Data transmission method and apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are a data transmission method and apparatus, and a storage medium, which are used for increasing the utilization rate of air interface resources while ensuring accurate and efficient transmission of data. The method comprises: a terminal device sending a first message to an access network device, wherein the first message is used for requesting the access network device to allocate to the terminal device a transmission resource for transmitting a packet to be transmitted, and the first message comprises feature information of said packet; the terminal device receiving a second message, which is sent by the access network device, wherein the second message is used for configuring the transmission resource; and the terminal device sending said packet to the access network device on the basis of the transmission resource.

Description

Data transmission method, device and storage medium

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on October 31, 2023, with application number 202311439006.4 and application name “Data transmission method, device and storage medium”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0003] In the existing art, when using wireless technology for industrial communication, there are many typical industrial communication protocols, such as Profinet. These industrial communication protocols are typically designed to transmit logical control information for upper-layer applications using periodic messages with a period of milliseconds or tens of milliseconds. However, in reality, the periodicity of logical control information in upper-layer applications is much longer than the periodic message transmission period of the industrial communication layer, resulting in a large number of duplicate messages in the industrial communication layer transmission.

[0004] Currently, existing industrial communication protocols typically use the same reliability assurance levels to handle valid control instructions and duplicate messages contained in these periodic messages. However, this approach results in excessive reliability assurance for duplicate messages during transmission, wasting air interface transmission resources, reducing air interface resource utilization, and increasing networking costs.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a data transmission method, device and storage medium for ensuring accurate and efficient data transmission while improving air interface resource utilization.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided, which is applied to a terminal device, and the method includes: the terminal device sends a first message to an access network device, the first message is used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device for transmitting a message to be transmitted, and the first message includes characteristic information of the message to be transmitted; the terminal device receives a second message sent by the access network device, and the second message is used to configure transmission resources; the terminal device sends the message to be transmitted to the access network device based on the transmission resources.

[0009] Based on the method of the first aspect, when a terminal device needs to send a message to be transmitted to an access network device, the terminal device may send a first message to the access network device. This first message is used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources to the terminal device for transmitting the message to be transmitted, and the first message includes characteristic information of the message to be transmitted. In this way, based on the first message, the access network device can better understand the requirements and characteristics of the message to be transmitted and accurately allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to meet the needs of the terminal device, thereby ensuring accurate and efficient transmission of the message to be transmitted while improving the utilization of air interface resources.

[0010] In one possible design, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the size of the message to be transmitted, the change of the message to be transmitted, the statistical law of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device, the service quality QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, the processing time of the message to be transmitted, and the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

[0011] Based on this possible design, the terminal device configures characteristic information of the message to be transmitted and sends it to the access network device, so that the access network device can better understand the requirements and characteristics of the message to be transmitted and accurately allocate time and frequency resources for the message to be transmitted. Specifically, the size of the message to be transmitted allows the access network device to reasonably allocate resources for the message to be transmitted, ensuring accurate transmission of the message to be transmitted; the changes in the message to be transmitted allow the access network device to dynamically schedule and manage resources based on the changes in the message to be transmitted; the statistical patterns of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device allow the access network device to analyze the patterns of the message to be transmitted arrival, pre-allocate appropriate resources, and reasonably arrange the processing and transmission time of the message to be transmitted; the quality of service (QoS) guarantee level of the message to be transmitted allows the access network device to accurately match the reliability measures for the message to be transmitted; the processing time and buffering time of the message to be transmitted allow the access network device to calculate the transmission time of the message to be transmitted in the wireless network and reduce the transmission delay and jitter of the message to be transmitted in the wireless network by performing gating, shaping, and other delay and jitter reduction processes on the message to be transmitted.

[0012] In one possible design, the change in the message to be transmitted includes the change in the size and / or content of the message to be transmitted at each preset time interval.

[0013] Based on this possible design, access network equipment can flexibly adjust resource allocation and bandwidth usage based on changes in the packets to be transmitted. If the size and content of the packets to be transmitted are relatively stable, a more stable allocation strategy can be adopted to avoid over-allocation of resources. If the size and content of the packets to be transmitted fluctuate frequently, resource and bandwidth allocation can be dynamically adjusted based on these changes to meet real-time transmission requirements.

[0014] In one possible design, the statistical law of the time it takes for a message to be transmitted to arrive at a terminal device includes at least one of the following: the average time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the maximum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, or the median of the time intervals between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device.

[0015] Based on this possible design, by counting the time intervals between transmission packets arriving at terminal devices, access network equipment can understand the time variations and distribution of transmission packets arriving at terminal devices, enabling more accurate allocation of uplink resources to terminal devices. The average time interval provides a forecast of the average level and can be used to stabilize resource allocation. The maximum and minimum time intervals provide a range of extreme conditions for transmission packets arriving at terminal devices, helping to assess resource demand and availability. The median provides the middle value of the time interval and can be used as a balancing factor for rational resource allocation and forecasting.

[0016] In one possible design, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is determined according to the content of the message to be transmitted.

[0017] Based on the above two possible designs, differentiated resource allocation can be achieved by determining the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted according to the content of the message to be transmitted.

[0018] In one possible design, when the message to be transmitted contains control instructions, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the first QoS guarantee level; when the message to be transmitted contains repeated content, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the second QoS guarantee level; the second QoS guarantee level is lower than the first QoS guarantee level.

[0019] Based on the two possible designs described above, the QoS level for messages containing control instructions is set to the first QoS level, ensuring their priority transmission and processing, which can reduce the risk of instruction loss or delay. Simultaneously, the QoS level for messages containing duplicate content is set to the second QoS level, allocating relatively fewer resources to these messages, thus avoiding resource waste.

[0020] In one possible design, the first message is carried in uplink control information UCI or media and access control element MAC CE.

[0021] Based on this possible design, different bearing media can be used to carry the first message based on different communication scenarios, thereby improving resource scheduling efficiency.

[0022] In one possible design, when the first message is carried on MAC CE, the value of the logical channel identifier LCID corresponding to the MAC CE is a reserved value.

[0023] In one possible design, the reserved value is an integer greater than 36 and less than 43.

[0024] Based on the two possible designs described above, using the reserved value can ensure that the LCID value of the MAC CE carrying the first message remains distinct from other allocated LCID values, avoiding possible misunderstandings and errors. This implements the extension of the MAC CE to carry the first message.

[0025] In one possible design, the first message is transmitted via the physical uplink control channel PUCCH or the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH.

[0026] Based on this possible design, based on different communication scenarios, you can choose to use PUCCH or PUSCH to efficiently transmit the first message to improve communication quality and user experience.

[0027] In one possible design, when the amount of information of the first message is less than a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a first format; or, when the amount of information of the first message is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a second format; wherein the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the first format is less than or equal to 14, and the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the second format is greater than 14.

[0028] In one possible design, the first format includes format 3 or format 4.

[0029] Based on the two possible designs described above, the PUCCH format used is determined by the amount of information in the first message, thereby improving PUCCH flexibility and transmission efficiency. When the amount of information in the first message is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the second PUCCH format is used. This format supports more than 14 time-domain symbols, can carry more information, and improves transmission capacity, thereby ensuring efficient transmission of large amounts of data.

