Method and apparatus for controlling transmission power of aerial terminal

Abstract

Proposed is a method for operating a first device (100) in a wireless communication system. The method comprises the steps of: acquiring a parameter for transmission power control; determining transmission power by performing the transmission power control on the basis of the parameter; and performing transmission by using the transmission power. The parameter may be determined on the basis of the altitude of a first device (100).

Description

Method and device for controlling transmission power of an airborne terminal

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Peak data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Max spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully Autonomous vehicles Fully XR Fully Haptic communications Fully

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method may include: obtaining a parameter for transmission power control; determining transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter; and performing transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of a first device.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, cause a first device to: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method may include: receiving a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on a parameter, and wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on a parameter, and wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0011] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 2 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 9 shows a maximum transmission power set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 10 illustrates sounding reference signal resources set according to the altitude of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 11 illustrates an open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and parameters that are set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 12 illustrates a transmission power control procedure that is set differently depending on the altitude range of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 13 illustrates a power control process based on multipath loss measurement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 14 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 15 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Fig. 16 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 17 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 18 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 19 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 20 illustrates a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 21 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0033] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0034] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted identically to "at least one of A and B".

[0035] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0036] Additionally, parentheses used in this specification may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (e.g., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0037] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0038] In this specification, the device obtaining information may include the information being (pre-)set to the device, the information being received from another entity to the device, or the device generating the information.

[0039] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0040] In this specification, higher layer parameters may be parameters that are set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0041] In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being preset to a device.

[0042] The technology proposed in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0043] The technology proposed in this specification can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0044] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0045] New network characteristics in 6G may include:

[0046] - Satellite integrated network

[0047] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is revolutionary, upgrading the wireless evolution from "connected objects" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every stage of the communication process (or at every signal processing step, as described below).

[0048] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer

[0049] - Ubiquitous super 3D connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions of drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will create super 3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0050] Some general requirements for the new network characteristics of 6G, such as the above, may be as follows:

[0051] - small cell networks

[0052] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous network

[0053] - High-capacity backhaul

[0054] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communications is a key feature of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0055] - Softwarization and virtualization

[0056] Below, the core implementation technologies of the 6G system are described.

[0057] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0058] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communication with a wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (Sub-THz band) is considered a major portion of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Figure 2 illustrates the electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0059] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0060] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0061] - Optical wireless technology

[0062] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0063] - Quantum communication

[0064] - Cell-free communication

[0065] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0066] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0067] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0068] - Big data analysis

[0069] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0070] - metaverse

[0071] - Block chain

[0072] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will be a key element in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connectivity can be provided using UAV technology. Base stations (BSs) can be installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs may offer specific capabilities not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and controlled mobility. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial communications infrastructure is not economically feasible and sometimes cannot provide services in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle these situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates three fundamental requirements for wireless networks: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support various purposes, such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0073] - Advanced air mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher concept than urban air mobility (UAM), which is an air transportation method available in urban areas, and can refer to a means of transportation that includes movement between regional hubs as well as within urban areas.

[0074] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication. Fast transmission speeds and low-latency technologies are essential to maximize autonomous driving performance and ensure high safety. Furthermore, in the future, autonomous driving will go beyond simply providing warnings or guidance messages to drivers and may require active intervention in vehicle operation and direct control of the vehicle in dangerous situations. To this end, the amount of information that needs to be transmitted and received may become enormous, so 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0075] - Non-terrestrial networks (NTN): NTN may refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerative payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, a satellite (or UAS platform) may create a service link with a UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) may be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite may be connected to a data network via the gateway. A beam footprint may refer to an area where a signal transmitted by a satellite can be received. Referring to Figure 4, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a UE can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on the playback payload, a satellite can be connected to a data network through another satellite and the gateway. If an ISL does not exist between a satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figures 3 and 4 are merely examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios.For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may implement a transparent or regenerative (with onboard processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams over a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered. For example, a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to equipping the satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0076] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, e.g., a sensing operation, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 5 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 5 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0077] The layers of the radio interface protocol between the terminal and the network can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), and L3 (layer 3) based on the three lower layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard model, which is widely known in communication systems. Among these, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 provides an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer located in layer 3 controls radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0078] The physical layer provides information transmission services to higher layers using physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the upper layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, via a transport channel. Data travels between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transport channels are classified based on how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface.

