Cooling device, battery module, module comprising annular battery, chassis and vehicle

Abstract

A cooling device, a battery module, a module comprising an annular battery, a chassis and a vehicle. The cooling device comprises a heat exchange base (6), the heat exchange base (6) being internally provided with a heat exchange medium flow channel. At least one outer side surface (61) of the heat exchange base (6) is provided with at least one heat exchange branch (2), the heat exchange branch (2) at least partially extending in a direction away from the outer side surface (61), and the heat exchange branch (2) communicating with the heat exchange medium flow channel. The described solution improves the electrical performance of battery cells, and since battery cells will not experience high temperature, the problem of combustion or even explosion of battery cells caused by high temperature is avoided, thus improving the safety performance.

Description

Cooling device, battery module, module including ring battery, chassis and vehicle

[0001] This application is based on the Chinese patent application with application number 202322454520.7 and application date September 8, 2023, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0002] The utility model generally relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a cooling device, a battery module, a module including an annular battery, a chassis and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of light weight, high energy density, long cycle life and high safety performance, and have become the mainstream battery.

[0004] The main forms of lithium-ion batteries are prismatic, cylindrical, and pouch cells. Cylindrical batteries offer a high degree of automation, high production efficiency, good consistency, and relatively low cost.

[0005] At present, cylindrical batteries basically adopt a fully closed structure. As the energy density and power density of lithium-ion batteries become higher and higher, the charge and discharge rates are also getting larger and larger, and the heat generation rate of the battery is also increasing accordingly. However, due to the poor radial thermal conductivity of cylindrical batteries, the battery size is limited, and the battery electrical performance and safety performance are reduced.

[0006] Utility Model Content

[0007] The present application aims to provide a cooling device, a battery module, a module including an annular battery, a chassis and a vehicle, which are at least used to improve the heat dissipation performance of the battery.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cooling device, comprising:

[0009] A heat exchange matrix, wherein a heat exchange medium flow channel is provided in the heat exchange matrix; at least one heat exchange branch is provided on at least one outer side of the heat exchange matrix, and the heat exchange branch at least partially extends in a direction away from the outer side, and the heat exchange branch is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0010] As an implementable manner, a plurality of the heat exchange branches are included, and the plurality of the heat exchange branches are arranged in sequence or in an array along a direction on the outer surface.

[0011] As an implementable manner, in the structure in which the heat exchange branch array is arranged, the heat exchange branches of at least some rows are staggered in the direction of the columns.

[0012] As an implementable manner, a heat exchange medium return channel is further included, and at least one end of at least part of the heat exchange branches is communicated with the heat exchange medium return channel, and the other end is communicated with the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0013] As an implementable manner, at least part of the heat exchange branch includes a first pipe section extending away from the outer side surface, and a second pipe section bending back to the outer side surface, so that part of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium flow channel flows into the first pipe section and flows back from the second pipe section to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0014] As an implementable manner, one end of the heat exchange branch is closed and the other end is open, and the open end of the heat exchange branch is communicated with the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0015] As an implementable manner, at least one partition is provided in the heat exchange branch, and the partition divides the heat exchange branch into sub-flow channels connected end to end in sequence.

[0016] As an implementation manner, the partition is provided with at least one flow hole penetrating the partition.

[0017] As an implementable manner, the circulation hole is a strip-shaped hole, and the length extension direction of the strip-shaped hole is parallel to the axis of the heat exchange branch.

[0018] As an implementable manner, at least one partition is provided in the heat exchange medium flow channel, and the at least one partition divides the heat exchange medium flow channel into at least two sub-flow channels, and each of the heat exchange branches is connected to at least one of the sub-flow channels.

[0019] As an implementation manner, the partition is supported between a top surface and a bottom surface of the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0020] As an implementation manner, the outer side surface is a heat exchange surface.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery module comprising the above-mentioned cooling device.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a module comprising an annular battery, including the above-mentioned cooling device.

