Battery module, module comprising annular battery, and electric device

Abstract

A battery module, a module comprising annular batteries, and an electric device. The battery module comprises: battery cells, a heat dissipation hole being formed in the middle of the battery cell; and a cooling unit comprising a first cooling flow channel, the first cooling flow channel being formed in each heat dissipation hole and used for dissipating heat in the middle of the battery cell.

Description

Battery module, module containing annular battery, and electrical equipment

[0001] This application is based on Chinese patent applications with application number 202311161083.8 and application date September 8, 2023 and application number 202322454572.4 and application date September 8, 2023, and claims the priority of these two Chinese patent applications. The entire contents of the two Chinese patent applications are hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention generally relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module, a module including a ring-shaped battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of light weight, high energy density, long cycle life and high safety performance, and have become the mainstream battery.

[0004] The main forms of lithium-ion batteries are prismatic, cylindrical, and pouch cells. Cylindrical batteries offer a high degree of automation, high production efficiency, good consistency, and relatively low cost.

[0005] At present, cylindrical batteries basically adopt a fully closed structure. As the energy density and power density of lithium-ion batteries become higher and higher, the charge and discharge rates are also getting larger and larger, and the heat generation rate of the battery is also increasing accordingly. However, due to the poor radial thermal conductivity of cylindrical batteries, the battery size is limited, and the battery electrical performance and safety performance are reduced.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application aims to provide a battery module, a module including a ring-shaped battery, and an electrical device, which are at least used to improve the heat dissipation performance of the battery.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery module, comprising:

[0009] A single cell battery, wherein a heat dissipation hole is provided in the middle of the single cell battery;

[0010] The cooling unit includes a first cooling channel. The first cooling channel is formed in the heat dissipation hole and is used to dissipate heat from the middle of the single battery.

[0011] As an implementable manner, the heat dissipation hole is a blind hole, and at least one partition is provided in the blind hole, and the partition divides the blind hole into sub-channels connected end to end in sequence, and the sub-channels connected end to end in sequence form the first cooling channel.

[0012] As an implementation manner, the partition is provided with at least one flow hole penetrating the partition.

[0013] As an implementable manner, the circulation hole is a strip hole, and the length extension direction of the strip hole is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation hole.

[0014] As an implementable manner, the heat dissipation hole is a through hole, and the through hole constitutes the first cooling channel.

[0015] As an implementable manner, the battery module further includes a second cooling channel and a third cooling channel, the second cooling channel and the third cooling channel are respectively disposed at both ends of the single battery, one end of the through hole is connected to the second cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel.

[0016] As an implementable manner, the first cooling channel includes a first cooling pipe independent of the single battery, and the first cooling pipe is arranged through the heat dissipation hole and cooperates with the heat dissipation hole for heat exchange.

[0017] As an implementation method, a heat dissipation protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the heat dissipation hole, and the heat dissipation protrusion abuts against the outer side surface of the first cooling tube.

[0018] As an implementable manner, the battery module includes a plurality of single cells arranged in an array, and the first cooling pipe is provided in a heat dissipation hole of each of the single cells in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0019] As an implementable method, the battery module also includes a second cooling channel and a third cooling channel, the second cooling channel and the third cooling channel are respectively arranged at the two ends of the single battery, one end of the first cooling tube is connected to the second cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel.

[0020] As an implementable manner, the battery module includes at least two single cells, adjacent single cells are coaxially arranged, the heat dissipation holes are through holes, and the through holes of adjacent single cells are interconnected to form the first cooling channel; or,

[0021] The first cooling channel includes a first cooling tube independent of each of the single cells. The first cooling tube is passed through the through holes of the coaxially arranged single cells.

[0022] As an implementable manner, the battery module further includes a second cooling channel and a third cooling channel, and the second cooling channel and the third cooling channel are respectively disposed at the ends of the two outer single batteries; one end of the first cooling channel is connected to the second cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel.

[0023] As an implementation manner, one of the second cooling channel and the third cooling channel is provided with a water inlet, and the other is provided with a water outlet.

[0024] As an implementable manner, one of the second cooling channel and the third cooling channel is at least used for cooling the bottom of the single battery, and the other is at least used for cooling the top of the single battery.

[0025] As an implementable manner, at least one of the second cooling channel and the third cooling channel includes at least two mutually independent sub-cooling channels, and at least one of the at least two sub-cooling channels is connected to the first cooling channel.

