Devices and methods for communication
By enabling terminal devices to indicate a second relay device for path switching and managing path additions, the solution addresses the challenges of maintaining continuous communication in wireless networks, enhancing reliability and flexibility.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/122286
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication technologies face challenges in efficiently managing path switching and path addition in wireless communication networks, particularly in maintaining continuous communication as the location and communication conditions of terminal devices change.
The implementation of methods and devices that allow terminal devices to indicate a second relay device for path switching, enabling the transition from a first path to a second path between the terminal device and a network device via a different relay device, as well as the cancellation of path switching and the addition of direct or indirect paths.
This approach enhances communication reliability by enabling seamless path switching and addition, improving network flexibility and reducing communication disruptions due to changes in device location or conditions.
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Figure CN2023122286_03042025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATION
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for path switching and path addition.BACKGROUND
[0003] In wireless communication network device, a terminal device may communicate with the network device via a direct path or an indirect path. Specifically, in case of the direct path, the terminal device may communicate with the network device directly, while in case of the indirect path, the terminal device may communicate with the network device via at least one relay device such as relay terminal device. Further, the location of the terminal device and the communication condition may change over time. In order to maintain a continuous communication with the network, the terminal device may be switched to a new path or connected to a new network device sometimes, i.e., performing a path switching or a path addition.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, devices and computer storage medium for path switching and path addition.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: indicate, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for path switching to a second path between the terminal device and a further network device via a second relay device, to trigger the terminal device to indicate, to an upper layer, the second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and the network device.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a second network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the second network device to: receive, from a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device; and perform the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: receive, from a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a second network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the second network device to: transmit, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device; and perform the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; determine availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message, wherein the second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device; and communicate with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first re lay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; and communicate with the network device via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device; and in accordance with a determination that the first indirect path is kept, communicate with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path.
[0014] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device.
[0015] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: indicating, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device.
[0016] In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device, a message for path switching to a second path between the terminal device and a further network device via a second relay device, to trigger the terminal device to indicate, to an upper layer, the second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and the network device.
[0017] In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a first network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device.
[0018] In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a second network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device; and performing the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0019] In a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a first network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device.
[0020] In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a second network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device; and performing the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0021] In a seventeenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; determining availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message, wherein the second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device; and communicating with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0022] In an eighteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; and communicating with the network device via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0023] In a nineteenth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device; and in accordance with a determination that the first indirect path is kept, communicating with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path.
[0024] In a twentieth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a terminal device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device.
[0025] In a twenty-first aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one proce ssor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, or twentieth aspect.
[0026] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0029] FIG. 2 illustrates an example diagram of indirect to indirect (I2I) path switching;
[0030] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow for I2I path switching in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 4 illustrates an example diagram for handover cancelling;
[0032] FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B illustrate signaling flows for path switching cancelling in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0033] FIG. 6A illustrates an example diagram for direct path addition;
[0034] FIG. 6B illustrates an example diagram for indirect path addition;
[0035] FIG. 6C illustrates an example signaling flow for indirect path addition;
[0036] FIG. 7 illustrates a signaling flow for multi path (MP) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0037] FIG. 8 illustrates an example diagram for indirect path addition for MP;
[0038] FIG. 9 illustrates a signaling flow for indirect path addition for MP in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0039] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0040] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0041] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0042] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0043] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0044] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0045] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0046] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0047] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0048] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0049] FIG. 20 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0050] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0051] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0052] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0053] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further have ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0054] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0055] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0056] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0057] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0058] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0059] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0060] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0061] In the wireless communication network, a terminal device such as user equipment (UE) may communicate with the network via a direct network connection (referred to as a direct path) or an indirect network connection (referred to as an indirect path) . Further, in case of path switching, the communication path of the terminal device may be switched from a source network device to a target network device. In some embodiments, the source network device and the target network device are located in a same physical device (referred to as intra-gNB) . Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the source network device and the target network device are located in different physical devices (referred to as inter-gNB) .
[0062] For ease of discussion, some terms used in the following description are listed as below. The term “a direct network connection” or “a direct path” refers to one mode of network connection, where there is no relay terminal device / relay UE between a terminal device and the network device. The term “an indirect network connection” , “an indirect path” or “relaying path” refers to one mode of network connection, where there is a relay terminal device / relay UE between a terminal device and the network device.
[0063] The term “remote terminal device” , “remote UE” or “UE-to network (U2N) remote UE” refers to a terminal device that may communicate with a network device via an indirect path or another UE such as a relay UE.
[0064] The term “relay terminal device” refers to a terminal device that provides functionality to support connectivity to the network or other UE for remote UE (s) , which may also be referred to as “relay UE” , “relay” “U2N UE” , “layer two (L2) U2N UE” , “U2N relay” , “L2 U2N relay UE” , “UE-to-UE relay UE” , “UE-to-UE relay candidate relay UE” , “target relay UE” , “candidate UE” , “target UE” or “relay device” , and / or the like.
[0065] The term “source network device” or “first network device” refers to a serving network device of the remote terminal device and / or the source relay terminal device before a path switching (PS) procedure. The term “target network device” or “second network device” refers to a serving network device of the remote terminal device and / or the target relay terminal device after a PS procedure. The first network device and the second network device may be a single network device, such as the intra-node / intra-gNB case.
[0066] The term “direct to indirect (D2I) path switching” or “D2I path switch” refers to switching from direct to indirect path, or switching to indirect path via a Relay UE. The term “indirect to indirect (I2I) path switching” or “I2I path switch” refers to switching from indirect to indirect path, or switching from an indirect path via a first relay UE to another indirect path via a second Relay UE. The term “indirect to direct (I2D) path switching” or “I2D path switch” refers to switching from direct to indirect path, or switching from an indirect path via a relay UE to a cell, such as PCell.
[0067] The term “layer two (L2) identity (ID) ” refers to an ID of a device, such as a source L2 ID, a destination L2 ID, which may be 32bits, 24 bits or other bit length.
[0068] The term “PC5 unicast link” may refer to a link between the remote terminal device and the relay terminal device, which may also be referred to as PC5 radio resource control (RRC) connection, PC5-RRC connection, Layer2 link, Layer 2 unicast link, PC5 connection, PC5 link, or device to device link. The term “release an indirect path” may include “release a PC5 unicast link” . The term “establish an indirect path” may include “establish a PC5 unicast link” .
[0069] The term “upper layer” may refer to for example, PC5-Signaling layer, PC5-Slayer, vehicle to everything (V2X) layer, or ProSe layer. The term “access stratum (AS) layer” may refer to an RRC layer or a lower layer.
[0070] The term “multi-path (MP) ” refers to a mode of operation of a remote UE in RRC_CONNECTED configured with one direct path on which the UE connects to gNB using NR Uu, and one indirect path on which the UE connects to the same gNB via a relay UE using L2 U2N relay operation or non-3GPP connectivity.
[0071] The term “PC5 relay RLC channel” refers to a radio link control (RLC) channel between L2 U2N Remote UE and L2 U2N Relay UE, which is used to transport packets over PC5 for L2 UE-to-Network relay.
[0072] The term “non-third generation partnership project (3GPP) connection (N3C) indirect path” refers to the indirect path in multi-path on which the remote UE connects to network via a relay UE using non-3GPP connectivity.
[0073] The term “SL indirect path” refers to the indirect path in multi-path on which the L2 U2N Remote UE connects to network via a L2 U2N Relay UE.
[0074] The term “Split data radio bearer (DRB) ” refers to that in multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) or MP, a DRB that supports transmission via master cell group (MCG) (i.e., direct path in MP) and secondary cell group (SCG) / indirect path in MP, as well as duplication of (packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) protocol data units (PDUs) .
[0075] The term “Split signaling radio bearer (SRB) ” refers to that in MR-DC or MP, an SRB that supports transmission via MCG (i.e., direct path in MP) and SCG / indirect path in MP, as well as duplication of RRC PDUs.
[0076] The term “Uu relay RLC channel” refers to an RLC channel between L2 U2N relay UE and gNB, which is used to transport packets over Uu for L2 UE-to-Network relay.
[0077] In the present disclosure, the terms of “target” and “candidate” may be used changeably sometimes, for example, a candidate node / device may be referred to as a target node / device when it is selected. Further, if the candidate node / device is not selected, the candidate node / device may be called as the other (potential) target network device (s) .
[0078] In the present disclosure, the expressions “kept” , “maintained” , “reused” , “not changed” or “modified” can be used interchangeably. Likewise, the expressions “keep” , “maintain” , “reuse” , “not change” or “modify” can be used interchangeably. In the present disclosure, the expressions “add” , “establish” , “configure” can be used interchangeably.
[0079] Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0080] FIG. 1 shows an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The communication environment 100 comprises a plurality of terminal devices and network devices. As shown in the FIG. 1, the communication environment 100 comprises a network device 120-1, and a network device 120-2. For purpose of discussion, the network devices 120-1 and 120-2 are collectively referred to as network device 120, or individually refers to as the first network device 120-1 and the second network device 120-2, respectively. In the specific example embodiment of FIG. 1, both inter-gNB network structure and intra-gNB network structure are supported in the communication environment 100.
[0081] The communication environment 100 further comprises a terminal device 110 and a terminal device 130. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the terminal device 110 may communicate with the network device 120 via the terminal devices 130. For purpose of discussion, the terminal devices 110 may be referred to as a remote terminal device 110, and the terminal device 130 may be referred to as a relay device 130 (or a relay terminal device 130) .
