Optical assembly, optical system, and lidar

Abstract

An optical assembly (200), an optical system (2300), and a lidar (100), which can be applied in the field of lidars. The optical assembly (200) comprises at least one rotationally symmetric aspheric lens (201, 203, 207, 208, 210), and at least one rotationally symmetric spherical lens (202, 204, 209) or non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens (205, 206, 211). The optical assembly (200) is used for shaping a laser beam emitted by a laser (2310). The number of lenses in the optical assembly (200) is less than or equal to three. The number of lenses in the optical assembly (200) is reduced, so that the structural complexity of the optical assembly (200) can be reduced. Moreover, the optical assembly (200) can be conveniently modularized, reducing processing and manufacturing costs and installation costs of the optical assembly (200).

Description

Optical components, optical systems, and lidar Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the optical field of laser radar, and more particularly, to an optical component, an optical system and a laser radar. Background Art

[0002] The transmitting optical system of a lidar is one of its core components. It transmits laser light into the object space to be detected, illuminating the target with laser light of a specific wavelength. The receiving system of the lidar focuses the light reflected from the object onto the detector, completing the target detection. The currently popular semi-solid lidar technology has a complex transmitting optical system, which results in a high cost.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an optical component, an optical system and a laser radar, which help reduce the structural complexity of the optical component in the transmitting optical system, thereby helping to reduce the cost of the laser radar.

[0005] In a first aspect, an optical component is provided, which includes at least one rotationally symmetric aspherical lens, at least one rotationally symmetric spherical lens or a non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens, and the optical component is used to shape a laser beam emitted by a laser; the number of lenses in the optical component is less than or equal to 3.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, by reducing the number of lenses in the optical component, it helps to reduce the structural complexity of the optical component; at the same time, it can facilitate the modularization of the optical component, reduce the processing and manufacturing costs and installation costs of the optical component, thereby helping to reduce the cost of lidar.

[0007] In addition, when the optical component includes at least one non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens, the cylindrical lens can homogenize the light beam, which helps to solve the problem of insufficient or uneven light spot coverage.

[0008] The rotationally symmetrical spherical lens and the rotationally symmetrical aspherical lens described above can be circular lenses. A circular lens can refer to a lens with a circular outer contour, or in other words, the outer contours of a spherical lens and an aspherical lens can be circular. A spherical lens can refer to a lens with a spherical surface geometry, and an aspherical lens can refer to a lens with a non-spherical surface geometry (e.g., parabolic, elliptical, etc.).

[0009] In some possible implementations, the optical component includes at most one non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the optical component can be located in the transmitting optical system of the lidar.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens and a rotationally symmetric spherical lens, the aspherical lens being used to perform a first collimation on the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a first beam; the spherical lens being used to perform a second collimation on the first beam to obtain a second beam.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, since the optical assembly does not include rotationally asymmetric cylindrical lenses, the dimensions required for matching or coupling the transmitting and receiving modules in the LiDAR can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of matching or coupling the transmitting and receiving modules. Furthermore, since the optical assembly only includes two rotationally symmetric circular lenses, the structural complexity of the optical assembly can be further reduced, as can the manufacturing and installation costs of the optical assembly.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the aspheric lens is concave and the back surface is convex, and the refractive index of the aspheric lens is 1.49-1.55 and the Abbe coefficient is 61-67.

[0014] The front surface of the above aspherical lens can be understood as the surface of the aspherical lens close to the laser, and the back surface of the aspherical lens can be understood as the surface of the aspherical lens far from the laser.

[0015] The above Abbe coefficient is used in the optical field to evaluate the dispersion performance of lens materials, and can also be called the dispersion coefficient.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the spherical lens is concave and the back surface is convex, and the refractive index of the spherical lens is 1.75-1.85 and the Abbe coefficient is 43-49.

[0017] The front surface of the above spherical lens can be understood as the surface of the spherical lens close to the laser, and the back surface of the spherical lens can be understood as the surface of the spherical lens far from the laser.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the aspherical lens are:

[0019] In the above, S1 is the front surface of the aspherical lens, and S2 is the back surface of the aspherical lens. Radius is the radius of curvature, and Conic is the conic coefficient. A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 are the aspherical coefficients.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the aspherical lens is (5.67 mm, 9.32 mm).

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the spherical lens are:

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the spherical lens is (3.62 mm, 5.95 mm).

[0023] In the above, S3 is the front surface of the spherical lens and S4 is the back surface of the spherical lens.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the laser is (5.6 mm, 9.2 mm), and the air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the spherical lens is (9.13 mm, 15 mm).

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, by configuring the material parameters and surface parameters of the aspherical and spherical lenses, it is possible to achieve a laser beam shaping effect (e.g., collimation) with a minimum number of rotationally symmetric lenses. At the same time, the beam waist can be positioned away from the surface of the spherical lens, helping to reduce the required diameter of the rotating mirror or window, thereby helping to avoid the cost increase caused by oversizing the rotating mirror or window.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser formed after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the spherical lens in the optical component is greater than or equal to 17 mm and less than or equal to 23 mm.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the rotating mirror or the viewing window can be positioned near the beam waist, thereby avoiding the light clipping problem caused by insufficient size of the rotating mirror or the viewing window.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length of the light-emitting area in the laser is (8.49 mm, 9.83 mm), and the divergence angle of the laser beam emitted by the laser after being shaped by the optical component along the long side direction of the light-emitting area is 20°-25°.

[0029] Based on the above technical solution, a better collimation effect can be achieved by using as few lenses as possible, which helps to improve the collimation efficiency of the optical component.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens, a rotationally symmetric spherical lens, and a non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens. The aspherical lens is used to perform a first collimation on the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a third beam; the spherical lens is used to perform a second collimation on the third beam to obtain a fourth beam; and the cylindrical lens is used to homogenize the fourth beam to obtain a fifth beam.

[0031] Based on this technical solution, aspherical and spherical lenses can be used to collimate the light beam, while cylindrical lenses can be used to homogenize the beam, helping to address the issue of insufficient spot coverage. Since the optical assembly only includes a single, non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens, this helps reduce the structural complexity of the optical assembly and facilitates modularization, reducing both manufacturing and installation costs.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, after being homogenized by the cylindrical lens, two discrete light spots overlap in the vertical direction.

[0033] In some possible implementations, a laser includes two adjacent light-emitting regions with a gap between them. The laser beams emitted simultaneously by the two adjacent light-emitting regions are collimated after passing through an aspherical lens and a spherical lens. The collimated beams then pass through a cylindrical lens, forming overlapping light spots.

[0034] Based on the above technical solution, the light spot formed after the light beam is homogenized by the cylindrical lens has two discrete light spots overlapping in the vertical direction. This can solve the problem of insufficient light spot coverage caused by the gap between two adjacent light-emitting areas in the laser.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the aspheric lens is concave and the back surface is convex, and the refractive index of the aspheric lens is 1.45-1.6 and the Abbe coefficient is 61-67.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the spherical lens is concave and the back surface is convex, and the refractive index of the spherical lens is 1.7-1.9 and the Abbe coefficient is 36-45.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the cylindrical lens is flat and the back surface is concave, and the refractive index of the cylindrical lens is 1.45-1.6 and the Abbe coefficient is 61-67.

