Method and apparatus for coordinating air-ground interference on basis of ground network

Abstract

A method of operating a first device (100) in a wireless communication system is proposed. The method comprises the steps of: obtaining information related to a cluster composed of a plurality of cells; and performing communication with a second base station (400) related to a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to the size of the cluster, wherein the size of the first cluster can be determined on the basis of the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device (100).

Description

Ground network-based air-ground interference coordination method and device

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Peak data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Max spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully Autonomous vehicles Fully XR Fully Haptic communications Fully

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a first device can be provided. For example, the method includes: obtaining information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and performing communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in the first cluster including the first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster can be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: obtain information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and perform communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: obtain information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and perform communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including the first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, cause a first device to: obtain information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and perform communication with a second base station associated with a second cell included in a first cluster including the first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method that can be performed by a second device can be provided. For example, the method includes: transmitting information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells to a first device; and performing communication with the first device, wherein the method is performed by a first base station associated with a first cell included in the first cluster, the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster can be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: transmit information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells to a first device; and perform communication with the first device, wherein the method is performed by a first base station associated with a first cell included in the first cluster, the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0011] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 2 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 9 illustrates a synchronization source or synchronization reference of V2X according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 10 illustrates a transmission spatial filter and a reception spatial filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for determining whether a receiving spatial filter covers a transmitting spatial filter, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 12 illustrates a cluster set / defined for service to an air terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 13 illustrates a configuration of a service cell within a cluster for an air terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 14 illustrates an operation of setting a terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) of an airborne terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 15 illustrates an operation of setting a terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) of an airborne terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 16 may illustrate a sensing-based terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference coordination technique (or operation) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 17 illustrates a sensing-based base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination technique (or operation) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 18 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 19 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig. 20 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 21 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 22 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 23 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 24 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 25 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0037] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0038] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted identically to "at least one of A and B".

[0039] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0040] Additionally, parentheses used in this specification may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (e.g., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0041] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0042] In this specification, the device obtaining information may include the information being (pre-)set to the device, the information being received from another entity to the device, or the device generating the information.

[0043] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0044] In this specification, higher layer parameters may be parameters that are set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0045] In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being preset to a device.

[0046] The technology proposed in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0047] The technology proposed in this specification can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0048] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0049] New network characteristics in 6G may include:

[0050] - Satellite integrated network

[0051] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is revolutionary, upgrading the wireless evolution from "connected objects" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every stage of the communication process (or at every signal processing step, as described below).

[0052] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer

[0053] - Ubiquitous super 3D connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions of drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will create super 3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0054] Some general requirements for the new network characteristics of 6G, such as the above, may be as follows:

[0055] - small cell networks

[0056] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous network

[0057] - High-capacity backhaul

[0058] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communications is a key feature of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0059] - Softwarization and virtualization

[0060] Below, the core implementation technologies of the 6G system are described.

[0061] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0062] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communication with a wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (Sub-THz band) is considered a major portion of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Figure 2 illustrates the electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0063] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0064] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0065] - Optical wireless technology

[0066] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0067] - Quantum communication

[0068] - Cell-free communication

[0069] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0070] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0071] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0072] - Big data analysis

[0073] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0074] - metaverse

[0075] - Block chain

[0076] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will be a key element in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connectivity can be provided using UAV technology. Base stations (BSs) can be installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs may offer specific capabilities not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and controlled mobility. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial communications infrastructure is not economically feasible and sometimes cannot provide services in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle these situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates three fundamental requirements for wireless networks: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support various purposes, such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0077] - Advanced air mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher concept than urban air mobility (UAM), which is an air transportation method available in urban areas, and can refer to a means of transportation that includes movement between regional hubs as well as within urban areas.

[0078] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication. Fast transmission speeds and low-latency technologies are essential to maximize autonomous driving performance and ensure high safety. Furthermore, in the future, autonomous driving will go beyond simply providing warnings or guidance messages to drivers and may require active intervention in vehicle operation and direct control of the vehicle in dangerous situations. To this end, the amount of information that needs to be transmitted and received may become enormous, so 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0079] - Non-terrestrial networks (NTN): NTN may refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerative payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, a satellite (or UAS platform) may create a service link with a UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) may be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite may be connected to a data network via the gateway. A beam footprint may refer to an area where a signal transmitted by a satellite can be received. Referring to Figure 4, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a UE can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on the playback payload, a satellite can be connected to a data network through another satellite and the gateway. If an ISL does not exist between a satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figures 3 and 4 are merely examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios.For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may implement a transparent or regenerative (with onboard processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams over a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered. For example, a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to equipping the satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0080] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, e.g., a sensing operation, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 5 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 5 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0081] The layers of the radio interface protocol between the terminal and the network can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), and L3 (layer 3) based on the three lower layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard model, which is widely known in communication systems. Among these, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 provides an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer located in layer 3 controls radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0082] The physical layer provides information transmission services to higher layers using physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the upper layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, via a transport channel. Data travels between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transport channels are classified based on how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface.

[0083] Data travels between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver, via a physical channel. This physical channel can be modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.

[0084] The MAC layer provides services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. The MAC layer provides mapping from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. Furthermore, the MAC layer provides logical channel multiplexing, which maps multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC sublayer provides data transmission services on logical channels.

[0085] The RLC layer performs the concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). To guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0086] The RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels, related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. RB refers to a logical path provided by Layer 1 (physical layer or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.

[0087] The functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane include the transmission of user data, header compression, and ciphering. The functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane include the transmission of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0088] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. It performs mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers, marking QoS flow identifiers (IDs) within downlink and uplink packets, and more.

[0089] Establishing a Radio Bearer (RB) refers to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. RBs can be further divided into two types: the Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB) and the Data Radio Bearer (DRB). The SRB is used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while the DRB is used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0090] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in the RRC_CONNECTED state. Otherwise, it is in the RRC_IDLE state. For NR, the RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain a connection with the core network while releasing the connection with the base station.

[0091] Downlink transmission channels that transmit data from the network to the terminal include the Broadcast Channel (BCH), which transmits system information, and the downlink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services may be transmitted through the downlink SCH or a separate downlink Multicast Channel (MCH). Meanwhile, uplink transmission channels that transmit data from the terminal to the network include the Random Access Channel (RACH), which transmits initial control messages, and the uplink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages.

[0092] Logical channels that are located above the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH).

[0093] Radio frames can be used for uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame can contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe can be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot can contain 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0094] When normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. When extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0095] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is an example.

[0096] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0097] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0098] Referring to FIG. 6, a slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain.

[0099] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) can be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) can be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((Physical) Resource Blocks) in the frequency domain, and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through activated BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

[0100] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) can be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for a given numerology. A PRB can be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0101] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0102] Referring to Figure 7, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other. Furthermore, a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0103] BWP is point A, offset from point A (N startBWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0104] SLSS (Sidelink Synchronization Signal) is a SL (sidelink) specific sequence and may include PSSS (Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal) and SSSS (Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal). The PSSS may be referred to as S-PSS (Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal) and the SSSS may be referred to as S-SSS (Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal). For example, length-127 M-sequences may be used for S-PSS and length-127 Gold sequences may be used for S-SSS. For example, a terminal may detect an initial signal (signal detection) and obtain synchronization using S-PSS. For example, the terminal can obtain detailed synchronization using S-PSS and S-SSS and detect a synchronization signal ID.

[0105] PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel) may be a (broadcast) channel that transmits basic (system) information that a terminal must know first before transmitting or receiving an SL signal. For example, the basic information may be information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), TDD UL / DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink / Downlink) configuration, resource pool-related information, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, in order to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the payload size of PSBCH may be 56 bits, including a 24-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).

[0106] S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH may be included in a block format supporting periodic transmission (e.g., SL SS (Synchronization Signal) / PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)). The S-SSB may have the same numerology (e.g., SCS and CP length) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) / PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth may be within a (pre-)configured SL BWP (Sidelink BWP). For example, the bandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 RBs (Resource Blocks). For example, the PSBCH may span 11 RBs. And, the frequency location of the S-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection in the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0107] In this specification, PSCCH may be replaced by a control channel, a physical control channel, a sidelink-related control channel, a sidelink-related physical control channel, etc. In this specification, PSSCH may be replaced by a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a sidelink-related shared channel, a sidelink-related physical shared channel, etc.

[0108] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0109] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 1, the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first terminal. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0110] For example, a first terminal may receive information related to a dynamic grant (DG) resource and / or information related to a configured grant (CG) resource from a base station. For example, a CG resource may include a CG type 1 resource or a CG type 2 resource. In this specification, a DG resource may be a resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via downlink control information (DCI). In this specification, a CG resource may be a (periodic) resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via DCI and / or an RRC message. For example, in the case of a CG type 1 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal. For example, in the case of a CG type 2 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal, and the base station may transmit a DCI related to activation or release of the CG resource to the first terminal.

[0111] In step S810, the first terminal may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to the second terminal based on the resource scheduling. In step S820, the first terminal may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) may be received from the second terminal via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first terminal may transmit / report HARQ feedback information to the base station via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a rule set in advance. For example, the DCI may be DCI for scheduling SL.

[0112] Referring to (b) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 2, the terminal can determine SL transmission resources within SL resources set by the base station / network or preset SL resources. For example, the set SL resources or preset SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the terminal can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the terminal can perform SL communication by selecting resources by itself within the set resource pool. For example, the terminal can select resources by itself within a selection window by performing sensing and resource (re)selection procedures. For example, the sensing can be performed on a subchannel basis. For example, in step S810, the first terminal that has selected resources by itself within the resource pool transmits PSCCH (e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1) using the resources. st -stage SCI) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S820, the first terminal transmits the PSSCH (e.g., 2) related to the PSCCH. nd -stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal.

