on the finally determined positive and negative electrode profiles can be said to be nearly identical in terms of the OCV profile (Rocv) and the shape, etc.

[0165] Therefore, according to the present invention, the positive electrode profile and negative electrode profile of the battery can be obtained without disassembling the battery.

[0166] If the battery is a new battery, the positive and negative profiles of the battery can be analyzed to more easily diagnose whether the battery is defective and, if so, what type of defect it is.

[0167] If the battery is in use after being verified as good, the battery's positive and negative profiles can be used to determine the extent of battery degradation for each degradation item.

[0168] Moreover, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile of the battery can be obtained in a simple manner. The present invention can be implemented even if only one reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and one reference negative electrode profile (Rn) are stored in the storage unit (140). That is, there is no need to store multiple reference positive electrode profiles (Rp) and / or multiple reference negative electrode profiles (Rn) in the storage unit (140). Accordingly, there is no need for the storage capacity of the storage unit (140) to be high, and there is no need to conduct numerous preliminary tests required to secure multiple reference positive electrode profiles (Rp) and / or multiple reference negative electrode profiles (Rn).

[0169]

[0170] FIGS. 9 to 11 are drawings for reference in explaining an example of a procedure for generating a comparison full-cell profile used for comparison with an OCV profile (Rocv) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0171] The procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11, proceeds in the following order: a first routine (see FIG. 9) for setting four points (positive engagement start point, positive engagement end point, negative engagement start point, negative engagement end point) to correspond to a voltage range of interest; a second routine (see FIG. 10) for performing profile shifting; and a third routine (see FIG. 11) for performing capacity scaling. That is, the procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the first to third routines.

[0172] First, referring to FIG. 9, the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same as those shown in FIG. 7.

[0173] The profile correction unit (120) determines the positive participation start point (pi), the positive participation end point (pf), the negative participation start point (ni), and the negative participation end point (nf) on the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn).

[0174] Either the positive engagement initiation point (pi) or the negative engagement initiation point (ni) depends on the other.

[0175] For example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the anode voltage range from the starting point to the ending point (or the second set voltage) of the reference anode profile (Rp) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections, and then set the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as anode participation start point (pi). Each micro-voltage section may have a predetermined size (e.g., 0.01 V). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the reference cathode profile (Rn) that is smaller than the anode participation start point (pi) by the first set voltage (e.g., 3 V) as a cathode participation start point (ni).

[0176] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference negative profile (Rn) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the negative participation start point (ni). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is greater than the negative participation start point (ni) by a first set voltage from the reference positive profile (Rp), and set the searched point as the positive participation start point (pi).

[0177] Either the positive engagement end point (pf) or the negative engagement end point (nf) depends on the other.

[0178] For example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the positive electrode participation end point (pf). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may set the point on the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) that is smaller by the second set voltage (e.g., 4 V) than the positive electrode participation end point (pf) as the negative electrode participation end point (nf).

[0179] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference negative profile (Rn) into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as a negative participation end point (nf). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point from the reference positive profile (Rp) that is larger by a second set voltage than the negative participation end point (nf), and set the searched point as the positive participation end point (pf).

[0180] Once the determination of the positive participation start point (pi), positive participation end point (pf), negative participation start point (ni), and negative participation end point (nf) is completed, the profile correction unit (120) shifts at least one of the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) to the left or right along the horizontal axis.

[0181] Referring to FIG. 10, the profile correction unit (120) can shift the reference anode profile (Rp) and / or the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the capacitance values ​​of the anode participation start point (pi) and the cathode participation start point (ni) match.

[0182] Alternatively, the profile correction unit (120) can shift the reference anode profile (Rp) and / or the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the voltages of the anode participation end point (pf) and the cathode participation end point (nf) match.

[0183] Figure 10 illustrates a situation where only the reference anode profile (Rp) is shifted to the left to generate an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'), resulting in the voltage of the anode engagement initiation point (pi') matching the voltage of the cathode engagement initiation point (ni). The adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') is the result of applying an adjustment procedure to the reference anode profile (Rp) that shifts to the left by the voltage difference between the anode engagement initiation point (pi) and the cathode engagement initiation point (ni). Therefore, the two points (pi, pi') differ only in capacitance and have the same voltage. The two points (pf, pf') differ only in capacitance and have the same voltage.

