Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a communication method and an apparatus. The method comprises: determining a first frequency domain resource location of a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a second frequency domain resource location of a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a third frequency domain resource location of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal; on the basis of the third frequency domain resource location, performing single carrier modulation on a symbol borne by the PBCH to obtain the PBCH signal, the single carrier modulation comprising performing same frequency domain spectrum shaping (FDSS) processing on common portions of the first frequency domain resource location of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource location of the SSS and the third frequency domain resource location of the PBCH signal; and outputting the PBCH signal. Using the present application can obtain a synchronization signal block (SSB) having a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and the SSB comprises a PBCH signal based on single carrier modulation, thereby improving the SSB transmission power and improving the cell coverage range.

Description

Communication method and device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 14, 2023, with application number 202311729279.2 and application name “Communication Method and Device,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device. Background Art

[0003] User equipment (UE) can only communicate with network equipment after accessing a cell. To access a cell, the UE needs to perform a cell search (which includes signal synchronization processing, etc.) to subsequently demodulate downlink signals and transmit uplink signals with precise timing.

[0004] Signal synchronization uses two specially designed synchronization signals: the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS). Network equipment broadcasts these synchronization signals in each cell. If the UE detects these two synchronization signals, the network equipment and the UE are synchronized in time and frequency. In addition, during the initial synchronization process, in addition to detecting the synchronization signals, the UE also decodes the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) to obtain key system parameters to better communicate with the network equipment.

[0005] In 5G mobile communication systems, the synchronization signal is transmitted together with the PBCH signal, forming an SS / PBCH block, referred to as a synchronization signal block (SSB). Furthermore, the PSS, SSS, and PBCH all utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. As shown in Figure 1, when the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) is 0.01, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the PBCH signal and SSS carrying quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbols is approximately 6.6 decibels (dB). Excessively high PAPR can lead to numerous problems. For example, if the peak power of the signal is not set correctly, the signal can enter the nonlinear operating region of the power amplifier (PA), causing signal and spectrum spreading or spectral regrowth. Spectral regrowth can cause mutual interference between subcarriers, leading to an increase in bit error rate. To avoid or alleviate these problems, PA input power backoff or output power backoff is generally implemented in practical applications. However, for SSB, PA input power backoff or PA output power backoff will reduce cell coverage.

[0006] As can be seen from Figure 1, discrete Fourier transform-spreading-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) signals have lower PAPR than OFDM signals. This is because DFT-s-OFDM modulation undergoes discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing compared to OFDM modulation, giving DFT-s-OFDM signals the characteristics of a single carrier, and the PAPR of a single-carrier signal is generally lower than the PAPR of a multi-carrier signal represented by OFDM. To ensure that SSB has a lower PAPR, achieve high-power SSB transmission, and improve cell coverage, next-generation communication systems may change some signals in SSB, such as PBCH signals, to single-carrier modulation. How to design a low-PAPR SSB (where some or all signals in SSB are modulated using a single carrier) is a technical problem that researchers in this field are currently solving. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application proposes a communication method and device, which can obtain a synchronization signal block SSB with a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). The SSB includes a PBCH signal modulated by a single carrier, thereby increasing the SSB transmission power and improving the cell coverage.

[0008] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a network device, including being executed by the network device, or being executed by a component in the network device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or being executed by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the network device. The method includes: determining a first frequency domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal, the single-carrier modulation including performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal; and outputting the PBCH signal.

[0009] Optionally, performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal can be understood as the network device multiplying the frequency domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient. That is, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position are the same, or, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS, the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS, and the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same, or, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PSS, the frequency domain resources of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0010] Optionally, the network device can also output PSS and SSS.

[0011] Optionally, the PAPR of the PSS / SSS is no higher than (including less than or equal to) the PAPR of the PBCH signal. Because the PBCH signal uses single-carrier modulation, it has a low PAPR. This PAPR constraint on the PSS / SSS ensures a low PAPR for the SSB as a whole, thereby increasing SSB transmit power and improving cell coverage.

[0012] In the above method, by introducing FDSS processing in single-carrier modulation, the PAPR of the PBCH signal can be further reduced. In addition, by performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the frequency domain resources occupied by PSS, PBCH, and SSS, the PSS can be used as the demodulation reference signal DMRS of SSS / PBCH or the PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH. Optionally, some time-frequency resources may not be used to transmit dedicated PBCH DMRS at this time, reducing overhead (in 5GNR, the PBCH DMRS overhead is approximately 15%). Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used for the PBCH signal to carry more information.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, or the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0014] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, including: the frequency domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS.

[0015] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, including: the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0016] In another possible implementation, the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing is performed on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, including: multiplying the frequency domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient.

[0017] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and PBCHDMRS exists, the PBCH DMRS occupies a separate symbol in the time domain, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCHDMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes PBCHDMRS.

[0018] In the above method, because the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS / SSS is smaller than the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal, channel estimates cannot be obtained for all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal based on the PSS / SSS, which impairs the demodulation performance of the PBCH signal. To obtain channel estimates for all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and ensure PBCH signal demodulation performance, some additional time-frequency resources can be used to transmit the PBCH DMRS. The PBCH signal can include the PBCH DMRS, that is, the PBCH signal carries the PBCH DMRS in addition to data symbols. The PBCH DMRS and the data symbols carried by the PBCH are multiplexed in a before-DFT (pre-DFT) manner, that is, part of the DFT input is the PBCH DMRS and part is the data symbols carried by the PBCH. The PBCH DMRS can also occupy a single symbol in the time domain, and the bandwidth of the PBCH DMRS is the same as the PBCH signal bandwidth. PBCH DMRS may be distributed in the frequency domain, meaning that some frequencies within the bandwidth are used to place PBCH DMRS (these used frequencies are called PBCH DMRS frequency domain resources), while the remaining frequencies are left vacant. In this case, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS. In addition, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common portion of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS frequency domain resources are the same, ensuring that the channel estimate obtained from the received PBCH DMRS can be used for PBCH signal demodulation.

[0019] In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes determining the PSS bandwidth scaling factor, the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0020] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0021] In the above method, bandwidth expansion or bandwidth compression is performed through the bandwidth scaling factor. The bandwidth scaling factor determines the efficiency of bandwidth resource utilization or spectrum efficiency. The cost of bandwidth expansion is reduced spectrum efficiency, but the signal can achieve a lower PAPR, achieve high-power transmission, and greatly improve the cell coverage. Bandwidth compression improves spectrum efficiency, but the signal may be worse in terms of PAPR compared to no compression. In actual applications, the selection of bandwidth expansion or compression and the specific value of the bandwidth scaling factor are determined according to the SSB PAPR requirements. If the current SSB PAPR meets the requirements and a certain degree of bandwidth compression does not cause a significant deterioration of PAPR, bandwidth compression may be performed at this time to improve spectrum efficiency.

[0022] In addition, it should be understood that under a given bandwidth scaling factor, different bandwidth expansion or bandwidth compression methods will also affect the signal PAPR.

[0023] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0024] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0025] In the above method, when the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, this design approach is simple and only requires setting a bandwidth scaling factor value. By adopting these two design approaches, where the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, or where the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, the PSS / SSS signal design can be more flexible, for example, the PSS / SSS can adopt OFDM modulation, under the constraint that the PAPR of the PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal.

[0026] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS are modulated using π / 2-BPSK single carrier, that is, the PSS and / or SSS are modulated using single carrier, and the symbols carried are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0027] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0028] In the above method, the PSS can be used as the DMRS for the SSS / PBCH signal, and the SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH signal. Optionally, some time-frequency resources can be eliminated for transmitting dedicated PBCH DMRS, reducing overhead. Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used to carry more information in the PBCH signal.

[0029] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0030] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS.

[0031] Optionally, the amplitude scaling may be a power adjustment, which may include, for example, a power boost or a power reduction.

[0032] In the above method, through the above manner, the PSS, SSS and PBCH signal powers can be optimized under the maximum transmission power and cell coverage requirements, which is beneficial to improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0033] In another possible implementation, the amplitude scaling of the symbols carried by the PBCH, the amplitude scaling of the symbols carried by the PSS, or the amplitude scaling of the symbols carried by the SSS includes: multiplying the symbols carried by the PBCH by the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH The symbol carried by the PSS is multiplied by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or the symbol carried by the SSS is multiplied by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

[0034] Optionally, the amplitude scaling factor may also be referred to as a power adjustment factor, which is used to adjust the transmit power.

[0035] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: sending indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS And the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; Or, the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

[0036] In this way, the PSS can be used as the DMRS for the SSS / PBCH, and the SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH signal. Accordingly, the channel estimate obtained by the terminal device from the PSS can be used for SSS / PBCH demodulation, or the channel estimate obtained by the terminal from the SSS can be used for PBCH demodulation. Optionally, some time-frequency resources can be omitted to transmit a dedicated PBCH DMRS, reducing overhead. Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used to carry more information in the PBCH signal.

[0037] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a terminal device, including being executed by the terminal device, or being executed by a component in the terminal device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or being executed by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the terminal device functions. The method includes: receiving a synchronization signal block SSB, the SSB including: a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; determining a first frequency domain resource position of the primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of the secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of the physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by single-carrier modulation of the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal. In one possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, or the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0038] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, including: the frequency domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS.

[0039] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, including: the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0040] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a separate symbol in the time domain, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCHDMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes PBCHDMRS.

[0041] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0042] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0043] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS are modulated using π / 2-BPSK single carrier, that is, the PSS and / or SSS are modulated using single carrier, and the symbols carried are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0044] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0045] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0046] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving indication information from a network device, wherein the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; Or, the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

[0047] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the second aspect or possible implementation methods, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding implementation methods.

[0048] On the third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which can be a network device, or a component in the network device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the network device, including: a processing unit and a transceiver unit, the processing unit is used to determine the first frequency domain resource position of the primary synchronization signal PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the secondary synchronization signal SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; the processing unit is also used to perform single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal; the transceiver unit is used to output the PBCH signal.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, or the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0050] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS.

[0051] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0052] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is used to multiply the frequency domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient.