[0082] In some example embodiments, a path switching may be triggered. For example, the path between the terminal device 110 and the first network device 120-1 may be switched from the path via the relay device 130 to another relay device such as a target relay device or a candidate relay device. The path switching may be an indirect-to-direct (I2D) path switching for intra-gNB, indirect-to-indirect (I2I) path switching for intra-gNB, direct-to-indirect (D2I) path switching for intra-gNB, I2D for inter-gNB, I2I for inter-gNB, or the like.
[0083] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections in FIG. 1 are given for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations to the present disclosure. The communication network may include any suitable number of network devices and / or terminal devices adapted for implementing implementations of the present disclosure.
[0084] The communications in the communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0085] As mentioned, a terminal device such as user equipment (UE) may communicate with the network via a direct network connection (referred to as a direct path) or an indirect network connection (referred to as an indirect path) .
[0086] For user to network (U2N) relay, during release (Rel) 17, a work item (WI) includes an object on the service continuity for direct to indirect (D2I) path switching and indirect-to-direct (I2D) path switching. Further, in Rel 18, the service continuity for indirect to indirect (I2I) path switching is discussed.
[0087] In some mechanisms, for D2I path switching, a new branch other than normal handover (HO) may include the establishing of PC5 connection. For example, in the RRCReconfiguration IE, CellGroupConfig information element (IE) such as master cell group (MCG) is included. The CellGroupConfig IE may include spCellConfig IE, which includes reconfigurationWithSync IE. If sl-PathSwitchConfig is included in reconfigurationWithSync, the following shown in Table 1 may be applied.
[0088] Table 1
[0089] In some mechanisms, for the I2D path switching, it may include a normal HO procedure and a release of PC5 connection between the remote terminal device and the relay device. For example, in the RRCReconfiguration IE, CellGroupConfig IE is included. The CellGroupConfig IE may include spCellConfig IE such as an identity (ID) for the target cell. The spCellConfig IE includes reconfigurationWithSync IE, which includes resource block (RB) (PDCP) . By way of example, the I2D path switching may be performed as specified in Table 2 below.
[0090] Table 2
[0091] An example sl-PathSwitchConfig IE is shown in Table 3 below.
[0092] Table 3
[0093] In some mechanisms, it is proposed to support the I2I path switching. FIG. 2 illustrates an example diagram 200 showing the I2I path switching 250. Before the I2I path switching 250, a terminal device 210 (referred to as a remote terminal device) is connected to a network device 220 via a first relay device 230. After the I2I path switching, the PC5 link between the terminal device 210 and the first relay device 230 is released. The terminal device 210 is connected to the network device 220 via a second relay device 240. That is, a PC5 link between the terminal device 210 and the second relay device 240 is established.
[0094] For I2I path switching, it is proposed to reuse the SL-PathSwitchConfig IE (including the target relay UE ID and T420) . For example, the network device may generate the RRCReconfiguration including SL-PathSwitchConfig and sends it to the remote terminal device such as a remote UE. It is also proposed that the D2I signaling may be taken as a base line for the I2I path switching. However, the I2I procedure includes both releasing of the source indirect path and addition of the target indirect path. Thus, how to perform the I2I procedure needs to be discussed. For example, how to identify or differentiate D2I and I2I path switching needs to be considered. For another example, the order of the D2I and I2I path switching procedures needs to be designed.
[0095] In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on I2I path switching is proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device (such as a remote terminal device) indicates, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device. For example, in some example embodiments, the first network device may transmit, to the terminal device, a message for path switching to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a second relay device, to trigger the terminal device to indicate, to the upper layer, the second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and the first network device. In this way, the upper lay may be triggered to perform the I2I path switching.
[0096] Reference is made to FIG. 3, which illustrates a signaling flow 300 for I2I path switching in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 300 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the first network device 120-1.
[0097] In operation, the terminal device 110 indicates (330) , to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device 110 and a first network device 120-1, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device 110 and a second network device via the second relay device. In some example embodiments, the first network device 120-1 and the second network device may be the same. Alternatively, the second network device may be different from the first network device 120-1, such as the second network device 120-1 in FIG. 1.
[0098] In some example embodiments, the first network device 120-1 may transmit (310) a message for the path switching to the terminal device 110. The terminal device 110 may receive (320) the message. In response to receiving (320) the message, the terminal device 110 may indicate (330) the second relay device to the upper layer to trigger path switching. By way of example, the message may be reconfigurationWithSync including sl-PathSwitchConfig. Upon receiving (320) the message, the terminal device 110 such as the RRC layer of the terminal device 110 may indicate (330) to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the second relay device such as target Relay UE indicated by the targetRelayUE-Identity.
[0099] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the second relay device to the upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device. For example, upon indicated by the lower layer to establish the PC5 unicast link between the second relay device and the terminal device 110, the upper layer such as V2X layer or any other upper layer may determine whether the terminal device 110 is acting as remote UE at the source side. Alternatively, or in addition, the upper layer may determine if the second relay device (such as the target L2 U2N relay UE) indicated by the lower layer is not the same as the first relay device such as the source or stored or current L2 U2N relay UE. If the terminal device 110 is acting as L2 U2N remote UE at the source side, or if the second relay device is not the same with the first relay device, the upper layer may perform PC5 link release procedures for the source PC5 unicast link, for example via PC5-S signaling. Such upper layer behavior may be after the indicating (330) .
[0100] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device. As used herein, “providing an indication of a relay device to the upper layer” may be equivalent to “indicating an indication of a relay device to the upper layer” .
[0101] In some example embodiments, the first network device 120-1 may transmit (310) a message for the path switching to the terminal device 110. The message may indicate at least one of: the first relay device, the second relay device or the path switching from an indirect path to a further indirect path. As used herein, if the message includes at least one of the first relay device, the second relay device or the path switching from an indirect path to a further indirect path, the message may be considered as including an “indication #1”. The terminal device 110 may receive (320) the message. In response to receiving (320) the message, the terminal device 110 may provide the indication of the first relay device or indicated the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger the release. The indication #1 may be referred to as explicit indication by PC5 RRC layer. The indication may be provided to the upper layer before or after indicating (330) of the path switching. For example, if the indication #1 is included, the terminal device 110 may indicate upper layer with the source relay UE ID (to trigger PC5 unicast link release) . In some cases, the indication #1 may be included or presented for the I2I case. That is, the indication #1 may not be included or presented for the D2I case. Alternatively, the indication #1 may indicate whether the path switching is I2I or D2I.
[0102] Alternatively, or in addition, in some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may provide the indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger the release, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied. A first condition may be that the second relay device is different from the first relay device. A second condition may be that an indirect path between the terminal device 110 and the first network device 120-1 exists. For example, the first indirect path via the first relay device. A third condition may be that the terminal device 110 is acting as a remote terminal device at a source side. In these scenarios, the indication may be implicated indicated by PC5 RRC layer. The indication may be provided to the upper layer before or after indicating (330) of the path switching. For example, if the terminal device 110 is acting as L2 U2N remote UE at the source side, or if the second relay device indicated by the targetRelayUE-Identity is not the same as the source / stored / current L2 U2N Relay UE, the terminal device 110 may indicate the upper layer with the second relay device ID such as the source relay UE ID to trigger the PC5 unicast link release.
[0103] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may trigger a release of a radio resource control connection such as PC5-RRC connection between the terminal device 110 and the first relay device. The terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the first relay device to an upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device 110 and the first relay device. For example, on releasing the PC5 unicast link, AS layer of the terminal device 110 may release the PC5-RRC connection (locally) , then indicate upper layer with the source relay UE ID to trigger PC5 unicast link release.
[0104] In this way, it enables procedures to differentiate D2I and I2I path switching and handle the source indirect path properly.
[0105] An example procedure for the path switching in accordance with the signaling flow 300 may be illustrated as: upon receiving, ReconfigurationwithSync inlcuding sl-PathSwitchConfig, if sl-PathSwitchConfig is included, the terminal device 110 may perform a D2I path switching procedure to establish the target PC5 unicast link. The terminal device 110 may determine to indicate upper layer to trigger PC5 unicast link release with the source relay UE ID if the sl-PathSwitchConfig explicitly indicates the I2I path switching, or if at least one condition mentioned above is satisfied. Otherwise, if the terminal device 110 determines that an HO is triggered (for example, if the sl-PathSwitchConfig is not included) , the terminal device 110 may perform an HO procedure. The terminal device 110 may perform an I2D procedure, to release the source PC5 unicast link release if it is acting as L2 U2N remote UE at the source side. In this way, by reusing the IE for D2I, and defining related rules and procedures, the I2I path switching can be performed.
[0106] Several example embodiments for I2I path switching have been described. In some example embodiments, the path switching procedure needs to be canceled. In some mechanisms, a handover cancel procedure is used to enable a source next generation (NG) radio access network (RAN) node to cancel an ongoing handover preparation or an already prepared handover. FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling flow 400 for the HO cancel. The procedure may use UE-associated signaling. As illustrated in FIG. 4, a source NG-RAN node 410 transmits a message for the handover cancel to a target NG-RAN node 420. The source NG-RAN node 410 initiates the procedure by sending the HANDOVER CANCEL message to the target NG-RAN node 420. The source NG-RAN node 410 may indicate the reason for cancelling the handover by means of an appropriate cause value.
[0107] If the Candidate Cells To Be Cancelled List IE is included in the HANDOVER CANCEL message, the target NG-RAN node 420 may consider that the source NG-RAN node is cancelling only the handover associated to the candidate cells identified by the included NG-RAN CGI and associated to the same UE-associated signaling connection identified by the Source NG-RAN node UE Xn application protocol (XnAP) ID IE and, if included, also by the Target NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE. Table 4 below shows several parameters in the handover cancel message.
[0108] Table 4
[0109] The parameter maxnoofCellsinCHO in Table 4 may refer to a maximum number of cells that can be prepared for a conditional handover. The value of this parameter may be 8 or any other integer.