[0113] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, for example, a first terminal may transmit an SCI to a second terminal on a PSCCH. Or, for example, the first terminal may transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to the second terminal on the PSCCH and / or the PSSCH. In this case, the second terminal may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first terminal. In the present specification, an SCI transmitted on a PSCCH is 1 st SCI, 1st SCI, 1st -stage SCI or 1 st -stage SCI format, and the SCI transmitted on the PSSCH is 2 nd SCI, 2nd SCI, 2 nd -stage SCI or 2 nd -It can be called a stage SCI format.

[0114] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, in step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH. For example, the first terminal and the second terminal may determine PSFCH resources, and the second terminal may use the PSFCH resources to transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal.

[0115] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in step S840, the first terminal may transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0116] Below, we describe synchronization acquisition of an SL terminal. For example, an SL terminal may refer to a terminal that performs terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication).

[0117] In time division multiple access (e.g., TDMA) and frequency division multiple access (e.g., FDMA) systems, accurate time and frequency synchronization is essential. If time and frequency synchronization is not accurate, system performance may be degraded due to inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI). This also applies to V2X. In V2X, for time / frequency synchronization, a terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal (e.g., SL synchronization signal; sidelink synchronization signal, SLSS) can be used in the physical layer, and a master information block-sidelink-V2X (MIB-SL-V2X) can be used in the radio link control (RLC) layer.

[0118] FIG. 9 illustrates a synchronization source or synchronization reference of V2X according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0119] Referring to Fig. 9, in V2X, a terminal can be directly synchronized to a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), or can be indirectly synchronized to a GNSS through a terminal (within network coverage or outside network coverage) that is directly synchronized to a GNSS. When a GNSS is set as a synchronization source, the terminal can calculate the DFN and subframe number using the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and a (pre-)configured DFN offset.

[0120] Alternatively, the terminal may be synchronized directly to the base station, or may be synchronized to another terminal that is time / frequency synchronized to the base station. For example, the base station may be an eNB or a gNB. For example, if the terminal is within network coverage, the terminal may receive synchronization information provided by the base station and be synchronized directly to the base station. Thereafter, the terminal may provide the synchronization information to other adjacent terminals. If the base station timing is set as the synchronization reference, the terminal may follow the cell associated with the frequency (if within cell coverage at the frequency), the primary cell, or the serving cell (if outside cell coverage at the frequency) for synchronization and downlink measurements.

[0121] A base station (e.g., a serving cell) can provide synchronization settings for a carrier used for V2X or terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication). In this case, the terminal can follow the synchronization settings received from the base station. If the terminal does not detect any cell on the carrier used for the V2X or SL communication and does not receive synchronization settings from the serving cell, the terminal can follow the preset synchronization settings.

[0122] Alternatively, the terminal may synchronize with another terminal that has not obtained synchronization information directly or indirectly from the base station or GNSS. The synchronization source and preference may be preset for the terminal. Alternatively, the synchronization source and preference may be set via a control message provided by the base station.

[0123] An SL synchronization source can be associated with a synchronization priority. For example, the relationship between a synchronization source and a synchronization priority can be defined as shown in Table 3 or Table 4 below. Table 3 or Table 4 is merely an example, and the relationship between a synchronization source and a synchronization priority can be defined in various forms.

[0124] Priority Levels GNSS-based synchronization Base station-based synchronization (eNB / gNB-based synchronization) P0 GNSS Base station P1 All terminals directly synchronized to GNSS All terminals directly synchronized to the base station P2 All terminals indirectly synchronized to GNSS All terminals indirectly synchronized to the base station P3 All other terminals GNSS SP4 All terminals directly synchronized to N / AGNSS P5 All terminals indirectly synchronized to N / AGNSS P6 N / A All other terminals

[0125] Priority Levels GNSS-based synchronization Base station-based synchronization (eNB / gNB-based synchronization) P0 GNSS Base station P1 All terminals directly synchronized to GNSS All terminals directly synchronized to the base station P2 All terminals indirectly synchronized to GNSS All terminals indirectly synchronized to the base station P3 Base station GNSS SP4 All terminals directly synchronized to the base station All terminals directly synchronized to GNSS P5 All terminals indirectly synchronized to the base station All terminals indirectly synchronized to GNSS P6 Remaining terminal(s) with lower priority Remaining terminal(s) with lower priority

[0126] In Table 3 or Table 4, P0 may mean the highest priority, and P6 may mean the lowest priority. In Table 3 or Table 4, the base station may include at least one of a gNB or an eNB.

[0127] Whether GNSS-based or base station-based synchronization is used can be (pre-)configured. In single-carrier operation, the terminal can derive its transmission timing from the available synchronization reference with the highest priority.

[0128] Meanwhile, each terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal (e.g., SLSS) may have a terminal-to-terminal synchronization identifier (e.g., SL synchronization identifier; Sidelink Synchronization Identifier, SLSS ID).

[0129] For example, in case of LTE terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) or LTE V2X, the value of the terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifier (e.g., SLSS) can be defined based on a combination of two different terminal-to-terminal primary synchronization signal (e.g., S-PSS) sequences and 168 different terminal-to-terminal secondary synchronization signal (e.g., S-SSS) sequences. For example, the number of terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifiers (e.g., SLSS) can be 336. For example, the value of the terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifier (e.g., SLSS) can be any one of 0 to 335.

[0130] For example, in case of NR terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) or NR V2X, the value of the terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifier (e.g., SLSS) can be defined based on a combination of two different terminal-to-terminal primary synchronization signal (e.g., S-PSS) sequences and 336 different terminal-to-terminal secondary synchronization signal (e.g., S-SSS) sequences. For example, the number of terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifiers (e.g., SLSS) can be 672. For example, the value of the terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifier (e.g., SLSS) can be any one of 0 to 671. For example, among two different terminal-to-terminal primary synchronization signals (e.g., S-PSS), one terminal-to-terminal primary synchronization signal (e.g., S-PSS) may be associated with in-coverage, and the other terminal-to-terminal primary synchronization signal (e.g., S-PSS) may be associated with out-of-coverage. For example, terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifiers (e.g., SLSS) of 0 to 335 may be used in-coverage, and terminal-to-terminal synchronization signal identifiers (e.g., SLSS) of 336 to 671 may be used out-of-coverage.

[0131] FIG. 10 illustrates a transmission spatial filter and a reception spatial filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0132] Referring to FIG. 10, a reception spatial filter (1001) used by a receiving terminal for a reception operation and a transmission spatial filter (1011) used by a transmitting terminal for a transmission operation are shown.

[0133] For example, a receiving spatial filter can only pass signals with the same beam direction as 1003. That is, the receiving terminal can only receive transmissions performed based on a beam having a direction of 1003.

[0134] Therefore, transmissions of 1006 transmitted based on a beam having a different beam direction from that of 1003 may not pass through the reception spatial filter. Signal 1004, which is transmitted based on a beam having the same beam direction as that of 1003, may pass through the reception spatial filter and be received by the receiving terminal.

[0135] For example, a receiving spatial filter may have a beam size / thickness of 1002 and may only pass signals performed based on beams that fall within the beam size / thickness. That is, a receiving terminal may only receive transmissions performed based on beams that have a size / thickness that falls within the size / thickness of 1002.

[0136] Accordingly, among the signal components transmitted based on a beam having a size / thickness greater than that of 1002, transmissions of 1005 that contact the reception spatial filter outside the size / thickness of 1002 may not pass through the reception spatial filter. Since 1004 contacted the reception spatial filter within a range included in the size / thickness of 1002, it can pass through the reception spatial filter and be received by the reception terminal. On the other hand, since 1005 contacted the reception spatial filter outside the size / thickness of 1002, it cannot pass through the reception spatial filter and be received by the reception terminal.

[0137] For example, 1004 can be received by the receiving terminal because it is in contact with the receiving spatial filter within a range included in the size / thickness of 1002 and has the same beam direction (1003) as that passed by the receiving spatial filter. Here, for example, if the transmissions of 1004 are all components transmitted based on a specific beam (i.e., if all signal components transmitted together with 1004 are successfully received by the receiving terminal), the receiving spatial filter may be a spatial filter that covers the transmission spatial filter associated with the specific beam.

[0138] For example, a transmission spatial filter can only pass signals having the same beam direction as 1013. That is, when a transmission terminal performs a transmission operation based on the transmission spatial filter, all signal components (1014) that pass through the transmission spatial filter and are ultimately transmitted can have the direction of 1013.

[0139] Therefore, transmissions of 1016 transmitted based on a beam direction different from that of 1013 may not pass through the transmission spatial filter. Signal components of 1014 having the same beam direction as 1013 may pass through the transmission spatial filter and be transmitted to the receiving terminal.

[0140] For example, a transmission spatial filter may have a beam size / thickness of 1012 and may only pass signal components included within the beam size / thickness. That is, when a transmission terminal performs a transmission operation based on the transmission spatial filter, only signal components included within the size / thickness of 1012 may pass through the transmission spatial filter and be ultimately transmitted.

[0141] Therefore, signal components that are not included in the size / thickness of 1012 may not pass through the transmission spatial filter. Since 1014 is a signal component included in the size / thickness of 1012, it can pass through the transmission spatial filter and be transmitted to the receiving terminal. On the other hand, since 1015 is a signal component that is not included in the size / thickness of 1012, it cannot pass through the transmission spatial filter and cannot be transmitted to the receiving terminal.

[0142] For example, 1014 is the same as the beam direction (1013) that the transmission spatial filter passes through, and is signal components included in the size / thickness of 1012, and can be transmitted to the receiving terminal. Here, for example, if the transmissions of 1014 all pass through the receiving spatial filter that the receiving terminal uses for receiving operation (i.e., if the direction of the signal components of 1014 is the same as the beam direction related to the receiving spatial filter, and the signal components of 1014 are all included in the size / thickness of the receiving spatial filter), the receiving spatial filter may be a spatial filter that covers the transmission spatial filter of 1011.

[0143] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for determining whether a receiving spatial filter covers a transmitting spatial filter, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0144] Referring to FIG. 11, a reception spatial filter (1101) used by a receiving terminal for a reception operation and a transmission spatial filter (1111) used by a transmitting terminal for a transmission operation are shown.

