Method for managing energy consumption

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method. The method comprises the steps of: an NF receiving an AF request from an AF, the AF request including a target to be reported, and the AF request including a list request including an upper contributor consuming a large amount of energy from among all energy consumption contributors related to energy consumption for the target to be reported; the NF receiving, from another NF or an OAM, information regarding energy consumption related to the target to be reported; the NF determining an upper contributor on the basis of the information regarding the energy consumption; and the NF transmitting an energy report to the AF on the basis of the AF request, wherein the energy report includes an upper list including the determined upper contributor.

Description

How to manage energy consumption

[0001] This specification relates to mobile communications.

[0002] 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long-Term Evolution) is a technology designed to enable high-speed packet communications. Numerous approaches have been proposed to achieve LTE's goals of reducing costs for users and operators, improving service quality, expanding coverage, and increasing system capacity. 3GPP LTE's high-level requirements include reduced cost per bit, improved service availability, flexible use of frequency bands, a simple architecture, open interfaces, and adequate power consumption for terminals.

[0003] The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and 3GPP have begun work on developing requirements and specifications for new radio (NR) systems. 3GPP must identify and develop the technical components necessary to successfully standardize NR in a timely manner, meeting both urgent market needs and the longer-term requirements outlined by the ITU-R (ITU radio communication sector) International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)-2020 process. NR must also be able to utilize any spectrum band up to at least 100 GHz, ensuring that it remains available for wireless communications well into the future.

[0004] NR aims to be a single technology framework that addresses all deployment scenarios, usage scenarios, and requirements, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC). NR must be inherently forward-compatible.

[0005] At AF's request, a list of top contributors to energy consumption is sent to AF.

[0006] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a communication system to which the implementation of this specification is applied.

[0007] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a wireless device to which the implementation of the present specification is applied.

[0008] Figure 3 shows an example of a UE to which the implementation of this specification is applied.

[0009] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a next-generation mobile communications network.

[0010] Figure 5 shows an example of a 5G system structure to which the implementation of this specification is applied.

[0011] Figure 6 illustrates an example of exposure of energy-related information according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0012] Figure 7 illustrates the NF procedure for the disclosure of this specification.

[0013] The following techniques, devices, and systems can be applied to various wireless multiple access systems. Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multicarrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems. CDMA can be implemented via wireless technologies such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented via wireless technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), or enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or E-UTRA (evolved UTRA). UTRA is part of UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system). 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) LTE (long-term evolution) is part of E-UMTS (evolved UMTS) that uses E-UTRA.3GPP LTE uses OFDMA in the downlink (DL) and SC-FDMA in the uplink (UL). Evolution of 3GPP LTE includes LTE-A (advanced), LTE-A Pro, and / or 5G NR (new radio).

[0014] For convenience of explanation, the implementation of this specification is primarily described in relation to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system. However, the technical features of this specification are not limited thereto. For example, the following detailed description is provided based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system. However, aspects of this specification that are not limited to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system can be applied to other mobile communication systems.

[0015] For terms and technologies used in this specification that are not specifically described, reference may be made to wireless communication standard documents published prior to this specification.

[0016] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0017] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0018] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in this specification, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0019] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B and C”. Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C”.

[0020] Additionally, parentheses used herein may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0021] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0022] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication and / or connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0023] Hereinafter, the present specification will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and / or description, the same reference numbers may refer to the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, and / or functional blocks, unless otherwise indicated.

[0024] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a communication system to which the implementation of this specification is applied.

[0025] The 5G usage scenario shown in FIG. 1 is only an example, and the technical features of this specification can be applied to other 5G usage scenarios not shown in FIG. 1.

[0026] The three main requirement categories for 5G are (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC), and (3) ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC).

[0027] Referring to FIG. 1, a communication system (1) includes wireless devices (100a to 100f), a base station (BS; 200), and a network (300). FIG. 1 illustrates a 5G network as an example of a network of the communication system (1), but the implementation of the present disclosure is not limited to a 5G system and can be applied to future communication systems beyond the 5G system.

[0028] The base station (200) and the network (300) may be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device may operate as a base station / network node in relation to other wireless devices.

[0029] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) refer to devices that perform communication using radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G NR or LTE) and may also be referred to as communication / wireless / 5G devices. Wireless devices (100a to 100f) may include, but are not limited to, robots (100a), vehicles (100b-1 and 100b-2), extended reality (XR) devices (100c), portable devices (100d), home appliances (100e), IoT devices (100f), and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers (400). For example, vehicles may include vehicles having wireless communication capabilities, autonomous vehicles, and vehicles capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Vehicles may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones). XR devices may include AR / VR / mixed reality (MR) devices, and may be implemented in the form of head-mounted devices (HMDs) and heads-up displays (HUDs) mounted on vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signs, vehicles, robots, etc. Portable devices may include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters.

[0030] In this specification, wireless devices (100a to 100f) may be referred to as user equipment (UE). The UE may include, for example, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation system, a slate PC, a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a vehicle, a vehicle with autonomous driving functions, a connected car, a UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VR device, an MR device, a holographic device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a weather / environmental device, a 5G service-related device, or a 4th industrial revolution-related device.

[0031] For example, a UAV may be an aircraft that is unmanned and navigated by radio control signals.

[0032] For example, a VR device may include a device for implementing objects or backgrounds in a virtual environment. For example, an AR device may include a device that implements objects or backgrounds in a virtual world by connecting them to objects or backgrounds in the real world. For example, an MR device may include a device that implements objects or backgrounds in a virtual world by merging them with objects or backgrounds in the real world. For example, a holographic device may include a device that implements 360-degree stereoscopic images by recording and reproducing three-dimensional information using the light interference phenomenon that occurs when two laser lights, called holograms, meet.

[0033] For example, a public safety device may include an image relay device or imaging device that can be worn on the user's body.

[0034] For example, MTC devices and IoT devices may be devices that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation. Examples include smart meters, vending machines, thermometers, smart light bulbs, door locks, or various sensors.

[0035] For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, curing, or preventing a disease. For example, a medical device may be a device used for diagnosing, treating, alleviating, or correcting an injury or damage. For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of examining, replacing, or modifying a structure or function. For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of regulating pregnancy. For example, a medical device may include a therapeutic device, a driving device, an (in vitro) diagnostic device, a hearing aid, or a surgical device.

[0036] For example, a security device may be a device installed to prevent potential hazards and maintain safety. For example, a security device may be a camera, closed-circuit television (CCTV), a recorder, or a black box.

[0037] For example, a fintech device may be a device capable of providing financial services, such as mobile payments. For example, a fintech device may include a payment device or a point-of-sale system.

[0038] For example, a weather / environment device may include a device that monitors or predicts the weather / environment.

[0039] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, and a network after 5G. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station (200) / network (300). For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). Additionally, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0040] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a to 100f) and / or between wireless devices (100a to 100f) and a base station (200) and / or between base stations (200). Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, device-to-device (D2D) communication), and base station-to-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, integrated access and backhaul (IAB)). Through the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), the wireless devices (100a to 100f) and the base station (200) can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of the various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present specification.

[0041] AI is the study of artificial intelligence or the methodologies for creating it, while machine learning (ML) defines various problems in the field of AI and studies the methodologies for solving them. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves performance on a task through consistent experience.