[0038] The front surface mentioned above can be understood as the surface close to the laser, and the rear surface can be understood as the surface far away from the laser.

[0039] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the aspherical lens are:

[0040] In the above, S5 is the front surface of the aspherical lens and S6 is the back surface of the aspherical lens.

[0041] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the aspherical lens is (5.67 mm, 9.32 mm).

[0042] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the spherical lens are:

[0043] Above S7 is the front surface of the spherical lens and S8 is the back surface of the spherical lens.

[0044] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the spherical lens is (3.62 mm, 6 mm).

[0045] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the cylindrical lens are:

[0046] S9 represents the front surface of the cylindrical lens, and S10 represents the back surface of the cylindrical lens. Radius Y can be understood as the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens along the Y axis. A radius of curvature along the Y axis of inf indicates that the surface is flat. The laser includes a rectangular light-emitting area, the longitudinal direction of which is the Y axis.

[0047] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the cylindrical lens is (1.4 mm, 2.3 mm).

[0048] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the laser is (5.6 mm, 9.2 mm), the air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the spherical lens is (9.13 mm, 15 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical lens and the center of the spherical lens is (1.4 mm, 2.3 mm).

[0049] Based on the above technical solution, by configuring the material parameters and surface parameters of the aspherical, spherical, and cylindrical lenses, it is possible to achieve laser beam shaping effects (e.g., collimation and homogenization) with a minimum number of lenses. At the same time, the beam waist can be positioned away from the surface of the cylindrical lens, helping to reduce the required aperture of the rotating mirror or window, thereby helping to avoid the cost increase caused by oversizing the rotating mirror or window.

[0050] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser formed after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the cylindrical lens in the optical component is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm.

[0051] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length of the light-emitting area in the laser is (11.4 mm, 13.8 mm), and the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component to form a beam with a divergence angle of 21°-27° along the long side direction of the light-emitting area.

[0052] Based on the above technical solution, a better collimation effect can be achieved by using as few lenses as possible, which helps to improve the collimation efficiency of the optical component.

[0053] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the optical component includes a non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens and a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens, the cylindrical lens being used to perform a first collimation on the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a sixth beam; the aspherical lens being used to perform a second collimation on the sixth beam to obtain a seventh beam.

[0054] Based on the above technical solution, the use of cylindrical and aspherical lenses can achieve beam collimation. Since the optical assembly only includes a single non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens, it helps reduce the structural complexity of the optical assembly. It also facilitates modularization of the optical assembly, reducing the processing, manufacturing, and installation costs of the optical assembly.

[0055] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the cylindrical lens is concave and the back surface is convex, and the refractive index of the cylindrical lens is 1.45-1.51 and the Abbe coefficient is 67-73.

[0056] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface and the back surface of the aspherical lens are convex, and the refractive index of the aspherical lens is 1.76-1.86 and the Abbe coefficient is 38-44.

[0057] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the cylindrical lens are:

[0058] In the above, S11 is the front surface of the cylindrical lens, and S12 is the back surface of the cylindrical lens. Radius X can be understood as the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens in the X-axis direction. The laser includes a rectangular light-emitting area, the short side of which is in the X-axis direction.

[0059] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the cylindrical lens is (1.87 mm, 3.07 mm).

[0060] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the aspherical lens are:

[0061] The above S13 is the front surface of the aspherical lens and S14 is the back surface of the aspherical lens.

[0062] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the aspherical lens is (2.92 mm, 4.79 mm).

[0063] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the air gap between the cylindrical mirror and the center of the laser is (11.3 mm, 18.57 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical mirror and the center of the aspheric mirror is (1.06 mm, 1.74 mm).

[0064] Based on the above technical solution, by configuring the material parameters and surface parameters of the cylindrical and aspherical lenses, it is possible to achieve a laser beam shaping effect (e.g., collimation) with a minimum number of lenses. At the same time, the beam waist can be positioned away from the surface of the aspherical lens, helping to reduce the required diameter of the rotating mirror or window, thereby helping to avoid the cost increase caused by oversizing the rotating mirror or window.

[0065] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser formed after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the aspherical lens in the optical component is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 22 mm.

[0066] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length of the light-emitting area in the laser is (8.52 mm, 10.32 mm), and the divergence angle of the laser beam emitted by the laser after being shaped by the optical component along the long side direction of the light-emitting area is 22°-28°.

[0067] Based on the above technical solution, a better collimation effect can be achieved by using as few lenses as possible, which helps to improve the collimation efficiency of the optical component.

[0068] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens and a rotationally symmetric spherical lens, the aspherical lens being used to perform a first collimation on the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain an eighth beam; the spherical lens being used to perform a second collimation on the eighth beam to obtain a ninth beam.

[0069] Based on the above technical solution, since the optical assembly does not include rotationally asymmetric cylindrical lenses, the dimensions required for matching or coupling the transmitting and receiving modules in the LiDAR can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of matching or coupling the transmitting and receiving modules. Furthermore, since the optical assembly only includes two rotationally symmetric circular lenses, the structural complexity of the optical assembly can be further reduced, as can the manufacturing and installation costs of the optical assembly.

[0070] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the aspheric lens is concave and the back surface is convex, and the refractive index of the aspheric lens is 1.4-1.6 and the Abbe coefficient is 60-66.

[0071] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface and the back surface of the spherical lens are convex surfaces, and the refractive index of the spherical lens is 1.8-2.0 and the Abbe coefficient is 26-36.

[0072] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the aspherical lens are:

[0073] In the above, S15 is the front surface of the aspherical lens and S16 is the back surface of the aspherical lens.

[0074] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the aspherical lens is (3.25 mm, 5.34 mm).

[0075] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the spherical lens are:

[0076] The above S17 is the front surface of the spherical lens and S18 is the back surface of the spherical lens.

[0077] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the spherical lens is (4.9 mm, 8.1 mm).

[0078] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the air gap between the aspheric mirror and the center of the laser is (4.892 mm, 8.036 mm), and the air gap between the spherical mirror and the center of the aspheric mirror is (5.748 mm, 9.444 mm).

[0079] Based on the above technical solution, by configuring the material parameters and surface parameters of the aspherical and spherical lenses, it is possible to achieve a laser beam shaping effect (e.g., collimation) with a minimum number of rotationally symmetric lenses. At the same time, the beam waist can be positioned away from the surface of the spherical lens, helping to reduce the required diameter of the rotating mirror or window, thereby helping to avoid the cost increase caused by oversizing the rotating mirror or window.

[0080] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser formed after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the spherical lens in the optical component is greater than or equal to 25.5 mm and less than or equal to 31.5 mm.

[0081] In some possible implementations, the rotating mirror or the viewing window can be positioned near the beam waist, thereby avoiding the light clipping problem caused by insufficient size of the rotating mirror or the viewing window.

[0082] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length of the light-emitting area in the laser is (8.83 mm, 10.22 mm), and the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component to form a beam with a divergence angle of 22°-28° along the long side direction of the light-emitting area.