[0145] For example, the direction of the signal component that the receiving spatial filter passes may be 1103, and the direction of the signal components that are transmitted through the transmitting spatial filter may be 1113. For example, the receiving beam direction associated with the receiving spatial filter may be 1103, and the transmitting beam direction associated with the transmitting spatial filter may be 1113.

[0146] For example, the size / thickness of the receiving spatial filter may be 1102. That is, the receiving spatial filter passes only signal components included within 1102, and only signal components that pass through the receiving spatial filter can be received by the receiving terminal.

[0147] For example, the size / thickness of the transmission spatial filter may be 1112. That is, the transmission spatial filter passes only signal components included within 1112, and only signal components that pass through the transmission spatial filter can be transmitted to the receiving terminal.

[0148] 1121 and 1122 are cross-sectional views of the size / thickness of the transmission spatial filter or the size / thickness of the reception spatial filter.

[0149] For example, if the above 1121 is the size / thickness of the transmission spatial filter, the above 1122 is the size / thickness of the reception spatial filter, and since the above 1122 is included in the above 1121, the size / thickness of the transmission spatial filter is larger than the size / thickness of the reception spatial filter, so some of the signal components transmitted to the receiving terminal through the transmission spatial filter may not pass through the reception spatial filter. In this case, the reception spatial filter may be a spatial filter that does not cover the transmission spatial filter.

[0150] Conversely, for example, if the 1121 is the size / thickness of the receiving spatial filter, the 1122 is the size / thickness of the transmitting spatial filter, and since the 1122 is included in the 1121, the size / thickness of the transmitting spatial filter is smaller than the size / thickness of the receiving spatial filter, so all signal components transmitted to the receiving terminal through the transmitting spatial filter can pass through the receiving spatial filter. In this case, the receiving spatial filter may be a spatial filter that covers the transmitting spatial filter.

[0151] 1131 represents the receiving beam direction related to 1103, that is, the receiving spatial filter, and 1132 represents the transmitting beam direction related to 1113, that is, the transmitting spatial filter. For example, only when 1131 and 1132 are horizontal as shown in the drawing, all signal components transmitted by the transmitting terminal based on the transmitting spatial filter can pass through the receiving spatial filter. Therefore, only when 1131 and 1132 are horizontal, when all signal components transmitted to the receiving terminal by passing through the transmitting spatial filter pass through the receiving spatial filter, the receiving spatial filter can be said to be a spatial filter that covers the transmitting spatial filter.

[0152] With the rapid development of technologies related to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and / or drones (hereinafter referred to as UAVs), research is actively underway in the field of mobile communications to utilize UAVs as communication nodes within mobile communication systems. For example, UAVs can serve as relay nodes that provide communication services within the mobile communication system and / or as terminal nodes that receive communication services within the mobile communication system.

[0153] For example, a UAV may refer to a communication terminal that can be mounted (or mounted) on a vehicle that can be operated unmanned (or operated by a driver). For example, a UAV terminal may refer to a communication terminal that can be mounted (or mounted) on a vehicle that can be operated unmanned (or operated by a driver).

[0154] Here, when the above-mentioned aerial terminal is served by a terrestrial network, a new type of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference may be induced, unlike the conventional wireless environment where (the terrestrial network) only serves terrestrial terminals. For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an aerial terminal to a (terrestrial) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (terrestrial) base stations (or cells) other than the (terrestrial) base station (or cell) serving the aerial terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference).

[0155] Or, for example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or, cell) to an air terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to other air terminals other than the terminals served by the (ground) base station (or, cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or, cell) to an air terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to other air terminals other than the terminals served by the (ground) base station (or, cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an air terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to other air terminals other than the terminals served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference).

[0156] Therefore, (to address the problem of interference occurrence) the present disclosure proposes a technique for coordinating the air-ground interference when serving airborne terminals and / or ground terminals via a terrestrial network.

[0157] [Proposal #01]

[0158] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a network may (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells to a terminal, and at this time, the cluster(s) may be (pre-)configured and / or (pre-)defined for one or more of the following purposes. For example, the cluster(s) (pre-)configured and / or (pre-)defined according to the present embodiment may be for one or more of the following purposes. For example, a cluster may mean a set composed of multiple cells and / or a (super)cell, which is a larger unit composed of multiple cells.

[0159] (1) Purpose of service exploration

[0160] (2) Terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference coordination purposes (or air-to-ground interference coordination purposes)

[0161] (3) Base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination purposes (or ground-to-air interference coordination purposes)

[0162] Here, the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference (or, air-to-ground interference) may mean interference (or, influence) that the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of an air terminal gives to the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of a ground terminal and / or (another) air terminal.

[0163] Here, the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference (or ground-to-air interference) may mean interference (or influence) that the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of a ground terminal and / or an air terminal gives to the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of (another) air terminal.

[0164] Here, the network may independently (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define clusters for each purpose, or (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define the same cluster for multiple purposes. For example, if no cluster for a purpose other than a cluster for service discovery (hereinafter referred to as the first cluster) is (pre-)configured and / or defined, the terminal may assume that the first cluster is also utilized as a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0165] Here, the network can inform the terminal of the purpose and / or use of the cluster setup.

[0166] Here, the network can transmit (or transmit and / or configure) cluster-specific transmission settings and / or cell-specific transmission settings to the terminal.

[0167] Here, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0168] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when it is assumed that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service to an aerial terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the service to the aerial terminal may cause a new type of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference, unlike a conventional wireless environment in which only services to ground terminals were supported.

[0169] For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference).

[0170] For example, base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signals (e.g., side lobes of the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) beam) transmitted by a (terrestrial) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminals served by the (terrestrial) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signals (e.g., side lobes of the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) beam) transmitted by a (terrestrial) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminals served by the (terrestrial) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal (e.g., side lobes of a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) beam may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to airborne terminals other than the terminals served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference).

[0171] For example, sidelobe can refer to each radiation group when the energy distribution of a transmitted radio wave is divided into multiple directions. For example, sidelobe can refer to a phenomenon and / or a signal component being transmitted in a direction different from the specific beam direction (e.g., perpendicular to the direction, opposite to the direction, etc.) when a signal is transmitted in a specific beam direction.

[0172] Here, interference due to the above-mentioned airborne terminal service support may affect multiple (terrestrial) base stations (or cells) within a specific area. Therefore, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, multiple (terrestrial) base stations (or cells) affected by interference due to the airborne terminal service may be (pre-)configured and / or (pre-)defined as a single cluster. And, for example, a network and / or a terminal may apply (or perform) an interference coordination technique (or operation) and / or an interference mitigation technique (or operation) within the cluster. Here, the cluster may be (pre-)defined, and at this time, airborne terminals, etc. may identify the cluster through a service discovery process.

[0173] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method for (pre-)configuring and / or (pre-)defining cluster(s) for one or more of the following purposes, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define clusters composed of multiple cells for a terminal.

[0174] (1) Purpose of service exploration

[0175] (2) Terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference coordination purposes (or air-to-ground interference coordination purposes)

[0176] (3) Base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination purposes (or ground-to-air interference coordination purposes)

[0177] FIG. 12 illustrates a cluster configured / defined for service to an airborne terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0178] Referring to FIG. 12, a UAV terminal is shown, and a cluster composed of multiple cells (or base stations associated with cells) with secured LOS between the UAV terminal and the UAV terminal is shown. For example, the cluster may be related to interference coordination operations according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0179] For example, according to the above-described embodiment, there may be an advantage that interference between networks and / or terminals due to public terminal services (services for public terminals and / or services related to public terminals) can be controlled within clearly agreed upon and / or defined clusters (e.g., between networks and / or terminals).

[0180] The above [Proposal #01] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0181] [Proposal #02]

[0182] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells to a terminal, a method may be provided in which a terminal performs a search / identification process for cells and / or clusters through one or more of the following methods.

[0183] (1) A method for first searching / identifying the cell to be serviced. For example, the terminal can then search / identify the cluster associated with the cell.

[0184] (2) A method for first discovering / identifying the cluster to be serviced. For example, the terminal can then discover / identify the cells associated with the cluster.

[0185] Here, the above cluster may mean a cluster for service discovery purposes and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0186] Here, the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster may be applied differently depending on the purpose of use of the cluster. Or, for example, the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster may be performed differently depending on the purpose of use of the cluster. For example, if the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster is for service search purposes, cluster search / identification may be performed before cell search / identification, and if the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster is for interference control purposes, cell search / identification may be performed before cluster search / identification.

[0187] Here, for example, the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster may be applied differently depending on the terminal type and / or service type. Or, for example, the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster may be performed differently depending on the terminal type and / or service type. For example, if the entity performing the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster is a terrestrial terminal, cell search / identification may be performed before cluster search / identification, and if the entity performing the search / identification process for the cell and / or cluster is an airborne terminal, cluster search / identification may be performed before cell search / identification.

[0188] Here, the network can transmit signals for cell search and signals for cluster search separately. For example, the network can transmit signals for cell search and signals for cluster search separately, and the terminal can perform cell search and / or cluster search using the cell search and cluster search signals.

[0189] Here, for example, the network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define an initial and / or default cluster to the terminal, and thereafter the network can be configured to update the cluster information.

[0190] Here, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0191] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and may (pre-)define and / or (pre-)configure a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0192] For example, it may be assumed that a network (pre-configures) and / or (pre-defines) a cluster composed of multiple cells for airborne terminals and / or ground terminals, and that the airborne terminals and / or ground terminals receive services in units of the clusters. Here, the cluster-based service may mean that services are provided from any cell and / or one or more cell(s) within the cluster, and a separate handover procedure may not be required when changing service cells within the cluster.

[0193] Here, for example, the cluster-based service provision may require high implementation complexity and / or computational load from a network perspective, and thus may only be supported for certain terminal types and / or certain service types. For example, the network may provide services to airborne terminals on a cluster basis, and to terrestrial terminals on a cell basis.