[0079] Data travels between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver, via a physical channel. This physical channel can be modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.

[0080] The MAC layer provides services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. The MAC layer provides mapping from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. Furthermore, the MAC layer provides logical channel multiplexing, which maps multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC sublayer provides data transmission services on logical channels.

[0081] The RLC layer performs the concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). To guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0082] The RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels, related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. RB refers to a logical path provided by Layer 1 (physical layer or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.

[0083] The functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane include the transmission of user data, header compression, and ciphering. The functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane include the transmission of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0084] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. It performs mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers, marking QoS flow identifiers (IDs) within downlink and uplink packets, and more.

[0085] Establishing a Radio Bearer (RB) refers to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. RBs can be further divided into two types: the Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB) and the Data Radio Bearer (DRB). The SRB is used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while the DRB is used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0086] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in the RRC_CONNECTED state. Otherwise, it is in the RRC_IDLE state. For NR, the RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain a connection with the core network while releasing the connection with the base station.

[0087] Downlink transmission channels that transmit data from the network to the terminal include the Broadcast Channel (BCH), which transmits system information, and the downlink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services may be transmitted through the downlink SCH or a separate downlink Multicast Channel (MCH). Meanwhile, uplink transmission channels that transmit data from the terminal to the network include the Random Access Channel (RACH), which transmits initial control messages, and the uplink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages.

[0088] Logical channels that are located above the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH).

[0089] Radio frames can be used for uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame can contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe can be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot can contain 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0090] When normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. When extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0091] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is an example.

[0092] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0093] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0094] Referring to FIG. 6, a slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain.

[0095] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) can be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) can be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((Physical) Resource Blocks) in the frequency domain, and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through activated BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

[0096] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) can be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for a given numerology. A PRB can be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0097] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0098] Referring to Figure 7, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other. Furthermore, a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0099] BWP is point A, offset from point A (N startBWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0100] SLSS (Sidelink Synchronization Signal) is a SL (sidelink) specific sequence and may include PSSS (Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal) and SSSS (Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal). The PSSS may be referred to as S-PSS (Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal) and the SSSS may be referred to as S-SSS (Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal). For example, length-127 M-sequences may be used for S-PSS and length-127 Gold sequences may be used for S-SSS. For example, a terminal may detect an initial signal (signal detection) and obtain synchronization using S-PSS. For example, the terminal can obtain detailed synchronization using S-PSS and S-SSS and detect a synchronization signal ID.

[0101] PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel) may be a (broadcast) channel that transmits basic (system) information that a terminal must know first before transmitting or receiving an SL signal. For example, the basic information may be information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), TDD UL / DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink / Downlink) configuration, resource pool-related information, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, in order to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the payload size of PSBCH may be 56 bits, including a 24-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).

[0102] S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH may be included in a block format supporting periodic transmission (e.g., SL SS (Synchronization Signal) / PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)). The S-SSB may have the same numerology (e.g., SCS and CP length) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) / PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth may be within a (pre-)configured SL BWP (Sidelink BWP). For example, the bandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 RBs (Resource Blocks). For example, the PSBCH may span 11 RBs. And, the frequency location of the S-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection in the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0103] In this specification, PSCCH may be replaced by a control channel, a physical control channel, a sidelink-related control channel, a sidelink-related physical control channel, etc. In this specification, PSSCH may be replaced by a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a sidelink-related shared channel, a sidelink-related physical shared channel, etc.

[0104] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0105] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 1, the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first terminal. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0106] For example, a first terminal may receive information related to a dynamic grant (DG) resource and / or information related to a configured grant (CG) resource from a base station. For example, a CG resource may include a CG type 1 resource or a CG type 2 resource. In this specification, a DG resource may be a resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via downlink control information (DCI). In this specification, a CG resource may be a (periodic) resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via DCI and / or an RRC message. For example, in the case of a CG type 1 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal. For example, in the case of a CG type 2 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal, and the base station may transmit a DCI related to activation or release of the CG resource to the first terminal.