[0023] As an implementable manner, the annular battery includes a battery housing, the battery housing includes an outer peripheral wall and a core shaft passing through the outer peripheral wall, the core shaft is provided with the heat dissipation hole, and the heat dissipation hole extends along the axis of the core shaft.

[0024] As an implementable manner, the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the heat dissipation hole is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the peripheral wall.

[0025] As an implementation method, the annular battery further includes an annular battery core, and the annular battery core is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft.

[0026] As an implementation method, a plurality of heat dissipation protrusions are provided on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole.

[0027] As an implementable manner, one end of the heat dissipation hole is closed and the other end is open; or both ends of the heat dissipation hole are open.

[0028] As an implementation manner, the outer peripheral wall and the core shaft are arranged to form a cavity for accommodating the annular battery core, and the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is annular.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a chassis comprising the aforementioned battery module; or, comprising the aforementioned module comprising annular batteries.

[0030] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned chassis.

[0031] The above scheme uses a heat exchange branch to dissipate heat from the single cell, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the single cell. Based on the improved heat dissipation performance, the size of the single cell can be further increased. In addition, the temperature of the single cell will not reach a high temperature due to poor heat dissipation, so that the single cell can operate in a more ideal temperature environment. The activity of the active material in the single cell is high, thereby improving the electrical performance of the single cell. In addition, since the single cell does not have the problem of high temperature, the problem of single cell combustion or even explosion due to high temperature is avoided, thereby improving safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0033] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange matrix provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange matrix provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange matrix provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange matrix provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device in use according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device in use according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange branch provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device in use according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a partition provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0044] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device in use according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device in use according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG14 is a perspective view of a battery housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] FIG15 is a top view of a ring-shaped battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] FIG16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG15 ;

[0049] FIG17 is a cross-sectional view of a ring-shaped battery provided by another embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the position of FIG15A-A;

[0050] FIG18 is a cross-sectional view of a ring-shaped battery provided by another embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the position of FIG15A-A;

[0051] FIG19 is a cross-sectional view of a ring-shaped battery provided by another embodiment of the present invention corresponding to the position of FIG15A-A.

[0052] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: Single cell 1, heat exchange branch 2, first pipe section 21, second pipe section 22, heat exchange medium reflux channel 3, partition plate 4, flow hole 41, confluence portion 5, heat exchange base 6, outer side surface 61, sub-channel 7, partition 8, heat dissipation hole 9, heat dissipation protrusion 91, battery housing 10, outer wall 101, core shaft 102, toroidal battery cell 11, maximum straight-line distance D1, D2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the relevant utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the portions relevant to the utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0054] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0055] As shown in FIG1 , the cooling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0056] A heat exchange matrix 6 is provided with a heat exchange medium flow channel; at least one heat exchange branch 2 is provided on at least one outer side surface 61 of the heat exchange matrix 6, and the heat exchange branch 2 at least partially extends in a direction away from the outer side surface 61, and the heat exchange branch 2 is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0057] The heat exchange base 6 can be a hollow component, and its shape can be set according to actual needs. It can adopt a regular structure or an irregular structure. The specific shape can be determined according to the installation location. For example, but not limited to, in this example, the heat exchange base 6 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0058] The hollow area of ​​the heat exchange matrix 6 is used to form a heat exchange medium flow channel, wherein the heat exchange medium flow channel can be one or more than two.

[0059] For example, referring to at least any one of Figures 2 to 5 , at least one partition 8 may be provided in the heat exchange medium flow channel, and the at least one partition 8 divides the heat exchange medium flow channel into at least two sub-channels 7 , and the heat exchange branch 2 is connected to at least one of the sub-channels 7 .

