Systems and methods for managing QUIC traffic
The system addresses the challenge of managing QUIC traffic in 5G NR networks by using traffic filtering information and enhanced steering rules to direct QUIC traffic efficiently, optimizing edge computing resources and meeting QoS and latency requirements.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/125727
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing systems struggle to efficiently manage and route Quick User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Internet Connection (QUIC) traffic in 5G New Radio (5G NR) networks, particularly in edge computing scenarios where specific quality of service (QoS) and latency requirements need to be met.
A system and method where a wireless communication node stores and updates traffic filtering information that includes a QUIC connection identifier, allowing it to identify and direct specific QUIC traffic for processing or routing according to enhanced traffic steering rules, which incorporate QUIC connection and stream information.
This approach enables efficient steering of QUIC traffic to edge servers, optimizing computing and storage resource orchestration per QUIC stream, thereby improving service delivery and meeting specific QoS and latency requirements.
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Figure CN2023125727_24042025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MANAGING QUIC TRAFFICTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for managing quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic.BACKGROUND
[0002] The standardization organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently in the process of specifying a new Radio Interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) as well as a Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC) . The 5G NR will have three main components: a 5G Access Network (5G-AN) , a 5G Core Network (5GC) , and a User Equipment (UE) . In order to facilitate the enablement of different data services and requirements, the elements of the 5GC, also called Network Functions, have been simplified with some of them being software based, and some being hardware based, so that they could be adapted according to need.SUMMARY
[0003] The example embodiments disclosed herein are directed to solving the issues relating to one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as providing additional features that will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings. In accordance with various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices and computer program products are disclosed herein. It is understood, however, that these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art who read the present disclosure that various modifications to the disclosed embodiments can be made while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.
[0004] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium of the following. A wireless communication node (e.g., a wireless communication node of a radio access network (RAN) , a base station (BS) , or a gNB) may store (e.g., hold, cache, maintain) traffic filtering information that includes an identifier of a quick user datagram protocol internet connection (QUIC) connection. The wireless communication node may identify (e.g., select from received traffic) a portion of data traffic according to the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection. In some embodiments, the wireless communication node may receive the traffic filtering information (e.g., traffic rules) from an application function (AF) . The traffic filtering information may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. The wireless communication node may establish / set / update the traffic filtering information (e.g., traffic rules) that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection.
[0005] In some embodiments, the wireless communication node may obtain / access / receive edge application server (EAS) deployment information from an edge application server (EAS) management function. The wireless communication node may obtain / access / receive EAS runtime information from the EAS management function. The wireless communication node may determine / update the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection, according to at least one of: the EAS deployment information or the EAS runtime information. In some embodiments, the EAS deployment information may comprise an indication of at least one of: an address of an EAS, at least one service provided by the EAS, at least one computing resource associated with the EAS, or at least one storage resource associated with the EAS.
[0006] In some embodiments, the EAS runtime information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a load / workload (e.g., utilized capacity, or remaining capacity) of an EAS, or a change in status or state of the EAS. The EAS management function can be part of the wireless communication node. In some embodiments, the EAS management function can be separate from and in communication with the wireless communication node.
[0007] In some embodiments, the wireless communication node may receive the data traffic from a wireless communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) or the AF. The wireless communication node may direct the portion of the data traffic identified according to the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection, for specific processing (e.g., to meet specific quality of service (QoS) , latency requirements) or on a specific routing path (e.g., steering to meet specific QoS, latency requirements) . In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may encapsulate / incorporate / include / carry the portion of the data traffic in at least one QUIC packet. The QUIC packet including header information may include at least one of: the identifier of the QUIC connection, or information of a traffic stream in the QUIC connection.
