Vehicle window assembly and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle window assembly and a vehicle. The vehicle window assembly (100) comprises vehicle window glass (10) and an optical device (20), wherein the vehicle window glass (10) comprises an outer glass layer (101), a bonding layer (103) and an inner glass layer (102), the inner glass layer (102) having a first opening portion (120), and the optical device (20) being arranged on the side of the inner glass layer (102) facing away from the bonding layer (103); and the field-of-view region of the optical device (20) forms an optical window (210) in the vehicle window glass (10), the optical window (210) is located in the first opening portion (120), and the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window (210) is less than or equal to 60mdpt, which is much less than the diopter value of 200mdpt required in the related art. In addition, it can be ensured that the horizontal diopter of the optical window (210) is not affected by the inner glass layer, which is conducive to improving the detection quality of the optical device (20), and particularly meeting the requirements for the diopter of a high-precision camera with a narrow horizontal field of view.

Description

Window assembly and vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the Patent Office of China on September 15, 2023, with application number 202311190266.2 and application name “Window Assembly and Vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] For vehicles equipped with forward-looking cameras, the cameras need to obtain a real-time field of view through the front windshield. Therefore, the refractive index of the optical transmission area of ​​the front windshield used by the cameras to obtain a field of view outside the vehicle must meet certain requirements.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle with low diopter, which are beneficial to improving camera quality.

[0006] In one aspect, the present application provides a vehicle window assembly, comprising:

[0007] A vehicle window glass, comprising an outer glass layer, a bonding layer, and an inner glass layer stacked in sequence, wherein the outer glass layer has a first surface and a second surface, the inner glass layer has a third surface and a fourth surface, the bonding layer is connected between the second surface and the third surface, and the inner glass layer has a first opening portion extending through the third surface and the fourth surface; and

[0008] an optical device, the optical device being disposed on a side of the inner glass layer facing away from the bonding layer;

[0009] In which, the field of view angle of the optical device in the vertical direction is β, the angle between the central axis of the optical device and the target axis of the second surface is α, the dimension of the first opening portion along the extension direction of the target axis is a, the field of view area of ​​the optical device forms an optical window on the vehicle window glass, the optical window is located in the first opening portion, and the dimension of the optical window along the extension direction of the target axis is b; the absolute value of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mdpt, a≥b+10; b=K1×[1 / tan(α-β / 2)-1 / tan(α+β / 2)], K1 is a constant and K1=12~18.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the angle α is greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 45°; and the angle β is greater than or equal to 17° and less than or equal to 65°.

[0011] In a possible embodiment, the field of view angle of the optical device in the horizontal direction is γ; the size of the first opening portion along the horizontal direction is m, and the size of the optical window on the second surface and along the horizontal direction is n, m≥n+10; n=K2×tan(γ / 2) / sin(α), K2 is a constant and K2=24~36, and the absolute value of the vertical refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mdpt.

[0012] In a possible embodiment, the γ is greater than or equal to 28° and less than or equal to 120°.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, the absolute value of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 50 mdpt, and the horizontal block range value of the optical window is less than or equal to 50 mdpt.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the absolute value of the vertical refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mdpt, and the vertical block range value of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mdpt.

[0015] In a possible embodiment, the distance between the optical device and the vehicle window glass is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, the adhesive layer is provided with a second opening portion, the second opening portion is connected to the first opening portion, and the optical window is located in the second opening portion.

[0017] In a possible embodiment, the vehicle window glass also includes a first shielding layer arranged on the second surface, the first shielding layer has a third opening portion, the third opening portion is connected to the second opening portion and the optical window is located in the third opening portion.

[0018] In a possible embodiment, the area of ​​the optical window is smaller than the area of ​​the third opening portion, the area of ​​the third opening portion is smaller than or equal to the area of ​​the first opening portion, and the area of ​​the second opening portion is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the first opening portion.

[0019] In a possible embodiment, the vehicle window glass also includes an anti-reflection layer provided on the second surface, the anti-reflection layer is located in the third opening portion and covers the optical window, and the anti-reflection layer is used to reduce the reflectivity of the outer glass layer to the light emitted and / or received by the optical device.

[0020] In a possible embodiment, the vehicle window glass further includes an electric heating element provided on the second surface, wherein the electric heating element is located in the third opening portion and covers at least a portion of the optical window.

[0021] In a possible embodiment, the vehicle window glass further includes a second shielding layer provided on the fourth surface.

[0022] In a possible embodiment, the vehicle window glass further includes a heat-insulating layer disposed outside the optical window, and the heat-insulating layer includes at least one metallic silver layer, a silver alloy layer, or a transparent conductive oxide layer.