[0030] In a second aspect, a data transmission method is provided, which is applied to an access network device, the method comprising: the access network device receives a first message sent by a terminal device, the first message being used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources to the terminal device for transmitting a message to be transmitted, the first message including characteristic information of the message to be transmitted; the access network device sends a second message to the terminal device, the second message being used to configure transmission resources; the access network device receives the message to be transmitted sent by the terminal device based on the transmission resources.

[0031] Based on the method of the second aspect, the access network device can determine more accurately to allocate transmission resources for transmitting the message to be transmitted to the terminal device based on the received first message containing characteristic information of the message to be transmitted, and inform the terminal device through the second message which transmission resources have been allocated to the terminal device, thereby ensuring accurate and efficient transmission of the message to be transmitted while improving the utilization rate of air interface resources.

[0032] In one possible design, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the size of the message to be transmitted, the change of the message to be transmitted, the statistical law of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device, the service quality QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, the processing time of the message to be transmitted, and the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

[0033] In one possible design, the change in the message to be transmitted includes the change in the size and / or content of the message to be transmitted at each preset time interval.

[0034] In one possible design, the statistical law of the time it takes for a message to be transmitted to arrive at a terminal device includes at least one of the following: the average time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the maximum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, or the median of the time intervals between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device.

[0035] In one possible design, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is determined according to the content of the message to be transmitted.

[0036] In one possible design, when the message to be transmitted contains control instructions, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the first QoS guarantee level; when the message to be transmitted contains repeated content, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the second QoS guarantee level; the second QoS guarantee level is lower than the first QoS guarantee level.

[0037] In one possible design, the first message is carried in uplink control information UCI or medium and access control element MAC CE.

[0038] In one possible design, when the first message is carried on MAC CE, the value of the logical channel identifier LCID corresponding to the MAC CE is a reserved value.

[0039] In one possible design, the reserved value is an integer greater than 36 and less than 43.

[0040] In one possible design, the first message is transmitted via the physical uplink control channel PUCCH or the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH.

[0041] In one possible design, when the amount of information of the first message is less than a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a first format; or, when the amount of information of the first message is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a second format; wherein the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the first format is less than or equal to 14, and the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the second format is greater than 14.

[0042] In one possible design, the first format includes format 3 or format 4.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the possible design provided by the second aspect can be referred to the description of the first aspect and will not be repeated here.

[0044] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided. The beneficial effects can be found in the description of the first aspect and will not be repeated here. The communication device has the function of implementing the behavior in the method example of the first aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing the corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions. In one possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module, which is used to send a first message to an access network device, the first message is used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit a message to be transmitted, and the first message includes characteristic information of the message to be transmitted; the transceiver module is also used to receive a second message sent by the access network device, the second message is used to configure transmission resources; the transceiver module is also used to send the message to be transmitted to the access network device based on the transmission resources. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the method example of the first aspect above. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, and will not be repeated here.

[0045] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided. The beneficial effects can be found in the description of the second aspect and will not be repeated here. The communication device has the function of implementing the behavior in the method example of the second aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware, or it can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions. In one possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving a first message sent by a terminal device, the first message is used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit a message to be transmitted, and the first message includes characteristic information of the message to be transmitted; the transceiver module is also used to send a second message to the terminal device, the second message is used to configure the transmission resources; the transceiver module is also used to receive the message to be transmitted sent by the terminal device based on the transmission resources. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the method example of the second aspect above. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, or a chip provided in the terminal device. The communication device may also be an access network device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, or a chip provided in the access network device. The communication device includes one or more processors; the one or more processors are configured to run computer programs or instructions. When the one or more processors execute the computer programs or instructions, the communication device executes the data transmission method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, or executes the data transmission method as described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0047] In one possible design, the communication device further includes one or more memories, the one or more memories being coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories being used to store the above-mentioned computer programs or instructions. In one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the communication device. In another possible implementation, the memory is located inside the communication device. In an embodiment of the present application, the processor and the memory may also be integrated into one device, that is, the processor and the memory may also be integrated together. In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a transceiver, which is used to receive information and / or send information.

[0048] In one possible design, the communication device further includes one or more communication interfaces, the one or more communication interfaces are coupled to one or more processors, and the one or more communication interfaces are used to communicate with other modules outside the communication device.

[0049] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which may be the first terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment or a chip disposed in the first terminal device, or the communication device may also be the access network device in the above-mentioned method embodiment or a chip disposed in the access network device. The communication device includes an input / output interface and a logic circuit; the input / output interface is used to input and / or output information; the logic circuit is used to execute the data transmission method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, or execute the data transmission method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect, and process and / or generate information based on the information.

[0050] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising: a computer program code, wherein when the computer program code is run, the method described in any one of the above aspects is executed.

[0051] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a chip system, comprising a processor for implementing the method described in any of the above aspects. In one possible design, the chip system further comprises a memory for storing program instructions and / or data. The chip system may be composed of a chip alone or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0052] In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method described in any one of the above aspects is implemented.

[0053] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which, when run on a computer, enables the method described in any of the above aspects to be executed.

[0054] In an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, which may include the communication device as described in the third aspect and the communication device as described in the fourth aspect.

[0055] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any possible implementation method in the third to eleventh aspects can be referred to the technical effects brought about by any aspect in the first to second aspects or different possible implementation methods in any aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0056] It is understandable that, provided that the solutions are not contradictory, the solutions in each aspect can be combined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional uplink resource scheduling request process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an existing uplink resource pre-scheduling process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a process of prior art uplink resource grant-free scheduling provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a periodic message transmission method in an industrial logic control scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG7 is an interactive flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a MAC CE format provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0068] A resource scheduling request message (SR) is a message sent by a terminal device to an access network device, and can be used to request the access network device to allocate uplink resources to the terminal device.

[0069] It is understandable that if the terminal device has no uplink data to transmit, the access network device does not need to allocate uplink resources to the terminal device, otherwise it will cause a waste of resources. Therefore, the terminal device needs to tell the access network device whether it has uplink data to transmit, so that the access network device can decide whether to allocate uplink resources to the terminal device. The role of SR is to tell the access network device that uplink resources are needed, but it does not tell the access network device how much uplink data needs to be sent (this is reported through the cache status report). After the access network device receives the SR, how much uplink resources are allocated to the terminal device depends on the implementation of the access network device. The usual practice is to allocate at least enough resources for the terminal device to send a cache status report.

[0070] The buffer status report (BSR) includes an uplink BSR and a sidelink BSR. The uplink BSR is used to provide the access network device with a first buffer status of the terminal device, i.e., information about the amount of data that the terminal device stores in the uplink buffer and needs to send. The sidelink BSR is used to provide the access network device with a second buffer status of the terminal device, i.e., information about the amount of data that the terminal device stores in the sidelink buffer and needs to send.

[0071] Uplink grant information (UL grant) (also known as uplink resource information (UL Resource)) refers to information sent by the access network device to the terminal device, which is used to indicate the uplink resources that the terminal device can use on the uplink. These uplink resources include time and frequency resources that can be used by the terminal device to send messages to be transmitted.