[0060] The provision of separators 8 not only separates the heat exchange medium flow channel into mutually independent sub-channels 7, but also enhances the rigidity and strength of the heat exchange matrix 6, allowing for the placement of multiple single cells 1 on the heat exchange matrix 6 to increase the overall capacity of the battery module. It should be noted that the single cells 1 employed herein are preferably cylindrical, and their shapes may be rectangular, cylindrical, regular polygonal, elliptical, or non-equilateral polygonal.

[0061] As an implementable manner, the separator 8 is supported between the top and bottom surfaces of the heat exchange medium flow channel to provide a supporting force between the top and bottom surfaces of the heat exchange medium flow channel to prevent the heat exchange medium flow channel from being collapsed by multiple single cells 1.

[0062] As an implementation manner, the partition 8 includes a partition plate 4 or a partition tube.

[0063] The partition plates 4 can be flat plates, and multiple partition plates 4 can be arranged vertically or at an angle. Regardless of whether the partition plates 4 are at an angle or vertical, the multiple partition plates 4 can be arranged parallel to each other, as shown in FIG2 ; they can be arranged intersectingly, where the intersecting arrangement referred to here means that one end (e.g., the top or bottom) of two adjacent partition plates 4 is directly connected together, that is, the two partition plates 4 and the top or bottom surface of the heat exchange medium flow channel form a triangle, as shown in FIG3 ; or they can be connected together by their extended surfaces, that is, the two partition plates 411 and the top and bottom surfaces of the heat exchange medium flow channel form a trapezoid, as shown in FIG4 .

[0064] The segmented tubes may be circular tubes, triangular tubes, polygonal tubes, etc. The example in FIG5 uses circular tubes.

[0065] The outer side surface 61 may be, but is not limited to, a plane, and may be in contact with the end surface of the single battery 1 to dissipate heat from the end surface of the single battery 1 .

[0066] The heat exchange branch 2 extending in the direction away from the outer side surface 61 can contact the side of the single cell 1 to dissipate heat from the side of the single cell 1; in addition, when the single cell 1 has a heat dissipation hole, the heat exchange branch 2 can also be located in the heat dissipation hole of the single cell 1 to dissipate heat from the middle of the single cell 1.

[0067] The heat exchange branch 2 is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel. The heat exchange medium flow channel can provide heat exchange medium to the heat exchange branch 2. Conversely, the heat exchange branch 2 can also provide heat exchange medium to the exchange medium flow channel. These two methods mainly differ in the flow direction of the heat exchange medium.

[0068] Preferably, the heat exchange matrix 6 and the heat exchange branch 2 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, copper, and alloys thereof, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency and enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the single battery 1.

[0069] The above solution, by providing the outer side surface 61 and the heat exchange branch 2 for dissipating heat from the single cell 1, can improve the heat dissipation performance of the single cell 1. On the basis of the improved heat dissipation performance, the size of the single cell 1 can be further increased. In addition, the temperature of the single cell 1 will not reach a high temperature due to poor heat dissipation, so that the single cell 1 can operate in a relatively ideal temperature environment. The activity of the active material in the single cell 1 is high, thereby improving the electrical performance of the single cell 1. In addition, since the single cell 1 does not experience the problem of high temperature, the problem of the single cell 1 burning or even exploding due to high temperature is avoided, thereby improving the safety performance.

[0070] As an implementable manner, the cooling device includes a plurality of the heat exchange branches 2 , and the plurality of the heat exchange branches 2 are arranged sequentially or in an array along a direction on the outer side surface 61 .

[0071] As shown in FIG1 , a plurality of heat exchange branches 2 are sequentially arranged along a direction on the outer side surface 61 , for dissipating heat from a plurality of single batteries 1 that are also sequentially arranged along a direction.

[0072] As shown in FIG6 , a plurality of heat exchange branches 2 are arranged in an array on the outer side surface 61 , for dissipating heat from a plurality of single cells 1 arranged in the same array.

[0073] As an implementable manner, in the structure where the heat exchange branches 2 are arranged in an array, the heat exchange branches 2 of at least some rows are staggered in the direction of the columns.

