Information transmission method and apparatus, and communication device, communication system and storage medium

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are an information transmission method and apparatus, and a communication device, a communication system and a storage medium. A measurement network element receives first information, wherein the first information is used for instructing the measurement network element to determine a network state.

Description

Information transmission method and device, communication equipment, communication system and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to information transmission methods and devices, communication equipment, communication systems, and storage media. Background Art

[0002] Mobile media services, cloud-based extended reality (eXtended Reality) services such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), cloud gaming, and video-based remote control of machines or drones are expected to contribute increasingly high traffic to 5G networks. In addition to audio and video streams, XR services also involve multimodal data streams, such as those for biotactile perception. This multimodal data describes the same service or application, input from the same or different devices (including sensors), and may be output to one or more destination devices. The data streams within multimodal data often have some, or even strong, correlation, such as synchronization between audio and video streams, or tactile and visual synchronization. These media services share common characteristics within their data streams, between the data streams themselves, and in terms of the network transmission requirements. Effectively identifying and leveraging these characteristics will facilitate network and service transmission and control, as well as enhance service assurance and user experience.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an information transmission method and apparatus, a communication device, and a storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an information transmission method is proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and is performed by a measurement network element, wherein the method includes:

[0006] First information is received, wherein the first information is used to instruct a measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0007] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an information transmission method is proposed, which is performed by a Session Management Function (SMF) element, wherein the method includes:

[0008] First information is sent to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0009] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an information transmission method is proposed, which is performed by a policy control function (PCF), wherein the method includes:

[0010] First information is sent to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0011] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an information transmission method is proposed, which is performed by an application function (AF), wherein the method includes:

[0012] First information is sent to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0013] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an information transmission method is provided, which is performed by a communication system, wherein the method includes:

[0014] The measurement network element receives first information, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0015] According to a sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a measurement network element, wherein the measurement network element includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the measurement network element is used to execute the optional implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0016] According to the seventh aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an SMF, wherein the above-mentioned SMF includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the above-mentioned SMF is used to execute the optional implementation method of the second aspect.

[0017] According to the eighth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure propose a PCF, wherein the above-mentioned PCF includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the above-mentioned PCF is used to execute the optional implementation method of the third aspect.

[0018] According to the ninth aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an application function network element AF, wherein the above-mentioned AF includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the above-mentioned AF is used to execute the optional implementation method of the fourth aspect.

[0019] According to a tenth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a communication system, wherein the communication system includes: a measurement network element, an SMF, a PCF and an AF; wherein,

[0020] The measurement network element is configured to implement the information transmission method according to the first aspect;

[0021] The SMF is configured to implement the information transmission method according to the second aspect;

[0022] The PCF is configured to implement the information transmission method according to the third aspect;

[0023] The AF is configured to implement the information transmission method described in the fourth aspect.

[0024] According to an eleventh aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device, wherein the communication device includes:

[0025] one or more processors;

[0026] The processor is used to call instructions to enable the communication device to execute the information transmission method described in the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect.

[0027] According to the twelfth aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the information transmission method described in the first aspect or the second aspect or the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0028] In the above embodiment, the measuring network element can determine the network status based on the indication of the first information, thereby improving the controllability of Quality of Service (QoS) monitoring and meeting the network status monitoring requirements of data transmission services. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing an architecture of a communication system according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0031] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0032] FIG3a is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0033] FIG3 b is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0034] FIG4a is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0035] FIG4 b is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0036] FIG4c is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0037] FIG4 d is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0038] FIG4e is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0039] FIG4f is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0040] FIG5 is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0041] FIG6 a is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0042] FIG6 b is a schematic flow chart showing an information transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] FIG7a is a schematic structural diagram of a core network function node measurement network element point according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0044] FIG7 b is a schematic structural diagram of a PCF according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0045] FIG7c is a schematic structural diagram of an SMF according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0046] FIG7 d is a schematic structural diagram of an AF according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0047] FIG8a is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0048] FIG8 b is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an information transmission method and apparatus, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0050] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an information transmission method, which is performed by a measurement network element, wherein the method includes:

[0051] First information is received, wherein the first information is used to instruct a measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the measuring network element can determine the network status based on the indication of the first information, thereby improving the controllability of QoS monitoring and meeting the requirements of data transmission services for network status monitoring.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0054] Data rate;

[0055] Congestion parameters;

[0056] Packet delay parameters;

[0057] The first data packet delay changes.

[0058] In the above embodiments, the measurement network element can monitor at least one of the data rate, congestion parameter, packet delay parameter, and first packet delay change based on the first information, thereby improving the controllability of QoS monitoring and meeting the network status monitoring requirements of data transmission services. In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0059] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0060] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0061] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0062] In the above embodiment, the measurement network element can monitor different types of data rates based on the first information, thereby improving the controllability of QoS monitoring and meeting the requirements of data transmission services for network status monitoring.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0064] Congestion percentage;

[0065] Congestion level;

[0066] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0067] In the above embodiments, the measurement network element can monitor different types of congestion parameters based on the first information, improve the controllability of QoS monitoring, and meet the network status monitoring requirements of data transmission services. In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first data packet delay change includes at least one of the following:

[0068] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0069] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0070] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0071] In the above embodiment, the measurement network element can monitor the delay changes of different types of first data packets based on the first information, improve the controllability of QoS monitoring, and meet the network status monitoring requirements of data transmission services. In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0072] According to the second information, third information indicating the network status is sent.

[0073] In the above embodiment, the network status is reported based on the second information, and the network status reporting method is configured to improve reporting flexibility.

[0074] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, sending third information indicating the network status according to the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0075] Sending the third information based on the triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0076] The third information is sent based on the period indicated by the second information.

[0077] In the above embodiment, the network status is reported periodically based on the triggering of the triggering event, thereby improving the reporting flexibility. In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: based on the triggering of the triggering event, the frequency of sending the third information.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the frequency of reporting the third information is configured. On the one hand, the flexibility of the reporting configuration is improved, and on the other hand, invalid reporting can be reduced and overhead can be lowered.

[0079] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0080] In the above embodiment, when the network status meets the preset conditions, the network status is triggered to be reported, thereby meeting the demand of data transmission services for network status monitoring.

[0081] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0082] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0083] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0084] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0085] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0086] In the above embodiment, when the network status meets the preset conditions, the network status is triggered to be reported, thereby meeting the network status monitoring requirements of the data transmission service. In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes the following:

[0087] receiving the second information sent by the application function AF;

[0088] receiving the second information sent by the session management function SMF;

[0089] The second information is received by the policy control function PCF through the SMF.

[0090] In the above embodiment, at least one of AF, SMF and PCF can send the second information to configure the reported network status. On the one hand, it improves the flexibility of reporting the network status, and on the other hand, it also meets the needs of different network elements for network status reporting.

[0091] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, sending the third information indicating the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0092] Sending the third information to the PCF through the SMF;

[0093] The third information is sent to AF.

[0094] In the above embodiment, the third information is sent to at least one of the AF and the PCF to report the network status, thereby meeting the requirements of different network elements for network status reporting.

[0095] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information is used by the PCF to determine the delay change of the second data packet.

[0096] In the above embodiment, the delay variation of the second data packet is determined by using the PCF, which can reduce the calculation load of the measurement network element.

[0097] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement network element is an access network device, and the sending of the third information indicating the network status includes:

[0098] The access network device sends the third information to the user plane function UPF.

[0099] In the above embodiment, the user sends the third information to the AF to report the network status, thereby improving the flexibility of reporting the network status.

[0100] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, receiving the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0101] Receiving the first information sent by the PCF through the SMF;

[0102] Receive the first information sent by AF.

[0103] In the above embodiment, at least one of the AF and the PCF may send a first information indication to determine the network status. On the one hand, the flexibility of indicating the network status is improved, and on the other hand, the requirements of different network elements for determining the network status are met.

[0104] With reference to some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement network element includes at least one of the following:

[0105] Access network equipment (Radio Access Network, RAN);

[0106] User Plane Function (UPF)

[0107] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an information transmission method, which is performed by an SMF element, wherein the method includes:

[0108] First information is sent to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0109] In the above embodiment, the measuring network element can determine the network status based on the indication of the first information sent by the SMF, thereby improving the controllability of QoS monitoring and meeting the network status monitoring requirements of the data transmission service.

[0110] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0111] Data rate;

[0112] Congestion parameters;

[0113] Packet delay parameters;

[0114] The first data packet delay changes.

[0115] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0116] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0117] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0118] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0119] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0120] Congestion percentage;

[0121] Congestion level;

[0122] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0123] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first data packet delay change includes at least one of the following:

[0124] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0125] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0126] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0127] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0128] receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network status.

[0129] With reference to some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the third information is sent based on the triggering of a triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0130] The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

[0131] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on triggering of the trigger event.

[0132] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0133] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0134] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0135] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0136] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0137] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0138] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes one of the following:

[0139] receiving the second information sent by the PCF;

[0140] The second information is sent to the measurement network element.

[0141] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0142] The third information is sent to the PCF.

[0143] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0144] Receive the first information sent by the PCF.

[0145] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an information transmission method, which is performed by a PCF, wherein the method includes:

[0146] First information is sent to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0147] In the above embodiment, the measurement network element can determine the network status based on the indication of the first information sent by the PCF, thereby improving the controllability of QoS monitoring and meeting the requirements of data transmission services for network status monitoring.

[0148] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0149] Data rate;

[0150] Congestion parameters;

[0151] Packet delay parameters;

[0152] The first data packet delay changes.

[0153] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0154] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0155] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0156] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0157] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0158] Congestion percentage;

[0159] Congestion level;

[0160] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0161] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first data packet delay change includes at least one of the following:

[0162] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0163] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0164] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0165] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0166] receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network status.

[0167] With reference to some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the third information is sent based on the triggering of a triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0168] The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

[0169] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on triggering of the trigger event.

[0170] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0171] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0172] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0173] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0174] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0175] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0176] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes one of the following:

[0177] receiving the second information sent by the application function AF;

[0178] The second information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF.

[0179] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the receiving the third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information includes: receiving the third information sent by the measurement network element through the SMF.

[0180] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information is used by the PCF to determine the delay change of the second data packet.

[0181] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0182] Send fourth information indicating a delay change of the second data packet to the AF.

[0183] With reference to some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, sending the first information to the measurement network element includes:

[0184] The first information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF.

[0185] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving the first information sent by the AF.

[0186] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an information transmission method, which is performed by an application function AF, wherein the method includes:

[0187] First information is sent to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0188] In the above embodiment, the measurement network element can determine the network status based on the indication of the first information sent by the AF, thereby improving the controllability of QoS monitoring and meeting the requirements of data transmission services for network status monitoring.