[0042] A robot can be defined as a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task based on its own capabilities. Specifically, a robot capable of perceiving its environment, making decisions, and performing actions on its own can be called an intelligent robot. Robots can be categorized into industrial, medical, household, and military applications based on their intended use or field. Robots are equipped with a drive unit, including an actuator or motor, enabling them to perform various physical actions, such as moving robot joints. Furthermore, mobile robots include wheels, brakes, and propellers in their drive unit, enabling them to drive on the ground or fly in the air.

[0043] Autonomous driving refers to the technology of driving on one's own, while autonomous vehicles refer to vehicles that drive without, or with minimal, user intervention. For example, autonomous driving can include technologies such as lane keeping, automatic speed control like adaptive cruise control, autonomous driving along a set route, and autonomous driving based on a set destination. Vehicles encompass all types of vehicles: those with internal combustion engines, hybrid vehicles with both internal combustion engines and electric motors, and electric vehicles with only electric motors. These vehicles can include not only cars but also trains and motorcycles. Autonomous vehicles can be viewed as robots with autonomous driving capabilities.

[0044] Extended reality is a general term for VR, AR, and MR. VR technology provides real-world objects and backgrounds as CG images only, AR technology provides virtual CG images over images of real objects, and MR technology is a CG technology that mixes and combines virtual objects with the real world. MR technology is similar to AR in that it displays real and virtual objects together. However, there is a difference: while AR uses virtual objects to complement real objects, MR uses virtual and real objects equally.

[0045] NR supports multiple numerologies, or subcarrier spacing (SCS), to support diverse 5G services. For example, an SCS of 15 kHz supports wide areas in traditional cellular bands; an SCS of 30 kHz / 60 kHz supports dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth; and an SCS of 60 kHz or higher supports bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0046] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1 and FR2). The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed. For example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1 and FR2) can be as shown in Table 1 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in NR systems, FR1 can mean the "sub-6GHz range," and FR2 can mean the "above 6GHz range," which can be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0047] Frequency Range DefinitionFrequency RangeSubcarrier SpacingFR1450MHz - 6000MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0048] As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 may include a band from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz, as shown in Table 2 below. That is, FR1 may include frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.). For example, the frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) included within FR1 may include unlicensed bands. Unlicensed bands may be used for various purposes, such as for communications for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0049] Frequency Range DefinitionFrequency RangeSubcarrier SpacingFR1410MHz - 7125MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0050] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) for low-power communication. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (low power wide area network) technology and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced MTC). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-bandwidth limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE MTC, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and / or LPWAN considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create PAN (personal area networks) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0051] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a wireless device to which the implementation of the present specification is applied.

[0052] In FIG. 2, the first wireless device (100) and / or the second wireless device (200) may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service. For example, {the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to at least one of {the wireless devices (100a to 100f) and the base station (200)}, {the wireless devices (100a to 100f) and the wireless devices (100a to 100f)}, and / or {the base station (200) and the base station (200)} of FIG. 1. The first wireless device (100) and / or the second wireless device (200) may be configured by various components, devices / parts, and / or modules.

[0053] The first wireless device (100) may include at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (106), at least one processing chip, such as a processing chip (101), and / or one or more antennas (108).

[0054] The processing chip (101) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (102), and at least one memory, such as a memory (104). Additionally and / or alternatively, the memory (104) may be located external to the processing chip (101).

[0055] The processor (102) may control the memory (104) and / or the transceiver (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal and transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). The processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106) and store information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memory (104).

[0056] A memory (104) may be operatively connected to the processor (102). The memory (104) may store various types of information and / or instructions. The memory (104) may store firmware and / or software code (105) that implements code, instructions and / or sets of instructions that, when executed by the processor (102), perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the firmware and / or software code (105) may implement instructions that, when executed by the processor (102), perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the firmware and / or software code (105) may control the processor (102) to perform one or more protocols. For example, the firmware and / or software code (105) may control the processor (102) to perform one or more air interface protocol layers.

[0057] Here, the processor (102) and memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). A transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). Each transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In the present specification, the first wireless device (100) may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0058] The second wireless device (200) may include at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (206), at least one processing chip, such as a processing chip (201), and / or one or more antennas (208).

[0059] The processing chip (201) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (202), and at least one memory, such as a memory (204). Additionally and / or alternatively, the memory (204) may be located external to the processing chip (201).

[0060] The processor (202) may control the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signal and transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signal via the transceiver (206). The processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signal via the transceiver (206) and store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signal in the memory (204).

[0061] A memory (204) may be operatively connected to the processor (202). The memory (204) may store various types of information and / or instructions. The memory (204) may store firmware and / or software code (205) that implements instruction codes, commands and / or sets of instructions that, when executed by the processor (202), perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the firmware and / or software code (205) may implement instructions that, when executed by the processor (202), perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the firmware and / or software code (205) may control the processor (202) to perform one or more protocols. For example, the firmware and / or software code (205) may control the processor (202) to perform one or more air interface protocol layers.

[0062] Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). Each transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with the RF unit. In the present specification, the second wireless device (200) may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0063] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a media access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs), one or more service data units (SDUs), messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0064] The one or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, and / or a microcomputer. The one or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, and / or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), and / or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors (102, 202). For example, the one or more processors (102, 202) may be configured by a set of a communication control processor, an application processor (AP), an electronic control unit (ECU), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphic processing unit (GPU), and a memory control processor.

[0065] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), flash memory, volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, hard drive, register, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0066] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, wireless signals, etc., to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, wireless signals, etc. from one or more other devices.

[0067] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208). Additionally and / or alternatively, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include one or more antennas (108, 208). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein via one or more antennas (108, 208). In the present specification, one or more antennas (108, 208) may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).

[0068] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202). For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or a filter. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may up-convert an OFDM baseband signal to an OFDM signal via an (analog) oscillator and / or filter under the control of one or more processors (102, 202) and transmit the up-converted OFDM signal at a carrier frequency. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive an OFDM signal at a carrier frequency and down-convert the OFDM signal to an OFDM baseband signal via an (analog) oscillator and / or filter under the control of one or more processors (102, 202).

[0069] Although not illustrated in FIG. 2, the wireless device (100, 200) may further include additional components. The additional components (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device (100, 200). For example, the additional components (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) device (e.g., an audio I / O port, a video I / O port), a driving device, and a computing device. The additional components (140) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0070] In the implementation of the present specification, a UE can operate as a transmitter in the uplink (UL) and as a receiver in the downlink (DL). In the implementation of the present specification, a base station can operate as a receiver in the UL and as a transmitter in the DL. For the sake of convenience of description, it is mainly assumed below that the first wireless device (100) operates as a UE and the second wireless device (200) operates as a base station. For example, a processor (102) connected to, mounted on, or released in the first wireless device (100) can be configured to perform UE operations according to the implementation of the present specification or to control a transceiver (106) to perform UE operations according to the implementation of the present specification. A processor (202) connected to, mounted on, or released in the second wireless device (200) can be configured to perform base station operations according to the implementation of the present specification or to control a transceiver (206) to perform base station operations according to the implementation of the present specification.

[0071] In this specification, a base station may be referred to as a Node B, an eNode B (eNB), or a gNB.

[0072] Figure 3 shows an example of a UE to which the implementation of this specification is applied.