[0072] The quality of service (QoS) guarantee level refers to the priority and guarantee level provided for the messages to be transmitted.

[0073] Uplink control information (UCI) refers to the control signals transmitted by terminal devices to access network devices (such as eNodeBs) during wireless communications. UCI includes information about uplink resource allocation, modulation scheme, and Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) status, supporting uplink resource management and scheduling.

[0074] The physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) is a physical channel used to transmit UCI sent by terminal devices. The PUCCH mainly carries control information such as scheduling request messages (such as uplink resource requests and scheduling requests) and HARQ feedback from terminal devices.

[0075] The physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) is a physical channel used to transmit uplink data for terminal devices. In addition to carrying uplink data, the PUSCH can also carry some UCI, such as ACK / NACK (acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement) feedback.

[0076] A medium access control element (MAC CE) is a unit used to transmit control information. A MAC CE contains various control information, such as scheduling request messages, HARQ feedback, and ACK / NACK feedback. A MAC CE is encapsulated in a physical resource block (PRB) of the PUCCH or PUSCH for transmission.

[0077] Exemplarily, FIG1 is a process diagram of the existing uplink resource scheduling request provided by the present application. When the terminal device has uplink data to be transmitted, the terminal device sends a resource scheduling request message SR to the access network device. The access network device allocates uplink resources and sends them to the terminal device through UL Grant. The terminal device sends the data to be transmitted based on the uplink resources authorized by the UL Grant. When the UL Grant authorization control resources issued by the access network device cannot transmit the data to be transmitted that the terminal device currently needs to transmit (that is, after sending the data to be transmitted, there is still data in the buffer of the terminal device that has not been completely transmitted), the buffer status information is notified to the access network device through BSR while sending the data to be transmitted, and the access network device waits for the next scheduling of resources after receiving the BSR to continue the uplink transmission of the data to be transmitted in the buffer.

[0078] The uplink SR mechanism is based on data reporting and can support the transmission of non-periodic messages. However, the SR only reports that there is data to be transmitted and cannot accurately report the complete status of the uplink data. After receiving the SR, the access network device does not know how much data the terminal device currently has to transmit, nor does it know how to match the specific requirements of the data in resource allocation and transmission performance control. It can only allocate resources blindly. If the uplink resources authorized in the UL Grant are insufficient to complete the uplink transmission of all data, the terminal device needs to continue reporting the BSR to notify the access network device to schedule and authorize new uplink resources to complete the uplink transmission of the remaining data to be transmitted.

[0079] In some high-reliability data transmission scenarios (such as real-time data packets for industrial communication protocols with clear requirements for latency, jitter, etc.), it is difficult to complete effective and reliable uplink data transmission based on SR.

[0080] As another example, FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the existing uplink resource pre-scheduling process provided by the present application. Compared with uplink SR scheduling, the access network device does not consider whether the terminal device has uplink data to transmit. As long as there are uplink resources on the air interface, the access network device will periodically schedule uplink resources in advance and send them to the terminal device through UL Grant authorization. When the terminal device has data to be transmitted that needs to be transmitted uplink, the data to be transmitted is sent based on the pre-scheduled uplink resources, and there is no need to send an SR in advance to request uplink resource authorization.

[0081] As another example, FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the process of the existing uplink resource grant-free scheduling provided by the present application. In the uplink resource grant-free scheduling, the access network device can configure the air interface resources for the terminal device to transmit the data to be transmitted through radio resource control (RRC) signaling, supporting two types:

[0082] Type 1: The RRC configuration takes effect, and the terminal device can transmit the data to be transmitted on the configured Grant Free resources without the need for additional activation authorization or reporting SR in advance to request uplink resource authorization for the data to be transmitted.

[0083] Type 2: Activate the configured Grant Free resources through downlink control information (DCI). After activation, the terminal device can transmit the data to be transmitted (Data) on the configured Grant Free resources.

[0084] Compared with uplink pre-scheduling, uplink Grant Free scheduling does not require sending uplink UL Grant every time. Instead, it allocates uplink resources for the terminal device to transmit data in advance through RRC signaling configuration.

[0085] The uplink pre-scheduling mechanism periodically grants uplink resources to terminal devices without considering whether they have uplink data to transmit. This schedules resources even when the terminal device actually has no uplink data to transmit. These allocated resources cannot be used for other purposes, effectively wasting them. Furthermore, continuous pre-scheduling can easily cause inter-cell interference. However, this mechanism is well-suited for services with strong periodicity, matching periodic uplink data transmission with uplink data transmission on periodically granted uplink air interface resources. However, for services with non-periodic uplink data transmission, periodic scheduling of resources can lead to significant waste of air interface resources.

[0086] Currently, typical industrial communication protocols (such as Profinet) are designed to use periodic real-time messages with a small cycle of milliseconds or tens of milliseconds to transmit logical control information of upper-layer applications. In fact, the change cycle of logical control information of upper-layer applications is much longer than the periodic message sending cycle of the industrial communication layer. From the perspective of the application layer content information transmitted by the industrial communication layer, there is a large amount of duplicate content.

[0087] For example, as shown in Figure 4, for an industrial logic control scenario, take the typical Profinet RT protocol as an example:

[0088] Upper-layer application (industrial equipment application layer): The effective control instruction cycle is at the second level.

[0089] Industrial communication layer: The period is at the millisecond level (such as 4ms, 8ms, etc.), of which only a small number of messages carry valid control instructions, and most messages do not carry valid control instructions. The contents of these messages are mostly identical and repetitive.

[0090] When existing industrial communication protocols use wireless technology for transmission, they adopt the same reliability guarantee level for the above-mentioned periodic messages in the industrial communication protocols, for messages with valid control instructions and repeated messages. Excessive guarantee of repeated content wastes air interface transmission resources, reduces the utilization rate of air interface resources, and increases networking costs.

[0091] By distinguishing message content, wireless networks provide differentiated protection for valid control command messages and duplicate messages. For example, duplicate messages are compressed and a low-reliability transmission strategy is adopted for duplicate messages. However, when valid control command messages are processed using a high-reliability transmission strategy, the existing periodic message characteristics are changed. Duplicate message compression causes a change in message size, and valid control command messages are not periodic, causing messages requiring high-reliability transmission to become non-periodic instead of periodic. Current wireless network uplink transmission mechanisms are unable to effectively and reliably support the transmission of uplink messages in such situations.

[0092] On the other hand, when industrial communication protocol messages are transmitted using wireless technology, there is also a need to reduce jitter during transmission within the wireless network. One approach is for the wireless network itself to measure the latency of messages passing through each link in the wireless network path, thereby calculating the overall latency of the message entering and exiting the wireless network. This jitter reduction is then implemented through appropriate mechanisms (such as gating). Calculating the overall latency of messages entering and exiting the wireless network places new demands on the network: how to effectively transmit the latency information measured by wireless terminals (uplink) and the wireless network (downlink) to the other end via the air interface requires appropriate mechanisms to support this.