[0184] When the adjustment result profiles (Rp', Rn) in which at least one of the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) is shifted are secured, the profile correction unit (120) scales the capacity range of at least one of the adjustment result profiles (Rp', Rn).

[0185] According to the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the profile correction unit (120) performs an additional adjustment procedure to contract or expand at least one of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the reference cathode profile (Rn) along the horizontal axis.

[0186] Referring to FIG. 11, the profile correction unit (120) can generate an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') by shrinking or expanding the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') so that the size of the capacity range between two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') matches the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv). At this time, one of the two points (pi', pf') can be fixed. Accordingly, the capacity difference between the two points (pi', pf'') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') can match the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0187] In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can generate an adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') by shrinking or expanding the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the size of the capacity range between two points (ni, nf) of the reference cathode profile (Rn) matches the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv). At this time, one of the two points (ni, nf) can be fixed. Accordingly, the capacity difference between the two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') can match the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0188] In Fig. 11, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') is a result of shrinking the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') shown in Fig. 8, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') is a result of expanding the reference cathode profile (Rn) shown in Fig. 10.

[0189] The positive participation endpoint (pf'') on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'') corresponds to the positive participation endpoint (pf) on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'). The negative participation endpoint (nf') on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') corresponds to the negative participation endpoint (nf) on the reference negative profile (Rn).

[0190] The capacity difference between the positive engagement start point (pi') and the positive engagement end point (pf'') of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'') corresponds to the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv). Similarly, the capacity difference between the negative engagement start point (ni) and the negative engagement end point (nf') of the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') corresponds to the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv).

[0191] In addition, the capacity range by two points (pi', pf'') of the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp'') matches the capacity range by two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn'). The profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile (S) by subtracting the profile between the two points (pi, pf') of the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp'') from the profile between the two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn').

[0192] The profile correction unit (120) can calculate the error (profile error) between the comparison full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv). When the error between the comparison full-cell profile (S) and the OCV profile (Rocv) is minimized, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') corresponding to the comparison full-cell profile (S) can be determined as the adjusted anode profile, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') can be determined as the adjusted cathode profile.

[0193] The profile correction unit (120) can record in the storage unit (140) at least two of the adjusted reference positive electrode profile (Rp''), the adjusted reference negative electrode profile (Rn'), the positive electrode participation start point (pi'), the positive electrode participation end point (pf''), the negative electrode participation start point (ni), the negative electrode participation end point (nf'), the first scale factor, the second scale factor, the comparative full-cell profile (S), and the profile error by mutually mapping them. The first scale factor can represent a ratio of the capacity difference between two points (pi', pf'') to the capacity difference between two points (pi0, pf0). The second scale factor can represent a ratio of the capacity difference between two points (ni, nf') to the capacity difference between two points (ni0, nf0).

[0194] Here, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the positive change ratio (ps) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'') with respect to the reference positive profile (Rp). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the negative change ratio (ns) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rn') with respect to the reference negative profile (Rn). For example, the profile correction unit (120) can determine the first scale factor as the positive change ratio (ps) and the second scale factor as the negative change ratio (ns).

[0195]

[0196] Meanwhile, as described above, when the anode voltage range of the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into a plurality of micro-voltage sections, the boundary points of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections can be set as the anode participation start point (pi).

[0197] For example, if the anode voltage range of the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into 100 microvoltage ranges, there may be 100 boundary points that can be set as anode participation start points (pi). Furthermore, if the voltage range that is higher than the second set voltage in the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into 40 microvoltage ranges, there may be 40 boundary points that can be set as anode participation end points (pf). In this case, up to 4,000 different comparison full-cell profiles can be generated.

[0198] Of course, those skilled in the art will easily understand that as the size of the micro-voltage section decreases, the number of comparative full-cell profiles that can be generated at maximum increases, and conversely, as the size of the micro-voltage section increases, the number of comparative full-cell profiles that can be generated at maximum decreases.

[0199] The profile correction unit (120) can identify the minimum value among the profile errors of the plurality of comparative full-cell profiles generated as described above, and then obtain information mapped to the minimum profile error (e.g., at least one of the positive participation start point (pi), positive participation end point (pf), negative participation start point (ni), negative participation end point (nf), positive change rate (ps), and negative change rate (ns)) from the storage unit (140).