[0073] Figure 3 shows an example of a UE to which the implementation of this specification is applied.

[0074] Referring to FIG. 3, the UE (100) can correspond to the first wireless device (100) of FIG. 2.

[0075] The UE (100) includes a processor (102), memory (104), a transceiver (106), one or more antennas (108), a power management module (141), a battery (142), a display (143), a keypad (144), a SIM (Subscriber Identification Module) card (145), a speaker (146), and a microphone (147).

[0076] The processor (102) may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. The processor (102) may be configured to control one or more other components of the UE (100) to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. A layer of a radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor (102). The processor (102) may include an ASIC, other chipsets, logic circuits and / or data processing devices. The processor (102) may be an application processor. The processor (102) may include at least one of a DSP, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). An example of the processor (102) is the SNAPDRAGON manufactured by Qualcomm®. TM Series processors, EXYNOS made by Samsung® TM Series processors, A-series processors made by Apple®, HELIO made by MediaTek® TM ATOM series processors made by Intel® TM It can be found in the series processors or the corresponding next-generation processors.

[0077] Memory (104) is operatively coupled to the processor (102) and stores various information for operating the processor (102). Memory (104) may include ROM, RAM, flash memory, memory cards, storage media, and / or other storage devices. When the implementation is implemented in software, the techniques described herein may be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. The modules may be stored in memory (104) and executed by the processor (102). Memory (104) may be implemented within the processor (102) or external to the processor (102), in which case it may be communicatively coupled to the processor (102) via various methods known in the art.

[0078] A transceiver (106) is operably coupled to the processor (102) and transmits and / or receives a radio signal. The transceiver (106) includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver (106) may include a baseband circuit for processing a radio frequency signal. The transceiver (106) controls one or more antennas (108) to transmit and / or receive a radio signal.

[0079] The power management module (141) manages the power of the processor (102) and / or the transceiver (106). The battery (142) supplies power to the power management module (141).

[0080] The display (143) outputs the results processed by the processor (102). The keypad (144) receives input to be used by the processor (102). The keypad (144) can be displayed on the display (143).

[0081] A SIM card (145) is an integrated circuit that securely stores an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and associated keys, and is used to identify and authenticate subscribers in mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers. Additionally, many SIM cards can store contact information.

[0082] The speaker (146) outputs sound-related results processed by the processor (102). The microphone (147) receives sound-related input to be used by the processor (102).

[0083] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a next-generation mobile communications network.

[0084] 5GC (5G Core) may include various components, and in FIG. 5, some of them include AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) (410), SMF (Session Management Function) (420), PCF (Policy Control Function) (430), UPF (User Plane Function) (440), AF (Application Function) (450), UDM (Unified Data Management) (460), and N3IWF (Non-3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) Inter Working Function) (490).

[0085] The UE (100) is connected to a data network via UPF (440) through a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) including a gNB (20).

[0086] The UE (100) can also receive data services via untrusted non-3GPP access, such as a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). To connect the non-3GPP access to the core network, an N3IWF (490) may be deployed.

[0087] The illustrated N3IWF (490) performs the function of managing interworking between non-3GPP access and 5G system. When UE (100) is connected to non-3GPP access (e.g., WiFi, referred to as IEEE 801.11), UE (100) can be connected to 5G system through N3IWF (490). N3IWF (490) performs control signaling with AMF (410) and is connected to UPF (440) through N3 interface for data transmission.

[0088] The illustrated AMF (410) can manage access and mobility in a 5G system. The AMF (410) can perform functions to manage Non-Access Stratum (NAS) security. The AMF (410) can perform functions to handle mobility in the idle state.

[0089] The illustrated UPF (440) is a type of gateway through which user data is transmitted and received. The UPF node (440) can perform all or part of the user plane functions of the S-GW (Serving Gateway) and P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway) of 4th generation mobile communications.

[0090] The UPF (440) acts as a boundary point between the next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) and the core network, and is an element that maintains a data path between the gNB (20) and the SMF (420). In addition, when the UE (100) moves across the area served by the gNB (20), the UPF (440) acts as a mobility anchor point. The UPF (440) can perform a function of handling PDUs. For mobility within the NG-RAN (Next Generation-Radio Access Network defined after 3GPP Release-15), the UPF can route packets. Additionally, the UPF (440) may also function as an anchor point for mobility with other 3GPP networks (RANs defined before 3GPP Release-15, e.g., UTRAN, E-UTRAN (Evolved-UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Terrestrial Radio Access Network)) or GERAN (GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) / EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution) Radio Access Network). The UPF (440) may correspond to a termination point of a data interface toward a data network.

[0091] The illustrated PCF (430) is a node that controls the business operator's policy.

[0092] The illustrated AF (450) is a server for providing various services to the UE (100).

[0093] The illustrated UDM (460) is a type of server that manages subscriber information, such as the HSS (Home Subscriber Server) of 4th generation mobile communications. The UDM (460) stores and manages the subscriber information in a Unified Data Repository (UDR).

[0094] The illustrated SMF (420) can perform the function of allocating an IP (Internet Protocol) address of the UE. In addition, the SMF (420) can control a PDU (protocol data unit) session.

[0095] For reference, the drawing symbols for AMF (410), SMF (420), PCF (430), UPF (440), AF (450), UDM (460), N3IWF (490), gNB (20), or UE (100) may be omitted below.

[0096] 5G mobile communications support multiple numerologies, or subcarrier spacing (SCS), to support diverse 5G services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS supports wide areas in traditional cellular bands. A 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS supports dense urban environments, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. An SCS of 60 kHz or higher supports bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0097] Figure 5 shows an example of a 5G system structure to which the implementation of this specification is applied.

[0098] The 5G system (5GS; 5G system) structure consists of the following network functions (NF; Network Function).

[0099] - AUSF (Authentication Server Function)

[0100] - AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function)

[0101] - DN (Data Network), 예를 들어 운영자 서비스, 인터넷 접속 또는 타사 서비스

[0102] - USDF (Unstructured Data Storage Function)

[0103] - NEF (Network Exposure Function)

[0104] - I-NEF (Intermediate NEF)

[0105] - NRF (Network Repository Function)

[0106] - NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function)

[0107] - PCF (Policy Control Function)

[0108] - SMF (Session Management Function)

[0109] - UDM (Unified Data Management)

[0110] - UDR (Unified Data Repository)

[0111] - UPF (User Plane Function)

[0112] - UCMF (UE radio Capability Management Function)

[0113] - AF (Application Function)

[0114] - UE (User Equipment)

[0115] - (R)AN ((Radio) Access Network)

[0116] - 5G-EIR (5G-Equipment Identity Register)

[0117] - NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function)

[0118] - CHF (CHarging Function)

[0119] Additionally, the following network features may be considered:

[0120] - N3IWF (Non-3GPP InterWorking Function)

[0121] - TNGF (Trusted Non-3GPP Gateway Function)

[0122] - W-AGF (Wireline Access Gateway Function)

[0123] Figure 5 illustrates the 5G system architecture for a non-roaming case using a reference point representation showing how various network functions interact with each other.

[0124] For clarity of the point-to-point diagram in Figure 5, UDSF, NEF, and NRF are not illustrated. However, all network functions shown can interact with UDSF, UDR, NEF, and NRF as needed.