[0023] In a possible embodiment, the outer glass layer is transparent glass or extra-transparent glass, and the inner glass layer is transparent glass or tinted glass;

[0024] The total iron content of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.08%, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is greater than or equal to 80%; the total iron content of the ultra-clear glass is less than or equal to 0.015%, and the visible light transmittance of the ultra-clear glass is greater than or equal to 91%; the total iron content of the tinted glass is greater than or equal to 0.1%, and the visible light transmittance of the tinted glass is greater than 70%.

[0025] In a possible embodiment, the optical window has a first transmittance TL1 for visible light with a wavelength of 440nm to 700nm at an incident angle of 0 to 70°, and the optical window has a transmittance TL2 for visible light with a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm at an incident angle of 0 to 70°, TL1 ≥ 50%, and the ratio of TL2 to TL1 TL2 / TL1 ≥ 0.8.

[0026] On the other hand, the present application further provides a vehicle, comprising the window assembly, wherein the first surface faces the outside of the vehicle, and the fourth surface faces the inside of the vehicle.

[0027] In a possible embodiment, the optical device is a visible light camera with a pixel greater than or equal to 2 million, and the MTF value of the optical device at 1 / 2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6.

[0028] The vehicle window assembly provided herein ensures that the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window is less than or equal to 60 mdpt, significantly less than the 200 mdpt requirement of related art. Furthermore, the horizontal diopter of the optical window is not affected by the inner glass layer, thereby improving the inspection quality of optical devices, particularly meeting the diopter requirements of high-precision cameras with narrow horizontal fields of view. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0030] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG2 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a vehicle window assembly provided by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG3 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the vehicle window assembly shown in FIG2 ;

[0033] FIG4 is a horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vehicle window assembly shown in FIG2 ;

[0034] FIG5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the first opening portion shown in FIG2 having a trapezoidal shape;

[0035] FIG6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the first opening portion shown in FIG2 , in which the shape of the first opening portion is circular;

[0036] FIG7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the first opening portion shown in FIG2 having an elliptical shape;

[0037] FIG8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the first opening portion shown in FIG2 , in which the shape of the first opening portion is rectangular;

[0038] FIG9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided by a second embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG10 is a front view of a vehicle window glass viewed from inside the vehicle to outside the vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG11 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the vehicle window glass shown in FIG10 ;

[0041] FIG12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly provided in a third embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG13 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a vehicle window assembly provided in a fourth embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions provided by this application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is clear that the embodiments described in this application are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] References to "embodiments" and "implementation methods" in this application mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or implementation methods may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of such phrases in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor do they refer to mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments to other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0046] As shown in FIG1 , FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Vehicle 1000 can be a sedan, bus, truck, tractor, dedicated transport vehicle, or specialized vehicle. In this embodiment of the present application, a sedan is used as an example. Vehicle 1000 includes a window assembly 100. Of course, vehicle 1000 may also include wheels, a chassis, an engine, and the like.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly 100 provided in a first embodiment of the present application. The vehicle window assembly 100 includes a vehicle window glass 10 and an optical device 20. The optical device 20 transmits and / or receives light that passes through the vehicle window glass 10 to collect environmental data outside the vehicle.

[0048] Optionally, the vehicle window glass 10 is a front windshield. Of course, in other possible embodiments, the vehicle window glass 10 may also be a rear windshield, side window glass, etc. The vehicle window glass 10 includes an outer glass layer 101, an adhesive layer 103, and an inner glass layer 102, which are stacked in sequence. The outer glass layer 101 has a first surface 110 and a second surface 112. The inner glass layer 102 has a third surface 121 and a fourth surface 122. The adhesive layer 103 is connected between the second surface 112 and the third surface 121. The first surface 110 faces the outside of the vehicle 1000, the second surface 112 and the third surface 121 both face the adhesive layer 103, and the fourth surface 122 faces the inside of the vehicle 1000. The second surface 112 of the outer glass layer 101 and the third surface 121 of the inner glass layer 102 are connected together by the adhesive layer 103.

[0049] This application does not impose specific limitations on the thickness of the outer glass layer 101, the material of the outer glass layer 101, the material of the bonding layer 103, the thickness of the inner glass layer 102, or the material of the inner glass layer 102. For example, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 can be greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. The material of the outer glass layer 101 can include at least one of soda-lime glass, high-aluminum glass, lithium-aluminum glass, and borosilicate glass. The material of the bonding layer 103 can be polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), or ionomer film (Sentry Glass Plus, SGP). The thickness of the inner glass layer 102 can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm. The material of the inner glass layer 102 can include at least one of soda-lime glass, high-aluminum glass, lithium-aluminum glass, and borosilicate glass. The thickness of the outer glass layer 101 and the inner glass layer 102 may be the same or different. Preferably, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is greater than that of the inner glass layer 102. The material of the outer glass layer 101 and the inner glass layer 102 may be the same or different.

