Method for estimating the variation in load distributed on a trailer of a stationary convoy

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy, generated by loading the loading volume of the stationary trailer, the method comprising the following steps: • Loading the trailer; • Recording the internal pressure P in the fluidic cavity of an equipped mounted assembly; • Recording the internal temperature T in the fluidic cavity of the equipped mounted assembly; • Evaluating a variation in the volume ΔV of the equipped mounted assembly by means of the recorded internal pressure P and the recorded internal temperature T using a model of a fluid in adiabatic transformation, the fluid having perfect gas behaviour; and • Estimating a variation in the load ΔZ carried by the equipped mounted assembly using a second function comprising, as a parameter, the evaluated intermediate variation in volume ΔV and the flattening stiffness of the mounted assembly per unit volume KP.

Description

DESCRIPTION TITLE: METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE VARIATION IN LOAD DISTRIBUTED ON A TRAILER OF A STOPPED CONVOY Field of invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of real-time determination of the quasi-static load applied and in particular the load variation generated by the loading of the loading volume of a trailer of a convoy comprising the trailer coupled to a towing vehicle, in particular when the convoy is stationary. Technological background

[0002] Obtaining the quasi-static load applied to a stationary trailer makes it possible to determine whether the trailer or each of the trailer's axles is in a safe condition even before setting it in motion, which makes it more reliable and allows for compliance with safe traffic conditions. Indeed, determining the load applied to inflatable systems such as mounted assemblies generally requires a balancing scale; it is not easy to determine this load outside of very specific loading locations such as quarries where the trailer is loaded. In order to evaluate, outside of these specific locations, the load carried by the trailer as well as by each axle of the trailer, it is possible to evaluate the load carried by each mounted assembly of the trailer through an indication of the tire's footprint on the ground.Although a measurement using a static pressure quantification system is possible by inserting the measurement system between the inflatable system and the ground, its implementation is not simple and the accuracy of the measurement is subject to the correct positioning of the measurement system. Another alternative is to evaluate the dimension of the contact patch in rolling conditions by measuring the tire deformation at the wheel revolution in order to determine the dimension of the contact patch. Through a mathematical model, linking the type of tire, the inflation pressure and the external dimension of the footprint, we then go back to the load applied to the tire casing. Unfortunately, this measurement is in rolling conditions. As a result, the trailer may no longer be within its safe operating range at the time of the measurement.Furthermore, the accuracy of these measurements is delicate for very heavy loads where the deformation of the tire which determines the load variations tends to occur. stabilize according to the circumferential direction on which the evolution of the measurement of the deformation of the pneumatic envelope generally relates.

[0003] The following objects and methods of the invention aim to solve the problem of measuring the variation in load carried by the trailer in the absence of a measurement system external to the trailer, i.e. one that can be used at any time without specific measuring means. This variation in load is generated by the loading or unloading of the trailer's loading volume. In addition, this evaluation is carried out while the vehicle is stationary, making it possible to decide on the safety criterion for loading the trailer before any imminent movement of the convoy. Description of the invention

[0004] The invention relates to a method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy, i.e. comprising a tractor vehicle and a trailer, generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary, comprising the following steps: • In the preliminary phase, i.e. before loading the trailer: • Equip at least one mounted assembly of the convoy in contact with the ground with at least one pressure sensor, the at least one sensor being capable of measuring the internal pressure of the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly delimited by at least one pneumatic envelope, preferably at least one mounted assembly in contact with the ground of each axle of the convoy, very preferably all the mounted assemblies in contact with the ground of the convoy; • Equip the at least one mounted assembly equipped with at least one temperature sensor, the at least one sensor being capable of measuring the internal temperature of the fluid cavity of the equipped mounted assembly; • Determine the initial load ZI applied to at least one mounted assembly equipped with the convoy; • Determine the initial inflation pressure PI of the fluid cavity of at least one assembled assembly equipped with the convoy; • Determine the initial internal temperature Tl of the fluid cavity of at least one assembled assembly equipped with the convoy; • Evaluate the initial volume VI of the fluid cavity of the at least one equipped mounted assembly using a first function comprising as parameter the volume VO of the fluid cavity of the unloaded mounted assembly inflated to the initial pressure PI and the flattening rigidity of the mounted assembly per unit volume Kp; and • Evaluate the number of moles of fluid or of the fluidic cavity of at least one assembled assembly equipped from a model taking into account the inflation pressure PI, the initial volume VI and the temperature Tl; • In the main phase, i.e. when loading the trailer: • Load the trailer loading volume; • Record the internal temperature T of the fluid cavity of at least one equipped assembly; • Record the internal pressure P of the fluid cavity of at least one equipped mounted assembly; • Evaluate an intermediate volume variation AV of at least one equipped assembly using the recorded internal pressure P and the recorded internal temperature T from a fluid model in adiabatic transformation, the fluid having a perfect gas behavior; and • Estimate a load variation AZ carried by the at least one equipped mounted assembly using at least one second function, the at least one second function including as parameter the intermediate volume variation AV evaluated and the flattening rigidity of the mounted assembly per unit of volume Kp.

[0005] According to a preferred embodiment, in the preliminary phase, the method comprises a step of determining a law of evolution of the internal pressure P of the fluidic cavity from the internal temperature T during an adiabatic transformation of the fluid of the fluidic cavity of the at least one assembled, equipped, inflated and loaded assembly, in the main phase, the method comprises a step of extracting the variation of internal temperature T' generated by the sole adiabatic transformation of the fluid from the recording of the internal temperature T, the method comprises a step of determining an internal pressure P' of the fluidic cavity from the internal temperature T' and the law of evolution determined in the preliminary phase and the step of evaluating the volume variation AV comprises a first phase where the evaluation is carried out with the determined internal pressure P' and the extracted internal temperature T' and at least a second phase where the evaluation is carried out with a part of the internal temperature T recorded outside a time frame corresponding to the extracted internal temperature variations T' and a part of the recorded internal pressure P outside said time frame.

[0006] Advantageously, the extraction of the internal temperature variation T' begins when the recorded internal temperature T changes, a first time, in variation speed and ends when the recorded internal temperature T changes a second time in variation speed or after a duration T0 corresponding to the end of the adiabatic transformation of the fluid, the start of the duration T0 corresponds to the first change in variation speed of the recorded internal temperature T.

[0007] According to another preferred embodiment, the method comprises a step of determining a law of evolution of the internal temperature T of the fluid cavity from the internal pressure P during an adiabatic transformation of the fluid of the fluid cavity of the inflated and charged inflatable system, in the main phase, the method comprises a step of extracting the variations of internal pressure P” generated by the sole adiabatic transformation of the fluid from the recording of the internal pressure P,the method comprises a step of determining an internal temperature T” of the fluid cavity of the inflatable system from the internal pressure P” and the evolution law determined in the preliminary phase and the step of evaluating the volume variation AV comprises a first phase where the evaluation is carried out with the extracted internal pressure P” and the determined internal temperature T” and at least a second phase where the evaluation is carried out with a part of the internal pressure P recorded outside a time frame of the extracted internal pressure variations P” and a part of the recorded internal temperature T outside said time frame.,

[0008] Advantageously, the extraction of the internal pressure variation P” begins when the recorded internal pressure P changes, for the first time, its variation speed and ends when the recorded internal pressure P changes its variation speed for a second time or after a duration T0 corresponding to the end of the adiabatic transformation of the fluid, the start of the duration T0 corresponding to the first change in the variation speed of the recorded internal pressure P.

[0009] The method for determining the variation in applied load comprises two successive phases. The first phase consists of identifying the intrinsic parameters of the mounted assembly before loading the trailer of a convoy. This constitutes an installation of the measurement system through the implementation of the measurement systems at the level of the components connecting the convoy with the ground including the mounted assemblies such as the axles of the trailer and the axles of the towing vehicle and the identification of the initial parameters of the mounted assemblies such as the volume of the fluid cavity, the quantity of fluid contained in the closed volume that defines the fluid cavity, the load initially applied to the mounted assemblies of the convoy, the internal temperature of the fluid cavity and the inflation pressure of the fluid cavity of each mounted assembly.Intuitively, the nature of the fluid is assumed to be known to estimate the quantity of fluid trapped in the fluid cavity.

[0010] The second phase represents the step of evaluating the load variation applied to a mounted assembly of the convoy equipped with an electronic device due to the loading of the trailer's loading volume, in a single step or using several successive steps. The electronic device comprising the pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, manages and conditions the recording of the measurement of the fluid parameters. Thus, recordings of the inflation pressure and the internal temperature of the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly equipped with an electronic device are made at the time of loading of the trailer. The temporal evolutions, in the transient phase, of the physical quantities of the fluid cavity are important.The trailer loading step results in a first transformation corresponding to the work generated by this additional load which is similar to an adiabatic transformation, i.e. a rapid one which is predominant in front of the second transformation. After the rapid transformation, a slower transformation follows which corresponds to the thermal equilibrium of the fluid cavity with the external environment through the external surfaces of the mounted assembly. This equilibrium is necessary following the modification of the internal temperature of the fluid cavity associated with the work generated by the additional load. This thermal equilibrium is slower to be implemented due to the thermal inertia of the components of the mounted assembly, in particular the tire. In addition, the thermal equilibrium is generally of smaller magnitude on the variation in volume of the fluid cavity than the transformation linked to the work.Therefore, it is possible to use sampling frequencies of physical quantities, temperature and pressure, which are. different. However, one can just as easily use the same sampling frequency for both sensors.