[0189] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0190] Data rate;

[0191] Congestion parameters;

[0192] Packet delay parameters;

[0193] The first data packet delay changes.

[0194] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0195] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0196] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0197] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0198] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0199] Congestion percentage;

[0200] Congestion level;

[0201] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0202] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first data packet delay change includes at least one of the following:

[0203] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0204] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0205] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0206] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0207] receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network status.

[0208] With reference to some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the third information is sent based on the triggering of a triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0209] The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

[0210] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: the frequency of sending the third information based on the triggering of the triggering event.

[0211] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0212] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0213] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0214] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0215] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0216] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0217] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes one of the following:

[0218] The second information is sent to the measurement network element.

[0219] With reference to some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the sending the second information to the measurement network element includes at least one of the following:

[0220] The second information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF and the PCF.

[0221] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0222] Receive fourth information sent by the PCF and indicating a delay change of a second data packet, wherein the delay change of the second data packet is determined by the PCF based on the data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information.

[0223] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an information transmission method, which is performed by a communication system, wherein the method includes:

[0224] The measurement network element receives first information, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0225] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a measurement network element, wherein the measurement network element includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the measurement network element is used to execute the optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0226] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an SMF, wherein the above-mentioned SMF includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the above-mentioned SMF is used to execute the optional implementation method of the second aspect.

[0227] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a PCF, wherein the PCF includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the PCF is used to execute the optional implementation method of the third aspect.

[0228] In the ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an application function network element AF, wherein the above-mentioned AF includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the above-mentioned AF is used to execute the optional implementation method of the fourth aspect.

[0229] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a communication system, wherein the communication system includes: a measurement network element, an SMF, a PCF, and an AF; wherein,

[0230] The measurement network element is configured to implement the information transmission method according to the first aspect;

[0231] The SMF is configured to implement the information transmission method according to the second aspect;

[0232] The PCF is configured to implement the information transmission method according to the third aspect;

[0233] The AF is configured to implement the information transmission method described in the fourth aspect.

[0234] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, wherein the communication device includes:

[0235] one or more processors;

[0236] The processor is used to call instructions to enable the communication device to execute the information transmission method described in the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect.

[0237] In the twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the information transmission method described in the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect.

[0238] It is understandable that the above-mentioned terminals, network devices, communication systems, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips, or chip systems are all used to perform the methods proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods and will not be repeated here.

[0239] The present disclosure provides an information transmission method and apparatus, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms "information transmission method" and "information processing method" are interchangeable; the terms "information transmission apparatus" and "information processing apparatus" are interchangeable; and the terms "communication system" and "information processing system" are interchangeable.

[0240] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive and are merely illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to be a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In the absence of contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0241] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified or provided for by logic, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0242] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0243] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, elements expressed in the singular, such as "a", "an", "the", "above", "said", "the", "the", etc., may mean "one and only one", or "one or more", "at least one", etc. For example, when using articles such as "a", "an", "the" in English in translation, the noun following the article may be understood as a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0244] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “plurality” refers to two or more.

[0245] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one," "one or more," "a plurality of," "multiple," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0246] In some embodiments, descriptions such as "at least one of A and B," "A and / or B," "in one case A, in another case B," or "in one case A, in another case B" may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); and in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0247] In some embodiments, "A or B" and other descriptions may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0248] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects and do not constitute any restriction on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the description objects. For the statement of the description object, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and no unnecessary restriction should be constituted due to the use of prefixes. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal number before the "field" in the "first field" and the "second field" does not limit the position or order between the "fields". "First" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they limit the order of the "first field" and the "second field". For another example, if the description object is a "level", the ordinal number before the "level" in the "first level" and the "second level" does not limit the priority between the "levels". For another example, the number of description objects is not limited by the ordinal number and can be one or more. Taking "first device" as an example, the number of "devices" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the description object is "device", then the "first device" and the "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different; for another example, if the description object is "information", then the "first information" and the "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their contents can be the same or different.

[0249] In some embodiments, “including A,” “comprising A,” “used to indicate A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0250] In some embodiments, terms such as "time / frequency" and "time / frequency domain" refer to the time domain and / or the frequency domain.

[0251] In some embodiments, terms such as "in response to...", "in response to determining...", "in the case of...", "at the time of...", "when...", "if...", "if...", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0252] In some embodiments, terms such as "greater than", "greater than or equal to", "not less than", "more than", "more than or equal to", "not less than", "higher than", "higher than or equal to", "not less than", and "above" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "less than", "less than or equal to", "not greater than", "less than", "less than or equal to", "not more than", "lower than", "lower than or equal to", "not higher than", and "below" can be replaced with each other.

[0253] In some embodiments, devices, etc. can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as "device", "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", and "subject" can be used interchangeably.

[0254] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network (for example, access network equipment, core network function nodes (core network equipment), etc.).

[0255] In some embodiments, the terms "access network device (AN device)", "radio access network device (RAN device)", "base station (BS)", "radio base station" "fixed station", "node", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission / reception point (TRP)", "panel", "antenna panel", "antenna array", "cell", "macro cell", "small cell", "femto cell", "pico cell", "sector", "cell group", "serving cell", "carrier", "component carrier", "bandwidth part (BWP)" and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0256] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0257] In some embodiments, an access network device, a core network function node, or a network device can be replaced by a terminal. For example, the various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to a structure in which the communication between an access network device, a core network function node, or a network device and a terminal is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (for example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, it is also possible to set the structure in which the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can also be replaced by terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, an uplink channel, a downlink channel, etc. can be replaced by a side channel, and an uplink, a downlink, etc. can be replaced by a side link.

[0258] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network function node, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, the core network function node, or the network device may also be configured to have all or part of the functions of the terminal.

[0259] In some embodiments, obtaining data, information, etc. may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the data is obtained.

[0260] In some embodiments, data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0261] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0262] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0263] As shown in FIG1 , a communication system 100 includes at least one of the following: a measurement network element 101 , a core network device 102 , and an AF 103 .

[0264] In some embodiments, the core network device 102 may be a device including an access and mobility management function (AMF), a user plane function (UPF), a policy control function (PCF) 1021, a session management function (SMF) 1022, etc., or may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each including all or part of the AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, etc. The network element may be virtual or physical. The core network includes, for example, at least one of an evolved packet core (EPC), a 5G core network (5GCN), and a next generation core (NGC).

[0265] In some embodiments, the measurement network element may be an access network device.

[0266] In some embodiments, the measurement network element may be a network element in the core network device 102, such as a UPF.

[0267] In some embodiments, the measurement network element may be an access network device and a UPF, and the access network device and the UPF jointly perform the measurement.

[0268] In some embodiments, the access network device may be, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a node B (NB), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved nodeB (HeNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base band unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an open base station (Open RAN), a cloud base station (Cloud RAN), a base station in other communication systems, and at least one of an access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0269] In some embodiments, the technical solution of the present disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within the access network devices involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of the Open RAN, and the processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented through software or programs.

[0270] In some embodiments, the access network device can be composed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), where the CU can also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can be used to split the protocol layer of the access network device, with the functions of some protocol layers centrally controlled by the CU, and the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU, but is not limited to this.

[0271] In some embodiments, the terminal 104 includes, for example, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication capabilities, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and at least one of a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.

[0272] In some embodiments, AF103 may be a device where an external application is located, or AF103 may be multiple devices or a group of devices.

[0273] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0274] The following embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in Figure 1, or a portion thereof, but are not limited thereto. The entities shown in Figure 1 are illustrative only. The communication system may include all or part of the entities shown in Figure 1, or may include other entities outside of Figure 1. The number and form of the entities may be arbitrary. The connection relationship between the entities is illustrative only. The entities may be connected or disconnected, and the connection may be in any manner, including direct or indirect, wired or wireless.

[0275] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G New Radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future Generation Radio Access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.18 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems based on and extending these methods. Furthermore, multiple systems may be combined (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0276] Extended Reality Media (XRM) and interactive media services require the 5GS system to comprehensively consider the Quality of Service (QoS) characteristics of the relevant data streams of the services, such as the delay-critical Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR).

[0277] For data flows, ensure that parameters such as the guaranteed flow bit rate (GFBR), packet delay budget (PDB), and maximum data burst volume (MDBV) are met and coordinated simultaneously. This also involves ensuring the consistency of QoS authorization and execution for multiple XRM data flows within a single UE, and for XRM data flows across multiple UEs.

[0278] Current 5G systems support enhanced AF functionality for processing XRM service data flows based on Protocol Data Unit (PDU) sets. This enhances AF's QoS awareness and assurance of XRM service data flows, and improves user Quality of Experience (QoE). This includes providing PDU Set-specific QoS characteristics and protocol descriptions.

[0279] PDU set specific QoS includes:

[0280] -PDU Set Delay Budget (PSDB);

[0281] -PDU Set Error Rate (PSER);

[0282] -PDU Set Integrated Handling Indication (PSIHI).

[0283] The SMF and UPF can combine the protocol description and protocol header extension provided by the AF to perform the general packet radio service tunneling protocol-user plane (GTP-U) header extension of the corresponding PDU in the corresponding service data flow (SDF) PDU set, carrying PDU Set Information. The PDU Set information is used by the NG-RAN for PDU Set based QoS handling. The PDU Set Information comprises:

[0284] -PDU Set Sequence Number;

[0285] -Indication of End PDU of the PDU Set;

[0286] -PDU Sequence Number within a PDU Set;

[0287] -PDU Set Size in bytes;

[0288] -PDU Set Importance, used to identify the relative importance of the PDU Set compared to other PDU Sets within the QoS Flow.

[0289] In addition to PDU set QoS handling, 5G systems enhance the functionality of XRM service data flows. These enhancements also include increased QoS monitoring requirements, including the measurement and monitoring of congestion information, bandwidth for guaranteed bit rate (GBR) and non-guaranteed bit rate (Non-GBR) XRM service data flows, and monitoring and measurement of packet delay variation (PDV). These QoS-related monitoring and measurement enhancements support QoS assurance and improved QoE for XRM services.

[0290] When performing event triggering and reporting, the current 5G system does not support accurate monitoring and reporting of corresponding event triggers. For example, when the average waiting window is less than (or greater than) the minimum waiting time (also known as waiting duration), accurate monitoring and reporting of network congestion, bandwidth, and jitter monitoring are not supported. Therefore, the service data flow characteristics and QoS requirements of network congestion, bandwidth, and jitter monitoring for XRM services cannot be guaranteed.

[0291] FIG2 is an interactive diagram of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2 , the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method for a communication system 100, the method comprising:

[0292] Step S2101: AF sends the first information.

[0293] In some embodiments, the AF sends the first information to the measurement network element.