[0083] Based on the above technical solution, a better collimation effect can be achieved by using as few lenses as possible, which helps to improve the collimation efficiency of the optical component.

[0084] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens and a rotationally non-symmetric cylindrical lens, the aspherical lens being used to perform a first collimation on the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a tenth beam; the cylindrical lens being used to perform a second collimation and homogenization on the tenth beam to obtain an eleventh beam.

[0085] Based on the above technical solution, by configuring the material parameters and surface parameters of the aspherical and cylindrical lenses, it is possible to achieve laser beam shaping effects (e.g., collimation and homogenization) with a minimum number of lenses. At the same time, the beam waist can be positioned away from the surface of the cylindrical lens, helping to reduce the required diameter of the rotating mirror or window, thereby helping to avoid the cost increase caused by oversizing the rotating mirror or window.

[0086] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, after being homogenized by the cylindrical lens, the energy distribution of the light spot in the vertical direction is uniform.

[0087] Based on the above technical solution, after the tenth light beam is homogenized by the cylindrical lens, the energy distribution in the light spot is uniform, so that the beam quality problem (or the problem of uneven distribution of light spot intensity) can be avoided.

[0088] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface and the back surface of the aspherical lens are convex, and the refractive index of the aspherical lens is 1.49-1.55 and the Abbe coefficient is 61-67.

[0089] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the front surface of the cylindrical lens is convex and the back surface is concave, and the refractive index of the cylindrical lens is 1.49-1.55 and the Abbe coefficient is 61-67.

[0090] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the aspherical lens are:

[0091] In the above, S19 is the front surface of the aspherical lens and S20 is the back surface of the aspherical lens.

[0092] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the aspherical lens is (3.5 mm, 5.75 mm).

[0093] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface parameters of the cylindrical lens are:

[0094] In the above, S21 is the front surface of the cylindrical lens and S22 is the back surface of the cylindrical lens.

[0095] In a first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of the cylindrical lens is (3.42 mm, 5.61 mm).

[0096] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the air gap between the aspheric mirror and the center of the laser is (15.279 mm, 25.098 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical mirror and the center of the aspheric mirror is (0.963 mm, 1.582 mm).

[0097] Based on the above technical solution, by configuring the material parameters and surface parameters of the aspherical and cylindrical lenses, it is possible to achieve laser beam shaping effects (e.g., collimation and homogenization) with a minimum number of lenses. At the same time, the beam waist can be positioned away from the surface of the cylindrical lens, helping to reduce the required diameter of the rotating mirror or window, thereby helping to avoid the cost increase caused by oversizing the rotating mirror or window.

[0098] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser formed after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the cylindrical lens in the optical component is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0099] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length of the light-emitting area in the laser is (6.5 mm, 7.5 mm), and the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component to form a beam with a divergence angle of 15°-21° along the long side direction of the light-emitting area.

[0100] Based on the above technical solution, a better collimation effect can be achieved by using as few lenses as possible, which helps to improve the collimation efficiency of the optical component.

[0101] In a second aspect, an optical system is provided, comprising a laser and the optical component of any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0102] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the laser includes a plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas, and the aspect ratio of each of the plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas is greater than or equal to 5.

[0103] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the multiple rectangular light-emitting areas are illuminated in a time-sharing manner.

[0104] Based on the above technical solution, the crosstalk problem of light from different fields of view on the receiving module can be avoided to a certain extent by time-sharing lighting through multiple rectangular light-emitting areas.

[0105] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the multiple rectangular light-emitting areas include a first rectangular light-emitting area and a second rectangular light-emitting area, and the first rectangular light-emitting area and the second rectangular light-emitting area are staggered along the long side direction and the staggered length is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

[0106] Based on the above technical solution, the two rectangular light-emitting areas are staggered along the long side direction, which can avoid the line missing problem caused by mounting error.

[0107] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the multiple rectangular light-emitting areas include adjacent third rectangular light-emitting areas and fourth rectangular light-emitting areas, the third rectangular light-emitting areas and the fourth rectangular light-emitting areas are linearly arranged along the long side direction and the gap between the third rectangular light-emitting areas and the fourth rectangular light-emitting areas is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

[0108] Based on the above technical solution, two adjacent rectangular light-emitting areas are arranged linearly and the gap between them is greater than or equal to 100 μm, which can achieve isolation of the two adjacent rectangular light-emitting areas on the electrical appliance.

[0109] In a third aspect, a laser radar is provided, which includes the optical component in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or includes the optical system in any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0110] In a fourth aspect, a terminal device is provided, which includes a laser radar in any possible implementation of the third aspect.

[0111] In combination with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the terminal device is a vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0112] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a laser radar provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0113] FIG2 is a schematic block diagram of an optical component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0114] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an optical component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0115] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the laser beams emitted from the four light-emitting areas provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through an aspherical mirror and a spherical mirror.

[0116] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of time-sharing lighting of a light-emitting area provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0117] FIG6 shows the correspondence between the light emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0118] FIG7 is another schematic diagram of an optical assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0119] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through an aspherical mirror, a spherical mirror, and a cylindrical mirror.

[0120] FIG9 is another schematic diagram of time-sharing lighting of a light-emitting area provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0121] FIG10 is another correspondence between the light emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0122] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of an optical assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0123] FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through a cylindrical lens and an aspherical lens.

[0124] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of time-sharing lighting of the light-emitting area provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0125] FIG14 is another correspondence between the light emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0126] FIG15 is another schematic diagram of an optical component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0127] FIG16 is a schematic diagram showing a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through an aspherical lens and a spherical lens.

[0128] FIG17 is another schematic diagram of time-sharing lighting of the light-emitting area provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0129] FIG18 is another correspondence between the light-emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] FIG19 is another schematic diagram of an optical component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0131] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through an aspherical lens and a cylindrical lens.

[0132] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of time-sharing lighting of the light-emitting area provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0133] FIG22 is a diagram showing the correspondence between the light-emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0134] FIG23 is a schematic block diagram of an optical system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0135] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this article is only a way to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. "At least one" means one or more. For example, "at least one of A and B" is similar to "A and / or B", describing the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, at least one of A and B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0136] In the embodiments of the present application, prefixes such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different description objects and have no limiting effect on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the described objects. The use of prefixes such as ordinal numbers to distinguish description objects in the embodiments of the present application does not constitute a restriction on the described objects. For the statement of the described objects, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and the use of such prefixes should not constitute an unnecessary restriction. In addition, in the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0137] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a laser radar 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The laser radar 100 may include a transmitting module 110 and a receiving module 120. The transmitting module 110 includes a laser and a transmitting mirror assembly, and the receiving module 120 includes a photosensitive chip and a receiving mirror assembly.

[0138] During the transceiver matching process between the transmitter module 110 and the receiver module 120, the following alignment requirements are included but are not limited to:

[0139] (1) The arrangement of the light-emitting area in the laser is aligned with the photosensitive area of ​​the photosensitive chip;

[0140] (2) The optical axis of the transmitting mirror group is aligned with the light-emitting area, and the optical axis of the receiving mirror group is aligned with the photosensitive chip;

[0141] (3) Alignment of the optical axis between the transmitting mirror group and the receiving mirror group.