[0110] As described with respect to FIG. 4, an HO cancel procedure is proposed. However, how to cancel a prepared path switching such as a D2I path switching or an I2I path switching needs to be considered.
[0111] In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on path switching canceling is proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device such as the first network device 120-2 transmits, to a second network device such as the second network device 120-2, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device. In response to receiving the message, the second network device performs the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device. In this way, the path switching procedure can be canceled.
[0112] FIG. 5A illustrates a signaling flow 500 for path switching cancelling in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 500 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the first network device 120-1 and the second network device 120-2.
[0113] In operation, the first network device 120-1 transmits (510) , to the second network device 120-2, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device 120-1 to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device 120-2 via a relay device. For example, the message may be an Xn message. The second network device 120-2 receives (520) the message. The second network device 120-2 performs (530) the cancelling of the path switching by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0114] For example, the path switching may be an ongoing path switching preparation or an already prepared path switching. The Xn message may be transmitted to the second network device 120-2 to cancel an ongoing path switching (PS) preparation or an ongoing handover preparation or an already prepared PS or an already prepared handover. The Xn message may be a new Xn message, or a legacy Xn message such as HADOVER CANCEL.
[0115] In some example embodiments, the path switching may be a D2I path switching, or an I2I path switching. That is, the first path may include a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device 120-1, or an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device 120-1 via a first relay device.
[0116] In some example embodiments, the message may include an identification of the terminal device or ID of the remote UE, such as the Source NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE and the Target NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE. The message may also include a cause value, such as mobility of a first relay device in the first path for I2I case, and / or change of resources for the path switching. Upon the message, the network device may release the resources, such as the resources of cells or resources of relay devices, for the indicated remote UE.
[0117] In some example embodiments, the message may further include one or more relay device IDs, such as Layer 2 ID of relay UE or a predefined number of bits such as 24 bits or 32 bits. For example, the message may include a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device 120-2. That is, the message may include a list of candidate / target relay devices associated with or served by the second network device 120-2. The list of relay devices comprises the relay device for the path switching cancelling. For example, the list of relay devices may be in the form of Target Relays To Be Cancelled List IE, or Candidate Relays To Be Cancelled List IE. In some example embodiments, the number of relay devices in the list may be limited by a threshold, such as maxnoofRelayUesinPS. This threshold may define a maximum of relay devices that can be prepared for a path switching. Value of the threshold may be 32*N or 8*N, wherein N is an integer, such as 1, 2 and so on.
[0118] Alternatively, or in addition, in some example embodiments, the message may include an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices. For example, the indication may be denoted as “indication #2” . The message may alternatively or additionally include an identification of a cell of the second network device, or an identification of the second network device.
[0119] In some example embodiments, if the list of relay devices is absent from the message, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices. That is, the second network device 120-2 may delete relay UEs indicated by Target Relays To Be Cancelled List IE if the IE is presented. If the list of relay devices is absent, and the indication of the cell is included, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices associated with the cell. If the list of relay devices is absent, and the indication of the second network device 120-2 is included, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device 120-2.
[0120] In some example embodiments, the Handover Cancel procedure may be used to enable a source NG-RAN node to cancel an ongoing handover preparation or an ongoing path switch preparation or an already prepared handover or an already prepared path switch. For example, the procedure may use UE-associated signalling.
[0121] The source NG-RAN node may initiate the procedure by sending the HANDOVER CANCEL message to the target NG-RAN node. The source NG-RAN node may indicate the reason for cancelling the handover or path switch by means of an appropriate cause value.
[0122] If the Candidate Cells To Be Cancelled List IE is included in the HANDOVER CANCEL message, the target NG-RAN node shall consider that the source NG-RAN node is cancelling only the handover associated to the candidate cells identified by the included NG-RAN CGI and associated to the same UE-associated signaling connection identified by the Source NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE and, if included, also by the Target NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE.
[0123] If the Target Relay UEs To Be Cancelled List IE is included in the HANDOVER CANCEL message, the target NG-RAN node shall consider that the source NG-RAN node is cancelling only the handover or path switch associated to the target relay UEs identified by the included Relay UE ID and associated to the same UE-associated signaling connection identified by the Source NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE and, if included, also by the Target NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE.
[0124] In this way, the first network device such as the source gNB can be enabled to cancel the prepared path switching (PS) .
[0125] Several example embodiments for path switching canceling have been described. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, another solution for the path switching cancelling is proposed. In the solution, a second network device transmits, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device. The first network device receives the message. The second network device performs the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device. In this way, the path switching can be cancelled.
[0126] FIG. 5B illustrates a signaling flow 550 for path switching cancelling in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 550 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the first network device 120-1 and the second network device 120-2.
[0127] In operation, the second network device 120-2 transmits (560) , to the first network device 120-1, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device 120-1 to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device 120-2 via a relay device. The first network device 120-1 receives (570) the message. The second apparatus 120 performs (580) the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device. The message may be an Xn message. In this way, a target NG-RAN may send an Xn message to a source NG-RAN to cancel an already prepared path switching. The Xn message may be a new Xn message such as PATH SWITCHING / SWITCH CANCEL.
[0128] In some example embodiments, the path switching is an already prepared path switching. In some example embodiments, the path switching may be a D2I path switching, or an I2I path switching. That is, the first path may include a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device 120-1, or an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device 120-1 via a first relay device.
[0129] In some example embodiments, the message may include an identification of the terminal device or ID of the remote UE, such as the Source NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE and the Target NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE. The message may also include a cause value, such as mobility of the relay device such as the candidate or target relay UE, a lack of resources for the relay device, and / or change of resources for the path switching.
[0130] In some example embodiments, the message may further include one or more relay device IDs, such as Layer 2 ID of relay UE or a predefined number of bits such as 24 bits. For example, the message may include a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device 120-2. That is, the message may include a list of candidate / target relay devices associated with or served by the second network device 120-2. The list of relay devices comprises the relay device for the path switching cancelling. For example, the list of relay devices may be in the form of Target Relays To Be Cancelled List IE, or Candidate Relays To Be Cancelled List IE. In some example embodiments, the number of relay devices in the list may be limited by a threshold, such as maxnoofRelayUesinPS. This threshold may define a maximum of relay devices that can be prepared for a path switching. Value of the threshold may be 32*N or 8*N, wherein N is an integer, such as 1, 2 and so on.
[0131] Alternatively, or in addition, in some example embodiments, the message may include an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices. For example, the indication may be denoted as “indication #2” . The message may alternatively or additionally include an identification of a cell of the second network device, or an identification of the second network device.
[0132] In some example embodiments, if the list of relay devices is absent from the message, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices. That is, the second network device 120-2 may delete indicated relay UEs indicated by Target Relays To Be Cancelled List IE if the IE is presented. If the list of relay devices is absent, and the indication of the cell is included, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices associated with the cell. If the list of relay devices is absent, and the indication of the second network device 120-2 is included, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device 120-2.
[0133] In some example embodiments, if the message comprises the list of relay devices, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for the list of relay devices.
[0134] In some example embodiments, the Path Switching Cancel procedure is used to enable a target NG-RAN node to cancel an already prepared path switch. The procedure may use UE-associated signalling.
[0135] The target NG-RAN node may initiate the procedure by sending the PATH SWITCHING / SWITCH CANCEL message to the source NG-RAN node. The target NG-RAN node may indicate the reason for cancelling the path switching by means of an appropriate cause value.
[0136] At the reception of the PATH SWITCHING / SWITCH CANCEL message, the source NG-RAN node may consider that the target NG-RAN node is about to remove any reference to, and release any resources previously reserved for target relay UEs associated to the UE-associated signalling identified by the Source NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE and the Target NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID IE. If the Target Relays To Be Cancelled List IE is included in PATH SWITCHING / SWITCH CANCEL message, the source NG-RAN node shall consider that only the resources reserved for target relay UEs identified by the included Layer 2 ID are about to be released.
[0137] In this way, the second network device 120-2 such as the target gNB can be enabled to cancel the prepared path switching.
[0138] Embodiments regarding the path switching canceling have been described with respect to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B. By using these embodiments, the cancel of the prepared target relay UE (s) for I2I or D2I path switching can be enabled. Thus, the resources of the network can be saved.
[0139] In some mechanisms, multi-path (MP) is proposed. For example, for MP relaying based on U2N relay, the following procedures for Scenario 1 are proposed: direct path addition, indirect path addition, direct path change, indirect path change. In MP, the I2I path switching may be switched from a first indirect path to a second indirect path.
[0140] In some mechanisms, it is proposed that the direct path addition in MP relaying may lead to a direct path and an indirect path. FIG. 6A illustrates an example diagram 600 for direct path addition for MP. As shown, a terminal device 610 connects to a network device 620 via a relay device 630 (that is, an indirect path) . After a direct path addition 650 for MP, the terminal device 610 may be connected to the network device 610 via a direct path and a relay device 640 (indirect path) . The relay device 640 may be the same with the relay device 630, or may be different.
[0141] In some mechanisms, for direct path addition, it’s a path switch procedure in which the target configuration contains both paths. One of the serving cells of the added direct path is configured as PCell for the remote UE.
[0142] For Scenario-1 / 2, MP remote UE is configured with a single cell group, i.e., MCG, for the direct path, and SL configuration, for the indirect path. T304 timer is reused for the direct path addition / change. A new T420-like timer is introduced for the indirect path addition / change.