[0294] In some embodiments, the measurement network element includes at least one of the following: access network equipment; UPF.

[0295] In some embodiments, the AF may send the first information to the measurement network element through a user.

[0296] In some embodiments, an application server (AS) may send the first information to the measurement network element through a user.

[0297] In some embodiments, the AS may be a specific implementation of the AF. This embodiment is described using the AF as an example. In some embodiments, the AF may send the first information to the measurement network element via a control plane.

[0298] Optionally, the AF may send the first information to the PCF; the PCF may send the first information to the SMF; and the SMF may send the first information to the measurement network element.

[0299] Optionally, SMF can send the first information to the access network device through AMF.

[0300] Optionally, the SMF may send the first information to the UPF.

[0301] Optionally, the AF sends the first information to the PCF, including: the AF sends the first information to the PCF through the NEF.

[0302] In some embodiments, the AF may send the first information to the UPF.

[0303] In some embodiments, the AF may carry the first information in the measurement request.

[0304] Optionally, the measurement request includes: a QoS monitoring request.

[0305] In some embodiments, the first information is used to instruct a measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0306] In some embodiments, the network status may include a network status associated with a traffic data flow.

[0307] Optionally, the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status associated with the XRM service data flow.

[0308] In some embodiments, the network status may be determined by an access network device.

[0309] In some embodiments, the network status may be determined by the UPF.

[0310] In some embodiments, the network status may be determined jointly by the access network device and the UPF.

[0311] In some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0312] Data Rate;

[0313] Congestion information;

[0314] Packet delay parameters;

[0315] First, packet delay variation (Packet Delay Variation).

[0316] In some embodiments, the data rate includes one of the following: a GBR service data flow and a non-guaranteed bit rate (Non-GBR) Non-GBR XRM service data flow.

[0317] In some embodiments, the data packet delay parameter may include data packet delay parameters at different transmission stages during the transmission process of the data packet.

[0318] In some embodiments, the data packet delay parameter may include a first data packet delay variation at different transmission stages during the transmission of the data packet.

[0319] In some embodiments, the transmission phase may be a phase in which a data packet is transmitted from one network element to another. For example, different transmission phases may include: a transmission phase between a UPF and a radio access network (RAN), a transmission phase between an AF and a UPF, and a transmission phase between a RAN and a UE.

[0320] In some embodiments, the first data packet delay variation may be determined by a measurement network element by calculating a data packet delay parameter.

[0321] In some embodiments, the data packet delay parameter may be used by the PCF to calculate and determine the second data packet delay.

[0322] In some embodiments, the first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0323] Maximum packet delay variation determined by multiple measurement averaging windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0324] A minimum data packet delay variation determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0325] The average packet delay variation determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0326] In some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0327] The maximum congestion parameter determined by averaging multiple measurements within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0328] a minimum congestion parameter determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0329] The average congestion parameter determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0330] In some embodiments, when the measurement average window duration is less than the minimum waiting duration, the measuring network element reports at least one of the maximum data rate, the minimum data rate, and the average data rate.

[0331] In some embodiments, the measuring network element determines the network status within a measurement averaging window.

[0332] In some embodiments, the minimum waiting time may be the minimum time interval for the measurement network element to report the network status.

[0333] In some embodiments, the minimum waiting time may include multiple measurement averaging windows, that is, the measuring network element may determine multiple network states within the minimum waiting time.

[0334] In some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0335] Congestion percentage;

[0336] Congestion level;

[0337] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0338] In some embodiments, a congestion percentage is used to indicate the degree of congestion.

[0339] In some embodiments, the congestion levels may be divided based on the degree of congestion.

[0340] In some embodiments, the first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0341] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0342] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0343] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0344] In some embodiments, the uplink packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0345] Variation in uplink data packet delay between UE and RAN;

[0346] Variation in uplink packet latency between the RAN and the PDU Session Anchor-User Plane Function (PSA-UPF);

[0347] The uplink packet delay changes between the Insert User Plane Function (Insert UPF) and the PSA UPF.

[0348] In some embodiments, the downlink packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0349] Variation in downlink data packet delay between RAN and UE;

[0350] Variation in downlink packet delay between PSA UPF and RAN;

[0351] Downlink packet delay variation between PSA UPF and Insert UPF;

[0352] The downlink packet delay between the AS and the PSA UPF varies.

[0353] In some embodiments, the round-trip link data packet delay may include at least one of the following: processing time of the terminal, processing time of a device connected to the terminal, and round-trip transmission time of a device connected to the terminal.

[0354] In some embodiments, the terminal's processing time, the terminal's connected device's processing time, and the terminal's connected device's round-trip transmission time may be determined by the terminal to determine whether they need to be included in the round-trip link data packet delay.

[0355] In some embodiments, step 2101 may be omitted.

[0356] In some embodiments, step 2101 is omitted, and at least one of the PCF and the SMF may determine the first information and send the first information to the measurement network element.

[0357] Step S2102: PCF sends the first information.

[0358] In some embodiments, the PCF sends the first information to the measurement network element.

[0359] In some embodiments, the PCF sends the first information to the measurement network element, including: the PCF sends the first information to the SMF, and the first information is sent by the SMF to the measurement network element.

[0360] In some embodiments, the first information may be sent from the AF to the PCF.

[0361] In some embodiments, the first information may be determined by the PCF and sent to the measurement network element.

[0362] In some embodiments, the PCF generates an authorized QoS monitoring policy for the service data flow based on the QoS monitoring request (carrying the first information) received from the AF, where the QoS monitoring policy includes the first information.

[0363] In some embodiments, the PCF may carry the authorized QoS monitoring policy (the QoS monitoring policy includes the first information) in the PCC rule, and the PCC rule provides it to the SMF.

[0364] In some embodiments, step 2102 may be omitted.

[0365] In some embodiments, step 2102 is omitted, and the SMF may determine the first information and send the first information to the measurement network element.

[0366] Step S2103: SMF sends the first information.

[0367] In some embodiments, the SMF sends the first information to the measurement network element.

[0368] In some embodiments, the SMF sends the first information to the measurement network element, including at least one of the following: the SMF sends the first information to the access network device through the AMF; the SMF sends the first information to the UPF.

[0369] In some embodiments, the first information may be sent from the PCF to the SMF.

[0370] In some embodiments, the first information may be determined by the SMF and sent to the measurement network element.

[0371] In some embodiments, the SMF receives the authorized QoS monitoring policy sent by the PCF (the QoS monitoring policy contains the first information), and the SMF configures the measurement network element to perform network status measurement (such as measuring at least one of the data rate, congestion parameters, packet delay parameters and first packet delay change).

[0372] In some embodiments, step 2103 may be omitted. For example, the first information may be determined by a measurement network element.

[0373] Step S2104: AF sends the second information.

[0374] In some embodiments, the AF may send the second information to the measurement network element through the user.

[0375] In some embodiments, the AF may send the second information to the measurement network element via a control plane.

[0376] Optionally, the AF may send the second information to the PCF; the PCF may send the second information to the SMF; and the SMF may send the second information to the measurement network element.

[0377] Optionally, SMF can send the second information to the access network device through AMF.

[0378] Optionally, the SMF may send second information to the UPF.

[0379] Optionally, the AF sends the second information to the PCF, including: the AF sends the second information to the PCF through the NEF.

[0380] In some embodiments, the AF may send the second information to the UPF.

[0381] In some embodiments, the second information may be subscription information of the AF, and the AF may subscribe to the third information from the PCF, SMF, and measurement network element.

[0382] In some embodiments, the third information is used to indicate a network status determined by the measuring network element.

[0383] In some embodiments, the first information and the second information may be sent using the same signaling or different signaling.

[0384] In some embodiments, the second information is used to instruct the network device on a sending configuration for sending the third information.

[0385] In some embodiments, the sending configuration is used to configure at least one of the following: resources for sending the third information; conditions for sending the third information; and a method for sending the third information.

[0386] In some embodiments, the second information is used to instruct the measurement network element to periodically send the third information.

[0387] In some embodiments, the second information is used to instruct the measurement network element to send the third information based on the triggering of the triggering event.

[0388] In some embodiments, the second information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0389] a triggering event that triggers the measurement network element to send the third information;

[0390] Send the third information cycle and send the third information.

[0391] In some embodiments, if the second information indicates that the third information is sent based on the triggering of the triggering event, the second information is further used to indicate: the frequency of sending the third information.

[0392] In some embodiments, the triggering event includes: a measurement network element determining that a network status meets a preset condition.

[0393] In some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0394] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0395] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0396] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0397] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0398] In some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate a sending destination of the third information.

[0399] Optionally, the sending target includes at least one of the following: PCF, SMF, AF.

[0400] In some embodiments, step 2104 may be omitted.

[0401] In some embodiments, step 2104 is omitted, and at least one of the PCF and the SMF may determine the second information and send the second information to the measurement network element.

[0402] Step S2105: PCF sends the second information.

[0403] In some embodiments, the PCF sends the second information to the measurement network element.

[0404] In some embodiments, the PCF sends the second information to the measurement network element, including: the PCF sends the second information to the SMF, and the second information is sent by the SMF to the measurement network element.

[0405] In some embodiments, the second information may be sent from the AF to the PCF.

[0406] In some embodiments, the second information may be determined by the PCF and sent to the measurement network element.

[0407] In some embodiments, step 2105 may be omitted.

[0408] In some embodiments, step 2105 is omitted, and the SMF may determine the second information and send the second information to the measurement network element.

[0409] Step S2106: SMF sends the second information.

[0410] In some embodiments, the SMF sends the second information to the measurement network element.

[0411] In some embodiments, the SMF sends the second information to the measurement network element, including at least one of the following: the SMF sends the second information to the access network device through the AMF; the SMF sends the second information to the UPF.

[0412] In some embodiments, the second information may be sent from the PCF to the SMF.

[0413] In some embodiments, the second information may be determined by the SMF and sent to the measurement network element.

[0414] In some embodiments, the SMF may determine the second information based on the first information.

[0415] Exemplarily, the SMF receives the authorized QoS monitoring policy (the QoS monitoring policy includes the first information) sent by the PCF, and the SMF configures the measurement network element to report the third information. That is, the SMF determines the second information based on the first information.

[0416] In some embodiments, step 2106 may be omitted. For example, the second information may be determined by a measuring network element.

[0417] Step S2107: measuring the network element to determine the network status.

[0418] In some embodiments, the measurement network element includes at least one of the following: access network equipment; UPF.

[0419] In some embodiments, the measurement network element determines a network status that needs to be measured based on the first information.

[0420] In some embodiments, the measurement network element measures the network status based on the measurement configuration and the first information.

[0421] In some embodiments, the measurement configuration may be determined by at least one of an SMF, a PCF, and a measurement network element.