[0093] In view of this, the present application provides a data transmission method for ensuring accurate and efficient data transmission while improving air interface resource utilization. The method comprises: a terminal device sends a first message to an access network device, the first message being used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit a message to be transmitted, the first message including characteristic information of the message to be transmitted; the terminal device receives a second message sent by the access network device, the second message being used to configure the transmission resources; and the terminal device sends the message to be transmitted to the access network device based on the transmission resources.

[0094] In this way, the access network device can better understand the requirements and characteristics of the message to be transmitted based on the first message, and accurately allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit the message to be transmitted, so as to meet the needs of the terminal device and improve the utilization of air interface resources while ensuring the accurate and efficient transmission of the message to be transmitted.

[0095] The technical solution provided in this application is applicable not only to non-periodic services, but also to periodic services.

[0096] The data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0097] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used in any communication system, which may be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a 5G mobile communication system, a new radio (NR) communication system, a new radio vehicle to everything (NR V2X) system, and can also be applied to a system of LTE and 5G hybrid networking, or a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system, a device-to-device (D2D) communication system, a machine-to-machine (M2M) communication system, an Internet of Things (IoT), and other next-generation communication systems, such as future communication systems such as 6G, and may also be non-3GPP communication systems without limitation.

[0098] The communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below using FIG5 as an example.

[0099] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, the communication system may include one or more terminal devices, access network devices (or described as wireless access network devices), and core network devices.

[0100] In FIG5 , the terminal device may be located within the cell coverage of the access network device, and the terminal device may be connected to the access network device wirelessly. For example, the terminal device and the access network device may be connected using an NR-Uu interface, and the terminal device may communicate with the access network device over the air interface via an uplink (UL) or a downlink (DL). For example, the terminal device may send uplink data to the access network device via the PUSCH in the UL direction, and the access network device may send downlink data to the terminal device via the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the DL direction.

[0101] The terminal device in FIG5 may be a device with wireless transceiver functionality or a chip or chip system that can be provided in the device, which can allow a user to access a network and is a device used to provide voice and / or data connectivity to the user. The terminal device supports the transmission of control plane and user plane messages defined by 3GPP. The terminal device may be fixed or mobile. The terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), subscriber unit (subscriber unit), terminal, mobile station (MS), or mobile terminal (MT). Specifically, the terminal device in FIG5 may be a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer or a computer with wireless transceiver functionality, a wireless modem, a handset, or a laptop computer. The terminal device can also be a VR terminal, an AR terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication capability, an intelligent connected vehicle, a drone with UAV to UAV (U2U) communication capability, etc., without restriction.

[0102] The access network device in Figure 5 can be any device deployed in the access network that can communicate wirelessly with the terminal device, or it can be described as an access device that the terminal device accesses the communication system wirelessly. It can also be a chip or chip system that can be set in the above-mentioned device, mainly used to implement wireless physical control functions, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless access control and mobility management and other functions. The access network device can also be connected to the core network device in a wireless or wired manner. The access network device supports the use of the NR-Uu interface connection with the terminal device. Specifically, the access network device can be a device that supports wired access or a device that supports wireless access. Exemplarily, the access network device can be an access network (AN) / radio access network (RAN) device, consisting of multiple AN / RAN nodes. The AN / RAN node can be: an access point (AP), a base station (nodeB, NB), a macro base station, a micro base station (or described as a small station), a pico base station, a balloon station, a relay station, an enhanced base station (enhance nodeB, eNB), a next-generation eNB (next generation eNB, ng-eNB), a next-generation base station (next generation nodeB, gNB), a base station in a 5G communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system or an access node in a wireless-fidelity (WiFi) system, a transmission reception point (TRP), a transmission point (TP), a transmission measurement function (TMF), a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device or some other access node, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the access network device.

[0103] The access network device may also be a centralized unit (CU) / distributed unit (DU) architecture. In this case, the access network device may include two network elements, the CU and the DU. The access network device may also be a control plane-user plane (CP-UP) architecture. In this case, the access network device may include three network elements, the CU control plane (CU-CP), the CU user plane (CU-UP), and the DU, without restriction.

[0104] Optionally, the access network equipment and terminal equipment can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on the water surface; can also be deployed in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the access network equipment and terminal equipment.

[0105] Optionally, embodiments of the present application may be applicable to downlink signal transmission, uplink signal transmission, and D2D signal transmission. For downlink signal transmission, the transmitting device is an access network device, and the corresponding receiving device is a terminal device. For uplink signal transmission, the transmitting device is a terminal device, and the corresponding receiving device is an access network device. For D2D signal transmission, the transmitting device is a terminal device, and the corresponding receiving device is also a terminal device. Embodiments of the present application do not limit the direction of signal transmission.

[0106] Optionally, the access network device and the terminal device, and the terminal device and the terminal device can communicate through the authorized spectrum, or can communicate through the unlicensed spectrum, or can communicate through the authorized spectrum and the unlicensed spectrum at the same time. The access network device and the terminal device, and the terminal device and the terminal device can communicate through the spectrum below 6G, or can communicate through the spectrum above 6G, or can communicate through the spectrum below 6G and the spectrum above 6G at the same time. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used between the access network device and the terminal device.

[0107] The core network equipment in Figure 5 is mainly responsible for providing user connections, user management, and service carrying, and serves as an interface to the external network as a bearer network.

[0108] Optionally, the core network device and the access network device can be independent and different physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the access network device can be integrated on the same physical device, or one physical device can integrate some of the functions of the core network device and some of the functions of the access network device, or it can be a chip or chip system that can be set on the above devices, without restriction.

[0109] For example, the control plane network element 5GC in the core network equipment interacts with the access network equipment using the N2 interface, and the user plane network element (UPF) interacts with the access network equipment using the N3 interface. It provides termination of the control plane and user plane, user subscription storage and management functions, mobility management functions, policy control functions, etc., serves as the egress gateway for centralized forwarding data connections to connect to external data networks, and serves as the anchor point for data connections when the UE is mobile.

[0110] It should be noted that the terminal devices, access network devices, and core network devices of the embodiments of the present application can be one or more chips, or can be system-on-chip (SOC), etc. Figure 5 is only an exemplary figure, and the number of devices included is not limited. In addition, in addition to the devices shown in Figure 5, the communication system can also include other devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices. The names of the various devices and the names of the various links in Figure 5 are not restricted. In addition to the names shown in Figure 5, the various devices and links can also be named other names without restriction.

[0111] In a specific implementation, as shown in Figure 5 , each terminal device and access network device may adopt the structure shown in Figure 6 , or include the components shown in Figure 6 . Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 600 may be a terminal device or a chip or system-on-chip in the terminal device; it may also be an access network device or a chip or system-on-chip in the access network device. As shown in Figure 6 , the communication device 600 includes a processor 601, a transceiver 602, and a communication circuit 603.

[0112] Furthermore, the communication device 600 may further include a memory 604 , wherein the processor 601 , the memory 604 and the transceiver 602 may be connected via a communication line 603 .

[0113] The processor 601 is a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 601 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.

[0114] Transceiver 602 is used to communicate with other devices or other communication networks. Such other communication networks may be Ethernet, radio access networks (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. Transceiver 602 may be a module, circuit, transceiver, or any device capable of communication.

[0115] The communication line 603 is used to transmit information between the components included in the communication device 600.