[0125] For clarity, the connection between UDR and other NFs (e.g., PCF) is not shown in Fig. 4. For clarity, the connection between NWDAF and other NFs (e.g., PCF) is not shown in Fig. 4.

[0126] The 5G system architecture includes the following benchmarks:

[0127] - N1: Reference point between UE and AMF.

[0128] - N2: Reference point between (R)AN and AMF.

[0129] - N3: Reference point between (R)AN and UPF.

[0130] - N4: Reference point between SMF and UPF.

[0131] - N6: Reference point between UPF and data network.

[0132] - N9: Reference point between two UPFs.

[0133] The following benchmarks illustrate the interactions that exist between NF services in NF.

[0134] - N5: Reference point between PCF and AF.

[0135] - N7: Reference point between SMF and PCF.

[0136] - N8: Reference point between UDM and AMF.

[0137] - N10: Reference point between UDM and SMF.

[0138] - N11: Reference point between AMF and SMF.

[0139] - N12: Reference point between AMF and AUSF.

[0140] - N13: Reference point between UDM and AUSF.

[0141] - N14: Reference point between two AMFs.

[0142] - N15: Reference point between PCF and AMF for non-roaming scenarios, and reference point between PCF and AMF of visited network for roaming scenarios.

[0143] - N16: Reference point between two SMFs (in case of roaming, between the SMF of the visited network and the SMF of the home network)

[0144] - N22: Reference point between AMF and NSSF.

[0145] In some cases, two NFs may need to be interconnected to serve a UE.

[0146] In 5GS, discussions are underway regarding the provision of energy-efficient services. Furthermore, discussions are ongoing regarding energy efficiency and energy saving.

[0147] Depending on operator policies, network energy-related information (e.g., energy consumption, energy efficiency, renewable energy, and carbon emissions) may be exposed to authorized consumers on the network.

[0148] The following aspects may be of concern when supporting network energy-related information disclosure:

[0149] - Whether and what network energy-related information can be exposed.

[0150] - At what level of granularity (e.g. network slice, UE, NF, PDU session, QoS flow, etc.) can network energy-related information be exposed?

[0151] - How to expose network energy-related information.

[0152] - How and with what network energy-related information can network entities (e.g. RAN nodes, 5GC NFs) obtain network energy-related information to support exposure of network energy-related information.

[0153] Specific measures may be proposed to expose network energy-related information to authorized network consumers.

[0154] The proposed method for providing exposure of energy-related information may be comprised of a combination of one or more of the actions / configurations / steps described herein.

[0155] A consumer in this specification may be an authorized consumer.

[0156] In this specification, UE (User Equipment) and terminal are used interchangeably.

[0157] In this specification, the terms Subscriber and User are used interchangeably.

[0158] In this specification, Application Function (AF) and Application Server (AS) are used interchangeably.

[0159] In this specification, service, application and application service may be interpreted as the same unless otherwise specified.

[0160] In this specification, network energy related information and energy related information are used interchangeably.

[0161] In this specification, notification and reporting are used interchangeably.

[0162] In this specification, network energy related information on energy related to carbon emissions is described interchangeably with carbon emission related information.

[0163] In this specification, energy related to carbon emissions is described interchangeably with carbon-related energy, non-renewable energy, etc.

[0164] This specification mainly describes the proposed content.

[0165] As for 5G system architecture, related procedures, related functions, related policies, etc., the contents of TS 23.501 v18.3.0, TS 23.502 v18.3.0, and TS 23.503 v18.3.0 can basically be applied to the method proposed in this specification.

[0166] Authorized consumers (e.g., industrial / vertical customers, 5GC NFs) can request 5GC to expose network energy-related information about network slices, UEs, NFs, PDU sessions, 5QIs, etc.

[0167] To support the exposure of energy-related information to authorized consumers, 5GC may obtain network energy-related information from network entities (e.g., RAN nodes, 5GC NFs).

[0168] In this specification, a new NF called EESSF (Energy Efficiency and Saving Support Function) can be proposed to support this.

[0169] Unlike the EESSF, the new NF can be called by various names. For example, the new NF can be called the Energy Efficiency and Saving Function, the Network Energy-related Information Repository, the Energy Efficiency and Saving NF, etc.

[0170] EESSF can be supported by or co-located with existing NFs (e.g. NEF, UDR, NWDAF).

[0171] An EESSF may be an existing NF (e.g., NEF, UDR, NWDAF). In this case, the existing NF may perform the operations of the EESSF described herein.

[0172] Alternatively, instead of defining a separate function called EESSF, a conventional NF may provide the functionality related to network energy related information exposure proposed in this specification.

[0173] Figure 6 illustrates an example of exposure of energy-related information according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0174] (1) Step 1. AF can subscribe to network energy-related information by sending a Nnef_EnergyInfo_Subscribe request (AF request) to NEF.

[0175] The above AF request may include parameters i to viii, which are described below.

[0176] i) Granularity of Reporting: For example, network slice, UE, NF, PDU session, 5QI (5G QoS Identifier), application, application service, DNN, combination of DNN and S-NSSAI, resource type, QoS flow, etc.

[0177] The granularity of a report can be referred to as the target of the report, the type of report, etc. The granularity of a report can be provided as part of filter information.

[0178] ii) Filter Information:

[0179] - S-NSSAI(s): Mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is Network Slice, otherwise optional

[0180] - A single UE, a list of UEs, or a group of UEs: mandatory if the granularity of reporting is UE, otherwise optional.

[0181] Various identification information, such as GPSI, SUPI, and UE IP address information, can be used as identifiers for UEs. Various identification information, such as the Internal Group ID and External Group ID, can be used as identifiers for a group of UEs.

[0182] - NF(Network Function)(s): Mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is NF, otherwise optional

[0183] For example, an AF request may include information about NF types such as UPF, SMF, AMF, PCF, NG-RAN, etc. The information about NF types such as UPF, SMF, AMF, PCF, NG-RAN, etc. may be in an indexed form based on predefined index values ​​(e.g., 1=UPF, 2=SMF, 3=AMF, etc.).

[0184] For example, an AF request may include identifying information for a particular NF(s) (e.g., 5GC NF ID, 5GC NF IP address, FQDN, etc.).

[0185] An AF request may contain both information about the above NF type and identification information about a specific NF(s), or may contain only one of these.

[0186] - One or more combinations of DNN and S-NSSAI: mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is PDU Session, otherwise optional

[0187] If the granularity of the report is PDU session, the AF request may also include IP address information of the PDU session (which may be UE IP address information) or MAC address information of the PDU session (which may be UE IP address information).

[0188] - 5QI value(s): Mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is 5QI or QoS Flow, otherwise optional

[0189] - Application ID(s): Mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is Application, otherwise optional

[0190] - Application Service ID(s): Mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is Application Service, otherwise optional

[0191] - DNN(s): Mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is DNN, otherwise optional

[0192] - List of combinations of DNN and S-NSSAI: Mandatory if the granularity of reporting is a combination of DNN and S-NSSAI, otherwise optional.

[0193] - Mandatory if Granularity of Reporting is Resource Type, otherwise optional

[0194] - Area of ​​Interest (optional)

[0195] Areas of interest can be various forms of area / location information (e.g., geographical area information, address information, tracking area information, cell information, RAN node information, etc.).