[0026] As an implementable method, both ends of some of the sub-cooling channels are connected to a first confluence, and both ends of the remaining sub-cooling channels are connected to a second confluence, a circulation pipeline is connected between the first confluence and the second confluence on the same side, and a circulation pump and a heat exchanger are provided in one of the circulation pipelines.

[0027] As an implementable manner, the cooling unit further includes a fourth cooling channel, which is at least partially disposed outside the side wall of the single battery and is at least used to dissipate heat from the outer side wall of the single battery.

[0028] As an implementation method, the battery module further includes a housing, and the single battery is disposed in the housing;

[0029] A second cooling pipe is provided between the side wall of the single cell and the inner wall of the housing, and the second cooling pipe serves as at least a part of the fourth cooling channel;

[0030] Alternatively, the fourth cooling channel is provided in the side wall of the housing, and the side wall of the housing conforms to the shape of the single battery.

[0031] As an implementation manner, the single battery is a cylindrical battery.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a module including an annular battery, wherein the module includes the above-mentioned battery module, and the annular battery includes the single battery.

[0033] As an implementable manner, the annular battery includes a battery housing, the battery housing includes an outer peripheral wall and a core shaft passing through the outer peripheral wall, the core shaft is provided with the heat dissipation hole, and the heat dissipation hole extends along the axis of the core shaft.

[0034] As an implementable manner, the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the heat dissipation hole is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the peripheral wall.

[0035] As an implementation method, the annular battery further includes an annular battery core, and the annular battery core is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft.

[0036] As an implementation method, a plurality of heat dissipation protrusions are provided on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole.

[0037] As an implementable manner, one end of the heat dissipation hole is closed and the other end is open; or both ends of the heat dissipation hole are open.

[0038] As an implementation manner, the outer peripheral wall and the core shaft are arranged to form a cavity for accommodating the annular battery core, and the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is annular.

[0039] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electrical device comprising the aforementioned battery module; or, comprising the aforementioned module comprising an annular battery.

[0040] The above scheme dissipates heat from the middle of the single cell by providing a heat dissipation hole in the middle of the single cell, and forming a first cooling channel in the heat dissipation hole. This improves the heat dissipation performance compared to heat dissipation by the outer peripheral surface of the battery alone. On the basis of the improved heat dissipation performance, the battery size can be further increased. In addition, the battery temperature will not reach a high temperature due to poor heat dissipation, so that the battery can operate in a more ideal temperature environment. The activity of the active material in the battery is high, thereby improving the battery electrical performance. In addition, since the battery will not have the problem of high temperature, the problem of battery combustion or even explosion due to high temperature is avoided, thereby improving the safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0042] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a partition provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG5 is a top view of a battery module provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] FIG6 is a front view of FIG5;

[0048] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] 8 to 11 are schematic diagrams of the bottom structure of the housing of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] FIG12 is a perspective view of a battery housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] FIG13 is a top view of a ring-shaped battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] FIG14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG13 ;

[0053] FIG15 is a cross-sectional view of a ring-shaped battery provided by another embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the position of FIG13A-A;

[0054] FIG16 is a cross-sectional view of a ring-shaped battery provided by another embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the position of FIG13A-A;

[0055] FIG17 is a cross-sectional view of a ring-shaped battery provided by another embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the position of FIG13A-A.

[0056] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: single battery 1, heat dissipation hole 2, heat dissipation protrusion 21, first cooling channel 3, partition 4, circulation hole 41, second cooling channel 5, third cooling channel 6, fourth cooling channel 7, circulation pipeline 8, shell 9, sub-cooling channel 10, partition plate 11, battery shell 12, core shaft 122, outer wall 123, toroidal battery cell 13, maximum straight-line distance D1 and D2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0059] As shown in FIG1 , the battery module provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0060] A single cell 1, wherein a heat dissipation hole 2 is provided in the middle of the single cell 1;

[0061] The number of single cells 1 can be determined according to the capacity of the battery module. The single cells 1 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in series and parallel in the battery module. The specific connection method can be determined according to the capacity and output voltage of the battery module.

[0062] The single battery 1 is a cylindrical battery, and the shape of the cylindrical battery can be a cylinder, a rectangular cylinder or a polygonal cylinder.

[0063] As a preferred implementation, the axis of the heat dissipation hole 2 can be colinear or parallel to the axis of the single cell 1. This structure is convenient for processing and manufacturing. For example, when winding a bare cell, a hole is directly left in the center of the bare cell, that is, the bare cell obtained by winding has a ring structure. Accordingly, the shell of the single cell 1 includes an inner wall and an outer wall, wherein the inner wall is used to enclose the above-mentioned heat dissipation hole 2; a accommodating space for the bare cell is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the bare cell is located in the accommodating space, and the inner wall is inserted into the hole in the center of the bare cell. It is understandable that the shell of the single cell 1 may also include only the outer wall, and the single cell 1 may also include a hollow through-hole metal tube, which can be fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell. In this case, a accommodating space for the bare cell is formed between the metal tube and the shell. In addition, the metal tube is inserted into the hole in the center of the bare cell.