[0074] As shown in at least FIG7 , by staggering the heat exchange branches 2 in the column direction, a portion of the heat exchange branches 2 can be located within the heat dissipation cavity between adjacent single cells 1 (illustratively, referring to the heat dissipation cavity formed between at least three adjacent single cells 1), dissipating heat from the sides of the single cells 1, while another portion of the heat exchange branches 2 is located within the heat dissipation holes of the single cells 1, dissipating heat from the middle of the single cells 1. By dissipating heat from the sides and middle of the single cells 1 through the heat exchange branches 2, combined with dissipating heat from the ends of the single cells 1 through the outer surface 61, the heat generated by the single cells 1 can be removed to the greatest extent possible, allowing the single cells 1 to operate in a relatively ideal temperature environment.

[0075] In this example, the single cell 1 has a hexagonal shape. In other examples, the single cell 1 may also have a circular, octagonal, or other structural form.

[0076] As an implementable manner, referring at least to FIG8 , a heat exchange medium return channel 3 is further included, and at least one end of at least part of the heat exchange branch 2 is connected to the heat exchange medium return channel 3 and the other end is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0077] The two ends of the heat exchange branch 2 are connected to the heat exchange medium return channel 3 and the heat exchange medium flow channel, respectively, allowing the heat exchange medium to flow continuously. In addition, a circulation pump and a heat exchanger can be connected between the heat exchange medium return channel 3 and the heat exchange medium flow channel. The circulation pump is provided to drive the heat exchange medium to flow. The heat exchanger can be provided to cool the heat exchange medium, allowing the heat exchange medium to operate continuously to cool the single battery 1.

[0078] As an implementable manner, referring also to at least FIG9 , at least a portion of the heat exchange branch 2 includes a first pipe segment 21 extending away from the outer side surface 61, and a second pipe segment 22 bending back to the outer side surface 61, so that a portion of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium flow channel flows into the first pipe segment 21 and flows back from the second pipe segment 22 to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

[0079] In some cases, the heat dissipation holes of the single cell 1 are blind holes; or there is no space on one side of the battery module to install a cooling device. In this case, the cooling device components can be installed at one end of the single cell 1. Accordingly, the heat exchange branch 2 is also installed from one end of the single cell 1. To this end, the heat exchange branch 2 is configured to include a first tube section 21 extending away from the outer side surface 61 and a second tube section 22 that bends back to the outer side surface 61. In other words, the heat exchange branch 2 is equivalent to being bent, and the number of bends can be determined according to actual needs. In this example, it is bent once, forming a U-shaped structure for installation in the heat dissipation hole of the single cell 1. If it is bent more than twice, the heat exchange branch 2 forms at least an S-shaped structure.

[0080] As a feasible manner, referring to Figures 10 and 11, in addition to the above-mentioned method of bending the heat exchange branch 2, a partition 4 can also be provided in the heat exchange branch 2. In this case, one end of the heat exchange branch 2 is closed and the other end is open, and the open end of the heat exchange branch 2 is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel. In other words, a blind hole is provided in the heat exchange branch 2, and the blind hole can be a blind hole directly opened on the heat exchange branch 2, or a blind hole formed by blocking one end of the heat exchange branch 2 by other components.

[0081] At least one partition 4 is provided in the heat exchange branch 2, and the partition 4 divides the heat exchange branch 2 into sub-flow channels connected end to end in sequence.

[0082] By providing a partition 4 within the heat exchange branch 2, the heat exchange branch 2 is divided into sub-flow channels connected end to end in sequence, which can also be called a labyrinth flow channel. This can extend the flow path and time of the heat exchange medium within the heat exchange branch 2, so that the heat exchange medium can fully absorb the heat emitted from the middle of the single cell 1 through the heat dissipation holes of the single cell 1, thereby improving the heat exchange performance and reducing the temperature of the middle of the single cell 1.