[0422] Step S2108: The measuring network element sends third information.

[0423] In some embodiments, the third information is used to indicate a network status determined by the measuring network element.

[0424] In some embodiments, the measurement network element sends third information indicating the network status based on the second information.

[0425] In some embodiments, the second information may be received by the measuring network element from at least one of the AF, the PCF, and the SMF.

[0426] In some embodiments, the second information may be pre-stored in the measurement network element.

[0427] In some embodiments, the priority of the second information pre-stored in the measurement network element is lower than the priority of the second information received from the outside.

[0428] Optionally, when the measuring network element receives the second information from the outside, the third information is sent preferentially based on the second information received from the outside.

[0429] In some embodiments, the measurement network element periodically sends third information indicating the network status based on the second information.

[0430] In some embodiments, the measurement network element sends third information indicating the network status based on the second information and triggered by a trigger event.

[0431] Exemplarily, when the measurement result (measured network status result) matches a threshold (for example, the congestion parameter is greater than an upper congestion threshold, or the congestion parameter is less than a lower congestion threshold), the access network device reports the measurement result.

[0432] Exemplarily, when the measurement result (measured network status result) matches the threshold (for example, the first data packet delay change is greater than the upper limit threshold, or the first data packet delay change is lower than the lower limit threshold), the access network device reports the measurement result.

[0433] In some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate a sending destination of the third information.

[0434] Optionally, the measurement network element sends the third information to the sending target.

[0435] Optionally, the sending target includes at least one of the following: PCF, SMF, AF.

[0436] In some embodiments, the measurement network element sends the third information to the sending target indirectly or directly.

[0437] In some embodiments, the measuring network element sends third information to the SMF.

[0438] In some embodiments, the SMF sends third information to the PCF.

[0439] In some embodiments, the PCF sends third information to the AF.

[0440] In some embodiments, the PCF sends the third information to the AF through the NEF.

[0441] In some embodiments, the measurement network element sends the third information to the AF via the user interface.

[0442] Exemplarily, the UPF may send the third information directly to the AF.

[0443] Exemplarily, the UPF may send a third signal to the AF via at least one of the SMF, PCF, and NEF.

[0444] In some embodiments, the access network device sends the third information to the user plane function (UPF). The third information is used to indicate the network status determined by the access network device.

[0445] Optionally, the UPF sends third information based on the network status determined by the UPF and the network status determined by the access network device.

[0446] Step S2109: The PCF determines a delay change of the second data packet.

[0447] In some embodiments, the packet delay variation may be determined by a measuring network element.

[0448] In some embodiments, packet delay variation may be determined by the PCF.

[0449] In some embodiments, the PCF may determine the second data packet delay variation based on the data packet delay indicated by the third information.

[0450] In some embodiments, the data packet delay indicated by the third information may include at least one of the data packet delay determined by the UPF and the data packet delay determined by the access network device.

[0451] In some embodiments, the packet delay may include packet delays at different transmission stages.

[0452] In some embodiments, the data packet delay may include at least one of an uplink data packet delay, a downlink data packet delay, and a round-trip data packet delay.

[0453] Exemplarily, the PCF triggers the QoS monitoring process and obtains the UL, DL or RT QoS monitoring results (packet delay) from the SMF. The PCF outputs the 5GS second packet delay change based on the QoS monitoring results.

[0454] Step S2110: PCF sends the fourth information.

[0455] In some embodiments, the PCF sends fourth information to the AF, indicating the delay change of the second data packet determined by the PCF.

[0456] In some embodiments, the PCF sends the fourth information to the AF through the NEF.

[0457] In some embodiments, the fourth information and the third information may be the same information or different information.

[0458] In some embodiments, the fourth information and the third information are carried by the same signaling, or by different signaling.

[0459] In some embodiments, the term "information" can be interchangeable with terms such as "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "field", and "data".

[0460] In some embodiments, the term "send" can be interchangeable with terms such as "transmit", "report", and "transmit".

[0461] The information transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2110. For example, step S2101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2104 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2106 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2107 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2108 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2109 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S21010 can be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0462] In the absence of any contradiction, the execution order of steps S2101 to S2110 is not restricted.

[0463] In the absence of contradiction, each step from step S2101 to step S2110 can be combined and implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0464] For example, step S2101 in combination with step S2107 and step S2108 may be implemented as independent embodiments;

[0465] Step S2102 combined with step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as an independent embodiment;

[0466] Step S2101 combined with step S2106, step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as an independent embodiment;

[0467] Step S2102 combined with step S2106, step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as an independent embodiment;

[0468] Step S2101 combined with step S2102, step S2103, step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as an independent embodiment;

[0469] Step S2101 combined with step S2102, step S2103, step S2104, step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as an independent embodiment;

[0470] Step S2102 combined with step S2103 , step S2104 , step S2105 , step S2106 , step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as independent embodiments but is not limited thereto.

[0471] Step S2101 combined with step S2102, step S2103, step S2104, step S2105, step S2106, step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as independent embodiments;

[0472] Step S2101 combined with step S2102, step S2103, step S2104, step S2105, step S2106, step S2107, step S2108 and step S2109 can be implemented as an independent embodiment;

[0473] Step S2101, in combination with step S2102, step S2103, step S2104, step S2105, step S2106, step S2107, step S2108, step S2109 and step S2110, may be implemented as an independent embodiment;

[0474] Step S2102 combined with step S2103 , step S2104 , step S2105 , step S2106 , step S2107 and step S2108 can be implemented as independent embodiments, but not limited thereto.

[0475] FIG3a is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3a, the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by a measurement network element 101. The method includes:

[0476] Step S3101: Obtain first information.

[0477] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0478] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0479] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0480] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 may also receive first information sent by other entities.

[0481] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 obtains first information specified by a protocol.

[0482] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 obtains the first information from an upper layer(s).

[0483] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 performs processing to obtain the first information.

[0484] In some embodiments, step S3101 is omitted, and the measurement network element 101 autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0485] Step S3102: Obtain second information.

[0486] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0487] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0488] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2106 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0489] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 may also receive second information sent by other entities.

[0490] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 obtains second information specified by the protocol.

[0491] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 obtains the second information from upper layer(s).

[0492] In some embodiments, the measurement network element 101 performs processing to obtain the second information.

[0493] In some embodiments, step S3102 is omitted, and the measurement network element 101 autonomously implements the function indicated by the second information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0494] Step S3103: Determine the network status.

[0495] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2107 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0496] Step S3104: Send the third information.

[0497] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2108 in Figure 2 and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0498] The information transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3104. For example, step S3101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S3102 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S3103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S3104 may be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0499] For example, step S3103 combined with step S3104 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Step S3101 combined with steps S3103 to 3104 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Steps S3101 to 3104 can be implemented in combination as an independent embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0500] FIG3b is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3b , the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by the measurement network element 101 and includes:

[0501] Step S3201: Receive first information.

[0502] In some embodiments, the first information is used to instruct a measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0503] In some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0504] Data rate;

[0505] Congestion parameters;

[0506] Packet delay parameters;

[0507] The first data packet delay changes.

[0508] In some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0509] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0510] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0511] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0512] In some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0513] Congestion percentage;

[0514] Congestion level;

[0515] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0516] In some embodiments, the first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0517] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0518] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0519] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0520] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0521] According to the second information, third information indicating the network status is sent.

[0522] In some embodiments, sending third information indicating the network status according to the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0523] Sending the third information based on the triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0524] The third information is sent based on the period indicated by the second information.

[0525] In some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on triggering of the trigger event.

[0526] In some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0527] In some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0528] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0529] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0530] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0531] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0532] In some embodiments, the method further comprises one of the following:

[0533] receiving the second information sent by the application function AF;

[0534] receiving the second information sent by the session management function SMF;

[0535] The second information is received by the policy control function PCF through the SMF.

[0536] In some embodiments, the sending of the third information indicating the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0537] Sending the third information to the PCF through the SMF;

[0538] The third information is sent to AF.

[0539] In some embodiments, the data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information is used by the PCF to determine a second data packet delay change.

[0540] In some embodiments, the measurement network element is an access network device, and the sending of the third information indicating the network status includes:

[0541] The access network device sends the third information to the user plane function UPF.

[0542] In some embodiments, the receiving of the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0543] Receiving the first information sent by the PCF through the SMF;

[0544] Receive the first information sent by AF.

[0545] In some embodiments, the measurement network element includes at least one of the following:

[0546] Access network equipment

[0547] UPF.

[0548] FIG4a is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3a, the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by PCF 1021 and includes:

[0549] Step S4101: Obtain first information.

[0550] The optional implementation of step S4101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0551] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 receives the first information sent by AF 103, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the first information sent by other entities.

[0552] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 obtains first information specified by the protocol.

[0553] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 obtains the first information from upper layer(s).

[0554] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 performs processing to obtain the first information.

[0555] In some embodiments, step S4101 is omitted, and PCF 1021 autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0556] Step S4102: Send the first message.

[0557] The optional implementation of step S4102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0558] Step S4103: Obtain the second information.

[0559] The optional implementation of step S4103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0560] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 receives the first information sent by AF 103, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the second information sent by other entities.

[0561] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 obtains second information specified by the protocol.

[0562] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 obtains the second information from upper layer(s).

[0563] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 performs processing to obtain the second information.

[0564] In some embodiments, step S4101 is omitted, and PCF 1021 autonomously implements the function indicated by the second information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0565] Step S4104: Send the second information.

[0566] The optional implementation of step S4104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0567] Step S4105: Obtain third information.

[0568] The optional implementation of step S4105 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2108 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0569] In some embodiments, the PCF 1021 receives the first information sent by the measurement network element 101, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0570] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 obtains third information specified by the protocol.

[0571] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 obtains the third information from upper layer(s).

[0572] In some embodiments, PCF 1021 performs processing to obtain third information.

[0573] In some embodiments, step S4105 is omitted, and PCF 1021 autonomously implements the function indicated by the third information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0574] Step S4106: Determine the delay change of the second data packet.

[0575] The optional implementation of step S4106 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2109 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0576] Step S4107: Send the fourth message.

[0577] The optional implementation of step S4107 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2110 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0578] The information transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S4101 to S4107. For example, step S4101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4104 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S4107 can be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0579] For example, step S4101 combined with step S4102 and step S4105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Steps S4101 to S4107 can be implemented in combination as independent embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0580] FIG4 b is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4 b , the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by PCF 1021 and includes:

[0581] Step S4201: Send first information to a measurement network element.

[0582] In some embodiments, the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0583] In some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0584] Data rate;

[0585] Congestion parameters;

[0586] Packet delay parameters;

[0587] The first data packet delay changes.