[0011] Optionally, if the evolution of the internal temperature is not suitable for observing the first transformation of the fluid linked, for example to a temperature sampling frequency that is too low, using the variation of the inflation pressure of the fluidic cavity, it is possible to determine the variation of the internal temperature of the fluid of the fluidic cavity which is determined, for this purpose, by the evolution law previously determined in the preliminary phase. This evolution law links the variation of internal temperature T associated with the variation of internal pressure P of the mounted assembly during an adiabatic transformation of the fluid when it is in use condition, in particular to the load ZI carried around the inflation pressure PI and the temperature Tl. This evolution law can be fixed or derived from an experimental characterization or a numerical simulation of the mounted assembly considered.

[0012] It therefore converts the internal pressure measurement of the fluid from the fluid cavity and a determination of the internal temperature of the fluid generated for the adiabatic transformation alone.

[0013] Then, it is possible to evaluate a first intermediate volume variation using a fluid model undergoing an adiabatic transformation. Here, the term adiabatic means that the transformation that the fluid undergoes due to the trailer loading step is carried out without heat exchange between the fluid cavity and the exterior of the mounted assembly, which assumes that it is rapid. Therefore, using only the variation in the measured inflation pressure and the internal temperature variation determined using the measurement of the internal pressure variation and the evolution law linking the internal temperature variation T associated with the internal pressure variation P of the mounted assembly, it is possible to estimate the first volume variation of the fluid cavity generated by the loading or unloading of the trailer, the fluid having undergone an adiabatic transformation.We will make the entirely suitable assumption for air or nitrogen that the fluid, in the gaseous state, of the cavity of the assembled assembly equipped with the convoy is a perfect gas.

[0014] Then, a second intermediate volume variation is evaluated using a second fluid transformation. This second transformation is associated with the thermal equilibrium of the fluid with the exterior through the components of the assembled assembly, mainly the tire. We then evaluate the second volume variation undergone by the assembled assembly following this second transformation using the variation in internal temperature and the variation in pressure recorded in the fluid cavity during the transient phase linked to the trailer loading step but subsequent to the first transformation of the fluid, i.e. when the inflation pressure has changed its temporal evolution a second time. Taking into account this second variation in volume guarantees better precision in the evaluation of the variation in volume of the fluid cavity, which improves the precision of the measurement of the variation in load at the level of the equipped assembled assembly. However, the first intermediate variation in volume is sufficient for the estimation, to a first order of magnitude, of the first overload applied to the assembled assembly. Then a possible second loading or unloading step is carried out at the level of the trailer loading volume.This second stage can be divided into two successive transformations of the fluid as during the previous loading stage. Continuous measurement during the various stages of loading or unloading of the trailer makes it possible to estimate the variation in volume of the fluid cavity of the equipped assembled assembly precisely since the starting point before the new loading stage is measured with regard to the internal pressure and the internal temperature of the fluid and the internal volume of the fluid cavity can thus be determined. Therefore, knowing the initial point and recording the parameters of the fluid during the new loading stage, the variation in internal volume during the second loading stage up to a new loading stage or the thermomechanical equilibrium of the fluid in the fluid cavity can be determined without difficulty.

[0015] Optionally, if the evolution of the internal pressure is not suitable for the observation of the first transformation of the fluid linked for example to a sampling frequency of the internal pressure too low, using the variation of internal temperature of the fluidic cavity, it is possible to determine the variation of internal pressure of the fluid of the fluidic cavity which is determined, for this purpose, by the law of evolution previously determined in the preliminary phase. This law of evolution links the variation of internal temperature T associated with the variation of internal pressure P of the assembled assembly during the adiabatic transformation when it is in use condition, in particular to the load ZI carried around the inflation pressure PI and the temperature TL This law of evolution can be fixed or derived from an experimental characterization or a numerical simulation of the inflatable system considered.

[0016] It therefore converts the internal temperature measurement of the fluid in the fluid cavity and a determination of the internal pressure of the fluid generated for the adiabatic transformation alone.

[0017] As before, it is possible to evaluate a first intermediate volume variation using a fluid model undergoing an adiabatic transformation. Therefore, using only the variation of the measured internal temperature and the internal pressure variation determined by the evolution law from the temperature variation of the fluidic cavity, it is possible to estimate the first volume variation of the fluidic cavity generated by the work related to loading or unloading the trailer, the fluid which is a perfect gas having undergone an adiabatic transformation.

[0018] Preferably, a second intermediate volume variation is evaluated using a second transformation of the fluid. This second transformation is associated with the thermal equilibrium of the fluid with the exterior through the components of the mounted assembly, mainly the tire. The second volume variation undergone by the mounted assembly following this second transformation is then evaluated using the variation in internal temperature and the variation in internal pressure recorded in the fluid cavity during the transient phase linked to the loading of the trailer but subsequent to the first transformation of the fluid, that is to say when the internal temperature has changed its temporal evolution a second time.Taking this second volume variation into account ensures better accuracy in assessing the volume variation of the fluid cavity, which improves the accuracy of measuring the load variation at the level of the equipped mounted assembly. However, the first intermediate volume variation is sufficient to estimate, to a first order of magnitude, the first overload applied to the mounted assembly.

[0019] Of course, taking into account the variation in the external temperature of the mounted assembly resulting from the thermal equilibrium of the mounted assembly also makes it possible to refine the measurement of the second variation in volume, generated by the loading of the trailer, at the level of the equipped inflatable systems. However, in a simple approach, the mounted assembly being preferably in a thermomechanically stable state, it is possible to take as the external temperature the initial internal temperature Tl of the fluid in the fluidic cavity of the mounted assembly.

[0020] These two transformations can take place at each time increment or one after the other over a period of time measurements. These evaluations of the intermediate volume variation must be made with measurements during the transient period of loading of the trailer until the establishment of the mechanical and possibly thermal equilibrium of the assembled assemblies of the convoy. Once these equilibria are established, the variations in temperature and pressure of the fluidic cavity are infinitesimal, they are then in a new thermomechanically stable state. Generally, when the loading of the trailer is done by a succession of operations, the thermomechanical equilibrium does not have time to establish itself between the successive operations, it is then appropriate to follow the continuous evolution throughout the loading of the trailer by taking as a starting point before a new work associated with a loading operation, the thermomechanical state of the fluid.This being evaluated continuously, the variation in volume of the assembled equipped assembly is correct.

[0021] Therefore, if the internal pressure and internal temperature variations are satisfactory to identify all the phenomena, it is possible to evaluate the intermediate volume variation associated with a loading step of the trailer loading by directly using the measured internal pressure variation and the measured internal temperature variation by solving a differential equation taking into account that the fluid is a perfect gas, that the fluid undergoes an adiabatic transformation and that the fluid is in thermal equilibrium with the external environment through the components of the mounted assembly, mainly the tire.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the determination of the first transformation of the fluid linked to the work associated with the additional load, its beginning and its end, is carried out by calculating the derivative and / or the second derivative of the variation of the parameter of the fluid in order to detect the change in the speed of evolution of these parameters.

[0023] Once the intermediate volume variation has been evaluated for the equipped mounted assemblies, the associated static load variation resulting from the loading of the trailer on each equipped mounted assembly in the convoy must be evaluated. To do this, the intermediate volume variation of each equipped mounted assembly must be transformed into an equivalent load variation. To this end, a characteristic of the mounted assembly, in particular that of the tire of the mounted assembly, which is called the flattening stiffness per unit volume Kp, must be taken into account. This quantity makes it possible to link the load variation carried by the mounted assembly to the volume variation of the fluid cavity generated by the variation of load carried, the mounted assembly being crushed on a plane perpendicular to the applied load. This characteristic can of course be a fixed quantity or obtained by an experimental characterization of the mounted assembly or deduced from a numerical simulation campaign of the same mounted assembly. The mounted assembly must be in conditions of use close to those observed in the preliminary phase, that is to say around the internal temperature Tl and around the inflation pressure PI. Generally, this flattening rigidity of the mounted assembly is a quantity defined locally around the initial point of use of the mounted assembly in the reference associated with the internal pressure P, the internal temperature T and the volume of the physicochemical cavity V.

[0024] Preferably, before the main step, the at least one equipped mounted assembly is in a thermomechanically stabilized state.

[0025] It is preferable that the transient phenomena recorded at the level of the sensors of the electronic device are only due to the disturbance of the balance of the trailer or other elements of the convoy generated by the loading of the latter before the start of the recordings. Thus, the other disturbances do not influence the response of the sensors, which improves the precision of the load variation evaluated by the method. However, if the disturbance of the balance of the convoy takes place on a different time scale than the disturbance associated with the loading of the trailer of the convoy or if this disturbance results in lower amplitudes of the responses of the sensors of the electronic device, the method remains entirely relevant.Once the various successive loading operations have been carried out, it is advisable to wait until the assembled assembly is thermomechanically stable in order to have the best possible precision on the load variation and therefore the load carried by the assembled assembly.

[0026] Advantageously, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are fixed on the internal surface of the pneumatic casing of the equipped mounted assembly.