[0053] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a separate symbol in the time domain, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCHDMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes PBCHDMRS.

[0054] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to determine the PSS bandwidth scaling factor, the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0055] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0056] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0057] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0058] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS are modulated using π / 2-BPSK single carrier, that is, the PSS and / or SSS are modulated using single carrier, and the symbols carried are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0059] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0060] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0061] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS.

[0062] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is configured to multiply the symbol carried by the PBCH by a PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH The symbol carried by the PSS is multiplied by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or the symbol carried by the SSS is multiplied by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

[0063] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to send indication information to the terminal device, wherein the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS And the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; Or, the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

[0064] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the third aspect or possible implementation methods, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding implementation methods.

[0065] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which may be a terminal device, or a component in the terminal device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the terminal device, including: a processing unit and a transceiver unit, the transceiver unit is used to receive a synchronization signal block SSB, the SSB including: a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; the processing unit is used to determine a first frequency domain resource position of the primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of the secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of the physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by single-carrier modulation of the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, or the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0067] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS.

[0068] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0069] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a separate symbol in the time domain, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCHDMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes PBCHDMRS.

[0070] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0071] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0072] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS are modulated using π / 2-BPSK single carrier, that is, the PSS and / or SSS are modulated using single carrier, and the symbols carried are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0073] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0074] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0075] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive indication information from a network device, wherein the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; Or, the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

[0076] Regarding the technical effects brought about by the fourth aspect or possible implementation methods, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the second aspect or corresponding implementation methods.

[0077] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes at least one processor and a communication interface, and the at least one processor calls a computer program or instruction stored in a memory to execute the method described in the first aspect or the possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0078] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes at least one processor and a communication interface, and the at least one processor calls a computer program or instruction stored in a memory to execute the method described in the above-mentioned second aspect or a possible implementation method of the second aspect.

[0079] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip device, comprising at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute computer programs or instructions to implement the method described in any one of the above aspects.

[0080] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction runs on a processor, the method described in any one of the above aspects is implemented.

[0081] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the method described in any one of the above aspects is implemented.

[0082] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, comprising: the apparatus as described in the fifth aspect and the apparatus as described in the sixth aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0083] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a PAPR comparison provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the SSB structure in 5G NR;

[0086] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping on PBCH in 5G NR;

[0087] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of an OFDM system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a single carrier-frequency domain equalization system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of frequency response under different roll-off factors provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of understanding time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation from the frequency domain dimension provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG10 is a QPSK modulation symbol trajectory diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG. 11 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present application. Modulation symbol trajectory diagram;

[0094] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a DFT-s-OFDM FDSS implementation provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] FIG. 13 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of the PAPR of a signal;

[0096] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a scenario 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a second scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a third scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a PBCH DMRS provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of a PBCH data and PBCH DMRS jointly occupying a PBCH symbol provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] FIG20 is a diagram showing the PAPR of PSS / SSS under two designs provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] FIG21 shows the PAPR of PSS / SSS under two further designs provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of a PBCH demodulation process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of the CFR of a PSS in a second case provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of an FDSS of a PSS in a second scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of the CFR of a PSS in case three provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of an FDSS of a PSS in case three provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] FIG27 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] Figure 28 is a structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0111] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0112] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0113] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or", for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a, b, and c. Among them, a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0114] It is understood that in this application, "indication" can include direct indication, indirect indication, explicit indication, and implicit indication. When describing that a certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can be understood that the indication information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A.

[0115] In this application, the information indicated by the indication information is referred to as the information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated, such as but not limited to, the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated, etc., or the information to be indicated can be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, wherein there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of specific information can also be achieved with the help of the arrangement order of each information agreed in advance (such as specified in the protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent.

[0116] The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately. The transmission period and / or transmission timing of these sub-information can be the same or different. The specific transmission method is not limited in this application. The transmission period and / or transmission timing of these sub-information can be predefined, for example, according to a protocol, or can be configured by the transmitting device through sending configuration information to the receiving device.

[0117] It can be understood that "sending" and "receiving" in this application indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "sending information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information is XX, which can include direct sending through the air interface, and also include indirect sending through the air interface by other units or modules. "Receiving information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information is YY, which can include direct receiving from YY through the air interface, and also include indirect receiving from YY through the air interface from other units or modules. "Sending" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface.

[0118] In other words, sending and receiving can be performed between devices, for example, between a network device and a terminal device, or can be performed within a device, for example, sending or receiving between components, modules, chips, software modules or hardware modules within the device through a bus, wiring or interface.

[0119] It is understandable that information may be processed between the source and destination of information transmission, such as coding, modulation, etc., but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be understood similarly and will not be repeated.

[0120] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to cellular communication systems related to the third generation partnership project (3GPP), for example, fourth generation (4G) communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) communication systems, and can also be applied to fifth generation (5G) communication systems, such as 5G new radio (NR) communication systems, or to various future communication systems, such as sixth generation (6G) communication systems. The method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to Bluetooth systems, wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, LoRa systems or Internet of Vehicles systems, communication systems that support the integration of multiple wireless technologies, and device-to-device (D2D) systems. The method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to satellite communication systems, wherein the satellite communication system can be integrated with the above-mentioned communication system. The wireless communication systems involved in this application also include but are not limited to: narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) system, global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000), or time division-synchronization code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA).

[0121] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 100 architecture shown in Figure 2 is used as an example to illustrate the application scenarios used in the present application. The communication system 100 includes a network device 101 and a terminal device 102. It should be understood that the communication system 100 to which the method of the embodiment of the present application can be applied can include more or fewer network devices or terminal devices. The network device and terminal device can be hardware, functionally divided software, or a combination of the two. The network device and terminal devices can communicate with each other through other devices or network elements. In this system, network device 101 can transmit data with multiple terminal devices, that is, network device 101 sends downlink data to terminal device 102, and of course, terminal device 102 can also send uplink data to network device 101. The apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to network device 101 or terminal device 102. It should be understood that Figure 2 only illustrates one possible communication system architecture to which the embodiment of the present application can be applied. In other possible scenarios, the communication system architecture may also include other devices.

[0122] It should be understood that FIG2 is an exemplary illustration and the present application is not limited thereto. The present application can be applied to any communication scenario in which a transmitting device and a receiving device communicate. It should also be understood that the communication devices involved in the present application (such as a transmitting device and a receiving device) can be network devices or terminal devices. For example, the transmitting device mentioned in the present application can be a network device, and the receiving device can be a terminal device.

[0123] Terminal device 102, also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), or mobile terminal (MT), is a device that provides voice or data connectivity to a user. Specifically, it includes a device that provides voice to a user, a device that provides data connectivity to a user, or a device that provides both voice and data connectivity to a user. For example, it may include a handheld device with wireless connectivity or a processing device connected to a wireless modem. The terminal device can communicate with the core network via a radio access network (RAN), exchange voice or data with the RAN, or exchange voice and data with the RAN. Currently, terminal devices may include: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.), in-vehicle devices (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains, etc.), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, smart home devices (such as refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electric meters, etc.), intelligent robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in remote surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, and flying devices (such as intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes). Terminal devices may also be other devices with terminal functions, for example, a terminal device may also be a device that functions as a terminal in D2D communication.The terminal device may also include vehicle to everything (V2X) terminal equipment, machine-to-machine / machine-type communications (M2M / MTC) terminal equipment, Internet of Things (IoT) terminal equipment, light terminal equipment (light UE), reduced capability UE (REDCAP UE), subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, remote station, access point (AP), remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, or user equipment (user device), drone equipment, etc. For example, it may include a mobile phone (or so-called "cellular" phone), a computer with a mobile terminal device, a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, or computer-built-in mobile device, etc. For example, personal communication service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and other devices. Also included are limited devices, such as devices with low power consumption, or devices with limited storage capacity, or devices with limited computing power. Examples include information sensing devices such as barcodes, radio frequency identification (RFID), sensors, global positioning systems (GPS), and laser scanners. In this application, terminal devices with wireless transceiver capabilities and chips that can be provided in the aforementioned terminal devices are collectively referred to as terminal devices.

[0124] It should be noted that the terminal device can be a device or apparatus with a chip, or a device or apparatus with integrated circuits, or a chip, module or control unit in the device or apparatus shown above, and this application does not limit this specifically.

[0125] The network device 101 is a device deployed in a radio access network to provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices. The network device 101 can also be called an access network (RAN) entity, an access node, a network node, or a communication device.

[0126] Specifically, the network device may be an access network device of a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). For example, a fourth-generation (4G) mobile communication system or a 5G mobile communication system. The network device may also be an access network device in an open access network (O-RAN or ORAN) or a cloud radio access network (CRAN). Alternatively, the network device may be an access network device in a communication system obtained by integrating two or more of the above communication systems.

[0127] The network equipment includes, but is not limited to, evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP) in wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, macro base station, micro base station, wireless relay node, donor node, wireless controller in CRAN scenario, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP) or transmission and receiving point (TRP). The network equipment can also be an access network equipment in a 5G mobile communication system. For example, a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, a TRP, a TP, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G mobile communication system. Alternatively, the network device may also be a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point. For example, a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU may be configured separately or included in the same network element. For example, a BBU. The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or radio frequency unit. For example, in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). Alternatively, the network device may also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle, or an on-board device. For example, in V2X technology, the network device may be a road side unit (RSU).

[0128] It should be noted that in different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in the ORAN system, CU may also be called an open centralized unit (O-CU) or an open CU, DU may also be called an open distributed unit (O-DU), a centralized unit control plane (CU-CP) may also be called an open centralized unit control plane (O-CU-CP) or an open CU-CP, a centralized unit user plane (CU-UP) may also be called an open centralized unit user plane (O-CU-UP) or an open CU-UP, and RU may also be called an open radio unit (O-RU). This application does not limit this. Any of the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU in this application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0129] In some deployments, the CU implements some gNB functions, while the DU implements some gNB functions. For example, the CU implements the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers, while the DU implements the functions of the radio link control (RLC), media access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layers. Because RRC layer information ultimately becomes PHY layer information, or is converted from PHY layer information, in this architecture, higher-layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling or PDCP layer signaling, can also be considered to be sent by the DU, or sent jointly by the DU and RU. It is understood that a network device can be a CU node, a DU node, or a device that includes both a CU node and a DU node. Furthermore, the CU can be classified as a network device in the access network (RAN) or a network device in the core network (CN), without limitation here.