[0588] In some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0589] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0590] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0591] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0592] In some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0593] Congestion percentage;

[0594] Congestion level;

[0595] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0596] In some embodiments, the first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0597] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0598] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0599] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0600] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0601] receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network status.

[0602] In some embodiments, the third information is sent based on the triggering of a triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0603] The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

[0604] In some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on triggering of the trigger event.

[0605] In some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0606] In some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0607] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0608] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0609] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0610] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0611] In some embodiments, the method further comprises one of the following:

[0612] receiving the second information sent by the application function AF;

[0613] The second information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF.

[0614] In some embodiments, the receiving the third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information includes: receiving the third information sent by the measurement network element through SMF.

[0615] In some embodiments, the data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information is used by the PCF to determine a second data packet delay change.

[0616] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0617] Send fourth information indicating a delay change of the second data packet to the AF.

[0618] In some embodiments, the sending the first information to the measurement network element includes:

[0619] The first information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF.

[0620] In some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving the first information sent by AF.

[0621] FIG4c is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4c, the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by SMF 1022 and includes:

[0622] Step S4301: Obtain first information.

[0623] The optional implementation of step S4301 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0624] In some embodiments, SMF 1022 receives the first information sent by PCF 1021, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the first information sent by other entities.

[0625] In some embodiments, the SMF 1022 obtains first information specified by the protocol.

[0626] In some embodiments, the SMF 1022 obtains the first information from upper layer(s).

[0627] In some embodiments, the SMF 1022 performs processing to obtain the first information.

[0628] In some embodiments, step S4301 is omitted, and SMF 1022 autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0629] Step S4302: Send the first message.

[0630] The optional implementation of step S4302 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0631] Step S4303: Obtain the second information.

[0632] The optional implementation of step S4303 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0633] In some embodiments, SMF 1022 receives the second information sent by AF 103, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the second information sent by other entities.

[0634] In some embodiments, SMF 1022 obtains second information specified by the protocol.

[0635] In some embodiments, SMF 1022 obtains the second information from upper layer(s).

[0636] In some embodiments, the SMF 1022 performs processing to obtain the second information.

[0637] In some embodiments, step S4301 is omitted, and SMF 1022 autonomously implements the function indicated by the second information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0638] Step S4304: Send the second information.

[0639] The optional implementation of step S4304 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2106 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0640] Step S4305: Obtain third information.

[0641] The optional implementation of step S4305 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2108 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0642] In some embodiments, the SMF 1022 receives the first information sent by the measurement network element 101, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0643] In some embodiments, SMF 1022 obtains third information specified by the protocol.

[0644] In some embodiments, SMF 1022 obtains the third information from upper layer(s).

[0645] In some embodiments, SMF 1022 performs processing to obtain third information.

[0646] In some embodiments, step S4305 is omitted, and SMF 1022 autonomously implements the function indicated by the third information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0647] Step S4306: Send the third information.

[0648] The optional implementation of step S4306 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2108 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0649] The information transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S4301 to S4306. For example, step S4301 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4302 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4303 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4304 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S4305 can be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0650] For example, step S4301 combined with step S4302 and step S4305 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Steps S4301 to S4306 can be implemented in combination as independent embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0651] FIG4 d is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4 d , the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by SMF 1022 and includes:

[0652] Step S4401: Send first information to a measurement network element.

[0653] In some embodiments, the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine the network status.

[0654] In some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0655] Data rate;

[0656] Congestion parameters;

[0657] Packet delay parameters;

[0658] The first data packet delay changes.

[0659] In some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0660] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0661] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0662] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0663] In some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0664] Congestion percentage;

[0665] Congestion level;

[0666] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0667] In some embodiments, the first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0668] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0669] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0670] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0671] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0672] receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network status.

[0673] In some embodiments, the third information is sent based on the triggering of a triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0674] The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

[0675] In some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on triggering of the trigger event.

[0676] In some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0677] In some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0678] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0679] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0680] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0681] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0682] In some embodiments, the method further comprises one of the following:

[0683] receiving the second information sent by the PCF;

[0684] The second information is sent to the measurement network element.

[0685] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0686] The third information is sent to the PCF.

[0687] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0688] Receive the first information sent by the PCF.

[0689] FIG4e is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4e , the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by AF 103 and includes:

[0690] Step S4501: Send the first information.

[0691] The optional implementation of step S4501 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0692] Step S4502: Send the second information.

[0693] The optional implementation of step S4502 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0694] Step S4503: Obtain third information.

[0695] The optional implementation of step S4503 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2108 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0696] In some embodiments, the AF 103 receives the third information sent by the measurement network element 101, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0697] In some embodiments, the AF 103 obtains third information specified by the protocol.

[0698] In some embodiments, the AF 103 obtains the third information from upper layer(s).

[0699] In some embodiments, the AF 103 performs processing to obtain the third information.

[0700] In some embodiments, step S4505 is omitted, and AF 103 autonomously implements the function indicated by the third information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0701] Step S4504: Obtain fourth information.

[0702] The optional implementation of step S4504 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2110 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0703] In some embodiments, AF 103 receives the fourth information sent by PCF 1021, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0704] In some embodiments, the AF 103 obtains fourth information specified by the protocol.

[0705] In some embodiments, the AF 103 obtains the fourth information from upper layer(s).

[0706] In some embodiments, the AF 103 performs processing to obtain the fourth information.

[0707] In some embodiments, step S4505 is omitted, and AF 103 autonomously implements the function indicated by the fourth information, or the above function is default or by default.

[0708] The information transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S4501 to S4504. For example, step S4501 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4502 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S4503 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S4504 may be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0709] For example, step S4501 is combined with step S4503 and step S4504 to be implemented as an independent embodiment. Steps S4501 to S4504 are combined to be implemented as an independent embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0710] FIG4f is a flow chart of an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4c , the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method, which is executed by AF 103 and includes:

[0711] Step S4601: Sending first information to the measurement network element.

[0712] In some embodiments, the first information is used to instruct a measurement network element to determine a network status.

[0713] In some embodiments, the network status includes at least one of the following:

[0714] Data rate;

[0715] Congestion parameters;

[0716] Packet delay parameters;

[0717] The first data packet delay changes.

[0718] In some embodiments, the data rate includes at least one of the following:

[0719] The maximum data rate determined by averaging multiple measurement windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting;

[0720] a minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time;

[0721] The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

[0722] In some embodiments, the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0723] Congestion percentage;

[0724] Congestion level;

[0725] The proportion of different congestion levels.

[0726] In some embodiments, the first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following:

[0727] Uplink packet delay variation;

[0728] Downlink packet delay variation;

[0729] Variation in packet delay around the link.

[0730] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0731] receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network status.

[0732] In some embodiments, the third information is sent based on the triggering of a triggering event indicated by the second information;

[0733] The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

[0734] In some embodiments, the second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on triggering of the trigger event.

[0735] In some embodiments, the triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

[0736] In some embodiments, the network status satisfies a preset condition, including at least one of the following:

[0737] The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold;

[0738] The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold;

[0739] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is greater than a third threshold;

[0740] The determined delay variation of the first data packet is less than a fourth threshold.

[0741] In some embodiments, the method further comprises one of the following:

[0742] The second information is sent to the measurement network element.

[0743] In some embodiments, the sending the second information to the measurement network element includes at least one of the following:

[0744] The second information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF and the PCF.

[0745] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0746] Receive fourth information sent by the PCF and indicating a delay change of a second data packet, wherein the delay change of the second data packet is determined by the PCF based on the data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information.

[0747] FIG5 is an interactive diagram illustrating an information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG5 , the present disclosure embodiment relates to an information transmission method for a communication system 100, and the method includes one of the following steps:

[0748] Step S5101: The measuring network element receives first information.

[0749] In some embodiments, the measurement network element receives first information sent by any one of the AF, PCF, and SMF.

[0750] First Information The first information is used to instruct the measuring network element to determine the network status.

[0751] For optional implementations of step S5101, please refer to step S2101, step S2102, step S2103 in Figure 2, step S3101 in Figure 3a, step S3201 in Figure 3b, step S4202 in Figure 4a, step S4201 in Figure 4b, step S4302 in Figure 4c, step S4401 in Figure 4d, step S4501 in Figure 4e, step S4601 in Figure 4f, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, and 4f, which will not be repeated here.

[0752] In some embodiments, the above method may include the methods of the above-mentioned embodiments of measuring the network element side, AF side, SMF side, PCF device side, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0753] The following provides a specific example in combination with any of the above embodiments:

[0754] Example 1: Applying QoS monitoring of network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) based on AF request and / or PCF policy control. Requires the RAN / UPF to provide QoS monitoring results on network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0755] 1) For data rate (GBR flow and / or non-GBR flow).

[0756] -For event-triggered reporting, based on indications from the SMF or UPF local configuration, if the averaging window is shorter than the minimum waiting time, the UPF reports the minimum monitored data rate, and / or the maximum monitored data rate, and / or the average monitored data rate.

[0757] - The reporting indication may be indicated from the AF's subscription, or from the PCC rules of the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, the reporting indication shall be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0758] -NG-RAN and / or UPF provide data rate measurements. The UPF reports the data rate to the AF via the NEF (measured by the UPF or RAN, or calculated by the UPF and RAN), or reports the data rate to the PCF via the SMF.

[0759] 2) Congestion information (percentage of congestion, congestion level, or percentage of congestion level).

[0760] -NG-RAN provides congestion measurements.

[0761] -Reporting period, periodicity and event-triggered reporting frequency are applicable to the monitoring and exposure of congestion information.

[0762] - For event-triggered reporting, the RAN reports the measurement result when the measurement result matches a threshold (eg, up to an upper threshold for congestion information, or down to a lower threshold for congestion information).

[0763] - For event-triggered reporting, minimum and maximum congestion reports can also be reported if received within the minimum wait time.

[0764] - This reporting can be indicated from the SMF or UPF local configuration. The reporting indication can be indicated from the AF subscription, or from the PCC rules from the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, it should be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0765] - Reporting indications may be determined taking into account GBR or non-GBR QoS requirements, such as minimum and maximum congestion reporting for GBR flows, and average congestion reporting for non-GBR flows.

[0766] 3) Packet delay variation (i.e. jitter).

[0767] -Request to perform packet delay variation monitoring together with packet delay monitoring. NG-RAN and UPF provide packet delay measurements.

[0768] -PCF triggers the QoS monitoring process and obtains the UL, DL or RT QoS monitoring results from the SMF. PCF derives the 5GS packet delay variation based on the QoS monitoring results and then reports the packet delay measurement and packet delay variation to the AF / NEF.

[0769] -Reporting period, periodicity, and event-triggered reporting frequencies are suitable for monitoring packet delay variations.