[0008] In some embodiments, the traffic filtering information may further include information of a traffic stream in the QUIC connection. The traffic stream can be one of a plurality of traffic streams in the QUIC connection. The information of a traffic stream may comprise at least one of: (i) an identifier of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection (e.g., a QUIC stream ID) , (ii) information to identify a type of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection, or (iii) information to identify a flow requirement of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered limiting of the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates an example cellular communication network in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0011] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example base station and a user equipment device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0012] FIG. 3 illustrates an example architecture in a 5G / communication system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0013] FIG. 4 illustrates an example architecture in a 5G / communication system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0014] FIG. 5 illustrates an example architecture in a 5G / communication system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0015] FIG. 6 illustrates a sequence diagram illustrating management / processing of quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 7 illustrates a sequence diagram illustrating management / processing of quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 8 illustrates a sequence diagram illustrating management / processing of quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0018] FIG. 9 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method for management / processing of quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment
[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network, and / or system, 100 in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) network, and is herein referred to as “network 100. ” Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter “BS 102” ; also referred to as wireless communication node) and a user equipment device 104 (hereinafter “UE 104” ; also referred to as wireless communication device) that can communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel) , and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 overlaying a geographical area 101. In FIG. 1, the BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within a respective geographic boundary of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 may include at least one base station operating at its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate radio coverage to its intended users.
[0021] For example, the BS 102 may operate at an allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to the UE 104. The BS 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a downlink radio frame 118, and an uplink radio frame 124 respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into sub-frames 120 / 127 which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, the BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of “communication nodes, ” generally, which can practice the methods disclosed herein. Such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communications, in accordance with various embodiments of the present solution.
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) in accordance with some embodiments of the present solution. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) data symbols in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment 100 of FIG. 1, as described above.
[0023] System 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter “BS 202” ) and a user equipment device 204 (hereinafter “UE 204” ) . The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 220. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 240. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for transmission of data as described herein.
[0024] As would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, system 200 may further include any number of modules other than the modules shown in FIG. 2. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software can depend upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those familiar with the concepts described herein may implement such functionality in a suitable manner for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
[0025] In accordance with some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 that includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuitry that is coupled to the antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in time duplex fashion. Similarly, in accordance with some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 that includes a RF transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuity that is coupled to the antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in time duplex fashion. The operations of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operations of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is close time synchronization with a minimal guard time between changes in duplex direction.
[0026] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via the wireless data communication link 250, and cooperate with a suitably configured RF antenna arrangement 212 / 232 that can support a particular wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards, and the like. It is understood, however, that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited in application to a particular standard and associated protocols. Rather, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternate, or additional, wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.
[0027] In accordance with various embodiments, the BS 202 may be an evolved node B (eNB) , a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto station, or a pico station, for example. In some embodiments, the UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user devices such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , tablet, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. The processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented, or realized, with a general purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this manner, a processor may be realized as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, or the like. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.
[0028] Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module executed by processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 216 and 234 may be realized as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 may be coupled to the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, such that the processors modules 210 and 230 can read information from, and write information to, memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. The memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, the memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.
[0029] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of the base station 202 that enable bi-directional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communication with the base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support internet or WiMAX traffic. In a typical deployment, without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface such that base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a conventional Ethernet based computer network. In this manner, the network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connection to the computer network (e.g., Mobile Switching Center (MSC) ) . The terms “configured for, ” “configured to” and conjugations thereof, as used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.
[0030] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model (referred to herein as, “open system interconnection model” ) is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems (e.g., wireless communication device, wireless communication node) open to interconnection and communication with other systems. The model is broken into seven subcomponents, or layers, each of which represents a conceptual collection of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI Model also defines a logical network and effectively describes computer packet transfer by using different layer protocols. The OSI Model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI Model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, a first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, a second layer may be a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, a third layer may be a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, a fourth layer may be a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, a fifth layer may be a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, a sixth layer may be a Non Access Stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer being the other layer.