[0050] In one possible embodiment, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 can be 2.1 mm, and the thickness of the inner glass layer 102 can be 1.6 mm. In another possible embodiment, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 can be 5 mm, and the thickness of the inner glass layer 102 can be 0.7 mm. By ensuring that the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, the outer glass layer 101 comprises at least one of silicate glass, high-aluminum glass, and borosilicate glass, and the thickness of the inner glass layer 102 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm, and the inner glass layer 102 comprises at least one of silicate glass, high-aluminum glass, and borosilicate glass, the strength and lightweight of the vehicle window glass 10 can be ensured.

[0051] The inner glass layer 102 has a first opening 120 extending through the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 122. It will be appreciated that the first opening 120 is a through-hole provided in the inner glass layer 102. The optical device 20 collects environmental data external to the vehicle through an optical window within the first opening 120. The optical device 20 is typically mounted near the vehicle roof to facilitate a larger field of view. Preferably, the first opening 120 is located near the top edge of the inner glass layer 102. To ensure the overall strength of the vehicle window glass 10 and better protect vehicle occupants, the area of ​​the first opening 120 is S1, and the area of ​​the vehicle window glass 10 is S. Preferably, S1 and S satisfy the following relationship: 0.0004 ≤ S1 / S ≤ 0.15. This also meets the minimum field of view (FOV) requirement for the optical device 20 to acquire environmental data external to the vehicle and reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the vehicle window glass 10. Optionally, S1 and S may also satisfy: 0.0005≤S1 / S≤0.1, or may satisfy: 0.001≤S1 / S≤0.008.

[0052] In one possible embodiment, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is increased accordingly so that the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is 0.5 mm to 4.3 mm greater than that of the inner glass layer 102. For example, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is 2.1 mm and the thickness of the inner glass layer 102 is 1.6 mm. For another example, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is 3.0 mm and the thickness of the inner glass layer 102 is 1.1 mm. For another example, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is 3.5 mm and the thickness of the inner glass layer 102 is 0.7 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 is 1 mm to 3 mm greater than that of the inner glass layer 102. This increases the thickness of the outer glass layer 101 in the region corresponding to the first opening 120, reduces the risk of stress concentration at the contour boundary of the first opening 120 during use of the vehicle window glass 10, and improves the overall mechanical properties and structural strength of the vehicle window glass 10.

[0053] The optical device 20 is disposed on the side of the inner glass layer 102 facing away from the adhesive layer 103. It will be appreciated that the optical device 20 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 and can be secured to the surface of the inner glass layer 102 facing away from the adhesive layer 103, or to a roof rail, using a bracket or the like. The optical device 20 is oriented toward the first opening 120.

[0054] As shown in Figure 3, Figure 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the vehicle window assembly 100 shown in Figure 2. The vertical field of view angle of the optical device 20 is β. The vertical field of view angle of the optical device 20 is the field of view angle of the vertical cross-section of the optical device 20. The vertical direction can refer to the Y-axis shown in Figure 3. The angle between the central axis of the optical device 20 and the target axis of the second surface 112 is α. In this application, the central axis of the optical device 20 can be understood as the optical axis of the optical device 20. The central axis of the optical device 20 can refer to the M axis shown in Figure 3. The target axis of the second surface 112 is the extension line of the second surface 112 in the vertical cross-section of the vehicle window assembly 100. The target axis of the second surface 112 can refer to the N axis shown in Figure 3. The target axis of the second surface 112 can also be understood as the line connecting the bottom and top of the second surface 112. The dimension of the first opening 120 along the extension direction of the target axis is a. The field of view of the optical device 20 forms an optical window 210 on the vehicle window glass 10. The optical window 210 is located in the first opening 120. The dimension of the optical window 210 along the extension direction of the target axis is b. The absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window 210 is less than or equal to 60 mdpt, which is much smaller than the diopter value of 200 mdpt required in the related art.

[0055] Among them, a≥b+10, b=K1×[1 / tan(α-β / 2)-1 / tan(α+β / 2)], that is, in the extension direction along the target axis, the difference between the size of the first opening portion 120 and the size of the optical window 210 is greater than or equal to 10 mm, ensuring that the vertical refractive power of the optical window 210 is not affected by the inner glass layer 102, thereby facilitating the improvement of the detection quality of the optical device 20 and meeting the refractive power requirements of high-precision cameras with narrow field of view.

[0056] In the present application, K1 is a constant and K1 = 12 to 18. Optionally, K1 can be one of 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18. The units of a and b are both millimeters (mm).

