Method and apparatus for managing beam for feedback-based device-to-device transmission

Abstract

Proposed is an operational method of a first device (100) in a wireless communication system. The method may comprise the steps of: performing first inter-device transmission on the basis of at least one beam; monitoring information related to a first beam included in the at least one beam in response to the first inter-device transmission; and determining whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission after the first inter-device transmission on the basis of a result of monitoring the information related to the first beam.

Description

Beam management method and device for feedback-based terminal-to-terminal transmission

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Peak data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Max spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully Autonomous vehicles Fully XR Fully Haptic communications Fully

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a first device may be provided. For example, the method may include: performing a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; monitoring, in response to the first inter-device transmission, information related to a first beam included in the at least one beam; and determining, based on a result of the monitoring of the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission subsequent to the first inter-device transmission.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; monitor, in response to the first inter-device transmission, information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and determine, based on a result of the monitoring of the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission subsequent to the first inter-device transmission.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; monitor, in response to the first inter-device transmission, information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and determine, based on a result of the monitoring of the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission subsequent to the first inter-device transmission.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to: perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; monitor, in response to the first inter-device transmission, information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and determine, based on a result of the monitoring of the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission subsequent to the first inter-device transmission.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a second device can be provided. For example, the method includes: receiving, from a first device, a first inter-device transmission performed based on a first beam; receiving, from the first device, a second inter-device transmission performed based on a second beam; and, in response to receiving the first inter-device transmission and the second inter-device transmission, transmitting beam-related information to the first device, wherein the first inter-device transmission and the second inter-device transmission are transmissions for the same data, and based on the beam-related information, it can be determined whether the first beam or the second beam is to be used for a third inter-device transmission.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: receive, from a first device, a first inter-device transmission performed based on a first beam; receive, from the first device, a second inter-device transmission performed based on a second beam; And in response to receiving the first device-to-device transmission and receiving the second device-to-device transmission, transmit information related to a beam to the first device, wherein the first device-to-device transmission and the second device-to-device transmission are transmissions of the same data, and based on the information related to the beam, it can be determined whether the first beam or the second beam is to be used for the third device-to-device transmission.

[0011] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 2 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 9 illustrates an operation of a device transmitting a physical channel transmission bundle receiving beam-related feedback according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 10 illustrates a form in which a physical channel transmission bundle is performed according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure of an operation that can be performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure of an operation that can be performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 13 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 14 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 15 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 17 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 18 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0030] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0031] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted identically to "at least one of A and B".

[0032] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0033] Additionally, parentheses used herein may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0034] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0035] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0036] In this specification, higher layer parameters may be parameters that are set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0037] In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being preset to a device.

[0038] The technology proposed in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0039] The technology proposed in this specification can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0040] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] New network characteristics in 6G may include:

[0042] - Satellite integrated network

[0043] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is revolutionary, upgrading the wireless evolution from "connected objects" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every stage of the communication process (or at every signal processing step, as described below).

[0044] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer

[0045] - Ubiquitous super 3D connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions of drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will create super 3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0046] Some general requirements for the new network characteristics of 6G, such as the above, may be as follows:

[0047] - small cell networks

[0048] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous network

[0049] - High-capacity backhaul

[0050] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communications is a key feature of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0051] - Softwarization and virtualization

[0052] Below, the core implementation technologies of the 6G system are described.

[0053] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. This means AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a key role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0054] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communication with a wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (Sub-THz band) is considered a major portion of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Figure 2 illustrates the electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0055] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0056] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0057] - Optical wireless technology

[0058] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0059] - Quantum communication

[0060] - Cell-free communication

[0061] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0062] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0063] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0064] - Big data analysis

[0065] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0066] - metaverse

[0067] - Blockchain

[0068] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will be a key element in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connectivity can be provided using UAV technology. Base stations (BSs) can be installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs may offer specific capabilities not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and controlled mobility. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial communications infrastructure is not economically feasible and sometimes cannot provide services in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle these situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates three fundamental requirements for wireless networks: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support various purposes, such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0069] - Advanced air mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher concept than urban air mobility (UAM), which is an air transportation method available in urban areas, and can refer to a means of transportation that includes movement between regional hubs as well as urban areas.

[0070] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication. Fast transmission speeds and low-latency technologies are essential to maximize autonomous driving performance and ensure high safety. Furthermore, in the future, autonomous driving will go beyond simply providing warnings or guidance messages to drivers and may require active intervention in vehicle operation and direct control of the vehicle in dangerous situations. To this end, the amount of information that needs to be transmitted and received may become enormous, so 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0071] - Non-terrestrial networks (NTN): NTN may refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerative payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, a satellite (or UAS platform) may create a service link with a UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) may be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite may be connected to a data network via the gateway. A beam footprint may refer to an area where a signal transmitted by a satellite can be received. Referring to Figure 4, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a UE can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on the playback payload, a satellite can be connected to a data network through another satellite and the gateway. If an ISL does not exist between a satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figures 3 and 4 are merely examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios.For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may implement a transparent or regenerative (with onboard processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams over a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered. For example, a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to equipping the satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0072] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, i.e., a sensing operation, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 5 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 5 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0073] The layers of the radio interface protocol between the terminal and the network can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), and L3 (layer 3) based on the three lower layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard model, which is widely known in communication systems. Among these, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 provides an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer located in layer 3 controls radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0074] The physical layer provides information transmission services to higher layers using physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the upper layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, via a transport channel. Data travels between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transport channels are classified based on how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface.