[0107] In step S810, the first terminal may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to the second terminal based on the resource scheduling. In step S820, the first terminal may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) may be received from the second terminal via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first terminal may transmit / report HARQ feedback information to the base station via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a rule set in advance. For example, the DCI may be DCI for scheduling SL.

[0108] Referring to (b) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 2, the terminal can determine SL transmission resources within SL resources set by the base station / network or preset SL resources. For example, the set SL resources or preset SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the terminal can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the terminal can perform SL communication by selecting resources by itself within the set resource pool. For example, the terminal can select resources by itself within a selection window by performing sensing and resource (re)selection procedures. For example, the sensing can be performed on a subchannel basis. For example, in step S810, the first terminal that has selected resources by itself within the resource pool transmits PSCCH (e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1) using the resources. st -stage SCI) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S820, the first terminal transmits the PSSCH (e.g., 2) related to the PSCCH. nd -stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal.

[0109] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, for example, a first terminal may transmit an SCI to a second terminal on a PSCCH. Or, for example, the first terminal may transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to the second terminal on the PSCCH and / or the PSSCH. In this case, the second terminal may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first terminal. In the present specification, an SCI transmitted on a PSCCH is 1 st SCI, 1st SCI, 1st -stage SCI or 1 st -stage SCI format, and the SCI transmitted on the PSSCH is 2 nd SCI, 2nd SCI, 2 nd -stage SCI or 2 nd -It can be called a stage SCI format.

[0110] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, in step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH. For example, the first terminal and the second terminal may determine PSFCH resources, and the second terminal may use the PSFCH resources to transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal.

[0111] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in step S840, the first terminal may transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0112] Recently, the introduction of a (future) air mobility (e.g., advanced air mobility; AAM) system encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) is being actively discussed.

[0113] For example, air mobility (e.g., AAM) can refer to urban aviation based on transportation vehicles such as air taxis that support vertical takeoff and landing. For example, air mobility (e.g., AAM) can refer to transportation vehicles (or terminals equipped therewith) that are capable of vertical movement and can perform communications (or are equipped with devices capable of performing communications).

[0114] Here, support for new mobile communication scenarios based on the aforementioned air mobility (e.g., AAM) is also being actively discussed. For example, new scenarios such as air-to-ground communication, where airborne terminals communicate with ground base stations, and air-to-air communication, where airborne terminals communicate with each other, may be introduced.

[0115] Here, a new type of interference environment may occur depending on the scenarios of air-to-ground communication and / or air-to-air communication. For example, a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) signal transmitted by an air terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the air terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) signal transmitted by an air terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the air terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) signal transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference).

[0116] Or, for example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL (downlink) communication) signal transmitted by a (terrestrial) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) interference to other airborne terminals other than terminals served by the (terrestrial) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) signal transmitted by a (terrestrial) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) interference to other airborne terminals other than terminals served by the (terrestrial) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminals served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference).

[0117] Here, to mitigate the above interference effects, terminal transmission power control in a three-dimensional space including the air (or vertical direction) may be required. Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a method and device for controlling transmission power of an aerial terminal that takes into account interference effects in the air and / or on the ground.

[0118] Hereinafter, "transmitting a resource" may mean performing a transmission via (or using) a related resource. And / or, hereafter, "transmitting a resource" may mean transmitting information about a related resource.

[0119] [Proposal #01]

[0120] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station (or a network) sets an (independent) (maximum) transmission power for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal, and the terminal can perform a power control process based on the (independent) (maximum) transmission power for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal according to the settings and / or instructions of the base station (or the network).

[0121] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a specific type of terminal. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or moving vertically), such as a UAV.