[0142] In embodiments of the present application, modular optical components facilitate overall adjustment of the transmitting mirror assembly. In some embodiments, the transmitting mirror assembly can be completely rotationally symmetric about the optical axis, and when matching or coupling the transmitting and receiving modules, only the position of the laser needs to be adjusted, reducing the number of matching or coupling steps.

[0143] Figure 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an optical assembly 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 , the optical assembly 200 includes at least one rotationally symmetric aspherical lens, at least one rotationally symmetric spherical lens, or at least one rotationally asymmetric cylindrical lens. The optical assembly 200 is used to shape a laser beam emitted by a laser.

[0144] Optionally, the number of lenses in the optical assembly 200 is less than or equal to 3.

[0145] Exemplarily, the optical component 200 may be located in the aforementioned transmitting mirror assembly.

[0146] 3 shows a schematic diagram of an optical assembly 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The optical assembly 200 includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical mirror 201 and a rotationally symmetric spherical mirror 202.

[0147] Exemplarily, material parameters of the aspherical mirror 201 and the spherical mirror 202 are shown in Table 1.

[0148] Table 1

[0149] Exemplarily, the front surface S1 of the aspheric lens 201 is a concave aspheric surface, the back surface S2 is a convex aspheric surface, the refractive index range of the material is 1.49 to 1.55, and the Abbe coefficient is 61 to 67, which performs a single collimation on the laser beam emitted by the laser.

[0150] Exemplarily, the surface parameters of the front surface S1 and the back surface S2 of the aspherical mirror 201 are shown in Table 2.

[0151] Table 2

[0152] Among them, Radius represents the radius of curvature, Conic represents the cone coefficient, and A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 are aspheric coefficients.

[0153] Exemplarily, the aperture of the aspherical lens 201 is (9.8 mm, 16.1 mm).

[0154] Exemplarily, the thickness of the aspherical lens 201 is (5.67 mm, 9.32 mm).

[0155] Exemplarily, the front surface S3 of the spherical lens 202 is concave, the back surface S4 is convex, the material refractive index ranges from 1.75 to 1.85, and the Abbe coefficient is 43 to 49, and the laser beam from the aspherical lens 201 is collimated twice.

[0156] Exemplarily, the surface parameters of the front surface S3 and the back surface S4 of the spherical lens 202 are shown in Table 3.

[0157] Table 3

[0158] Exemplarily, the aperture of the spherical lens 202 is (10.5 mm, 17.25 mm).

[0159] Exemplarily, the thickness of the spherical lens 202 is (3.62 mm, 5.95 mm).

[0160] For example, the air gap between the aspherical lens 201 and the center of the laser is (5.6 mm, 9.2 mm), and the air gap between the aspherical lens 201 and the center of the spherical lens 202 is (9.13 mm, 15 mm).

[0161] Exemplarily, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface S4 of the spherical mirror 202 is greater than or equal to 17 mm and less than or equal to 23 mm.

[0162] Optionally, the aspherical lens 201 and the spherical lens 202 can form an optical system (or a transmitting module) with a laser.

[0163] Exemplarily, the laser may be a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), which includes a plurality of rectangular light emitting areas.

[0164] Exemplarily, the length of the entire light-emitting area is (8.49 mm, 9.83 mm), and the width of a single rectangular light-emitting area is (0.08 mm, 0.09 mm).

[0165] For example, the total divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by the entire light-emitting area in the long side direction of the rectangular light-emitting area is 20° to 25°, and the divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by a single rectangular light-emitting area in the short side direction of the rectangular light-emitting area is 0.13° to 0.3°.

[0166] Exemplarily, the laser is composed of four rectangular light-emitting areas arranged in an interlaced manner. The four rectangular light-emitting areas can be driven individually or in pairs at the same time, thereby achieving different lighting sequences.

[0167] For example, FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of the laser beams emitted from the four rectangular light-emitting areas provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through the aspherical lens 201 and the spherical lens 202 .

[0168] 5 shows a schematic diagram of time-division lighting of the light-emitting areas provided in an embodiment of the present application. Rectangular light-emitting area 1, rectangular light-emitting area 2, rectangular light-emitting area 3, and rectangular light-emitting area 4 can be illuminated in a time-division manner.

[0169] For example, Figure 6 shows the correspondence between the luminous areas and the emission spots provided by an embodiment of the present application. Rectangular luminous areas 1-4 correspond to photosensitive areas 1-4 of the photosensitive chip, respectively. Because the optical assembly consists of only two circular lenses with rotationally symmetrical surfaces, when matching or coupling the transmitting and receiving modules, only the position of the laser needs to be adjusted, resulting in a high matching or coupling efficiency between the transmitting and receiving modules. At the same time, the requirements for lens barrel processing and lens assembly are relatively low.

[0170] 7 shows another schematic diagram of an optical assembly 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The optical assembly 200 includes an aspherical lens 203 , a spherical lens 204 and a cylindrical lens 205 .

[0171] For example, the material parameters of the aspherical lens 203 , the spherical lens 204 , and the cylindrical lens 205 are shown in Table 4.

[0172] Table 4

[0173] For example, FIG8 shows a schematic diagram of a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through an aspherical lens 203 , a spherical lens 204 and a cylindrical lens 205 .

[0174] Exemplarily, the front surface S5 of the aspheric lens 203 is a concave aspheric surface, the back surface S6 is a convex aspheric surface, the material refractive index range is 1.45 to 1.6, and the Abbe coefficient is 61 to 67, which performs a single collimation on the light emitted by the laser.

[0175] For example, Table 5 shows the surface parameters of the aspherical lens 203 .

[0176] Table 5

[0177] Exemplarily, the thickness of the aspherical lens 203 is (5.67 mm, 9.32 mm).

[0178] Exemplarily, the aperture of the aspherical lens 203 is (10.5 mm, 17.25 mm).

[0179] For example, the front surface S7 of the spherical lens 204 is concave, and the back surface S8 is convex. The material has a refractive index ranging from 1.7 to 1.9 and an Abbe coefficient ranging from 36 to 45. The spherical lens 204 can perform secondary collimation on the laser beam from the aspherical lens 203. After passing through the spherical lens 204, the beam collimation is close to zero.

[0180] For example, Table 6 shows the surface parameters of the spherical lens 204 .

[0181] Table 6

[0182] Exemplarily, the thickness of the spherical lens 204 is (3.62 mm, 6 mm).

[0183] Exemplarily, the aperture of the spherical lens 204 is (11.2 mm, 18.4 mm).

[0184] For example, the front surface S9 of the cylindrical lens 205 is flat and the rear surface S10 is concave. The alignment direction (curvature direction) of the cylindrical lens 205 is along the long side or short side of the rectangular light emitting area in the laser.

[0185] For example, the refractive index of the material corresponding to the cylindrical lens 205 ranges from 1.45 to 1.6, and the Abbe coefficient ranges from 61 to 67. By adjusting the curvature (or optical power) of the cylindrical lens in the direction of the directrix, the laser beam can be defocused in the direction of the directrix of the cylindrical lens 205, thereby producing a certain homogenization effect and broadening the light spot in the long direction. The laser may include a rectangular light-emitting area, and the long direction is the long side of the rectangular light-emitting area.