[0200]

[0201] FIGS. 12 to 14 are diagrams for reference in explaining another example of a procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile used for comparison with an OCV profile (Rocv) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that the embodiments according to FIGS. 12 to 14 are independent from the embodiments according to FIGS. 9 to 11. Therefore, terms or symbols commonly described in describing the embodiments according to FIGS. 9 to 11 and the embodiments according to FIGS. 12 to 14 should be understood as being limited to each embodiment.

[0202] The procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14, proceeds in the following order: a fourth routine for performing capacity scaling (see FIG. 12), a fifth routine for setting four points (positive participation start point, positive participation end point, negative participation start point, negative participation end point), and a sixth routine for performing profile shifting (see FIG. 14). That is, the procedure for generating a comparative full-cell profile according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the fourth to sixth routines.

[0203] Referring to Fig. 12, the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same as those shown in Fig. 7.

[0204] The profile correction unit (120) applies a first scale factor and a second scale factor selected from a scaling value range to the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn), respectively, to generate an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and an adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn').

[0205] The scaling value range may be predetermined or may vary depending on the ratio of the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) to the size of the capacity range of the reference full-cell profile (R). For example, when values ​​spaced by 0.1% of the scaling value range (e.g., 90-99%) (i.e., 90%, 90.1%, 90.2%, … 98.9%, 99%) can be selected as the first scale factor and the second scale factor, 91 values ​​can be selected as the first scale factor and the second scale factor, respectively. In this case, a maximum of 8,281 adjusted profile pairs can be generated according to 91×91=8,281 adjustment levels (combinations of the first scale factor and the second scale factor). An adjusted profile pair means a combination of an adjusted reference positive electrode profile and an adjusted reference negative electrode profile.

[0206] The adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') illustrated in FIG. 12 illustrate the results of applying a first scale factor and a second scale factor, each less than 100%, to the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn), respectively.

[0207] Since the first scale factor and the second scale factor are less than 100%, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') is the reference anode profile (Rp) shrunk along the horizontal axis, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') is also the reference cathode profile (Rn) shrunk along the horizontal axis. To facilitate understanding, the starting points of each of the anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are fixed, and only the remaining portion is shrunk to the left along the horizontal axis.

[0208]

[0209] Referring to FIG. 13, the profile correction unit (120) determines the positive participation start point (pi'), the positive participation end point (pf'), the negative participation start point (ni'), and the negative participation end point (nf') on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn').

[0210] Either the positive engagement start point (pi') or the negative engagement start point (ni') may depend on the other. Furthermore, either the positive engagement end point (pf') or the negative engagement end point (nf') may depend on the other. Furthermore, either the positive engagement start point (pi') or the positive engagement end point (pf') may be set based on the other.

[0211] That is, when any one of the positive engagement start point (pi'), positive engagement end point (pf'), negative engagement start point (ni') and negative engagement end point (nf') is set, the remaining three points can be automatically set by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the first set voltage, the second set voltage and / or the OCV profile (Rocv) (e.g., a charge capacity of 0 to 100% of the capacity value).

[0212] For example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the anode voltage range from the starting point to the ending point (or the second set voltage) of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the anode participation start point (pi'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may set the point on the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn) that is smaller by the first set voltage (e.g., 3 V) than the anode participation start point (pi') as the cathode participation start point (ni').

[0213] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as a negative participation start point (ni'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point from the reference positive profile (Rp) that is larger by a first set voltage than the negative participation start point (ni'), and set the searched point as the positive participation start point (pi').

[0214] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as the positive participation end point (pf'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point in the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that is smaller than the positive participation end point (pf') by the second set voltage (e.g., 4 V), and set the searched point as the negative participation end point (nf').

[0215] As another example, the profile correction unit (120) may divide the negative voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') into a plurality of micro-voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then set the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections as a negative participation end point (nf'). Then, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is larger than the negative participation end point (nf') by a second set voltage from the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'), and set the searched point as the positive participation end point (pf').

[0216]

[0217] The profile correction unit (120) can additionally determine the remaining three points based on the determined point when one of the positive participation start point (pi'), positive participation end point (pf'), negative participation start point (ni'), and negative participation end point (nf') is determined.

[0218] For example, if the positive participation start point (pi') is first determined, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') that has a capacity value greater than the capacity value of the positive participation start point (pi') by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) as the positive participation end point (pf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point lower than the positive participation start point (pi') by a first set voltage from the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') and set the searched point as the negative participation start point (ni'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that has a capacity value greater than the capacity value of the negative participation start point (ni') by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) as the negative participation end point (nf').