[0083] The number of partitions 4 can be set according to actual needs. The more partitions 4 are set, the longer the length of the labyrinthine flow channel formed. By setting an appropriate number of partitions 4, the length and diameter of the labyrinthine flow channel can be balanced to meet the heat exchange medium flow rate and flow required for heat dissipation of the single battery 1.

[0084] As an implementation manner, the partition plate 4 is provided with at least one flow hole 41 penetrating the partition plate 4 .

[0085] In some cases, for example but not limited to, the single battery 1 is in a vertical state, the opening of its heat dissipation hole is facing downward, and the heat exchange branch 2 is divided into a maze-like flow channel by the partition 4. There is a possibility of gas accumulation at the turning position of the top of the maze-like flow channel. When gas accumulates there, it will slow down the flow rate of the heat exchange medium and reduce the flow rate of the heat exchange medium, resulting in a decrease in cooling capacity. To solve this problem, a flow hole 41 is provided on the partition 4. Even if gas accumulates at the turning position of the top of the maze-like flow channel, the heat exchange medium can still flow through the flow hole 41, thereby reducing or overcoming the adverse effect of gas accumulation on the flow of the heat exchange medium.

[0086] As an implementable manner, the circulation hole 41 is a strip-shaped hole, and the length extension direction of the strip-shaped hole is parallel to the axis of the heat exchange branch 2 .

[0087] The partition plate 4 is, for example but not limited to, a flat plate structure. Of course, in other examples, plates of other structural forms, such as a corrugated plate, etc., may also be used.

[0088] By setting the circulation hole 41 as a strip hole, and the length extension direction of the strip hole is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation hole of the single cell 1, that is, the circulation hole 41 can cover a larger range in the depth direction of the heat dissipation hole of the single cell 1. Even if there is accumulated gas at the turning position of the top of the labyrinth flow channel as mentioned above, the heat exchange medium can also circulate through the slightly lower part of the circulation hole 41, ensuring the normal flow of the cooling medium to at least dissipate heat at the blind hole position.

[0089] As an implementation method, a plurality of the flow holes 41 are evenly arranged on the partition plate 4 .

[0090] By evenly arranging multiple flow holes 41 on the partition 4, the liquid pressure at each location can be relatively balanced when the heat exchange medium passes through the partition 4. In addition, the even arrangement of multiple flow holes 41 can also play a role in flow balancing, so that the heat exchange medium flowing at different locations is relatively even. Correspondingly, the temperature at the center of the single cell 1 is also relatively balanced, avoiding the problem of battery performance degradation caused by the large temperature difference at the center of the single cell 1.

[0091] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery module, including the above-mentioned cooling device, wherein at least one single battery 1 is provided on the outer side surface 61 , and the outer side surface 61 and the heat exchange branch 2 respectively cooperate with the corresponding single battery 1 for heat exchange.

[0092] The outer side surface 61 can be connected to the top of the single cell 1 or the bottom of the single cell 1. The heat exchange branch 2 is arranged on the side of the single cell 1 and / or in the heat dissipation hole of the single cell 1.

[0093] Exemplarily, referring to at least FIG. 7 , at least a portion of the heat exchange branches 2 are in contact with the outer side surfaces of the corresponding single cells 1 , so as to cooperate with the corresponding single cells 1 in heat exchange.

[0094] Part of the heat exchange branches 2 is disposed between adjacent single cells 1 and is in contact with the side surfaces of the single cells 1 , respectively, to cool the side surfaces of the single cells 1 .

[0095] Illustratively, in addition to cooling the side surfaces of the single cell 1, when the single cell 1 has a heat dissipation hole, at least part of the heat exchange branch 2 can also extend into the heat dissipation hole of the corresponding single cell 1 and contact the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole to cooperate with the corresponding single cell 1 in heat exchange, so as to cool the single cell 1 from the middle of the single cell 1.