[0196] When the NEF receives an AF request containing geographical area information or address information from the AF, the NEF can convert the geographical area information or address information into area / location information (e.g., tracking area information, cell information, RAN node information, etc.) that the 3GPP network understands.

[0197] - Energy type information (optional)

[0198] Energy type related information may be information indicating whether AF requests network energy related information on carbon emission related energy and / or network energy related information on renewable energy.

[0199] - Time Window (optional)

[0200] To request that the amount of energy used / consumed or energy credits be measured / collected during a time window corresponding to the time window, the AF may include the time window in the AF request.

[0201] A time window may be referred to as time validity information. An AF request may include multiple time window information.

[0202] Filter information may be referred to as filtering criteria, etc.

[0203] iii) Reporting Mode: Periodic reporting mode or threshold-based reporting mode;

[0204] When in periodic reporting mode, the AF request may include periodic information.

[0205] In threshold-based reporting mode, the AF request may include a threshold. For example, the threshold may be a maximum energy credit limit or a maximum energy consumption (i.e., the amount of energy consumed over a specified period).

[0206] If AF requests both network energy-related information for carbon emissions-related energy and network energy-related information for renewable energy, the AF request may include thresholds for each.

[0207] The aforementioned threshold may be a value lower than the actual maximum energy credit limit or maximum energy consumption.

[0208] The aforementioned thresholds may be set / included as values ​​in multiple steps.

[0209] Additionally, AFs can request immediate reporting. That is, the AF request can include information indicating that the AF is requesting immediate reporting. In this case, AFs can receive network energy-related information at the time of subscription (or at the current time).

[0210] In addition to the aforementioned reporting mode parameters, various other formats / information may be used. In this regard, the Event Reporting Information section of TS 23.502 v18.3.0, Section 4.15.1, may be applied.

[0211] iv) Request Top Contributors (Optional): This request may request a list of one or more top contributors who contribute the most to energy consumption (e.g., as shown below). The list may be sorted in descending order of their contribution to energy consumption. The request for top contributors may request a list of top energy contributors among the energy consumption related to the granularity / target of the report. The granularity / target of the report and the top contributors may be different.

[0212] - If the reporting granularity is network slice, the list of UEs that contribute most to the energy consumption for the requested S-NSSAI.

[0213] - If the reporting granularity is a network slice and multiple S-NSSAIs are provided as filter information, the list of S-NSSAIs that contribute most to energy consumption.

[0214] - If the reporting granularity is UE, the list of S-NSSAIs that contribute most to the energy consumption for the requested UE.

[0215] - If the reporting granularity is UE and a UE list or UE group is provided as filter information, the list of UEs that contribute the most to energy consumption.

[0216] - If the reporting granularity is PDU session, a list of 5QI values ​​that contribute most to energy consumption for the requested DNN and S-NSSAI combination.

[0217] - If the reporting granularity is 5QI, a list of UEs that contribute most to energy consumption for the requested 5QI value.

[0218] - If the reporting granularity is QoS flow, a list of UEs that contribute most to energy consumption for the requested 5QI value.

[0219] - If the reporting granularity is an application or application service, a list of UEs that contribute most to the energy consumption for the requested application or application service.

[0220] - If the reporting granularity is DNN or a combination of DNN and S-NSSAI, a list of applications that contribute most to the energy consumption for the requested DNN or combination of DNN and S-NSSAI.

[0221] - If the reporting granularity is resource type, a list of applications that contribute most to energy consumption for the requested resource type.

[0222] If necessary, the maximum number (or specific number) of top contributors to be included in a list (e.g., a UE list) can be requested from the AF or configured in the EESSF. That is, the filter information can include information about the maximum number of top contributors to be included in the list. In this case, the EESSF can include a list of top contributors that satisfy the maximum number (or specific number) in the report to be transmitted to the AF.

[0223] If all contributors contribute to energy consumption at similar or identical levels, this information (that all contributors contribute to energy consumption at similar or identical levels) can be provided to AF instead of the top contributor list. In other words, information indicating that the contributors' energy consumption / use amounts are similar, identical, or have no difference can be provided to AF.

[0224] v) Indication to request ordered list of contributors (optional): This indication may be a request to provide a list of one or more contributors, sorted in descending order by their contribution to energy consumption (relevant to the granularity / target of the report). For example:

[0225] - If the reporting granularity is a network slice, a sorted list of UEs contributing to the energy consumption of the requested S-NSSAI.

[0226] - If the reporting granularity is a network slice and multiple S-NSSAIs are provided as filter information, a sorted list of S-NSSAIs that contribute to energy consumption.

[0227] - If the reporting granularity is UE, a sorted list of S-NSSAIs contributing to the energy consumption of the requested UE.

[0228] - If the reporting granularity is UE and a UE list or UE group is provided as filter information, a sorted list of UEs contributing to energy consumption.

[0229] - If the reporting granularity is PDU session, an ordered list of 5QI values ​​contributing to the energy consumption of the requested DNN and S-NSSAI combination.

[0230] - If the reporting granularity is 5QI, a sorted list of UEs contributing to the energy consumption of the requested 5QI value.

[0231] - If the reporting granularity is QoS Flow, a sorted list of UEs contributing to the energy consumption for the requested 5QI value.

[0232] - If the reporting granularity is an application or application service, an ordered list of UEs contributing to the energy consumption for the requested application or application service.

[0233] - If the reporting granularity is a DNN or a combination of DNN and S-NSSAI, a sorted list of applications that contribute to the energy consumption for the requested DNN or combination of DNN and S-NSSAI.

[0234] - If the reporting granularity is a resource type, a sorted list of applications that contribute to the energy consumption for the requested resource type.

[0235] If all contributors contribute to energy consumption at similar or identical levels, this information (that all contributors contribute to energy consumption at similar or identical levels) can be provided to AF instead of the contributor list. In other words, information indicating that the contributors' energy consumption / use amounts are similar, identical, or have no difference can be provided to AF.

[0236] If the Request for Sorted Contributor List indication parameter is included in an AF request, the AF request may include an indication requesting top contributors or an indication requesting contributors as a sorted list. Alternatively, the AF request may include both an indication requesting top contributors and an indication requesting contributors as a sorted list.

[0237] As AF requests include a top contributor request indication or a sorted contributor list request indication, the list included in the granularity reporting of the report sent to AF is not limited to the list described in this specification.

[0238] That is, the list of contributors can be explicit, implicit, implicit, or a combination of forms.

[0239] Reports sent to AF may contain a list of contributors in an explicit, implicit, implicit or combination form.

[0240] A list of reports sent to AF may be included as an additional list depending on the Granularity of Reporting.

[0241] A list of reports sent to AF may be included in place of other lists depending on the Granularity of Reporting.

[0242] The report sent to the AF may include a list of specific 5GC NFs, RAN nodes, Traffic Descriptors, Service Data Flows, etc.

[0243] A report sent to AF may contain multiple lists of various types. For example, if the granularity of reporting is network slice, the report sent to AF may contain a list of 5QI values.

[0244] Reports sent to the AF may additionally include different types of information for each contributor within a single list. For example, if the granularity of reporting is network slices, the report sent to the AF may also include, for each UE in a list of UEs, the order of the 5QI values ​​that contributed most to energy consumption.

[0245] In reports sent to AF, the contribution to energy consumption can be expressed in the form of ranking information for contributors.