[0186] For example, Table 7 shows the surface parameters of the cylindrical lens 205 .

[0187] Table 7

[0188] Where, Radius Y is the radius of curvature along the Y axis. If Radius Y is inf, S9 is a flat surface.

[0189] Exemplarily, the thickness of the cylindrical lens 205 is (1.4 mm, 2.3 mm).

[0190] Exemplarily, the length of the cylindrical lens 205 is (10.5 mm, 17.25 mm).

[0191] Exemplarily, the width of the cylindrical lens 205 is (5.6 mm, 9.2 mm).

[0192] Exemplarily, the air gap between the aspherical lens 203 and the center of the laser is (5.6mm, 9.2mm), the air gap between the aspherical lens 203 and the center of the spherical lens 204 is (9.13mm, 15mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical lens 205 and the center of the spherical lens 204 is (1.4mm, 2.3mm).

[0193] Exemplarily, the alignment direction of the cylindrical lens 205 is along the long side direction or the short side direction of the rectangular light-emitting area in the laser.

[0194] The directrix direction of the cylindrical lens 205 is an arc or curve direction, and the generatrix is ​​the direction of the curve sweep. The generatrix direction of the cylindrical lens 205 can be a straight line.

[0195] Optionally, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser after being shaped by the optical component 200 and the rear surface S10 of the cylindrical lens 205 is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm.

[0196] Optionally, the aspherical lens 203, the spherical lens 204 and the cylindrical lens 205 can form an optical system (or a transmitting module) with a laser.

[0197] Exemplarily, the laser may be a VCSEL, which includes a plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas.

[0198] Exemplarily, the length of the entire light-emitting area is (11.4 mm, 13.8 mm), and the width of a single rectangular light-emitting area is (0.08 mm, 0.1 mm).

[0199] Optionally, the laser is composed of four rectangular light-emitting areas arranged linearly. For example, the four rectangular light-emitting areas can be driven individually or in pairs simultaneously to achieve different lighting sequences.

[0200] Optionally, the total divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by the entire light-emitting area in the long side direction of the rectangular light-emitting area is 21° to 27°, and the divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by a single rectangular light-emitting area in the short side direction of the rectangular light-emitting area is 0.13° to 0.4°.

[0201] 9 shows another schematic diagram of the time-sharing lighting of the light-emitting areas provided by an embodiment of the present application. Rectangular light-emitting areas 1 and 2 are lit sequentially at the same time, and rectangular light-emitting areas 3 and 4 are lit sequentially at the same time.

[0202] Illustratively, FIG10 shows another correspondence between the light-emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application. The rectangular light-emitting area is divided into 4 partitions, which are separated in pairs in time sequence; the corresponding receiving chip is divided into 2 partitions. The light-emitting component consists of two circular lenses with rotationally symmetrical surfaces and one non-rotationally symmetrical cylindrical lens. When matching the transmitting module and the receiving module, the direction of the cylindrical mirror can be made along the long side direction of the rectangular light-emitting area. By adjusting the curvature of the cylindrical mirror, the problem of insufficient light spot coverage due to the gap between the light-emitting areas in the long side direction can be compensated. After being homogenized by the cylindrical lens, the two discrete light spots overlap in the vertical direction. Since the transmitting lens group only includes one non-rotationally symmetrical cylindrical lens, it helps to reduce the manufacturing cost and installation requirements of the lens; at the same time, it can reduce the number of processes for matching or coupling the transmitting module and the receiving module.

[0203] 11 shows another schematic diagram of an optical assembly 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The optical assembly 200 includes a cylindrical lens 206 and an aspherical lens 207.

[0204] For example, the material parameters of the cylindrical lens 206 and the aspherical lens 207 are shown in Table 8.

[0205] Table 8

[0206] For example, FIG12 shows a schematic diagram of a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through a cylindrical lens 206 and an aspherical lens 207 .

[0207] Exemplarily, the front surface S11 of the cylindrical lens 206 is a concave cylindrical surface and the rear surface S12 is a convex cylindrical surface. The material refractive index ranges from 1.45 to 1.51 and the Abbe coefficient is from 67 to 73, and the laser beam emitted by the laser is collimated once.

[0208] For example, Table 9 shows the surface parameters of the cylindrical lens 206 .

[0209] Table 9

[0210] Wherein, Radius X represents the curvature radius in the X-axis direction.

[0211] Exemplarily, the thickness of the cylindrical lens 206 is (1.87 mm, 3.07 mm).

[0212] Exemplarily, the length of the cylindrical lens 206 is (11.2 mm, 18.4 mm).

[0213] Exemplarily, the width of the cylindrical lens 206 is (5.6 mm, 9.2 mm).

[0214] Exemplarily, the front surface S13 and the back surface S14 of the aspheric lens 207 are both convex, the material refractive index ranges from 1.76 to 1.86, and the Abbe coefficient is 38 to 44, and performs secondary collimation on the laser beam from the cylindrical lens 206 .

[0215] For example, Table 10 shows the surface parameters of the aspherical lens 207 .

[0216] Table 10

[0217] Exemplarily, the thickness of the aspherical lens 207 is (2.92 mm, 4.79 mm).

[0218] Exemplarily, the aperture of the aspherical lens 207 is (12.6 mm, 20.7 mm).

[0219] Exemplarily, the air gap between the cylindrical lens 206 and the center of the laser is (11.3 mm, 18.57 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical lens 206 and the center of the aspherical lens 207 is (1.06 mm, 1.74 mm).

[0220] Exemplarily, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface S14 of the aspherical lens 207 is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 22 mm.

[0221] Optionally, the cylindrical lens 206 and the aspherical lens 207 can form an optical system (or a transmitting module) with a laser.

[0222] Exemplarily, the laser may be a VCSEL, which includes a plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas.

[0223] Exemplarily, the length of the entire light-emitting area is (8.52 mm, 10.32 mm), and the width of a single rectangular light-emitting area is (0.07 mm, 0.09 mm).

[0224] Exemplarily, the laser is composed of four rectangular light-emitting areas arranged in an alternating manner.

[0225] For example, the four rectangular light-emitting areas can be driven individually or in pairs at the same time to achieve different lighting sequences.

[0226] Optionally, the total divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by the entire light-emitting area in the long side direction of the light-emitting area is 22° to 28°, and the divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by a single rectangular light-emitting area in the short side direction of the light-emitting area is 0.1° to 0.3°.

[0227] For example, Figure 13 shows another schematic diagram of the time-sharing lighting of the light-emitting areas provided by an embodiment of the present application. Rectangular light-emitting area 1 and rectangular light-emitting area 4 are lit simultaneously, and rectangular light-emitting area 1, rectangular light-emitting area 2, and rectangular light-emitting area 3 are lit in a time-sequential manner.