[0116] The memory 604 is used to store instructions, where the instructions may be computer programs.

[0117] The memory 604 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and / or instructions, or a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and / or instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.

[0118] It should be noted that the memory 604 can exist independently of the processor 601 or can be integrated with the processor 601. The memory 604 can be used to store instructions, program code, or some data. The memory 604 can be located within the communication device 600 or outside the communication device 600, without limitation. The processor 601 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 604 to implement the data transmission method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.

[0119] In an example, the processor 601 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 6 .

[0120] As an optional implementation, the communication device 600 includes multiple processors. For example, in addition to the processor 601 , it may also include a processor 607 .

[0121] As an optional implementation, the communication apparatus 600 further includes an output device 605 and an input device 606. For example, the input device 606 is a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a joystick, or the like, and the output device 605 is a display screen, a speaker, or the like.

[0122] It should be noted that the communication device 600 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device having a structure similar to that shown in FIG6 . Furthermore, the structure shown in FIG6 does not limit the communication device. In addition to the components shown in FIG6 , the communication device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0123] In the embodiment of the present application, the chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0124] In addition, the actions and terms involved in the various embodiments of this application can refer to each other without limitation. The message names or parameter names in the messages exchanged between the various devices in the embodiments of this application are only examples, and other names can also be used in specific implementations without limitation.

[0125] In conjunction with the communication system shown in Figure 5, with reference to Figure 7 below, the data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application is described, wherein the terminal device can be any terminal device in the communication system shown in Figure 5, and the access network device is any access network device in the communication system shown in Figure 5. The terminal devices and access network devices in the following embodiments can all have the components shown in Figure 6. The processing performed by a single execution subject (terminal device or access network device) shown in the embodiment of the present application can also be divided into executions by multiple execution subjects, and these execution subjects can be logically and / or physically separated without restriction.

[0126] FIG7 is an interactive flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG7 , the method includes the following steps:

[0127] S701. The terminal device sends a first message to the access network device; correspondingly, the access network device receives the first message sent by the terminal device.

[0128] The first message is used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources to the terminal device for transmitting the message to be transmitted. The first message includes characteristic information of the message to be transmitted. The first message may also be called by other names, such as a resource scheduling request message. The message to be transmitted may also be called by other names, such as data to be transmitted, uplink data, or uplink data.

[0129] One possible design is that the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the size of the message to be transmitted, the change of the message to be transmitted, the statistical law of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device, the service quality QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, the processing time of the message to be transmitted, and the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

[0130] The size of a message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the number of bytes in the message to be transmitted, the size of each data packet into which the message to be transmitted is divided during transmission, and the transport block size corresponding to the message to be transmitted. The number of bytes is typically a specific value used to accurately represent the actual size of the message to be transmitted. The packet size and transport block size are primarily used to segment and schedule the transmission of messages to be transmitted. The size of a data packet is typically measured in bytes and may vary during transmission. Multiple data packets are combined into a complete message to be transmitted.

[0131] A common approach, similar to the byte encoding used in the current BSR, is to use quantized byte (bit) encoding based on byte count, packet size, or transport block size range. This encoding method can be used to categorize the size of messages to be transmitted. In this encoding method, messages of varying sizes are divided into multiple classes, each mapped to a specific bit encoding value. For example, a smaller size range can be mapped to a lower bit encoding value, while a larger size range can be mapped to a higher bit encoding value. This approach allows messages of varying sizes to be represented using fewer bit encoding values, thereby achieving quantization and encoding of message sizes. This encoding method allows for more efficient use of bit resources during transmission and provides optimization and scheduling for messages of varying sizes.

[0132] In one possible design, the changes in the messages to be transmitted include changes in the size and / or content of the messages to be transmitted within a preset time interval. The preset time interval can be determined based on a pre-agreed agreement or indicated by signaling. This allows the access network device to flexibly adjust resource allocation and bandwidth usage based on changes in the messages to be transmitted.

[0133] For example, assume a real-time video stream transmission system that transmits one frame of video data per second, where the size and content of each frame may be different. The system will detect and indicate the size and content of the message to be transmitted once every 1 second. Initially, the size of the message to be transmitted is 100KB, and the content is the first frame of video data. After 1 second, the size of the message to be transmitted is 120KB, and the content is the second frame of video data. Therefore, the system will indicate that the size of the message to be transmitted has increased by 20KB, and the content of the message to be transmitted has been updated to the second frame of video data. Therefore, during the transmission process, the transmission resources corresponding to the message to be transmitted can be dynamically adjusted according to the changes in the size and content of the transmitted message to ensure smooth transmission of real-time video.

[0134] In one possible design, the statistical pattern of the time it takes for a to-be-transmitted message to arrive at a terminal device includes at least one of the following: the average time interval between two consecutive to-be-transmitted messages arriving at the terminal device, the maximum time interval between two consecutive to-be-transmitted messages arriving at the terminal device, the minimum time interval between two consecutive to-be-transmitted messages arriving at the terminal device, or the median of the time intervals between two consecutive to-be-transmitted messages arriving at the terminal device. This allows the access network device to understand the time variation and distribution of to-be-transmitted messages arriving at the terminal device and more accurately allocate transmission resources to the terminal device for transmitting the to-be-transmitted messages.

[0135] For example, assume a real-time audio streaming system, where each audio packet is transmitted over a network to a terminal device. The timestamps of five audio packets arriving at the terminal device are [1ms, 2ms, 4ms, 9ms, 10ms], respectively. The average time interval between two consecutive audio packets arriving at the terminal device is 2.5ms; the maximum time interval between two consecutive audio packets arriving at the terminal device is 10ms; the minimum time interval between two consecutive audio packets arriving at the terminal device is 1ms; and the median time interval between two consecutive audio packets arriving at the terminal device is 4ms.

[0136] One possible design is to determine the QoS level of a transmitted message based on its content. This way, access network devices can prioritize and allocate resources to messages with higher QoS levels to ensure reliable and low-latency transmission. For messages with lower QoS levels, access network devices can prioritize and allocate lower resources.

[0137] One possible design is to determine the QoS guarantee level of a message to be transmitted based on its content. This includes: if the message to be transmitted contains a control instruction, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is a first QoS guarantee level; if the message to be transmitted contains duplicate content, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is a second QoS guarantee level. The second QoS guarantee level is lower than the first QoS guarantee level. By lowering the QoS guarantee level of messages to be transmitted that contain duplicate content, the access network device can reduce the transmission resource allocation for these messages to be transmitted, or lower the priority of allocating transmission resources to these messages to be transmitted, thereby reducing the air interface resource occupation by these duplicate content.

[0138] One possible design is that the processing time of the message to be transmitted is the time difference between the moment when the terminal device receives the message to be transmitted and the moment when the terminal device completes processing the message to be transmitted; the cache time of the message to be transmitted is the time difference between the moment when the terminal device receives the message to be transmitted and the moment when the message to be transmitted is sent from the terminal device, or the cache time of the message to be transmitted is the time difference between the moment when the terminal device receives the message to be transmitted and the moment when the message to be transmitted arrives at the access network device.