[0075] Data travels between different physical layers, i.e., between the physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver, via a physical channel. This physical channel can be modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.

[0076] The MAC layer provides services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. The MAC layer provides mapping from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. Furthermore, the MAC layer provides logical channel multiplexing, which maps multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC sublayer provides data transmission services on logical channels.

[0077] The RLC layer performs the concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). To guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0078] The RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels, related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. RB refers to a logical path provided by Layer 1 (physical layer or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.

[0079] The functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane include the transmission of user data, header compression, and ciphering. The functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane include the transmission of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0080] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. It performs mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers, marking QoS flow identifiers (IDs) within downlink and uplink packets, and more.

[0081] Establishing a Radio Bearer (RB) refers to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. RBs can be further divided into two types: the Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB) and the Data Radio Bearer (DRB). The SRB is used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while the DRB is used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0082] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in the RRC_CONNECTED state. Otherwise, it is in the RRC_IDLE state. For NR, the RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain a connection with the core network while releasing the connection with the base station.

[0083] Downlink transmission channels that transmit data from the network to the terminal include the Broadcast Channel (BCH), which transmits system information, and the downlink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services may be transmitted through the downlink SCH or a separate downlink Multicast Channel (MCH). Meanwhile, uplink transmission channels that transmit data from the terminal to the network include the Random Access Channel (RACH), which transmits initial control messages, and the uplink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages.

[0084] Logical channels that are located above the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH).

[0085] Radio frames can be used for uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame can contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe can be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot can contain 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0086] When normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. When extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0087] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is an example.

[0088] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0089] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 6, a slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain.

[0091] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) can be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) can be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((Physical) Resource Blocks) in the frequency domain, and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through activated BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

[0092] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) can be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for a given numerology. A PRB can be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0093] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0094] Referring to Figure 7, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other. Furthermore, a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0095] BWP is point A, offset from point A (N startBWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0096] SLSS (Sidelink Synchronization Signal) is a SL (sidelink) specific sequence and may include PSSS (Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal) and SSSS (Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal). The PSSS may be referred to as S-PSS (Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal) and the SSSS may be referred to as S-SSS (Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal). For example, length-127 M-sequences may be used for S-PSS and length-127 Gold sequences may be used for S-SSS. For example, a terminal may detect an initial signal (signal detection) and obtain synchronization using S-PSS. For example, the terminal can obtain detailed synchronization using S-PSS and S-SSS and detect a synchronization signal ID.

[0097] PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel) may be a (broadcast) channel that transmits basic (system) information that a terminal must know first before transmitting or receiving an SL signal. For example, the basic information may be information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), TDD UL / DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink / Downlink) configuration, resource pool-related information, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, in order to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the payload size of PSBCH may be 56 bits, including a 24-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).

[0098] S-PSS, S-SSS and PSBCH may be included in a block format supporting periodic transmission (e.g., SL SS (Synchronization Signal) / PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)). The S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) / PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth may be within a (pre-)configured SL BWP (Sidelink BWP). For example, the bandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 RBs (Resource Blocks). For example, the PSBCH may span 11 RBs. And, the frequency location of the S-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection in the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0099] In this specification, PSCCH may be replaced by a control channel, a physical control channel, a sidelink-related control channel, a sidelink-related physical control channel, etc. In this specification, PSSCH may be replaced by a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a sidelink-related shared channel, a sidelink-related physical shared channel, etc.

[0100] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0101] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 1, the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first terminal. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0102] For example, a first terminal may receive information related to a dynamic grant (DG) resource and / or information related to a configured grant (CG) resource from a base station. For example, a CG resource may include a CG type 1 resource or a CG type 2 resource. In this specification, a DG resource may be a resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via downlink control information (DCI). In this specification, a CG resource may be a (periodic) resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via DCI and / or an RRC message. For example, in the case of a CG type 1 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal. For example, in the case of a CG type 2 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal, and the base station may transmit a DCI related to activation or release of the CG resource to the first terminal.

[0103] In step S810, the first terminal may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to the second terminal based on the resource scheduling. In step S820, the first terminal may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) may be received from the second terminal via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first terminal may transmit / report HARQ feedback information to the base station via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a rule set in advance. For example, the DCI may be DCI for scheduling SL.