[0219] As another example, when the positive participation end point (pf') is first determined, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) than the capacity value of the positive participation end point (pf') as the positive participation start point (pi'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is lower by a second set voltage than the positive participation end point (pf') from the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') and set the searched point as the negative participation end point (nf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) than the capacity value of the negative participation end point (nf') as the negative participation start point (ni').

[0220] As another example, when the negative participation start point (ni') is determined, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that has a capacity value that is greater than the capacity value of the negative participation start point (ni') by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) as the negative participation end point (nf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is higher than the negative participation start point (ni') by the first set voltage from the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and set the searched point as the positive participation start point (pi'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') that has a capacity value that is greater than the capacity value of the positive participation start point (pi') by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) as the positive participation end point (pf').

[0221] As another example, when the negative participation end point (nf') is determined, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) than the capacity value of the negative participation end point (nf') as the negative participation start point (ni'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may search for a point that is higher by a second set voltage than the negative participation end point (nf') from the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and set the searched point as the positive participation end point (pf'). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) may set a point on the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') that has a capacity value that is smaller by the size of the target capacity range (T) of the OCV profile (Rocv) than the capacity value of the positive participation end point (pf') as the positive participation start point (pi').

[0222]

[0223] When the determination of the positive participation start point (pi'), the positive participation end point (pf'), the negative participation start point (ni'), and the negative participation end point (nf') is completed based on the pair of the first scale factor and the second scale factor, the profile correction unit (120) can shift at least one of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn') along the horizontal axis so that the capacity values ​​of the positive participation start point (pi') and the negative participation start point (ni') match, or so that the capacity values ​​of the positive participation end point (pf') and the negative participation end point (nf') match.

[0224] The adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'') illustrated in Fig. 14 is only the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') illustrated in Fig. 13 shifted to the right. Accordingly, the capacity values ​​of the positive participation start point (pi') and the negative participation start point (ni'') are matched with each other. In this regard, since the capacity difference between the positive participation start point (pi') and the positive participation end point (pf') is the same as the capacity difference between the negative participation start point (ni') and the negative participation end point (nf'), when the capacity values ​​of the positive participation start point (pi') and the negative participation start point (ni'') are matched with each other, the capacity values ​​of the positive participation end point (pf') and the negative participation end point (nf') are also matched with each other.

[0225] Referring to FIG. 14, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile (U) by subtracting the partial profile between two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') from the partial profile between two points (ni'', nf'') of the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn'').

[0226] The profile correction unit (120) can calculate the error (profile error) between the comparison full-cell profile (U) and the OCV profile (Rocv). When the error between the comparison full-cell profile (U) and the OCV profile (Rocv) is minimized, the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') corresponding to the comparison full-cell profile (U) can be determined as the adjusted anode profile, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'') can be determined as the adjusted cathode profile.

[0227] The profile correction unit (120) can mutually map at least two of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp'), the adjusted reference negative profile (Rn''), the positive participation start point (pi'), the positive participation end point (pf'), the negative participation start point (ni''), the negative participation end point (nf''), the positive change rate (ps), the negative change rate (ns), the comparison full-cell profile (U), and the profile error, and record them in the storage unit (140).

[0228] Here, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the positive change ratio (ps) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rp') with respect to the reference positive profile (Rp). In addition, the profile correction unit (120) can calculate the negative change ratio (ns) of the adjusted reference positive profile (Rn'') with respect to the reference negative profile (Rn). For example, the profile correction unit (120) can determine the first scale factor as the positive change ratio (ps) and the second scale factor as the negative change ratio (ns).

[0229] As described above, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a comparison full-cell profile corresponding to each pair of the first scale factor and the second scale factor selected from the scaling value range. Since there are multiple pairs of the first scale factor and the second scale factor, it is obvious that a plurality of comparison full-cell profiles will also be generated. The profile correction unit (120) can identify a minimum value among the profile errors of the multiple comparison full-cell profiles, and then obtain information mapped to the minimum profile error from the storage unit (140).

[0230]

[0231] The SOH estimation device (100) according to the present invention is connected to a display device (not shown) and can output information regarding the SOH of a battery. As a result, information regarding the SOH of the battery can be displayed on the display device.

[0232] The SOH estimation device (100) according to the present invention is connected to an alarm device (not shown) and can output information about the SOH of the battery to operate the alarm device.