[0130] Optionally, the network device may also be a core network device. The core network device is responsible for access control, registration management, service management, mobility management, etc. for terminal devices accessing the network. For example, the core network device is an AMF.

[0131] It should be noted that the network device can be the device or apparatus shown above, or it can be a component (for example, a chip), module, or unit in the device or apparatus shown above, and this application does not limit it specifically.

[0132] In order to better understand the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, some terms, concepts or processes involved in the embodiments of the present application are first introduced below for easier understanding.

[0133] 1. Channels, Multipath, and Delay Spread

[0134] (1) Channel refers to the transmission path of a signal in a communication system. It is composed of the transmission medium through which the signal is transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver. Sometimes, in addition to the transmission medium, the channel also includes related equipment for transmitting the signal.

[0135] (2) Multipath is a propagation phenomenon that causes radio signals to travel two or more paths to the receiver. Causes of multipath include atmospheric ducting, ionospheric reflection and refraction, and reflection from water bodies and land objects (such as mountains and buildings).

[0136] (3) Delay spread (DS): Also known as multipath delay spread, a radio signal reaches the receiver through two or more paths. Since these multiple copies of the transmitted signal travel different distances, they arrive at the receiver at different times. The difference in the time it takes for the signal to reach the receiver through different paths is called delay spread.

[0137] If a signal is received at a given time and then a copy of that signal is received a fraction of a second later, the information will be "blurred" due to the temporal overlap of the signals. As the maximum delay spread (MDS) increases, the quality of the received signal degrades, and ultimately communication becomes impossible (i.e., the transmitted signal cannot be correctly demodulated), even when the signal level is above the receiver's sensitivity level.

[0138] 2. Synchronous Signal Block

[0139] In 5G NR, the PBCH and PSS / SSS are combined to form an SS / PBCH block, also known as a synchronization signal block (SSB), as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the SSB structure in 5G NR. The SSB occupies four consecutive symbols in the time domain, and each symbol occupies 20 resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain, or 240 resource elements (REs). The PSS and SSS occupy the first and third symbols of the SSB, respectively, occupying 127 subcarriers, with corresponding subcarrier indices 56-182. The PBCH occupies the second and fourth symbols of the entire SSB, and also occupies 48 subcarriers at both ends of the third symbol, for a total of 2*240+48*2=576 REs.

[0140] PSS, SSS, and PBCH all use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. PSS carries binary phase shift keying (BPSK) symbol sequences in the frequency domain. PSS (n), which is mapped from an m-sequence x(m) of length 127 through BPSK modulation, as shown in formula (1):

[0141] Among them, x(i+7)=(x(i+4)+x(i))mod 2, [x(6)x(5)x(4)x(3)x(2)x(1)x(0)]=[1 1 1 0 1 1 0].

[0142] SSS carries the BPSK symbol sequence d in the frequency domain. SSS (n) is mapped from two m-sequences x0(m) and x1(m) of length 127, as shown in formula (2):

[0143] Among them, x0(i+7)=(x0(i+4)+x0(i))mod 2,x1(i+7)=(x1(i+1)+x1(i))mod 2,[x0(6)x0(5)x0(4)x0(3)x0(2)x0(1)x0(0)]=[0 0 0 0 0 0 1],[x1(6)x1(5)x1(4)x1(3)x1(2)x1(1)x1(0)]=[0 0 0 0 0 0 1].

[0144] 5GNR defines 1008 physical-layer cell identities (PCIs), ranging from 0 to 1007, which are expressed as follows by formula (3):

[0145] in, represents PCI, and represents the physical layer cell identity 1, and represents the physical layer cell identity 2, and

[0146] Please refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of resource mapping on the PBCH in 5GNR. Each RB of the PBCH has three REs used for the PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS). These three REs correspond to the black squares in Figure 4, and the interval between two adjacent black squares is 4. Therefore, 144 of the 576 REs of the PBCH are used for the PBCH DMRS, and the remaining 432 REs carry QPSK symbols. These 144 PBCH DMRS are obtained by QPSK modulation of a gold sequence. The initial value of the gold sequence is c iniy The two least significant bits of the candidate SS / PBCH block index or the three least significant bits of the candidate SS / PBCH block index are the same as the lower 2 bits of the SSB index (the two least significant bits of the candidate SS / PBCH block index) or the lower 3 bits (the three least significant bits of the candidate SS / PBCH block index). As shown in Figure 4, DMRS has four frequency offsets v, namely v = 0, v = 1, v = 2, and v = 3. Setting different frequency offsets for adjacent cells in the same frequency helps to reduce pilot interference. The frequency offset v is related to The specific formula is as shown in formula (4):

[0147] 3. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Technology

[0148] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of an implementation of an OFDM system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The transmitting end can convert M consecutive data symbols into M-dimensional data blocks S through serial to parallel conversion (s-to-p). k =[S k [0],S k [1],...,S k [M-1]] T, subscript k is the OFDM symbol number, and superscript T represents matrix transposition. Then subcarrier mapping is performed, specifically S k The M data carried modulates M subcarriers among N subcarriers, or in other words, M subcarriers among N subcarriers carry S k Carrying M data,

[0149] The remaining (NM) subcarriers can be understood as being modulated by 0. k A set of N complex time domain sampling points x is obtained by N-point discrete inverse Fourier transform (IDFT) k =[x k [0],x k [1],...,x k [N-1]] T , then perform parallel-to-serial conversion (P-to-S), and then add a cyclic prefix (CP). Adding a CP at the beginning of each OFDM symbol will generate a protection field, thereby eliminating inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation. Adding CP is specifically implemented by copying x k The last G samples of x are appended to k At the beginning of the time domain OFDM signal Therefore, an OFDM symbol contains valid data x k and cyclic prefix (redundant data). Finally, the OFDM signal is converted by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a radio frequency module before being transmitted through the antenna. Correspondingly, demodulation is performed at the receiving end through the inverse process, which will not be described in detail here.

[0150] Assuming that time and frequency synchronization can be achieved and the CP length is sufficient, after the CP removal operation (i.e., removing the first G samples in the received signal), a data block containing N samples with no ISI is obtained, which is also equal to the OFDM symbol x k Circular convolution with the channel frequency response. The time-domain circular convolution can be converted to a frequency-domain dot product using the fast Fourier transform (FFT), and then channel equalization can be achieved with low complexity using frequency-domain one-tap equalization.

[0151] 4. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum

[0152] Discrete Fourier transform-spreading-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) defines the data block s transmitted in the time domain. k , there is an additional discrete Fourier transform (DFT) process before the OFDM process, that is, for each data block s containing M data k Perform an M-point DFT operation. This operation gives the DFT-s-OFDM signal the characteristics of a single carrier, with a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) far lower than that of multi-carrier signals like OFDM. Therefore, with the same power amplifier, DFT-s-OFDM can provide greater output power and higher power amplifier efficiency, thereby improving coverage and reducing energy consumption. The coverage and power consumption advantages of DFT-s-OFDM are particularly evident on the terminal device side, and DFT-s-OFDM can be applied to uplink transmission.

[0153] s k It may include modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. The modulation symbol may be a modulation symbol obtained by modulating a (coded) bit stream. The modulation scheme may include pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), phase shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM), amplitude phase shift keying (APSK), etc. The redundant signal sampling points may include phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sampling points, unique words, zeros, etc.

[0154] 5. Time Domain Linear Convolution Single Carrier Modulation

[0155] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of a time domain linear convolution single carrier (SC) modulation provided by an embodiment of the present application. The data sequence is subjected to shaping filtering to generate a signal x. Shaping filtering can specifically include two processes: upsampling and filtering (i.e., linear convolution of the upsampled signal and the shaped pulse). In DFT-s-OFDM, the shaped pulse has a period, and the DFT-s-OFDM signal x k Can be understood as data block s k Circular convolution with shaped pulses.

[0156] The data sequence may include modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. The relevant descriptions of the modulation symbols and redundant signal sampling points can be referred to above and will not be repeated here.

[0157] 6. Single Carrier - Frequency Domain Equalization

[0158] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of a single carrier-frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Based on time-domain linear convolution single carrier modulation, SC-FDE first divides the data sequence into a series of data blocks s of length M through a partition module. k Then add a cyclic prefix CP, that is, add a CP of length Q to each data block, that is, copy s k The last Q data to s k Then, upsampling and filtering are performed, and finally the signal is transformed by the DAC and RF module and sent out through the antenna. Correspondingly, the receiving end performs demodulation through the inverse process, which will not be described in detail here.

[0159] 7. Roll-off factor, spectrum / bandwidth expansion factor

[0160] Roll-off is the steepness of the frequency response function with frequency. Please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of the frequency response under different roll-off factors proposed in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that when the roll-off factor β = 0, the frequency response with a rectangular shape is the steepest. In practice, filters with rectangular window frequency response are difficult to implement. Using roll-off can reduce the difficulty of filter implementation, but it will increase the bandwidth. The roll-off factor is defined as shown in formula (5):

[0161] Wherein, the no-roll-off bandwidth corresponds to the bandwidth when β = 0. When β = 1, the bandwidth is doubled. When β = 0.5, the bandwidth is increased by 50%. β is defined based on the no-roll-off bandwidth as a reference. Spectrum / bandwidth extension can also be described based on the extended bandwidth as a reference. For example, the spectrum / bandwidth extension factor (spectrum / bandwidth extension factor) shown in formula (6) is defined as:

[0162] If β=1, the spectrum / bandwidth expansion factor is 0.5; if β=0.5, the spectrum / bandwidth expansion factor is 1 / 3.