[0104] Referring to (b) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 2, the terminal can determine SL transmission resources within SL resources set by the base station / network or preset SL resources. For example, the set SL resources or preset SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the terminal can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the terminal can perform SL communication by selecting resources by itself within the set resource pool. For example, the terminal can select resources by itself within a selection window by performing sensing and resource (re)selection procedures. For example, the sensing can be performed on a subchannel basis. For example, in step S810, the first terminal that has selected resources by itself within the resource pool transmits PSCCH (e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1) using the resources. st -stage SCI) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S820, the first terminal transmits the PSSCH (e.g., 2) related to the PSCCH. nd -stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal.

[0105] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, for example, a first terminal may transmit an SCI to a second terminal on a PSCCH. Or, for example, the first terminal may transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to the second terminal on the PSCCH and / or the PSSCH. In this case, the second terminal may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first terminal. In the present specification, an SCI transmitted on a PSCCH is 1 st SCI, 1st SCI, 1st -stage SCI or 1 st -stage SCI format, and the SCI transmitted on the PSSCH is 2 nd SCI, 2nd SCI, 2 nd -stage SCI or 2 nd -It can be called a stage SCI format.

[0106] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, in step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH. For example, the first terminal and the second terminal may determine PSFCH resources, and the second terminal may use the PSFCH resources to transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal.

[0107] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in step S840, the first terminal may transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0108] Meanwhile, in terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication), the terminal may perform transmission and / or reception based on multiple panels and / or beam directions, and in this case, a method for managing spatial settings (e.g., spatial settings) such as beam-related information or spatial domain transmission / reception filters may need to be defined.

[0109] Meanwhile, at least in the case of terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) in the form of broadcast or groupcast, there may be no or limited channel state information (e.g., CSI; channel state information) feedback, and even in the above situation, it may be necessary to efficiently configure a method for setting / managing terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission and / or reception beams.

[0110] In addition, in the case of broadcast and groupcast methods of terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication), there may be multiple receiving terminals, and the appropriate transmission beam may be different for each pair between the receiving terminal and the transmitting terminal.

[0111] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a basic transmission scheme of groupcast and / or broadcast terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) may transmit the same transport block (e.g., TB; transport block), information, or traffic using different or the same transmission beams in different time intervals (e.g., different slot or symbol intervals). For example, transmissions that convey the same transport block (e.g., TB) and are transmitted in different time intervals may be referred to as a transmission bundle hereinafter.

[0112] And / or, for example, the number of slots or the length of the (total) time interval may vary depending on the service type, priority, packet delay budget (e.g., PDB), congestion level, beam management status, and / or the (geographic or radio) distance range of the target receiving terminal from the transmitting terminal.

[0113] And / or, for example, the number of slots or the length of the (total) time interval may be (pre-)set in the unit or may be indicated from a higher layer. For example, the transport block (e.g., TB) may be interchangeable / substituted with a MAC PDU (medium access control protocol data unit).

[0114] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, for a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) for the same transport block (e.g., TB) or data (for broadcast and / or groupcast), (beam-related) feedback resources for each terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH) constituting the bundle may be distinguished in the time domain, the frequency domain, and / or the code domain (e.g., a cyclic shift (pair), an orthogonal cover code (e.g., OCC; orthogonal cover code), or a sequence), or may be different in the time domain, the frequency domain, and / or the code domain (e.g., a cyclic shift (pair), an orthogonal cover code (e.g., OCC; orthogonal cover code), or a sequence).

[0115] For example, for the same transport block (e.g., TB) or terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) for data, (beam-related) feedback resources may be distinguished in the time domain, frequency domain, and / or code domain (e.g., cyclic shift (pair) or orthogonal cover code (e.g., OCC) or sequence) for each transmit beam and / or receive beam, or may be different in the time domain, frequency domain, and / or code domain (e.g., cyclic shift (pair) or orthogonal cover code (e.g., OCC) or sequence).

[0116] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal that has received all or part of a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) for the same transport block (e.g., TB) or data (for broadcast and / or groupcast) may transmit (beam-related) feedback to the terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH) transmitting terminal using a feedback resource corresponding to the case with the best quality (or the best case beam) for the transmission beam, the reception beam and / or the beam pair.

[0117] And / or, for example, a terminal that has received all or part of a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) for the same transport block (e.g., TB) or data (for broadcast and / or groupcast) may transmit (beam-related) feedback to the terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH) transmitting terminal using all or part of the corresponding feedback resources when the quality for the transmission beam, the reception beam, and / or the beam pair is above a certain level (or threshold) ((pre-)configured or PC5-RRC-configured) (or, a beam when the quality is above a certain level (or threshold)).

[0118] And / or, for example, a terminal that has received all or a part of a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) for the same transport block (e.g., TB) or data (for broadcast and / or groupcast) may transmit (beam-related) feedback using different values ​​of cyclic shift values ​​when the quality for the transmission beam, the reception beam, and / or the beam pair is equal to or greater than a certain level (or threshold) ((pre-)configured or PC5-RRC-configured) and when the quality for the transmission beam, the reception beam, and / or the beam pair is equal to or less than a certain level (or threshold) ((pre-)configured or PC5-RRC-configured).