[0233] The SOH estimation device (100) according to the present invention can be applied to a BMS (Battery Management System). That is, the BMS according to the present invention can include the SOH estimation device (100) described above. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the SOH estimation device (100) can be implemented by supplementing or adding the functions of the components included in a conventional BMS. For example, the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile correction unit (120), the control unit (130), and the storage unit (140) of the SOH estimation device (100) can be implemented as components of the BMS. In addition, the SOH estimation device (100) according to the present invention can be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present invention can include the SOH estimation device (100) described above and one or more battery cells. In addition, the battery pack can further include electrical components (relays, fuses, etc.) and a case, etc.

[0234] FIG. 15 is a drawing showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack (1) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0235] The positive terminal of the battery (10) can be connected to the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack (1), and the negative terminal of the battery (10) can be connected to the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (1).

[0236] The measuring unit (20) can be connected to the positive terminal and negative terminal of the battery (10). In addition, the measuring unit (20) can measure the positive potential and negative potential of the battery (10) and calculate the difference between the positive potential and negative potential to measure the voltage of the battery (10). Preferably, the measuring unit (20) can measure the OCV of the battery (10).

[0237] And, the measuring unit (20) can be connected to a current measuring unit (A). For example, the current measuring unit (A) can be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and discharging current of the battery (10). The measuring unit (20) can measure the charging current of the battery (10) using the current measuring unit (A) to calculate the charging amount. In addition, the measuring unit (20) can measure the discharging current of the battery (10) through the third sensing line (SL3) to calculate the discharging amount.

[0238] For example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery (10) measured by the measuring unit (20) can be transmitted to the profile acquisition unit (110). Then, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly generate an OCV profile (Rocv) based on the received information about the voltage and capacity.

[0239] As another example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery (10) measured by the measuring unit (20) can be stored in the storage unit (140). When charging or discharging of the battery (10) is completed, the profile acquisition unit (110) can access the storage unit (140) to acquire an OCV profile (Rocv).

[0240] As another example, the measuring unit (20) may directly generate an OCV profile (Rocv) based on information regarding the voltage and capacity of the measured battery (10). In this case, the generated OCV profile (Rocv) may be transmitted to the profile acquisition unit (110) and also stored in the storage unit (140).

[0241] A charging / discharging device or load can be connected to the positive terminal (P+) and negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (1).

[0242]

[0243] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing an exemplary configuration of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0244] Referring to FIG. 16, a battery pack (1610) according to an embodiment of the present invention may be included in a vehicle (1600), such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HV). Furthermore, the battery pack (1610) may drive the vehicle (1600) by supplying power to a motor through an inverter provided in the vehicle (1600). Here, the battery pack (1610) may include an SOH estimation device (100). That is, the vehicle (1600) may include an SOH estimation device (100).

[0245] In this case, the SOH estimation device (100) may be an on-board diagnostic device included in the automobile (1600). That is, the SOH estimation device (100) may estimate various aspects of the SOH of the battery based on the OCV profile for the battery included in the automobile (1600). In addition, the SOH estimation device (100) may provide information about the estimated SOH to the user.

[0246]

[0247] FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically illustrating a SOH estimation method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0248] Referring to FIG. 17, the SOH estimation method may include a profile acquisition step (S100), a profile adjustment step (S200), a diagnostic factor extraction step (S300), and an SOH estimation step (S400).

[0249] Preferably, each step of the SOH estimation method can be performed by the SOH estimation device (100). In the following, for convenience of explanation, any content that overlaps with the previously described content will be omitted or briefly described.

[0250] The profile acquisition step (S100) is a step of acquiring an OCV profile (Rocv) for multiple OCVs of a battery measured at different points in time, and can be performed by the profile acquisition unit (110).

[0251] For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly receive an OCV profile (Rocv) from the outside. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire an OCV profile (Rocv) by receiving the OCV profile (Rocv) through a wired and / or wireless connection to the outside.

[0252] As another example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive battery information regarding the OCV and capacity of the battery. Then, the profile acquisition unit (110) can generate an OCV profile (Rocv) based on the received battery information. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the OCV profile (Rocv) by directly generating the OCV profile (Rocv) based on the battery information.

[0253] The profile adjustment step (S200) is a step of adjusting a preset reference positive profile and a reference negative profile to correspond to an OCV profile (Rocv) to generate an adjusted positive profile and an adjusted negative profile, and can be performed by the profile correction unit (120).