[0027] It is advantageous for sensors measuring low amplitude transient phenomena to be placed close to the occurrence of these transient phenomena so as not to be drowned in the measurement noise. Thus, in the presence for example of a centralized inflation pressure system for mounted assemblies, it is advantageous for the sensors to be located at the mounted assembly and not at the centralized system. In the same logic, if the sensors are placed on the internal surface of the mounted assembly delimiting the fluid cavity, the measurement will be more inaccurate if the sensors are mounted on the rim of the mounted assembly in due to the distance of the measurement from the appearance of the physical phenomenon which acts on the internal surface of the pneumatic envelope due to the transient nature of the physical phenomenon.

[0028] Advantageously, the pressure sensor operates with a resolution of less than a millibar.

[0029] Advantageously, the temperature sensor operates with a resolution of less than a hundredth of a degree.

[0030] Thus, it is possible to evaluate small variations in volume and therefore small variations in load.

[0031] Preferably, the acquisition frequency of the sensor is between 0.1 Hz and 10 Hz.

[0032] It is useful for the acquisition frequency to be high to capture the first transformation of the fluid which is rapid. It is quite possible to use the same acquisition frequency for both sensors but this is not mandatory thanks to the alternatives for estimating the adiabatic transformation of the fluid.

[0033] According to a particular embodiment, the determination of the initial volume V0 takes into account the geometry of the assembled assembly unloaded and inflated to a reference pressure PO, preferably the pressure PO is the initial pressure PI.

[0034] Advantageously, the geometry of the mounted assembly is determined using an identifier of the equipped mounted assembly, preferably obtaining the identifier of said mounted assembly is carried out by radiofrequency interrogation of an electronic device located on the mounted assembly.

[0035] To initiate the measurement system and in particular the determination of the initial volume VI of the fluid cavity, it is necessary to determine the volume V0 of the fluid cavity which corresponds to the volume delimited by the unloaded mounted assembly, i.e. the mounted assembly has a reference inflation pressure PO which is preferably the initial pressure PI.

[0036] To determine this volume V0, it is necessary to know the geometry of the assembled assembly for a reference inflation pressure PO. We make the realistic assumption that the geometry of the rim of the assembled assembly is not influenced by the inflation pressure. These geometries can be accessed via a database of the mounted assembly. Knowing the identity of the mounted assembly makes it possible to isolate the correct geometry in this database. The identity of the mounted assembly can be obtained through optical reading of the regulatory markings affixed to the outer surface of the tire casing. The identity can also be transmitted by radiofrequency interrogation of an electronic device present on the mounted assembly such as an RFID tag (acronym for Radio Frequency Identification), a TMS (acronym for "Tyre Mounted Sensor"), in the case of a tire, mounted on the internal rubber of the tire or "inner liner" or a TPMS (acronym for "Tyre Pressure Monitoring System") mounted on the wheel rim of a mounted assembly.

[0037] Preferably, the load variation AZ of the at least one equipped mounted assembly is estimated by a first relation according to the following formula [MATH 1] AZ = * P * AP = * P * (P i+1 - V-) p , where K p is the pneumatic rigidity of the assembled assembly when flattening per unit volume.

[0038] This is a simple and elementary model that links the variation of load applied to the mounted assembly to the variation of volume of the fluidic cavity of the mounted assembly between a first state, for example unloaded, of volume Vi and a second state of volume Vi+i, the inflation pressure P of the fluidic cavity and the pneumatic stiffness of the mounted assembly corresponding to the flattening of the mounted assembly on a contact plane, at a global level, that is to say whatever the pressure P, the volume V and the temperature T. Through this model, we make the assumption that the structural stiffness of the mounted assembly is negligible compared to that of the pneumatic nature, which is a realistic assumption for a pneumatic envelope. However, it is quite possible to take into account the structural stiffness of the mounted assembly in the previous formula by adding it to the product of the pneumatic stiffness by the inflation pressure.If one of the states of the mounted assembly corresponds to a zero load applied to the mounted assembly, the variation in load carried then corresponds directly to the load carried by the mounted assembly in the other volume state.

[0039] According to an advantageous embodiment, the variation in volume AV of at least one equipped mounted assembly is estimated by solving a differential equation according to the form next: [MATH 2], and With [MATH 3] , where P is the internal pressure, V is the internal volume and T is the internal temperature of the fluid cavity.

[0040] This differential equation translates the link between the parameters of the fluid in the cavity of the mounted assembly which are controlled on the one hand by an adiabatic transformation of the fluid and on the other hand by the fact that the fluid is a perfect gas. The thermal equilibrium with the external environment is taken into account by the direct measurement of the internal temperature of the fluid cavity and possibly the temperature of the environment external to the mounted assembly.

[0041] The invention also relates to a method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a stationary convoy comprising the method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary in which, in the preliminary phase, at least one mounted assembly in contact with the ground of each axle of the trailer, preferably each mounted assembly in contact with the ground of each axle of the trailer, and at least one mounted assembly in contact with the ground of at least one axle of the towing vehicle, preferably at least one mounted assembly of each axle of the towing vehicle, are equipped and the method comprises a step of determining a first load distribution on each axle of the towing vehicle, preferably on each mounted assembly of the towing vehicle,associated with the application of an additional load exerted at a coupling point M of the towing vehicle not coupled to the trailer, in the main phase, the method comprises a step of estimating the load variation AZ carried by each mounted assembly of each axle of the towing vehicle using the load variation AZ carried by the at least one mounted assembly equipped with the at least one axle of the towing vehicle and the first load distribution associated with the application of a, additional load at the coupling point M, the method comprises a step of estimating the load variation AZ applied to the coupling point M of the towing vehicle comprising the load variation carried by each mounted assembly of the towing vehicle and the method comprises a step of determining the load variation carried by the trailer comprising the load variations carried by at least one mounted assembly in contact with the ground of each axle of the trailer and the estimated load variation AZ applied to the coupling point M of the trailer.

[0042] If the convoy is equipped with a system for measuring the physical parameters of the fluid in the fluid cavity of the mounted assemblies, it is possible to trace the variation in load carried by the trailer during the loading or unloading phase of the trailer from the stationary convoy. To do this, it is necessary to identify the variation in load applied to the coupling point M between the towing vehicle and the trailer of the convoy. Using the variations in load carried during loading of the trailer by only the mounted assemblies equipped with the towing vehicle and a law for distributing the load carried between the various axles or mounted assemblies of the uncoupled towing vehicle when applying an external force to the coupling point M of the towing vehicle with the trailer, it is possible to deduce the variation in load applied to the coupling point M by the trailer to the towing vehicle due to the loading of the trailer.Then, by isolating the trailer alone in a geometric position representing a coupling of it to the towing vehicle, that is to say in the absence of the use of stands on the trailer, which corresponds to a virtual image of the trailer, it is possible to estimate the load carried by the trailer using the load variations measured at the level of the mounted assemblies equipped with the trailer and the load variation applied by the towing vehicle to the trailer at the coupling point M. Equipping at least one mounted assembly per axle with the trailer and estimating the load variation at the coupling point M makes it possible to deduce the load variations carried by the mounted assemblies not equipped with the trailer by identifying the location of the additional load linked to the loading in the volume of the trailer and the distribution induced by this location of this additional load on the various mounted assemblies of the trailer.

[0043] Knowledge of the initial load ZI at the level of the assembled assemblies equipped with the convoy, of the law of load distribution between the various axles of the towing vehicle and / or of the distribution of loads between the various axles of the attached trailer makes it possible to estimate the total load applied to each assembled unit of the convoy. As a result, it is possible to estimate the total axle load of the convoy and the total load of the convoy to compare these values ​​with safety thresholds authorizing or not the putting into circulation of the convoy even before it has set off since these estimates are made at the moment when the convoy is stopped while loading the trailer.

[0044] The invention also relates to a method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy comprising the method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stopped, the method is characterized in that the method comprises a step of estimating the load Z carried by the at least one equipped mounted assembly using the load variation AZ carried by the at least one equipped mounted assembly and determining the initial load ZI of the at least one equipped mounted assembly.

[0045] By adding the initial load carried ZI by the assembled assembly, before loading the trailer's loading volume, to the variation in load AZ evaluated at the level of the same assembled assembly, this makes it possible to evaluate the total load established at the level of the assembled assembly.

[0046] The invention also relates to a system for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stopped and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stopped and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stopped comprising: • A towing vehicle, fitted with at least one mounted assembly equipped with an electronic device on at least one axle of the towing vehicle; • a trailer, fitted with at least one mounted assembly equipped with an electronic device on each axle of the trailer; • the electronic device comprising at least one pressure sensor, at least one temperature sensor, at least one electronic chip, at least one memory space capable of recording the signals from the sensors, and at least one first means of radiofrequency communication at least in transmission; • at least one means of calculation; and at least one display means comprising at least one second radiofrequency communication means at least in reception

[0047] As mentioned by the method, the sensors should preferably be located on the mounted assembly which is potentially driven by a rotational movement relative to the elements of the convoy such as a mounted assembly. Therefore, the electronic device conditioning at least the signals from the sensors should be provided with a means of communication, for example radio frequency, in transmission to simply transmit the data beyond the mounted assembly where at least the display means will be located. Indeed, an alternative consists of integrating the calculation means, the one which performs the calculation of the variation in volume of the internal cavity of the mounted assembly at the level of the mounted assembly. This can be integrated into the electronic device or be in wired communication with the electronic device. Then, the radio frequency communication means of the electronic device is useful for transmitting the calculation results beyond the mounted assembly.Radiofrequency communication from the electronic device of the assembled assembly can be directed to the trailer, the vehicle or outside the two elements of the convoy to a device separate from these elements such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a computer. These three elements can then represent the display means. However, the display means can also be a graphical interface of the trailer, the towing vehicle such as at the dashboard level for example.