[0122] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. Alternatively, the aerial terminal may be mounted on an object that takes off from the ground and moves through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may include a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered in which a transmission power control process for the aerial terminal (or to be performed by the aerial terminal) is operated differently according to the properties of the aerial terminal, such as (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0123] For example, the transmission power control process may be operated (or performed) differently depending on the altitude of the aerial terminal. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to a ground-to-ground communication environment, and the same transmission power control process may be applied to the aerial terminal as to the ground terminal. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to an air-to-ground communication environment, and a different transmission power control process may be applied to the aerial terminal than to the ground terminal.

[0124] For example, the maximum transmission power at each altitude of an airborne terminal (e.g., P CMAX And / or configured maximum output power (etc.). For example, when the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than the threshold value), the maximum transmission power may be set relatively higher (than the reference value, or when the altitude is higher (than the threshold value)), and when the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than the threshold value), the maximum transmission power may be set relatively lower (than the reference value, or when the altitude is lower (than the threshold value)). Here, the maximum transmission power constraint at the high altitude may alleviate the air-ground interference impact.

[0125] Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a method is proposed in which a base station (or a network) sets an (independent) maximum transmission power for each (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction, and the terminal performs a power control process based on the (independent) maximum transmission power for each (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction according to the base station (or network) settings / instructions.

[0126] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, there may be an advantage in that interference influences on the ground and / or in the air can be controlled by setting the maximum transmission power for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction (of the terminal).

[0127] FIG. 9 illustrates a maximum transmission power set differently depending on the altitude range of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0128] Referring to FIG. 9, a UAV terminal, described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure, is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move vertically, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range, which are distinguished as threshold altitudes.

[0129] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is within the first altitude range, the maximum transmission power of the UAV terminal may be set to P1. For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is within the second altitude range, the maximum transmission power of the UAV terminal may be set to P2. For example, P2 may be lower than P1.

[0130] For example, the maximum transmission power according to the altitude of the UAV terminal can be set by the base station.

[0131] In this embodiment, the maximum transmission power is distinguished only based on the altitude of the terminal. However, in other embodiments, the altitude of the terminal may be extended to include the terminal's path, moving (or moving) speed / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, in this embodiment, the altitude range is divided into only two, but the altitude range may also be extended to three or more numbers.

[0132] The above [Proposal #01] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0133] [Proposal #02]

[0134] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station (or a network) sets an (independent) path loss measurement and / or a reference signal for path loss measurement for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal), and the terminal can perform an (independent) path loss measurement and / or a reference signal for path loss measurement for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal) and / or a (transmission) power control process based on the (transmission) power control according to the setting and / or instruction of the base station (or the network).

[0135] Here, the base station can transmit to the terminal information related to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction range that will distinguish the path loss measurement. For example, the base station can transmit to the terminal information related to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction range that will distinguish the path loss measurement (boundary values ​​of each range, indices associated with each range, etc.).

[0136] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a specific type of terminal. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or moving vertically), such as a UAV.

[0137] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may include a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered in which a transmission power control process for the aerial terminal is operated differently according to the properties of the aerial terminal, such as (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0138] For example, the transmission power control process may be operated (or performed) differently depending on the altitude. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to a ground-to-ground communication environment, and the same transmission power control process as that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed) to the aerial terminal. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to an air-to-ground communication environment, and a different transmission power control process as that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed) to the aerial terminal.

[0139] Here, in order to operate the transmission power control process, corresponding path loss measurement may be a prerequisite. Therefore, in order to support the transmission power control process according to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal), path loss measurement according to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal) may be supported.

[0140] For example, when the altitude-dependent transmission power control process is independently operated (or performed), the altitude-dependent path loss between the base station (or network) and the terminal must be able to be measured. Here, the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction-dependent path loss measurements (of the terminal) may be measured using the same path loss measurement reference signal resource, or may be measured using (different) path loss measurement reference signals (of the terminal) for the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0141] For example, in the former case, the terminal may perform path loss measurement separately by altitude, path, moving (velocity) / direction, and / or beam direction, while using the same reference signal for path loss measurement.

[0142] Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a method is proposed in which a base station (or a network) sets a reference signal for path loss measurement and / or path loss measurement for (independent) path loss measurement for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal, and the terminal performs a power control process based on a reference signal for path loss measurement for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal according to the setting and / or instruction of the base station (or the network).