[0057] Optionally, α is greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 45°. β is greater than or equal to 17° and less than or equal to 65°. For example, α can be one of 20°, 24°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 42°, 45°, etc. β can be one of 17°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 65°, etc. By making α greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 45°, and β greater than or equal to 17° and less than or equal to 65°, while achieving the selection of a high-precision camera with a narrow field of view, the absolute value of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window 210 is less than or equal to 60 mdpt.

[0058] As shown in Figure 4, Figure 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vehicle window assembly 100. The field of view angle of the optical device 20 in the horizontal direction is γ. The field of view angle of the optical device 20 in the horizontal direction is the field of view angle of the horizontal cross-section of the optical device 20. Among them, the horizontal direction can refer to the X-axis direction shown in Figure 4. It can be understood that the horizontal direction is orthogonal to the vertical direction. The dimension of the first opening portion 120 along the horizontal direction is m. The dimension of the optical window 210 on the second surface 112 and along the horizontal direction is n. The absolute value of the vertical refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mdpt, which is much smaller than the refractive power value of 200mdpt required by the related art.

[0059] Where m ≥ n + 10; n = K² × tan(γ / 2) / sin(α). That is, in the horizontal direction, the difference between the size of the first opening 120 and the size of the optical window 210 is greater than or equal to 10 mm. This ensures that the horizontal refractive index of the optical window 210 is not affected by the inner glass layer 102, thereby improving the inspection quality of the optical device 20 and meeting the refractive index requirements of high-precision cameras with narrow field of view.

[0060] In the present application, K2 is a constant and K2 = 24 to 36. Optionally, K2 can be one of 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36. The units of m and n are both millimeters (mm).

[0061] Optionally, γ is greater than or equal to 28° and less than or equal to 120°. For example, γ can be 28°, 40°, 65°, 74°, 89°, 97°, 120°, etc. By setting γ to be greater than or equal to 28° and less than or equal to 120°, the absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical window 210 is less than or equal to 60 mdpt while enabling the use of a high-precision camera with a narrow field of view.

[0062] In a possible embodiment, the absolute value of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window 210 is less than or equal to 50mdpt, and the horizontal block range value of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mdpt. Optionally, the absolute value of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window 210 may be less than or equal to 38mdpt, and the horizontal block range value of the optical window may be less than or equal to 37mdpt. The horizontal refractive power of the optical window 210 refers to the refractive power of the optical window 210 along the horizontal direction. The horizontal block range value of the optical window 210 refers to dividing the optical window 210 into several blocks, detecting the maximum refractive power and the minimum refractive power of each block in the horizontal direction, and calculating the difference between the maximum refractive power and the minimum refractive power as the range value of each block. The maximum value among the range values ​​of all blocks is the horizontal block range value of the optical window 210.

[0063] In a possible embodiment, the absolute value of the vertical refractive power of the optical window 210 is less than or equal to 50mdpt, and the vertical block range value of the optical window 210 is less than or equal to 50mdpt. Optionally, the absolute value of the vertical refractive power of the optical window 210 may be less than or equal to 30mdpt, and the vertical block range value of the optical window 210 may be less than or equal to 50mdpt. The vertical refractive power of the optical window 210 refers to the refractive power of the optical window along the extension direction of the target axis. The vertical block range value of the optical window 210 refers to dividing the optical window into several blocks, detecting the maximum refractive power and the minimum refractive power of each block in the extension direction of the target axis, calculating the difference between the maximum refractive power and the minimum refractive power as the range value of each block, and the maximum value among the range values ​​of all blocks is the vertical block range value of the optical window 210.

[0064] In one possible embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , the distance between the optical device 20 and the vehicle window glass 10 is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. The distance between the optical device 20 and the vehicle window glass 10, i.e., the minimum gap between the optical device 20 and the fourth surface 122 of the inner glass layer 102, can be specifically referred to as dimension c in FIG3 .

[0065] In this embodiment, by ensuring that the distance c between the optical device 20 and the vehicle window glass 10 is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, specifically 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, etc., the optical device 20 is kept as close to the vehicle window glass 10 as possible while also facilitating the positioning and size of the first opening 120. In this application, the constants K1 and K2 can be determined based on the distance c between the optical device 20 and the vehicle window glass 10. For example, when the distance c is 2 mm, the constant K1 is 12 and the constant K2 is 24. For another example, when the distance c is 5 mm, the constant K1 is 18 and the constant K2 is 36. When the distance c is greater than 2 mm and less than 5 mm, K1 can be set to a value greater than 12 and less than 18, and K2 can be set to a value greater than 24 and less than 36, depending on the actual design.

[0066] With reference to Figures 5 to 8 , the shape of the first opening portion 120 can be one of a trapezoid, a circle, an ellipse, a square, and a rectangle. The area enclosed by the dotted lines within the first opening portion 120 is the optical window 210 formed on the vehicle window glass 10 by the field of view of the optical device 20. As shown in Figure 5 , the shape of the first opening portion 120 is a trapezoid. As shown in Figure 6 , the shape of the first opening portion 120 is a circle. As shown in Figure 7 , the shape of the first opening portion 120 is an ellipse. As shown in Figure 8 , the shape of the first opening portion 120 is a rectangle.