[0064] The housing can be made of aluminum or steel.

[0065] The single cell 1 can adopt a structure with tabs on the same side, that is, the positive and negative tabs are located at the same end of the single cell 1; or a structure with tabs on opposite sides, that is, the positive and negative tabs are located at both ends of the single cell 1.

[0066] The cooling unit includes a first cooling channel 3 . The first cooling channel 3 is formed in the heat dissipation hole 2 and is used to dissipate heat from the middle of the single battery 1 .

[0067] The heat dissipation hole 2 can be a blind hole or a through hole, which will be described below with different examples.

[0068] The first cooling channel 3 is used to pass a cooling medium, wherein at least the direction of the arrow in FIG1 is the flow direction of the cooling medium. The cooling medium is, for example but not limited to, a liquid medium. The cooling medium flows in the first cooling channel 3 and exchanges heat with at least the inner side wall to remove heat from the middle of the single battery 1.

[0069] The first cooling channel 3 can be a medium flow channel formed by a separately arranged pipeline, or a medium flow channel formed at least by means of the above-mentioned inner wall. Regardless of the structure, as long as the cooling medium can flow into and out of the single battery 1, it will be sufficient.

[0070] The above scheme dissipates heat from the middle of the single cell 1 by providing a heat dissipation hole 2 in the middle of the single cell 1, and forming the first cooling channel 3 in the heat dissipation hole 2. This improves the heat dissipation performance compared to heat dissipation by the outer peripheral surface of the battery alone. On the basis of the improved heat dissipation performance, the battery size can be further increased. In addition, the battery temperature will not reach a high temperature due to poor heat dissipation, so that the battery can operate in a more ideal temperature environment. The activity of the active material in the battery is high, thereby improving the battery electrical performance. In addition, since the battery does not have the problem of high temperature, the problem of battery combustion or even explosion due to high temperature is avoided, thereby improving the safety performance.

[0071] As an implementable method, as shown in FIG1 , the heat dissipation hole 2 is a blind hole, and at least one partition 4 is provided in the blind hole. The partition 4 divides the blind hole into sub-channels connected end to end in sequence, and the sub-channels connected end to end in sequence form a first cooling channel 3 .

[0072] Among them, the above-mentioned inner wall itself can be closed at one end and open at the other end to form a blind hole-type heat dissipation hole 2; in other examples, the above-mentioned inner wall itself can be open at both ends, and one end thereof can be closed by other external components, for example, one end thereof can be closed by a battery end cover to form a blind hole-type heat dissipation hole 2.

[0073] By providing a partition 4 in the blind hole serving as the heat dissipation hole 2, the blind hole is divided into sub-flow channels connected end to end in sequence, which can also be called a labyrinth flow channel. This can extend the flow time of the cooling medium in the blind hole so that the cooling medium can fully absorb the heat emitted from the middle of the single cell 1 through the blind hole, thereby improving the heat exchange performance and reducing the temperature in the middle of the single cell 1.

[0074] The number of baffles 4 can be set according to actual needs. The more baffles 4 are set, the longer the length of the labyrinthine flow channel formed. By setting an appropriate number of baffles 4, the length and diameter of the labyrinthine flow channel can be balanced to meet the cooling medium flow rate and flow required for heat dissipation of the blind hole.

[0075] As an implementation method, referring to at least FIG. 2 , the partition plate 4 is provided with at least one flow hole 41 penetrating the partition plate 4 .

[0076] In some cases, for example but not limited to, the single battery 1 is in a vertical state, the opening of the above-mentioned blind hole is facing downward, and the blind hole is divided into a labyrinthine flow channel by the partition 4. There is a possibility of gas accumulation at the turning position of the top of the labyrinthine flow channel. When gas accumulates there, it will slow down the flow rate of the cooling medium and reduce the flow rate of the cooling medium, resulting in a decrease in cooling capacity. To solve this problem, a flow hole 41 is provided on the partition 4. Even if gas accumulates at the turning position of the top of the labyrinthine flow channel, the cooling medium can still flow through the flow hole 41, thereby reducing or overcoming the adverse effect of gas accumulation on the flow of the cooling medium.