[0143] In some mechanisms, the MP scenarios may support indirect path addition. FIG. 6B illustrates an example diagram 660 for MP. As shown, the terminal device 610 may be connected to the network device 620 via a direct path. After an indirect path addition 670 for MP, the terminal device 610 may connect to the network device 620 via the direct path and an indirect path via a relay device 680. The indirect path addition for MP may use the sl-IndirectPathAddChange IE in RRCReconfiguration. The field description for the IE may be shown in Table 5 below.
[0144] Table 5
[0145] In some mechanisms, the indirect path addition for MP relaying may be to add a new indirect path and release the source indirect path. In Scenario 1, if the RRC configuration message includes the sl-IndirectPathAddChange, the SL indirect path specific configuration procedure may be performed. In Scenario 2, if the RRC configuration message includes the n3c-IndirectPathConfigRemote, configuration procedure for the remote UE part of N3C indirect path may be performed. In Scenario 2, if the RRC configuration message includes the n3c-IndirectPathConfigRelay, the configuration procedure for the relay UE part of N3C indirect path may be performed.
[0146] However, when adding the direct path of MP, both the configurations of the direct path and the indirect path are provided. The source indirect path may be either maintained or changed. Therefore, how to configure the direct path addition of MP, especially for the case that the source indirect path maintained needs to be considered. For example, how to provide the configurations of both direct path and indirect path needs to be defined. For another example, whether / how the source / current PC5 unicast link may be kept in case that adding direct path without change the source indirect path needs to be designed.
[0147] In some mechanisms, it is proposed to add a direct path on top of an indirect path for MP. FIG. 6C illustrates a signaling flow 690 for adding a direct path for MP. As illustrated in FIG. 6C, the L2 U2N Remote UE establishes PC5 RRC connection with the target L2 U2N Relay UE. However, no details on the RRC layer acting upon receiving the signaling for I2I path switch are defined.
[0148] In addition, the procedure adds the direct path for MP as follows. The gNB sends the RRCReconfiguration message to the L2 MP Remote UE via the L2 MP Relay UE. The contents in the RRCReconfiguration message includes at least a target cell, direct path addition configuration.
[0149] The L2 MP Remote UE synchronizes to DL of the target cell serving the direct path and performs random access procedure towards the cell serving the direct path. The L2 MP Remote UE configures the target cell as PCell.
[0150] The L2 MP Remote UE sends the RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the gNB at least via the direct path in order to complete the direct path addition procedure. If a split SRB1 with duplication is configured, the L2 MP Remote UE also sends the RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the gNB via the indirect path served by the L2 MP Relay UE.
[0151] However, such approach fails to mention how to handle the indirect path. In addition, it lacks details on the RRC layer acting upon receiving the signaling for direct path addition. Therefore, how to configure the direct path addition of MP, especially for the case that the source indirect path is maintained has becoming a concerning problem.
[0152] In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on direct path addition for MP is proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device (such as a remote terminal device) receives, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path. The first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device. The terminal device determines availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message. The second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device. The terminal device communicates with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. For example, the terminal device communicates with the network device, based on the availability, via the direct path and at least one of: the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. In this way, a procedure for direct path addition for MP can be performed.
[0153] FIG. 7 illustrates a signaling flow 700 for direct path addition for MP in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 700 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0154] In operation, the network device 120 transmits (710) , to the terminal device 110 via a first relay device of a first indirect path, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. As used herein, the message for adding the direct path may be referred to as a “first message” . The terminal device 110 receives (720) the message (that is, the first message) . The first indirect path is the path between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 via the first relay device.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the first network device 120-1 may transmit, to the terminal device 110 via the first indirect path, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device 110 and the second network device 120-2. That is, the network device transmitting the message and the network device to be added a direct path may be different. It is to be understood that although in the following description, it is assumed that the network device (e.g., network device 120) transmitting the message and the network device to be added a direct path are the same, in some embodiments, the network device transmitting the message and the network device to be added a direct path may be different.
[0156] The message may be included in any suitable IE, such as RRCReconfiguration including ReconfigurationwithSync, and the ReconfigurationwithSync may include IE sl-IndirectPathAddChange or IE sl-DirectPathAddChange. Alternatively, the message may be included in RRCReconfiguration, which includes ReconfigurationwithSync and IE sl- IndirectPathAddChange wherein the IE sl-IndirectPathAddChange is not included in ReconfigurationwithSync.
[0157] The terminal device 110 determines (730) an availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message. The second indirect path is the path between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 via a second relay device.
[0158] The availability of the indication of the second indirect path may represent whether the indication of the second indirect path is available. For example, the terminal device 110 may obtain the indication of the second indirect path at least based on the message. If the message indicates the indication of the second indirect path explicitly or implicitly, the terminal device 110 may obtain the indication of the second indirect path. In such cases, the terminal device 110 may determine that the indication of the second indirect path is available.
[0159] Alternatively, or in addition, the terminal device 110 may obtain the indication of the second indirect path based on other information, for example, stored indirect path information. In such cases, if the terminal device 110 may obtain the indication of the second indirect path, then the terminal device 110 may determine that the indication of the second indirect path is available. Otherwise, if the terminal device 110 is not able to obtain the indication of the second indirect path, the terminal device 110 may determine that the indication of the second indirect path is unavailable.
[0160] The terminal device 110 communicates (740) with the network device 750, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. Likewise, the network device 120 communicates (750) with the terminal device 110 via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. For example, after the direct path addition, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may communicate via the direct path and at least one of the first indirect path or the second indirect path. If the first indirect path is released, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may communicate via the direct path and the second indirect path. Alternatively, if the first indirect path is kept / maintained or not changed, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may communicate via the direct path and the first indirect path.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine (730) that the indication of second indirect path is available, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied. A first condition may be that the message indicates to add or change an indirect path, such as by an indication. A second condition may be that the message indicates an indication of the second relay device. A third condition may be that a further message (referred to as a “second message” hereinafter) for adding or changing an indirect path is received by the terminal device 110. A fourth condition may be that the message indicates adding a direct path by a further indication. For example, the further indication of adding a direct path includes the indication to add or change an indirect path or the indication of the second relay device. The further indication of adding a direct path may be an IE / filed included in ReconfigurationwithSync. Alternatively, or in addition, the further indication of adding a direct path, may be ReconfigurationwithSync without including sl-PathSwitchConfig.
[0162] In some embodiments, the indication of second indirect path may include at least one of: an indication to add or change an indirect path or the indication of the second relay device, a further message for adding or changing an indirect path, or a further indication of adding a direct path.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path. If the terminal device 110 determines that the indication of the second indirect path is available, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the second relay device or indicate the second relay device to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0164] In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 determines that the indication of the second indirect path is available, the terminal device 110 may indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path or any indirect path or indirect path. Additionally, the terminal device 110 may indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release (of the first indirect path) with the first relay device. As used herein, the term “release an indirect path” may include “release a PC5 unicast link” . The terminal device 110 may then provide an indication of the second relay device to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0165] In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 determines that the indication of the second indirect path is available, the terminal device 110 may provide a first indication of the second relay device to the upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path. In response to or after providing the first indication, the terminal device 110 may provide a second indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger the release of the first indirect path.
[0166] In some example embodiments, the second relay device is different from the first relay device. Alternatively, the first relay device and the second relay device may be the s ame.
[0167] In some example embodiments, a timer for adding or changing an indirect path is absent from the message. That is, a message for adding a direct path may not include the timer for adding or changing an indirect path. For example, the timer for adding or changing an indirect path is absent from IE sl-IndirectPathAddChange or IE sl-DirectPathAddChange.
[0168] In some example embodiments, the first relay device and the second relay device are the same. If the indication of the second indirect path is available in the message and the second indirect path is the same with the first indirect path, the terminal device 110 may keep the first indirect path.
[0169] In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 determines (730) that the indication of the second indirect path is unavailable in the message, the terminal device 110 may keep the first indirect path. That is, if the second indirect path is to be kept, the message may not include the indication of the second indirect path.
[0170] In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 determines that a signaling radio bearer (SRB) is configured via the second indirect path, the terminal device 110 may apply a predefined configuration of sidelink radio link control for the SRB. The predefined configuration may be a preconfigured configuration or a default configuration.
[0171] In some example embodiments, if an SRB is configured via the second indirect path and a further configuration, such as a dedicated configuration, for the SRB is absent from the message, the terminal device 110 may apply a predefined configuration of SL RLC for the SRB. The SRB may be SRB1 and SRB2, or other SRBs.
[0172] In some example embodiments, in response to receiving (720) the message, the terminal device 110 may establish the direct path. For example, the establishing of the direct path may be regarded as an HO procedure. Details regarding the establishing of the direct path will be described with following embodiments.
[0173] In some example embodiments, at least one of a configuration of the direct path or a configuration of the second indirect path is included in a configuration of a special cell or a radio resource control configuration. For example, the IE or the configuration may be included in the configuration of SpCell, and outside the IE ReconfigurationwithSync. For example, SpcellConfig included in CellGroupConfig (e.g., of MCG) may consist of IE sl-DirectPathAddChange, and / or ReconfigurationwithSync.
[0174] An example procedure for the direct path addition for MP will be illustrated as follows. In a first option (referred to as Option 1) , the terminal device 110 may release the old indirect path (the first indirect path) first, and then add a new indirect path (the second indirect path) . For example, upon receiving a message (e.g., reconfigurationWithSync, additionally, reconfigurationWithSync without sl-PathSwitchConfig) , the following steps may be performed. At Step 1, the terminal device 110 such as UE may perform at least one of the following actions to execute a reconfiguration with synchronization (sync) :
[0175] (if this procedure is executed for the MCG) start timer T304 for the corresponding SpCell with the timer value set to t304, as included in the reconfigurationWithSync;
[0176] reset the MAC entity of this cell group;
[0177] consider the SCell (s) of this cell group, if configured, that are not included in the SCellToAddModList in the RRCReconfiguration message, to be in deactivated state;
[0178] apply the value of the newUE-Identity as the C-RNTI for this cell group;
[0179] configure lower layers in accordance with the received spCellConfigCommon;
[0180] configure lower layers in accordance with any additional fields, not covered in the previous, if included in the received reconfigurationWithSync.