[0194] Here, for example, when the network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster consisting of multiple cells for the terminal, the cell and / or cluster discovery / identification process may vary depending on the terminal type and / or service type. For example, for a terrestrial terminal (expected to receive cell-based services), the terminal may first discover / identify the cell from which it will receive services (e.g., the cell that will provide the services to it), and then discover / identify the cluster associated with that cell.

[0195] For example, for a public terminal (expected to receive cluster-based services), the terminal may first discover / identify the cluster from which it will receive services (e.g., the cluster that will provide services to it), and then discover / identify the cells associated with that cluster. For example, the terminal may discover / identify the service cells within the cluster.

[0196] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method for performing a search / identification process for cells and / or clusters by one or more of the following methods depending on the terminal type and / or service type, when the network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells for the terminal.

[0197] (1) A method for first searching / identifying the cell to be serviced. For example, the terminal can then search / identify the cluster associated with the cell.

[0198] (2) A method for first discovering / identifying the cluster to be serviced. For example, the terminal can then discover / identify the cells associated with the cluster.

[0199] According to the method of the above embodiment, when the network provides a service to an air terminal and / or a ground terminal, there may be an advantage in that hierarchical service units such as cluster-based service and / or cell-based service can be supported according to the terminal type and / or service type.

[0200] The above [Proposal #02] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0201] [Proposal #03]

[0202] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells for a terminal, a method may be provided for the network to serve the terminal by one or more of the following methods.

[0203] (1) A method for providing services through a single cell within a cluster.

[0204] (2) A method for providing services through multiple cells within a cluster. For example, cells for base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) services and cells for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) services can be independently configured within the cluster. Alternatively, for example, service cells can be changed within the cluster based on time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources (e.g., spatial filters).

[0205] Here, the above cluster may mean a cluster for service discovery purposes and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0206] Here, the network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define to the terminal whether the service is a single cell-based service or a multi-cell-based service.

[0207] Here, mobility for the terminal can be managed within the cluster associated with the cell providing the service. For example, a handover procedure may not be required when the service cell for the terminal changes within the cluster. For example, a handover procedure may not be required when the service cell for the terminal changes within the cluster.

[0208] Here, when the network and / or terminal operates in fallback mode, the service can be supported through a (pre-)defined and / or (pre-)configured (single) cell within the cluster.

[0209] Here, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0210] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) may be (pre-)defined and / or (pre-)configured as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0211] For example, it may be assumed that a network (pre-configures and / or pre-defines a cluster composed of multiple cells for a terminal, and that the terminal receives service in units of said cluster. Here, since there are multiple cell(s) within the cluster, there may be more than one cell capable of serving the terminal.

[0212] Here, for example, when a network serves a terminal as a cluster unit consisting of multiple cells, the network may have freedom in selecting the cell in which to provide services. For example, the network may independently configure cells for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., downlink) services within the cluster and cells for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) services.

[0213] Here, the cell for the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) service and the cell for the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) service can be selected from the viewpoint of mitigating base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference and terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference.

[0214] Alternatively, for example, the network can change the cell that serves a terminal within a cluster based on time / frequency / spatial resources. For example, by changing the cell that receives a terminal's terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) over time, the network can prevent the impact of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference within the cluster from being concentrated in a specific area.

[0215] Here, the terminal can adjust its transmission beam (or spatial filter) and / or reception beam (or spatial filter) according to changes in the service cell.

[0216] According to the method of the above embodiment, there may be an advantage in that interference effects can be considered in the selection and configuration of service cells for terminals receiving services in cluster units, such as airborne terminals. In this case, when the network and terminals are temporarily operating in a fallback mode, etc., services can be supported through (pre-)defined and / or (pre-)configured cells within the cluster.

[0217] For example, if the terminal determines that it has not fully received control information for setting up a service cell within the cluster, the network and the terminal may assume that the service is supported through a (pre-)defined and / or (pre-)configured cell within the cluster, and may perform data transmission and reception through that cell.

[0218] FIG. 13 illustrates a configuration of a service cell within a cluster for an airborne terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0219] Referring to FIG. 13, a UAV terminal is shown, and three serving cells capable of serving the UAV terminal are shown (the number of serving cells is only an example, and the number of multiple serving cells included in a cluster is not limited thereto). For example, within the same time domain resources, resources may be divided into first to third frequency resource regions, and each serving cell associated with the corresponding frequency resource region may be changed to serve the UAV terminal. Alternatively, for example, within the same frequency domain resources, resources may be divided into first to third time resource regions, and each serving cell associated with the corresponding time resource region may be changed to serve the UAV terminal.

[0220] The above [Proposal #03] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0221] [Proposal #04]

[0222] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells to a terminal, a method may be provided in which the network conveys one or more of the following information via terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) and / or spatial filter related configuration information of the terminal.

[0223] (1) Information about the location to be targeted by the terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) and / or spatial filter.

[0224] (2) Information about the cell to be targeted by the terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) and / or spatial filter.

[0225] (3) Terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) and / or spatial filter width limitation information.

[0226] (4) Information about the center location and / or radius of the cluster;

[0227] Here, the above cluster may mean a cluster for service discovery purposes and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0228] Here, the network can transmit terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) and / or spatial filter related configuration information (of the terminal) by altitude.

[0229] Here, if the network does not provide terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) and / or spatial filter-related configuration information of the terminal, the terminal may use a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) beam, a beam corresponding to a spatial filter, and / or a spatial filter as the terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) and / or spatial filter.

[0230] Here, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0231] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and may (pre-)define and / or (pre-)configure a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0232] Here, when a network (pre-configured) and / or an airborne terminal located at the edge of a (pre-configured) cluster applies a terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) in its downward direction, it may have a significant interference effect (or cause interference) on terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of cell(s) located outside the cluster. Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a method for a network to provide configuration information for configuring a terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) to a terminal during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission).

[0233] FIG. 14 illustrates an operation of setting a terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) of an airborne terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0234] Referring to FIG. 14, the network may provide the terminal with information such as location (or cell) information to be targeted by the terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter), width constraints of the terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter), center location of the cluster, and / or cluster radius. Here, the airborne terminal may adjust the airborne terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) based on the terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) configuration information provided by the network. For example, the network may configure the airborne terminal to aim at the center of the cluster, thereby allowing the airborne terminal to perform beam update and alleviating terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference applied (or induced) to the outside of the cluster.

[0235] FIG. 15 illustrates an operation of setting a terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) of an airborne terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0236] Referring to FIG. 15, for example, the network can set (or adjust) a coarse beam by setting a target location and / or cell information for a terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) to the airborne terminal, and then search for a fine beam by triggering transmission of a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) reference signal with beam sweeping applied to the terminal.

[0237] Here, the network can instruct the terminal to apply a specific fine beam after the above fine beam search process. For example, the terminal can transmit multiple sounding reference signal resources (or multiple sounding reference signals) with different beams (or spatial filters) applied, and the base station can transmit information about the sounding reference signal resource corresponding to the preferred beam (or spatial filter) to the terminal.

[0238] The above [Proposal #04] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0239] [Proposal #05]

[0240] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells for a terminal, the network can configure whether to include cluster identification information, cell identification information, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) identification information in terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) (or, measurement resource), and the terminal can transmit the cluster identification information, cell identification information, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or, spatial filter) identification information in the terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) (or, measurement resource) according to the configuration.

[0241] Here, for example, the cluster may mean a cluster for service discovery purposes and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0242] Here, for example, the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) resource (or measurement resource) (or transmission related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink)) may include terminal identification information.

[0243] Here, the network can measure interference influence from a specific cluster, a specific cell, and / or a specific terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) by utilizing cluster identification information, cell identification information, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) identification information within the terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) (or measurement resource) of the terminal.

[0244] Here, for example, the cluster identification information, cell identification information, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) identification information may be transmitted in the form of a control signal, and may be transmitted in a form that can be decoded by any cell and / or terminal.

[0245] Here, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0246] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and may (pre-)define and / or (pre-)configure a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0247] Here, for example, the clusters (pre-defined and / or (pre-)configured by the network for the terminals may not match the range of interference caused by the terminals. For example, the impact of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference (e.g., air-to-ground interference) caused by the airborne terminals on the (terrestrial) network may be significantly felt outside the cluster configured by the network. Here, assuming that the network can apply (or perform) an interference coordination method (or operation) within the cluster, the network may need to limit the interference caused by the airborne terminals to only within the cluster.

[0248] For example, the network may select a beam (or spatial filter) among the terminal-to-base station communication beams (e.g., uplink beams) (or spatial filters) of the airborne terminals that has less interference outside the cluster. Here, in order to support beam (or spatial filter) control of the airborne terminals considering interference inside and outside the cluster, the (terrestrial) network may need to be able to measure the interference influence from the airborne terminals.

[0249] Here, in order to measure the interference impact during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of the above-mentioned aerial terminal, the cluster, cell, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) to which the interfering terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data belongs may need to be identified.

[0250] Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a method is proposed in which the network sets whether to include cluster identification information, cell identification information, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) identification information in terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) when the network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells for the terminal, and the terminal transmits the cluster identification information, cell identification information, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) identification information according to the setting.

[0251] Through the proposed method of the present disclosure, when a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) resource of an airborne terminal causes interference, the terrestrial network can determine from which cluster, cell, and / or terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) resource was transmitted (or based on) and request interference control to the corresponding cluster and / or cell. For example, when the indirect control request is received, the network can readjust the terminal-to-base station communication beam (e.g., uplink beam) (or spatial filter) of the terminal causing interference.

[0252] The above [Proposal #05] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0253] [Proposal #06]

[0254] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of a plurality of cells for a terminal, a method can be provided in which the network configures, for a terminal, a resource region (a first resource region) to which A. a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination technique (or operation) (within the first cluster) is to be applied (or performed), and / or B. a resource region (a second resource region) to which a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination technique (or operation) (within the first cluster) is not to be applied (or performed).