[0228] Illustratively, FIG14 shows another correspondence between the light-emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application. The rectangular light-emitting area is divided into 4 partitions; the corresponding receiving chip is also divided into 4 partitions. The light-emitting component consists of a cylindrical lens and a circular lens with a rotationally symmetrical surface. When matching the transmitting module and the receiving module, the directrix direction (the direction with the arc) of the cylindrical lens can be made along the long side or short side direction of the light-emitting area. Since the transmitting lens group only includes one non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens, it helps to reduce the manufacturing cost and installation requirements of the lens; at the same time, it can reduce the process of matching or coupling the transmitting module and the receiving module.

[0229] 15 shows another schematic diagram of an optical assembly 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The optical assembly 200 includes an aspherical lens 208 and a spherical lens 209.

[0230] For example, the material parameters of the aspherical lens 208 and the spherical lens 209 are shown in Table 11.

[0231] Table 11

[0232] For example, FIG16 shows a schematic diagram of a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through an aspherical lens 208 and a spherical lens 209 .

[0233] Exemplarily, the front surface S15 of the aspheric lens 208 is concave and the back surface S16 is convex, the material has a refractive index range of 1.4 to 1.6, and an Abbe coefficient of 60 to 66, and performs a primary collimation on the laser beam emitted from the laser.

[0234] Exemplarily, Table 12 shows the surface parameters of the aspherical lens 208 .

[0235] Table 12

[0236] Exemplarily, the thickness of the aspherical lens 208 is (3.25 mm, 5.34 mm).

[0237] Exemplarily, the aperture of the aspherical lens 208 is (9.24 mm, 15.64 mm).

[0238] Exemplarily, the front surface S17 and the back surface S18 of the spherical lens 209 are convex, the material refractive index ranges from 1.8 to 2.0, and the Abbe coefficient is 26 to 36, and the laser beam from the aspherical lens 208 is collimated twice.

[0239] Exemplarily, Table 13 shows the surface parameters of the spherical lens 209 .

[0240] Table 13

[0241] Exemplarily, the thickness of the spherical lens 209 is (4.9 mm, 8.1 mm).

[0242] Exemplarily, the aperture of the spherical lens 209 is (12.2 mm, 20 mm).

[0243] Exemplarily, the air gap between the aspherical lens 208 and the center of the laser is (4.892 mm, 8.036 mm), and the air gap between the spherical lens 209 and the center of the aspherical lens 208 is (5.748 mm, 9.444 mm).

[0244] Exemplarily, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface S18 of the spherical lens 209 is greater than or equal to 25.5 mm and less than or equal to 31.5 mm.

[0245] Optionally, the aspherical lens 208 and the spherical lens 209 can form an optical system (or a transmitting module) with a laser.

[0246] Exemplarily, the laser may be a VCSEL, which includes a plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas.

[0247] Exemplarily, the length of the entire light-emitting area is (8.83 mm, 10.22 mm), and the width of a single rectangular light-emitting area is (0.09 mm, 0.11 mm).

[0248] Exemplarily, the laser is composed of four rectangular light-emitting areas arranged linearly in pairs.

[0249] For example, the four rectangular light-emitting areas can be driven individually or in pairs at the same time to achieve different lighting sequences.

[0250] For example, the total divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted from the entire light-emitting area in the long side direction of the light-emitting area is 22° to 28°, and the divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted from a single rectangular light-emitting area in the short side direction of the light-emitting area is 0.22° to 0.4°.

[0251] For example, Figure 17 shows another schematic diagram of the time-sharing lighting of the light-emitting areas provided by an embodiment of the present application: rectangular light-emitting area 1 and rectangular light-emitting area 4 are illuminated simultaneously, and rectangular light-emitting area 2 and rectangular light-emitting area 3 are illuminated simultaneously.

[0252] For example, Figure 18 shows another correspondence between the light-emitting area and the emitted light spot provided by an embodiment of the present application. The rectangular light-emitting area is divided into four sections. The corresponding receiving chip is also divided into four sections. Because the optical assembly consists of only two circular lenses with rotationally symmetrical surfaces, matching the transmitting and receiving modules only requires adjusting the position of the laser. Furthermore, the requirements for lens barrel processing and lens assembly are relatively low.

[0253] 19 shows another schematic diagram of an optical assembly 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The optical assembly 200 includes an aspherical lens 210 and a cylindrical lens 211 .

[0254] Exemplarily, the material parameters of the aspherical lens 210 and the cylindrical lens 211 are shown in Table 14.

[0255] Table 14

[0256] For example, FIG20 shows a schematic diagram of a laser beam emitted by a laser provided in an embodiment of the present application being collimated after passing through an aspherical lens 210 and a cylindrical lens 211 .

[0257] Exemplarily, the front surface S19 and the back surface S20 of the aspheric lens 210 are both convex, the material refractive index ranges from 1.49 to 1.55, and the Abbe coefficient is 61 to 67, and the light emitted by the laser is collimated once.

[0258] Exemplarily, Table 15 shows the surface parameters of the aspherical lens 210 .

[0259] Table 15

[0260] Exemplarily, the thickness of the aspherical lens 210 is (3.5 mm, 5.75 mm).

[0261] Exemplarily, the aperture of the aspherical lens 210 is (10.2 mm, 16.7 mm).

[0262] Exemplarily, the front surface S21 of the cylindrical lens 211 is a convex cylindrical surface, the back surface S22 is a concave cylindrical surface, the material refractive index ranges from 1.49 to 1.55, and the Abbe coefficient is 61 to 67.

[0263] The cylindrical lens 211 can perform secondary collimation on the light beam coming from the aspherical lens 210 , and at the same time, achieve a defocusing and homogenizing effect in the long side direction of the light emitting area by adjusting the curvature.

[0264] Exemplarily, Table 16 shows the surface parameters of the cylindrical lens 211.

[0265] Table 16

[0266] Exemplarily, the thickness of the cylindrical lens 211 is (3.42 mm, 5.61 mm).

[0267] Exemplarily, the length of the cylindrical lens 211 is (10.5 mm, 17.3 mm).

[0268] Exemplarily, the width of the cylindrical lens 211 is (9.1 mm, 15 mm).

[0269] Exemplarily, the air gap between the aspheric lens 210 and the center of the laser is (15.279 mm, 25.098 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical lens 211 and the center of the aspheric lens 210 is (0.963 mm, 1.582 mm).

[0270] Optionally, the distance between the beam waist of the laser beam emitted by the laser after being shaped by the optical component and the rear surface S22 of the cylindrical lens 211 is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0271] Optionally, the aspherical lens 210 and the cylindrical lens 211 can form an optical system (or a transmitting module) with a laser.

[0272] Exemplarily, the laser may be a VCSEL, which includes a plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas.

[0273] Exemplarily, the length of the entire light-emitting area is (6.5 mm, 7.5 mm), and the width of a single rectangular light-emitting area is (0.7 mm, 0.9 mm).

[0274] Exemplarily, the laser is composed of three light-emitting areas arranged in an interlaced manner. The three rectangular light-emitting areas can be driven individually or in pairs at the same time to achieve different lighting sequences.

[0275] Optionally, the total divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by the entire light-emitting area in the long side direction of the light-emitting area is 15° to 21°, and the divergence angle of the collimated laser beam emitted by a single rectangular light-emitting area in the short side direction of the light-emitting area is 0.15° to 0.35°.