[0119] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a terminal that has transmitted a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) receives (beam-related) feedback from one or more receiving terminals, the terminal may stop using or deprioritize the transmission beam and the beams associated therewith when transmitting a broadcast and / or groupcast (at least for the same destination ID) in the future.

[0120] And / or, for example, if a terminal that has transmitted a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) receives a certain level of feedback that the quality for a specific transmission beam is below or at a certain level, the terminal may stop using the transmission beam and / or beams associated therewith or lower the priority thereof when transmitting a broadcast and / or groupcast (at least for the same destination ID) in the future.

[0121] And / or, for example, a terminal that has transmitted a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) may, when the received power value or correlation for the feedback is above a certain level, stop using the transmission beam and / or the beam associated therewith or lower the priority thereof when transmitting a broadcast and / or groupcast (at least for the same destination ID) in the future.

[0122] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a terminal that has transmitted a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) receives (beam-related) feedback from one or more receiving terminals, the terminal may stop using the transmission beam and / or the beam associated therewith or lower the priority thereof when transmitting a broadcast and / or groupcast (at least for the same destination ID).

[0123] And / or, for example, if a terminal that has transmitted a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) receives feedback that the quality for a specific transmission beam is above or exceeds a certain level and is below a certain level, the terminal may stop using the transmission beam and / or beams associated therewith or lower the priority thereof when transmitting broadcast and / or groupcast (at least for the same destination ID).

[0124] And / or, for example, a terminal that has transmitted a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle) may, when the received power value or correlation for the feedback is below a certain level, stop using the transmission beam and / or the beam associated therewith or lower the priority thereof when transmitting a broadcast and / or groupcast (at least for the same destination ID).

[0125] For example, the case where feedback is received below a certain level as described above may mean that the transmitting terminal has not received any feedback. For example, the case where feedback is received below a certain level as described above may include a case where, for a terminal-to-terminal physical channel transmission (to multiple terminals) transmitted by the transmitting terminal using a certain beam, the number of received feedbacks for the certain beam is below a threshold number.

[0126] FIG. 9 illustrates an operation of a device transmitting a physical channel transmission bundle receiving beam-related feedback according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 9, the first device may be a device that performs terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) in the broadcast or groupcast manner described in the present disclosure, and the second to fourth devices may be devices that receive the terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication).

[0128] For example, the first device may perform a transmission for a physical channel transmission bundle (e.g., a PSCCH / PSSCH transmission bundle), wherein the physical channel transmission bundle may be transmitted based on a plurality of beams including a first beam to a fourth beam. For example, further, the physical channel transmission bundle may be composed of transmissions performed with the same transport block (e.g., TB) or MAC PDU using different transmission beams and time resources.

[0129] For example, the second device may receive a physical channel transmission transmitted based on the first beam and may receive a physical channel transmission transmitted based on the second beam. For example, the second device may not have received a physical channel transmission transmitted based on a beam other than the first beam and the second beam among the plurality of beams. The second device may transmit beam-related feedback related to the first beam and the second beam to the first device.

[0130] For example, the third device may receive a physical channel transmission transmitted based on a first beam, a physical channel transmission transmitted based on a second beam, and a physical channel transmission transmitted based on a third beam. For example, the third device may not have received a physical channel transmission transmitted based on a beam other than the first beam, the second beam, and the third beam among the plurality of beams. The third device may transmit beam-related feedback related to the first beam, the second beam, and the third beam to the first device.

[0131] For example, the fourth device may receive a physical channel transmission transmitted based on the first beam and may receive a physical channel transmission transmitted based on the third beam. For example, the fourth device may not have received a physical channel transmission transmitted based on a beam other than the first beam and the third beam among the plurality of beams. The fourth device may transmit beam-related feedback related to the first beam and the third beam to the first device.

[0132] For example, a physical channel transmission transmitted based on the fourth beam may not have been received by any device. In this case, feedback related to the fourth beam may not be received by the first device.

[0133] For example, the first device, which monitors and receives feedback related to each beam from the second device, the third device, and the fourth device, can perform beam management for each beam based on the feedback.

[0134] For example, assuming that the threshold number is 3, the first device may determine to use the first beam for subsequent physical channel transmissions since it has received 3 pieces of feedback related to the first beam, which is greater than or equal to the threshold number. In addition, for example, the first device may determine not to use the second beam and the third beam (or to lower their associated priorities) since it has received 2 pieces of feedback related to the second beam and 2 pieces of feedback related to the third beam, which are less than the threshold number.

[0135] For example, since there is no beam among the plurality of transmission beams for which feedback related to the first beam is received in a threshold number or more, the first device may decide not to use beams other than the first beam for subsequent physical channel transmission (or to lower the related priority).

[0136] FIG. 10 illustrates a form in which a physical channel transmission bundle is performed according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0137] Referring to Figure 10, terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) performed over time is shown. Here, the terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) may be performed in the form of a physical channel transmission bundle.

[0138] For example, the first terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) may be composed of N transmissions, and the N transmissions may be transmitted at N time points, from the first time point to the Nth time point, respectively. For example, the N transmissions may be performed based on the first transmission beam to the Nth transmission beam, respectively.