[0077] As an implementable manner, the circulation hole 41 is a strip-shaped hole, and the length extension direction of the strip-shaped hole is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation hole 2 .

[0078] The partition plate 4 is, for example but not limited to, a flat plate structure. Of course, in other examples, plates of other structural forms, such as a corrugated plate, etc., may also be used.

[0079] By setting the circulation hole 41 as a strip hole, and the length extension direction of the strip hole is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation hole 2, that is, the circulation hole 41 can cover a larger range in the depth direction of the heat dissipation hole 2. Even if there is accumulated gas at the turning position of the top of the labyrinth flow channel as mentioned above, the cooling medium can also circulate through the slightly lower part of the circulation hole 41, ensuring the normal flow of the cooling medium to at least dissipate heat at the blind hole position.

[0080] As an implementation method, a plurality of the flow holes 41 are evenly arranged on the partition plate 4 .

[0081] By evenly arranging multiple flow holes 41 on the partition 4, the liquid pressure at various locations can be relatively balanced when the cooling medium passes through the partition 4. In addition, by evenly arranging multiple flow holes 41, it can also play a role in flow balancing, so that the cooling medium flowing at different locations is relatively even. Accordingly, the cooling effect in the blind hole can also be relatively uniform, thereby making the temperature at the center of the single cell 1 relatively balanced, avoiding the problem of battery performance degradation caused by the large temperature difference at the center of the single cell 1.

[0082] It should also be noted that, in the example shown in FIG1 , the opening of the heat dissipation hole 2 of the blind hole structure is located at the bottom, and the blind end is located at the top; in other examples, a structure opposite to that of FIG1 may be adopted, that is, the opening of the heat dissipation hole 2 of the blind hole structure is located at the top, and the blind end is located at the bottom. With this structure, the cooling medium enters and exits the single cell 1 from the top of the single cell 1, and when the cooling medium flows in the first cooling channel 3, the pressure is relatively small, which can alleviate the problem of insufficient pressure caused by the long path of the first cooling channel 3.

[0083] As an implementation method, the heat dissipation hole 2 may be a through hole, and the through hole constitutes the first cooling channel 3. It should be noted that when the through hole constitutes the first cooling channel 3, it is generally necessary to form an insulating layer on the hole wall of the through hole, or to use an insulating material as the cooling medium to prevent the single battery 1 from leaking electricity to the cooling system, or the cooling system from causing a short circuit in the single battery 1, and other problems.

[0084] As an implementable embodiment, the battery module further includes a second cooling channel 5 and a third cooling channel 6. The second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 are disposed at both ends of the single battery 1. One end of the through hole serving as the first cooling channel 3 is connected to the second cooling channel 5, and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel 6. The cooling medium flows from the second cooling channel 5 through the first cooling channel 3 into the third cooling channel 6, or vice versa.

[0085] As an achievable embodiment, referring to at least FIG3 , the heat dissipation hole 2 is a through hole, and the first cooling channel 3 includes a first cooling tube independent of the single cell 1. The first cooling tube and the heat dissipation hole 2 are heat-exchanged with each other; that is, the first cooling tube is disposed within the heat dissipation hole 2 of the single cell 1 and is configured to absorb heat from the central portion of the single cell 1 through the heat dissipation hole. The second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 are disposed at opposite ends of the single cell 1; one end of the first cooling tube communicates with the second cooling channel 5, and the other end communicates with the third cooling channel 6.

[0086] Among them, either the second cooling channel 5 or the third cooling channel 6 serves as a cooling medium supply channel, and the other serves as a cooling medium return channel. The first cooling pipe connects the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 to each other, so that the cooling medium flows into the first cooling pipe from one of the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6, and flows out from the other of the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6, so as to form a flow path for the cooling medium, thereby dissipating heat at least from the center of the single battery 1.

[0087] As an achievable method, one of the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 is provided with a water inlet, and the other is provided with a water outlet. The arrangement of this structure can realize the entry and exit and circulation of the cooling medium, thereby realizing efficient and rapid heat dissipation of the central part of the single cell 1.

[0088] In order to improve the heat dissipation performance, a heat dissipation protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the heat dissipation hole 2, and the heat dissipation protrusion abuts against the outer side surface of the first cooling tube, so that the heat in the center of the single battery 1 is directly transferred to the first cooling tube through the heat dissipation protrusion and carried away by the cooling medium flowing in the first cooling tube.

[0089] It should also be noted that the battery module may include multiple single cells 1, which may be arranged in an array or coaxially. Of course, a portion of the single cells 1 may be coaxially arranged to form an assembly, which may then be arranged in an array.