[0181] At Step 2, if the terminal device 110 such as the UE is acting as L2 U2N remote UE at the source side, the terminal device 110 may indicate upper layer to trigger PC5 unicast link release.
[0182] At step 3, (1) if the relay UE ID for (target / new) indirect path, or IE of MP / IE of indirect path / IE of adding (or changing) direct path is included (and set to setup) ; additionally, (2) if the UE is acting as L2 U2N Remote UE at the source side / originally / before receiving the configuration, the terminal device 110 or the UE may execute the following procedures: indicate the upper layer to establish the PC5 unicast link to the newly configured relay UE. That is, consider the relay UE indicated by the sl-IndirectPathRelayUE-Identity / sl-RelayUE-Identity to be the (target) L2 U2N Relay UE on SL indirect path and indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the L2 U2N Relay UE.
[0183] In the above embodiments, a new IE for indirect path, such as sl-IndirectPathChange, may be used. Alternatively, an IE includes at least the relay UE ID for the indirect path of MP may be used. For example, sl-IndirectPathAddChange IE may be reused. The target relay UE may be indicated by sl-IndirectPathRelayUE-Identity. Additionally, T4xx / T420-like (the timer for adding or change of indirect path) may not be configured when configuring the indirect path together with direct path addition / change. Additionally, there isn’ t any IE for the configuration of indirect path of MP (such as sl-IndirectPathAddChange) outside the first message, in the same RRC Reconfiguration message.
[0184] In addition, the terminal device 110 may further perform a procedure for SRB1 configuration. A first option may be that the terminal device 110 may check the available of dedicated configuration. If SRB1 is configured via the indirect path, and if the dedicated (relay related) configuration for SRB1 is not included (in the same RRC message for the first message) , the terminal device 110 may apply the default configuration of SL-RLC1 or the preconfigured configuration for SRB1.
[0185] Similarly, if SRB2 is configured via indirect path, and if the dedicated (relay related) configuration for SRB2 is not included, the terminal device 110 may apply the default configuration of SL-RLC2 or the preconfigured configuration for SRB2. Alternatively, or in addition, if the indirect path is changed, the terminal device 110 may perform above procedures for the configuration of SRB (s) .
[0186] As used herein, where “SRB1 is configured via the indirect path” means a split SRB1 with duplication is configured (and activated by default) , or SRB1 is configured as split RB and duplication is activated (or by default) , or SRB1 is configured via the indirect path (and is a non-split RB) . In an option, the relay UE or the indirect path may be changed. In another option, the IE for the second indirect path, such as sl-IndirectPathAddChange IE or sl-IndirectPathChange IE, is present or the indication of second indirect path is available.
[0187] Alternatively, in some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may use the default configuration for SRB. For example, if SRB1 is configured via the indirect path, the terminal device 110 may apply the default configuration of SL-RLC1 for SRB1. Alternatively, or in addition, if SRB1 is configured via the indirect path and if the indirect path is changed, the terminal device 110 may apply the default configuration of SL-RLC1 for SRB1.
[0188] Where “SRB1 is configured via the indirect path” means a split SRB1 with duplication is configured (and activated by default) , or SRB1 is configured as split RB and duplication is activated (or by default) , or SRB1 is configured via the indirect path (and is non-split RB) .
[0189] To enable the configuration of SRB1 / SRB2, the message or indication of the second relay device may also include the configuration of SRB1, such as PDCP configuration, RLC configuration, which indicating the path for SRB, the configuration of split RB and duplication.
[0190] An example procedure based on the direct path addition for MP in accordance with the present disclosure is shown as follows. Upon receiving ReconfigurationwithSync, if sl-PathSwitchConfig is included, the terminal device 110 may perform D2I path switch procedures. Else (if sl-PathSwitchConfig is not included, or for HO, I2D and direct path addition of MP including the configuration of indirect path) , the terminal device 110 may perform at least one of: HO procedures; I2D procedure, such as release PC5 unicast link; new procedures as in Step 3 above, such as adding the (target) indirect path; if configured SRB1 via the indirect path, the terminal device 110 may further apply default configuration of SRB1.
[0191] In another option (referred to as Option 2) for the indirect path addition for MP, the indirect path may be configured within reconfigurationWithSync. This option provides a new branch for handling the indirect path when adding the direct path. For example, upon receiving ReconfigurationwithSync, if sl-DirectPathAddChange is included, the new branch is executed / performed.
[0192] Upon receiving ReconfigurationwithSync, if sl-PathSwitchConfig is included, D2I path switch procedures may be performed. Otherwise, if IE of MP or IE of adding (or changing) direct path is included and additionally set to setup, such as sl-DirectPathAddChange, the following steps may be performed. Otherwise, if both sl- PathSwitchConfig and sl-DirectPathAddChange are not included, the terminal device 110 may perform at least one of: HO procedures; I2D procedure, such as release PC5 unicast link. The steps for the case where sl-PathSwitchConfig is not included but IE of MP or IE of adding (or changing) direct path is included may be as follows.
[0193] Step 1 may be HO procedures. A possible option including the following Step 2 and Step3 (referred to as option 2.1) may be to release the source indirect path and add a target indirect path) .
[0194] At Step 2, if the terminal device 110 such as the UE is acting as L2 U2N Remote UE at the source side, UE may indicate upper layer to trigger PC5 unicast link release (additionally with the source relay device) .
[0195] At Step 3, if the relay UE ID for indirect path, IE of indirect path is included, the terminal device 110 may indicate the upper layer to establish the PC5 connection to the newly configured relay UE. That is, indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the L2 U2N Relay UE indicated by RelayUE-Identity or targetRelayUE-Identity.
[0196] Alternatively, another option including the following Step 2 (referred to as Option 2.2) may be that if relay UE is not changed, the terminal device 110 may keep the source PC5 unicast link. That is, the terminal device 110 may keep the first indirect path. In other words, if relay UE is to be changed, the terminal device 110 may release the source PC5 unicast link and establish the target PC5 unicast link.
[0197] At Step 2, if the newly configure relay UE is not the same as the old relay UE, that is, the newly configured indirect path is not the same as the old indirect path, the terminal device 110 may indicate upper layer to trigger PC5 unicast link release (with the source) . The terminal device 110 may further indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the newly configured relay UE.
[0198] Alternatively, a further option including the following Step 2 (referred to as Option 2.3) may be that if the IE of MP / IE of adding (or changing) of the indirect path of MP, such as sl-IndirectPathAddChange, is not included, the terminal device 110 may keep the source PC5 unicast link. That is, if IE of adding (or changing) of the indirect path of MP is included, the terminal device 110 may release the source PC5 unicast link and establish the target PC5 unicast link.
[0199] At Step 2, if the IE for the configuration of indirect path (such as sl-IndirectPathAddChange) or ID of new relay UE is included, the terminal device 110 may indicate upper layer to trigger PC5 unicast link release (with the source relay UE) ; and indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the newly configured relay UE. SRB1 configuration procedure may be similar to those described above.
[0200] In some example embodiments, if sl-PathSwitchConfig is not included and sl-DirectPathAddChange is not included, the terminal device 110 may perform HO procedures.
[0201] In these embodiments, IE sl-DirectPathAddChange may be configured as the further indication for adding the direct path of MP. IE sl-DirectPathAddChange may include at least IE sl-IndirectPathAddChang or the (target) relay UE. Additionally, IE sl-IndirectPathAddChang or the (target) relay UE may be configured / included if adding direct path with indirect path change. Alternatively, IE sl-IndirectPathAddChang or the (target) relay UE may not be configured / included if adding direct path with indirect path change. In addition, (target) relay UE may be indicated by sl-IndirectPathRelayUE-Identity or RelayUE-Identity or targetRelayUE-Identity.
[0202] In some example embodiments, T4xx / T420-like (the timer for adding or change of indirect path) may not be configured when configuring the indirect path together with direct path addition / change.
[0203] There may be not any IE for the configuration of indirect path of MP (such as sl-IndirectPathAddChange) outside the message, in the same RRC Reconfiguration message. That is, at most one sl-IndirectPathAddChange is included in RRC Reconfiguration message (such as included in ReconfigurationwithSync or included in IE sl-DirectPathAddChange of ReconfigurationwithSync) when configure the direct path addition.
[0204] In this way, source indirect path can be kept, which results in less PC5-S layer signaling and less interruption time.
[0205] An example procedure for Option 2 will be described as follows. Upon receiving ReconfigurationwithSync, if sl-PathSwitchConfig is included, the terminal device 110 may perform D2I path switch procedures, establish PC5 unicast link.
[0206] Else, if IE of direct addition for MP is included and additionally set to true, such as sl-DirectPathAddChange, the terminal device 110 may perform at least one of: HO procedures; or new procedures described with respect to Option 2.1 to Option 2.3, or apply default configuration of SRB1 if configured SRB1 via the indirect path. For example, the terminal device 110 may release the source indirect path and add the new one and add target indirect path, or keep the source indirect path.
[0207] Otherwise, (if sl-PathSwitchConfig is not included and sl-DirectPathAddChange is not included) , the terminal device 110 may perform at least one of: HO procedures; or I2D procedure, for example releasing PC5 unicast link.
[0208] Alternatively, or in addition, in some example embodiments, the IE may be included in the configuration of SpCell, and outside the IE ReconfigurationwithSync. For example, SpcellConfig included in CellGroup may consist of IE sl-DirectPathAddChange, and / or ReconfigurationwithSync.