[0139] Thereafter, for example, the transmitting terminal that performed the first terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) can monitor feedback related to the first terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission). For example, the feedback monitoring can be performed for N resources each associated with the N transmissions constituting the first terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission). For example, the N resources can be resources each associated with the N transmission beams, and can be different resources in the time, frequency, and / or code domain.

[0140] Thereafter, for example, the transmitting terminal that performed the first terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) may perform beam management for each of the N transmission beams based on the result of the monitoring. For example, if the number of times feedback for the first beam among the N transmission beams is received is less than a threshold number, the transmitting terminal may decide not to use the first beam for a second terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) that is a subsequent transmission of the first terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission). For example, the destination ID of the first terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) and the destination ID of the second terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) may be the same.

[0141] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a beam failure occurs / is determined for a first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR2), the terminal may transmit the beam failure situation to another terminal through the resources of a second terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR1).

[0142] And / or, for example, when a beam failure occurs / is determined for a first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR2), the terminal may transmit a (beam-related) reference signal transmission request on the first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) to another terminal through the resources of a second terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR1).

[0143] And / or, for example, if a beam failure occurs / is determined for a first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR2), the terminal may transmit beam-related measurement information report for the first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) to another terminal through the resources of a second terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR1).

[0144] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal transmitting and / or receiving a transport block (e.g., TB) or a terminal-to-terminal communication grant (e.g., SL grant) through resources within a first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR2) may, in certain circumstances, continue the transmission and / or reception through resources within a second terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR1).

[0145] And / or, for example, when transmitting a terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH), the terminal may indicate information about which carrier the transmission was initiated on through terminal-to-terminal control information (e.g., SCI) and / or L2 signaling.

[0146] And / or, for example, when a terminal receives a terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH), the terminal may recognize information about which carrier the transmission originated from through terminal-to-terminal control information (e.g., SCI) and / or L2 signaling.

[0147] And / or, for example, the terminals may perform mutual feedback combining (e.g., HARQ combining) and / or soft combining when the terminals are recognized as being for the same transport block (e.g., TB) or the same terminal-to-terminal communication grant (e.g., SL grant) for terminal-to-terminal physical channels (e.g., PSCCH and / or PSSCH) received from different terminal-to-terminal carriers (e.g., SL carriers).

[0148] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal may provide information about its own and / or detected terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSCCH / PSSCH) reservation resources within a first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR2) to another terminal through resources within a second terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR1).

[0149] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal can provide information about preferred resources and / or non-preferred resources within a first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR2) to another terminal via resources within a second terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR1).

[0150] For example, in the above description, if information about reserved resources and / or information about preferred or non-preferred resources is transmitted via another terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier), information about the target terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier), ARFCN information, or frequency-related information may be included (or may be transmitted with it included).

[0151] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal may provide information about a transmission beam to be used within a first terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR2) and / or time resource information therefor and / or information about a reception beam and / or time resource information therefor to another terminal through resources within a second terminal-to-terminal carrier (e.g., SL carrier) (e.g., FR1).

[0152] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, spatial setting information for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission may be changed differently or independently by cast type, by unicast session, by receiver for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission, by terminal-to-terminal channel (e.g., SL channel) type, by (transmission and / or reception) resource pool, by terminal mobility (or, mobility) related information, by transmission priority value, by reception priority value, by terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) with terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) enabled / disabled, by terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) option, by quality of service (e.g., QoS) parameter, and / or (remaining) packet delay budget (e.g., PDB), by HARQ process, by beam process, by source ID, by destination ID, and / or by transport block (e.g., TB).

[0153] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, spatial setting information for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission may be managed differently or independently by cast type, by unicast session, by receiver for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission, by terminal-to-terminal channel (e.g., SL channel) type, by (transmission and / or reception) resource pool, by terminal mobility (or, mobility) related information, by transmission priority value, by reception priority value, by terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) with terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) enabled / disabled, by terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) option, by quality of service (e.g., QoS) parameter, and / or (remaining) packet delay budget (e.g., PDB), by HARQ process, by beam process, by source ID, by destination ID, and / or by transport block (e.g., TB).

[0154] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, spatial setting information for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission may be set differently or independently by cast type, by unicast session, by receiver for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission, by terminal-to-terminal channel (e.g., SL channel) type, by (transmission and / or reception) resource pool, by terminal mobility (or, mobility) related information, by transmission priority value, by reception priority value, by terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) with terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) enabled / disabled, by terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) option, by quality of service (e.g., QoS) parameter, and / or (remaining) packet delay budget (e.g., PDB), by HARQ process, by beam process, by source ID, by destination ID, and / or by transport block (e.g., TB).