[0255] Here, for example, the first cluster may mean a cluster from which a terminal receives service and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0256] Here, for example, the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference (or air-to-ground interference) may mean the interference effect that the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of an air terminal has on the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of a ground terminal and / or (another) air terminal.

[0257] Here, the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference (or ground-to-air interference) may refer to the interference effect that the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of a ground terminal and / or an air terminal has on the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of (another) air terminal.

[0258] Here, depending on the terminal type and / or service type, the utilization of the first resource area and / or the second resource area may be differently set and / or defined. For example, an airborne terminal may utilize only the first resource area, and a ground terminal may utilize the first resource area and / or the second resource area. For example, the second resource area may be utilized as a resource area exclusively for ground terminals. For example, an airborne terminal may utilize only the first resource area, and a ground terminal may be configured to utilize the first resource area and / or the second resource area. For example, the second resource area may be configured to be utilized as a resource area exclusively for ground terminals.

[0259] Here, the first resource area and / or the second resource area setting can be independently set for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink).

[0260] Here, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0261] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and may (pre-)define and / or (pre-)configure a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0262] Here, the network can apply (or perform) an interference coordination technique (or operation) for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the cluster. Here, the network can manage a resource area (a first resource area) to which the interference coordination technique (or operation) is to be applied (or performed) and a resource area (a second resource area) to which the interference coordination technique (or operation) is not to be applied (or performed).

[0263] For example, the network may cause the cell(s), air terminal(s), and / or ground terminal(s) to sense interference as part of an interference coordination technique (or operation) in the first resource domain, and may perform resource allocation and / or scheduling so that interference is coordinated based on the sensing results.

[0264] On the other hand, for example, the network may not apply (or perform) an interference coordination technique (or operation) in the second resource area, and may utilize the second resource area as a resource area dedicated to airborne or ground-borne terminals. For example, when the second resource area is utilized as a resource dedicated to ground-borne terminals, an interference coordination technique (or operation) for air-to-ground interference and / or ground-to-air (e.g., ground-to-air) interference may not be applied (or performed), but an interference coordination technique (or operation)(s) between conventional ground cell(s) may still be applied (or performed).

[0265] In other words, the intra-cluster interference coordination technique (or operation) according to the proposal of the present disclosure may refer to a technique (or operation) for coordinating interference caused by airborne terminal services. According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the terrestrial network can simultaneously support airborne terminal services and / or ground terminal services limited to specific resource areas while still guaranteeing a certain level of service quality for ground terminals. Alternatively, for example, the terrestrial network may set up multiple second resource areas and operate them by dividing them into a (second) resource area dedicated to airborne terminals and a (second) resource area dedicated to ground terminals.

[0266] The above [Proposal #06] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0267] [Proposal #07]

[0268] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells for a terminal, a method for supporting a sensing-based interference coordination technique (or operation) as a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference coordination technique (or operation) (within the cluster) can be provided, including one or more of the following steps.

[0269] (1) A step in which the network transmits resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) via base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink). For example, a first base station (within a cluster) may transmit resource reservation information related to a first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) to a first terminal (service target) (within the cluster).

[0270] (2) A step in which the terminal(s) transmit resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) through terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink). For example, a first terminal (within a cluster) may transmit resource reservation information related to a first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) (transmitted by the first base station) during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission).

[0271] (3) A step in which the network and / or terminal(s) sense resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink). For example, a second base station (within a cluster) can sense resource reservation information related to a first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) transmitted by a first terminal (not a service target) (within the cluster). For example, the second terminal (within the cluster) can sense resource reservation information related to a first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) transmitted by the first base station (within the cluster) and report the sensing result (or assistance information based on the sensing result) to the second base station.

[0272] (4) A step in which the network utilizes sensing results for resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink). For example, a second base station (within a cluster) may utilize the second base station's sensing results for resource reservation information related to the first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or the second terminal's sensing results (or assistance information based on the sensing results) for scheduling terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of the second terminal (to be serviced).

[0273] Here, for example, the cluster may mean a cluster for service discovery purposes and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0274] Here, for example, the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference (or air-to-ground interference) may mean the interference effect that the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of an air terminal has on the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of a ground terminal and / or (another) air terminal.

[0275] Here, for example, some of the above step(s) may be omitted.

[0276] Here, for example, resource reservation information related to the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) may include cluster identification information.

[0277] Here, resource reservation information related to the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) may be transmitted in the form of a control signal, and may be transmitted so that any base station and / or terminal (within the cluster) can decode it.

[0278] Here, for example, a base station and / or cell within a specific cluster (hereinafter referred to as a first cluster) may perform sensing for resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) within the first cluster.

[0279] Here, the sensing process may include detecting resource reservation information and / or measuring the expected interference intensity due to the link.

[0280] Here, the above method can be applied to both dynamic grant (DG) based scheduling and / or configured grant (CG) based scheduling.

[0281] Here, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0282] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and may (pre-)define and / or (pre-)configure a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0283] Here, the network can apply (or perform) interference coordination techniques (or operations) for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the cluster.

[0284] For example, a network may apply (or perform) a sensing-based interference coordination technique (or operation) to reduce terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference within a cluster. Here, the sensing-based interference coordination technique (or operation) may be a technique (or operation) in which base stations (or cells) within the cluster share resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and perform a sensing operation on resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of other base stations (or cells) and / or interference strength from the corresponding link, thereby selecting a resource with a low interference level.

[0285] FIG. 16 may illustrate a sensing-based terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference coordination technique (or operation) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0286] Referring to FIG. 16, transmission of resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) may be performed by a base station and / or a terminal that will provide resource reservation information related to the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) within a cluster. For example, a first base station (within a cluster) may transmit resource reservation information related to the first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) to a first terminal (to be serviced) within the cluster. For example, the first terminal (within the cluster) may transmit, during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission), the resource reservation information related to the first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) (transmitted by the first base station).

[0287] Here, for example, sensing of resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) may be performed by a base station and / or a terminal that utilizes resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) within the cluster. For example, a second base station (within the cluster) may sense resource reservation information related to a first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) transmitted by a first terminal (not a service target) within the cluster. For example, a second terminal (within the cluster) may sense resource reservation information related to a first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) transmitted by a first base station (within the cluster) and report the sensing result (or assistance information based on the sensing result) to the second base station.

[0288] Here, the sensing results for resource reservation information related to the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) can be utilized for scheduling the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of the base station. For example, a second base station (within a cluster) can utilize the sensing results of the second base station for resource reservation information related to the first terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or the sensing results of the second terminal (or assistance information based on the sensing results) for scheduling the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of the second terminal (to be serviced).

[0289] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the network may have the advantage of being able to adjust interference during airborne terminal service by sharing resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) between each other and utilizing sensing results for the information for scheduling.

[0290] The above [Proposal #07] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0291] [Proposal #08]

[0292] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells for a terminal, a method for supporting a sensing-based interference coordination technique (or operation) for base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) (within the cluster) can be provided, including one or more of the following steps:

[0293] (1) A step in which a network transmits resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) through base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink). For example, a first base station (within a cluster) may transmit resource reservation information related to a first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) to a first terminal (service target) (within the cluster).

[0294] (2) A step in which the terminal(s) transmit resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) through terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink). For example, a first terminal (within a cluster) may transmit resource reservation information related to a first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) (transmitted by the first base station) during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission).

[0295] (3) A step in which the network and / or terminal(s) sense resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink). For example, a second base station (within a cluster) can sense resource reservation information related to a first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) transmitted by a first terminal (not a service target) (within the cluster). For example, a second terminal (within the cluster) can sense resource reservation information related to a first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) transmitted by the first base station (within the cluster) and report the sensing result (or assistance information based on the sensing result) to the second base station.

[0296] (4) A step in which the network utilizes sensing results for resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink). For example, a second base station (within a cluster) may utilize the second base station's sensing results for resource reservation information related to the first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) and / or the second terminal's sensing results (or assistance information based on the sensing results) for scheduling base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of the second terminal (to be serviced).

[0297] Here, for example, the cluster may mean a cluster for service discovery purposes and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0298] Here, for example, the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference (or ground-to-air interference) may mean the interference effect that the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of a ground terminal and / or an air terminal has on the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of (another) air terminal.

[0299] Here, for example, some of the above step(s) may be omitted.

[0300] Here, for example, resource reservation information related to the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) may include cluster identification information.

[0301] Here, for example, resource reservation information related to the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) may be transmitted in the form of a control signal, and may be transmitted so that any base station and / or terminal (within the cluster) can decode it.

[0302] Here, for example, a base station and / or cell within a specific cluster (hereinafter referred to as a first cluster) may perform sensing for resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the first cluster.

[0303] Here, for example, the sensing process may include detecting resource reservation information and / or measuring the expected interference intensity due to the link.

[0304] Here, for example, the method can be applied to both dynamic grant (DG) based scheduling and / or configured grant (CG) based scheduling.

[0305] Here, for example, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0306] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and may (pre-)define and / or (pre-)configure a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0307] Here, the network can apply (or perform) an interference coordination technique (or operation) for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the cluster. For example, the network can apply (or perform) a sensing-based interference coordination technique (or operation) to reduce interference in base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the cluster.

[0308] Here, the sensing-based interference coordination technique (or operation) may be a technique (or operation) in which base stations (or cells) within the cluster share resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink), and perform a sensing operation on resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of other base stations (or cells) and / or interference strength from the corresponding link, thereby selecting a resource with a low interference level. Here, for example, transmission of resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) may be performed by a base station and / or terminal that will provide resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the cluster.

[0309] FIG. 17 illustrates a sensing-based base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination technique (or operation) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0310] Referring to FIG. 17, a first base station (within a cluster) can transmit resource reservation information related to first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) to a first terminal (service target) (within a cluster).

[0311] For example, a first terminal (within a cluster) may transmit resource reservation information related to a first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) (transmitted by the first base station) during a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission).