[0031] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present solution. As would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications to the examples described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present solution. Thus, the present solution is not limited to the example embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Additionally, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein are merely example approaches. Based upon design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps of the disclosed methods or processes can be re-arranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Thus, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or acts in a sample order, and the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0032] 2. Systems and Methods for Orchestration Computing Power per Quick User Datagram Protocol International Connection (QUIC) traffic
[0033] Edge computing may facilitate the hosting of operator and third-party services in close proximity to a user equipment's (UE’s) point of attachment. This setup may optimize service delivery by minimizing end-to-end latency and reducing load on a transport network. Edge application can be deployed close to a RAN and can be connected to a data plane of the RAN. Therefore, a traffic steering treatment on a RAN can be performed.
[0034] A quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) protocol is a rapidly developing approach to setup international connection between two end points. The QUIC protocol is regarded as the next generation protocol used for HTTP, e.g., to be used to replace existing TCP+TLS+HTTP protocol. QUIC can be a connection-oriented protocol that creates a stateful interaction between a client and a server. A QUIC connection ID can be an identifier that is used to identify a QUIC connection at an endpoint. QUIC connections may not be strictly bound to a single network path. A connection migration may use connection identifiers to allow connections to transfer to a new network path. Furthermore, a QUIC stream can be a unidirectional or bidirectional channel of ordered bytes within a QUIC connection. A QUIC connection can carry multiple streams simultaneously. A QUIC stream can be identified within a QUIC connection by a stream ID of the QUIC stream. As per the service requirement, multiple service flows (e.g., an audio flow, a video flow, a data flow, a simple data flow can be sent / directed to a remote access stratum (AS) , and / or a complex data flow may undergo pre-processing before being sent to the remote AS) between two QUIC connection endpoints (e.g., the UE and the remote AS) may be placed in different streams of one QUIC connection.
[0035] Furthermore, in addition to multiplexing at QUIC stream level, a QUIC protocol may allow multiplexing at QUIC connection level on top of same IP 5-tuple. A typical use case can be: different QUIC connections may be established between two endpoints using same IP 5-tuple, and each QUIC connection may carry a respective type of media component. For example, a user terminal may establish multiple QUIC connections with the user terminal’s server. All QUIC connections with different QUIC connection IDs may share the same IP 5-tuple while one QUIC connection is used to carry low data rate low latency content (e.g., messages, audio stream) and another QUIC connection is used to carry high data rate content with high latency tolerance (e.g., video stream) .
[0036] To enable the network to steer QUIC traffic to the edge application deployed closed / proximate to the RAN, the present disclosure provides a method of using enhanced traffic steering rules / models which provide the correlation between QUIC traffic and traffic routing information to make the RAN recognize various QUIC traffic components in QUIC connections. As a result, the proposed method can efficiently forward a specific component of QUIC traffic to the target edge server in the DN.
[0037] FIG. 3 illustrates an example architecture in a 5G / communication system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example architecture, there can be the following functions.
[0038] 1) UE: user equipment.
[0039] 2) RAN: radio access network.
[0040] 3) AMF: access and mobility management function. This function may include at least one of following functionalities: a registration management, a connection management, or a reachability management and mobility management. This function may also perform the access authentication and access authorization. The AMF can be the NAS security termination, and can relay the SM NAS between a UE and a SMF. The AMF may also perform SMF selection function during a PDU session establishment procedure and / or UE mobility procedure.
[0041] 4) SMF: session management function. This function may include at least one of following functionalities: a session establishment, a modification and release, a UE IP address allocation &management (e.g., including optional authorization functions) , a selection and control of UP function, or a downlink data notification. The SMF service area can be the collection of UPF service areas of all UPFs which can be controlled / managed / served by a SMF.