[0048] Therefore, the proposed structural form allows it to adapt to several possible technical configurations while being functional for implementing the said process.

[0049] Preferably, the system comprises an analysis means capable of analyzing a result output from at least one calculation means.

[0050] The result of the calculation means is the variation in volume or the variation in load or the load carried by each mounted assembly equipped with the electronic device. If we want to compare these quantities or order them for presentation on the display means, it is necessary to carry out one or more tasks before sending a message to the display means. This optional element of the system, which provides a service to the operator of the convoy, must be positioned between the calculation means and the display means. Structurally, it can be associated with one and / or the other by a wired connection or be physically separated from these elements by means of radio frequency communication means.

[0051] According to a first particular embodiment, the at least one calculation means comprises at least one third radiofrequency transmission / reception communication means.

[0052] In the case where the calculation means is physically separated from the electronic device on the one hand and from the display means on the other hand, it is appropriate that the latter can communicate with the other two elements. This is the case, for example, when the calculation means is on one of the elements of the convoy; it retrieves the data on the physical parameters of the fluid from the electronic device through radiofrequency communication with the latter. On the other hand, if the display means is on a mobile telephone, it transmits the calculation results to the display means via this radiofrequency communication.

[0053] According to a second particular embodiment, the at least one analysis means comprises at least a fourth radiofrequency transmission / reception communication means.

[0054] In the case where the analysis means is physically separated from the calculation means and from the display means, it should be able to communicate with the other two elements. This is the case, for example, when the analysis means is on a server remote from the convoy; it retrieves, for example, load variations or loads applied to the various assembled assemblies of the convoy from the calculation means present on the elements of the convoy via radio frequency communication with the latter. On the other hand, if the display means is on a mobile phone, or any other electronic device equipped with a screen, it transmits the messages resulting from the comparison to the display means via radio frequency communication.

[0055] According to a third particular embodiment, the system comprises at least one reading means capable of at least reading data contained in the at least one memory space of the electronic device, comprising at least a fifth radiofrequency communication means at least in reception, preferably also in transmission.

[0056] In the event that the electronic device has a communication range that is not sufficient to ensure communication to the calculation means or the display means, a reading means should be used to retrieve the data from the electronic device. This reading means ensures the function of capturing the data from measurements. This then transfers them to the display means or any other element of the system requiring the data, for example radio frequency communication, for the rest of the process. It is a role of relaying the information by optimizing the communication coverage in relation to the electronic device present in the mounted assembly. Indeed, in order to reduce the mass of the electronic device at the level of the mounted assembly, it is necessary to limit the energy source necessary for the transmission of data which is the energy-consuming function of the electronic device.

[0057] Preferably, part of the communication carried out by the communication means from and to the elements included in the group comprising the electronic device, the at least one calculation means, the at least one display means, the at least one analysis means and the at least one reading means is carried out by UHF radiofrequency waves, preferably in BLE (acronym in English for “Bluetooth Low Emission”).

[0058] The UHF band (acronym for Ultra High Frequencies) allows for significant data transmission with an interesting throughput, this is even more true in the high frequencies of the UHF band such as the BLE band (acronym in English for "Bluethooth Low Emission"). It is traditionally used in transport applications, which allows the system's communication means to be shared with those already present on the towing vehicle, the trailer or in the road infrastructure.

[0059] Advantageously, the at least one display means is included in the group comprising a telephone, a computer, a human-machine interface located on the trailer and / or the towing vehicle, preferably located on the instrument cluster of the towing vehicle.

[0060] The display means is used to warn the operator who is carrying out operations on the convoy, whether he is the driver of the convoy or another person responsible for the quality of loading of the trailer.

[0061] According to an advantageous embodiment, part of the at least one reading means is located on the trailer and the towing vehicle.

[0062] According to another advantageous embodiment, part of the at least one calculation means and / or part of the at least one analysis means is located on the convoy, preferably located on the mounted assembly.

[0063] The elements of the convoy, the trailer and the towing vehicle, are natural information relay instruments since the mounted assembly is connected to it. Therefore, that the structural devices of the system are located on the trailer and / or the vehicle is entirely desirable although the alternative is also possible. However, the elements of the convoy allow to ensure a certain confidentiality of the data unlike communications to servers for example, unless secure communication protocols are implemented. Of course, in order to minimize the impact of this system in the convoy environment which is today complex, the localization of the functions at the level of the mounted assembly makes it possible to limit interference with the other structural components of the trailer and / or the towing vehicle. Brief description of the drawings

[0064] The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, given solely as a non-limiting example and made with reference to the appended figures in which the same reference numbers designate identical parts throughout and in which: • Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b present a system for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy at a standstill according to the first embodiment of the invention; • Fig. 2 shows another system configuration according to the second embodiment of the invention; • Fig. 3 presents a synopsis of the method for estimating the variation in load carried and / or the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy during loading of the trailer according to the invention; • Fig. 4 shows a temporal evolution of the internal pressure of the fluid cavity at the outlet of the pressure sensor; • Fig. 5 shows a temporal evolution of the internal temperature of the fluidic cavity; • Fig. 6 presents a temporal estimate of the variation in volume of the fluidic cavity according to the invention; • Fig. 7 shows a time estimate of the load variation of a mounted assembly of the convoy associated with the loading of the trailer loading volume. Detailed description of the embodiments

[0065] Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b together illustrate an example of a system 2000 enabling the implementation of the method for estimating the variation in load carried and / or the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy. This system 2000 comprises a tractor vehicle 2001a illustrated in Fig. 1a and a trailer 2001b illustrated in Fig. 1b. Here, the two elements of the convoy are joined by the fifth wheel which results in a force at point M, the coupling point of the trailer on the tractor vehicle. Thus, the presence of the trailer 2001b on the tractor vehicle 2001a is represented by an external force which is applied to the tractor vehicle 2001a in Fig. 1a. Conversely, the presence of the towing vehicle 2001a on the trailer 2001b is represented by the same external force as previously which is applied to the trailer 2001b, except that it is in the opposite direction, in Fig. 1b.Logically, the two efforts oppose each other and the overall result at the level of the convoy, assembly of the trailer 2001b and the towing vehicle 2001a, is zero.

[0066] Fig. 1a is a side view of the towing vehicle 2001a of the system 2000. Here, the towing vehicle comprises three axles, a steering axle located at the front of the vehicle and two drive axles located at the rear of the vehicle. The towing vehicle 2001a comprises a fifth wheel whose central point M corresponds to the barycenter of the forces between the towing vehicle 2001a and the trailer. The towing vehicle 2001a here comprises communication means 2005 which make it possible, on the one hand, to read the radio signals emanating from the mounted assemblies equipped with radio communication devices. On the other hand, these communication means 2005 transmit radio signals, in this case, to a database remote from the convoy where, for example, calculation means or analysis means are located.It is also possible that these communication means 2005 transmit to a display means 2003, such as, for example, a tablet equipped with a suitable radiofrequency antenna 2102.

[0067] Some of the 2006 mounted assemblies of the 2001a tractor vehicle are equipped with 2007 electronic devices. Here, it is at least one mounted assembly of the steering axle as well as at least one 2006 mounted assembly of one of the drive axles. This device electronic device 2007 is located in the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006. Here, the electronic device 2007 is placed on the internal wall of the mounted assembly 2006 at the level of the internal surface of the tire. It would have been possible to install the electronic device at the rigid surface of the mounted assembly such as the wheel rim, while remaining inside the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006. For example, for a pneumatic mounted assembly, the electronic device could have been integrated into the rim valve like certain TPMS systems (acronym in English for Tyre Pressure Monitoring System).

[0068] This electronic device 2007 comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor associated with a microcontroller and a radiofrequency device at least in transmission. The radiofrequency device therefore comprises a radio wave generator and a radiocommunication antenna for transmitting the generated radio waves. The radiofrequency device can also, optionally, comprise a radio wave receiver for receiving instructors from the outside in order, for example, to launch a measurement. This electronic device 2007 also comprises a memory space for storing the measurement data from the sensors before transmitting them in the form of radio waves. The electronic device can transmit the raw measurement data or the data filtered by the microcontroller. The electronic device 2007 transmits both types of data, pressure and temperature, to the outside of the mounted assembly 2006.Here, the electronic device 2007 emits radio waves in the UHF frequency band (acronym in English for Ultra High Frequency) and particularly in the BLE band (acronym in English for Bluetooth Low Emission).

[0069] The weight of the towing vehicle 2001a is balanced by reaction forces exerted on the mounted assemblies 2006 of the towing vehicle 2001a which would be called ZA to Zc depending on the axle where the mounted assembly 2006 is connected. The steering axle is referenced A, the propulsion axles are referenced B and C depending on the direction of travel of the towing vehicle 2001a. The reaction force exerted by the weight of the trailer on the towing vehicle due to its coupling results in a force at point M, the coupling point of the trailer to the towing vehicle. This force is balanced by another force exerted by the towing vehicle on the trailer at the same point M. The reaction forces linked to the weight before loading the trailer of the convoy are not shown in Fig. 1a.