[0770] - For event-triggered reporting, the RAN reports the measurement result when the measurement result matches a threshold (e.g., up to an upper threshold for packet delay variation, or down to a lower threshold for packet delay variation).

[0771] - For event-triggered reporting, minimum and maximum packet delay variation reports may also be reported to the PCF if received within the minimum latency.

[0772] - This reporting can be indicated from the SMF or UPF local configuration. The reporting indication can be indicated from the AF subscription, or from the PCC rules from the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, it should be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0773] The RAN and / or UPF performs monitoring, measurement, and reporting of network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation). The network status measurement results are reported via:

[0774] Report to the PCF (via the SMF) for PCF PCC decision-making (updating or generating PCC rules). PDV is calculated and generated by the PCF, for example, based on multiple received packet delay reports.

[0775] Or, it is sent to AF (directly or through NEF) for AF to update QoS requirements or decide AF session request.

[0776] Specifically, the relevant network functions:

[0777] AF side:

[0778] The AF sends a request to reserve resources for the AF session using the Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request message. The AF may provide QoS monitoring requirements including network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) to the NEF / PCF during the AF QoS request / update procedure.

[0779] PCF side:

[0780] The PCF generates an authorized QoS monitoring policy (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) for the service data flow based on the QoS monitoring request received from the AF.

[0781] The PCF includes the authorized QoS monitoring policy (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) in the PCC rules and provides it to the SMF.

[0782] SMF side:

[0783] When the SMF receives an authorized QoS monitoring policy for (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation), the SMF configures the UPF to perform (network status (such as congestion information, data rate / packet delay variation) measurement.

[0784] The SMF configures the UPF to report the QoS monitoring results (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) of the QoS flow, where the SMF determines the parameters based on the authorized QoS monitoring policy received from the PCF and / or local configuration.

[0785] After receiving the report from UPF, SMF forwards the (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) report to PCF to determine PCC rules and exposure to AF if AF subscribes.

[0786] UPF side:

[0787] The SMF configures the UPF to perform QoS monitoring (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) on QoS flows and report the monitoring results:

[0788] - QoS parameter(s) to be measured, indicating the items to be monitored by QoS (i.e., network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0789] - Reporting period, indicating the time interval within which new measurement results and potential reports must be available.

[0790] - Reporting frequency (Reporting frequency) Reporting type indicates the reporting frequency of "periodic" or "event-triggered".

[0791] -(Optional)Target of the reporting and Indication of direct event notification indicating that the UPF shall send the reports to a different NF than the SMF (ieto the Local NEF or the AF).

[0792] UPF performs QoS monitoring (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0793] The UPF reports to the SMF, PCF (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay changes), and / or reports to the local NEF or AF.

[0794] In some embodiments, the report may be third information.

[0795] In some embodiments, the report indication may be the second information.

[0796] Example 2: Setting up an AF session using the required QoS procedure, as shown in Figure 6a, includes the following steps:

[0797] Step 6101: The AF sends an AF session resource request, for example, by using Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request. The AF carries the QoS requirements of the XRM service and interactive media service data flows in the request message.

[0798] QoS monitoring of network status (network status includes at least one of the following: congestion information; data rate; packet delay variation) is applied based on AF request and / or PCF policy control.

[0799] The AF may provide QoS monitoring of the network status to the NEF / PCF during the AF QoS request / update procedure.

[0800] Optionally, the AF may carry XRM service information in the AF request to identify the XRM service data flow or data flow group, such as: multi-modal service ID, UE address / UE identifier, AF identifier application ID, data flow description, data network name (Data Network Name, DNN), single network slice selection assistance information (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance information, S-NSSAI), QoS parameters and other corresponding information. Here, the multi-modal service ID can be used to identify all data flows in the XRM service group.

[0801] Step 6102: The NEF authorizes the AF request. If the AF is untrusted, the NEF sends the AF request to the PCF through the NEF. (Optionally, the NEF performs relevant mappings, including mapping the XRM service identifier (AF-Service-Identifier) ​​to the DNN and S-NSSAI, mapping external applications to CN application identifiers; and mapping external UE identifiers to CN internal UE identifiers (such as SUPI) based on UDM subscription information, as well as mapping external to internal XRM service group identifiers based on UDM subscription information.)

[0802] In step 6103, the NEF authorizes the AF request and, based on the parameters provided by the AF, determines whether to invoke the Time Sensitive Communication Time Synchronization Function (TSCTSF) or directly connect to the PCF. The PCF receives the parameters provided by the AF from the NEF or TSCTSF. The NEF triggers the Npcf_PolicyAuthorization_Create request and sends the AF request to the PCF, carrying QoS requirements for the PCF policy decision. The message also carries a QoS monitoring request for the network status of the corresponding Service Data Flow (SDF).

[0803] Step 6104: The PCF makes a policy decision. The PCF may determine that updated or new policy information needs to be sent to the SMF. The PCF makes a policy decision. The PCF may determine that updated or new policy information needs to be sent to the SMF.

[0804] The PCF generates an authorized QoS monitoring policy for the service data flow based on the QoS monitoring request received from the AF and / or PCF policy control to monitor the network status.

[0805] The PCF includes the authorized QoS monitoring policy in the PCC rules to monitor the network status and provides the QoS monitoring policy to the SMF.

[0806] Step 6105: The PCF responds to the NEF with an Npcf_Policy Authorization_Create response.

[0807] Step 6106: NEF sends a Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create response message to AF. The Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create response message carries the request result, informing whether the request is authorized.

[0808] Step 6107: The PCF initiates a Session Management (SM) policy association modification request (SM Policy Association Modification request) to the SMF (PCC rule (inter-burst time)).

[0809] Upon receiving the PCC rules, the SMF determines the QoS rules and QoS set parameters to configure / activate the rules to the UPF (e.g., via the N4 session), and the QoS monitoring policy takes into account the QoS monitoring information of the network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0810] When the SMF receives an authorized QoS monitoring policy for (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation), the SMF configures the UPF to perform (network status (such as congestion information, data rate / packet delay variation) measurement.

[0811] The SMF configures the UPF to report the QoS monitoring results (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) of the QoS flow, where the SMF determines the parameters based on the authorized QoS monitoring policy received from the PCF and / or local configuration.

[0812] The SMF configures the UPF to perform QoS monitoring (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) on QoS flows and report the monitoring results:

[0813] - QoS parameters to be measured indicate items for QoS monitoring (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0814] - Reporting period, indicating the time interval within which new measurement results and potential reports must be available.

[0815] -Report frequency indicates the report type as "periodic" or "event triggered".

[0816] - (Optional) Report reporting target and indicate direct event notification, indicating that the UPF should send the report to a NF different from the SMF (i.e., to the local NEF or AF).

[0817] After receiving the report from UPF, SMF forwards the (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) report to PCF to determine PCC rules and exposure to AF if AF subscribes.

[0818] Step 6108: The SMF responds with an SM Policy Association Modification response to the PCF.

[0819] Step 6109: SMF initiates an N4 session modification request (carrying a network status QoS monitoring policy) to UPF.

[0820] Step 6110: UPF responds to SMF.

[0821] The RAN / UPF is required to provide QoS monitoring results on the network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0822] 1) For data rates (GBR and non-GBR QoS data flows).

[0823] - For event-triggered reporting, if the averaging window is shorter than the minimum waiting time, the UPF reports the minimum monitored data rate and / or the maximum monitored data rate, and / or the average monitored data rate, based on indications from the SMF or UPF local configuration.

[0824] - The reporting indication may be indicated from the AF's subscription, or from the PCC rules of the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, this indication shall be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0825] -NG-RAN and / or UPF provide data rate measurements. The UPF reports the data rate to the AF via the NEF (measured by the UPF or RAN, or calculated by the UPF and RAN), or reports the data rate to the PCF via the SMF.

[0826] 2) Congestion information (percentage of congestion, congestion level, or percentage of congestion level).

[0827] -NG-RAN provides congestion measurements.

[0828] -Reporting period, periodicity and event-triggered reporting frequency are applicable to the monitoring and exposure of congestion information.

[0829] - For event-triggered reporting, the RAN reports the measurement result when the measurement result matches a threshold (eg, up to an upper threshold for congestion information, or down to a lower threshold for congestion information).

[0830] - For event-triggered reporting, minimum and maximum congestion reports can also be reported if received within the minimum wait time.

[0831] - This reporting can be indicated from the SMF or UPF local configuration. The reporting indication can be indicated from the AF subscription, or from the PCC rules from the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, it should be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0832] - Reporting indications may be determined taking into account GBR or non-GBR QoS requirements, such as minimum and maximum congestion reporting for GBR flows, and average congestion reporting for non-GBR flows.

[0833] 3) Packet delay variation (i.e. jitter).

[0834] -Request to perform packet delay variation monitoring together with packet delay monitoring. NG-RAN and UPF provide packet delay measurements.

[0835] -PCF triggers the QoS monitoring process and obtains the UL, DL or RT QoS monitoring results from the SMF. PCF derives the 5GS packet delay variation based on the QoS monitoring results and then reports the packet delay measurement and packet delay variation to the AF / NEF.

[0836] -Reporting period, periodicity, and event-triggered reporting frequencies are suitable for monitoring packet delay variations.

[0837] - For event-triggered reporting, the RAN reports the measurement result when the measurement result matches a threshold (e.g., up to an upper threshold for packet delay variation, or down to a lower threshold for packet delay variation).

[0838] - For event-triggered reporting, minimum and maximum packet delay variation reports may also be reported to the PCF if received within the minimum latency.

[0839] - This reporting can be indicated from the SMF or UPF local configuration. The reporting indication can be indicated from the AF subscription, or from the PCC rules from the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, it should be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0840] The RAN and / or UPF performs network status monitoring, measurement, and reporting. Network status measurement results are reported via:

[0841] Reported to the PCF (via SMF) for PCF PCC decision-making (updating or generating PCC rules). PDV is calculated and generated by the PCF, for example, based on multiple received packet delay reports.

[0842] Or, it is sent to AF (directly or via NEF) for AF to update QoS requirements or decide AF session request.

[0843] Step 6111: For the modification requested by SMF, SMF calls Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer (which may include; [N2SM information] (PDU session ID, QFI, QoS profile), N1SM container).

[0844] Step 6112: AMF may send an N2 message to (R)AN (which may include: [SM information received by N2 from SMF], NAS message (PDU session ID, N1SM container (PDU session modification command)).

[0845] Step 6113: RAN performs UE resource configuration.

[0846] Step 6114: The (R)AN may confirm the N2PDU session request by sending an N2PDU session confirm message to the AMF.

[0847] Step 6115: AMF forwards the N2SM information received from AN to SMF through the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext request service operation.

[0848] Step 6116: SMF responds with a Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext response.