[0143] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, by setting a path loss measurement and / or a reference signal for path loss measurement according to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal), the process of controlling transmission power according to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal) is supported, and thereby, there is an advantage in that interference influence on the ground and / or the air can be controlled.

[0144] The above [Proposal #02] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0145] [Proposal #03]

[0146] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station (or a network) sets (independent) sounding reference signal resources for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal, and the terminal can perform (independent) sounding reference signal resource transmission for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal according to the base station (or network) settings and / or instructions.

[0147] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a specific type of terminal. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or moving vertically), such as a UAV.

[0148] Here, the (independent) sounding reference signal resources for the (terminal) altitude, path, moving (velocity) / direction, and / or beam direction may be resources that are distinguished from each other in the time domain, frequency domain, code domain, and / or sequence domain.

[0149] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal can take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and can fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered in which a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process for the aerial terminal is operated by differentiating it according to the attributes of the aerial terminal, such as (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0150] Here, for the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process, transmission of a sounding reference signal (SRS) may be a prerequisite. Accordingly, in order to support the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process according to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal), transmission of a sounding reference signal according to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal) may need to be supported. For example, when the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process according to the altitude is independently operated (or performed), the terminal may need to be able to transmit a sounding reference signal resource according to the altitude.

[0151] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method in which a base station (or a network) sets (independent) sounding reference signals for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal, and the terminal transmits (independent) sounding reference signals for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal according to the settings / instructions of the base station (or the network). According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, optimal terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) search for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal can be supported during air-ground communication.

[0152] FIG. 10 illustrates sounding reference signal resources set for each terminal altitude according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0153] Referring to FIG. 10, a UAV terminal, described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure, is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move vertically, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range, which are distinguished as threshold altitudes.

[0154] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is within a first altitude range, the resource to be used by the UAV terminal to transmit a sounding reference signal (e.g., SRS) may be a first reference signal resource. For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is within a second altitude range, the resource to be used by the UAV terminal to transmit a sounding reference signal (e.g., SRS) may be a second reference signal resource. For example, the first reference signal resource and the second reference signal resource may be different.

[0155] For example, sounding reference signal (e.g., SRS) resources that are set differently depending on the altitude of the UAV terminal can be set by the base station.

[0156] In the present embodiment, reference signal resources for transmitting sounding reference signals (e.g., SRS) are distinguished only based on the altitude of the terminal. However, in other embodiments, the altitude of the terminal may be extended to include the terminal's path, moving (or moving) speed / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, in the present embodiment, the altitude range is divided into only two, but the altitude range may also be extended to a number of three or more.

[0157] The above [Proposal #03] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0158] [Proposal #04]

[0159] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a base station (or a network) sets an (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC; open-loop power control) formula and / or parameter for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal), and the terminal performs a (transmission) power control process based on the (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameter for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal) according to the base station (or network) setting and / or instruction.

[0160] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a specific type of terminal. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or moving vertically), such as a UAV.

[0161] Here, the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) parameters may include reference signal transmission power, target reception power, and / or path loss compensation coefficients.

[0162] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal can take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and can fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method of operating a transmission power control process for the aerial terminal by differentiating it according to the properties of the aerial terminal, such as (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction, may be considered.

[0163] For example, the transmission power control process may be operated (or performed) differently depending on the altitude. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to a ground-to-ground communication environment, and the same transmission power control process as that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed). For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to an air-to-ground communication environment, and a different transmission power control process as that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed).

[0164] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters may be set for each altitude. For example, when the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters applied to ground terminals may be applied (at the aerial terminal) in the same manner. For example, when the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), different formulas and / or parameters from the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters applied to ground terminals may be applied (at the aerial terminal).

[0165] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), for the purpose of limiting the interference influence according to the LOS (line of sight) channel environment (the number of cells securing LOS increases as the altitude of the aerial terminal increases), a specific path loss value (e.g., PL) corresponding to a specific distance and / or radius TH ) after that (for example, the path loss value is PL TH In the case where the transmit power is equal to or higher than , an open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula can be provided (or applied) in the form of a larger reduction rate of the transmit power.