[0246] Reports sent to AF may include, for each contributor, energy consumption (usage) and / or energy consumption / usage rate (as a percentage of total energy consumption (usage) and / or as a percentage of energy consumption (usage) of the top contributors included in the top contributor list), and information regarding the time (or time zone) of highest energy consumption (usage) (e.g., peak time).

[0247] Reports sent to AF may also include information on the percentage of energy consumption / usage of the top contributors included in the top contributor list out of the energy consumption (usage) of all contributors (all contributors consuming energy relevant to the granularity / target of the report).

[0248] The list of contributors included in the report sent to AF may be based on filter information included in the AF request (e.g., limited to the region, limited to the UEs, limited to the S-NSSAIs, etc.).

[0249] The list of contributors included in reports sent to AF may include separate lists for carbon emission related energy and renewable energy.

[0250] Alternatively, the list of contributors included in the report sent to AF may include a comprehensive list of carbon emission related energy and renewable energy, along with information on the percentage of energy contributed by each contributor.

[0251] The list of contributors included in the report sent to AF may be sorted in descending or ascending order.

[0252] Even if the AF request does not include an indication to request top contributors or an indication to request an ordered list of contributors, EESSF may include the aforementioned list of contributors in the report (or notification) sent to AF based on operator policy, local configuration, subscriber information, etc.

[0253] vi) Request for information on energy type: This may be information requesting whether the information contained in the report (or notification) transmitted to the AF is network energy-related information on carbon emission-related energy or network energy-related information on renewable energy. The information contained in the report (or notification) transmitted to the AF may also be provided in the form of a proportion of each.

[0254] vii) Request for Renewable Energy Information: This may be information requesting information on whether the information contained in the report (or notification) transmitted to the AF is network energy-related information regarding renewable energy. The information contained in the report (or notification) transmitted to the AF may also be provided in the form of the percentage of renewable energy.

[0255] viii) Request for Peak Time related to energy consumption information: This is information requesting information on the time (or time zone) when energy consumption (use) is the highest.

[0256] In addition to the parameters described above, an AF request may include various parameters related to reporting (or notification). For example, an AF request may include information regarding the cycle for collecting / measuring energy consumption-related data / information. For example, an AF request may include information regarding the accuracy and confidence level of the provided network energy-related information.

[0257] When NEF transmits network energy-related information, renewable energy, and carbon emission information for a specific terminal upon AF request, NEF can check whether there is user consent for the specific terminal.

[0258] The UDR / UDM may store user consent information for a terminal. NEF can retrieve user consent information from the UDR / UDM. Through interaction with the UDR / UDM, NEF can determine whether user consent exists for a specific terminal.

[0259] At this time, if the NEF confirms that the user consent of a specific terminal is not obtained, the NEF may not include information about the specific terminal in the report transmitted to the AF. Alternatively, the NEF may remove the UE ID information that can distinguish the specific terminal or change it to a different ID form that cannot infer the specific terminal and include it in the report transmitted to the AF. If the NEF confirms that the user consent of a specific terminal is not obtained, the NEF may include a cause, etc., indicating that the user consent of the specific terminal is not obtained in the report transmitted to the AF.

[0260] This process (where the NEF verifies whether a specific terminal has user consent) can be performed at the time the AF requests energy-related information from the NEF.

[0261] Through this process (the process by which NEF verifies whether a specific terminal has user consent), NEF can only obtain energy-related information for terminals with user consent.

[0262] Alternatively, NEF may obtain energy-related information without user consent. Subsequently, at the time of reporting to AF, NEF may verify whether the user consents to a specific terminal.

[0263] The process of verifying whether the user consent of a specific terminal is obtained by the aforementioned NEF may be performed by the EESSF instead of the NEF.

[0264] The EESSF can transmit to the AF a list of high-level contributors (e.g., terminals) that consume significant amounts of energy, based on the granularity / target of the report. For each high-level contributor (e.g., terminal) included in the list, the EESSF can verify whether user consent has been obtained, as described above. For terminals without user consent, the terminal ID can be removed or converted to a different ID format for inclusion in the list.

[0265] (2) Step 2. NEF can send a Neessf_EnergyInfo_Subscribe request to EESSF based on the AF request received in Step 1.

[0266] Through this, NEF can subscribe to EESSF for network energy-related information.

[0267] The Neessf_EnergyInfo_Subscribe request to EESSF may include parameters included in the AF request.

[0268] Even if the AF request does not contain any of the parameters described in step 1, the NEF may generate the missing parameters and transmit them to the EESSF.

[0269] Even if the AF request does not contain any of the parameters described in step 1, the NEF can generate parameters for the information required for the mouth and transmit them to the EESSF.

[0270] NEF can receive AF requests (Nnef_EnergyInfo_Subscribe requests) from multiple AFs. In this case, NEF can merge multiple AF requests and send a single Neessf_EnergyInfo_Subscribe request to a single EESSF for subscription.

[0271] (3) Step 3. EESSP can send a response to the request to NEF.

[0272] (4) Step 4. NEF can send a response to the AF request.

[0273] (5) Step 5. EESSF can interact with other 5GC NF(s) to obtain requested energy-related information.

[0274] Through this, EESSF can obtain requested energy-related information.

[0275] Even without a request from the EESSF, 5GC NF(s) may provide energy-related information to the EESSF based on local configuration, operator policy, etc. This process may be performed periodically. This process may be performed when a set threshold value is exceeded. This process may be performed upon the occurrence of an event. This process may also be performed under various other conditions.

[0276] (6) Step 6. EESSF can interact with OAM to obtain requested energy-related information related to NG-RAN.

[0277] Through this, EESSF can obtain requested energy-related information related to NG-RAN.

[0278] Even without a request from the EESSF, the OAM can provide energy-related information to the EESSF based on local configuration, operator policy, etc. This process can be performed periodically. This process can be performed when a set threshold value is exceeded. This process can be performed upon the occurrence of an event. This process can also be performed under various other conditions.

[0279] If necessary, the EESSF may interact with the AF(s) to obtain requested energy-related information. That is, the EESSF may interact with the AF(s) to obtain information about the energy used (consumed) by the AF(s).

[0280] The EESSF can obtain energy-related information not only from 5GC NF(s) or OAM, but also through AF. For example, if information on energy consumed by a specific 5GC NF is needed, the EESSF can send information about the specific 5GC NF (e.g., 5GC NF ID, 5GC NF IP address, FQDN, etc.) to the AF. At this time, the EESSF can inform which energy information (e.g., energy consumption, carbon emission energy, renewable energy) it wants. The EESSF can receive the related information from the AF. In addition, the EESSF can send the related information together if it wants to know the information at a granularity (e.g., UE, PDU session, S-NSSAI, 5QI, etc.). This information can be in the form of UE ID (e.g., SUPI, GPSI), S-NSSAI, 5QI, N4 session ID, AMF UE NGAP ID, RAN UE NGAP ID, etc.

[0281] Information about AFs (information about which AFs can provide which energy-related information) can be provided to the EESSF via NRF Discovery. Alternatively, the energy-related information that the EESSF can obtain from AFs can be pre-configured in the EESSF.

[0282] If each of the multiple AFs can provide different energy-related information, the EESSF may request energy-related information from the multiple AFs.