[0163] Please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application for understanding time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation from the frequency domain dimension. In time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation, time-domain upsampling is equivalent to periodically replicating the spectrum of the data sequence in the frequency domain. The rectangular grid with diagonal lines in Figure 9 represents the spectrum of the data sequence. Time-domain pulse shaping is equivalent to windowing the periodically replicated spectrum in the frequency domain, and the window function is the frequency domain response of the pulse shaping filter. The trapezoid in Figure 9 represents the window function. The roll-off factor of the pulse shaping filter is generally greater than 0, and the bandwidth occupied is greater than the bandwidth occupied by the spectrum of the data sequence. As shown in Figure 9, the length of the window function is greater than the spectral width of the data sequence. In the DFT-s-OFDM signal generation shown in Figure 5, it can be regarded as using a pulse shaping filter with a frequency domain response of a rectangular window, that is, the roll-off is equal to 0. Due to the use of a pulse shaping filter with roll-off, the time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation signal has a lower PAPR than the DFT-s-OFDM signal in Figure 5.

[0164] 8. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Modulation

[0165] Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation maps two consecutive bits into a QPSK symbol. The QPSK modulation defined in NR is shown in formula (7), which is as follows:

[0166] Where b(2i) represents the 2i-th bit, b(2i+1) represents the 2i+1-th bit, d(i) represents the i-th QPSK symbol, and j 2 =1.

[0167] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a QPSK modulation symbol trajectory diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen from Figure 10 that there is a 0 degree, 90 degree or 180 degree phase jump (also called zero crossing) between two adjacent QPSK symbols.

[0168] Nine,

[0169] Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation maps one bit into a Symbol. 5GNR The modulation mapping formula is shown in formula (8), which is as follows:

[0170] Among them, b(i) represents the i-th bit, d(i) represents the i-th symbol.

[0171] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a diagram of an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 11, the phase transition between two adjacent π / 2-BPSK symbols is only 90 degrees. Since a single-carrier signal can be considered as an interpolation of the symbol sequence input by the single-carrier modulation, for a QPSK symbol sequence, a 180-degree phase transition or zero crossing will interpolate a zero signal, meaning that the signal strength is 0 at a certain moment, resulting in a higher PAPR. Therefore, The single carrier signal has a lower PAPR than the QPSK single carrier signal.

[0172] The following analysis The frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol sequence. Assume The symbol sequence {d(i)} contains M symbols. Performing an M-point DFT on {d(i)} yields the corresponding frequency domain signal, denoted as y(k), k = 0, 1, …, M-1. Here, y(k) has the following properties:

[0173] The superscript * indicates the complex conjugation operation. Therefore, y(k), k=0,1,…,M-1 has Redundant signals. Remove these redundant signals and use the remaining The signal combined with the above relationship can still recover y(k), k=0,1,…,M-1.

[0174] If before performing DFT, {d(i)} is subjected to phase rotation as shown in formula (10), that is,

[0175] Then Doing M-point DFT can get the corresponding frequency domain signal, which is recorded as in, It has the following properties:

[0176] therefore, There are Redundant signals. Remove these redundant signals and use the remaining The signal can still be recovered by combining the above relationship

[0177] 10. Bandwidth Expansion and FDSS

[0178] In this application, windowing a frequency domain signal is referred to as frequency domain spectrum shaping (FDSS). Introducing FDSS with roll-off in the DFT-s-OFDM implementation shown in Figure 5 can reduce the PAPR of the DFT-s-OFDM signal.

[0179] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of a DFT-s-OFDM FDSS implementation provided by an embodiment of the present application. Since the FDSS width is larger than the DFT output signal (denoted as S k ) bandwidth, so bandwidth expansion is done before FDSS. One way to expand bandwidth is to increase the bandwidth of S k The tail part of the signal is copied to S k In front of k The header signal is copied to S k The output of the bandwidth extension module is the input of the FDSS module. The FDSS module multiplies the expanded signal points by the FDSS coefficients. For example, the bandwidth extended signal is The i-th value is The output signal obtained by the FDSS module is The i-th value is and The relationship between

[0180] Where c[i] is the i-th FDSS coefficient. The FDSS module output signal is subjected to subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP processing to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal.

[0181] Please refer to Figure 13, which is a diagram of an embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of the PAPR of the signal, the signal after bandwidth expansion (such as ) occupies 720 subcarriers. FDSS is the root-raised cosine (RRC) function with 720 coefficients. The RRC function is a Nyquist filter. The RRC roll-off factor is related to the frequency domain signal (such as S k) The roll-off factor for each additional bandwidth increase is the same. For the curve labeled "QPSK, β = 0.2," the DFT input contains 600 QPSK symbols (720 divided by 1.2, where 1.2 equals 1 + β), and the DFT output is a frequency-domain signal containing 600 data points. Following the bandwidth expansion method shown in Figure 12, a frequency-domain signal containing 720 data points is obtained. The roll-off factor for the increased bandwidth of the frequency-domain signal is 120 / 600 = 0.2. As can be seen, bandwidth expansion and FDSS can reduce PAPR.

[0182] 11. Bandwidth Scaling Factor

[0183] because The frequency domain signal corresponding to the symbol sequence has redundancy. By removing the redundant part, the complete signal can still be restored. Frequency domain signals can improve spectrum efficiency without loss of transmission performance. The process of removing redundant parts can be understood as bandwidth compression. Single carrier modulation will have bandwidth compression, which is not present in QAM / PSK symbols such as QPSK.

[0184] Formula (13) defines the bandwidth scale factor (BSF), which includes both bandwidth expansion and bandwidth compression.

[0185] The adjusted bandwidth can be understood as the bandwidth after the bandwidth expansion operation or the bandwidth compression operation. The number of subcarriers corresponding to the adjusted bandwidth is equal to the bandwidth divided by the subcarrier spacing.

[0186] Assume that Modulation, the number of symbols in the time domain sequence in formula (13) can be understood as The number of symbols in the symbol sequence. Modulation maps a 1 bit into a symbol, The number of symbols in the symbol sequence is the same as the length of the bit sequence. Modulation, the number of symbols in the time domain sequence in the denominator of formula (13) can also be replaced by the bit sequence length.

[0187] Optionally, when the bandwidth after adjustment is equal to the allocated bandwidth, or when the bandwidth after adjustment is equal to the transmission bandwidth, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the bandwidth after adjustment in the numerator of formula (13) can be understood as the number of subcarriers corresponding to the allocated bandwidth, or the number of subcarriers corresponding to the transmission bandwidth.

[0188] The ratio in formula (13) can also be defined directly based on bandwidth. For example, the numerator is the adjusted bandwidth, and the denominator is the bandwidth occupied by the spectrum of the time-domain sequence. Alternatively, the numerator can be the allocated bandwidth, the transmission bandwidth, or the scheduling bandwidth.

[0189] When there is no bandwidth adjustment (including expansion and compression), the number of symbols in the time domain sequence is the same as the number of subcarriers corresponding to the bandwidth, and the bandwidth scaling factor is 0. If the bandwidth is expanded, the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0; if the bandwidth is compressed, the bandwidth scaling factor is less than 0. Combined with the above content, if the DFT is performed before The symbol sequence is phase rotated as shown in formula (10), and the bandwidth scaling factor can be as small as -0.5. The specific calculation process is as follows: If the DFT is performed before The symbol sequence undergoes a phase rotation as shown in formula (10), then The frequency domain signal contains M / 2 redundant data. Bandwidth compression can remove this M / 2 redundant data. Only M / 2 data remain to be transmitted, occupying M / 2 subcarriers (one subcarrier carries one data item). This means that the number of subcarriers corresponding to the adjusted bandwidth is M / 2. Combining formula (13), the bandwidth scaling factor is (M / 2) / M-1 = -0.5.

[0190] As shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 also shows 16 and 17, the PAPR of the NRPSS and SSS signals. It can be seen that the PAPR of the PSS signal is comparable to that of a QPSKDFT-s-OFDM signal, while the PAPR of the SSS signal is higher than that of a QPSKDFT-s-OFDM signal, but comparable to the PAPR of the PBCH signal (which uses OFDM modulation and subcarriers carrying QPSK symbols). Therefore, SSB based on OFDM design has a high PAPR. High PAPR can cause many PA problems. For example, if the signal peak power is not set correctly, the signal can enter the nonlinear operating region of the power amplifier (PA), resulting in signal and spectrum spreading or spectrum regrowth. Spectral regrowth causes mutual interference between subcarriers, leading to increased bit error rate. To avoid or alleviate these problems, PA input or output power backoff is generally implemented in practical applications. However, for SSB, implementing input or output power backoff on the PA can reduce cell coverage. As can be seen from Figure 1, the DFT-s-OFDM signal has a lower PAPR than the OFDM signal. This is because the DFT-s-OFDM modulated signal undergoes DFT processing compared to the OFDM modulated signal, which makes the DFT-s-OFDM signal have the characteristics of a single carrier, and the PAPR of a single carrier signal is generally lower than the PAPR of a multi-carrier signal represented by OFDM. In order to make SSB have a low PAPR, achieve high-power SSB transmission, and improve cell coverage, the next generation communication system may change some signals in SSB, such as PBCH signals, to single-carrier modulation. In order to solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application propose the following solutions.

[0191] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the communication system shown in FIG2 .

[0192] Please refer to FIG14, which is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0193] S1401: The network device determines a first frequency domain resource position of a PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of an SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of a PBCH signal.

[0194] The first frequency domain resource location (frequency resource location), the second frequency domain resource location, and the third frequency domain resource location may include the following three situations:

[0195] Case 1: The first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, which can also be understood as the PSS, SSS, and PBCH signals occupying the same frequency domain resources, or in other words, the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS, the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS, and the third bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same. Among them, the frequency domain resources of the PSS can be understood as the frequency domain resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource position, the frequency domain resources of the SSS can be understood as the frequency domain resources corresponding to the second frequency domain resource position, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal can be understood as the frequency domain resources corresponding to the third frequency domain resource position.