[0067] 2 , 3 and 4 , the adhesive layer 103 has a second opening 130 . The second opening 130 is connected to the first opening 120 , and the optical window 210 is located in the second opening 130 .

[0068] In one possible embodiment, the dimension of the second opening portion 130 along the extension direction of the target axis may be greater than or equal to a, and / or the dimension of the second opening portion 130 along the horizontal direction may be greater than or equal to m. In other words, the area of ​​the second opening portion 130 may be greater than or equal to the area of ​​the first opening portion 120.

[0069] In this embodiment, the bonding layer 103 is provided with a second opening portion 130, the second opening portion 130 is connected to the first opening portion 120, and the optical window is located in the second opening portion 130. This can prevent the softening and deformation of the bonding layer 103 caused by heating, pressurization and other processes during the production process of the vehicle window glass 10 from affecting the optical quality of the optical window 210, and ensure that the absolute values ​​of the horizontal refractive power and the vertical refractive power of the optical window 210 are both small.

[0070] Further, referring to Figures 9 to 11 , Figure 9 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly according to a second embodiment of the present application. The vehicle window glass 10 further includes a first shielding layer 104 disposed on the second surface 112 . The first shielding layer 104 defines a third opening 140 . The third opening 140 communicates with the second opening 130 , and the optical window 210 is located within the third opening 140 .

[0071] Specifically, the outer glass layer 101, the first shielding layer 104, the adhesive layer 103, and the inner glass layer 102 are stacked in sequence. The third opening 140 of the first shielding layer 104 communicates with the first opening 120 of the inner glass layer 102 and the second opening 130 of the adhesive layer 103. The first shielding layer 104 can be used to shield components within the vehicle, ensuring consistent color coordination around the window glass 10 and improving its appearance. It can also block solar radiation, prevent aging of components within the vehicle, and improve product stability and service life. The material of the first shielding layer 104 is preferably at least one of black ceramic ink, brown ceramic ink, black ultraviolet ink, and brown ultraviolet ink. It can be formed by screen printing, inkjet printing, or other methods. The thickness of the first shielding layer 104 is in the micrometer range, for example, 5 to 40 micrometers.

[0072] Referring to Figures 9 to 11 , the first shielding layer 104 is disposed around the four edges of the second surface 112 and extends a T-shaped shielding area from the top center toward the center of the second surface 112. This is because the optical device 20 is typically integrated into the top center of the vehicle window glass 10. To accommodate the vehicle's appearance and component placement, these components can be shielded by the T-shaped shielding area of ​​the first shielding layer 104. To allow the optical device 20 to collect data about the vehicle's external environment through the first opening 120 and the second opening 130, the T-shaped shielding area of ​​the first shielding layer 104 is provided with a third opening 140. That is, the third opening 140 is not covered by the first shielding layer 104, and the optical window 210 is located within the third opening 140.

[0073] In some embodiments, the dimension of the third opening 140 along the extension direction of the target axis is greater than or equal to b and less than or equal to a, and / or the dimension of the third opening 140 along the horizontal direction is greater than or equal to n and less than or equal to m. In other words, the area of ​​the third opening 140 can be greater than or equal to the area of ​​the optical window 210. Typically, the area of ​​the third opening 140 is slightly larger than the area of ​​the optical window 210. This can prevent the third opening 140 from being insufficient in area, which would result in a reduced field of view, and can also prevent the third opening 140 from being too large in area, which would result in excessive external stray light entering the optical device 20 and causing poor image quality. Preferably, the outline of the third opening 140 is 1 to 20 mm larger than the outline of the optical window 210. Specific examples include 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, etc., and preferably 1 to 10 mm. Moreover, the area of ​​the third opening portion 140 is smaller than or equal to the area of ​​the first opening portion 120 to achieve a better shielding effect; in Figures 10 and 11, the first shielding layer 104 has an extension portion 1041 extending into the first opening portion 120, so that the area of ​​the third opening portion 140 is smaller than the area of ​​the first opening portion 120. The extension portion 1041 can be continuous printing ink or spaced-apart dot ink, preferably spaced-apart dot ink, which can further improve the optical quality of the optical window 210.