[0209] Several example embodiments for direct path addition for MP have been described. Additional example embodiments will be described now. In some example embodiments, in response to receiving (720) the message, the terminal device 110 may establish the direct path without releasing the first indirect path. For example, if the terminal device 110 receives (720) the message, but does not receive a further message for a configuration of the second indirect path, or an indication for changing the first indirect path, the terminal device 110 may establish the direct path without releasing the first indirect path. This procedure may be different from the D2I path switching procedure and the HO procedure plus I2D procedure. In such procedure, the terminal device 110 may perform an HO procedure, without releasing the first indirect path.
[0210] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit a further message to the terminal device 110. The further message may include at least one of: a configuration of the second indirect path, or an indication for changing the first indirect path. The terminal device 110 may receive the further message. For example, the further message may include IE SL-IndirectPathAddChange. The further message for the configuration of the indirect path may not include a timer such as a T420-like timer (the timer for adding or change of indirect path) .
[0211] In response to receiving the further message, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the second relay device to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path; and provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0212] In some example embodiments, in response to receiving (720) the message, the terminal device 110 may establish the direct path; and provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path or any indirect path or indirect path. In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of at least one indirect path, such as any existing indirect path (s) .
[0213] In some example embodiments, in response to receiving a further message including a configuration of the second indirect path, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the second relay device to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0214] In some example embodiments, the message further comprises a timer for adding or changing an indirect path. The terminal device 110 may disable the timer under at least one of the following situations: a first situation that the first indirect path is released, or a second situation that the direct path is added.
[0215] In some example embodiments, the configuration of indirect path may be provided outside the first message, as the legacy structure that the configuration of indirect path may be provided by RRCReconfiguration (such as RRCReconfigureation-v18xx) directly. In an option, the terminal device 110 may release the source indirect path first, then add a target indirect path. For example, upon receiving a message (e.g., RRCRecofiguration) , if IE for SL indirect path addition / change (i.e., SL-IndirectPathAddChange) is included and set to setup, the following steps may be performed. At Step 1, the terminal device 110 may consider the relay UE indicated by the sl-IndirectPathRelayUE-Identity to be the (target) L2 U2N Relay UE on SL indirect path and indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the L2 U2N Relay UE. At Step 2, the terminal device 110 may start timer T4xx / T420-like for the corresponding L2 U2N Relay UE with the timer value set to T4xx / T420-like, if configured. At Step 3, the terminal device 110 may indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link release) with the source L2 U2N Relay UE if any (i.e., SL indirect path change) .
[0216] In addition, the terminal device 110 may add direct path based on HO command, such as ReconfigurationwithSync. An option may be that to avoid redundant releasing of indirect path, the terminal device may use the Option 2 above to perform direct path addition. For example, upon receiving ReconfigurationwithSync, if IE of MP / IE of adding (or changing) direct path is included and additionally set to setup, such as sl-DirectPathAddChange, the terminal device 110 may perform HO procedures. The terminal device 110 may not perform the procedure to release the source indirect path here.
[0217] Alternatively, or in addition, in another option, if keep the redundant procedure for MP or direct path addition, the exact PC5 link to be released may be clarified. For example, a procedure may be amended as shown in Table 6. In Table 6, the test in strike-through refers to the deleted test. That is, the step or procedure in strike-through means that this step or procedure is not to be performed.
[0218] Table 6
[0219] In some example embodiments, to keep / reuse the source indirect path, the IE for SL indirect path addition / change may not be included for direct path addition of MP without indirect path change, neither in ReconfigurationwithSync (such legacy procedures of HO, new procedures of direct path addition mentioned above such as Option2) , nor RRC Reconfiguration. That is, the IE SL-IndirectPathAddChange is included for direct path addition with indirect path change. It may also present for indirect path addition or change as legacy (without direct path addition of MP) .
[0220] In some example embodiments, to avoid the redundant releasing of the indirect path when configuring the indirect path, the release of the indirect path in direct path addition may be canceled. For example, upon receiving the further message (e.g., RRCRecofiguration) , if IE for SL indirect path addition / change is included and set to setup, the terminal device 110 may perform the following steps. At Step 1, the terminal device 110 may consider the relay UE indicated by the sl-IndirectPathRelayUE-Identity to be the (target) L2 U2N Relay UE on SL indirect path and indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the L2 U2N Relay UE. At step 2, the terminal device 110 may start timer T4xx / T420-like for the corresponding L2 U2N Relay UE with the timer value set to T4xx / T420-like, if configured. At step 3, if indication#3 is included, the terminal device 110 may indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link release) with the source L2 U2N Relay UE if any (i.e., SL indirect path change) . The indication #3 may indicate an indirect path addition or changing of MP (without direct path addition) . The terminal device 110 may add direct path based on HO command of the first message, such as ReconfigurationwithSync. For example, the exact PC5 link to be released may be clarified, as shown in Table 6. In some embodiments, the adding of the direct path and the Steps 1-3 may be performed simultaneously.
[0221] Several embodiments regarding adding direct path for MP have been described. These embodiments define and use new IE and related procedures for handling both the source and target indirect paths for the direct path addition of MP. These embodiments also define rules to keep the unchanged source indirect path. In this way, proper procedures to handle the direct path addition of MP are enabled. Proper procedures to treat the source indirect path especially for the case that the source indirect path is maintained is enabled. Thus, it saves signaling overhead and reduces the interruption time of data transmission.
[0222] In some mechanisms, it is proposed to add an additional indirect path for MP (on top of an (original) indirect path) . FIG. 8 illustrates an example diagram 800 for indirect path addition for MP. As shown, the terminal device 810 is connected to the network device 820 via a relay device 830 (that is, an indirect path) . After an indirect path addition 840 of MP (on top of an (original) indirect path) , another indirect path via a relay 850 may be established. The terminal device 810 may connect to the network device 820 via two indirect paths. However, according to current procedure of indirect path adding, the source path is always released. Therefore, how to perform the adding of the secondary indirect path for MP still needs to be designed.
[0223] In order to solve at least part of the above problems or other potential problems, a solution on indirect path addition for MP is proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device (such as a remote terminal device) receives, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device. The terminal device is in / has established a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device. If the terminal device determines that the first indirect path is kept, the terminal device communicates with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path. In this way, a procedure for indirect path addition for MP can be performed.
[0224] FIG. 9 illustrates a signaling flow 900 for indirect path addition for MP in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 900 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0225] In operation, the network device 120 transmits (910) , to the terminal device 110, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 via a second relay device. As used herein, the message for adding a second indirect path may be referred to as a “third message” . The terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 via a first relay device. For example, the message may be transmitted (910) via the first indirect path or via the first relay device. The terminal device 110 receives (920) the message. If the terminal device 110 determines that the first indirect path is kept, the terminal device 110 communicates (930) with the network device 120 via the first indirect path and the second indirect path. Likewise, the network device 120 communicates (940) with the terminal device 110 via the first indirect path and the second indirect path.
[0226] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0227] In some example embodiments, if the third message indicates at least one of an indirect path release or an indirect path change, the terminal device 110 may indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0228] Alternatively, if the third message indicates to keep the source indirect path or the addition of indirect path is on top of an indirect path, the terminal device 110 may not indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger a release of the first indirect path. For example, the message may indicate to keep the first indirect path.
[0229] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may release the source indirect path first, then add a target indirect path. For example, upon receiving the thirdmessage (e.g., RRCRecofiguration) , if the IE for SL indirect path addition or change (for example, SL-IndirectPathAddChange) is included and set to setup, the terminal device 110 may perform the following procedures. At Step 1, the terminal device 110 may consider the relay UE indicated by the sl-IndirectPathRelayUE-Identity to be the (target) L2 U2N Relay UE on SL indirect path and indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the L2 U2N Relay UE. At Step 2, the terminal device 110 may start timer T4xx / T420-like for the corresponding L2 U2N Relay UE with the timer value set to T4xx / T420-like, (if configured) . At Step 3, if indication#4 is included, the terminal device 110 may indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link release) with the source L2 U2N Relay UE . The indication #4 may indicate that an indirect path change of MP which is not an indirect path addition on top of indirect path. Alternatively, or in addition, the indication #4 may indicate at least one of: an indirect path addition on top of indirect path, an indirect path addition (on top of direct path) , an indirect path addition (on top of MP) .
[0230] In some example embodiments, the message may indicate the addition of indirect path on top of an indirect path by a new IE, such as SL-IndirectPathAdd or SL-IndirectPathAddForTwoIndirectPaths. For example, upon receiving the third message (e.g., RRCRecofiguration) , if the IE for SL indirect path addition on top of an indirect path is included and set to setup, the terminal device 110 may perform the following procedures. At Step 1, the terminal device 110 may consider the relay UE indicated by the sl-IndirectPathRelayUE-Identity to be the (target) L2 U2N Relay UE on SL indirect path and indicate to upper layer (to trigger the PC5 unicast link establishment) with the L2 U2N Relay UE.
[0231] In this way, the terminal device can keep the source indirect path in cases for adding an additional indirect path for MP. The terminal device can also release the source indirect path if the source indirect path needs to be released.
[0232] Alternatively, or in addition, the indication #4 may indicate the exact indirect path to be changeor replace for an indirect path addition (on top of MP with at least two indirect paths) .
[0233] In this way, the terminal device can release the exact indirect path if this indirect path needs to be released / replaced.
[0234] It would be appreciated that some example specifications and embodiments are provided above, and the detailed description may be varied.