[0283] AFs can register their information (energy-related information they can provide) with the NRF. Then, the EESSF can interact with the NRF to receive this information. Based on the information provided, the EESSF can request the necessary information from the AF, which stores it.

[0284] If EESSF has preset information about AFs (information about which AFs can provide which energy-related information), EESSF may also store information about which AFs should be used for each type of energy-related information.

[0285] The AF providing the aforementioned energy-related information may be interpreted as an energy-related server, an OAM server, a cloud server, or a server operated by a business operator.

[0286] The AF that provides the aforementioned energy-related information can collect energy-related information.

[0287] The AF providing the aforementioned energy-related information may not have a standardized interface with the 5GC NFs (or the function / server / logic for collecting energy-related information for each 5GC NF) and the NG-RANs (or the function / server / logic for collecting energy-related information for each NG-RAN) to obtain energy-related information from the 5GC NF(s), NG-RAN(s).

[0288] The AF providing the aforementioned energy-related information may perform some or all of the functions of the EESSF. In this case, the NEF may acquire energy-related information by interacting with the AF on behalf of (or in addition to) the EESSF. This process may be skipped if the EESSF has already acquired the necessary energy-related information (through interaction with 5GC NFs, OAM, and AFs).

[0289] (7) Step 7. EESSF may determine that reporting to AF is necessary based on the energy-related information obtained and AF request.

[0290] (8) Step 8. EESSF can send Neessf_EnergyInfo_Notify to NEF.

[0291] Neessf_EnergyInfo_Notify may contain reports to be sent to AF.

[0292] Neessf_EnergyInfo_Notify can contain network energy related information.

[0293] Network energy-related information contained in a Neessf_EnergyInfo_Notify may be based on an AF request. Network energy-related information contained in a Neessf_EnergyInfo_Notify may include: an indication that the maximum energy credit limit has been reached / exceeded, a list of top contributors for the requested reporting unit, remaining energy credit limits, information about energy consumption / levels, information about energy efficiency, renewable energy, and carbon emissions, and an indication that the energy credit limit (or energy consumption) has no longer been reached / exceeded.

[0294] That is, the network energy-related information included in Neessf_EnergyInfo_Notify may correspond to the information described in step 1.

[0295] EESSF can provide (or report, notify) various energy-related information based on local configuration, operator policy, etc. even if AF did not request it.

[0296] (9) Step 9. NEF can send Nnef_EnergyInfo_Notify (or report) to AF.

[0297] Nnef_EnergyInfo_Notify can contain network energy-related information.

[0298] Nnef_EnergyInfo_Notify may contain information received from EESSF.

[0299] AF can perform various actions based on the received network energy-related information.

[0300] For example, for a target (e.g., network slice, UE, etc.) whose maximum energy credit limit is reached / exceeded, the AF can lower the service level or adapt the application service parameters. Accordingly, the AF can perform an action to provide / reflect the corresponding content to the 5GC.

[0301] For example, for a target (e.g., a network slice, UE, etc.) whose maximum energy credit limit has been reached / exceeded, the AF may decide not to provide service. Accordingly, the AF may perform an action to provide / reflect the corresponding information to the 5GC.

[0302] These actions (lowering service level / adapting specific parameters / not providing service) can be performed on contributors included in the top contributor list (e.g., S-NSSAIs, UEs, etc.).

[0303] Alternatively, these actions (lowering service level / adapting specific parameters / not providing service) can be performed at a larger level for contributors included in the top contributor list.

[0304] For example, if a particular network slice reaches (or exceeds) its maximum energy credit limit, AF may reduce the bit rate for all terminals using that particular network slice. In this case, AF may reduce the bit rate for terminals included in the top contributor list more significantly than for other terminals.

[0305] Thereafter, whenever the EESSF determines that reporting to the AF is necessary, the EESSF may provide network energy-related information to the NEF, which may then provide this to the AF.

[0306] AF can then invoke Nnef_EnergyInfo_Subscribe and provide the Subscription Correlation ID to update the filter information for that subscription.

[0307] Alternatively, a service operation (e.g., Nnef_EnergyInfo_Update) may be defined and used to cause AF to update an existing subscription.

[0308] AF may also request (or subscribe to) EESSF to provide / report network energy-related information directly without going through NEF.

[0309] If an AF no longer wishes to provide network energy-related information, it can unsubscribe. A service action (e.g., Nnef_EnergyInfo_Unsubscribe) can be defined and used for this purpose.

[0310] Instead of requesting network energy-related information in a subscription-based manner, AFs can request it in a one-time request manner. A service action (e.g., Nnef_EnergyInfo_Request) can be defined and used for this purpose.

[0311] Non-AF 5GC NFs (e.g., PCF, SMF, AMF, etc.) may also request (or subscribe to) the provision / reporting of network energy-related information to the EESSF. In this case, the AF in the above description may be interpreted as a 5GC NF.

[0312] For NEF service operations (e.g. step 1, step 4, step 9), existing service operations may be extended / modified and used instead of defining a new Nnef_EnergyInfo service operation.

[0313] The network energy-related information reported above may be based on one or more of statistics, measurements, and predictions.

[0314] For example, the network energy-related information reported above may be a list of top contributors determined based on energy consumption statistics (e.g., by EESSF).

[0315] For example, the network energy-related information reported above may be a list of top contributors (e.g., by EESSF) determined based on the results of energy consumption measurements (e.g., energy consumption measurements for all contributors).

[0316] For example, the network energy-related information reported above may be a list of top contributors (predicted top contributors) determined based on a prediction of future energy consumption (e.g., by EESSF).

[0317] Through the embodiments of this specification, the network provides energy-related information to NFs such as AF and 5GC NFs at various granularities, thereby enabling the NFs to know the current state of energy use (consumption) and perform energy-efficient / saving operations.

[0318] AF can subscribe to a service that provides network energy-related information through NEF.

[0319] NEF can subscribe to a service that provides network energy-related information through EESSF.

[0320] EESSF can obtain necessary network energy-related information through interaction with 5GC NFs and OAM.

[0321] The EESSF may determine that reporting (or notification) of network energy-related information is required.

[0322] EESSF can provide network energy-related information to NEF.

[0323] NEF can provide network energy-related information to AF.

[0324] The following drawings are intended to illustrate specific examples of the present specification. The names of specific devices and the names of specific signals, messages, and fields depicted in the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific names used in the drawings.

[0325] Figure 7 illustrates the NF procedure for the disclosure of this specification.

[0326] 1. NF (Network Function) can receive AF requests from AF (Application Function).

[0327] The above AF request may include a subject of report.

[0328] The above AF request may include a list request including the top energy-consuming contributors among all energy-consuming contributors related to energy consumption for the subject of the above report.

[0329] 2. The NF can receive information on energy consumption related to the subject of the above report from other NFs or OAM (Operations, Administration and Maintenance).

[0330] 3. Based on the information about the above energy consumption, the NF can determine the top contributor.

[0331] 4. Based on the above AF request, the NF can transmit an energy report to the AF.

[0332] The above energy report may include a top list including the determined top contributors.

[0333] The target of the above report may be a UE (User Equipment), a network slice, or a PDU session.

[0334] The above upper contributors can be UEs, network slices, PDU sessions, or applications.

[0335] The contributor determined above may be UE.

[0336] The above NF can determine whether the user consents to the above UE.