[0312] Here, for example, sensing of resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) can be performed by a base station and / or a terminal that utilizes the resource reservation information related to the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the cluster.

[0313] For example, a second base station (within a cluster) can sense resource reservation information related to a first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) transmitted by a first terminal (not a service target) (within the cluster).

[0314] For example, a second terminal (within a cluster) can sense resource reservation information related to a first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) transmitted by a first base station (within a cluster) and report the sensing result (or assistance information based on the sensing result) to the second base station. Here, the sensing result for the resource reservation information related to the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) can be utilized for scheduling of the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink).

[0315] For example, a second base station (within a cluster) may utilize the sensing results of the second base station and / or the sensing results of the second terminal (or assistance information based on the sensing results) for resource reservation information related to the first base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) for scheduling the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of the second terminal (to be serviced).

[0316] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the network can share resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) between each other, and by utilizing the sensing results for the information for scheduling, interference during public terminal service can be adjusted, which may have the advantage.

[0317] The above [Proposal #08] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0318] [Proposal #09]

[0319] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a network (pre-)configures and / or (pre-)defines whether to transmit control information (or control channel) for interference coordination to a terminal, and the terminal transmits (or performs control channel transmission) the control information (or control channel) for interference coordination via terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) when transmission of the control information (or control channel) for interference coordination is configured and / or defined, and the control information (or control channel) for interference coordination includes at least one or more of the following information.

[0320] (1) Resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink)

[0321] (2) Resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)

[0322] (3) Control information for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data demodulation

[0323] Here, for example, the control information (or control channel) for the interference adjustment may follow a power control scheme independent of the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data channel.

[0324] Here, for example, the control information (or control channel) for the interference adjustment may be transmitted using time / frequency / code / spatial resources that are distinct from the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data channel.

[0325] Here, for example, the control information for the interference adjustment may be transmitted between the network and the terminal in a form that can be decoded by (pre-)configured and / or (pre-)defined node(s).

[0326] Here, for example, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0327] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of an aerial terminal may interfere with a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of a ground terminal.

[0328] Here, the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) channel of the airborne terminal may be a LOS (link of sight or line of sight) channel, and the reception strength may be relatively high compared to the terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of the ground terminal. Here, the base station (or cell) (hereinafter, the first cell) that wishes to receive the terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of the ground terminal may apply (or perform) a sequential interference cancellation technique (or operation) as a process of the NOMA (non-orthogonal multiple access) technique.

[0329] For example, the first cell may first demodulate terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data of an air terminal acting as an interference signal, and then remove the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data of the air terminal from the entire received signal, and then demodulate the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data of the ground terminal. Here, the first cell may need to know scheduling information for demodulating the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data of the air terminal acting as an interference signal.

[0330] Accordingly, in the present disclosure, as a method for supporting interference data demodulation, a method is proposed in which a network (in advance) sets and / or (in advance) defines whether to transmit interference coordination control information (or control channel) to a terminal, and when transmission of the interference coordination control information (or control channel) is set and / or defined, the terminal transmits the interference coordination control information (or control channel) through terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink), and the interference coordination control information (or control channel) includes at least one or more of the following information.

[0331] (1) Resource reservation information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink)

[0332] (2) Resource reservation information related to base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)

[0333] (3) Control information for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data demodulation

[0334] If the proposed method of the present disclosure is followed, a (ground) base station (or cell) that wishes to receive a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) for a ground terminal may have the advantage of being able to target demodulate a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of an air terminal that acts as a strong interference based on interference coordination control information (or control channel) shared in the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink), and apply (or perform) a sequential interference cancellation technique (or operation).

[0335] The above [Proposal #09] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0336] [Suggestion #10]

[0337] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network sets up transmission of (terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) of an air terminal and / or a ground terminal, a method may be provided for (pre-)configuring and / or (pre-)defining a resource region (hereinafter, a first reference signal resource region) of a reference signal (for data demodulation) for an air terminal (for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) and a resource region (hereinafter, a second reference signal resource region) of a reference signal (for data demodulation) for a ground terminal (for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) as independent and / or orthogonal resource regions.

[0338] Here, for example, the first reference signal resource region and the second reference signal resource region may be orthogonal or distinct from a time / frequency / spatial resource perspective.

[0339] Here, for example, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0340] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of an aerial terminal may interfere with a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of a ground terminal.

[0341] Here, the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) channel of the airborne terminal may be a LOS (link of sight or line of sight) channel, and the reception strength of the transmission of the channel may be relatively greater than that of the terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of the ground terminal. Here, the base station (or cell) (hereinafter, the first cell) that wishes to receive the terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of the ground terminal may apply (or perform) a sequential interference cancellation technique (or operation) as a process of the NOMA (non-orthogonal multiple access) technique.

[0342] For example, the first cell may first perform demodulation of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data of an air terminal acting as interference, and then remove the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data of the air terminal from the entire received signal, and then perform demodulation of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data of a ground terminal.

[0343] Here, in order to apply (or perform) the technique (or operation) such as the above NOMA, the base station may need to be able to check the reception power ratio between its target signal and the interference signal. Here, for example, since the reception power ratio can be measured through a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) reference signal (e.g., a reference signal for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data demodulation), the reference signal between the target signal and the interference signal may need to be configured as an orthogonal resource (or it may be desirable to be configured as an orthogonal resource).

[0344] Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a method is proposed for (pre-)configuring and / or (pre-)defining a resource region (hereinafter, a first reference signal resource region) of a reference signal for data demodulation for the air terminal (for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) and a resource region (hereinafter, a second reference signal resource region) of a reference signal for data demodulation for the ground terminal (for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) as independent and / or orthogonal resource regions when a network sets up transmission of an air terminal and / or a ground terminal (for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) as independent and / or orthogonal resource regions.

[0345] According to the method of the above embodiment, there may be an advantage in that measurement of the reception power ratio between the target signal and the interference signal, which serves as a judgment criterion when the base station applies (or performs) an interference removal technique (or operation) such as NOMA, can be supported.

[0346] The above [Proposal #10] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0347] [Proposal #11]

[0348] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of multiple cells for a terminal, a method for supporting a cell-to-cell cooperation-based terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference cancellation technique (or operation) including one or more of the following processes may be provided.

[0349] (1) Setting up a target cell and / or a cooperative cell within a cluster. For example, the network may (pre-)set up and / or (pre-)define cooperative cell(s) for a target cell within a cluster.

[0350] (2) Exchange of information on the list of interference cells for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) within a cluster. For example, a cooperative target cell within a cluster can transmit a list of interference cells expected to interfere with terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) to the cooperative cell(s).

[0351] (3) Transmission settings for cooperation between cells within a cluster. For example, the network can configure terminals to transmit control information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) scheduling in a form that can be demodulated by the cooperating cell(s) during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission).

[0352] (4) Inter-cell cooperation-based interference cancellation within a cluster. For example, if a cooperative cell(s) within a cluster detects a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) within the interference cell list, it may attempt to demodulate the data for that terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) and transmit the result to the cooperative target cell. For example, if the cooperative target cell within the cluster receives the demodulated interference data result, it can remove the interference data from its received signal.

[0353] Here, for example, the cluster may mean a cluster for service discovery purposes and / or a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0354] Here, for example, as a transmission setting for cooperation within the cluster, terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) scheduling-related control information transmitted by a terminal in terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) may be transmitted in a form that can be decoded in any cell that supports terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) cooperative reception mode within the cluster.

[0355] Here, for example, as a transmission setting for cooperation within the cluster, terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) scheduling-related control information transmitted by the terminal in terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) may be transmitted as a resource that is distinct from the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data on the time axis, and may be transmitted prior to the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) data.

[0356] Here, for example, as a transmission setting for cooperation within the cluster, terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) scheduling-related control information transmitted by the terminal in terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) may include identification information for the scheduling cell and / or the receiving target cell. For example, it may include a cluster identifier and / or a cell identifier and / or a cluster member identifier.

[0357] Here, for example, the network may differentially set the computation time and / or transmission timing for a transmission channel on which a cooperative terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference cancellation technique (or operation) may be applied (or performed).

[0358] Here, for example, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0359] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an airborne terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the network may support functions such as 3D mobility support and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) / base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination as part of the airborne terminal and / or ground terminal service, and may (pre-)define and / or (pre-)configure a cluster composed of a plurality of base stations (or cells) as a unit for supporting the above function(s).

[0360] Here, the network can apply (or perform) interference coordination techniques (or operations) for terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) within the cluster.

[0361] For example, when receiving terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink), multiple cells within a cluster can perform cooperative reception to eliminate terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference. For example, the network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define cooperative cell(s) for a cooperative target cell within the cluster. Here, the cooperative target cell within the cluster can transmit to the cooperative cell(s) a list of interference cells expected to have interference effects during terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink).

[0362] Here, the network can be configured to transmit control information related to terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) scheduling in a form that can be data demodulated by the cooperative cell(s) during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission). Here, when the cooperative cell(s) within the cluster detect a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) within the interference cell list, the cooperative cell(s) can attempt to demodulate data for the corresponding terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) and transmit the result to the cooperative target cell. Here, when the cooperative target cell within the cluster receives the demodulation result for the interference data, the interference data can be removed from its received signal.

[0363] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, cell(s) within a cluster without their own scheduling can opportunistically support cooperative reception operations for interference cancellation of other cell(s), thereby achieving the effect of mitigating terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference within the cluster.

[0364] For example, as a variation of the above proposed method, a method may be considered to support a cell-to-cell cooperation-based terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) reception technique comprising one or more of the following processes, when the network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster consisting of multiple cells for the terminal:

[0365] (1) Setting up a target cell and / or a cooperative cell within a cluster. For example, the network may (pre-)set up and / or (pre-)define cooperative cell(s) for a target cell within a cluster.