[0196] Optionally, in case one, in the frequency domain, there are guard bands on both sides of the PSS, and the subcarriers in the guard bands do not carry data, or the data carried by the subcarriers in the guard bands is 0. For example, the left guard band and the right guard band each occupy one RB, or the left guard band occupies one RB, and the right guard band occupies half a RB. The guard band can prevent the PSS from being interfered with by other signals, thereby improving the probability of correct detection of the physical layer cell identity. Optionally, the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS and the guard band occupy a total of an integer number of RBs. Please refer to Figure 15, which is a schematic diagram of case one provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the vertical axis represents the frequency domain and the horizontal axis is the symbol index. A smaller symbol index indicates that the symbol is earlier in time. In conjunction with Figure 15, it can be seen that the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position are the same. Please refer to (a) in Figure 15. The SSB contains three symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, SSS, and PBCH, that is, PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, (a) in Figure 15 is only an example. Please refer to (b) in Figure 15. The SSB contains three symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, PBCH, and SSS, that is. The difference from (a) in Figure 15 is that in this case, SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to (c) in Figure 15. The SSB contains four symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, SSS, and PBCH, that is, PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped to the third and fourth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, refer to (d) in Figure 15. The SSB contains four symbols, which are PSS, PBCH, SSS, and PBCH in the time domain. The difference from (c) in Figure 15 is that in this case, the SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the second and fourth symbols of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods, and there may be other sorting situations, which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0197] Case 2: The second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS. The second frequency domain resource position and the third frequency domain resource position being the same can be understood as the SSS and PBCH signals occupying the same frequency domain resources, or in other words, the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS is the same as the third bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal. The frequency domain resources of the SSS including the frequency domain resources of the PSS can be understood as the frequency domain resources of the PSS being a part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS, or in other words, the frequency domain resources of the PSS are a subset of the frequency domain resources of the SSS, or in other words, there is an overlapping part between the frequency domain resources of the SSS and the frequency domain resources of the PSS, and the overlapping part is the frequency domain resources of the PSS.

[0198] Please refer to Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram of a second situation provided by an embodiment of the present application. The vertical axis represents the frequency domain and the horizontal axis is the symbol index. A smaller symbol index indicates that the symbol is earlier in time. In conjunction with Figure 16, it can be seen that the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS. Please refer to (a) in Figure 16. The SSB contains three symbols, which are PSS, SSS, and PBCH in the time domain, that is, the PSS is mapped on the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, (a) in Figure 16 is only an example. Please refer to (b) in Figure 16. The SSB contains three symbols, which are PSS, PBCH, and SSS in the time domain. The difference from (a) in Figure 16 is that the PBCH is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB and the SSS is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to (c) in Figure 16. The SSB contains four symbols, which are PSS, SSS and PBCH in the time domain, that is, PSS is mapped on the first symbol of the SSB, SSS is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped on the third and fourth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to (d) in Figure 16. The SSB contains four symbols, which are PSS, PBCH, SSS and PBCH in the time domain. The difference from (c) in Figure 16 is that at this time, PBCH is mapped on the second and fourth symbols of the SSB, and SSS is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods, and there may be other sorting situations, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0199] Case three: The first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS. The PSS and SSS occupy the same frequency domain resources, or in other words, the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS is the same as the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS. The frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal including the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS can be understood as the frequency domain resources of the PSS or SSS being part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal, or in other words, the frequency domain resources of the PSS or SSS are a subset of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal, or in other words, there is an overlapping part between the frequency domain resources of the PSS or SSS and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal, and the overlapping part is the frequency domain resources of the PSS or SSS.

[0200] Please refer to Figure 17, which is a schematic diagram of a third situation provided by an embodiment of the present application. The vertical axis represents the frequency domain and the horizontal axis is the symbol index. A smaller symbol index indicates that the symbol is earlier in time. In conjunction with Figure 17, it can be seen that the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS. Please refer to (a) in Figure 17. The SSB contains three symbols, which are PSS, SSS, and PBCH in the time domain, that is, the PSS is mapped on the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, (a) in Figure 17 is only an example. Please refer to (b) in Figure 17. The SSB contains three symbols, which are PSS, PBCH, and SSS in the time domain. The difference from (a) in Figure 17 is that at this time, the PBCH is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB, and the SSS is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to (c) in Figure 17. The SSB contains four symbols, which are PSS, SSS and PBCH in the time domain, that is, PSS is mapped on the first symbol of the SSB, SSS is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped on the third and fourth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to (d) in Figure 17. The SSB contains four symbols, which are PSS, PBCH, SSS and PBCH in the time domain. The difference from (c) in Figure 17 is that at this time, PBCH is mapped on the second and fourth symbols of the SSB, and SSS is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods, and there may be other sorting situations, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0201] Optionally, in case one, case two and case three, the time domain resources occupied by the PSS, the time domain resources occupied by the SSS, and the time domain resources occupied by the PBCH signal are different. For example, the PSS occupies symbol 1 in the time domain, the SSS occupies symbol 2 in the time domain, and the PBCH signal occupies symbol 3 in the time domain.

[0202] S1402: The network device performs single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position to obtain a PBCH signal.

[0203] The single-carrier modulation includes performing the same FDSS processing on the common portion of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal. Performing the same FDSS processing on the common portion of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal can be understood as multiplying the frequency domain data points corresponding to the common portion of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient. In other words, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common portion of the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position are the same, or in other words, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common portion of the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS, the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS, and the third bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same, or in other words, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common portion of the frequency domain resources of the PSS, the frequency domain resources of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same. Optionally, the common part can also be understood as the same part, for example, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the same parts of the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position are the same.

[0204] Optionally, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common parts of the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position being the same may include the following three aspects:

[0205] First aspect: when the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position and the third frequency domain resource position are case 1, the first FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PSS, the second FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS and the third FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PBCH signal are the same.

[0206] The second aspect: When the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position and the third frequency domain resource position are case two, the second FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS is the same as the third FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PBCH signal, and the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS and the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same.

[0207] The third aspect: When the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position and the third frequency domain resource position are case three, the first FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PSS is the same as the second FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS, and the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the common part of the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal is the same.

[0208] In a possible implementation, optionally, in case one and case two, there is no PBCH DMRS, that is, there is no PBCH DMRS in the SSB.

[0209] In another possible implementation, optionally, in case three, that is, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the frequency domain resources of the SSS, and when there is PBCH DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH DMRS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal, the third frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes the PBCH DMRS.

[0210] The PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, which can be understood as being mapped to a symbol of the SSB. In one example, see Figure 18, which is a schematic diagram of a PBCH DMRS provided in an embodiment of the present application. The vertical axis represents the frequency domain, and the horizontal axis represents the symbol index. A smaller symbol index indicates an earlier symbol in time.

[0211] Please refer to (a) in Figure 18. The SSB contains 4 symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, SSS, DMRS, and PBCH, that is, PSS is mapped on the first symbol of the SSB, SSS is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB, DMRS is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped on the fourth symbol of the SSB. Optionally, (a) in Figure 18 is only used as an example. Please refer to (b) in Figure 18. The SSB contains 4 symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, SSS, PBCH, and DMRS, respectively. The difference from (a) in Figure 18 is that in this case, PBCH is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB, and DRMS ​​is mapped on the fourth symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to (c) in Figure 18. The SSB contains 5 symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, SSS, DMRS and two PBCHs, that is, PSS is mapped on the first symbol of the SSB, SSS is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB, DMRS is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped on the fourth and fifth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to (d) in Figure 18. The SSB contains 5 symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, DMRS, SSS and PBCH, which is different from (c) in Figure 18 in that the DMRS is mapped on the second symbol of the SSB and the SSS is mapped on the third symbol of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods. Of course, there may be other possible sorting methods, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0212] The bandwidth occupied by the PBCH DMRS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal. In this way, it is possible to obtain channel responses at all frequency points within the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal based on the DMRS for PBCH signal demodulation.

[0213] PBCH DMRS can be mapped continuously in the frequency domain. Alternatively, it can be mapped distributedly in the frequency domain with an interval of L, i.e., one DMRS symbol is placed every L subcarriers. Distributed mapping is more resistant to inter-subcarrier interference than continuous mapping.

[0214] In one example, assuming L is 3, 4 DMRS symbols can be placed in one RB. Assuming that the sequence numbers of the 12 subcarriers in one RB are 0 to 11, the subcarriers carrying DMRS symbols in one RB can be subcarriers 0, 3, 6, 9 or 1, 4, 7, 10 or 2, 5, 8, 11. Although the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH DMRS is the same as that occupied by the PBCH signal, only some subcarriers in an RB carry DMRS symbols (the subcarriers carrying DMRS are called the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS). Therefore, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS. The fact that the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same can be understood as performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS, for example, multiplying the frequency domain data corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS by the same FDSS coefficient.

[0215] The starting position (denoted as ρ) of the first DMRS in an RB may be related to the PCI, as specifically shown in formula (14).

[0216] Optionally, L has the same value as the aforementioned "interval L". Setting different ρs for co-frequency adjacent cells helps reduce pilot interference.

[0217] Optionally, DMRS symbols can carry SSB index information. For example, if DMRS is generated based on a gold sequence, the initial value of the gold sequence can carry the SSB index information. In another example, if DMRS is generated based on a ZC sequence, the cyclic shift of the ZC sequence can carry the SSB index information.

[0218] In addition, when distributed mapping is adopted, the energy per resource element (EPRE) of PBCH DMRS is L times the EPRE of PBCH data.

[0219] When the PBCH signal includes a PBCH DMRS, that is, when the PBCH DMRS does not occupy a separate symbol in the time domain, that is, in case three, the PBCH data and the PBCH DMRS are in the same symbol, that is, the PBCH data and the PBCH DMRS jointly occupy a PBCH symbol. In one example, when the SSB contains 3 symbols, that is, in the cases of (a) in Figure 17 and (b) in Figure 17, please refer to Figure 19, which is a schematic diagram of PBCH data and PBCH DMRS jointly occupying a PBCH symbol provided by an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to (a) in Figure 19. The PBCH DMRS is located before the PBCH data, the PBCH DMRS has its own CP, the PBCH also has its own CP, and there is a guard period (GP) between the PBCH data and the PBCH DMRS. Optionally, (a) in Figure 19 is only used as an example. For example, please refer to (b) in Figure 19. The PBCH DMRS can also be located after the PBCH data, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that to generate the PBCH symbols shown in Figure 19, the PBCH DMRS and the data symbols carried by the PBCH can be multiplexed in a before DFT (pre-DFT) manner, that is, part of the DFT input is the PBCH DMRS and part is the data symbols carried by the PBCH.