[0096] As an achievable method, referring to at least FIG12 , at least some of the single cells 1 are coaxially arranged, and the heat dissipation holes of adjacent single cells 1 are interconnected to form heat exchange branch mounting holes, and the heat exchange branches 2 are arranged one by one in the heat exchange branch mounting holes.

[0097] While the single cells 1 are coaxially arranged, the opposite ends of the heat dissipation holes of adjacent single cells 1 are connected to each other. For example, the tail end of the heat dissipation hole of one of the two adjacent single cells 1 is connected to the head end of the heat dissipation hole of the other single cell 1. The head and tail here refer to the two ends of the single cell 1, where one end is the head and the other end is the tail. As shown in Figure 12, for a single cell 1, its left end can be the head and the right end can be the tail. Of course, the right end can also be the head and the left end can be the tail. Using the above connection method, a heat exchange branch mounting hole in the form of a through hole is formed in the middle of multiple single cells 1. A heat exchange branch 2 can be installed in this heat exchange branch mounting hole.

[0098] In the coaxially arranged structure of the above-mentioned multiple single cells 1, the heat exchange matrix 6 is located at the outer end of the first single cell 1, and correspondingly, the outer end of the last single cell 1 is connected to a confluence 5, which is used to bring together the heat exchange media in different heat exchange branches 2; or, the heat exchange matrix 6 is located at the outer end of the last single cell 1, and correspondingly, the outer end of the first single cell 1 is connected to a confluence 5.

[0099] As an implementation method, as shown in FIG13 , a plurality of the single batteries 1 are arranged along one direction on the outer side surface 61 ;

[0100] A heat dissipation hole is provided at the center of the single battery 1 , and the heat exchange branch 2 is provided in the heat dissipation hole of each single battery 1 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0101] Also referring to FIG. 7 , a plurality of the single cells 1 are arranged in an array on the outer side surface 61 ;

[0102] A heat dissipation hole is provided at the center of the single battery 1 , and the heat exchange branch 2 is provided in the heat dissipation hole of each single battery 1 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0103] As an implementation method, the heat exchange matrix 6 is disposed on the top or bottom of the single battery 1 .

[0104] When the single battery 1 is arranged vertically, the heat exchange matrix 6 can be arranged at the bottom of the single battery 1 to provide support for the single battery 1 on the one hand and cool the bottom surface of the single battery 1 on the other hand.

[0105] The heat exchange matrix 6 can also be set on the top of the single cell 1. With this structure, the heat exchange medium enters and exits the single cell 1 from the upper part of the single cell 1. When the heat exchange medium flows in the heat exchange branch 2, the pressure is relatively small, which can alleviate the problem of insufficient pressure caused by the long path of the heat exchange branch 2.

[0106] It should be noted that the outer surface 61 can also serve as a heat exchange surface, and the top or bottom of the single cell 1 can be thermally exchanged with the heat exchange surface. That is, when the heat exchange matrix 6 is placed at the bottom of the single cell 1, the heat exchange surface exchanges heat with the bottom of the single cell 1; when the heat exchange matrix 6 is placed at the top of the single cell 1, the heat exchange surface exchanges heat with the top of the single cell 1.

[0107] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a module comprising an annular battery, wherein the module comprises the above-mentioned battery module, and the annular battery comprises the single battery 1, as shown in at least FIG. 15 .

[0108] As an achievable method, referring at least to Figures 14 and 15 , the annular battery includes a battery shell 10, the battery shell 10 includes an outer peripheral wall 101 and a core shaft 102 passing through the outer peripheral wall 101, the core shaft 102 is provided with the heat dissipation hole 9, and the heat dissipation hole 9 extends along the axis of the core shaft 102.

[0109] Generally, the battery housing 10 can be made of metal, such as steel, aluminum, and aluminum alloy, etc. On the one hand, it can protect the annular battery core 11 disposed therein, and on the other hand, it can also serve as one of the electrodes of the single battery 1, such as the negative electrode or the positive electrode.