[0166] Alternatively, for example, in the above case, the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) parameters, such as the reference signal transmission power, the target reception power, and / or the path loss compensation factor, may be changed to restrict the transmission power to be reduced at high altitudes. For example, if the path loss measured by the terminal is equal to or greater than a path loss threshold corresponding to a specific radius (or set for a specific radius), the transmission power control process may be operated (or set) such that the transmission power is set to 0 or a (pre-)set and / or (pre-)promised minimum transmission power value. Here, the path loss threshold may be pre-promised or may be (pre-)set by the base station (or the network).

[0167] Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a method is proposed in which a base station (or a network) sets an (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameter for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal), and the terminal performs a power control process based on the (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameter for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal) according to the base station (or network) setting / instruction.

[0168] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the effect of mitigating interference influences from the air and / or the ground can be achieved by adjusting the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameters according to the altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal).

[0169] FIG. 11 illustrates an open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and parameters that are set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0170] Referring to FIG. 11, a UAV terminal, described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure, is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move vertically, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range, which are distinguished as threshold altitudes.

[0171] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is within the first altitude range, the UAV terminal may determine the transmission power based on the first open-loop power control formula using P0(1) and α(1). For example, according to the first open-loop power control formula, the transmission power may include "P0(1) + α(1) * path loss."

[0172] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is within the second altitude range, the UAV terminal may determine the transmission power based on the second open-loop power control formula using P0(2) and α(2). For example, according to the second open-loop power control formula, the transmission power may include "P0(2) + α(2) * path loss."

[0173] For example, the open-loop power control formula applied according to the altitude of the UAV terminal and the coefficients applicable thereto can be set by the base station.

[0174] Although in this embodiment, the open-loop power control formula and its associated parameters are distinguished only based on the terminal's altitude, in other embodiments, the terminal's altitude may be extended to include the terminal's path, moving (or moving) velocity / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, in this embodiment, the altitude range is divided into only two, but the altitude range may also be extended to three or more.

[0175] The above [Proposal #04] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0176] [Proposal #05]

[0177] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for a base station (or a network) to set an (independent) (transmission) power control process for each (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction, and to transmit one or more of the following information as related setting information

[0178] (1) Information on whether a (transmit) power control process is applied based on the (terminal's) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, information on whether a (specific) (transmit) power control process is applied based on the (terminal's) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0179] (2) Identification information for the (transmit) power control process according to the (terminal's) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, information related to identification information for a (specific) (transmit) power control process to be applied according to the (terminal's) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, a (transmit) power control process may be associated with specific identification information according to the process.

[0180] Here, the terminal can perform an altitude and / or path-specific (independent) power control process according to the base station (or network) settings.

[0181] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a specific type of terminal. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or moving vertically), such as a UAV.

[0182] Here, if a (transmit) power control process for a specific (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction is not specified for the terminal, the terminal may apply (or perform) a (transmit) power control process specified as a pre-arranged and / or default option.

[0183] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service for an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal can take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and can fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method of operating a transmission power control process for the aerial terminal (or to be used for a transmission operation of the aerial terminal) by differentiating it according to the attributes of the aerial terminal, such as (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction, may be considered.

[0184] Here, the base station (or network) can inform the terminal whether to apply an (independent) transmission power control process based on the terminal's altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, the base station (or network) can set a single transmission power control process that does not distinguish between altitudes for the terminal, or an (independent) transmission power control process based on altitude.

[0185] Here, for example, the base station (or network) can transmit (together) identification information for identifying the transmission power control process for each altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction of the (terminal) to the terminal. For example, the base station (or network) can transmit an altitude-specific transmission power control identifier to the terminal, and the terminal can apply (or perform) a transmission power control process corresponding to the transmission power control identifier that is specific to (or related to) the altitude based on the altitude information measured and / or reported by the terminal.

[0186] Here, for example, if the terminal is not designated a (transmission) power control process for a specific altitude, the terminal may apply (or perform) a (transmission) power control process that has been agreed upon in advance with the base station (or network) and / or designated as a default option.