[0139] It can be understood that the processing time of the access network device receiving the message to be transmitted and the caching time of the message to be transmitted are so that the access network device can calculate the transmission time of the message to be transmitted in the wireless network, and reduce the transmission delay and jitter of the message to be transmitted in the wireless network by performing gating, shaping and other processing on the message to be transmitted to reduce the delay and jitter.

[0140] For example, assume that there is a video conferencing system and the message to be transmitted is video data. The terminal device receives the video message at 10:00:00 and completes processing of the message at 10:00:05. Therefore, the video data processing time is 5 seconds.

[0141] As another example, assume that there is a file transmission system, the message to be transmitted is file data, the terminal device receives the file data at 10:30:00, and sends the file data at 10:30:02, then the file data cache time is 2 seconds.

[0142] As another example, assume that there is a network streaming system and the message to be transmitted is audio stream data. The terminal device receives the audio stream message at 15:00:00 and the message arrives at the access network device at 15:00:05. The buffering time is 5 seconds.

[0143] One possible design is that, when the message to be transmitted is a periodic message, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted also includes a statistical record of the difference between the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device within the historical time period and the expected arrival time within the historical time period, as well as a statistical record of the difference between the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device within the current time period and the expected arrival time within the current time period.

[0144] For example, assume that 30 timestamps of messages arriving at a terminal device during a historical time period are collected, and the statistical records of the differences between these timestamps and the expected arrival times during the historical time period are [+0.2 seconds, -0.1 seconds, +0.3 seconds, ...]. Assume that 2 timestamps of messages arriving at a terminal device are collected during the current time period, and the statistical records of the differences between these timestamps and the expected arrival times during the current time period are [-0.2 seconds, +0.1 seconds, ...].

[0145] One possible design is that the first message is carried in uplink control information UCI or medium and access control element MAC CE.

[0146] One possible design is that when the first message is carried on UCI, the UCI may also carry HARQ ACK / NACK and / or channel state feedback information (CSI), which is not limited here.

[0147] One possible design is that the first message is transmitted through the physical uplink control channel PUCCH or the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH.

[0148] One possible design is that when the first message is transmitted through a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), the first message is transmitted using an independent coding method or a joint coding method with other UCI types on the PUCCH or PUSCH. The independent coding method used may be a pre-configured independent coding method or indicated by signaling.

[0149] It is understood that selecting an independent coding method to transmit the first message allows it to be transmitted independently of other information, making the transmission of the first message more flexible and reducing mutual interference between information. Joint coding can improve the utilization of wireless resources, which is beneficial to improving communication efficiency and throughput. At the same time, flexibly selecting the coding method for the first message based on different communication scenarios and needs can further improve communication performance and effectiveness.

[0150] One possible design is that, when the amount of information of the first message is less than a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a first format; or, when the amount of information of the first message is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a second format; wherein the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the first format is less than or equal to 14, and the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the second format is greater than 14.

[0151] One possible design is that the first format includes format 3 or format 4.

[0152] For example, the maximum transmission of the current PUCCH long format 1RB 14 symbols excluding 2 pilots is: 12 (Symb) * 12 (RE) * 2 (QPSK) * 0.8 (maximum code rate) - 11 (CRC) = 219 bits;

[0153] Format#4: 4 UEs are multiplexed, and each UE transmits a maximum of 54 bits.

[0154] If the existing PUCCH Format #4 and Format #3 can both meet the transmission requirements of the first message, there is no need to extend the PUCCH format. If the amount of information required to transmit the first message exceeds the limitations of Format #4 and Format #3, the PUCCH format needs to be extended to expand the number of supported OFDM symbols. Table 1 below lists the PUCCH formats and capabilities defined in 3GPP.

[0155] Table 1

[0156] Among them, in 3GPP TS 38300-5.3.3, Format#0: Short PUCCH, using 1 or 2 symbols, carrying a small UCI payload of up to two bits, the UE multiplexing capacity within a single physical resource block (PRB) is up to 6 UEs, and the payload of each UE is 1 bit;

[0157] Format #1: Long PUCCH, using 4-14 symbols, carrying a small UCI payload of up to two bits. The UE multiplexing capacity within a single PRB is up to 84 UEs (without frequency hopping) or 36 UEs (with frequency hopping).

[0158] Format #2: Short PUCCH, using 1 or 2 symbols, carrying large UCI payloads greater than two bits, with no UE multiplexing capability within a single PRB;

[0159] Format #3: Long PUCCH, using 4-14 symbols, carries large UCI payloads, and has no UE multiplexing capability within a single PRB.

[0160] Format #4: Long PUCCH, using 4-14 symbols, carries a medium-sized UCI payload, and the UE multiplexing capacity within a single PRB is up to 4 UEs.

[0161] One possible design is that, when the first message is carried on a MAC CE, the value of the logical channel identifier LCID corresponding to the MAC CE is a reserved value.

[0162] One possible design is that the reserved value is an integer greater than 36 and less than 43.

[0163] For example, Figure 8 provides a schematic diagram of a MAC CE format, and Table 2 provides the uplink LCID values ​​defined in Table 6.2.1-2. In combination with Figure 8 and Table 2, the MAC CE format with an 8-bit L field as shown in Figure 6.1.2-1 of 3GPP 38.321 can be used. Based on the uplink LCID values ​​defined in Table 6.2.1-2 of the current 3GPP protocol, a reserved value is defined for the scheduling request message, such as the LCID values ​​corresponding to code points / indexes 37-42 in Table 2.

[0164] Table 2

[0165] One possible design is that the terminal device determines the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted based on the terminal device's capability information. Determining the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted based on the terminal device's capability information can avoid increasing the processing pressure of the terminal device and causing the terminal device to crash.

[0166] One possible design is that when the terminal device does not support calculation of the processing time of the message to be transmitted or the cache time of the message to be transmitted, or when the current load of the terminal device exceeds a preset value, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted does not include the processing time of the message to be transmitted or the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

[0167] In one possible design, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted determined by the terminal device based on the terminal device's capability information does not include the quality of service (QoS) guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, and the access network device can provide a guarantee based on a default policy. The default policy is a QoS flow-level guarantee policy or a static configuration.

[0168] S702. The access network device sends a second message to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second message sent by the access network device.

[0169] The second message is used to configure transmission resources. Transmission resources include time domain resources and frequency domain resources. The second message can also have other names, such as uplink authorization information, uplink resource information, etc.

[0170] One possible design is that the second message may include an authorization time window, a frame structure, a scheduling rule, a transmission power, and transmission parameters.

[0171] The authorized time window specifies the time window during which a terminal device is allowed to transmit pending messages. This helps coordinate and schedule message transmissions from different terminal devices, ensuring fair resource allocation.

[0172] The frame structure and scheduling rules are used to tell terminal devices when to transmit messages and how to schedule them in time slots and resources to avoid collisions and interference and improve network efficiency.

[0173] Transmit power and transmission parameters are used to inform terminal devices of the transmit power, modulation mode, and coding parameters that should be used. This helps terminal devices comply with network requirements during transmission and optimizes transmission quality and performance.