[0366] (2) Transmission settings for cooperation between cells within a cluster. For example, the network can configure terminals to transmit terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) scheduling control information in a form that can be demodulated by the cooperating cell(s) during terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission).

[0367] (3) Cooperative reception operation between cells within a cluster. For example, if a cooperative cell(s) within a cluster detects a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) to a target cell for cooperation, it may attempt to demodulate the data for that terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) and forward the result to the target cell for cooperation. For example, if a target cell within a cluster receives the demodulation result for its data from the cooperative cell(s), it can utilize the result to improve the data demodulation quality.

[0368] The above [Proposal #11] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0369] [Proposal #12]

[0370] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a terminal senses interference influence prior to terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) resources, and then performs one or more of the following actions based on the sensing result.

[0371] (1) Decide whether to transmit from the resource in question based on the interference impact (omit transmission or perform transmission).

[0372] (2) Report the measurement results for interference effects to the network.

[0373] Here, for example, the network sets a plurality of terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) resource candidates for the terminal, and the terminal can transmit terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) using one or more resources among the plurality of terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) resource candidates based on the sensing result.

[0374] Here, for example, the terminal can sense interference influence based on a beam (or spatial filter) corresponding to the reverse direction of a beam (or spatial filter) for terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission). Or, for example, the terminal can sense interference influence after setting a beam (or spatial filter) in the reception direction of the base station based on its own location and the location of the serving base station.

[0375] Here, for example, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0376] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), when a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of a first aerial terminal is performed, a terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) of a second aerial terminal, which is another aerial terminal, may act as interference.

[0377] Here, the first air terminal performs sensing for interference influence before transmitting its own terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) resources, and then, based on its own judgment, may omit terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) or report the interference influence to its serving base station (or network).

[0378] Here, the first aerial terminal can sense the interference level based on a beam (or spatial filter) corresponding to the reverse direction of the beam (or spatial filter) for its own terminal-to-base station transmission (e.g., uplink transmission) in order to measure the interference impact of the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of the second aerial terminal on its own serving base station. Or, for example, the terminal can set a beam (or spatial filter) in the reception direction of the base station based on its own location and the location of the serving base station and then sense the interference impact.

[0379] According to the method of the above embodiment, the terminal can actively deal with interference in terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) and decide on resource transmission on its own or report interference impact to the base station.

[0380] The above [Proposal #12] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0381] [Suggestion #13]

[0382] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define a cluster composed of a plurality of cell(s) for one or more of the following purposes, a method may be provided for (pre-)configuring and / or (pre-)defining the cluster based on (the terminal's) altitude and / or (the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) reference signal reception strength.

[0383] (1) Service exploration purposes (e.g., initial access cell group)

[0384] (2) Terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference coordination purposes (or air-to-ground interference coordination purposes)

[0385] (3) Base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference coordination purposes (or ground-to-air interference coordination purposes)

[0386] Here, the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference (or air-to-ground interference) may refer to the interference effect that the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of an air terminal has on the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) of a ground terminal and / or (another) air terminal.

[0387] Here, the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference (or ground-to-air interference) may refer to the interference effect that the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of a ground terminal and / or an air terminal has on the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) of (another) air terminal.

[0388] Here, the network may independently (pre-)configure and / or (pre-)define clusters for each purpose, or (pre-)configure and / or define the same cluster for multiple purposes. For example, if no cluster for a purpose other than a cluster for service discovery (hereinafter referred to as the first cluster) is (pre-)configured and / or defined, the terminal may assume that the first cluster is also utilized as a cluster for interference coordination purposes.

[0389] Here, for example, the network can inform the terminal of the purpose and / or use of the cluster setup.

[0390] Here, for example, the network can distinguish between cluster-specific transmission settings and / or cell-specific transmission settings and convey them to the terminal.

[0391] Here, for example, the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) may mean a synchronization signal such as a synchronization signal block (e.g., Synchronization Signal Block; SSB).

[0392] Here, for example, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0393] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when it is assumed that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service to an aerial terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the service to the aerial terminal may cause a new type of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference, unlike a conventional wireless environment in which only services to ground terminals were supported.

[0394] For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference).

[0395] For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal (e.g., side lobes of a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) beam) may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminals served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference).

[0396] Here, for example, interference due to the above-mentioned air terminal service support may affect multiple (terrestrial) base stations (or cells) within a specific area. Therefore, a method is proposed (and the method may be desirable in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances) in which multiple (terrestrial) base stations (or cells) affected by the interference due to the above-mentioned air terminal service are (pre-)configured and / or (pre-)defined as a cluster, and a network and / or terminals apply (or perform) an interference coordination technique (or operation) and / or an interference mitigation technique (or operation) within the cluster.

[0397] Here, the cluster can be (pre-)defined, and the airborne terminals, etc. can identify it through the service discovery process. Here, the cluster can be (pre-)configured and / or (pre-)defined based on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) reference signal.

[0398] For example, for the first altitude range, an interference cooperation purpose cluster cell group 1 and an initial access cell group X may be set and / or defined, and for the second altitude range, an interference cooperation purpose cluster cell group 2 and an initial access cell group Y may be set and / or defined.

[0399] According to the method of the above embodiment, there is an advantage that the network and / or the terminal can control interference according to the public terminal service within a clearly promised and / or defined cluster, and manage the cluster by altitude (of the terminal) and / or reception strength of the reference signal (e.g., downlink) of the base station-to-terminal communication.

[0400] The above [Proposal #13] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0401] [Proposal #14]

[0402] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network can apply (or perform) a sensing-based interference coordination technique (or operation) as a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) and / or terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference coordination technique (or operation), a method for setting and / or defining (pre-)configuration and / or (pre-)definition for the sensing according to (the terminal's) altitude and / or (the base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)) reference signal reception strength can be provided.

[0403] Here, the (pre)setting and / or (pre)definition for the sensing may include physical resource settings and / or definitions for sensing.

[0404] Here, for example, the sensing process may include detecting resource reservation information and / or measuring the expected interference intensity due to the link.

[0405] Here, for example, the method can be applied to both dynamic grant (DG) based scheduling and / or configured grant (CG) based scheduling.

[0406] Here, for example, the proposed method can be applied (differently) depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0407] In a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when it is assumed that a (terrestrial) network (or base station) provides a service to an aerial terminal (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the service to the aerial terminal may cause a new type of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference, unlike a conventional wireless environment in which only services to ground terminals were supported.

[0408] For example, a terminal-to-base station signal (e.g., uplink signal) transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference).

[0409] For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal (e.g., side lobes of a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) beam) may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminals served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference).

[0410] Here, interference resulting from the above-mentioned airborne terminal service support may affect multiple (terrestrial) base stations (or cells) within a specific area. Here, the network may operate a sensing-based interference adjustment technique (or operation), such as allowing the airborne terminal to sense interference and control transmission power and / or transmission beam direction based on the sensing results.

[0411] Here, the settings and / or definitions for sensing for the terminal may be given by altitude (of the terminal) and / or reception strength of a reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0412] For example, the sensing resources for the above interference coordination purpose sensing may be set and / or defined differently depending on the altitude (of the terminal) and / or the reception strength of the reference signal (base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., downlink)).

[0413] According to the method of the above embodiment, there is an advantage in that the interference influence measurement can be segmented by distinguishing sensing resources and / or settings by altitude and / or reception strength (of the terminal).

[0414] The above [Proposal #14] can be applied in combination with the method(s) of other proposals, as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0415] For example, objects moving in the air, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and / or drones, can also perform communications, and since multiple lines of sight (LOS) are secured between the objects moving in the air and other communicating objects, multiple LOSs can also be secured between the objects moving in the air and multiple base stations among existing ground base stations, which may mean that terminal-to-base station communications (or base station-to-terminal communications) performed in individual cell-related communications may cause significant interference to other cells. For example, interference occurring in a communication operation may mean the degree of disruption that a performed transmission may cause to a reception operation of a scheduled transmission when the performed transmission is received by an object that is not intended to receive the performed transmission and is performing a monitoring operation to receive another scheduled transmission.

[0416] For example, a UAV may serve as a relay node providing communication services within the mobile communication system and / or as a terminal node receiving communication services within the mobile communication system. Here, when the aerial terminal is served by a terrestrial network, a new type of terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL link) interference and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL link) interference may be induced, unlike a conventional wireless environment where only terrestrial terminals were served.

[0417] For example, a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL link) signal transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL link) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). Or, for example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL link) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL link) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminal served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference).

[0418] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to mitigate multi-cell related interference due to the characteristics of the airborne terminal described above, a cluster composed of a plurality of cells may be newly defined, and an operation for mitigating interference resulting from the characteristics of the airborne terminal by utilizing the cluster may be provided. For example, according to the present disclosure, a method is proposed in which a cluster composed of a plurality of cells is set and / or defined for air-ground interference coordination in a next-generation communication system, and a resource partitioning and / or sensing and / or cooperative transmission-based interference coordination technique is applied within the cluster.

[0419] For example, the proposed method may include a method for designating a location and / or cell to be targeted by a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL link) beam of an airborne terminal within a cluster, a method for setting a first resource area that can be used interchangeably by airborne terminals and ground terminals within the cluster and a second resource area dedicated to ground terminals, a sensing and / or reservation-based air-ground interference coordination method when transmitting terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL link) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL link) within the cluster, and a method for demodulating interference data and applying IC in a cooperative cell when transmitting terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL link) and / or base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL link) within the cluster.

[0420] By enabling interference coordination operations to be performed within a cluster including multiple cells, it becomes possible to adjust interference that may arise from terminal-to-base station communication of air terminals, and as a result, efficient communication performance of air terminals can be achieved.

[0421] FIG. 18 illustrates a procedure of a method that may be performed by a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0422] Referring to FIG. 18, in step S1810, a first device may obtain information related to a cluster composed of multiple cells. In step S1820, the first device may communicate with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell. For example, the information related to the cluster may include information related to the size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

[0423] For example, the first cell may be identical to the second cell.