[0187] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, an (independent) (transmission) power control process can be clearly identified and operated (or performed) between a base station (or network) and a terminal (of the terminal) depending on altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0188] FIG. 12 illustrates a transmission power control procedure that is set differently depending on the altitude range of a terminal, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0189] Referring to FIG. 12, a UAV terminal, described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure, is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move vertically, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range, which are distinguished as threshold altitudes.

[0190] For example, when the altitude of the UAV terminal is included in a first altitude range, the UAV terminal may perform a power control operation based on a power control procedure specifically set for the first altitude range. For example, when the altitude of the UAV terminal is included in a second altitude range, the UAV terminal may perform a power control operation based on a power control procedure specifically set for the second altitude range. For example, the power control procedure specifically set for the first altitude range and the power control procedure specifically set for the second altitude range may be different.

[0191] For example, power control procedures that are specifically set for each altitude range that the UAV terminal's altitude can fall into can be set by the base station.

[0192] While in this embodiment the power control procedure is differentiated solely based on the altitude of the terminal, in other embodiments the altitude of the terminal may be extended to include the terminal's path, movement (or) velocity / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, while in this embodiment the altitude range is divided into only two, the altitude range may also be extended to a number of three or more.

[0193] The above [Proposal #05] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0194] [Proposal #06]

[0195] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a multi-path loss measurement-based (transmission) power control method may be provided, in which a base station (or a network) sets a plurality of reference signal resource(s) for path loss measurement for a (single) (transmission) power control process to a terminal, the terminal derives a corresponding target (transmission) power and / or a maximum (transmission) power for each path loss, and determines a final transmission power based on the plurality of target (transmission) powers and / or the maximum (transmission) power according to a setting and / or instruction of the base station (or the network).

[0196] Here, the terminal can determine the final (transmit) power based on the target (transmit) power(s) and / or the maximum (transmit) power(s) by one or more of the following (or, through one or more of the following, or, using one or more of the following):

[0197] (1) Minimum of target (transmission) power(s) and / or maximum (transmission) power(s);

[0198] (2) The maximum of the target (transmission) power(s) and / or the maximum (transmission) power(s).

[0199] (3) Average value of target (transmission) power(s) and / or maximum (transmission) power(s);

[0200] Here, the base station (or network) can set whether to apply a multipath loss measurement-based power control method to the terminal. For example, the multipath loss measurement-based power control method can be independently set for each of the terminal's altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0201] Here, the base station (or network) can set an (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameter for each path loss to derive a corresponding target (transmission) power and / or maximum (transmission) power for each path loss. For example, for a path loss with a serving cell, an open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameter that considers reception performance can be set, and for a path loss with an adjacent cell, an open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameter that considers interference influence can be set. Here, the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) parameter can include a reference signal transmission power, a target reception power, and / or a path loss compensation coefficient, etc.

[0202] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal or the like, and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0203] Here, for example, when the aerial terminal flies at an altitude higher than a certain level, depending on the characteristics of the LOS channel environment (the number of cells securing LOS increases as the altitude of the aerial terminal increases), the signal transmitted by the aerial terminal may interfere with, cause interference with, or be interference to multiple adjacent cell(s) other than the serving cell.

[0204] Here, the base station (or network) may be configured to apply (or perform) a (transmission) power control process to the air terminal based on multipath loss measurements for (potential) multiple links that may be affected by the air terminal. For example, the base station (or network) may be configured to measure path loss with respect to the serving cell (hereinafter referred to as first path loss) and / or path loss with respect to adjacent cell(s) (hereinafter referred to as second path loss).

[0205] Here, the terminal can derive a transmission power target value (from a reception performance perspective) based on the first path loss, and derive a transmission power constraint (e.g., a transmission power upper limit value) based on the second path loss. Here, the terminal can determine the final transmission power by considering both the transmission power target value and the transmission power constraint (e.g., a transmission power upper limit value). For example, the terminal can select a transmission power corresponding to a minimum value between the transmission power target value and the transmission power constraint (e.g., a transmission power upper limit value).