[0220] In another example, when the SSB contains four symbols, such as in (c) and (d) of Figure 17 , the first PBCH carries PBCH data and PBCH DMRS, while the second PBCH carries only PBCH data; alternatively, the first PBCH carries only PBCH data, while the second PBCH carries PBCH data and PBCH DMRS. For example, in (c) of Figure 17 , the SSB contains four symbols, namely, the PSS, SSS, and two PBCHs, where the PSS occupies symbol 1 in the time domain, the SSS occupies symbol 2 in the time domain, and the two PBCHs occupy symbols 3 and 4. Optionally, the PBCH occupying symbol 3 carries PBCH data and PBCH DMRS, while the PBCH occupying symbol 4 carries only PBCH data. Optionally, the channel estimation results obtained from the PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS can be jointly processed (e.g., interpolated and / or extrapolated in the time direction) to obtain a more accurate estimate of the channel traversed by the PBCH data, thereby improving PBCH data demodulation performance.

[0221] In the above method, because the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS / SSS is smaller than the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal, channel estimates cannot be obtained for all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal based on the PSS / SSS, which impairs the demodulation performance of the PBCH signal. To obtain channel estimates for all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and ensure PBCH signal demodulation performance, some additional time-frequency resources can be used to transmit the PBCH DMRS. The PBCH signal can include the PBCH DMRS, that is, the PBCH signal carries the PBCH DMRS in addition to data symbols. The PBCH DMRS and the data symbols carried by the PBCH are multiplexed in a before-DFT (pre-DFT) manner, that is, part of the DFT input is the PBCH DMRS and part is the data symbols carried by the PBCH. The PBCH DMRS can also occupy a single symbol in the time domain, and the bandwidth of the PBCH DMRS is the same as the PBCH signal bandwidth. PBCH DMRS may be distributed in the frequency domain, meaning that some frequencies within the bandwidth are used to place PBCH DMRS (these used frequencies are called PBCH DMRS frequency domain resources), while the remaining frequencies are left vacant. In this case, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS. In addition, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common portion of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS frequency domain resources are the same, ensuring that the channel estimate obtained from the received PBCH DMRS can be used for PBCH signal demodulation.

[0222] In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes: the network device determining a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0223] Optionally, the network device may send a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor to the terminal device.

[0224] Optionally, the bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth and the number of symbols carried, that is, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0225] The bandwidth scaling factor can include bandwidth expansion and bandwidth compression. The specific definitions are as follows:

[0226] The adjusted bandwidth can be understood as the bandwidth after the bandwidth expansion or compression operation. The number of subcarriers corresponding to the adjusted bandwidth is equal to the bandwidth divided by the subcarrier spacing. For details, please refer to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0227] In the above method, bandwidth expansion or bandwidth compression is performed through the bandwidth scaling factor. The bandwidth scaling factor determines the efficiency of bandwidth resource utilization or spectrum efficiency. The cost of bandwidth expansion is reduced spectrum efficiency, but the signal can achieve a lower PAPR, achieve high-power transmission, and greatly improve the cell coverage. Bandwidth compression improves spectrum efficiency, but the signal may be worse in terms of PAPR compared to no compression. In practical applications, the selection of bandwidth expansion or compression and the specific value of the bandwidth scaling factor are determined according to the SSB PAPR requirements. If the current SSB PAPR has met the requirements and a certain degree of bandwidth compression will not cause a significant deterioration of PAPR, bandwidth compression operations may be performed at this time to improve spectrum efficiency. In addition, it should be understood that under a given bandwidth scaling factor, different bandwidth expansion or bandwidth compression methods will also affect the signal PAPR.

[0228] In another possible implementation, symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK or π / 2-BPSK.

[0229] Optionally, referring to FIG. 12 , the network device performing single-carrier modulation may include modulating the carried symbols to obtain modulation symbols, performing DFT on the modulation symbols to obtain frequency domain signal 1, bandwidth-adjusting frequency domain signal 1 to obtain frequency domain signal 2, performing FDSS processing on frequency domain signal 2, performing subcarrier mapping, IDFT, adding CP, and other processes. In one example, the network device performing single-carrier modulation includes using QPSK modulation on the symbols carried by the network device's PBCH, performing DFT on the modulation symbols to obtain frequency domain signal 1, bandwidth-expanding frequency domain signal 1 to obtain frequency domain signal 2, performing FDSS processing on frequency domain signal 2, performing subcarrier mapping, IDFT, adding CP, and other processes. In another possible example, the network device performing single-carrier modulation includes using π / 2-BPSK modulation on the symbols carried by the network device's PBCH, performing DFT on the modulation symbols to obtain frequency domain signal 1, bandwidth-compressing frequency domain signal 1 to obtain frequency domain signal 2, performing FDSS processing on frequency domain signal 2, performing subcarrier mapping, IDFT, adding CP, and other processes. The description of bandwidth compression caused by adopting π / 2-BPSK modulation can be referred to above and will not be repeated here.

[0230] Optionally, the network device may modulate the symbols carried by the PBCH using QPSK or π / 2-BPSK modulation before performing the same FDSS processing on the common portion of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal. For the relevant description of QPSK modulation and π / 2-BPSK modulation, please refer to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0231] When the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor, SSS bandwidth scaling factor, and PBCH bandwidth scaling factor may have the following relationship:

[0232] The first relationship: the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor;

[0233] The second relationship: the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor;

[0234] The third relationship: the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0235] Optionally, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor may be the same as or different from the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0236] When the first relationship exists, the design and implementation are simple. Optionally, the network device indicates a scaling factor to the terminal device, where the scaling factor is a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0237] When the second relationship exists, the design flexibility of PSS and SSS is increased while satisfying the requirement that the PAPR of PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR requirement of the PBCH signal. In one example, PSS / SSS is modulated by OFDM, and the frequency domain signal is a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence. The PAPR of PSS / SSS obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with an extended bandwidth and then performing FDSS processing" (this method is referred to as the "former" in this paragraph) is lower than that obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with an unextended bandwidth, cyclically extending it, and then performing FDSS processing" (this method is referred to as the "latter" in this paragraph). For example, the unextended bandwidth corresponds to 60RE, and the roll-off factor is 0.2. It should be noted that the bandwidth scaling factor can include both bandwidth expansion and bandwidth compression, and the bandwidth expansion can be described by the roll-off factor. Therefore, in this application, unless otherwise specified, the roll-off factor can be understood as the bandwidth scaling factor, and the extended bandwidth corresponds to 72RE. Among them, the PSS / SSS bandwidth scaling factor of the former is 0, and the PSS / SSS bandwidth scaling factor of the latter is 0.2. The PSS / SSS bandwidth scaling factor of the latter is equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor. Therefore, the PSS / SSS bandwidth scaling factor of the former is smaller than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor. The former directly generates a length of n ZC =72 ZC sequence, and then FDSS processing. The latter first grows to n ZC =60 ZC sequence (assuming it is x s (n), n=0,1,…,59), and then the loop is extended to length 72, assuming it is recorded as r s (m), m=0,1,…,71, where r s (m) = x s (m mod n ZC )Formula (15)

[0238] Finally, FDSS processing is performed. Assuming the ZC sequence root index is u = 1, FDSS is RRC with a roll-off of 0.2 and 72 coefficients. See Figure 20, which shows the PAPR of the PSS / SSS under the two designs provided in the embodiments of this application. It can be seen that the PAPR of the PSS / SSS obtained by "generating the ZC sequence with the expanded bandwidth and then performing FDSS processing" is lower than that obtained by "generating the ZC sequence with the unexpanded bandwidth, cyclically extending it, and then performing FDSS processing."

[0239] When the third relationship exists, the design flexibility of PSS and SSS is increased while satisfying the requirement that the PAPR of PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR of PBCH signal. In one example, PSS / SSS adopts OFDM modulation, and the frequency domain signal is ZC sequence. The PAPR of PSS / SSS obtained by "generating ZC sequence with a bandwidth smaller than that of the unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing" is lower than that of "generating ZC sequence with the unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing". For example, the unextended bandwidth corresponds to 60RE, and the roll-off factor is 0.2, then the extended bandwidth corresponds to 72RE. For example, the former generates a length of n ZC =53 (corresponding to a bandwidth scaling factor of 0.358) or 47 (corresponding to a bandwidth scaling factor of 0.532) ZC sequence, followed by cyclic extension and FDSS processing. ZC =60 ZC sequence, followed by cyclic extension and FDSS processing. The former PSS / SSS bandwidth scaling factor (for example, 0.358 or 0.532) is greater than the latter PSS / SSS bandwidth scaling factor (equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor). Assuming that the ZC sequence root index is u=7, FDSS is an RRC with a roll-off of 0.2 and has 72 coefficients, please refer to Figure 21, which is the PAPR of PSS / SSS under two more designs provided in the embodiments of the present application. It can be seen that the PAPR of PSS / SSS obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with a bandwidth smaller than that of the unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing" is lower than that obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with an unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing".

[0240] In the above method, when the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, this design approach is simple and only requires setting a bandwidth scaling factor value. By adopting these two design approaches, where the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, or where the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, the PSS / SSS signal design can be more flexible, for example, the PSS / SSS can adopt OFDM modulation, under the constraint that the PAPR of the PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal.

[0241] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the symbols carried by the PSS and / or the symbols carried by the SSS are modulated using π / 2-BPSK single carrier. Optionally, in this case, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, and the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor. The detailed description of the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position being the same, as well as the detailed description of the bandwidth scaling factor can be referred to above and will not be repeated here.

[0242] S1403: The network device outputs a PBCH signal.

[0243] Optionally, the network device can also output the PSS and / or SSS. Optionally, the PAPR of the PSS / SSS is no higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal. Because the PBCH signal uses single-carrier modulation, it has a low PAPR. Combined with this PAPR constraint on the PSS / SSS, low-PAPR SSBs can be guaranteed, enabling high-power SSB transmission and increasing cell coverage.