[0090] As an implementable method, see also FIG4 , in which a plurality of single cells 1 are coaxially arranged. In this structure, the heat dissipation holes 2 are through holes, adjacent single cells 1 are coaxially arranged, and the opposite ends of the through holes of adjacent single cells 1 are connected to each other.

[0091] The single cells 1 are coaxially arranged to facilitate their series connection.

[0092] While the cells 1 are coaxially arranged, the opposite ends of the through-holes of adjacent cells 1 are connected to each other. For example, the tail end of the through-hole of one of the two adjacent cells 1 is connected to the head end of the through-hole of the other cell 1. The head and tail here refer to the two ends of the cell 1, where one end is the head and the other is the tail. As shown in FIG4 , for a cell 1, its left end can be the head and the right end can be the tail. Of course, the right end can also be the head and the left end can be the tail. Using the above connection method, a connecting channel is formed in the middle of the multiple cells 1. The channel is a through-hole, and a first cooling pipe can be arranged in the channel to serve as the first cooling channel 3. Of course, in other examples, it is also possible not to arrange a first cooling pipe in the channel, but to directly use the channel as the first cooling channel 3 for the flow of cooling medium to dissipate heat from the middle of the cell 1.

[0093] In the aforementioned coaxial arrangement of multiple single cells 1, the battery module further includes a second cooling channel 5 and a third cooling channel 6, which are disposed at the ends of the two outer single cells 1. One end of the first cooling channel 3 communicates with the second cooling channel 5, and the other end communicates with the third cooling channel 6. Furthermore, one of the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 is provided with a water inlet, and the other is provided with a water outlet.

[0094] Of course, in other examples, a fourth cooling channel 7 may be provided on the outside of the single cell 1, with one end of the fourth cooling channel 7 communicating with the second cooling channel 5 and the other end communicating with the third cooling channel 6. The fourth cooling channel 7 is at least partially provided outside the side wall of the single cell 1, and is at least used to dissipate heat from the outer wall of the single cell 1.

[0095] By providing a fourth cooling channel 7 outside the side wall of the single cell 1, heat is dissipated from the outer wall of the single cell 1; combined with the above-mentioned first cooling channel 3, heat can be dissipated from the middle and outer parts of the single cell 1 at the same time, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity, avoiding heat accumulation in the single cell 1, and preventing the single cell 1 from overheating.

[0096] Specifically, at least referring to Figures 5 and 6 , the battery module also includes a shell 9, the single battery 1 is arranged in the shell 9, and a gap is provided between the single battery 1 and the inner wall of the shell 9, and the gap serves as at least a part of the fourth cooling channel 7.

[0097] The shell 9 can be an aluminum shell or a steel shell, etc. On the one hand, the shell 9 serves to encapsulate multiple single cells 1 to form a battery module, and is used to support and protect the single cells 1. On the other hand, there is a gap between the shell 9 and the single cells 1. The gap serves as part of the fourth cooling channel 7 for the flow of cooling medium to cool the outside of the single cells 1.

[0098] Of course, in other examples, a second cooling pipe is provided between the side wall of the single cell 1 and the inner wall of the outer shell 9, and the second cooling pipe serves as at least a portion of the fourth cooling channel 7. Alternatively, the fourth cooling channel 7 may be provided within the side wall of the outer shell 9, and the side wall of the outer shell 9 may conformally fit the single cell 1; that is, the side wall of the outer shell 9 may be a hollow structure, and at least a portion of the side wall of the hollow structure serves as the fourth cooling channel 7.

[0099] As an implementation, see Figure 5 , which illustrates an array arrangement of multiple battery cells 1. In this example, there are two rows and four columns of eight battery cells 1, totaling eight battery cells 1. Of course, other examples may also employ other numbers of battery cells 1. The rows and columns can be arranged perpendicularly or at an angle to each other. In this example, the columns are tilted relative to the rows. Within the arrayed battery cells 1, the heat dissipation holes 2 can be either blind holes or through holes. Through holes are used as an example here. A first cooling pipe is then positioned within each heat dissipation hole 2 of each battery cell 1 to dissipate heat from the corresponding heat dissipation hole.

[0100] In addition, based on the above example, in the array arrangement structure of multiple single battery cells 1, a second cooling channel 5 and a third cooling channel 6 can also be included. The second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 are respectively placed at the two ends of each single battery cell 1, and one end of the first cooling tube is connected to the second cooling channel 5, and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel 6.