[0070] The presence of an additional load on the trailer, which corresponds to the loading of the trailer's loading volume, causes the appearance of supplements reaction force noted respectively AZA to AZc on the mounted assemblies 2006 of each respective axle of the towing vehicle which are balanced using an additional force AZ at the level of the coupling point M of the trailer on the towing vehicle 2001a. This additional force AZ corresponds to the additional force exerted by the trailer due to its loading on the towing vehicle 2001a.

[0071] The objective of the method at the level of the towing vehicle 2001a is to determine the reaction forces on each mounted assembly 2006 of the towing vehicle 2001a which are stabilized when the permanent regime is reached to go back to the additional force AZ that the trailer exerts on the towing vehicle 2001a. The variations in load carried at the level of the mounted assemblies 2006 of the towing vehicle 2001a are either measured by means of an electronic device 2007 present on the mounted assembly 2006 or determined from the measurements on the other mounted assemblies 2006 of the towing vehicle 2001a and from a previously established law of distribution of the reaction forces between the various axles or mounted assemblies of the towing vehicle by the application of an external force to the trailer coupling point M on the towing vehicle 2001a.

[0072] Fig 1b is a side view of the trailer 2001b of the system 2000 which is normally coupled to the towing vehicle of Fig 1a as justified by the absence of a stand on the trailer 2001b to hold the trailer in position. The trailer 2001b here comprising three axles of mounted assemblies 2006 distributed on the trailer 2001b. The three axles represent the components connecting the trailer 2001b with the ground. The trailer 2001b comprises a point M on the front part of the trailer which allows the attachment of a fifth wheel of the towing vehicle. The trailer 2001b comprises a center of gravity G where the weight P of the trailer with its load in the loading volume is applied which corresponds to the force generated by the total mass of the trailer and its initial load taking into account the gravity of the Earth.This weight P is balanced by reaction forces exerted on the one hand on the mounted assemblies 2006 of the trailer which are called Zi to Z3 depending on the axle where the mounted assembly 2006 is connected and on the other hand at the point M corresponding to the coupling of the trailer 2001a to the towing vehicle of the convoy. The reaction force at the coupling point of the trailer 2001b to the towing vehicle is not shown in Fig. 1b. The presence of an additional load on the trailer 2001b, which corresponds to the loading of the loading volume of the trailer 2001, causes the appearance of additional reaction forces noted respectively AZi to AZ3 on the mounted assemblies. 2006 of each respective axle and AZ at point M which stabilize when steady state is reached to balance the additional load.

[0073] The objective of the method is to determine the additional reaction forces on each mounted assembly 2006 of the trailer 2001b and the additional reaction force exerted by the towing vehicle at point M of the trailer 2001b which are stabilized when the permanent regime is reached to go back to the variation of load carried by the load, including unloading for example of the trailer.

[0074] Preferably, here each inflatable system 2006 of the trailer 2001b is here equipped with an electronic device 2007. This electronic device 2007 is located in the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006. Here, the electronic device 2007 is placed on the internal wall of the mounted assembly 2006 on the internal surface of the tire at the tread. It would have been possible to install the electronic device at the rigid surfaces of the mounted assembly, while remaining inside the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006. For example, the electronic device could have been integrated into the rim valve like certain TPMS systems (acronym in English for Tyre Pressure Monitoring System).

[0075] This electronic device 2007 comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor associated with a microcontroller and a radiofrequency device at least in transmission. The radiofrequency device therefore comprises a radio wave generator and a radiocommunication antenna for transmitting the generated radio waves. The radiofrequency device can also, optionally, comprise a radio wave receiver for receiving instructors from the outside in order, for example, to launch a measurement. This electronic device 2007 also comprises a memory space for storing the measurement data from the sensors before transmitting them in the form of radio waves. The electronic device can transmit the raw measurement data or the data filtered by the microcontroller. The electronic device 2007 transmits both types of data, pressure and temperature, to the outside of the mounted assembly 2006.Here, the electronic device 2007 emits radio waves in the UHF frequency band (acronym in English for Ultra High Frequency) and particularly in the BLE band (acronym in English for Bluetooth Low Emission).

[0076] Here, the exterior includes at least the 2001 trailer. This 2001b trailer firstly includes a 2005 radio data reader, operating in the UHF range, whose antennas 2105 are located near the mounted assemblies 2006 in order to recover the measurement data generated by the electronic device 2007. The data are then transferred, here by wire, to the calculation means 2002 located in the trailer 2001b. A radiofrequency transmission using specific means of communication would also have been possible. This calculation means 2002 includes memory space and a processor to carry out its tasks: identify the quantities of the mounted assembly corresponding to the initial state, solve the differential equation which leads to the determination of the variation in volume of the fluidic cavity of each mounted assembly equipped with an electronic device 2007, and finally calculate the variation in load associated with the variation in volume having previously recovered the quantities of the mounted assembly necessary for this final task.

[0077] The results, and in particular the last data, are sent to an analysis means 2004. Here, the transmission of these data is done by wire but a radio frequency communication could have been set up. The analysis means 2004 makes comparisons between the results of the calculation means 2002 and orders the results to feed the display means. Of course, the analysis means 2004 could be integrated into the calculation means 2002. Here, the analysis means 2004 also collects the variation of load carried at the level of the coupling point M of the trailer 2001b to the towing vehicle either by querying a remote database having previously obtained the result of the study of the towing vehicle of Fig. 1a or by exploiting the data collected by radio communication from the communication means arranged on the towing vehicle of Fig. 1a.These means of communication include the means of reading the electronic devices equipping all or part of the mounted assemblies of the towing vehicle.

[0078] Finally, the various output data from this analysis means 2004 are transmitted to display means 2003 via a fourth communication means 2104 which is materialized, among other things, by the radiocommunication antenna of the trailer 2001b and a second communication means 2102 present on the display means 2003.

[0079] These means of communication 2104 and 2102 transfer their data via a communication network to a tablet or smartphone 2003 in order to provide information on how the load distribution of the trailer loading is carried out, for example by identifying the variation in load carried at the level of each mounted assembly 2006 of the trailer 2001b or the towing vehicle.

[0080] If the distribution of the load on the trailer is not satisfactory, i.e. the loading conditions on the various axles of the convoy are not optimal, it is advisable to modify the loading, whether it is a reduction in the mass of the load or a modification of the positioning of the load in the trailer in order to better distribute the load on the connecting components such as the axles of the convoy at the time of loading the trailer. It is perfectly possible to continue recording the measurement signals from the various electronic devices 2007 while modifying the loading of the trailer to estimate the new load carried by each mounted assembly 2006 equipped with an electronic device 2007 of the convoy.

[0081] Fig. 2 shows another configuration of the system 2000. This system 2000 comprises a trailer 2001b coupled to a towing vehicle not shown in Fig. 2. This towing vehicle is similar to that of Fig. 1a. The trailer 2001b comprises three axles of mounted assemblies 2006 distributed over the trailer 2001b, the axles, which here correspond to components for connecting the trailer to the ground, are numbered from 1 to 3 depending on the direction of the convoy when moving forward. The trailer 2001b comprises a point M on the front part of the trailer where the trailer 2001b is attached to the fifth wheel of the towing vehicle.

[0082] Preferably, here each inflatable system 2006 of each component connecting the trailer 2001b with the ground, such as an axle, is equipped with an electronic device 2007. This electronic device 2007 is located in the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006. Here, the electronic device 2007 is placed on the internal wall of the tire of the mounted assembly 2006 at the level of the tread. It would have been possible to install the electronic device at the level of the rigid surface of the mounted assembly such as the rim for example, while remaining located inside the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly 2006. For example, the electronic device could have been integrated into the rim valve like certain TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System) systems for a mounted assembly.

[0083] This 2007 electronic device comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor associated with a microcontroller and a radiofrequency device at least in transmission. The radiofrequency device therefore comprises a radio wave generator and a radiocommunication antenna for transmitting the generated radio waves. The radiofrequency device may also, optionally, comprise a radio wave receiver. to receive instructions from the outside in order, for example, to start a measurement. This electronic device 2007 also includes a memory space for storing the measurement data from the sensors before transmitting them in the form of radio waves. The electronic device can transmit the raw measurement data or the data filtered by the microcontroller. The electronic device 2007 transmits both types of data, pressure and temperature, to the outside of the mounted assembly 2006. Here, the electronic device 2007 transmits radio waves in the UHF frequency band (acronym in English for Ultra High Frequency) and particularly in the BLE band (acronym in English for Bluetooth Low Emission)

[0084] Here, the exterior comprises at least the trailer 2001b. This trailer 2001b firstly comprises a radio data reader 2005, operating in the UHF range, whose receiving antennas 2105 are located near the mounted assemblies 2006 of the various components connecting the trailer 2001b to the ground in order to recover the measurement data generated by the electronic device 2007. The data are then transferred after processing, here by wire, to the calculation means 2002 and the transmission antenna of the communication means 2104 located in the trailer 2001b. A radiofrequency transmission using specific communication means would also have been possible.This calculation means 2002 comprises memory space and a processor to carry out certain tasks: assignments of the magnitudes of the assembled assembly corresponding to the initial state for example, solving the differential equation which leads to the determination of the variation in volume of the fluidic cavity of each assembled assembly 2006 equipped with an electronic device 2007. But here, part of the tasks of the calculation means 2002 are located in the cloud such as the calculation of the variation in load associated with the variation in volume having previously recovered the magnitudes of the assembled assembly 2006 necessary for this final task as well as the first results of the calculation means 2002 located on the trailer 2001b and previously passed through the analysis means 2004 for ordering the first results.