[0244] Optionally, before the network device outputs the PBCH signal, the network device may also perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, the symbols carried by the PSS, or the symbols carried by the SSS, as follows: the symbols carried by the PBCH are multiplied by the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; The symbol carried by PSS is multiplied by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PPS ; or the symbol carried by the SSS is multiplied by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

[0245] Optionally, the amplitude scaling may be a power adjustment, for example, including power boost or power reduction. The amplitude scaling factor may also be referred to as a power adjustment factor, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In this way, the power of PSS, SSS, and PBCH signals can be optimized under the maximum transmit power and cell coverage requirements, which is beneficial to improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0246] Optionally, the network device may send an indication message to the terminal device, where the indication message is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; Or, the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCHThe ratio relationship between the three, or the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH In one example, the indication information is used to indicate the ratio of the SSS amplitude scaling factor to the PSS amplitude scaling factor, and the ratio of the PBCH amplitude scaling factor to the SSS amplitude scaling factor. For example, the ratio of the SSS amplitude scaling factor to the PSS amplitude scaling factor Ratio of PBCH amplitude scaling factor to SSS amplitude scaling factor In this way, the PSS can be used as the DMRS for the SSS / PBCH, and the SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH signal. Accordingly, the channel estimate obtained by the terminal device from the PSS can be used for SSS / PBCH demodulation, or the channel estimate obtained by the terminal device from the SSS can be used for PBCH demodulation. Optionally, some time-frequency resources can be eliminated to transmit dedicated PBCH DMRS, reducing overhead. Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used to carry more information in the PBCH signal.

[0247] In one example, assuming that the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, and the same FDSS processing is performed on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, the channels experienced by the PSS, SSS, and PBCH are the same, that is, the channel frequency response (CFR) is approximately the same. During the demodulation process of the PSS, SSS, and PBCH by the terminal device, the equivalent channel response obtained based on the PSS is: p PSS ·CFR·FDSS, the equivalent channel response based on SSS is p PSS CFR FDSS: During the channel estimation process, the terminal device needs to determine the ratio of the SSS amplitude scaling factor to the PSS amplitude scaling factor in order to use the PSS as the DMRS of the SSS. To use SSS as DMRS for PBCH, it is necessary to determine the ratio of the PBCH amplitude scaling factor to the SSS amplitude scaling factor.

[0248] S1404: The terminal device receives SSB.

[0249] Among them, SSB includes PSS, SSS and PBCH signals.

[0250] S1405: The terminal device determines a first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

[0251] Among them, the PBCH signal is obtained by single-carrier modulation of the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position. The single-carrier modulation includes performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal. For details, please refer to the above steps and will not be repeated here.

[0252] Among them, after the terminal device receives the SSB, it demodulates the SSB. Taking PBCH demodulation as an example, please refer to Figure 22. Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of a PBCH demodulation process provided in an embodiment of the present application. The demodulation process includes removing CP, DFT, de-subcarrier mapping, equalization, and IDFT. Optionally, if there is no dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB, channel estimation based on PSS / SSS is required for PBCH demodulation. Optionally, if there is a dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB, and it is a single symbol, channel estimation based on PBCH DMRS is required for PBCH demodulation. Optionally, if there is a dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB, and it shares a PBCH symbol with the PBCH data, channel estimation based on PBCH DMRS is required first, and then PBCH data demodulation is performed. Optionally, if there is a dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB, the channel estimation results obtained from the PSS / SSS and PBCH DMRS can be combined to enhance the PBCH channel estimation performance based on algorithms (such as interpolation and / or extrapolation in the time direction) to improve the PBCH demodulation performance.

[0253] Optionally, the terminal device may perform channel estimation, for example, by estimating a CFR or an equivalent channel response, specifically in the following ways:

[0254] Method 1: When the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position are the above-mentioned case 1, the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PSS, the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS, and the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PBCH signal are the same, and there is no PBCH DMRS in the SSB, the terminal device can use the PSS as the DMRS for the SSS / PBCH signal and the SSS as the DMRS for the PBCH signal. Because the CFR or equivalent channel response (equal to the CFR dot multiplied by the FDSS coefficient) experienced by the PSS, SSS, and PBCH can be considered to be approximately the same, the CFR estimate or equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the PSS can be used for SSS / PBCH signal demodulation. Optionally, the CFR estimate or equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the PSS can be used for equalization of the SSS or PBCH signal. Through the above method, the PSS can be used as the DMRS for the SSS / PBCH signal and the SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH signal. Optionally, the DMRS overhead saved due to the absence of the PBCH DMRS in the SSB can be used to carry more information on the PBCH.

[0255] Method 2: When the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position are the above-mentioned case 2, the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS is the same as the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PBCH signal, and the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS and the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same, there is no PBCH DMRS in the SSB, and the terminal device can use the PSS as the DMRS of the SSS, and the channel estimation of the SSS needs to be extrapolated / interpolated in the frequency direction. The SSS is used as the DMRS of the PBCH. Optionally, the CFR estimate or equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the PSS can be used for the demodulation of the SSS, and the CFR estimate or equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the SSS can be used for the demodulation of the PBCH signal.

[0256] Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0. When the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the PSS, SSS and PBCH channels are equal. The reason why PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS is because the CFR estimate of the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of PSS and the second frequency domain resource position of SSS can be considered to be approximately the same. The channel estimation of SSS requires extrapolation / interpolation in the frequency direction because only the CFR estimate corresponding to the first frequency domain resource position of PSS can be obtained through PSS, but the frequency domain resources of SSS include the frequency domain resources of PSS, that is, the SSS bandwidth is larger than the PSS bandwidth, so the CFR within a part of the SSS bandwidth can be obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the CFR within the bandwidth of PSS. The reason why SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH is because the CFR experienced by SSS and PBCH can be considered to be approximately the same.

[0257] Assuming that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0, the reason why PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS is because the equivalent channel response (equal to the CFR dot multiplied by the FDSS coefficient) of the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of PSS and the second frequency domain resource position of SSS can be considered to be approximately the same. The channel estimation of SSS requires extrapolation / interpolation in the frequency direction because only the estimate of the equivalent channel response corresponding to the first frequency domain resource position of PSS can be obtained through PSS, but the frequency domain resources of SSS include the frequency domain resources of PSS, that is, the SSS bandwidth is greater than the bandwidth of PSS, so the CFR within a part of the bandwidth of SSS can be obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the equivalent channel response within the bandwidth of PSS. The reason why SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH is because the equivalent channel responses experienced by SSS and PBCH can be considered to be approximately the same.

[0258] In one example, please refer to Figure 23, which is a schematic diagram of the CFR of the PSS in case 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Assuming that the symbols carried by the PBCH adopt QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0, it can be seen from Figure 23 that the wavy line within the PSS represents the CFR estimate corresponding to the PSS, and the wavy line outside the PSS represents the CFR estimate within the partial bandwidth of the SSS. The CFR estimate within the partial bandwidth of the SSS is obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the CFR within the bandwidth of the PSS.

[0259] In one example, see Figure 24, which is a schematic diagram of the FDSS of the PSS in case 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Assuming that the symbols carried by the PBCH use QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is 0, it can be seen from Figure 24 that the solid line in the figure represents the FDSS. The equivalent channel response estimate within the partial bandwidth of the SSS / PBCH is obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the equivalent channel response estimate within the bandwidth of the PSS.

[0260] In the second method, the PSS can be used as the DMRS for the SSS signal and the SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH signal. Optionally, the DMRS overhead saved due to the absence of PBCH DMRS in the SSB can be used to carry more information on the PBCH.

[0261] Method three: When the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position and the third frequency domain resource position are the above-mentioned case three, the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PSS is the same as the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS, and the FDSS coefficient corresponding to the common part of the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal is the same, the terminal device can use the PSS as the DMRS of the SSS. The PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS of the PBCH signal, and the PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction. Optionally, the CFR estimate or equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the PSS / SSS can be used for the equalization of the PBCH signal.

[0262] Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0. When the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to PSS, SSS and PBCH channels are equal. The reason why PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS is that the CFR experienced by PSS and SSS can be considered to be the same. The PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction because only the CFR estimate of the first frequency domain resource position of PSS / the second frequency domain resource position of SSS can be obtained through PSS / SSS, or in other words, only the CFR estimate within the bandwidth of PSS / SSS can be obtained, but the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal are larger than the frequency domain resources of PSS / SSS, so the CFR within part of the bandwidth of the PBCH signal can only be obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the CFR within the bandwidth of PSS / SSS.

[0263] Assuming that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0, the reason why PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS is because the estimates of the equivalent channel response (equal to the CFR point multiplied by the FDSS coefficient) experienced by PSS and SSS can be considered to be the same. The PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction because only the estimate of the equivalent channel response of the first frequency domain resource position of PSS / the second frequency domain resource position of SSS can be obtained through PSS / SSS, or in other words, only the estimate of the equivalent channel response within the bandwidth of PSS / SSS can be obtained, but the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal are larger than the frequency domain resources of PSS / SSS, so the equivalent channel response estimate within part of the bandwidth of the PBCH signal can only be obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the equivalent channel response estimate within the bandwidth of PSS / SSS.

[0264] It should be noted that when the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position and the third frequency domain resource position are the above-mentioned case three, the PBCH channel estimation extrapolation may deteriorate the PBCH demodulation performance, so there can be a separate DMRS symbol in the SSB, and the separate DMRS symbol is used for PBCH channel estimation. The specific design method can refer to Figure 18, and the relevant detailed description can refer to the above description. In other words, when the PBCHDMRS does not occupy a separate symbol in the time domain, the PBCH data and the PBCH DMRS are in the same symbol, specifically refer to Figure 19, and the relevant detailed description can refer to the above description. Optionally, the terminal device can obtain a CFR estimate or an equivalent channel response estimate for the PBCH signal based on the CFR estimate determined by the PSS / SSS and the CFR estimate or equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the DMRS.