[0174] It is understood that after receiving the second message, the terminal device can follow the content contained in the second message to transmit the message to be transmitted within the specified transmission resource range. This authorization mechanism can maximize the utilization of network resources and ensure fair sharing and efficient transmission among different terminal devices.

[0175] S703. The terminal device sends a message to be transmitted to the access network device based on the transmission resources. Correspondingly, the access network device receives the message to be transmitted sent by the terminal device based on the transmission resources.

[0176] One possible design is that after the access network device receives the message to be transmitted based on the transmission resources, it processes the message to be transmitted based on the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted to obtain a processed message to be transmitted; then the processed message to be transmitted is forwarded to the next-level network processing unit, or stored, cached, scheduled, and other operations are performed locally.

[0177] One possible design is that the access network equipment processes the message to be transmitted based on the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted, including: adjusting the scheduling transmission resources, accurately matching the resources with the size of the message to be transmitted, and adopting reliability measures that accurately match the message to be transmitted based on the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted.

[0178] One possible design involves the access network equipment processing the packets based on their characteristic information. This includes calculating the complete delay of the packet in the wireless network by combining the statistical patterns of the time it takes for the packet to arrive at the terminal device, the processing time for the packet, the buffering time for the packet, the network's transmission delay for the packet, and the network's internal transmission delay. Based on this complete delay, the packet is then precisely gated and shaped. This reduces jitter in wireless transmission of the packet and can also be used to calculate uplink end-to-end transmission delay and locate faults.

[0179] One possible design is that, when the message to be transmitted is a periodic message and the terminal device's sending time for the message to be transmitted is not synchronized with the time the access network device receives the message to be transmitted, the scheduling timing of the periodic message at each scheduling point of the air interface is adjusted to match / compensate for the time drift of the periodic message arriving at the access network device, thereby improving the transmission experience of the periodic message.

[0180] Based on this, on the one hand, in order to address the problem that the existing uplink SR scheduling cannot accurately feedback the complete status of the message to be transmitted, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted is added to the SR, thereby increasing the integrity of the information feedback and the effectiveness of the reliability guarantee for the message to be transmitted; accordingly, by adding the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted to the SR through the terminal device, the access network device can effectively guarantee the message to be transmitted based on the characteristic information of the received message to be transmitted, thereby improving the reliable transmission of the message to be transmitted in the wireless network. On the other hand, in order to address the problem that the existing uplink pre-scheduling / Grant Free periodic blind scheduling leads to low utilization and serious waste of air interface resources, the uplink transmission mechanism that adds the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted to the SR will only report to the access network device to schedule air interface resources for the transmission of the message to be transmitted when there is actually a message to be transmitted, solving the problem of serious waste of air interface resources in periodic blind scheduling.

[0181] It should be noted that the various methods provided in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented individually or in combination without limitation.

[0182] It is understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also perform other operations or variations of various operations. In addition, the various steps may be performed in a different order than those presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application need to be performed.

[0183] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of interaction between devices. It is understandable that, in order to realize the above functions, each device includes a hardware structure and / or software module corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiment applied for herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0184] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of each device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0185] FIG9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 90, where each functional module is divided according to its function. The communication device 90 may include a transceiver module 901 and a processing module 902. The processing module 902, which may also be referred to as a processing unit, is configured to perform operations other than transceiver operations and may be, for example, a processing circuit or a processor. The transceiver module 901, which may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, is configured to perform transceiver operations and may be, for example, an interface circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.

[0186] In some embodiments, the communication device 90 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 9 ) for storing program instructions and data.

[0187] Exemplarily, the communication device 90 is used to implement the functions of a terminal device. The communication device 90 is, for example, the terminal device in the embodiment shown in FIG7 .

[0188] The processing module 902 is configured to generate a first message, the first message being used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit the message to be transmitted, the first message including characteristic information of the message to be transmitted;

[0189] The transceiver module 901 is configured to send a first message to an access network device;

[0190] The transceiver module 901 is further configured to receive a second message sent by the access network device, where the second message is used to configure transmission resources;

[0191] The transceiver module 901 is further configured to send a message to be transmitted to the access network device based on the transmission resources.

[0192] In one possible implementation method, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the size of the message to be transmitted, the change of the message to be transmitted, the statistical law of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device, the service quality QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, the processing time of the message to be transmitted, and the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

[0193] In a possible implementation, the change of the message to be transmitted includes the change of the size and / or content of the message to be transmitted at each preset time interval.

[0194] In one possible implementation method, the statistical law of the time it takes for a message to be transmitted to arrive at a terminal device includes at least one of the following: the average time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the maximum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, or the median of the time intervals between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device.

[0195] In a possible implementation, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is determined according to the content of the message to be transmitted.

[0196] One possible implementation method is that when the message to be transmitted contains a control instruction, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the first QoS guarantee level; when the message to be transmitted contains repeated content, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the second QoS guarantee level; the second QoS guarantee level is lower than the first QoS guarantee level.

[0197] In a possible implementation manner, the first message is carried in uplink control information UCI or medium and access control element MAC CE.

[0198] In a possible implementation, when the first message is carried on a MAC CE, the value of a logical channel identifier LCID corresponding to the MAC CE is a reserved value.

[0199] In a possible implementation, the reserved value is an integer greater than 36 and less than 43.

[0200] In a possible implementation manner, the first message is transmitted through a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH.

[0201] One possible implementation method is that when the amount of information of the first message is less than a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a first format; or, when the amount of information of the first message is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a second format; wherein the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the first format is less than or equal to 14, and the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the second format is greater than 14.

[0202] In a possible implementation, the first format includes format 3 or format 4.

[0203] Alternatively, illustratively, the communication device 90 is used to implement the functions of an access network device. The communication device 90 is, for example, the access network device of the embodiment shown in FIG7 .

[0204] The transceiver module 901 is configured to receive a first message sent by a terminal device, the first message being used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit a message to be transmitted, the first message including characteristic information of the message to be transmitted;

[0205] The processing module 902 is configured to generate a second message, where the second message is used to configure transmission resources.

[0206] The transceiver module 901 is further configured to send a second message to the terminal device;

[0207] The transceiver module 901 is further configured to receive a message to be transmitted sent by a terminal device based on the transmission resource.

[0208] In one possible implementation method, the characteristic information of the message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the size of the message to be transmitted, the change of the message to be transmitted, the statistical law of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device, the service quality QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, the processing time of the message to be transmitted, and the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

[0209] In a possible implementation, the change of the message to be transmitted includes the change of the size and / or content of the message to be transmitted at each preset time interval.

[0210] In one possible implementation method, the statistical law of the time it takes for a message to be transmitted to arrive at a terminal device includes at least one of the following: the average time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the maximum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, or the median of the time intervals between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device.

[0211] In a possible implementation, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is determined according to the content of the message to be transmitted.

[0212] One possible implementation method is that when the message to be transmitted contains a control instruction, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the first QoS guarantee level; when the message to be transmitted contains repeated content, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is the second QoS guarantee level; the second QoS guarantee level is lower than the first QoS guarantee level.

[0213] In a possible implementation manner, the first message is carried in uplink control information UCI or medium and access control element MAC CE.