[0276] For example, Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of time-division lighting of the light-emitting areas provided in an embodiment of the present application. Rectangular light-emitting area 1, rectangular light-emitting area 2, and rectangular light-emitting area 3 are illuminated in a time-division sequence.

[0277] Exemplarily, FIG22 shows the correspondence between the light-emitting area and the emission spot provided in an embodiment of the present application. The light-emitting area is divided into three partitions; the corresponding receiving chip is also divided into three partitions. The optical component consists of a circular lens with a rotationally symmetrical surface and a non-rotationally symmetrical cylindrical lens. When matching the transmitting module and the receiving module, the alignment direction of the cylindrical lens can be made along the long side or short side of the light-emitting area. After being homogenized by the cylindrical lens, the energy distribution in each light spot is uniform. Since the optical component only includes one non-rotationally symmetrical cylindrical lens, it helps to reduce the manufacturing cost and installation requirements of the lens; at the same time, it can reduce the process of matching or coupling the transmitting module and the receiving module.

[0278] The lighting timing of each rectangular light-emitting area in the laser in the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0279] For example, in the light-emitting system composed of the optical component 200 and the laser as shown in FIG3 , the light-emitting area 1 and the light-emitting area 2 can be illuminated at the same time, and the light-emitting area 3 and the light-emitting area 4 can be illuminated sequentially.

[0280] For another example, in the light-emitting system composed of the optical component 200 and the laser as shown in FIG3 , the light-emitting area 1 and the light-emitting area 4 can be illuminated at the same time, and the light-emitting area 1, the light-emitting area 2 and the light-emitting area 3 can be illuminated in a time sequence.

[0281] 23 shows a schematic block diagram of an optical system 2300 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The optical system 2300 includes a laser 2310 and an optical component 200.

[0282] Optionally, the laser 2310 includes a plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas, and the aspect ratio of each of the plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas is greater than or equal to 5.

[0283] Optionally, the plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas are illuminated in a time-sharing manner.

[0284] For example, as shown in FIG5 , rectangular light-emitting area 1 , rectangular light-emitting area 2 , rectangular light-emitting area 3 and rectangular light-emitting area 4 can be illuminated in a time-sharing manner.

[0285] Optionally, the plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas include a first rectangular light-emitting area and a second rectangular light-emitting area, and the first rectangular light-emitting area and the second rectangular light-emitting area are staggered along the long side direction and the staggered length is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

[0286] For example, as shown in Figure 6, rectangular light-emitting areas 1, 2, 3, and 4 are staggered along the long side, and the staggered length is greater than or equal to 100 μm. This can avoid the problem of missing lines caused by mounting errors.

[0287] Optionally, the multiple rectangular light-emitting areas include adjacent third rectangular light-emitting areas and fourth rectangular light-emitting areas, the third rectangular light-emitting areas and the fourth rectangular light-emitting areas are linearly arranged along the long side direction and the gap between the third rectangular light-emitting areas and the fourth rectangular light-emitting areas is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

[0288] For example, as shown in Figure 10, rectangular light-emitting areas 1, 2, 3, and 4 are arranged linearly along the longitudinal direction, and the gap between adjacent rectangular light-emitting areas is greater than or equal to 100 μm. This allows for electrical isolation of adjacent rectangular light-emitting areas.

[0289] An embodiment of the present application also provides a laser radar, which may include the above-mentioned optical component 200 or optical system 2300.

[0290] An embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal device, which may include the above-mentioned laser radar.

[0291] Optionally, the terminal device may be a vehicle.

[0292] The vehicles involved in the embodiments of the present application are vehicles in a broad sense, which can be transportation vehicles (such as commercial vehicles, passenger cars, motorcycles, flying cars, trains, etc.), industrial vehicles (such as forklifts, trailers, tractors, etc.), engineering vehicles (such as excavators, bulldozers, cranes, etc.), agricultural equipment (such as lawn mowers, harvesters, etc.), amusement equipment, toy vehicles, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the type of vehicles.

[0293] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An optical component, characterized in that, The optical component includes at least one rotationally symmetric aspherical lens, at least one rotationally symmetric spherical lens or a non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens, and the optical component is used for shaping the laser beam emitted by the laser. The number of lenses in the optical component is less than or equal to 3.

2. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens and a rotationally symmetric spherical lens. The aspherical lens is used for collimating the laser beam emitted by the laser for the first time to obtain a first beam. The spherical lens is used for collimating the first beam for the second time to obtain a second beam.

3. The optical component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front surface of the aspherical lens is concave and the rear surface is convex. The refractive index of the aspherical lens is 1.49 - 1.55 and the Abbe number is 61 - 67. The front surface of the spherical lens is concave and the rear surface is convex. The refractive index of the spherical lens is 1.75 - 1.85 and the Abbe number is 43 - 49. Wherein, the front surface is the surface close to the laser, and the rear surface is the surface far from the laser.

4. The optical component according to claim 2 or 3, wherein Surface parameters of the aspherical lens: S1 is the front surface of the aspherical lens, S2 is the rear surface of the aspherical lens, and the thickness of the aspherical lens is (5.67 mm, 9.32 mm). The surface type parameters of the spherical lens: S3 is the front surface of the spherical lens, S4 is the rear surface of the spherical lens, and the thickness of the spherical lens is (3.62 mm, 5.95 mm). The air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the laser is (5.6 mm, 9.2 mm), and the air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the spherical lens is (9.13 mm, 15 mm).

5. The optical component according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The distance between the beam waist of the beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the spherical lens is greater than or equal to 17 mm and less than or equal to 23 mm.

6. The optical component according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that The length of the light-emitting region in the laser is (8.49 mm, 9.83 mm), and the divergence angle of the beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component along the long side direction of the light-emitting region is 20° - 25°.

7. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens, a rotationally symmetric spherical lens and a non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens. The aspherical lens is used for collimating the laser beam emitted by the laser for the first time to obtain a third beam. The spherical lens is used for collimating the third beam for the second time to obtain a fourth beam. The cylindrical lens is used for homogenizing the fourth beam to obtain a fifth beam.

8. The optical component according to claim 7, characterized in that After being homogenized by the cylindrical lens, two discrete light spots overlap in the vertical direction.

9. The optical component according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The front surface of the aspherical lens is concave and the rear surface is convex. The refractive index of the aspherical lens is 1.45 - 1.6 and the Abbe number is 61 - 67. The front surface of the spherical lens is concave and the rear surface is convex. The refractive index of the spherical lens is 1.7 - 1.9 and the Abbe number is 36 - 45. The front surface of the cylindrical lens is flat and the rear surface is concave. The refractive index of the cylindrical lens is 1.45 - 1.6 and the Abbe number is 61 - 67; Among them, the front surface is the surface close to the laser, and the rear surface is the surface far from the laser.