[0042] 5) UPF: user plane function. This function may include at least one of following functionalities: a serving as an anchor point for intra- / inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility, a packet routing and forwarding, a traffic usage reporting, a QoS handling for the user plane, or a downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering. The UPF service area can be an area comprising one or more tracking area (s) within which PDU session associated with the UPF can be served by RAN nodes via a N3 interface between the RAN and the UPF without need to add a new UPF in between or to remove / re-allocate the UPF. The A-UPF can be the anchor UPF which is kept unchanged during the UE mobility. The I-UPF can be inserted / relocated when the UE moves outside of the A-UPF service area. The I-UPF may use a N3 tunnel to connect with RAN and may use a N9 tunnel to connect with A-UPF. The I-UPF may also provide traffic offloading function to route the identified uplink traffic to a local data network.
[0043] 6) PCF: policy control function. The PCF may provide policy rules to control plane functions to enforce the rules. Specifically, the PCF may provide an access and mobility related policy to the AMF. The AMF may enforce the policy during a mobility procedure. The PCF may provide a UE access selection and PDU session selection related policy (UE policy) to the AMF. The AMF may forward the policies to the UE. The PCF may provide a session management related policy to the SMF and the SMF may enforce the policy. The PCF can be deployed in a distributed manner and each PCF may support different functions in the same public land mobile network (PLMN) .
[0044] 7) UDR: unified data repository. The UDR can support the storage and retrieval of subscription data by the UDM, storage and retrieval of structured data for exposure, application data (e.g., including packet flow descriptions (PFDs) for application detection, AF request information for multiple UEs) , storage and retrieval of NF group ID corresponding to subscriber identifier (e.g., IP multimedia private identity (IMPI) , IP multimedia public identity (IMPU) ) . The unified data repository can be located in the same PLMN as the NF that service consumers storing in and retrieving data from the UDR using a standardized interface (e.g., Nudr) .
[0045] 8) NEF: network exposure function. The NEF may store / retrieve information as structured data using a standardized interface (e.g., Nudr) to the unified data repository (UDR) . The NEF may provide a means for the application functions to securely provide information to a network, e.g., the application influence on traffic routing information. In such case, the NEF may authenticate and authorize and assist in throttling the application functions. A specific NEF instance may support one or more of the functionalities and consequently an individual NEF may support a subset of the APIs specified for capability exposure. The NEF can access the UDR located in the same PLMN as the NEF.
[0046] 9) AF: application function. The AF may interact with a core network in order to provide services, for example, to support application influence on traffic routing. Based on operator deployment, application functions considered to be trusted by the operator can be allowed to interact directly with relevant network functions. Application functions not allowed by the operator to access directly the network functions can use the external exposure framework via the NEF to interact with relevant network functions.
[0047] 10) EAS: edge application server.
[0048] In some embodiments, the traffic steering rule may include a traffic filter which can be used to select the traffic to be forwarded and traffic routing information. The traffic filter definition may include at least one of the following.
[0049] - Direction (e.g., in or out) . The direction "in" may refer to uplink IP flows, and the direction "out" may refer to downlink IP flows.
[0050] - Source and destination IP address (possibly masked) .
[0051] - Protocol.
[0052] - Source and destination port.
[0053] Such traffic filter definition may apply traffic detection and filtering on IP 5-tuple level, which is not sufficient to support the differentiation of QUIC traffic especially in the case that different QUIC connections share a same IP 5-tuple. Due to the growing amount of QUIC traffic, more requirements can arise to support steering of particular QUIC traffic to a special / certain routing path, especially in edge computing scenario, per QUIC connection and furthermore, per QUIC stream.
[0054] With the deployment of edge computing, distributed computing / storing power nodes can be deployed in the network. Sharing these computing and storage resources across various nodes may represent a growing trend in distributed edge networks. As part of this evolution, there is potential to enhance the handling of QUIC traffic efficiently, thereby improving the orchestration efficiency of computing and storage resources per QUIC stream, which can be seen as an upgrade of the per-QUIC connection approach.
[0055] Implementation Example 0
[0056] In the present disclosure, a QUIC connection ID and optionally stream information (e.g., (i) QUIC connection ID; or (ii) QUIC connection ID and QUIC stream information) can be added to a traffic filter of a traffic steering rule when an application supports QUIC protocol. The main principle of the present disclosure may include at least one of the following.