[0155] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, spatial setting information for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission may be differently or independently indicated by cast type, by unicast session, by receiver for terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission, by terminal-to-terminal channel (e.g., SL channel) type, by (transmission and / or reception) resource pool, by terminal mobility (or, mobility) related information, by transmission priority value, by reception priority value, by terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) with terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) enabled / disabled, by terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) option, by quality of service (e.g., QoS) parameter, and / or (remaining) packet delay budget (e.g., PDB), by HARQ process, by beam process, by source ID, by destination ID, and / or by transport block (e.g., TB).

[0156] For example, the terminal's mobility (or mobility) related information above may include information on speed, velocity, direction, acceleration, location, height, etc.

[0157] The various methods of the present disclosure can be applied differently by unicast session (group), by cast type, by transmission priority value, by reception priority value, by terminal-to-terminal transmission (e.g., SL transmission) with terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) enabled / disabled, by terminal-to-terminal feedback (e.g., SL HARQ-ACK feedback) option, by QoS parameter, by (remaining) PDB, by congestion control level, by (transmission and / or reception) resource pool, by terminal mobility-related information (e.g., speed, velocity, direction, acceleration, position, height, etc.), by terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) transmission or reception, by HARQ process, by Beam process, by source ID, by destination ID and / or by transport block (e.g., TB).

[0158] For example, in embodiments of the present disclosure, units of (pre-)configuration may be configured in the form of the above-described different combinations. For example, in embodiments of the present disclosure, parameter indication and management via terminal-to-terminal physical channels (e.g., PSCCH and / or PSSCH) may be performed in units of the above-described different combinations.

[0159] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, spatial setting and / or transmission configuration indication (e.g., TCI; transmission configuration indication) information and / or QCL information may refer to each other, and / or may be interpreted as being replaced with beam-related information, beam direction, spatial domain transmission or reception filter, etc.

[0160] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, the same spatial configuration information for transmission may mean that the spatial domain TX filter of the terminal is the same for two different transmission signals.

[0161] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, having the same spatial setup information for reception may mean that two different reception signals are in a QCL 'TypeD' relationship and / or use the same spatial reception parameters.

[0162] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, (pre)configuration may mean pre-configuration (signaling-based from a server or at the time of product shipment), configuration from a base station, and / or configuration via PC5-RRC between terminals.

[0163] The various features described in this disclosure may be applied differently to different terminal-to-terminal channels (e.g., SL channels). The various methods of this disclosure may be applied differently depending on the type of information contained in the terminal-to-terminal channel (e.g., SL channel).

[0164] The proposed method can be applied to the device described below. First, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal can set at least one partial bandwidth (e.g., BWP). Then, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal can control the transceiver (206) of the receiving terminal to receive a physical channel related to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) and / or a reference signal related to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) from the transmitting terminal on at least one partial bandwidth (e.g., BWP).

[0165] For example, in FR2, in terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication), the terminal can perform transmission and / or reception operations based on multiple panels and / or beam directions. In terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication), there is a groupcast / broadcast communication mode in which one transmitting terminal transmits to multiple receiving terminals. Here, a beam management method may need to be defined in relation to whether a transmitting terminal performing groupcast / broadcast communication uses a specific beam to communicate with each receiving terminal. For example, in the case of a broadcast / groupcast transmission method, there may be multiple receiving terminals, and in this case, a method may need to be defined for the transmitting terminal to select a beam appropriate for each transmission.

[0166] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a transmitting terminal may perform N transmissions to multiple terminals based on N beams, and may or may not receive feedback on beam quality from each receiving terminal. Based on this feedback information, the transmitting terminal may decide whether to use the relevant beam or deprioritize the relevant beam.

[0167] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when transmissions for the same transmission block (e.g., TB) are transmitted at different times using different transmission beams, feedback (or feedback resources) corresponding to each time can be distinguished from each other.

[0168] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, transmissions for the same transmission block (e.g., TB) can be timed using different transmission beams at different times.

[0169] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, for transmission for the same transmission block (e.g., TB), a receiving terminal may select an appropriate feedback resource based on the quality of a transmission beam, the quality of a reception beam, or the quality of a pair (of beams) related thereto and transmit feedback to the transmitting terminal, and the transmitting terminal may determine a transmission beam to be prioritized or to have its priority lowered based on the quality of the transmission beam.

[0170] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, when a transmitting terminal performs broadcast / groupcast in FR2, a method for determining a transmission beam to be used for transmission operations can be clearly determined. For example, the process of determining a transmission beam and providing feedback thereon in relation to a broadcast / groupcast transmission method can be efficiently performed.

[0171] FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure of an operation that may be performed by a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0172] Referring to FIG. 11, in step S1110, a first device may perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam. In step S1120, in response to the first inter-device transmission, the first device may monitor information related to a first beam included in the at least one beam. In step S1130, the first device may determine, based on a result of monitoring the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission following the first inter-device transmission.

[0173] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by multiple devices.

[0174] For example, additionally, the first device can obtain the number of devices from which information related to the first beam is not received among the plurality of devices based on the results of monitoring for information related to the first beam.

[0175] For example, the first beam may be determined not to be used for the second device-to-device transmission based on a number of devices that have not received information related to the first beam being greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0176] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may include multiple transmissions of the same data, performed based on the at least one beam, using different time resources.