10. The optical component according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that The surface parameters of the aspheric lens: S5 is the front surface of the aspherical lens, S6 is the rear surface of the aspherical lens, and the thickness of the aspherical lens is (5.67 mm, 9.32 mm); The surface shape parameters of the spherical lens: S7 is the front surface of the spherical lens, S8 is the rear surface of the spherical lens, and the thickness of the spherical lens is (3.62 mm, 6 mm); The surface shape parameters of the cylindrical lens: S9 is the front surface of the cylindrical lens, S10 is the rear surface of the cylindrical lens, and the thickness of the cylindrical lens is (1.4 mm, 2.3 mm); The air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the laser is (5.6 mm, 9.2 mm), the air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the spherical lens is (9.13 mm, 15 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical lens and the center of the spherical lens is (1.4 mm, 2.3 mm).

11. The optical component according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that, The distance between the waist of the light beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the cylindrical lens is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm.

12. The optical component according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that, The length of the light-emitting region in the laser is (11.4 mm, 13.8 mm), and the divergence angle of the light beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component along the long side direction of the light-emitting region is 21° - 27°.

13. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical component includes a non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens and a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens. The cylindrical lens is used to perform first collimation on the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a sixth light beam; The aspherical lens is used to perform second collimation on the sixth light beam to obtain a seventh light beam.

14. The optical component according to claim 13, wherein The front surface of the cylindrical lens is concave and the rear surface is convex. The refractive index of the cylindrical lens is 1.45 - 1.51 and the Abbe number is 67 - 73; The front surface and the rear surface of the aspherical lens are convex. The refractive index of the aspherical lens is 1.76 - 1.86 and the Abbe number is 38 - 44; Among them, the front surface is the surface close to the laser, and the rear surface is the surface far from the laser.

15. The optical component according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that The surface shape parameters of the cylindrical lens: S11 is the front surface of the cylindrical lens, S12 is the rear surface of the cylindrical lens, and the thickness of the cylindrical lens is (1.87 mm, 3.07 mm); The surface parameters of the aspherical lens are as follows: S13 is the front surface of the aspherical lens, S14 is the rear surface of the aspherical lens, and the thickness of the aspherical lens is (2.92 mm, 4.79 mm); The air gap between the cylindrical lens and the center of the laser is (11.3 mm, 18.57 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical lens and the center of the aspherical lens is (1.06 mm, 1.74 mm).

16. The optical component according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The distance between the beam waist of the beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the shaping of the optical component and the rear surface of the aspherical lens is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 22 mm.

17. The optical component according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The length of the light-emitting region in the laser is (8.52 mm, 10.32 mm), and the divergence angle of the laser beam emitted by the laser along the long side direction of the light-emitting region after passing through the shaping of the optical component is 22° - 28°.

18. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens and a rotationally symmetric spherical lens. The aspherical lens is used for first collimating the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain an eighth beam. The spherical lens is used for second collimating the eighth beam to obtain a ninth beam.

19. The optical component according to claim 18, characterized in that, The front surface of the aspherical lens is concave and the rear surface is convex. The refractive index of the aspherical lens is 1.4 - 1.6 and the Abbe number is 60 - 66. The front surface and the rear surface of the spherical lens are convex. The refractive index of the spherical lens is 1.8 - 2.0 and the Abbe number is 26 - 36. Wherein, the front surface is the surface close to the laser, and the rear surface is the surface far from the laser.

20. The optical component according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that The surface shape parameters of the aspherical lens: S15 is the front surface of the aspherical lens, S16 is the rear surface of the aspherical lens, and the thickness of the aspherical lens is (3.25 mm, 5.34 mm). The surface shape parameters of the spherical lens: S17 is the front surface of the spherical lens, S18 is the rear surface of the spherical lens, and the thickness of the spherical lens is (4.9 mm, 8.1 mm). The air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the laser is (4.892 mm, 8.036 mm), and the air gap between the spherical lens and the center of the aspherical lens is (5.748 mm, 9.444 mm).

21. The optical component according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that The distance between the beam waist of the beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the shaping of the optical component and the rear surface of the spherical lens is greater than or equal to 25.5 mm and less than or equal to 31.5 mm.

22. The optical component according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that, The length of the light-emitting region in the laser is (8.83 mm, 10.22 mm), and the divergence angle of the laser beam emitted by the laser along the long side direction after passing through the shaping of the optical component is 22° - 28°.

23. The optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical component includes a rotationally symmetric aspherical lens and a non-rotationally symmetric cylindrical lens. The aspherical lens is used for first collimating the laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a tenth beam. The cylindrical lens is used for second collimating and homogenizing the tenth beam to obtain an eleventh beam.

24. The optical component according to claim 23, wherein After being homogenized by the cylindrical lens, the energy distribution of the light spot is uniform in the vertical direction.

25. The optical component according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that, The front surface and the rear surface of the aspherical lens are convex surfaces, and the refractive index of the aspherical lens is 1.49 - 1.55 and the Abbe number is 61 - 67; The front surface of the cylindrical lens is a convex surface and the rear surface is a concave surface, and the refractive index of the cylindrical lens is 1.49 - 1.55 and the Abbe number is 61 - 67; Wherein, the front surface is the surface close to the laser, and the rear surface is the surface far from the laser.

26. The optical component according to any one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that The surface shape parameters of the aspherical lens: S19 is the front surface of the aspherical lens, S20 is the rear surface of the aspherical lens, and the thickness of the aspherical lens is (3.5 mm, 5.75 mm); The surface shape parameters of the cylindrical lens: S21 is the front surface of the cylindrical lens, S22 is the rear surface of the cylindrical lens, and the thickness of the cylindrical lens is (3.42 mm, 5.61 mm); The air gap between the aspherical lens and the center of the laser is (15.279 mm, 25.098 mm), and the air gap between the cylindrical lens and the center of the aspherical lens is (0.963 mm, 1.582 mm).

27. The optical component according to any one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that, The distance between the waist of the beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component and the rear surface of the cylindrical lens is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

28. The optical component according to any one of claims 23 to 27, characterized in that The length of the light-emitting area in the laser is (6.5 mm, 7.5 mm), and the divergence angle of the beam formed after the laser beam emitted by the laser is shaped by the optical component along the long side direction is 15° - 21°.

29. An optical system, characterized in that, The optical system includes a laser and an optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 28.

30. The optical system according to claim 29, characterized in that The laser includes a plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas, and the aspect ratio of each rectangular light-emitting area in the plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas is greater than or equal to 5.

31. The optical system according to claim 30, wherein, The plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas emit light in a time-sharing manner.

32. The optical system according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that, The plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas include a first rectangular light-emitting area and a second rectangular light-emitting area, and the first rectangular light-emitting area and the second rectangular light-emitting area are arranged in an alternating manner along the long side direction and the alternating length is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

33. The optical system according to any one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that, The plurality of rectangular light-emitting areas include adjacent third rectangular light-emitting area and fourth rectangular light-emitting area, and the third rectangular light-emitting area and the fourth rectangular light-emitting area are linearly arranged along the long side direction and the gap between the third rectangular light-emitting area and the fourth rectangular light-emitting area is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

34. A lidar, characterized in that, The lidar includes an optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 28, or includes an optical system according to any one of claims 29 to 33.

35. A terminal device, characterized in that, The terminal device includes the lidar according to claim 34.

36. The terminal device according to claim 35, wherein The terminal device is a vehicle.

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