[0254] For example, the profile correction unit (120) can generate a plurality of comparative full-cell profiles by shifting or capacity scaling a reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile, and can specify a comparative full-cell profile among the plurality of comparative full-cell profiles that has a minimum error with respect to an OCV profile (Rocv). In addition, an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile corresponding to the specified comparative full-cell profile can be determined.

[0255] The diagnostic factor extraction step (S300) is a step of extracting at least one of a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation end point for a battery from an adjusted positive electrode profile and a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode change rate for a battery from a reference positive electrode profile and an adjusted positive electrode profile, and can be performed by the control unit (130).

[0256] The SOH estimation step (S400) is a step of estimating the positive SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors, and can be performed by the control unit (130).

[0257] For example, the control unit (130) refers to at least one of Equations 1 to 3 to determine the positive SOH (SOH P ) can be estimated.

[0258]

[0259] The embodiments of the present invention described above are not implemented only through devices and methods, but may also be implemented through a program that realizes a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded, and such implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs based on the description of the embodiments described above.

[0260] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the patent claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0261] In addition, the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the attached drawings, and all or part of each embodiment may be selectively combined and configured so that various modifications can be made, as those skilled in the art can make various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

[0262] (Explanation of symbols)

[0263] 1: Battery pack

[0264] 10: Battery

[0265] 20: Measurement section

[0266] 100: SOH estimation device

[0267] 110: Profile acquisition section

[0268] 120: Profile correction section

[0269] 130: Control unit

[0270] 140: Storage

[0271] 1600: Car

[0272] 1610: Battery Pack

Claims

1. A profile acquisition unit configured to acquire OCV profiles for multiple OCVs of a battery measured at different points in time; A profile correction unit configured to generate an adjusted anode profile and an adjusted cathode profile by adjusting a preset reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile to correspond to the OCV profile; and An SOH estimation device comprising a control unit configured to extract at least one of a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation end point for the battery from the adjusted positive electrode profile and a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode change rate for the battery from the reference positive electrode profile and the adjusted positive electrode profile, and to estimate a positive electrode SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

2. In paragraph 1, The above multiple OCVs are, An SOH estimation device characterized in that it includes an OCV measured at the point in time when the battery transitions from an idle state to a discharged state and an OCV measured while a state in which the discharge current of the battery is lower than a preset threshold current is maintained for a preset reference time or longer.

3. In paragraph 2, The above multiple OCVs are, An SOH estimation device characterized in that it is configured to include a plurality of OCVs measured within a preset reference period.

4. In paragraph 3, The above reference period is, An SOH estimation device characterized in that the device is set to a period based on a preset target period, a period required to measure a preset number of OCVs, a period required to reduce the SOH of the battery by a preset reference SOH, or a combination thereof.

5. In paragraph 1, The above profile correction part, An SOH estimation device characterized in that it is configured to generate a comparison full-cell profile based on the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile, and to generate the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile by adjusting the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile until the generated comparison full-cell profile corresponds to the OCV profile.

6. In paragraph 5, The above profile correction part, An SOH estimation device characterized in that it is configured to determine a target capacity range corresponding to the OCV profile and compare the comparison full-cell profile and the OCV profile in the target capacity range.

7. In paragraph 1, The above control unit, An SOH estimation device characterized in that it is configured to estimate the anode SOH by comparing the value of the diagnostic factor with a preset reference value for the diagnostic factor.

8. In paragraph 1, The above control unit, An SOH estimation device characterized in that it is configured to adjust the usage conditions for the battery based on the estimated positive SOH.

9. A battery pack including an SOH estimation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle including an SOH estimation device according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 8.

11. A server including an SOH estimation device according to any one of clauses 1 to 8.

12. A profile acquisition step for acquiring OCV profiles for multiple OCVs of a battery measured at different points in time; A profile adjustment step of generating an adjusted anode profile and an adjusted cathode profile by adjusting a preset reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile to correspond to the OCV profile; A diagnostic factor extraction step for extracting at least one of a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode participation end point for the battery from the above-mentioned adjusted positive electrode profile and a diagnostic factor regarding a positive electrode change rate for the battery from the above-mentioned reference positive electrode profile and the above-mentioned adjusted positive electrode profile; and An SOH estimation method, characterized by including an SOH estimation step for estimating the positive SOH of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors.

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