[0085] Here the data is transferred by wire to a first computing means 2002 located in the trailer 2001b. However, the data could all have been transmitted to computing means 2002 remote from the trailer 2001b.

[0086] The first computing means 2002 comprising transmission / reception communication means. These communication means in a configuration other than that of figure 2 could receive the radio waves emitted by the means of transmission communication 2105 to transform them into digital data usable by the first calculation means 2OO2. The first calculation means 2002 comprises memory space and a processor to carry out its tasks: identify the quantities of the assembled assembly corresponding to the initial state, solve the differential equation which leads to the determination of the variation in volume of the fluidic cavity of each assembled assembly 2006 equipped with an electronic device 2007. These first results, possibly ordered or completed by a first analysis means 2004 on the trailer 2001b, are transferred in a cloud to a second calculation means 2002. This second calculation means 2002 equipped with transmission communication means 2102 for this purpose carries out for example the calculation of the variation in load associated with the variation in volume by having previously recovered the quantities of the assembled assembly necessary for this final task.

[0087] These second results are sent to a second analysis means 2004. Here, the transmission of these data is done by means of radio communication. The second analysis means 2004 orders and makes comparisons between the second results of the second calculation means 2002.

[0088] Finally, the various output data from this second analysis means 2004 are transmitted to display means 2003 via a fourth communication means 2104 in transmission and a second communication means 2102 present on the display means 2003. Here, the display means consist of a digital tablet 2003 possibly remote from the trailer 2001b or the convoy and possibly a man-machine interface within the convoy comprising a display screen. These display means could also be a screen on the dashboard of the towing vehicle with radiofrequency transmission of the data to be displayed.

[0089] The display means 2003 are intended to inform the operator of the convoy of the loading status of the trailer 2001, in particular the distribution of the load between the various components connecting the elements of the convoy to the ground.

[0090] Of course, these two embodiments of the system for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried and / or the load carried by a mounted assembly of a trailer are only illustrative examples of the system which are not limited to these two configurations. A first extreme configuration consists of integrating all of the calculation and analysis means within the electronic device on board the mounted assembly which transmits the results to a display means remote from the trailer. The other The extreme configuration consists of transferring the measurement data recorded at the electronic device by radio waves and carrying out the other steps of the process on means remote from the trailer, without ever passing through the trailer or the towing vehicle.

[0091] Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the method for estimating the variation in load carried and / or the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary. This method comprises several phases.

[0092] The first is a preliminary phase which includes at least actions 1 to 6 which follow each other through a continuous line link system. This preliminary phase which focuses on the assembled assemblies of the convoy obviously includes the equipment of the trailer and the towing vehicle, including its initial loading, ideally at the level of the assembled assemblies, by the installation of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor capable of measuring the physical parameters, such as the inflation pressure and the internal temperature, of the fluid cavity delimited by the tire and the rim of the assembled assembly by means of a dedicated electronic device.The first steps, marked 1 and 2, consist of determining the physical quantities of the fluid cavity of the mounted assemblies equipped with the measuring device such as the inflation pressure PI and the internal temperature TL. Preferably, these determinations can be made as a lump sum or through a specific measurement. Step marked 3 consists of determining the load carried ZI by the mounted assembly equipped with the convoy measuring device. This determination can be made as a lump sum by making assumptions about the distribution of the total load of the convoy between the various ground connection components of the latter. The total unladen load of the trailer or the towing vehicle being a given, for example from the manufacturer, corresponds for example to the unladen mass of the component as specified by the manufacturer's technical instructions.Of course, it is also possible to integrate the initial loading of the trailer coming for example from a previous evaluation, ideally the last one carried out. The step referenced 4 corresponds to obtaining specific quantities of the assembled assembly equipped with a measuring device. One of these quantities is the volume V0 corresponds to the volume occupied by the fluid cavity of the assembled assembly when the assembled assembly is inflated to the pressure PI, strictly speaking, under the internal temperature Tl, but in the absence of any load carried, i.e. not resting on the ground. The second quantity is the flattening rigidity of the assembled assembly per unit of volume KSG, possibly dependent on the inflation pressure PI, of the. internal temperature Tl and the load carried Zl. Finally, a third set of quantities are those associated with the ideal gas behavior laws for the nature of the gas contained in the fluid cavity of the inflatable system. And the penultimate step of the preliminary phase, referenced 5, is a step of determining the volume occupied VI by the fluid cavity of the assembled equipped assembly subjected to the load Zl and under the inflation pressure PI and the temperature Tl. Finally, the last step, noted 6, of the preliminary phase is the evaluation of the quantity of gas contained in the fluid cavity of the assembled equipped assembly by determining the number of moles of gas ni present within the volume VI. Here, the hypotheses associated with the ideal gas condition apply well, it is still necessary to identify the nature of the composition of the gas, that is to say a monatomic gas or a gas mixture.Optionally, it is important in this preliminary phase, although not shown, to determine the evolution law linking the variation of internal pressure P to the variation of internal temperature T for the fluid of the fluidic cavity of the mounted assembly considered during an adiabatic transformation around the operating point of the mounted assembly, i.e. the pressure PI, the temperature Tl and the load Zl. Optionally, a load distribution on each connecting component of the trailer or the towing vehicle, preferably on each mounted assembly of the convoy, can be envisaged.

[0093] Then we move on to the main step, the beginning of which corresponds to the first step of loading or unloading the loading volume of the trailer of the convoy at a standstill. Necessarily, we record the temporal variation of the inflation pressure P(t) of each instrumented mounted assembly of the convoy, which are of the order of a millibar. These recordings are then stored in a memory space to first filter the raw data using a low-pass filter to eliminate high-frequency phenomena, which corresponds to step referenced 11. At the same time, we record the temporal variation of the internal temperature T(t) of the fluid cavity of each instrumented mounted assembly of the convoy, which are of the order of a hundredth of a degree. These recordings are then stored in a memory space to first filter the raw data using a low-pass filter to eliminate high-frequency phenomena, which corresponds to step referenced 12.

[0094] Optionally, in the case where the sampling of the internal temperature measurement T(t) is not sufficient, for example, to capture the adiabatic transformation of the fluid associated with the work linked to the trailer loading step, the temporal variation of the internal temperature T'(t) of the fluid cavity is determined using the temporal variation of internal pressure P'(t) from the recording of P(t) using the evolution law determined in the preliminary step, which then also corresponds to step 12. In this option, the recorded internal pressure variation P'(t) is used to evaluate the adiabatic transformation of the fluid in the fluid cavity corresponding to the work related to the trailer loading step. Then, the recording of the internal temperature T(t) and the internal pressure P(t) beyond the adiabatic transformation determined by the length of P'(t) is used to establish the thermal equilibrium between the fluid cavity and the external environment, which is made necessary by the adiabatic transformation of the fluid associated with the trailer loading.

[0095] The same would apply if the internal pressure measurement P(t) is not satisfactory for identifying the first transformation of the fluid, unlike the internal temperature measurement T(t). At this point, the internal temperature recording T(t) would be used to determine the limits of the adiabatic transformation of the fluid and extract a recording T”(t) between these limits. An internal pressure P”(t) would then be determined between the same two limits using an evolution law linking the internal pressure and the internal temperature of the fluid during an adiabatic transformation previously obtained in the preliminary phase. The connection system between optional steps and the essential steps in the process are illustrated with gray lines instead of being black. However, the connection systems of the main phase are illustrated by dotted lines, while those of the preliminary phase are solid lines

[0096] One of the important steps of the main phase is the determination of the volume variation AV of the fluidic cavity of each instrumented mounted assembly through step 13. This corresponds to the resolution of the differential equation by feeding the differential equation using the appropriate internal pressure and internal temperature variations for the same instrumented mounted assembly. The resolution by successive time increment then makes it possible to identify the time variation of the volume of the fluidic cavity at each time increment. At a minimum, the resolution of the differential equation takes into account the adiabatic transformation of the fluid linked to the loading of the trailer. Preferably, it takes into account part of the thermal equilibrium of the fluid of the fluidic cavity with the external environment up to ideally the steady state.But, in most of the time, the steady state is not reached and a new loading stage occurs which then generates a new adiabatic transformation of the fluid followed inevitably by a new thermal equilibrium cycle. This is continuous until. the permanent regime in the thermal equilibrium phase appears or until the last trailer loading event.

[0097] Using the variation of the internal pressure and the variation of the internal temperature, it is possible to feed the differential equation taking into account the previous hypotheses. The resolution by time increment of the differential equation makes it possible to obtain an estimate of the associated time variation of the volume of the fluidic cavity AV(t) corresponding to step 13.

[0098] Another important step in the main phase is the evaluation of the variation in load carried AZ associated with the single variation in volume previously evaluated AV which corresponds to step 14. For this, it is necessary to take into account again the flattening rigidity of the assembled assembly Kp per unit of volume. This rigidity can include a pneumatic component and a structural component. Taking into account a single pneumatic component K p p may be sufficient for a reliable estimation of the load variation carried AZ.