[0214] In a possible implementation, when the first message is carried on a MAC CE, the value of a logical channel identifier LCID corresponding to the MAC CE is a reserved value.

[0215] In a possible implementation, the reserved value is an integer greater than 36 and less than 43.

[0216] In a possible implementation manner, the first message is transmitted through a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH.

[0217] One possible implementation method is that when the amount of information of the first message is less than a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a first format; or, when the amount of information of the first message is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a second format; wherein the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the first format is less than or equal to 14, and the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the second format is greater than 14.

[0218] In a possible implementation, the first format includes format 3 or format 4.

[0219] Exemplarily, the communication device 90 may be a communication device, or a chip used in a communication device, or other combined device, component, etc. having the functions of the aforementioned communication device. When the communication device 90 is a communication device, the transceiver module 901 may be a transceiver, which may include an antenna and radio frequency circuits, etc.; the processing module 902 may be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor, which may include one or more CPUs. When the communication device 90 is a component having the functions of the aforementioned communication device, the transceiver module 901 may be a radio frequency unit; the processing module 902 may be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor. When the communication device 90 is a chip system, the transceiver module 901 may be the input / output interface of the chip (e.g., a baseband chip); the processing module 902 may be the chip system's processor (or processing circuit), which may include one or more central processing units. It should be understood that the transceiver module 901 in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components; and the processing module 902 may be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuit components (or processing circuits).

[0220] For example, the transceiver module 901 can be used to perform all transceiver operations performed by the communication device in the embodiment shown in Figure 7, and / or to support other processes of the technology described in this document; the processing module 902 can be used to perform all operations other than transceiver operations performed by the communication device in the embodiment shown in Figure 7, and / or to support other processes of the technology described in this document.

[0221] As another possible implementation, the transceiver module 901 in FIG9 can be replaced by a transceiver that integrates the functionality of the transceiver module 901; the processing module 902 can be replaced by a processor that integrates the functionality of the processing module 902. Furthermore, the communication device 90 shown in FIG9 can also include a memory.

[0222] Alternatively, when the processing module 902 is replaced by a processor and the transceiver module 901 is replaced by a transceiver, the communication device 90 involved in the embodiment of the present application may also be the communication device 100 shown in Figure 10, wherein the processor may be the logic circuit 1001 and the transceiver may be the interface circuit 1002. Furthermore, the communication device 100 shown in Figure 10 may also include a memory 1003.

[0223] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, which, when executed by a computer, can implement the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0224] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program, which, when executed by a computer, can implement the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0225] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by a computer program to instruct the relevant hardware. The program can be stored in the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the terminal device (including the data sending end and / or the data receiving end) of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, such as the hard disk or memory of the terminal. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the above-mentioned terminal, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (smart media card, SMC), a secure digital (secure digital, SD) card, a flash card (flash card), etc. equipped on the above-mentioned terminal. Furthermore, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also include both the internal storage unit of the above-mentioned terminal and an external storage device. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium is used to store the above-mentioned computer program and other programs and data required by the above-mentioned terminal. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0226] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. "First" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0227] Furthermore, the terms "include," "comprise," and "have," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0228] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more. "Multiple" refers to two or more. "At least two (items)" refers to two or three and more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c, or at least one of a, b, and c, can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple. "When" and "if" both mean that corresponding measures will be taken under certain objective circumstances. It does not limit the time, nor does it require any judgment action when it is implemented, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

[0229] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner to facilitate understanding.

[0230] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0231] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0232] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed in multiple places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0233] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0234] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, chip, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0235] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that: Applied to a terminal device, the method comprises: Sending a first message to an access network device, where the first message is used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit a message to be transmitted, and the first message includes characteristic information of the message to be transmitted; receiving a second message sent by the access network device, where the second message is used to configure the transmission resource; The message to be transmitted is sent to the access network device based on the transmission resource.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The characteristic information of the message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the size of the message to be transmitted, the change of the message to be transmitted, the statistical law of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device, the service quality QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, the processing time of the message to be transmitted, and the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The change of the message to be transmitted includes the change of the size and / or content of the message to be transmitted at each preset time interval.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The statistical regularity of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device includes at least one of the following: the average time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the maximum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, or the median of the time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is determined according to the content of the message to be transmitted.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In the case where the message to be transmitted includes a control instruction, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is a first QoS guarantee level; In the case that the message to be transmitted contains repeated content, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is a second QoS guarantee level; and the second QoS guarantee level is lower than the first QoS guarantee level.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first message is carried in uplink control information UCI or medium and access control element MAC CE.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that In the case where the first message is carried by the MAC CE, the value of the logical channel identifier LCID corresponding to the MAC CE is a reserved value.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The reserved value is an integer greater than 36 and less than 43.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first message is transmitted via a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that When the amount of information of the first message is less than a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a first format; or, when the amount of information of the first message is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a second format; wherein the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the first format is less than or equal to 14, and the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the second format is greater than 14.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The first format includes format 3 or format 4.

13. A data transmission method, characterized in that: Applied to access network equipment, the method comprises: Receiving a first message sent by a terminal device, the first message is used to request the access network device to allocate transmission resources for the terminal device to transmit a message to be transmitted, and the first message includes characteristic information of the message to be transmitted; Sending a second message to the terminal device, where the second message is used to configure the transmission resource; The message to be transmitted sent by the terminal device is received based on the transmission resource.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The characteristic information of the message to be transmitted includes at least one of the following: the size of the message to be transmitted, the change of the message to be transmitted, the statistical law of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device, the service quality QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted, the processing time of the message to be transmitted, and the cache time of the message to be transmitted.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The change of the message to be transmitted includes the change of the size and / or content of the message to be transmitted at each preset time interval.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The statistical regularity of the time when the message to be transmitted arrives at the terminal device includes at least one of the following: the average time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the maximum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, the minimum time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device, or the median of the time interval between two consecutive messages to be transmitted arriving at the terminal device.

17. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is determined according to the content of the message to be transmitted.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that In the case where the message to be transmitted includes a control instruction, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is a first QoS guarantee level; In the case that the message to be transmitted contains repeated content, the QoS guarantee level of the message to be transmitted is a second QoS guarantee level; and the second QoS guarantee level is lower than the first QoS guarantee level.

19. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The first message is carried in uplink control information UCI or medium and access control element MAC CE.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that In the case where the first message is carried by the MAC CE, the value of the logical channel identifier LCID corresponding to the MAC CE is a reserved value.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The reserved value is an integer greater than 36 and less than 43.

22. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that The first message is transmitted via a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that When the amount of information of the first message is less than a preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a first format; or, when the amount of information of the first message is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the first message is carried in a PUCCH using a second format; wherein the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the first format is less than or equal to 14, and the number of time domain symbols supported by the PUCCH of the second format is greater than 14.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The first format includes format 3 or format 4.

25. A communication device, characterized in that: include: Memory and processor; Memory and processor coupling; The memory is used to store instructions executable by the processor; When the processor executes the instructions, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24 is performed.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

27. A computer program product, characterized in that A computer program is included which, when executed, causes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24 to be implemented.

28. A communication system, characterized in that: include: At least two access network devices, wherein the access network devices are used to execute the method according to any one of claims 13 to 24.

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