[0265] In one example, see Figure 25, which is a schematic diagram of the CFR of the PSS in case three of an embodiment of the present application. Assuming that the symbols carried by the PBCH use QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is 0, it can be seen from the figure that the wavy line within the PSS represents the CFR corresponding to the PSS, and the PSS can be used as the DMRS for the SSS. The PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH, and the PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction.

[0266] In one example, see Figure 26, which is a schematic diagram of the FDSS of the PSS in case three of an embodiment of the present application. Assuming that the symbols carried by the PBCH use QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0, as shown in Figure 26, the solid line in the figure represents the FDSS, and the PSS can be used as the DMRS for the SSS. The PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH, and the PBCH channel estimate is extrapolated in the frequency direction.

[0267] In the method described in Figure 14, by introducing FDSS processing in single-carrier modulation, the PAPR of the PBCH signal can be further reduced. In addition, by performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the frequency domain resources occupied by PSS, PBCH, and SSS, the PSS can be used as the demodulation reference signal DMRS of SSS / PBCH or the PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH. Optionally, some time-frequency resources may not be used to transmit dedicated PBCH DMRS at this time, reducing overhead (in 5GNR, the PBCH DMRS overhead is approximately 15%). Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used for PBCH signals to carry more information.

[0268] The above describes in detail the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the following provides an apparatus of the embodiment of the present application.

[0269] Please refer to FIG. 27 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 2700 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 2700 may include a processing unit 2701 and a transceiver unit 2702 . The details of each unit are as follows:

[0270] The processing unit 2701 is used to perform data processing. The transceiver unit 2702 can implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 2702 can also be called a communication interface or a communication module.

[0271] Optionally, the communication device 2700 may further include a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 2701 may read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to implement the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0272] The communication device 2700 can be used to perform the actions performed by the network device in the above method embodiments. The communication device 2700 can be a network device or a component that can be configured in a network device. The processing unit 2701 is used to perform the processing-related operations on the network device side in the above method embodiments. The transceiver unit 2702 is used to perform the communication-related operations on the network device side in the above method embodiments.

[0273] Optionally, the transceiver unit 2702 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit. The sending unit is configured to perform the sending operation in the above method embodiment. The receiving unit is configured to perform the receiving operation in the above method embodiment.

[0274] It should be noted that the communication device 2700 may include a sending unit but not a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication device 2700 may include a receiving unit but not a sending unit. The specific implementation depends on whether the above solution executed by the communication device 2700 includes a sending action and a receiving action.

[0275] Optionally, the communication device 2700 is used to perform the actions performed by the network device in the embodiment shown in Figure 14 above. For details, please refer to the relevant introduction of the embodiment shown in Figure 14 above, which will not be expanded in detail here. For example, the communication device 2700 is used to perform the following scheme:

[0276] The processing unit 2701 is configured to determine a first frequency domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal;

[0277] The processing unit 2701 is further configured to perform single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal, wherein the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping (FDSS) processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal;

[0278] The transceiver unit 2702 is configured to output the PBCH signal.

[0279] In one possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, or the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0280] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS.

[0281] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0282] In another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is used to multiply the frequency domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient.

[0283] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a separate symbol in the time domain, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCHDMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes PBCHDMRS.

[0284] In another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is further configured to determine a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0285] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0286] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0287] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0288] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS are modulated using π / 2-BPSK single carrier modulation.

[0289] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0290] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH signal bandwidth scaling factor.

[0291] In another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is further configured to perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS.

[0292] In another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is configured to multiply the symbol carried by the PBCH by the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH The symbol carried by the PSS is multiplied by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or the symbol carried by the SSS is multiplied by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

[0293] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 2702 is further configured to send indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS And the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; Or, the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

[0294] It should be noted that the implementation and beneficial effects of each module may also correspond to the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown in FIG14 .

[0295] Optionally, the communication device 2700 is used to perform the actions performed by the terminal device in the embodiment shown in Figure 14 above. For details, please refer to the relevant introduction of the embodiment shown in Figure 14 above, which will not be expanded in detail here. For example, the communication device 2700 is used to perform the following scheme:

[0296] The transceiver unit 2702 is configured to receive a synchronization signal block SSB, where the SSB includes a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal;

[0297] The processing unit 2701 is used to determine the first frequency domain resource position of the primary synchronization signal PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the secondary synchronization signal SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by single-carrier modulation of the PBCH-carried symbols based on the third frequency domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

[0298] In one possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, or the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0299] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS.

[0300] In another possible implementation, the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0301] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a separate symbol in the time domain, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCHDMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes PBCHDMRS.

[0302] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0303] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0304] In another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS are modulated using π / 2-BPSK single carrier modulation.

[0305] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0306] In another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0307] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 2702 is further configured to receive indication information from a network device, wherein the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p. PSS , SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; Or, the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

[0308] It should be noted that the implementation and beneficial effects of each module may also correspond to the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown in FIG14 .

[0309] It should be understood that the specific process of each module executing the above corresponding process has been described in detail in the above method embodiment, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0310] The processing unit 2701 in the above embodiment can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuits. The transceiver unit 2702 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuits. The transceiver unit 2702 can also be referred to as a communication module or communication interface. The storage module can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0311] Please refer to Figure 28, which shows a communication device 2800 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 2800 includes at least one processor 2801 and a communication interface 2803, and optionally also includes a memory 2802. The processor 2801, the memory 2802, and the communication interface 2803 are interconnected via a bus 2804. Optionally, the processor 2801 and the memory 2802 may be integrated together.

[0312] Memory 2802 includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM). Memory 2802 is used for storing computer programs and data. Communication interface 2803 is used to receive and send data.

[0313] The processor 2801 may be one or more central processing units (CPUs). When the processor 2801 is a CPU, the CPU may be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.

[0314] The processor 2801 in the communication device 2800 is used to read the computer program or instructions stored in the memory 2802 to implement the functions of the above-mentioned processing unit, and the communication interface 2803 in the communication device 2800 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned transceiver unit.

[0315] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip device, which includes at least one processor, and the at least one processor is used to call a computer program or instruction stored in a memory so that the processor executes the method provided in the embodiment shown in Figure 14 above.

[0316] In a possible implementation, the input of the chip device corresponds to the receiving operation in any one of the embodiments shown in FIG. 14 , and the output of the chip device corresponds to the sending operation in any one of the embodiments shown in FIG. 14 .

[0317] Optionally, the processor is coupled to the memory via an interface.

[0318] Optionally, the chip device further includes a memory, in which computer program instructions are stored.

[0319] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed on a processor, the method executed by the network device or terminal device in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0320] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are executed on a processor, the method performed by the network device or terminal device in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0321] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which includes the network device in the above embodiment and the terminal device in the above embodiment, the network device is used to execute part or all of the operations executed by the network device in the above method embodiment, and the terminal device is used to execute part or all of the operations of the terminal device in the above method embodiment.

[0322] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0323] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, a register, a hard disk, a mobile hard disk, a CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a base station or a terminal. Of course, the processor and the storage medium can also exist in a base station or a terminal as discrete components.

[0324] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions may be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.

[0325] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0326] In the description of this application, words such as "first", "second", "S1401", or "S1402" are only used to distinguish the description and facilitate the context. Different sequence numbers themselves do not have specific technical meanings and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying the order of execution of operations. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0327] In this application, the term "and / or" simply describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this document indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0328] In this application, "transmission" may include the following three situations: sending of data, receiving of data, or sending of data and receiving of data. In this application, "data" may include business data and / or signaling data.

[0329] In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process / method comprising a series of steps, or a system / product / apparatus comprising a series of units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes / methods / products / apparatus.

[0330] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the number of nouns refers to "singular or plural," that is, "one or more." "At least one" means one or more. "Including at least one of the following: A, B, C" means that it may include A, or include B, or include C, or include A and B, or include A and C, or include B and C, or include A, B, and C. A, B, and C can be single or plural.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to network equipment, including: Determine a first frequency domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; The PBCH signal is obtained by performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position, wherein the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal; Output the PBCH signal.

2. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to terminal equipment, including: Receive a synchronization signal block SSB, wherein the SSB includes: a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; Determine the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by single-carrier modulation of the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: The first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or The second frequency domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, or, The first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The frequency domain resources of the SSS include the frequency domain resources of the PSS, including: The frequency domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the SSS.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, including: The frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal includes: The frequency domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are multiplied by the same FDSS coefficient.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: If the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, The PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common parts of the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or The PBCH signal includes a PBCH DMRS.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Determine a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; The SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; The PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that When the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that When the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, The PSS and / or the SSS adopts π / 2-BPSK single carrier modulation.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Amplitude scaling is performed on symbols carried by the PBCH, amplitude scaling is performed on symbols carried by the PSS, or amplitude scaling is performed on symbols carried by the SSS.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The amplitude scaling of the symbol carried by the PBCH, the amplitude scaling of the symbol carried by the PSS, or the amplitude scaling of the symbol carried by the SSS includes: The symbol carried by the PBCH is multiplied by the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; The PSS carries the symbol multiplied by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ;or The SSS-carried symbol is multiplied by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The method further comprises: Sending indication information to the terminal device, wherein the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS And the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ;or, The indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Receive indication information from a network device, the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS And the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ;or, The indication information is used to indicate the p PSS 、The p SSS And the p PBCH The ratio relationship among the three.

19. A communication device, characterized in that: include: Processing unit and transceiver unit, The processing unit is used to determine a first frequency domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; The processing unit is further configured to perform single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal, wherein the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal; The transceiver unit is used to output the PBCH signal.

20. A communication device, characterized in that: include: Processing unit and transceiver unit, The transceiver unit is used to receive a synchronization signal block SSB, wherein the SSB includes: a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; The processing unit is used to determine the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by single-carrier modulation of the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

21. A communication device, characterized in that: The apparatus comprises at least one processor and a communication interface, wherein the at least one processor calls a computer program or instruction stored in a memory to execute the method according to claims 1-18.

22. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system comprises: the device according to claim 19 and the device according to claim 20.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instruction, which, when executed on a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18 is implemented.

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