[0057] - Direction (e.g., in or out) . The direction "in" may refer to uplink IP flows, and the direction "out" may refer to downlink IP flows.
[0058] - Source and destination IP address (possibly masked) .
[0059] - Protocol (e.g., QUIC) .
[0060] - Source and destination port.
[0061] - QUIC connection ID.
[0062] - QUIC stream information.
[0063] Furthermore, information of QUIC streams within the QUIC connection can be added to QUIC data packet head.
[0064] Stream information can be / include information to identify a type of QUIC streams (e.g., audio, or video) , or to identify the requirement of the QUIC flow (e.g., flow needed local offload, or flow needed specific computing power or other resource (s) ) . The stream information can carry the QUIC stream ID of the main stream within the QUIC connection.
[0065] Implementation Example 1
[0066] FIG. 6 illustrates a sequence diagram illustrating orchestration computing power per quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The call flows in FIG. 6 shows that an AF sends requests with traffic steering rule (s) . For example, one or more of the requests may each include a QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information to influence RAN steering of particular data traffic.
[0067] Step 1: A session that supports the QUIC protocol can be established. A user equipment (UE) and an application function (AF) / application server (AS) may set / establish / determine / assign QUIC connection IDs and stream IDs for each side of the communication. The QUIC connection IDs can be unique identifiers assigned to each end / connection / link of the communication session. The QUIC connection IDs may help in distinguishing and managing multiple connections. . The stream IDs can be used to differentiate individual data streams within a QUIC connection. In a single QUIC connection, multiple data streams can be established for concurrent communication.
[0068] Step 2: A wireless communication node (e.g., a RAN) may receive traffic filtering information from the AF / AS. The traffic filtering information may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. For example, the AF may send traffic steering rules including traffic filtering information and may forward target information to the RAN. The traffic filtering information may include a QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information.
[0069] Step 3: The RAN may store / cache / maintain / hold traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. The RAN may identify (e.g., select from received traffic) a portion of data traffic according to the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. For example, the RAN may store the received traffic steering rules.
[0070] In some embodiments, the UE may encapsulate / carry / incorporate data in QUIC traffic, optionally including stream information in the data packet header. The UE may send the encapsulated data to the RAN. When the RAN receives the data traffic, the RAN may select data traffic based on the traffic filtering information extended with the QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information. The RAN may forward / route / steer / direct the data traffic to a target node / function according to the traffic steering rules.
[0071] Implementation Example 2
[0072] FIG. 7 illustrates a sequence diagram illustrating management / processing of (e.g., steering of or orchestration of computing / storage resource specific to each component of) quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The following call flows in FIG. 7 shows that a RAN sets / selects traffic steering rule (s) based on received information from outside edge application server (EAS) management to influence steering of data traffic. For example, the traffic steering rule may include a QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information.
[0073] Step 0: An EAS management function may provide EAS deployment information to a RAN. The RAN may keep / store / maintain the EAS deployment information (e.g., in at least one storage device or server accessible by the RAN) . The EAS deployment information may comprise an indication of at least one of: an address of an EAS, at least one service provided by the EAS, at least one computing resource associated with the EAS, or at least one storage resource associated with the EAS. The computing / storing power resource (s) can be provided by the nodes / functions where the EAS deployed. In some embodiments, the EAS management function can be separate from and in communication with the wireless communication node (e.g., a RAN) .
[0074] Step 1: A session that supports the QUIC protocol can be established. A user equipment (UE) and the EAS management function may set / establish / determine / assign QUIC connection IDs and / or stream IDs for the QUIC connections and / or QUIC streams initiated from their side (e.g., the UE or the EAS management) . The QUIC connection IDs can be unique identifiers assigned to each end / connection of the communication session. The QUIC connection IDs may help in distinguishing and managing multiple connections. The stream IDs can be used to differentiate individual data streams within a QUIC connection. In a single QUIC connection, multiple data streams can be established for concurrent communication.