[0424] For example, information related to the cluster may include target information of a transmission beam to be used for the communication.

[0425] For example, information related to the cluster may be information related to the first cluster, and information related to the first cluster may include information related to the purpose of the first cluster.

[0426] For example, additionally, the first device may receive information related to a plurality of transmission beams; perform a first transmission based on the plurality of transmission beams to a first base station associated with the first cell; and receive information related to the first beam from the first base station. For example, the communication may be performed based on the first beam, the first beam may be a beam associated with the first cluster, and the first beam may be determined by the first base station based on the first transmission.

[0427] For example, the first transmission may be a reference signal transmission.

[0428] For example, additionally, the first device may perform an interference coordination operation. For example, the communication may be performed based on the interference coordination operation.

[0429] For example, the information related to the cluster may include information about a first resource area in which the interference coordination operation is performed and information about a second resource area in which the interference coordination operation is not performed, the communication may be performed in the first resource area, and the interference coordination operation may be performed based on the communication being performed in the first resource area.

[0430] For example, the interference coordination operation may include: receiving resource information from a first base station associated with the first cell; and transmitting the resource information.

[0431] For example, resource information transmitted by the first device may be received by a second device within the first cluster based on a sensing operation, and resource information transmitted by the first device may be reported by the second device to a third base station associated with a third cell included in the first cluster.

[0432] For example, the communication may include a device-to-base station transmission, and the device-to-base station transmission may include transmission of control information including identifier information associated with the first cluster.

[0433] For example, scheduling related to transmission of a third base station associated with a third cell included in the first cluster may be performed based on resource information transmitted by the first device.

[0434] The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can obtain information related to a cluster composed of a plurality of cells. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) so that the first device performs communication with a second base station (400) related to a second cell included in the first cluster including the first cell. For example, the information related to the cluster includes information related to the size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster can be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device (100).

[0435] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: obtain information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and perform communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0436] For example, the first cell may be identical to the second cell.

[0437] For example, information related to the cluster may include target information of a transmission beam to be used for the communication.

[0438] For example, information related to the cluster may be information related to the first cluster, and information related to the first cluster may include information related to the purpose of the first cluster.

[0439] For example, additionally, the commands may cause the first device to: receive information related to a plurality of transmission beams; cause a first base station associated with the first cell to perform a first transmission based on the plurality of transmission beams; and receive information related to the first beam from the first base station. For example, the communication may be performed based on the first beam, the first beam may be a beam associated with the first cluster, and the first beam may be determined by the first base station based on the first transmission.

[0440] For example, the first transmission may be a reference signal transmission.

[0441] For example, additionally, the commands may cause the first device to perform an interference coordination operation. For example, the communication may be performed based on the interference coordination operation.

[0442] For example, the information related to the cluster may include information about a first resource area in which the interference coordination operation is performed and information about a second resource area in which the interference coordination operation is not performed, the communication may be performed in the first resource area, and the interference coordination operation may be performed based on the communication being performed in the first resource area.

[0443] For example, the interference coordination operation may include: receiving resource information from a first base station associated with the first cell; and transmitting the resource information.

[0444] For example, resource information transmitted by the first device may be received by a second device within the first cluster based on a sensing operation, and resource information transmitted by the first device may be reported by the second device to a third base station associated with a third cell included in the first cluster.

[0445] For example, the communication may include a device-to-base station transmission, and the device-to-base station transmission may include transmission of control information including identifier information associated with the first cluster.

[0446] For example, scheduling related to transmission of a third base station associated with a third cell included in the first cluster may be performed based on resource information transmitted by the first device.

[0447] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: obtain information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and perform communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including the first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0448] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, cause a first device to: obtain information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and perform communication with a second base station associated with a second cell included in a first cluster including the first cell, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0449] FIG. 19 illustrates a procedure of a method that may be performed by a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0450] Referring to FIG. 19, in step S1910, a second device may transmit information related to a cluster composed of multiple cells to a first device. In step S1920, the second device may communicate with the first device. For example, the method may be performed by a first base station related to a first cell included in a first cluster, the information related to the cluster may include information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0451] For example, the communication may be performed based on an interference coordination operation, and the information related to the cluster may include information about a first resource area in which the interference coordination operation is performed and information about a second resource area in which the interference coordination operation is not performed.

[0452] The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (200) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (200) to transmit information related to a cluster composed of a plurality of cells to the first device (100). Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to perform communication with the first device (100). For example, the method is performed by a first base station (300) related to a first cell included in a first cluster, the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster can be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

[0453] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: transmit information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells to a first device; and perform communication with the first device, wherein the method is performed by a first base station associated with a first cell included in the first cluster, the information related to the cluster includes information related to a size of the cluster, and the size of the first cluster may be determined based on the information related to the size of the cluster and an altitude of the first device.

[0454] For example, the communication may be performed based on an interference coordination operation, and the information related to the cluster may include information about a first resource area in which the interference coordination operation is performed and information about a second resource area in which the interference coordination operation is not performed.

[0455] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0456] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0457] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0458] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0459] FIG. 20 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 20 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0460] Referring to FIG. 20, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0461] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0462] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0463] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0464] FIG. 21 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 21 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0465] Referring to FIG. 21, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 20.

[0466] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0467] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0468] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0469] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0470] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0471] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0472] FIG. 22 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 22 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0473] Referring to FIG. 22, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 22 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 21. The hardware elements of FIG. 22 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 21. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 21. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 21, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 21.

[0474] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 22. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0475] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0476] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0477] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 22. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 21) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0478] FIG. 23 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see FIG. 20). The embodiment of FIG. 23 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0479] Referring to FIG. 23, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 21 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 21. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 21. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0480] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 20, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 20, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 20, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 20, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 20, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 20, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 20, 400), a base station (Fig. 20, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0481] In FIG. 23, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be configured as one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0482] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 23 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0483] FIG. 24 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 24 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0484] Referring to FIG. 24, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 23, respectively.

[0485] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0486] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0487] FIG. 25 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned or unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like. The embodiment of FIG. 25 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0488] Referring to FIG. 25, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 23, respectively.

[0489] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.

[0490] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can irregularly / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. In addition, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to the external server. External servers can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or other technologies based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0491] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In terms of method, A step of obtaining information related to a cluster consisting of multiple cells; and Comprising a step of performing communication with a second base station associated with a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell, Information related to the above cluster includes information related to the size of the cluster, and A method wherein the size of the first cluster is determined based on information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

2. In paragraph 1, The above first cell is identical to the above second cell, method.

3. In paragraph 1, A method wherein information related to the above cluster includes target information of a transmission beam to be used for the communication.

4. In paragraph 1, Information related to the above cluster is information related to the first cluster, and A method wherein information related to the first cluster includes information related to the purpose of the first cluster.

5. In paragraph 1, A step of receiving information related to a plurality of transmission beams; A step of performing a first transmission based on the plurality of transmission beams to a first base station associated with the first cell; and Further comprising the step of receiving information related to the first beam from the first base station, The above communication is performed based on the first beam, The above first beam is a beam associated with the first cluster, and A method wherein the first beam is determined by the first base station based on the first transmission.

6. In paragraph 5, A method wherein the first transmission is a reference signal transmission.

7. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of performing an interference adjustment operation, A method wherein the above communication is performed based on the above interference coordination operation.

8. In paragraph 7, Information related to the above cluster includes information about a first resource area where the interference coordination operation is performed and information about a second resource area where the interference coordination operation is not performed. The above communication is performed in the first resource area, and A method wherein the above interference coordination operation is performed based on the communication being performed in the first resource area.

9. In paragraph 7, The above interference adjustment operation is: A step of receiving resource information from a first base station related to the first cell; and A method comprising the step of transmitting the above resource information.

10. In paragraph 9, The resource information transmitted by the first device is received by the second device within the first cluster based on a sensing operation, and A method in which resource information transmitted by the first device is reported to a third base station associated with a third cell included in the first cluster by the second device.

11. In paragraph 9, A method in which the resource information transmitted by the first device is received based on a sensing operation by a third base station related to a third cell included in the first cluster.

12. In paragraph 1, The above communication includes device-to-base station transmission, and A method wherein the device-to-base station transmission comprises transmitting control information including identifier information associated with the first cluster.

13. In paragraph 1, A method, wherein the above method is performed by the first device.

14. In the first device, At least one transceiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Obtaining information related to a cluster consisting of multiple cells; and To perform communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell, Information related to the above cluster includes information related to the size of the cluster, and A first device, wherein the size of the first cluster is determined based on information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

15. In a processing device set to control the first device, at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Obtaining information related to a cluster consisting of multiple cells; and To perform communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell, Information related to the above cluster includes information related to the size of the cluster, and A processing device, wherein the size of the first cluster is determined based on information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the first device to: Obtaining information related to a cluster consisting of multiple cells; and To perform communication with a second base station related to a second cell included in a first cluster including a first cell, Information related to the above cluster includes information related to the size of the above cluster, and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the size of the first cluster is determined based on information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

17. In the method, A step of transmitting information related to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells to a first device; and Including a step of performing communication with the first device, The above method is performed by a first base station associated with a first cell included in a first cluster, Information related to the above cluster includes information related to the size of the cluster, and A method wherein the size of the first cluster is determined based on information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

18. In paragraph 17, The above communication is performed based on interference coordination operation, and A method wherein the information related to the cluster includes information about a first resource area where the interference coordination operation is performed and information about a second resource area where the interference coordination operation is not performed.

19. In the second device, At least one transceiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: Causing the first device to transmit information relating to a cluster comprising a plurality of cells; and To perform communication with the above first device, The above method is performed by a first base station associated with a first cell included in a first cluster, Information related to the above cluster includes information related to the size of the cluster, and A second device, wherein the size of the first cluster is determined based on information related to the size of the cluster and the altitude of the first device.

20. In paragraph 19, The above communication is performed based on interference coordination operation, and A second device, wherein the information related to the cluster includes information about a first resource area where the interference coordination operation is performed and information about a second resource area where the interference coordination operation is not performed.

Images