[0099] From this variation in load carried AZ, the initial load carried ZI must be added to obtain the load carried by the instrumented mounted assembly in step 15. From this quantity on the scale of each instrumented mounted assembly, it is easy to work up to the load carried by each connecting component of the convoy and therefore to the total load carried by the trailer of the convoy in particular.

[0100] Fig. 4 shows the time evolution of the pressure of the pressure sensor of the electronic device placed on a mounted assembly of the trailer. The curve consisting of points 10 is the raw measurement of the pressure sensor while curve 11 corresponds to the time evolution of the filtered pressure, which is cleaned of high-frequency noise. It is this second curve which will then be used in the synoptic of figure 3. Here, the measurement time frame only takes into account the first step of loading the loading volume of the trailer which is sufficient to explain the method.

[0101] This time recording of the internal pressure of the fluid cavity of the assembled assembly begins in the preliminary phase before loading the trailer loading volume. The time of the first loading step of the trailer corresponds to the abscissa of point 100 which marks the beginning of the main phase. From this point 100, a rapid drop in the internal pressure of the fluid cavity is observed until point 101 where the drop of the pressure slows down very sharply and even increases to a lesser extent. This point 101 marks the transition between the work of the fluid associated with loading the trailer, which corresponds to a first transformation of the fluid similar to an adiabatic transformation, and the heat exchange towards the outside, which corresponds to a second transformation of the fluid. The abscissa of this point 101 corresponds to the duration T0, taking the abscissa of point 100 as the origin of the times. Thus, the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of point 100. It precedes the main phase linked to the first loading step, which is separated into two successive phases. The first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following loading of the trailer. The second phase 52 corresponds to a heat exchange of the fluid with the outside.During this second phase 52, a second step of loading or unloading the trailer can be initiated taking as a starting point, in terms of internal pressure, the internal pressure P associated with this starting point on curve 11.

[0102] Fig. 5 shows the time evolution of the internal temperature of the fluid cavity corresponding to the first stage of loading of the trailer. Here, this time evolution is delivered by the temperature sensor of the electronic device arranged on a mounted assembly of the trailer as illustrated by curve 12. An alternative, in the absence of a quality measurement by a temperature sensor in particular for the adiabatic transformation phase, is an estimation of the internal temperature, illustrated by curve 12' from, on the one hand, the recorded internal pressure and an evolution law linking the internal temperature to the internal pressure during an adiabatic transformation of the fluid and, on the other hand, the temperature outside the mounted assembly serving as a basis for the heat exchange of the fluid of the fluidic cavity with the environment outside the mounted assembly through a heat exchange coefficient.This heat exchange coefficient takes into account the thermal characteristics of the assembled assembly. In this alternative, curve 70 illustrates the estimated evolution of the external temperature of the assembled assembly.

[0103] These changes in the internal temperature 12 and 12' of the fluid cavity of the assembled assembly begin in the preliminary phase before the first loading step of the trailer. The starting time of the first loading step of the trailer corresponds to the abscissa of point 100 which marks the beginning of the main phase. From this point 100, a rapid drop in the internal temperature of the fluid cavity is observed until point 101 where the drop in temperature stops and then increases to a certain extent. This point 101 marks the transition between the work of the fluid associated with the loading of the trailer which corresponds to a first transformation of the fluid which is similar to an adiabatic transformation and the heat exchange towards the outside which corresponds to a second transformation of the fluid. The abscissa of this point 101 corresponds to the duration T0 taking as the origin of the times the abscissa of the point 100. Thus, the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of the point 100. It precedes the main phase of the first stage of loading of the trailer which is separated into two successive phases. The first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following the loading of the trailer. The second phase 52 corresponds to a heat exchange of the fluid with the outside.During this second phase 52, a second step of loading or unloading the trailer can be initiated taking as a starting point, in terms of internal temperature, the internal temperature T measured on the curve 12 associated with this starting point. In fact, curve 12' replaces curve 12 only on the first phase 51 according to the method.

[0104] Here, we observe a difference between the recorded curve 12 and the estimated curve 12' of the internal temperature, even on the first phase 51 of the main phase, which illustrates on the one hand the inertia specific to the temperature sensor. On the other hand, the hypothesis that the evolution law linking the internal pressure to the internal temperature of the fluid during an adiabatic transformation is also perhaps overestimated. However, the trend between these curves 12 and 12' is quite similar. Finally, here we do not measure the temperature outside the assembled assembly, we determine it by extrapolation of the internal temperature of the fluid cavity in the preliminary phase, which is also a source of potential errors. This estimate corresponds to the linear line 70 in Figure 5.The heat exchange coefficient of the assembled assembly can be approximated by the sole characteristics of the tire casing initially through, for example, an estimation of the exchange surface of the tire with the external environment, which represents the external surface of the tire casing and a heat exchange coefficient X which depends on the thermal characteristics of the material properties of the tire with a distribution of the different types of heat exchange of the tire casing such as radiation, conduction and convection. This coefficient X can be estimated using the evolution of the internal temperature of the fluidic cavity in the preliminary phase, just before the main phase for example.

[0105] Fig. 6 presents the determined time evolution of the internal volume of the fluid cavity. Here, this time evolution, represented by the curve, is the output of the calculation of the volume variation by the proposed differential equation, also taking into account the thermal equilibrium with the external environment on the first stage of loading the trailer before any other stage of loading or unloading of the trailer.

[0106] This evolution of the internal volume 13 of the fluid cavity of the assembled assembly begins in the preliminary phase before loading the trailer. The time of the start of the first stage of loading the trailer corresponds to the abscissa of point 100 which marks the start of the main phase. From this point 100, a rapid increase in the internal temperature of the fluid cavity is observed up to point 101 where the temperature rise slows down considerably and then stabilizes to a certain extent. This point 101 marks the transition between the work of the fluid associated with the first stage of loading the trailer, which is similar to an adiabatic transformation, and the heat exchange towards the outside, which corresponds to a second transformation of the fluid. The abscissa of this point 101 corresponds to the duration T0, taking the abscissa of point 100 as the origin of the times. Thus, the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of point 100.It precedes the main phase which is separated into two successive phases by loading or unloading step. The first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following the loading of the trailer. The second phase 52 corresponds to a thermal exchange of the fluid with the exterior. During this second phase 52, a second step of loading or unloading of the trailer can be initiated having as a starting point, in terms of volume of the fluid cavity, the volume of the fluid cavity estimated on the curve 13 associated with this starting point.

[0107] It is noted that at the end of phase 51, a good estimate of the volume variation of the mounted assembly is obtained, which clearly shows that the work generated by the load variation subjected to the mounted assembly occurs mainly during phase 51. The variations or oscillations observed correspond to the fluctuations of the transient phase corresponding to thermal equilibrium. Therefore, the method described here produces a continuous measurement of the temporal load variation of the mounted assembly in the time domain.

[0108] Fig. 7 shows the time evolution of the load variation applied to a mounted assembly equipped with the electronic device. The observed time frame corresponds to the first stage of loading the trailer. Here, this time evolution, represented by Curve 14 is the output of the calculation of the volume variation by the proposed differential equation which is multiplied by the flattening rigidity of the assembled assembly. Here, the rigidity taken is that which is locally identified at the level of the initial pressure of the assembled assembly, of the initial load applied to the assembled assembly and corresponding to the initial temperature. We could have taken into account the global rigidity, from the origin, defined by the proposed formula which would already have given a good order of magnitude.

[0109] This evolution of the load variation 14 carried by the mounted assembly begins in the preliminary phase before loading the trailer. The time of the start of the first stage of loading the trailer corresponds to the abscissa of point 100 which marks the start of the main phase. We then observe from this point 100 a rapid drop in the load up to point 101 where the drop slows down considerably and then stabilizes to a certain extent. This point 101 marks the transition between the work of the fluid associated with loading the trailer which corresponds to a first transformation of the fluid which is similar to an adiabatic transformation and the heat exchange towards the outside which corresponds to a second transformation of the fluid. The abscissa of this point 101 corresponds to the duration T0 taking as the origin of the times the abscissa of point 100. Thus, the preliminary phase 50 ends at the abscissa of point 100.It precedes the main phase which is separated into two successive phases by loading stage. The first phase 51 is similar to an adiabatic transformation of the fluid corresponding to the work of the fluid following the loading of the trailer. The second phase 52 corresponds to a thermal exchange of the fluid with the exterior until the start of a second stage of loading or unloading of the trailer or the permanent regime of the thermodynamic equilibrium of the fluid.