[0177] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by a plurality of devices, and the first beam may be determined not to be used for the second device-to-device transmission based on a threshold number of pieces of information related to the first beam not being received.

[0178] For example, the information associated with the first beam may include no-feedback associated with the first beam.

[0179] For example, the destination ID (identifier) ​​associated with the second device-to-device transmission may be the same as the destination ID associated with the first device-to-device transmission.

[0180] For example, the first resource from which information related to the first beam is received may be different from the second resource from which the first device-to-device transmission is performed.

[0181] For example, additionally, the first device may monitor, in response to the first device-to-device transmission, information associated with a second beam included in the at least one beam. For example, a first resource from which information associated with the first beam is received may be different from a second resource from which information associated with the second beam is received.

[0182] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by the second device, and information associated with the first beam may be transmitted by the second device based on the first resource, based on a beam quality associated with the first beam being higher than a beam quality associated with the second beam.

[0183] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by the second device, and information associated with the first beam may be transmitted by the second device based on a beam quality associated with the first beam being higher than a threshold value.

[0184] The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can monitor information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam in response to the first inter-device transmission. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can determine whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission following the first inter-device transmission based on the result of monitoring the information related to the first beam.

[0185] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; monitor, in response to the first inter-device transmission, information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and determine, based on a result of the monitoring of the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission subsequent to the first inter-device transmission.

[0186] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by multiple devices.

[0187] For example, additionally, the commands may cause the first device to: obtain, based on the results of monitoring for information related to the first beam, the number of devices from which information related to the first beam has not been received among the plurality of devices.

[0188] For example, the first beam may be determined not to be used for the second device-to-device transmission based on a number of devices that have not received information related to the first beam being greater than or equal to a threshold value.

[0189] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may include multiple transmissions of the same data, performed based on the at least one beam, using different time resources.

[0190] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by a plurality of devices, and the first beam may be determined not to be used for the second device-to-device transmission based on a threshold number of pieces of information related to the first beam not being received.

[0191] For example, the information associated with the first beam may include no-feedback associated with the first beam.

[0192] For example, the destination ID (identifier) ​​associated with the second device-to-device transmission may be the same as the destination ID associated with the first device-to-device transmission.

[0193] For example, the first resource from which information related to the first beam is received may be different from the second resource from which the first device-to-device transmission is performed.

[0194] For example, additionally, the commands may cause the first device to: monitor, in response to the first device-to-device transmission, information associated with a second beam included in the at least one beam. For example, a first resource from which information associated with the first beam is received may be different from a second resource from which information associated with the second beam is received.

[0195] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by the second device, and information associated with the first beam may be transmitted by the second device based on the first resource, based on a beam quality associated with the first beam being higher than a beam quality associated with the second beam.

[0196] For example, the first device-to-device transmission may be received by the second device, and information associated with the first beam may be transmitted by the second device based on a beam quality associated with the first beam being higher than a threshold value.

[0197] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; monitor, in response to the first inter-device transmission, information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and determine, based on a result of the monitoring of the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission subsequent to the first inter-device transmission.

[0198] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to: perform a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; monitor, in response to the first inter-device transmission, information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and determine, based on a result of the monitoring of the information related to the first beam, whether to use the first beam for a second inter-device transmission subsequent to the first inter-device transmission.

[0199] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure for an operation that may be performed by a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0200] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, a second device may receive a first inter-device transmission performed based on a first beam from a first device. In step S1220, the second device may receive a second inter-device transmission performed based on a second beam from the first device. In step S1230, in response to receiving the first inter-device transmission and the second inter-device transmission, the second device may transmit beam-related information to the first device. For example, the first inter-device transmission and the second inter-device transmission are transmissions for the same data, and based on the beam-related information, it may be determined whether the first beam or the second beam is to be used for a third inter-device transmission.

[0201] For example, the information related to the beam may be information related to the first beam based on the beam quality related to the first beam being higher than the beam quality related to the second beam.

[0202] The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive a first inter-device transmission performed based on a first beam from the first device (100). Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive a second inter-device transmission performed based on a second beam from the first device (100). Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to transmit beam-related information to the first device (100) in response to receiving the first inter-device transmission and the second inter-device transmission. For example, the first device-to-device transmission and the second device-to-device transmission are transmissions of the same data, and based on information related to the beam, it can be determined whether the first beam or the second beam will be used for the third device-to-device transmission.

[0203] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: receive, from a first device, a first inter-device transmission performed based on a first beam; receive, from the first device, a second inter-device transmission performed based on a second beam; And in response to receiving the first device-to-device transmission and receiving the second device-to-device transmission, transmit information related to a beam to the first device, wherein the first device-to-device transmission and the second device-to-device transmission are transmissions of the same data, and based on the information related to the beam, it can be determined whether the first beam or the second beam is to be used for the third device-to-device transmission.

[0204] For example, the information related to the beam may be information related to the first beam based on the beam quality related to the first beam being higher than the beam quality related to the second beam.