[0101] As described above, the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 are disposed at the ends of the single cell 1. Thus, one of the second cooling channels is used to cool at least the bottom of the single cell 1, and the other is used to cool at least the top of the single cell 1. This allows simultaneous heat dissipation from multiple locations on the single cell 1, improving heat dissipation capacity and preventing heat accumulation within the single cell 1, thereby preventing the single cell 1 from overheating.

[0102] As an implementable manner, referring to at least FIG7 , at least one of the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 includes at least two independent sub-cooling channels 10 , and at least one of the at least two sub-cooling channels 10 is connected to the first cooling channel 3 .

[0103] By providing mutually independent sub-cooling channels 10 , the flow rates of the cooling medium in the sub-cooling channels 10 can be controlled separately, so as to accurately control the heat dissipation capacity for different parts.

[0104] In some examples, both ends of some of the sub-cooling channels 10 are connected to a first confluence, while the other ends of the sub-cooling channels 10 are connected to a second confluence. A circulation line 8 is connected between the first and second confluences on the same side, and a circulation pump and a heat exchanger are provided in one of the circulation lines 8. The circulation pump is provided on the circulation line 8 to drive the flow of the cooling medium. The heat exchanger can be provided to cool the cooling medium, allowing the cooling medium to operate continuously to cool the central portion of the battery cell 1.

[0105] As an implementation manner, the sub-cooling channels 10 are parallel to each other.

[0106] As an implementable manner, a partition is provided in at least any one of the second cooling channel 5 and the third cooling channel 6 , and the partition divides the corresponding second cooling channel 5 or the third cooling channel 6 into at least two independent sub-cooling channels 10 .

[0107] By setting a separator, on the one hand, the corresponding second cooling channel 5 or the third cooling channel 6 can be separated into independent sub-cooling channels 10, and on the other hand, the rigidity and strength of the bottom of the shell 9 can be enhanced, so that multiple single cells 1 can be set in the shell 9 to increase the overall capacity of the battery module.

[0108] As an achievable method, the partition is supported between the top surface and the bottom surface of the corresponding second cooling channel 5 or the third cooling channel 6 to provide a supporting force between the top surface and the bottom surface of the corresponding second cooling channel 5 or the third cooling channel 6 to prevent the corresponding second cooling channel 5 or the third cooling channel 6 from being crushed by multiple single cells 1.

[0109] As an implementation manner, the partition includes a partition plate 11 or a partition tube.

[0110] The partition plate 11 can be a flat plate, and multiple partition plates 11 can be set vertically or tilted. Regardless of whether the partition plates 11 are tilted or vertical, multiple partition plates 11 can be set parallel to each other, as shown in Figure 8; they can be set to intersect, and the intersecting setting referred to here means that one end (such as the top or bottom) of two adjacent partition plates 11 is directly connected together, that is, the two partition plates 11 and the top or bottom surface of the third cooling channel form a triangle, as shown in Figure 9; and can also be connected together with their extended surfaces, that is, the two partition plates 11 and the corresponding second cooling channel 5 or the third cooling channel 6 The top and bottom surfaces form a trapezoid as shown in Figure 10.

[0111] The segmented tubes may be circular tubes, triangular tubes, polygonal tubes, etc. The example in FIG11 uses circular tubes.

[0112] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a module comprising an annular battery, wherein the module comprises the above-mentioned battery module, and the annular battery comprises the single battery 1, as shown in at least FIG. 13 .

[0113] As an implementation method, referring at least to Figures 12 and 13 , the annular battery includes a battery housing 12, which includes an outer peripheral wall 123 and a core shaft 122 extending through the outer peripheral wall 123. The core shaft 122 is provided with the heat dissipation holes 2, which extend along the axis of the core shaft 122. It should be noted that the outer peripheral wall 123 is the aforementioned inner wall, and the core shaft 122 is the aforementioned outer wall.

[0114] Generally, the battery housing 12 can be made of metal, such as steel, aluminum, and aluminum alloy, etc. On the one hand, it can protect the annular battery cell 13 (i.e., the bare battery cell mentioned above) disposed therein, and on the other hand, it can also serve as one of the electrodes of the single battery cell 1, such as the negative electrode or the positive electrode.

[0115] Among them, at least referring to FIG15 , the peripheral wall 123 and the core shaft 122 can be an integral structure, such as formed by casting or stamping a metal plate; referring also to FIG14 , FIG16 or FIG17 , the peripheral wall 123 and the core shaft 122 can also be a two-body structure, and the two-body structure referred to here means that the peripheral wall 123 and the core shaft 122 are two independent components. For example, the peripheral wall 123 and the core shaft 122 can be connected together by welding. In the case where the bottom of the peripheral wall 123 has a base plate, the core shaft 122 can be directly welded to the base plate of the peripheral wall 123. If the peripheral wall 123 is only an annular wall, the core shaft 122 can be connected to the peripheral wall 123 by means of an end cover, such as, one end of the core shaft 122 is welded to the end cover, and the end cover is welded to one end of the peripheral wall 123.