[0074] Further, referring to Figure 12, which is a vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly according to a third embodiment of the present application, the vehicle window glass 10 further includes a second shielding layer 105 disposed on the fourth surface 122. A first opening 120 extends through the second shielding layer 105. The second shielding layer 105 can be located solely at the top center of the fourth surface 122, conforming to the T-shaped shielding region of the first shielding layer 104. Alternatively, the second shielding layer 105 can be disposed around all four edges of the fourth surface 122, extending a T-shaped shielding region from the top center toward the center of the fourth surface 122. Specifically, the outer glass layer 101, the first shielding layer 104, the adhesive layer 103, the inner glass layer 102, and the second shielding layer 105 are stacked in sequence. The second shielding layer 105 is preferably made of at least one of black ceramic ink, brown ceramic ink, black ultraviolet ink, and brown ultraviolet ink, and can be formed by screen printing, inkjet printing, or other methods. The thickness of the first shielding layer 104 is in the micrometer range, for example, 5 to 40 micrometers.

[0075] Two pieces of 2.1 mm thick silicate glass were prepared. Each piece of silicate glass was bent into shape according to a bending process for automotive glass, such as a deadweight bending process or a press bending process. The two bent silicate glasses and a piece of 0.76 mm PVB were then combined, initially pressed, and high-pressure treated to form the vehicle window glasses of Comparative Examples 1-15. The horizontal refractive power of the optical windows of Comparative Examples 1-15, the horizontal square range value of the optical windows, the vertical refractive power of the optical windows, and the vertical square range value of the optical windows were measured and calculated, and the measurement results were recorded in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1: Measurement results of the vehicle window glasses of Comparative Examples 1-15

[0077] Two pieces of 2.1 mm thick silicate glass were prepared, one of which was provided with a first opening portion 120. Each piece of silicate glass was bent into shape according to a bending process for automotive glass, such as a deadweight bending process or a press bending process. The two bent silicate glasses and a piece of 0.76 mm PVB were then combined, initially pressed, and high-pressure treated to form the vehicle window glass of Examples 1-15. The silicate glass provided with the first opening portion 120 formed the inner glass layer 102, and the other piece of silicate glass formed the outer glass layer 101. The horizontal refractive power of the optical window of Examples 1-15, the horizontal block range value of the optical window, the vertical refractive power of the optical window, and the vertical block range value of the optical window were measured and calculated, and the measurement results were recorded in Table 2.

[0078] Table 2: Measurement results of the vehicle window glasses of Examples 1-15

[0079] The data in Tables 1 and 2 were measured using the LABSCAN-SCREEN system from ISRA VISION. Horizontal diopter was measured using filter parameters of 3 / 2 / 1, 30 / 5 / 5, and a detection angle of 24.5° to determine the maximum horizontal diopter of the optical window. The horizontal block range was determined by dividing the optical window into several 15mm*15mm blocks. The maximum and minimum horizontal diopters of each block were measured using filter parameters of 3 / 2 / 1, 30 / 5 / 5, and a detection angle of 24.5°. The difference between the maximum and minimum diopters was calculated as the block range, and the maximum value among all block ranges was taken as the horizontal block range. Vertical diopter was measured using filter parameters of 3 / 2 / 1, 30 / 5 / 5, and a detection angle of 24.5° to determine the maximum horizontal diopter of the optical window along the extended direction of the target axis. The vertical block error value is calculated by dividing the optical window into several 15mm*15mm blocks. Using filter parameters of 3 / 2 / 1, 30 / 5 / 5, and a detection angle of 24.5°, the maximum and minimum diopters of each block along the extension of the target axis are measured. The difference between the maximum and minimum diopters is calculated as the block error value, and the maximum value among all the block error values ​​is taken as the vertical block error value. The positive and negative signs of the horizontal and vertical diopters in Tables 1 and 2 only indicate the direction of optical distortion. Positive numbers indicate convex distortion, while negative numbers indicate concave distortion. The absolute values ​​of the horizontal and vertical diopters indicate the degree of optical distortion. Larger absolute values ​​indicate greater distortion.

[0080] As can be seen from Table 1, for Comparative Examples 1-15, which utilize conventional laminated glass for vehicle windows, the absolute values ​​of the horizontal refractive power of their optical windows are all greater than 80 mdpt, and the horizontal block error values ​​are all greater than 55 mdpt. Since vehicle windows, as front windshields, are typically installed in a vertical orientation to minimize visual distortion and fatigue for the driver, the horizontal optical deformation of the optical window has the greatest impact on imaging by optical devices, resulting in greater distortion of the captured image. As can be seen from Table 2, for Examples 1-15, which utilize the vehicle window glass 10 of the present application, the absolute values ​​of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window can be significantly reduced to less than or equal to 60 mdpt, even less than or equal to 50 mdpt, and even less than or equal to 40 mdpt. At the same time, the horizontal block error values ​​of the optical window can also be reduced to less than or equal to 50 mdpt, even less than or equal to 40 mdpt, and even less than or equal to 30 mdpt, indicating that the optical deformation of the optical window in the horizontal direction is relatively uniform, preventing the captured image from exhibiting localized abnormal distortion.