[0110] It is noted that at the end of phase 51, a good estimate of the load variation applied to the mounted assembly is obtained, which clearly shows that the work generated by the load variation occurs mainly during phase 51. The variations or oscillations observed correspond to the fluctuations of the transient phase corresponding to the thermal equilibrium. Therefore, the method described here produces a continuous measurement of the temporal load variation of the mounted assembly in the time domain. Curve 80 corresponds to the measurement on a ground scale of the overload applied to the mounted assembly of the trailer during the first stage of loading the trailer. In conclusion, the applied load variation is well captured by the proposed method.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy comprising a tractor vehicle and a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary, comprising the following steps: In the preliminary phase, • Equip at least one mounted assembly of the convoy in contact with the ground with at least one pressure sensor, the at least one sensor being capable of measuring the internal pressure of the fluid cavity of the mounted assembly delimited by at least one pneumatic envelope, preferably at least one mounted assembly in contact with the ground of each axle of the convoy, very preferably all the mounted assemblies in contact with the ground of the convoy; • Equip the at least one mounted assembly equipped with at least one temperature sensor, the at least one sensor being capable of measuring the internal temperature of the fluid cavity of the equipped mounted assembly; and • Determine the initial load ZI applied to at least one assembled assembly equipped with the convoy, • Determine the initial inflation pressure PI of the fluid cavity of at least one assembled assembly equipped with the convoy; • Determine the initial internal temperature Tl of the fluid cavity of at least one assembled assembly equipped with the convoy; • Evaluate the initial volume VI of the fluid cavity of at least one equipped mounted assembly using a first function comprising as parameter the volume VO of the fluid cavity of the unloaded mounted assembly inflated to the initial pressure PI and the flattening rigidity of the mounted assembly per unit volume Kp, and • Evaluate the number of moles of fluid or of the fluidic cavity of at least one assembled assembly equipped from a model taking into account the inflation pressure PI, the initial volume VI and the temperature Tl; In the main phase: • Load the trailer loading volume; • Record the internal temperature T of the fluid cavity of at least one equipped assembly; • Record the internal pressure P of the fluid cavity of at least one equipped mounted assembly; • Evaluate an intermediate volume variation AV of at least one equipped assembly using the recorded internal pressure P and the recorded internal temperature T from a fluid model in adiabatic transformation, the fluid having a perfect gas behavior; and • Estimate a load variation AZ carried by the at least one equipped mounted assembly using at least one second function, the at least one second function including as parameter the intermediate volume variation AV evaluated and the flattening rigidity of the mounted assembly per unit of volume Kp.

2. Method for estimating the variation of the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stopped according to claim 1 in which, in the preliminary phase, the method comprises a step of determining a law of evolution of the internal pressure P of the fluidic cavity from the internal temperature T during an adiabatic transformation of the fluid of the fluidic cavity of the at least one equipped, inflated and loaded mounted assembly, in the main phase, the method comprises a step of extracting the variation of internal temperature T' generated by the sole adiabatic transformation of the fluid from the recording of the internal temperature T,the method comprises a step of determining an internal pressure P' of the fluid cavity from the internal temperature T' and the evolution law determined in the preliminary phase and the step of evaluating the volume variation AV comprises a first phase where the evaluation is carried out with the determined internal pressure P' and the extracted internal temperature T' and at least a second phase where the evaluation is carried out with a part of the internal temperature T recorded outside a time frame corresponding to the extracted internal temperature variations T' and a part of the recorded internal pressure P outside said time frame., 3. Method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to claim 2 in which the extraction of the internal temperature variation T' begins when the recorded internal temperature T changes, for the first time, in variation speed and ends when the recorded internal temperature T changes in variation speed a second time or after a duration TO corresponding to the end of the adiabatic transformation of the fluid, the start of the duration TO corresponds to the first change in variation speed of the recorded internal temperature T.

4. Method for estimating the variation of the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to claim 1 in which, in the preliminary phase, the method comprises a step of determining a law of evolution of the internal temperature T of the fluid cavity from the internal pressure P during an adiabatic transformation of the fluid of the fluid cavity of the inflated and loaded inflatable system, in the main phase, the method comprises a step of extracting the variations of internal pressure P” generated by the sole adiabatic transformation of the fluid from the recording of the internal pressure P,the method comprises a step of determining an internal temperature T” of the fluid cavity of the inflatable system from the internal pressure P” and the evolution law determined in the preliminary phase and the step of evaluating the volume variation AV comprises a first phase where the evaluation is carried out with the extracted internal pressure P” and the determined internal temperature T” and at least a second phase where the evaluation is carried out with a part of the internal pressure P recorded outside a time frame of the extracted internal pressure variations P” and a part of the recorded internal temperature T outside said time frame., 5. Method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stopped according to claim 4 in which, the extraction of the variation in internal pressure P” begins when the recorded internal pressure P changes, a first time, in variation speed and ends when the recorded internal pressure P changes a second time in variation speed or at the end of a duration TO corresponding to the end of the adiabatic transformation of the fluid, the start of the duration TO corresponds to the first change in variation speed of the recorded internal pressure P.

6. Method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of claims 1 to 5 in which the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are fixed on the internal surface of the pneumatic casing of the equipped mounted assembly.

7. Method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of claims 1 to 6 in which the at least one pressure sensor operates with a resolution of less than one millibar.

8. Method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of claims 1 to 7 in which the at least one temperature sensor operates with a resolution of less than one hundredth of a degree.

9. Method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of claims 1 to 8 in which the variation in load AZ of the at least one equipped mounted assembly is estimated by a first relationship according to the following formula: [MATH 1] where K p p is the pneumatic rigidity of the assembled assembly when flattening per unit volume.

10. Method for estimating the variation in the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of claims 1 to 9 in which the variation in volume AV of at least one equipped mounted assembly is estimated by solving the following differential equation: [MATH 2] , And With [MATH 3] where P is the internal pressure, V is the internal volume and T is the internal temperature of the fluid cavity.

11. Method for estimating the variation of the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a stationary convoy comprising the method for estimating the variation of the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of claims 1 to 10 in which, in the preliminary phase, at least one assembly mounted in contact with the ground of each axle of the trailer, preferably each assembly mounted in contact with the ground of each axle of the trailer, and at least one assembly mounted in contact with the ground of at least one axle of the towing vehicle, preferably at least one mounted assembly of each axle of the towing vehicle, are equipped and the method comprises a step of determining a first load distribution on each axle of the towing vehicle, preferably on each mounted assembly of the towing vehicle,associated with the application of an additional load exerted at a coupling point M of the towing vehicle not coupled to the trailer, in the main phase, the method comprises a step of estimating the load variation AZ carried by each mounted assembly of each axle of the towing vehicle using the load variation AZ carried by the at least one mounted assembly equipped with the at least one axle of the towing vehicle and the first load distribution associated with the application of an additional load at the coupling point M,the method comprises a step of estimating the load variation AZ applied to the coupling point M of the towing vehicle comprising the estimated load variation of each mounted assembly of the towing vehicle and the method comprises a step of determining the load variation carried by the trailer comprising the load variations carried by at least one mounted assembly in contact with the ground of each axle of the trailer and the estimated load variation AZ applied to the coupling point M of the trailer., 12. Method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy comprising the method for estimating the variation of the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of the claims 1 to 10, the method is characterized in that the method comprises a step of estimating the load Z carried by the at least one equipped mounted assembly using the load variation AZ carried by the at least one equipped mounted assembly and determining the initial load ZI of the at least one equipped mounted assembly.

13. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to one of claims 1 to 10 and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary according to claim 11 and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary according to claim 12 comprising: • a towing vehicle (2001a), equipped with at least one mounted assembly (2006) equipped with an electronic device (2007) on at least one axle of the towing vehicle (2001a); • a trailer (2001b), provided with at least one mounted assembly (2006) equipped with an electronic device (2007) on each axle of the trailer (2001b); • the electronic device (2007) comprising at least one pressure sensor, at least one temperature sensor, at least one electronic chip, at least one memory space capable of recording the signals from the sensors, and at least one first radiofrequency communication means (2101) at least in transmission, the electronic device (2007) being located on the internal surface of the pneumatic casing of the mounted assembly (2006); • at least one means of calculation (2002); and • at least one display means (2003) comprising at least one second radiofrequency communication means (2102) at least in reception 14. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the volume for loading the trailer of a stationary convoy according to claim 13 in which the system (2000) comprises an analysis means (2004) capable of analyzing a result output from the at least one calculation means (2002).

15. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stopped and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stopped and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stopped according to one of claims 13 to 14 wherein the at least one calculation means (2002) comprises at least one third radiofrequency transmission / reception communication means (2103).

16. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stopped and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stopped and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stopped according to claim 15 wherein the at least one analysis means (2004) comprises at least a fourth radiofrequency transmission / reception communication means (2104) 17. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary according to one of claims 13 to 16 wherein the system (2000) comprises at least one reading means (2005) capable of at least reading data contained in the at least one memory space of the electronic device (2007) comprising at least a fifth radiofrequency communication means (2105) at least in reception.

18. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary according to one of claims 13 to 17 wherein part of the communication carried out by the communication means (2101, 2102, 2103, 2104, 2105) from and to the elements included in the group comprising the electronic device (2007), the at least one calculation means (2002), the at least one means display (2003),the at least one analysis means (2004) and the at least one reading means (2005) are carried out by UHF radiofrequency waves, preferably in BLE (Bluetooth Low Emission)., 19. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary according to one of claims 13 to 18 wherein the at least one display means (2003) is included in the group comprising, a telephone, a computer, a human-machine interface located on the trailer (2001b) and / or the towing vehicle (2001a), preferably located on the instrument cluster of the towing vehicle (2001a).

20. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a stationary convoy and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a stationary convoy according to one of claims 13 to 19 in which a part of the at least one reading means (2005) is located on the trailer (2001b) and the towing vehicle (2001a).

21. System (2000) for implementing the method for estimating the variation in load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a trailer generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary and / or for implementing the method for estimating the load carried by a mounted assembly of a convoy (2001) generated by the loading of the loading volume of the trailer of a convoy when stationary according to one of claims 13 to 20 in which a part of the at least one calculation means (2002) and / or a part of the at least one analysis means (2004) is located on the convoy (2001), preferably located on the mounted assembly (2006).

Images