[0116] As an implementable manner, referring to FIG. 14 , FIG. 15 , FIG. 16 or FIG. 17 , the maximum straight-line distance D1 between any two points on the cross section of the heat dissipation hole 2 is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum straight-line distance D2 between any two points on the cross section of the peripheral wall.

[0117] For example, but not limited to, the maximum straight-line distance D1 between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 2 is 5.15 mm, 5.3 mm, 6.25 mm, 7 mm, 8.66 mm, 13 mm, 15.35 mm, 18.7 mm, 19 mm, 22.9 mm, 24 mm, 28.4 mm, 29.46 mm, etc. The maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 2 can be determined according to actual needs, as long as the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 2 is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum straight-line distance D2 between any two points on the cross-section of the outer peripheral wall 123 of the battery housing. In addition, generally, the longer the battery cell, the larger the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 2 can be. That is, the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 2 is positively correlated with the length of the battery cell, allowing the cooling medium to fully exchange heat within the heat dissipation hole 2, thereby removing heat from the center of the battery cell to the greatest extent possible and improving the heat dissipation effect on the battery cell. The heat dissipation of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation hole 2 can be achieved by inputting the cooling medium through a liquid cooling pipe, and the cooling medium dissipates heat to the center of the battery unit, or by heat conduction such as a cooling column to achieve heat dissipation to the center of the battery unit.

[0118] As an implementation method, the annular battery further includes an annular battery core 13 , and the annular battery core 13 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 122 .

[0119] Among them, a cavity is formed between the outer wall 123 and the core shaft 122, and the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is annular. The cavity at least serves as an installation space for the annular battery core 13. The annular battery core 13 is installed in the space, and the annular battery core 13 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 122.

[0120] As an implementation method, a plurality of heat dissipation protrusions 21 are provided on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole 2. By providing the heat dissipation protrusions 21 on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole 2, the inner surface area of ​​the hole wall can be increased and the heat dissipation performance can be improved.

[0121] As an implementable manner, one end of the heat dissipation hole 2 is closed and the other end is open; or, both ends of the heat dissipation hole 2 are open.

[0122] Specifically, at least as shown in FIG14 , the core shaft 122 itself can be closed at one end and open at the other end to form a heat dissipation hole 2 in the form of a blind hole, which is used to dissipate heat from the middle of the single cell 1. In other examples, at least as shown in FIG16 , the core shaft 122 itself can be open at both ends, and one end thereof can be closed by other external components. For example, one end thereof can be closed by the battery end cover or the bottom plate of the outer peripheral wall 123 to form a blind hole, which can be used as a heat dissipation hole 2 to dissipate heat from the middle of the single cell 1.

[0123] Of course, in other examples, at least as shown in FIG. 17 , both ends of the core shaft 122 are open to form a through hole, which can serve as a heat dissipation hole 2 to dissipate heat from the middle of the single battery 1 .

[0124] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electrical device comprising the aforementioned battery module; or, comprising the aforementioned module comprising an annular battery.

[0125] Electrical equipment includes, but is not limited to, new energy vehicles (electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc.), digital products, etc.

[0126] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used above to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0127] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that: include: A single cell (1), wherein a heat dissipation hole (2) is provided in the middle of the single cell (1); The cooling unit comprises a first cooling channel (3), wherein the heat dissipation hole (2) is provided with the first cooling channel (3) for dissipating heat from the middle of the single battery (1).

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation hole (2) is a blind hole, and at least one partition (4) is arranged in the blind hole. The partition (4) divides the blind hole into sub-channels connected end to end in sequence, and the sub-channels connected end to end in sequence form the first cooling channel (3).

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition plate (4) is provided with at least one flow hole (41) penetrating the partition plate (4).

4. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circulation hole (41) is a strip-shaped hole, and the length extension direction of the strip-shaped hole is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation hole (2).

5. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation hole (2) is a through hole, and the through hole constitutes the first cooling channel (3).

6. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery module further comprises a second cooling channel (5) and a third cooling channel (6), wherein the second cooling channel (5) and the third cooling channel (6) are disposed at two ends of the single battery (1), and one end of the through hole is connected to the second cooling channel (5), and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel (6).

7. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling channel (3) comprises a first cooling pipe independent of the single battery (1), the first cooling pipe being arranged through the heat dissipation hole (2) and cooperating with the heat dissipation hole (2) in heat exchange.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that: A heat dissipation protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the heat dissipation hole (2), and the heat dissipation protrusion abuts against the outer side surface of the first cooling tube.

9. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of single cells (1) arranged in an array, wherein the first cooling pipe is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence in the heat dissipation holes (2) of each of the single cells (1).

10. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery module further comprises a second cooling channel (5) and a third cooling channel (6), wherein the second cooling channel (5) and the third cooling channel (6) are respectively disposed at two ends of the single battery (1), and one end of the first cooling tube is connected to the second cooling channel (5), and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel (6).

11. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising at least two single cells (1), the adjacent single cells (1) being coaxially arranged, the heat dissipation holes (2) being through holes, and the through holes of the adjacent single cells (1) being interconnected to form the first cooling channel (3); or, The first cooling channel (3) comprises a first cooling tube independent of each of the single cells (1), and the first cooling tube is inserted into the through hole of the coaxially arranged single cell (1).

12. The battery module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The battery module further comprises a second cooling channel (5) and a third cooling channel (6), wherein the second cooling channel (5) and the third cooling channel (6) are respectively arranged at the ends of the two outer single batteries (1); one end of the first cooling channel (3) is connected to the second cooling channel (5), and the other end is connected to the third cooling channel (6).

13. The battery module according to claim 6, 10 or 12, characterized in that: One of the second cooling channel (5) and the third cooling channel (6) is provided with a water inlet, and the other is provided with a water outlet.

14. The battery module according to claim 6, 10 or 12, characterized in that: Of the second cooling channel (5) and the third cooling channel (6), one is at least used to cool the bottom of the single battery (1), and the other is at least used to cool the top of the single battery (1).

15. The battery module according to claim 14, characterized in that: At least one of the second cooling channel (5) and the third cooling channel (6) comprises at least two mutually independent sub-cooling channels (10), and at least one of the at least two sub-cooling channels (10) is connected to the first cooling channel (3).

16. The battery module according to claim 15, characterized in that: Both ends of some of the sub-cooling channels (10) are connected to a first confluence portion, and both ends of the remaining sub-cooling channels (10) are connected to a second confluence portion, a circulation pipeline is connected between the first confluence portion and the second confluence portion on the same side, and a circulation pump and a heat exchanger are provided in one of the circulation pipelines.

17. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The cooling unit further comprises a fourth cooling channel (7), wherein the fourth cooling channel (7) is at least partially arranged outside the side wall of the single battery (1) and is at least used to dissipate heat from the outer side wall of the single battery (1).

18. The battery module according to claim 17, characterized in that: The battery module further comprises a housing (9), and the single battery (1) is arranged in the housing (9); A second cooling pipe is provided between the side wall of the single battery (1) and the inner wall of the housing (9), and the second cooling pipe serves as at least a part of the fourth cooling channel (7); Alternatively, the fourth cooling channel (7) is arranged in the side wall of the outer shell (9), and the side wall of the outer shell (9) conforms to the shape of the single battery (1).

19. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The single cell (1) is a cylindrical cell.

20. A module comprising a ring-shaped battery, characterized in that: The module comprises the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 19, and the annular battery comprises the single battery (1).

21. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 20, characterized in that: The annular battery comprises a battery housing (12), wherein the battery housing (12) comprises an outer peripheral wall (123) and a core shaft (122) penetrating the outer peripheral wall (123), wherein the core shaft (122) is provided with the heat dissipation hole (2), and the heat dissipation hole (2) extends along the axis of the core shaft (122).

22. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 21, characterized in that: The maximum value of the straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the heat dissipation hole (2) is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum value of the straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the peripheral wall (123).

23. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 21, characterized in that: The annular battery further comprises an annular battery core (13), wherein the annular battery core (13) is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft (122).

24. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 21, characterized in that: A plurality of heat dissipation protrusions (21) are arranged on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole (2).

25. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 21, characterized in that: One end of the heat dissipation hole (2) is closed and the other end is open; or both ends of the heat dissipation hole (2) are open.

26. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 23, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall (123) and the core shaft (122) are arranged to form a cavity for accommodating the annular battery core (13); the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is annular.

27. An electrical equipment, characterized in that: A battery module comprising any one of claims 1 to 19; or a module comprising a ring-shaped battery as described in any one of claims 20 to 26.

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