[0081] Furthermore, as can be seen from Table 1, for Comparative Examples 1-15, which utilize conventional laminated glass for vehicle window glass, the absolute values ​​of the vertical refractive powers of their optical windows are all greater than 25 mdpt, and the vertical block error values ​​are all greater than 30 mdpt. As can be seen from Table 2, for Examples 1-14, which utilize the vehicle window glass 10 of the present application, the absolute values ​​of the vertical refractive powers of the optical windows can be reduced to less than 25 mdpt, or even less than or equal to 20 mdpt. In some embodiments, the vertical block error value of the optical window can also be reduced to less than 30 mdpt, indicating that the degree of optical deformation of the optical window along the extension direction of the target axis is relatively uniform, preventing the acquired image from exhibiting local abnormal distortion.

[0082] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13 , which is a vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly according to a fourth embodiment of the present application, the vehicle window glass 10 may further include an anti-reflection layer 106 disposed on the second surface 112 . The anti-reflection layer 106 may be located within the third opening 140 and cover the optical window 210 . The anti-reflection layer 106 is used to reduce the reflectivity of the outer glass layer 101 on light emitted and / or received by the optical device 20, thereby improving the detection quality of the optical device 20 .

[0083] Furthermore, the vehicle window glass 10 may also include an electric heating element disposed on the second surface 112. The electric heating element may include an electric heating wire, an electric heating plate, or the like, such as a tungsten wire. The electric heating element may be located within the third opening 140 and cover at least a portion of the optical window 210. The electric heating element is used to heat the optical window 210, thereby defogging and defrosting the optical window 210 and improving the inspection quality of the optical device 20.

[0084] Furthermore, the vehicle window glass 10 may also include a heat-insulating layer 107 provided outside the optical window 210. The heat-insulating layer may include at least one metallic silver layer, a silver alloy layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer. The heat-insulating layer may be used to reflect infrared rays, and may even be electrically heated by adding a busbar; the heat-insulating layer may be directly deposited onto the second surface 112 or the third surface 121 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (CVD), for example, by magnetron sputtering deposition; and preferably, the heat-insulating layer may be able to withstand high-temperature heat treatment, such as heat treatment processes of bending processes such as baking or tempering. Specifically, the heat-insulating layer may include at least one metallic silver layer, a silver alloy layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer, and the transparent conductive oxide layer may be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO), aluminum-doped zinc dioxide (AZO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), and the like. The thermal insulation layer further includes at least two dielectric layers, each of which is located between two dielectric layers. The dielectric layer is made of an oxide, nitride, or oxynitride selected from at least one of the following: Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu, and Sm. For example, the dielectric layer may be zinc tin oxide (ZnSnOx), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), titanium oxide (TiOx), silicon zirconium nitride (SiZrN), silicon aluminum nitride (SiAlN), or silicon aluminum oxide (SiAlO).

[0085] Optionally, the outer glass layer 101 is clear glass or extra-clear glass. The inner glass layer 102 is clear glass or tinted glass. The clear glass has a total iron content of less than or equal to 0.08% and a visible light transmittance of greater than or equal to 80%. The extra-clear glass has a total iron content of less than or equal to 0.015% and a visible light transmittance of greater than or equal to 91%. The tinted glass has a total iron content of greater than or equal to 0.1% and a visible light transmittance of greater than 70%.

[0086] Optionally, optical device 20 can be used to collect data about the external environment of vehicle 1000. For example, optical device 20 can include a visible light camera, a near-infrared camera, a thermal imager, a lidar, a gesture detection sensor, etc. Optical device 20 can better assist in achieving vehicle intelligence and safety performance.

[0087] In one possible embodiment, the optical device 20 is a visible light camera with a pixel count greater than or equal to 2 million. The MTF value of the visible light camera at 1 / 2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6. The photosensitive chip of the visible light camera can be a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or a charge coupled device (CCD). The pixel count of the visible light camera can be 2 million pixels, 5 million pixels, 8 million pixels, etc. The size of the photosensitive chip of the visible light camera can be 2 / 3" (8.8mm*6.6mm), 1 / 1.7" (7.4mm*5.6mm), 1 / 1.8" (7.2mm*5.3mm), etc. Larger photosensitive chips are preferred to receive more light signals. The focal length, aperture number, and viewing angle of the visible light camera lens parameters should meet the requirements of the usage scenario. The maximum optical distortion of the visible light camera lens is less than 3%, and the modulation transfer function (MTF) value of the visible light camera at 1 / 2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6, thus meeting the requirements of high-definition image acquisition.