[0075] Step 2: The RAN may establish the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection. For example, the RAN may set / define / specify / establish traffic steering rules including traffic filtering information and forwarding target information. The traffic filtering information may include a QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information.
[0076] Step 3: The RAN may store / maintain / cache traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. The RAN may identify (e.g., select from received traffic) a portion of data traffic according to the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. For example, the RAN may store the received traffic steering rules.
[0077] In some embodiments, the UE may encapsulate / carry / include / incorporate data in QUIC traffic, optionally including stream information in the data packet header. The UE may send the encapsulated data to the RAN. When the RAN receives the data traffic, the RAN may select data traffic based on the traffic filtering information extended with the QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information. The RAN may forward / steer / direct / route the data traffic to a target node / function according to the traffic steering rules.
[0078] Step 4: The EAS management function may collect EAS run-time information. The EAS runtime information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a load / workload of an EAS, or a change in status or state of the EAS. For example, the EAS run-time information may include: EAS workload, or EAS status changes (going to present an error due to internal bug, going to stop / terminate / halt due to software update, recovery from error) .
[0079] Step 5: The EAS management function may provide the EAS run-time information to the RAN. In some embodiments, the RAN may obtain / access / receive EAS deployment information from the EAS management function. In some embodiments, the RAN may obtain the EAS runtime information from the EAS management function. Please note that there are no specific requirements regarding the sequence between step 1 and steps 4 or 5. These steps can occur in any order or in parallel or overlap in time, without a predetermined sequence.
[0080] Step 6: The RAN may determine / update the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection, according to at least one of: the EAS deployment information or the EAS runtime information. For example, the RAN may decide to update traffic steering rules and may subsequently store the updated traffic steering rules.
[0081] When the RAN receives the data traffic, the RAN may select / identify / filter data traffic based on the traffic filtering information extended with the QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information. The RAN may selectively forward / steer / route the data traffic information to a target node / function according to the traffic steering rules.
[0082] Implementation Example 3
[0083] FIG. 8 illustrates a sequence diagram illustrating orchestration computing power per quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The call flows in FIG. 8 shows that a RAN sets / selects traffic steering rule based on EAS information to influence steering of data traffic. For example, the traffic steering rule may include a QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information. In such case, the RAN can support / include the EAS management function and can set / establish / select traffic steering rules, without requiring assistance from external management functions. The EAS management function can be part of the wireless communication node (e.g., a RAN) .
[0084] Step 0: A RAN may obtain EAS deployment information and may keep / determine EAS deployment information to the RAN. The EAS deployment information may include EAS address (es) , services provided by the EAS, and / or computing / storing power resource provided by the nodes where the EAS deployed.
[0085] Step 1: A session that supports the QUIC protocol can be established. A user equipment (UE) and an EAS management function may set / establish / determine / assign QUIC connection IDs and stream IDs for each side of the communication. The QUIC connection IDs can be unique identifiers assigned to each end of the communication session. The QUIC connection IDs may help in distinguishing and managing multiple connections. The stream IDs can be used to differentiate individual data streams within a QUIC connection. In a single QUIC connection, multiple data streams can be established for concurrent communication.
[0086] Step 2: The RAN may establish the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection. For example, the RAN may set traffic steering rules including traffic filtering information and forwarding target information. The traffic filtering information may include a QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information.
[0087] Step 3: The RAN may store traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. The RAN may identify (e.g., select from received traffic) a portion of data traffic according to the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. For example, the RAN may store the received traffic steering rules.
[0088] In some embodiments, the UE may encapsulate / incorporate / include data in QUIC traffic optionally including stream information in the data packet header. The UE may send the encapsulated data to the RAN. When the RAN receives the data traffic, the RAN may select / identify data traffic based on the traffic filtering information extended with the QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information. The RAN may selectively forward / steer / route the data traffic information to a target node / function according to the traffic steering rules.