[0205] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0206] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0207] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0208] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0209] FIG. 13 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0210] Referring to FIG. 13, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0211] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0212] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0213] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and base station-to-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0214] FIG. 14 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0215] Referring to FIG. 14, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 13.

[0216] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0217] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0218] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0219] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0220] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0221] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0222] FIG. 15 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0223] Referring to FIG. 15, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 15 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. The hardware elements of FIG. 15 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14.

[0224] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 15. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0225] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0226] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0227] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 15. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 14) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0228] Figure 16 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 13). The embodiment of Figure 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0229] Referring to FIG. 16, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 14 and may be composed of various elements, components, units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and an additional element (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 14. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 14. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0230] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 13, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 13, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 13, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 13, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 13, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 13, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 13, 400), a base station (Fig. 13, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0231] In FIG. 16, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0232] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 16 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0233] FIG. 17 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0234] Referring to FIG. 17, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 16, respectively.

[0235] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0236] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0237] FIG. 18 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned or unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like. The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0238] Referring to FIG. 18, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 16, respectively.

[0239] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.

[0240] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can irregularly / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. In addition, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to the external server. External servers can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or other technologies based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0241] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In the method, A step of performing a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; In response to the first device-to-device transmission, monitoring information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and A method comprising: determining whether to use the first beam for a second device-to-device transmission following the first device-to-device transmission based on the results of monitoring information related to the first beam.

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first device-to-device transmission is received by a plurality of devices.

3. In paragraph 2, A method further comprising the step of obtaining the number of devices from which information related to the first beam is not received among the plurality of devices based on the results of monitoring information related to the first beam.

4. In paragraph 3, A method wherein the first beam is determined not to be used for transmission between the second devices based on a number of devices that have not received information related to the first beam being greater than or equal to a threshold value.

5. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first device-to-device transmission comprises multiple transmissions of the same data, performed based on the at least one beam using different time resources.

6. In paragraph 5, The above first device-to-device transmission is received by a plurality of devices, and A method wherein the first beam is determined not to be used for the second device-to-device transmission based on the fact that no more than a threshold number of pieces of information related to the first beam are received.

7. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the information related to the first beam includes no-feedback related to the first beam.

8. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the destination ID (identifier) ​​associated with the second device-to-device transmission is the same as the destination ID associated with the first device-to-device transmission.

9. In paragraph 1, A method wherein a first resource from which information related to the first beam is received is different from a second resource from which transmission between the first devices is performed.

10. In paragraph 1, In response to the above first device-to-device transmission, further comprising the step of monitoring information associated with a second beam included in the at least one beam, A method wherein a first resource from which information related to the first beam is received is different from a second resource from which information related to the second beam is received.

11. In paragraph 10, The above first device-to-device transmission is received by the second device, and A method wherein information related to the first beam is transmitted by the second device based on the first resource, based on the beam quality related to the first beam being higher than the beam quality related to the second beam.

12. In paragraph 1, The above first device-to-device transmission is received by the second device, and A method wherein information related to the first beam is transmitted by the second device based on a beam quality related to the first beam being higher than a threshold value.

13. In paragraph 1, A method, wherein the above method is performed by a first device.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Performing a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; In response to the first device-to-device transmission, monitor information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and A first device that determines whether to use the first beam for a second device-to-device transmission following the first device-to-device transmission based on the results of monitoring information related to the first beam.

15. In a processing device set to control the first device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Performing a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; In response to the first device-to-device transmission, monitor information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and A processing device that determines whether to use the first beam for a second device-to-device transmission following the first device-to-device transmission based on the results of monitoring information related to the first beam.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the first device to: Performing a first inter-device transmission based on at least one beam; In response to the first device-to-device transmission, monitor information related to the first beam included in the at least one beam; and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for determining whether to use the first beam for a second device-to-device transmission following the first device-to-device transmission based on the results of monitoring information related to the first beam.

17. In the method, A step of receiving, from a first device, a first inter-device transmission performed based on a first beam; A step of receiving a second device-to-device transmission performed based on a second beam from the first device; and In response to receiving the first device-to-device transmission and receiving the second device-to-device transmission, comprising the step of transmitting information related to the beam to the first device, The above first device-to-device transmission and the above second device-to-device transmission are transmissions of the same data, A method wherein, based on information related to the beam, it is determined whether the first beam or the second beam is to be used for transmission between the third device.

18. In paragraph 17, A method wherein the information related to the above beam is information related to the first beam based on the beam quality related to the first beam being higher than the beam quality related to the second beam.

19. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: Receive, from a first device, a first inter-device transmission performed based on a first beam; Receiving a second device-to-device transmission performed based on a second beam from the first device; and In response to receiving the first device-to-device transmission and receiving the second device-to-device transmission, transmit information related to the beam to the first device, The above first device-to-device transmission and the above second device-to-device transmission are transmissions of the same data, A second device, based on information related to the beam, determining whether the first beam or the second beam is to be used for transmission between the third device.

20. In paragraph 19, A second device, wherein the information related to the beam is information related to the first beam, based on the beam quality related to the first beam being higher than the beam quality related to the second beam.

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