[0088] In order to further meet the needs of high-definition image acquisition, especially to meet the image acquisition needs of visible light cameras with pixels greater than or equal to 5 million or even greater than or equal to 8 million, the optical window 210 preferably has a first transmittance TL1 for visible light with a wavelength of 440nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 0 to 70°, and TL1 ≥ 50%. Specific examples include TL1 = 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, and even TL1 ≥ 70%. Furthermore, the transmittance TL2 of the optical window 210 for visible light with a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 0 to 70°, the ratio of TL2 to TL1 TL2 / TL1 ≥ 0.8, the ratio of TL2 to TL1 is also commonly referred to as the red light ratio, and specific examples include TL2 / TL1 = 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.88, etc., preferably TL2 / TL1 ≥ 0.85.

[0089] The features mentioned above in the description, claims and drawings can be combined with each other in any manner as long as they are meaningful within the scope of the present application. The advantages and features described for the vehicle window assembly 100 apply in a corresponding manner to the vehicle 1000.

[0090] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle window assembly, characterized in that: include: A vehicle window glass, the vehicle window glass comprising an outer glass layer, an adhesive layer and an inner glass layer stacked in sequence, the outer glass layer having a first surface and a second surface, the inner glass layer having a third surface and a fourth surface, the adhesive layer being connected between the second surface and the third surface, and the inner glass layer having a first opening portion penetrating through the third surface and the fourth surface; and An optical device, the optical device being arranged on a side of the inner glass layer facing away from the bonding layer; Among them, the field of view angle of the optical device in the vertical direction is β, the angle between the central axis of the optical device and the target axis of the second surface is α, the size of the first opening portion along the extension direction of the target axis is a, the field of view area of ​​the optical device forms an optical window on the vehicle window glass, the optical window is located in the first opening portion, and the size of the optical window along the extension direction of the target axis is b; the absolute value of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mdpt, a≥b+10; b=K1×[1 / tan(α-β / 2)-1 / tan(α+β / 2)], K1 is a constant and K1=12~18.

2. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The α is greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 45°; the β is greater than or equal to 17° and less than or equal to 65°.

3. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The field of view angle of the optical device in the horizontal direction is γ; the size of the first opening portion along the horizontal direction is m, and the size of the optical window on the second surface and along the horizontal direction is n, m≥n+10; n=K2×tan(γ / 2) / sin(α), K2 is a constant and K2=24~36, and the absolute value of the vertical refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mdpt.

4. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The γ is greater than or equal to 28° and less than or equal to 120°.

5. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absolute value of the horizontal refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mdpt, and the horizontal block range value of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mdpt.

6. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absolute value of the vertical refractive power of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mdpt, and the vertical block range value of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mdpt.

7. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the optical device and the vehicle window glass is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

8. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding layer is provided with a second opening portion, the second opening portion is connected to the first opening portion and the optical window is located in the second opening portion.

9. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass also includes a first shielding layer arranged on the second surface, the first shielding layer has a third opening portion, the third opening portion is connected to the second opening portion and the optical window is located in the third opening portion.

10. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The area of ​​the optical window is smaller than the area of ​​the third opening portion, the area of ​​the third opening portion is smaller than or equal to the area of ​​the first opening portion, and the area of ​​the second opening portion is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the first opening portion.

11. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass also includes an anti-reflection layer arranged on the second surface, the anti-reflection layer is located in the third opening portion and covers the optical window, and the anti-reflection layer is used to reduce the reflectivity of the outer glass layer to the light emitted and / or received by the optical device.

12. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass further includes an electric heating element disposed on the second surface, wherein the electric heating element is located in the third opening portion and covers at least a portion of the optical window.

13. The vehicle window assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass further includes a second shielding layer disposed on the fourth surface.

14. The vehicle window assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass also includes a heat insulation layer arranged outside the optical window, and the heat insulation layer includes at least one metal silver layer, a silver alloy layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer.

15. The vehicle window assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The outer glass layer is transparent glass or extra-transparent glass, and the inner glass layer is transparent glass or tinted glass; The total iron content of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.08%, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is greater than or equal to 80%; the total iron content of the ultra-transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.015%, and the visible light transmittance of the ultra-transparent glass is greater than or equal to 91%; the total iron content of the colored glass is greater than or equal to 0.1%, and the visible light transmittance of the colored glass is greater than 70%.

16. The vehicle window assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The optical window has a first transmittance TL1 for visible light with a wavelength of 440nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 0 to 70°, and a transmittance TL2 for visible light with a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm incident at an incident angle of 0 to 70°, TL1≥50%, and the ratio of TL2 to TL1 TL2 / TL1≥0.

8.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle window assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the first surface faces the outside of the vehicle, and the fourth surface faces the inside of the vehicle.

18. The vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that The optical device is a visible light camera with a pixel greater than or equal to 2 million, and the MTF value of the visible light camera at 1 / 2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6.

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