[0849] Steps 6117-6118, SMF can update the N4 session of the UPF involved in the PDU session modification by sending an N4 session modification request message to the UPF.

[0850] UPF performs QoS monitoring of network status.

[0851] The UPF reports the network status to the PCF through the SMT, and / or the UPF reports the network status to the local NEF or AF.

[0852] Example 3: QoS processing based on PDU sets, as shown in Figure 6b, includes the following steps:

[0853] Step 6201a: Execute the PDU session establishment process.

[0854] Step 6201b: The AF may send information (QoS parameters for each PDU set within the QoS flow and parameters related to frame identification) to the PCF via the Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request. The AF may also provide this information to the 5GS before the PDU session is established.

[0855] QoS monitoring of network status (network status includes at least one of the following: congestion information; data rate; packet delay variation) is applied based on AF request and / or PCF policy control.

[0856] The AF may provide QoS monitoring of the network status to the NEF / PCF during the AF QoS request / update procedure.

[0857] The request includes a protocol description and auxiliary information related to the PDU set. The auxiliary information related to the PDU set may include the QoS parameters of each PDU set in the QoS flow:

[0858] -PDU set processing indication (indicates whether PDU set-based processing should be activated for the data flow). This indication can be implicitly indicated via other PDU set related information provided by the AF.

[0859] - Whether the application layer needs all PDUs when using the PDU set;

[0860] -PDU set delay budget;

[0861] -PDU set error rate.

[0862] Step 6202: The PCF generates appropriate PCC rules, which may include QoS parameters related to the PDU set (as described below). The PCF sends the PCC rules to the SMF.

[0863] The PCF generates an authorized QoS monitoring policy for the service data flow based on the QoS monitoring request received from the AF and / or PCF policy control to monitor the network status.

[0864] The PCF includes the authorized QoS monitoring policy in the PCC rules to monitor the network status and provides the QoS monitoring policy to the SMF.

[0865] Among them, PDU set related QoS parameters are new QoS parameters for PDU set-based QoS processing in 5GS, and may also include:

[0866] -PDU Set Delay Budget (PSDB);

[0867] -PDU Set Error Rate (PSER);

[0868] - Whether the application layer needs all PDUs when using the PDU set;

[0869] - Whether to discard PDU sets when PSDB is exceeded.

[0870] Step 6202 can be completed during the PDU session establishment process or during the PDU session modification process.

[0871] Optionally, the PCF considers information provided by the AF to generate PCC rules.

[0872] Step 6203: The SMF generates a QoS profile and N4 rules based on the PCC rules from the PCF. The SMF sends the N4 rules to the UPF and sends the QoS profile to the RAN node through the AMF.

[0873] After receiving the PCC rules, the SMF determines the QoS rules and QoS Set parameters to configure / activate the rules to the UPF (e.g., through the N4 session).

[0874] Upon receiving the PCC rules, the SMF determines the QoS rules and QoS set parameters to configure / activate the rules to the UPF (e.g., via the N4 session), and the QoS monitoring policy takes into account the QoS monitoring information of the network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0875] When the SMF receives an authorized QoS monitoring policy for (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation), the SMF configures the UPF to perform (network status (such as congestion information, data rate / packet delay variation) measurement.

[0876] The SMF configures the UPF to report the QoS monitoring results (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) of the QoS flow, where the SMF determines the parameters based on the authorized QoS monitoring policy received from the PCF and / or local configuration.

[0877] The SMF configures the UPF to perform QoS monitoring (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) on QoS flows and report the monitoring results:

[0878] - QoS parameters to be measured indicate items to be monitored by QoS (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation);

[0879] - reporting period, indicating the time interval in which new measurement results and potential reports must be available;

[0880] -Report frequency indicates the report type as "periodic" or "event triggered";

[0881] - (Optional) Report reporting target and indicate direct event notification, indicating that the UPF should send the report to a NF different from the SMF (i.e., to the local NEF or AF).

[0882] After receiving the report from UPF, SMF forwards the (network status, such as congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation) report to PCF to determine PCC rules and exposure to AF if AF subscribes.

[0883] The protocol description and auxiliary information related to the PDU set are sent to the SMF as part of the PCC rules. The SMF sends them to the NG-RAN via the AMF as part of the QoS profile.

[0884] Step 6203 can be completed during the PDU session establishment process or the PDU session modification process.

[0885] Step 6204: Execute the remaining steps of the PDU session establishment or modification process.

[0886] Step 6205: Based on the received N4 rules or local configuration on the UPF, the UPF identifies relevant information (as follows) and performs QoS processing based on the PDU set according to the N4 rule instructions.

[0887] The RAN / UPF is required to provide QoS monitoring results on the network status (e.g., congestion information / data rate / packet delay variation).

[0888] 1) For data rates (GBR and non-GBR QoS data flows).

[0889] - For event-triggered reporting, if the averaging window is shorter than the minimum waiting time, the UPF reports the minimum monitored data rate and / or the maximum monitored data rate, and / or the average monitored data rate, based on indications from the SMF or UPF local configuration.

[0890] - The reporting indication may be indicated from the AF's subscription, or from the PCC rules of the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, this indication shall be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0891] -NG-RAN and / or UPF provide data rate measurements. The UPF reports the data rate to the AF via the NEF (measured by the UPF or RAN, or calculated by the UPF and RAN), or reports the data rate to the PCF via the SMF.

[0892] 2) Congestion information (percentage of congestion, congestion level, or percentage of congestion level).

[0893] -NG-RAN provides congestion measurements.

[0894] -Reporting period, periodicity and event-triggered reporting frequency are applicable to the monitoring and exposure of congestion information.

[0895] - For event-triggered reporting, the RAN reports the measurement result when the measurement result matches a threshold (eg, up to an upper threshold for congestion information, or down to a lower threshold for congestion information).

[0896] - For event-triggered reporting, minimum and maximum congestion reports can also be reported if received within the minimum wait time.

[0897] - This reporting can be indicated from the SMF or UPF local configuration. The reporting indication can be indicated from the AF subscription, or from the PCC rules from the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, it should be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0898] - Reporting indications may be determined taking into account GBR or non-GBR QoS requirements, such as minimum and maximum congestion reporting for GBR flows, and average congestion reporting for non-GBR flows.

[0899] 3) Packet delay variation (i.e. jitter).

[0900] -Request to perform packet delay variation monitoring together with packet delay monitoring. NG-RAN and UPF provide packet delay measurements.

[0901] -PCF triggers the QoS monitoring process and obtains the UL, DL or RT QoS monitoring results from the SMF. PCF derives the 5GS packet delay variation based on the QoS monitoring results and then reports the packet delay measurement and packet delay variation to the AF / NEF.

[0902] -Reporting period, periodicity, and event-triggered reporting frequencies are suitable for monitoring packet delay variations.

[0903] - For event-triggered reporting, the RAN reports the measurement result when the measurement result matches a threshold (e.g., up to an upper threshold for packet delay variation, or down to a lower threshold for packet delay variation).

[0904] - For event-triggered reporting, minimum and maximum packet delay variation reports may also be reported to the PCF if received within the minimum latency.

[0905] - This reporting can be indicated from the SMF or UPF local configuration. The reporting indication can be indicated from the AF subscription, or from the PCC rules from the PCF, or from the configuration of the SMF. If a reporting indication is received, it should be used instead of the pre-configured value in the UPF.

[0906] The RAN and / or UPF performs network status monitoring, measurement, and reporting. Network status measurement results are reported via:

[0907] Reported to the PCF (via SMF) for PCF PCC decision-making (updating or generating PCC rules). PDV is calculated and generated by the PCF, for example, based on multiple received packet delay reports.

[0908] Or, it is sent to AF (directly or via NEF) for AF to update QoS requirements or decide AF session request.

[0909] The UPF identifies a PDU as belonging to a PDU set and identifies the following information for each PDU set:

[0910] The parameters of the PDU set include:

[0911] -PDU set sequence number (SN) (a QoS flow is identified by a QoS flow ID, and each PDU set in a QoS flow is identified by a PDU set SN. Each QoS flow can be used to deliver one or more PDU sets.);

[0912] - Start / end PDU of a PDU set;

[0913] -PDU SN in the PDU set;

[0914] -The number of PDUs in the PDU set;

[0915] -PDU set importance;

[0916] -PDU set size;

[0917] -End of data burst.

[0918] The UPF identifies relevant information through the following methods / mechanisms:

[0919] Option 1: By matching the RTP / STP header and payload;

[0920] Option 2: New RTP extension header;

[0921] Option 3: Information provided by the AS in the N6 encapsulation header, such as GTP-U;

[0922] Option 4: Through detection based on traffic characteristics;

[0923] Option 5: Perform UPF via a non-standardized mechanism.

[0924] Step 6206: The UPF sends PDU Set information to the RAN. The UPF provides the RAN with the above PDU set related information (listed in the related information in step 6205). The UPF adds the PDU set related information in step 6205 to the GTP-U header.

[0925] Step 6207: Based on the PDU set related information received in step 6206, the RAN performs QoS processing based on the PDU set.

[0926] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a terminal in any of the above methods. For another example, another apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network function node, a core network function node, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0927] It should be understood that the division of the various units or modules in the above device is merely a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or they may be physically separated. In addition, the units or modules in the device may be implemented in the form of a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and the memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or implement the functions of the various units or modules of the above device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units or modules can be realized by designing the hardware circuits. The above-mentioned hardware circuits can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which realizes the functions of some or all of the above units or modules by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit; for example, in another implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit can be realized by a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by configuring the configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above devices can be realized in the form of software called by the processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by the form of software called by the processor, and the rest by hardware circuits.

[0928] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capability. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capability, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP); in another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of the hardware circuit, and the logical relationship of the above hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable, such as a hardware circuit implemented by a processor as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and implementing the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0929] Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a measurement network element proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7a, the measurement network element 7100 may include at least one of a transceiver module 7101 and a processing module 7102. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7101 is configured to receive first information, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine the network status. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to execute at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the measurement network element 101 in any of the above methods (for example, step S2101, step 2102, step 2103, step 2104, step 2105, step 2106, and step 2108, but not limited thereto), which are not described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 7102 is used to execute at least one of the other steps (for example, step 2107, but not limited thereto) performed by the measurement network element 101 in any of the above methods, which are not described in detail here.

[0930] Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PCF proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7b, the PCF 7200 may include: at least one of a transceiver module 7201, a processing module 7202, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7101 is configured to send first information to the measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine the network status. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the PCF 1021 in any of the above methods (for example, step S2101, step 2102, step 2104, step 2105, step 2106, step 2108, step 2110, but not limited thereto), which are not described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 7202 is used to perform at least one of the other steps (for example, step 2109, but not limited thereto) performed by the PCF 1021 in any of the above methods, which are not described in detail here.