[0235] Example embodiments for I2I path switching, path switching cancelling, direct path addition for MP, and / or indirect path addition for MP are described with reference to the signaling flows 300, 500, 550, 700 and 900. In some embodiments, embodiments described with reference to two or more of the above signaling flows may be combined. By using these signaling flows, path switching and path addition for MP can be improved.
[0236] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1000 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1000 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0237] At block 1010, the terminal device 110 indicate, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device.
[0238] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the second relay device to the upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device.
[0239] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device.
[0240] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to receiving, from the first network device, a message for the path switching indicating at least one of: the first relay device or the path switching from an indirect path to a further indirect path, provide the indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger the release.
[0241] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may provide the indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger the release, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied, a first condition that the second relay device is different from the first relay device, a second condition that an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device exists, or a third condition that the terminal device is acting as a remote terminal device at a source side.
[0242] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may trigger a release of a radio resource control connection between the terminal device and the first relay device; and provide an indication of the first relay device to an upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device.
[0243] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to receiving, from the first network device, a message for the path switching, indicate the second relay device to the upper layer to trigger path switching.
[0244] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1100 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1100 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 such as the first network device 120-1 in FIG. 1.
[0245] At block 1110, the network device 120-1 transmit, to a terminal device, a message for path switching to a second path between the terminal device and a further network device via a second relay device, to trigger the terminal device to indicate, to an upper layer, the second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and the network device.
[0246] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1200 implemented at a first network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1200 will be described from the perspective of the first network device 120-1 in FIG. 1.
[0247] At block 1210, the first network device 120-1 transmits, to a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device.
[0248] In some example embodiments, the path switching is an ongoing path switching preparation or an already prepared path switching.
[0249] In some example embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0250] In some example embodiments, the first path comprises an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device, and the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of a first relay device in the first path, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0251] In some example embodiments, the first path comprises a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, and the cause comprises change of resources for the path switching.
[0252] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1300 implemented at a second network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1300 will be described from the perspective of the second network device 120-2 in FIG. 1.
[0253] At block 1310, the second network device 120-2 receives, from a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device. At block 1320, the second network device 120-2 performs the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0254] In some example embodiments, the path switching is an ongoing path switching preparation or an already prepared path switching.
[0255] In some example embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0256] In some example embodiments, the first path comprises an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device, and the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of a first relay device in the first path, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0257] In some example embodiments, the first path comprises a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, and the cause comprises change of resources for the path switching.
[0258] In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the list of relay devices is absent from the message, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices.
[0259] FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1400 implemented at a first network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1400 will be described from the perspective of the first network device 120-1 in FIG. 1.
[0260] At block 1410, the first network device 120-1 receives, from a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device.
[0261] In some example embodiments, the path switching is an already prepared path switching.
[0262] In some example embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0263] In some example embodiments, the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of the relay device, a lack of resources for the relay device, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0264] In some example embodiments, the first path comprises one of: a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, or an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device.
[0265] FIG. 15 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1500 implemented at a second network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1500 will be described from the perspective of the second network device 120-2 in FIG. 1.
[0266] At block 1510, the second network device 120-2 transmits, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device. At block 1520, the second network device 120-2 performs the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0267] In some example embodiments, the path switching is an already prepared path switching.
[0268] In some example embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0269] In some example embodiments, the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of the relay device, a lack of resources for the relay device, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0270] In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the list of relay devices is absent from the message, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices.
[0271] In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the message comprises the list of relay devices, the second network device 120-2 may release resources for the list of relay devices.
[0272] In some example embodiments, the first path comprises one of: a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, or an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device.
[0273] FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1600 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1600 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0274] At block 1610, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device.
[0275] At block 1620, the terminal device 110 determines availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message, wherein the second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device.
[0276] At block 1630, the terminal device 110 communicates with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0277] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine that the indication of second indirect path is available, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied: a first condition that the message indicates to add or change an indirect path, a second condition that the message indicates an indication of the second relay device, a third condition that a further message for adding or changing an indirect path is received by the terminal device, or a fourth condition that the message indicates adding a direct path by a further indication.
[0278] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path; and in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available, provide an indication of the second relay device to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0279] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available, indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path; and provide an indication of the second relay device to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0280] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available, provide a first indication of the second relay device to the upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path; and in response to providing the first indication, provide a second indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger the release of the first indirect path.
[0281] In some example embodiments, the second relay device is different from the first relay device.
[0282] In some example embodiments, a timer for adding or changing an indirect path is absent from the message.
[0283] In some example embodiments, the first relay device and the second relay device are the same, and the terminal device 110 may in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available in the message and the second indirect path is the same with the first indirect path, keep the first indirect path.
[0284] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is unavailable in the message, keep the first indirect path.
[0285] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in accordance with a determination that a signaling radio bearer is configured via the second indirect path, apply a predefined configuration of sidelink radio link control for the signaling radio bearer.
[0286] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in accordance with a determination that a signaling radio bearer is configured via the second indirect path and a further configuration for the signaling radio bearer is absent from the message, apply a predefined configuration of sidelink radio link control for the signaling radio bearer.
[0287] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path.
[0288] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path without releasing the first indirect path.
[0289] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to receiving a further message including at least one of: a configuration of the second indirect path, or an indication for changing the first indirect path, provide an indication of the second relay device to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path; and provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0290] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path; and provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0291] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to receiving a further message including a configuration of the second indirect path, provide an indication of the second relay device to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0292] In some example embodiments, the message further comprises a timer for adding or changing an indirect path, and the terminal device 110 may disable the timer under at least one of the following situations: a first situation that the first indirect path is released, or a second situation that the direct path is added.
[0293] In some example embodiments, at least one of a configuration of the direct path or a configuration of the second indirect path is included in a configuration of a special cell or a radio resource control configuration.
[0294] FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1700 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1700 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0295] At block 1710, the network device 120 transmits, to a terminal device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device.
[0296] At block 1720, the network device 120 communicates with the network device via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0297] In some example embodiments, a timer for adding or changing an indirect path is absent from the message.
[0298] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device, a further message including at least one of: a configuration of the second indirect path, or an indication for changing the first indirect path.
[0299] In some example embodiments, at least one of a configuration of the direct path or the configuration of the second indirect path is included in a configuration of a special cell or a radio resource control configuration.
[0300] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1800 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1800 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0301] At block 1810, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device.
[0302] At block 1820, in accordance with a determination that the first indirect path is kept, the terminal device 110 communicates with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path.
[0303] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0304] In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the message indicates at least one of an indirect path release or an indirect path change, the terminal device 110 may indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0305] In some example embodiments, the message indicates to keep the first indirect path.
[0306] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 1900 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1900 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0307] At block 1910, the network device 120 transmits, to a terminal device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device.
[0308] FIG. 20 is a simplified block diagram of a device 2000 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 2000 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 2000 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.
[0309] As shown, the device 2000 includes a processor 2010, a memory 2020 coupled to the processor 2010, a suitable transceiver 2040 coupled to the processor 2010, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 2040. The memory 2020 stores at least a part of a program 2030. The transceiver 2040 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 2040 may include at least one of a transmitter 2042 and a receiver 2044. The transmitter 2042 and the receiver 2044 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 2040 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0310] The program 2030 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 2010, enable the device 2000 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 3 to 19) . The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 2010 of the device 2000, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 2010 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 2010 and memory 2020 may form processing means 2050 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0311] The memory 2020 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 2020 is shown in the device 2000, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 2000. The processor 2010 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 2000 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0312] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: indicate, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0313] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for path switching to a second path between the terminal device and a further network device via a second relay device, to trigger the terminal device to indicate, to an upper layer, the second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and the network device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0314] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the first network device as discussed above.
[0315] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device; and perform the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the second network device as discussed above.
[0316] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the first network device as discussed above.
[0317] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device; and perform the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the second network device as discussed above.
[0318] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; determine availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message, wherein the second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device; and communicate with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0319] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; and communicate with the network device via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0320] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device; and in accordance with a determination that the first indirect path is kept, communicate with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0321] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0322] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0323] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for indicating, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device. In some embodiments, the first apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1000. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1000. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0324] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, a message for path switching to a second path between the terminal device and a further network device via a second relay device, to trigger the terminal device to indicate, to an upper layer, the second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and the network device. In some embodiments, the second apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1100. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1100. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0325] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network apparatus is provided. The first network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device. In some embodiments, the third apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1200. In some example embodiments, the third apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1200. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0326] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network apparatus is provided. The second network apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device; and means for performing the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device. In some embodiments, the fourth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1300. In some example embodiments, the fourth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1300. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0327] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first network apparatus is provided. The first network apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device. In some embodiments, the fifth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1400. In some example embodiments, the fifth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1400. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0328] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second network apparatus is provided. The second network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device; and means for performing the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device. In some embodiments, the sixth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1500. In some example embodiments, the sixth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0329] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the p ath between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; means for determining availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message, wherein the second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device; and means for communicating with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. In some embodiments, the seventh apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1600. In some example embodiments, the seventh apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0330] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; and means for communicating with the network device via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path. In some embodiments, the eighth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1700. In some example embodiments, the eighth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0331] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device; and means for in accordance with a determination that the first indirect path is kept, communicating with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path. In some embodiments, the ninth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1800. In some example embodiments, the ninth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0332] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a terminal device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device. In some embodiments, the tenth apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 1900. In some example embodiments, the tenth apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 1900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0333] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0334] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: indicate, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device.
[0335] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: provide an indication of the second relay device to the upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device.
[0336] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device.
[0337] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in response to receiving, from the first network device, a message for the path switching indicating at least one of: the first relay device or the path switching from an indirect path to a further indirect path, provide the indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger the release.