[0337] Based on the above NF determining that there is no user consent for the UE, the upper list may not include an ID (Identity) for the UE.

[0338] The steps by which the above NF determines whether the user consents to the above UE are:

[0339] The above NF may include a step of interacting with a User Data Repository (UDR) or Unified Data Management (UDM) to obtain information about user consent for the UE.

[0340] The above AF request may contain a maximum number of lists.

[0341] The number of top contributors determined above may not exceed the maximum number above.

[0342] The step of the above NF determining the top contributor may include: the step of the above NF determining that all the energy consuming contributors consume the same energy.

[0343] The above energy report may include information that all of the above energy consuming contributors consume the same amount of energy.

[0344] The above AF request may include a request for peak times when energy consumption is highest.

[0345] Based on the information about the above energy consumption, the NF can determine the peak time when energy consumption is the highest.

[0346] The above energy report may include the determined peak time.

[0347] The steps taken by the above NF to determine the top contributors are:

[0348] This can be done based on statistics on past energy consumption of all energy consuming contributors.

[0349] The steps taken by the above NF to determine the top contributors are:

[0350] It can be performed based on the results of energy consumption measurements for all energy consumption contributors.

[0351] The steps taken by the above NF to determine the top contributors are:

[0352] It can be done based on predictions of future energy consumption of all energy consuming contributors.

[0353] The above NF may be an Energy Efficiency and Saving Support Function (EESSF).

[0354] The above NF may be a Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF).

[0355] Hereinafter, a device for performing communication according to some embodiments of the present specification will be described.

[0356] For example, a device may include a processor, a transceiver, and memory.

[0357] For example, a processor may be configured to be operatively coupled with memory and a processor.

[0358] The operations performed by the processor include: receiving an AF request from an AF; the AF request includes a subject of a report, and the AF request includes a list request including top contributors with high energy consumption among all energy consumption contributors related to energy consumption for the subject of the report, receiving information on energy consumption related to the subject of the report from another NF or OAM; determining a top contributor based on the information on the energy consumption; and transmitting an energy report to the AF based on the AF request, wherein the energy report may include a top list including the determined top contributors.

[0359] Below, a processor of a device for providing communication according to some embodiments of the present specification is described.

[0360] The operations performed by the above processor are:

[0361] A method comprising: receiving an AF request from an AF; wherein the AF request includes a subject of a report; and wherein the AF request includes a list request including top contributors with high energy consumption among all energy consumption contributors related to energy consumption for the subject of the report; receiving information on energy consumption related to the subject of the report from another NF or OAM; determining a top contributor based on the information on the energy consumption; and transmitting an energy report to the AF based on the AF request, wherein the energy report may include a top list including the determined top contributors.

[0362] Hereinafter, a non-volatile computer-readable medium storing one or more commands for providing mobile communication according to some embodiments of the present specification is described.

[0363] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical features of the present disclosure may be implemented directly in hardware, software executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. For example, a method performed by a wireless device in wireless communication may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, the software may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or other storage media.

[0364] Some examples of storage media are coupled to the processor, allowing the processor to read information from the storage media. Alternatively, the storage media may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage media may reside in an ASIC. In other examples, the processor and storage media may reside as separate components.

[0365] Computer-readable media may include tangible and non-volatile computer-readable storage media.

[0366] For example, nonvolatile computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), such as synchronized dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM), read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage media, or any other media that can be used to store instructions or data structures. Nonvolatile computer-readable media may also include combinations of the above.

[0367] Additionally, the methods described herein can be realized at least in part by a computer-readable communication medium that carries or transmits code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed, read, and / or executed by a computer.

[0368] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium has one or more instructions stored thereon. The one or more stored instructions can be executed by a processor of a base station.

[0369] One or more commands stored

[0370] A method comprising: receiving an AF request from an AF; wherein the AF request includes a subject of a report; and wherein the AF request includes a list request including top contributors with high energy consumption among all energy consumption contributors related to energy consumption for the subject of the report; receiving information on energy consumption related to the subject of the report from another NF or OAM; determining a top contributor based on the information on the energy consumption; and transmitting an energy report to the AF based on the AF request, wherein the energy report may include a top list including the determined top contributors.

[0371] This specification may have various effects.

[0372] For example, through the procedures disclosed in this specification, 5GC NF can know energy consumption-related situations and perform energy-efficient operations.

[0373] The effects that can be achieved through specific examples of this specification are not limited to the effects listed above. For example, a person with ordinary skill in the relevant technical field may understand or derive various technical effects from this specification. Accordingly, the specific effects of this specification are not limited to those explicitly described herein, but may include various effects that can be understood or derived from the technical features of this specification.

[0374] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined to implement a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined to implement a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined to implement a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined to implement a method. Other implementations are within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. As a method, A step in which NF (Network Function) receives an AF request from AF (Application Function); The above AF request includes the subject of the report, The above AF request includes a list request including the top energy-consuming contributors among all energy-consuming contributors related to energy consumption for the subject of the above report, A step in which the NF receives information on energy consumption related to the subject of the report from another NF or OAM (Operations, Administration and Maintenance); A step of determining a top contributor by the NF based on the information about the energy consumption; Based on the above AF request, the NF includes a step of transmitting an energy report to the AF, A method wherein the energy report comprises a top list including the determined top contributors.

2. In paragraph 1, The subject of the above report is a UE (User Equipment), a network slice or a PDU (Protocol Data Unit) session, The above upper contributor is a UE, a network slice, a PDU session or an application.

3. In paragraph 1, The top contributor determined above is UE, The above NF further includes a step of determining whether or not the user consents to the UE, A method in which the upper list does not include an ID (Identity) for the UE based on the above NF determining that there is no user consent for the UE.

4. In paragraph 3, The steps by which the above NF determines whether the user consents to the above UE are: A method comprising a step of the NF interacting with a User Data Repository (UDR) or Unified Data Management (UDM) to obtain information about user consent for the UE.

5. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 4, The above AF request contains the maximum number of lists, The number of top contributors determined above does not exceed the maximum number.

6. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 5, The step of the NF determining the top contributor includes: the step of the NF determining that all the energy consuming contributors consume the same energy; A method wherein the above energy report includes information that all energy consuming contributors consume the same amount of energy.

7. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 6, The above AF request includes a request for peak time when energy consumption is highest, Based on the information about the above energy consumption, the NF further includes a step of determining a peak time when energy consumption is the highest, A method wherein the energy report includes the determined peak time.

8. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, The steps taken by the above NF to determine the top contributors are: A method based on statistics on past energy consumption of all energy consuming contributors.

9. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, The steps taken by the above NF to determine the top contributors are: A method based on the results of energy consumption measurements for all energy consumption contributors.

10. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, The steps taken by the above NF to determine the top contributors are: A method based on forecasting the future energy consumption of all energy consuming contributors.

11. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 10, The above NF is a method of EESSF (Energy Efficiency and Saving Support Function).

12. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 10, The above NF is a method of NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function).

13. As a Network Function (NF) that performs communication, At least one transmitter and receiver; Contains at least one processor, The operation performed by said at least one processor is a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. As an apparatus in mobile communication, at least one processor; and At least one memory storing instructions and being operably electrically connected to the at least one processor, A device wherein the operation performed based on the command being executed by the at least one processor is a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that records commands, A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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