[0110] Wherein, referring at least to FIG17 , the peripheral wall 101 and the core shaft 102 can be an integral structure, such as formed by casting or stamping a metal plate; referring also to FIG16 , FIG18 or FIG19 , the peripheral wall 101 and the core shaft 102 can also be a two-body structure, where the two-body structure refers to that the peripheral wall 101 and the core shaft 102 are two independent components. For example, the peripheral wall 101 and the core shaft 102 can be connected together by welding. In the case where the bottom of the peripheral wall 101 has a base plate, the core shaft 102 can be directly welded to the base plate of the peripheral wall 101. If the peripheral wall 101 is only an annular wall, the core shaft 102 can be connected to the peripheral wall 101 by means of an end cap, such as one end of the core shaft 102 is welded to the end cap, and the end cap is welded to one end of the peripheral wall 101.

[0111] As an implementable method, referring to FIG. 16 , FIG. 17 , FIG. 18 or FIG. 19 , the maximum straight-line distance D1 between any two points on the cross section of the heat dissipation hole 9 is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum straight-line distance D2 between any two points on the cross section of the outer peripheral wall.

[0112] For example, but not limited to, the maximum straight-line distance D1 between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 9 is 5.15 mm, 5.3 mm, 6.25 mm, 7 mm, 8.66 mm, 13 mm, 15.35 mm, 18.7 mm, 19 mm, 22.9 mm, 24 mm, 28.4 mm, 29.46 mm, etc. The maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 9 can be determined according to actual needs, as long as the maximum straight-line distance D1 between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 9 is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum straight-line distance D2 between any two points on the cross-section of the outer peripheral wall 101 of the battery housing. In addition, generally, the longer the battery cell, the larger the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 9 can be. That is, the maximum straight-line distance between any two points on the cross-section of the heat dissipation hole 9 is positively correlated with the length of the battery cell, so that the cooling medium can fully exchange heat within the heat dissipation hole 9, thereby removing heat from the center of the battery cell to the greatest extent possible, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect on the battery cell. The heat dissipation of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation holes 9 can be achieved by inputting the cooling medium through a liquid cooling pipe, and the cooling medium dissipates heat to the center of the battery unit, or by heat conduction such as a cooling column to achieve heat dissipation to the center of the battery unit.

[0113] As an implementation method, the annular battery further includes an annular battery core 11 , and the annular battery core 11 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 102 .

[0114] A cavity is formed between the outer wall 101 and the core shaft 102 , and the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is annular. The cavity at least serves as an installation space for the annular battery core 11 . The annular battery core 11 is installed in the space, and the annular battery core 11 is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 102 .

[0115] As an implementation method, a plurality of heat dissipation protrusions 91 are provided on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole 9. By providing the heat dissipation protrusions 91 on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole 9, the inner surface area of ​​the hole wall can be increased and the heat dissipation performance can be improved.

[0116] As an implementable manner, one end of the heat dissipation hole 9 is closed and the other end is open; or, both ends of the heat dissipation hole 9 are open.

[0117] Specifically, at least as shown in FIG16 , the core shaft 102 itself can be closed at one end and open at the other end to form a blind hole-shaped heat dissipation hole 9, which is used to dissipate heat from the middle of the single cell 1; in other examples, at least as shown in FIG18 , the core shaft 102 itself can be open at both ends, and one end thereof can be closed by other external components, for example, one end thereof can be closed by the battery end cover or the bottom plate of the outer peripheral wall 101 to form a blind hole, which can be used as a heat dissipation hole 9 to dissipate heat from the middle of the single cell 1.

[0118] Of course, in other examples, at least as shown in FIG. 19 , both ends of the core shaft 102 are open to form a through hole, which can be used as a heat dissipation hole 9 to dissipate heat from the middle of the single battery 1 .