[0338] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: provide the indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger the release, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied, a first condition that the second relay device is different from the first relay device, a second condition that an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device exists, or a third condition that the terminal device is acting as a remote terminal device at a source side.
[0339] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: trigger a release of a radio resource control connection between the terminal device and the first relay device; and provide an indication of the first relay device to an upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device.
[0340] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in response to receiving, from the first network device, a message for the path switching, indicate the second relay device to the upper layer to trigger path switching.
[0341] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for path switching to a second path between the terminal device and a further network device via a second relay device, to trigger the terminal device to indicate, to an upper layer, the second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and the network device.
[0342] In an aspect, it is proposed a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: transmit, to a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device.
[0343] In some embodiments, the path switching is an ongoing path switching preparation or an already prepared path switching.
[0344] In some embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the rel ay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0345] In some embodiments, the first path comprises an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device, and the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of a first relay device in the first path, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0346] In some embodiments, the first path comprises a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, and the cause comprises change of resources for the path switching.
[0347] In an aspect, it is proposed a second network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the second network device to: receive, from a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device; and perform the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0348] In some embodiments, the path switching is an ongoing path switching preparation or an already prepared path switching.
[0349] In some embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0350] In some embodiments, the first path comprises an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device, and the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of a first relay device in the first path, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0351] In some embodiments, the first path comprises a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, and the cause comprises change of resources for the path switching.
[0352] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second network device to: in accordance with a determination that the list of relay devices is absent from the message, release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices.
[0353] In an aspect, it is proposed a first network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the first network device to: receive, from a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via a relay device.
[0354] In some embodiments, the path switching is an already prepared path switching.
[0355] In some embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0356] In some embodiments, the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of the relay device, a lack of resources for the relay device, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0357] In some embodiments, the first path comprises one of: a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, or an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device.
[0358] In an aspect, it is proposed a second network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the second network device to: transmit, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device; and perform the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.
[0359] In some embodiments, the path switching is an already prepared path switching.
[0360] In some embodiments, the message comprises at least one of: an identification of the terminal device, a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device, an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices, an identification of a cell of the second network device, an identification of the second network device, or a cause for the canceling of the path switching.
[0361] In some embodiments, the cause comprises at least one of: mobility of the relay device, a lack of resources for the relay device, or change of resources for the path switching.
[0362] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second network device to: in accordance with a determination that the list of relay devices is absent from the message, release resources for all of the plurality of relay devices.
[0363] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the second network device to: in accordance with a determination that the message comprises the list of relay devices, release resources for the list of relay devices.
[0364] In some embodiments, the first path comprises one of: a direct path between the terminal device and the first network device, or an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device via a first relay device.
[0365] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal devi ce and the network device via the first relay device; determine availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message, wherein the second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device; and communicate with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0366] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: determine that the indication of second indirect path is available, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied: a first condition that the message indicates to add or change an indirect path, a second condition that the message indicates an indication of the second relay device, a third condition that a further message for adding or changing an indirect path is received by the terminal device, or a fourth condition that the message indicates adding a direct path by a further indication.
[0367] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path; and in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available, provide an indication of the second relay device to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0368] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available, indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path; and provide an indication of the second relay device to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0369] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available, provide a first indication of the second relay device to the upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path; and in response to providing the first indication, provide a second indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger the release of the first indirect path.
[0370] In some embodiments, the second relay device is different from the first relay device.
[0371] In some embodiments, a timer for adding or changing an indirect path is absent from the message.
[0372] In some embodiments, the first relay device and the second relay device are the same, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available in the message and the second indirect path is the same with the first indirect path, keep the first indirect path.
[0373] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is unavailable in the message, keep the first indirect path.
[0374] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that a signaling radio bearer is configured via the second indirect path, apply a predefined configuration of sidelink radio link control for the signaling radio bearer.
[0375] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that a signaling radio bearer is configured via the second indirect path and a further configuration for the signaling radio bearer is absent from the message, apply a predefined configuration of sidelink radio link control for the signaling radio bearer.
[0376] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path.
[0377] In some embodiments, the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to: in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path without releasing the first indirect path.
[0378] In some embodiments, the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to: in response to receiving a further message including at least one of: a configuration of the second indirect path, or an indication for changing the first indirect path, provide an indication of the second relay device to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path; and provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0379] In some embodiments, the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to: in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path; and provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0380] In some embodiments, the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to: in response to receiving a further message including a configuration of the second indirect path, provide an indication of the second relay device to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0381] In some embodiments, the message further comprises a timer for adding or changing an indirect path, and the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to: disable the timer under at least one of the following situations: a first situation that the first indirect path is released, or a second situation that the direct path is added.
[0382] In some embodiments, at least one of a configuration of the direct path or a configuration of the second indirect path is included in a configuration of a special cell or a radio resource control configuration.
[0383] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device; and communicate with the network device via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.
[0384] In some embodiments, a timer for adding or changing an indirect path is absent from the message.
[0385] In some embodiments, the processor is further caused to configure the network device to: transmit, to the terminal device, a further message including at least one of: a configuration of the second indirect path, or an indication for changing the first indire ct path.
[0386] In some embodiments, at least one of a configuration of the direct path or the configuration of the second indirect path is included in a configuration of a special cell or a radio resource control configuration.
[0387] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device; and in accordance with a determination that the first indirect path is kept, communicate with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path.
[0388] In some embodiments, the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to: indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.
[0389] In some embodiments, the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to: in accordance with a determination that the message indicates at least one of an indirect path release or an indirect path change, indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger a release of the first indirect path.
[0390] In some embodiments, the message indicates to keep the first indirect path.
[0391] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device.
[0392] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0393] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0394] In an aspect, a first network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.
[0395] In an aspect, a second network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.
[0396] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0397] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0398] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.
[0399] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.
[0400] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0401] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0402] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the first network device discussed above.
[0403] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the second network device discussed above.
[0404] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0405] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 20. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0406] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0407] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0408] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0409] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:indicate, to an upper layer, a second relay device different from a first relay device in a first path between the terminal device and a first network device, to trigger path switching from the first path to a second path between the terminal device and a second network device via the second relay device.2.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:provide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger a release of a connection between the terminal device and the first relay device.3.The terminal device of claim 2, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:provide the indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger the release, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied,a first condition that the second relay device is different from the first relay device,a second condition that an indirect path between the terminal device and the first network device exists, ora third condition that the terminal device is acting as a remote terminal device at a source side.4.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:in response to receiving, from the first network device, a message for the path switching, indicate the second relay device to the upper layer to trigger path switching.5.A first network device comprising:a processor configured to cause the first network device to:transmit, to a second network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device.6.The first network device of claim 5, wherein the message comprises at least one of:an identification of the terminal device,a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device,an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices,an identification of a cell of the second network device,an identification of the second network device, ora cause for the canceling of the path switching.7.A second network device comprising:a processor configured to cause the second network device to:transmit, to a first network device, a message at least indicating canceling of path switching from a first path between a terminal device and the first network device to a second path between the terminal device and the second network device via a relay device; andperform the cancelling by releasing resources for the relay device.8.The second network device of claim 7, wherein the message comprises at least one of:an identification of the terminal device,a list of relay devices selected from a plurality of relay devices associated with the second network device, the list of relay devices comprising the relay device,an indication indicating all of the plurality of relay devices,an identification of a cell of the second network device,an identification of the second network device, ora cause for the canceling of the path switching.9.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, a message for adding a direct path between the terminal device and the network device, via a first relay device of a first indirect path, wherein the first indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via the first relay device;determine availability of an indication of a second indirect path at least based on the message, wherein the second indirect path is the path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device; andcommunicate with the network device, based on the availability, via at least one of: the direct path, the first indirect path, or the second indirect path.10.The terminal device of claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:determine that the indication of second indirect path is available, based on at least one of the following conditions being satisfied:a first condition that the message indicates to add or change an indirect path,a second condition that the message indicates an indication of the second relay device,a third condition that a further message for adding or changing an indirect path is received by the terminal device, ora fourth condition that the message indicates adding a direct path by a further indication.11.The terminal device of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available,indicate to an upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path; andprovide an indication of the second relay device to an upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path.12.The terminal device of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:in accordance with a determination that the indication of the second indirect path is available, provide a first indication of the second relay device to the upper layer, to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path; andin response to providing the first indication, provide a second indication of the first relay device to the upper layer, to trigger the release of the first indirect path.13.The terminal device of any of claims 9-12, wherein a timer for adding or changing an indirect path is absent from the message.14.The terminal device of any of claims 9-13, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:in accordance with a determination that a signaling radio bearer is configured via the second indirect path, apply a predefined configuration of sidelink radio link control for the signaling radio bearer.15.The terminal device of any of claims 9-14, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the terminal device to:in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path.16.The terminal device of claim 9, wherein the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to:in response to receiving the message, establish the direct path without releasing the first indirect path.17.The terminal device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to:in response to receiving a further message including at least one of: a configuration of the second indirect path, or an indication for changing the first indirect path,provide an indication of the second relay device to trigger an establishment of the second indirect path; andprovide an indication of the first relay device to the upper layer to trigger a release of the first indirect path.18.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, a message for adding a second indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a second relay device, wherein the terminal device is in a first indirect path between the terminal device and the network device via a first relay device; andin accordance with a determination that the first indirect path is kept, communicate with the network device via the first indirect path and the second indirect path.19.The terminal device of claim 18, wherein the processor is further caused to configure the terminal device to:in accordance with a determination that the message indicates at least one of an indirect path release or an indirect path change, indicate, to an upper layer, to trigger a release of the first indirect path.20.The terminal device of claim 18, wherein the message indicates to keep the first indirect path.
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