[0931] Figure 7c is a schematic diagram of the structure of the SMF proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7c, SMF 7300 may include: a transceiver module 7301. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7301 is configured to send first information to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine the network status. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by SMF 1022 in any of the above methods (for example, step 2102, step 2103, step 2105, step 2106, step 2108, but not limited thereto), which will not be repeated here.

[0932] Figure 7d is a schematic diagram of the structure of the AF proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7d, the AF 7400 may include: a transceiver module 7401. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7401 is configured to send first information to the measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine the network status. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the SMF 1022 in any of the above methods (for example, step 2101, step 2104, step 2108, step 21010 but not limited thereto), which will not be repeated here.

[0933] Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 8100 proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Communication device 8100 can be a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network function node, etc.), a terminal (e.g., a user equipment, etc.), a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports a network device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports a terminal to implement any of the above methods. Communication device 8100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiments.

[0934] As shown in Figure 8a, the communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101. The processor 8101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 8100 is used to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 8101 are used to call instructions to enable the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods.

[0935] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8102. When the communication device 8100 includes one or more transceivers 8102, the transceiver 8102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2101, 2102, 2103, 2104, 2105, 2106, 2108, and 2110, but not limited thereto), and the processor 8101 performs at least one of the other steps. In an optional embodiment, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, and the receiver and transmitter may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, and interface may be used interchangeably, the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, and transmitting circuit may be used interchangeably, and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, and receiving circuit may be used interchangeably.

[0936] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8103 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of the memories 8103 may be located outside the communication device 8100. In alternative embodiments, the communication device 8100 may include one or more interface circuits 8104. Optionally, the interface circuits 8104 are connected to the memories 8103 and may be configured to receive data from the memories 8103 or other devices, or to send data to the memories 8103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 8104 may read data stored in the memories 8103 and send the data to the processor 8101.

[0937] The communication device 8100 described in the above embodiment may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may not be limited by FIG. 8a. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: 1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include a storage component for storing data or programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, a terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, an in-vehicle device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0938] FIG8b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip 8200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. If the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, reference can be made to the schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 8200 shown in FIG8b, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0939] The chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201. The chip 8200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0940] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202. Terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pins may be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of memory 8203 may be located external to chip 8200. Optionally, interface circuit 8202 is connected to memory 8203 and may be used to receive data from memory 8203 or other devices, or may be used to send data to memory 8203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 8202 may read data stored in memory 8203 and send the data to processor 8201.

[0941] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 8202 performs at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101, 2102, 2103, 2104, 2105, 2106, 2108, and 2110) in the above method. The interface circuit 8202 performing the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101, 2102, 2103, 2104, 2105, 2106, 2108, and 2110) in the above method, for example, means that the interface circuit 8202 performs data exchange between the processor 8201, chip 8200, memory 8203, or a transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 8201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0942] The present disclosure also proposes a storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on the communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0943] The present disclosure also provides a program product, which, when executed by the communication device 8100, enables the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0944] The present disclosure also proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any one of the above methods.

Claims

1. An information transmission method, performed by a measurement network element, wherein: The method comprises: First information is received, wherein the first information is used to instruct a measurement network element to determine a network state.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The network status includes at least one of the following: Data rate; Congestion parameters; Packet delay parameters; The first data packet delay changes.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The data rate includes at least one of the following: The maximum data rate determined by a plurality of measurement averaging windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting; A minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time; The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The congestion parameter includes at least one of the following: Congestion percentage; Congestion level; The proportion of different congestion levels.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following: Variation of uplink packet delay; Downlink packet delay variation; Variation in packet delay around the link.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The method further comprises: According to the second information, third information indicating the network status is sent.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The sending, according to the second information, third information indicating the network state includes at least one of the following: Sending the third information based on the triggering of the triggering event indicated by the second information; The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on the triggering of the triggering event.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The network status meets the preset conditions: including at least one of the following: The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold; The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is greater than a third threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is less than a fourth threshold.

11. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein: The method further comprises one of the following: receiving the second information sent by the application function AF; Receiving the second information sent by the session management function SMF; The second information is sent by the receiving policy control function PCF through the SMF.

12. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein: The sending of the third information indicating the network status includes at least one of the following: Sending the third information to the policy control function PCF through the session management function SMF; The third information is sent to the application function AF.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information is used by the PCF to determine the delay change of the second data packet.

14. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 13, wherein: The measuring network element is an access network device, and the sending of the third information indicating the network state includes: The access network device sends the third information to the user plane function UPF.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The receiving of the first information includes at least one of the following: Receiving the first information sent by the PCF through the SMF; Receive the first information sent by the AF.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein: The measurement network element includes at least one of the following: Access network equipment User plane function UPF.

17. A method for information transmission, executed by a session management function (SMF) element, wherein: The method comprises: Sending first information to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network state.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The network status includes at least one of the following: Data rate; Congestion parameters; Packet delay parameters; The first data packet delay changes.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein: The data rate includes at least one of the following: The maximum data rate determined by a plurality of measurement averaging windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting; A minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time; The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein: The congestion parameter includes at least one of the following: Congestion percentage; Congestion level; The proportion of different congestion levels.

21. The method according to claim 18, wherein: The first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following: Variation of uplink packet delay; Downlink packet delay variation; Variation in packet delay around the link.

22. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein: The method further comprises: receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network state.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein: The third information is sent based on the triggering of the triggering event indicated by the second information; The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein: The second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on the triggering of the triggering event.

25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, wherein: The triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein: The network status meets the preset conditions: including at least one of the following: The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold; The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is greater than a third threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is less than a fourth threshold.

27. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein: The method further comprises one of the following: receiving the second information sent by the PCF; The second information is sent to the measurement network element.

28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 27, wherein: The method further comprises: The third information is sent to the PCF.

29. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 28, wherein: The method further comprises: Receive the first information sent by the PCF.

30. An information transmission method, performed by a policy control function PCF, wherein: The method comprises: Sending first information to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network state.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein: The network status includes at least one of the following: Data rate; Congestion parameters; Packet delay parameters; The first data packet delay changes.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein: The data rate includes at least one of the following: The maximum data rate determined by a plurality of measurement averaging windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting; A minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time; The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

33. The method according to claim 31, wherein: The congestion parameter includes at least one of the following: Congestion percentage; Congestion level; The proportion of different congestion levels.

34. The method of claim 31, wherein: The first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following: Variation of uplink packet delay; Downlink packet delay variation; Variation in packet delay around the link.

35. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 34, wherein: The method further comprises: receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network state.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein: The third information is sent based on the triggering of the triggering event indicated by the second information; The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein: The second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on the triggering of the triggering event.

38. The method according to claim 36 or 37, wherein: The triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein: The network status meets the preset conditions: including at least one of the following: The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold; The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is greater than a third threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is less than a fourth threshold.

40. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 39, wherein: The method further comprises one of the following: receiving the second information sent by the application function AF; The second information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF.

41. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 40, wherein: The receiving the third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information includes: receiving the third information sent by the measurement network element through SMF.

42. The method according to claim 41, wherein: The data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information is used by the PCF to determine the delay change of the second data packet.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein: The method further comprises: Send fourth information indicating a delay change of the second data packet to the AF.

44. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 43, wherein: The sending the first information to the measurement network element includes: The first information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein: The method further includes: receiving the first information sent by AF.

46. ​​An information transmission method, performed by an application function AF, wherein: The method comprises: First information is sent to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network state.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein: The network status includes at least one of the following: Data rate; Congestion parameters; Packet delay parameters; The first data packet delay changes.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein: The data rate includes at least one of the following: The maximum data rate determined by a plurality of measurement averaging windows within the minimum waiting time for measurement reporting; A minimum data rate determined by the plurality of measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time; The average data rate determined by the multiple measurement averaging windows within the measurement reporting minimum waiting time.

49. The method of claim 47, wherein: The congestion parameter includes at least one of the following: Congestion percentage; Congestion level; The proportion of different congestion levels.

50. The method of claim 47, wherein: The first data packet delay variation includes at least one of the following: Variation of uplink packet delay; Downlink packet delay variation; Variation in packet delay around the link.

51. The method according to any one of claims 46 to 50, wherein: The method further comprises: receiving third information sent by the measurement network element according to the second information, wherein the third information is used to indicate the network state.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein: The third information is sent based on the triggering of the triggering event indicated by the second information; The third information is sent based on a period indicated by the second information.

53. The method of claim 52, wherein: The second information is further used to indicate: a frequency of sending the third information based on the triggering of the triggering event.

54. The method of claim 52 or 53, wherein: The triggering event includes: the network status meets a preset condition.

55. The method of claim 54, wherein: The network status meets the preset conditions: including at least one of the following: The determined congestion parameter is greater than a first threshold; The determined congestion parameter is less than a second threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is greater than a third threshold; The determined first data packet delay variation is less than a fourth threshold.

56. A method according to any one of claims 51 to 55, wherein: The method further comprises one of the following: The second information is sent to the measurement network element.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein: The sending the second information to the measurement network element includes at least one of the following: The second information is sent to the measurement network element through the SMF and the PCF.

58. A method according to any one of claims 51 to 57, wherein: The method further comprises: Receive fourth information sent by the PCF indicating a delay change of a second data packet, wherein the delay change of the second data packet is determined by the PCF based on a data packet delay parameter indicated by the third information.

59. An information transmission method, performed by a communication system, wherein: The method comprises: The measurement network element receives first information, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network state.

60. A measurement network element, wherein: include: The transceiver module is configured to receive first information, wherein the first information is used to instruct a measurement network element to determine a network state.

61. A SMF, wherein: include: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network state.

62. A PCF, wherein: include: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine a network state.

63. An application function network element AF, wherein: include: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the measurement network element, wherein the first information is used to instruct the measurement network element to determine the network status.

64. A communication system, wherein: The communication system comprises: a measurement network element, an SMF, a PCF and an AF; wherein, The measurement network element is configured to implement the information transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 16; The SMF is configured to implement the information transmission method according to any one of claims 17 to 29; The PCF is configured to implement the information transmission method according to any one of claims 30 to 45; The AF is configured to implement the information transmission method described in any one of claims 46 to 58.

65. A communication device, wherein: The communication device comprises: one or more processors; The processor is used to call instructions so that the communication device executes the information transmission method described in any one of claims 1 to 16, claims 17 to 29, claims 30 to 45, and claims 46 to 58.

66. A storage medium, wherein: The storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device executes the information transmission method described in any one of claims 1 to 16, claims 17 to 29, claims 30 to 45, and claims 46 to 58.

Images