[0089] Step 4: The RAN may collect EAS run-time information. The EAS runtime information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a workload of an EAS, or a change in status or state of the EAS. For example, the EAS run-time information may include: EAS load / workload, or EAS status changes (going to present an error due to internal bug, going to stop / terminate due to software update, recovery from error) . Please note that there are no specific requirements regarding the sequence between step 1 and 4. These steps can occur in any order or in parallel or overlap in time, without a predetermined sequence.
[0090] Step 5: The RAN may determine / update the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection, according to at least one of: the EAS deployment information or the EAS runtime information. For example, the RAN may decide to update traffic steering rules and may subsequently store the updated traffic steering rules.
[0091] When the RAN receives the data traffic, the RAN may select data traffic based on the traffic filtering information extended with the QUIC connection ID and optionally QUIC stream information. The RAN may forward the data traffic information to a target node / function according to the traffic steering rules.
[0092] It should be understood that one or more features from the above / following implementation examples are not exclusive to the specific implementation examples, but can be combined in any manner (e.g., in any priority and / or order, concurrently or otherwise) .
[0093] FIG. 9 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 900 for managing (e.g., orchestration of computing power or storage resource, specific to each component of) quick user datagram protocol (UDP) international connection (QUIC) traffic. The method 900 may be implemented using any one or more of the components and devices detailed herein in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 8. In overview, the method 900 may be performed by a wireless communication node (e.g., a wireless communication node of a radio access network (RAN) , a base station (BS) , or a gNB) , in some embodiments. Additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in the method 900 depending on the embodiment. At least one aspect of the operations is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium.
[0094] A wireless communication node (e.g., a wireless communication node of a radio access network (RAN) , a base station (BS) , or a gNB) may store traffic filtering information that includes an identifier of a quick user datagram protocol internet connection (QUIC) connection. The wireless communication node may identify (e.g., select from received traffic) a portion of data traffic according to the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection. In some embodiments, the wireless communication node may receive the traffic filtering information (e.g., traffic rules) from an application function (AF) . The traffic filtering information may include the identifier of the QUIC connection. The wireless communication node may establish / set the traffic filtering information (e.g., traffic rules) that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection.
[0095] In some embodiments, the wireless communication node may obtain / access / receive edge application server (EAS) deployment information from an edge application server (EAS) management function. The wireless communication node may obtain EAS runtime information from the EAS management function. The wireless communication node may determine / update the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection, according to at least one of: the EAS deployment information or the EAS runtime information. In some embodiments, the EAS deployment information may comprise an indication of at least one of: an address of an EAS, at least one service provided by the EAS, at least one computing resource associated with the EAS, or at least one storage resource associated with the EAS.
[0096] In some embodiments, the EAS runtime information may comprise an indication of at least one of: a load / workload of an EAS, or a change in status or state of the EAS. The EAS management function can be part of the wireless communication node. In some embodiments, the EAS management function can be separate from and in communication with the wireless communication node.
[0097] In some embodiments, the wireless communication node may receive the data traffic from a wireless communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) or the AF. The wireless communication node may direct the portion of the data traffic identified according to the traffic filtering information that may include the identifier of the QUIC connection, for specific processing (e.g., to meet specific quality of service (QoS) , latency requirements) or on a specific routing path (e.g., steering to meet specific QoS, latency requirements) . In some embodiments, the wireless communication device may encapsulate / incorporate / include the portion of the data traffic in at least one QUIC packet. The QUIC packet including header information may include at least one of: the identifier of the QUIC connection, or information of a traffic stream in the QUIC connection.
[0098] In some embodiments, the traffic filtering information may further include information of a traffic stream in the QUIC connection. The traffic stream can be one of a plurality of traffic streams in the QUIC connection. The information of a traffic stream may comprise at least one of: (i) an identifier of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection (e.g., a QUIC stream ID) , (ii) information to identify a type of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection, or (iii) information to identify a flow requirement of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection.