[0119] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a chassis comprising the aforementioned battery module; or, comprising the aforementioned module comprising annular batteries.

[0120] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned chassis.

[0121] The vehicle is an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle (extended-range hybrid or plug-in hybrid, etc.).

[0122] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used above to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0123] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the utility model disclosed herein is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the concept of the utility model. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A cooling device, characterized in that: include: A heat exchange matrix (6), wherein a heat exchange medium flow channel is arranged inside the heat exchange matrix (6); at least one heat exchange branch (2) is arranged on at least one outer side surface (61) of the heat exchange matrix (6), wherein the heat exchange branch (2) at least partially extends in a direction away from the outer side surface (61), and the heat exchange branch (2) is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

2. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of the heat exchange branches (2), wherein the plurality of the heat exchange branches (2) are arranged in sequence or in an array along a direction on the outer side surface (61).

3. The cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the structure in which the heat exchange branches (2) are arranged in an array, at least some rows of the heat exchange branches (2) are arranged in a staggered manner in the direction of the column.

4. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a heat exchange medium return channel (3), and at least one end of a part of the heat exchange branch (2) is connected to the heat exchange medium return channel (3), and the other end is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

5. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: At least part of the heat exchange branch (2) comprises a first pipe section (21) extending in a direction away from the outer side surface (61), and a second pipe section (22) bent back to the outer side surface (61), so that part of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium flow channel flows into the first pipe section (21) and flows back from the second pipe section (22) to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

6. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: One end of the heat exchange branch (2) is closed and the other end is open, and the open end of the heat exchange branch (2) is connected to the heat exchange medium flow channel.

7. The cooling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least one partition (4) is provided in the heat exchange branch (2), and the partition (4) divides the heat exchange branch (2) into sub-flow channels (7) which are connected end to end in sequence.

8. The cooling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The partition plate (4) is provided with at least one flow hole (41) penetrating the partition plate (4).

9. The cooling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The circulation hole (41) is a strip-shaped hole, and the length extension direction of the strip-shaped hole is parallel to the axis of the heat exchange branch (2).

10. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: At least one partition (8) is provided in the heat exchange medium flow channel, and the at least one partition (8) divides the heat exchange medium flow channel into at least two sub-flow channels (7), and each of the heat exchange branches (2) is connected to at least one of the sub-flow channels (7).

11. The cooling device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The partition (8) is supported between the top surface and the bottom surface of the heat exchange medium flow channel.

12. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The outer side surface (61) is a heat exchange surface.

13. A battery module, characterized in that: Comprising the cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A module comprising a ring-shaped battery, characterized in that: Comprising the cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 14, characterized in that: The annular battery comprises a battery housing (10), wherein the battery housing (10) comprises an outer peripheral wall (101) and a core shaft (102) penetrating the outer peripheral wall (101), wherein the core shaft (102) is provided with a heat dissipation hole (9), and the heat dissipation hole (9) extends along the axis of the core shaft (102).

16. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 15, characterized in that: The maximum value of the straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the heat dissipation hole (9) is 0.11-0.65 of the maximum value of the straight-line distance between any two points on the cross section of the peripheral wall (101).

17. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 15, characterized in that: The annular battery further comprises an annular battery core (11), wherein the annular battery core (11) is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft (102).

18. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 15, characterized in that: A plurality of heat dissipation protrusions (91) are arranged on the hole wall of the heat dissipation hole (9).

19. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 15, characterized in that: One end of the heat dissipation hole (9) is closed, and the other end is open; or both ends of the heat dissipation hole (9) are open.

20. The module comprising an annular battery according to claim 15, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall (101) and the core shaft (102) are arranged to form a cavity for accommodating the annular battery core (11); the cross-sectional shape of the cavity is annular.

21. A chassis, characterized in that: A battery module comprising the battery module of claim 13; or a module comprising a ring-shaped battery as described in any one of claims 14-20.

22. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the chassis of claim 21.

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