[0099] While various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Likewise, the various diagrams may depict an example architectural or configuration, which are provided to enable persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand example features and functions of the present solution. Such persons would understand, however, that the solution is not restricted to the illustrated example architectures or configurations, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. Additionally, as would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, one or more features of one embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described illustrative embodiments.
[0100] It is also understood that any reference to an element herein using a designation such as "first, " "second, " and so forth does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. Rather, these designations can be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, a reference to first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some manner.
[0101] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits and symbols, for example, which may be referenced in the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0102] A person of ordinary skill in the art would further appreciate that any of the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., a digital implementation, an analog implementation, or a combination of the two) , firmware, various forms of program or design code incorporating instructions (which can be referred to herein, for convenience, as "software" or a "software module) , or any combination of these techniques. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware or software, or a combination of these techniques, depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans can implement the described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions do not cause a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0103] Furthermore, a person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that various illustrative logical blocks, modules, devices, components and circuits described herein can be implemented within or performed by an integrated circuit (IC) that can include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logical blocks, modules, and circuits can further include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within the network or within the device. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration to perform the functions described herein.
[0104] If implemented in software, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Thus, the steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer program or code from one place to another. A storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
[0105] In this document, the term "module" as used herein, refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the associated functions described herein. Additionally, for purpose of discussion, the various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according embodiments of the present solution.
[0106] Additionally, memory or other storage, as well as communication components, may be employed in embodiments of the present solution. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described embodiments of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains may be used without detracting from the present solution. For example, functionality illustrated to be performed by separate processing logic elements, or controllers, may be performed by the same processing logic element, or controller. Hence, references to specific functional units are only references to a suitable means for providing the described functionality, rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.
[0107] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as recited in the claims below.
Claims
1.A method comprising:storing, by a wireless communication node, traffic filtering information that includes an identifier of a quick user datagram protocol internet connection (QUIC) connection; andidentifying, by the wireless communication node, a portion of data traffic according to the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection.2.The method of claim 1, comprising one of:receiving, by the wireless communication node from an application function (AF) , the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection; orestablishing, by the wireless communication node, the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection.3.The method of claim 2, comprising at least one of:obtaining, by the wireless communication node from an edge application server (EAS) management function, EAS deployment information;obtaining, by the wireless communication node from the EAS management function, EAS runtime information; ordetermining or updating, by the wireless communication node, the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection, according to at least one of: the EAS deployment information or the EAS runtime information.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the EAS deployment information comprises an indication of at least one of: an address of an EAS, at least one service provided by the EAS, at least one computing resource associated with the EAS, or at least one storage resource associated with the EAS.5.The method of claim 3, wherein the EAS runtime information comprises an indication of at least one of: a workload of an EAS, or a change in status or state of the EAS.6.The method of claim 2, wherein the EAS management function is part of the wireless communication node.7.The method of claim 2, wherein the EAS management function is separate from and in communication with the wireless communication node.8.The method of claim 1, comprising:receiving, by the wireless communication node, the data traffic from a wireless communication device or the AF; anddirecting, by the wireless communication node, the portion of the data traffic identified according to the traffic filtering information that includes the identifier of the QUIC connection, for specific processing or on a specific routing path.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the wireless communication device encapsulates the portion of the data traffic in at least one QUIC packet, the QUIC packet including header information that includes at least one of: the identifier of the QUIC connection, or information of a traffic stream in the QUIC connection.10.The method of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the traffic filtering information further includes information of a traffic stream in the QUIC connection.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the traffic stream is one of a plurality of traffic streams in the QUIC connection.12.The method of claim 10, wherein the information of a traffic stream comprises at least one of: (i) an identifier of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection, (ii) information to identify a type of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection, or (iii) information to identify a flow requirement of the traffic stream in the QUIC connection.13.A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 12.14.An apparatus comprising:at least one processor configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 12.
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