[0206] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, transmission power setting that takes into account both transmission performance to the serving cell and interference impact to adjacent cell(s) can be supported.

[0207] FIG. 13 illustrates a power control process based on multipath loss measurement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0208] Referring to FIG. 13, a UAV terminal described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure is shown. The UAV terminal may be a terminal receiving service from a first cell.

[0209] For example, the UAV terminal may transmit a reference signal for each cell for which path loss is to be measured in order to perform a power control process based on multipath loss measurement. For example, the path loss between the UAV terminal and the first cell may be PL1. For example, the path loss between the UAV terminal and the second cell may be PL2. For example, the path loss between the UAV terminal and the third cell may be PL3.

[0210] For example, the target transmission power for PL1 may be determined as P1. For example, the target transmission power for PL2 may be determined as P2. For example, the target transmission power for PL3 may be determined as P3.

[0211] Here, the UAV terminal can determine the minimum value among the target transmission powers for PL1 to PL3 as the final transmission power, and perform a transmission operation based on this.

[0212] The above [Proposal #06] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0213] [Proposal #07]

[0214] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a base station (or a network) sets a (maximum) transmission power for each interference intensity to a terminal, and the terminal applies the (maximum) transmission power for each interference intensity according to the base station (or network) setting.

[0215] Here, the terminal can determine the (actual) transmission power according to a power control process (preliminarily) agreed upon and / or set with the base station (or network) within the final determined (maximum) transmission power.

[0216] Here, for example, the interference intensity may be measured at the base station (or network) and then transmitted to the terminal, or the terminal may directly measure the interference intensity through a sensing process. For example, the interference intensity may refer to the intensity of interference that an airborne terminal provides (or exerts) on a ground terminal and / or a ground base station.

[0217] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal or the like, and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0218] Here, the above-mentioned aerial terminal can measure the interference intensity from the ground terminal and / or the ground base station, and control the transmission power according to the interference intensity. For example, the base station (or network) can set the (maximum) transmission power for the terminal according to the interference intensity, and the terminal can apply the (maximum) transmission power according to the interference intensity according to the settings of the base station (or network).

[0219] Here, for example, the terminal can transmit a signal with (actual) transmission power according to the power control process within the above (maximum) transmission power. Here, if the terminal does not receive the (maximum) transmission power value for each interference intensity through the base station (or network) settings, a preset and / or pre-agreed value can be applied.

[0220] For example, in the case of the proposed method of the present disclosure, (maximum) transmission power control according to channel congestion, etc. may be supported, thereby mitigating the influence of interference in the air and / or on the ground.

[0221] The above [Proposal #07] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0222] [Proposal #08]

[0223] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a base station (or a network) allows a terminal to perform distance-based path loss measurement when measuring path loss for a specific path, and the terminal performs distance-based path loss measurement and / or calculation according to a setting and / or instruction of the base station (or the network).

[0224] Here, for example, the distance-based path loss measurement and / or calculation may be a path loss measurement and / or calculation method that utilizes the locations of nodes associated with the path, the distance between nodes, and / or some measurement results for the path.

[0225] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal or the like, and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0226] Here, when the aerial terminal performs path loss measurement for a specific path for purposes such as a transmission power control process, the aerial terminal can generally measure the path loss using a reference signal resource for path loss measurement. Here, when the aerial terminal flies above a certain altitude, the number of cells affected by interference due to signal transmission of the terminal may be very large due to the LOS channel environment (a characteristic in which the number of cells securing LOS increases as the altitude of the aerial terminal increases).

[0227] Accordingly, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal can measure path loss for multiple paths with respect to a corresponding cell(s) and then perform (transmission) power control utilizing the multipath loss information. For example, the airborne terminal can perform transmission power control that takes into account both reception performance in the serving cell and interference influence in adjacent cells by utilizing the multipath loss information.

[0228] Here, for example, the process of measuring each path loss for multiple paths can be computationally and complexity-intensive for the terminal. If the airborne terminal's channel environment is assumed to be a LOS channel environment, the path loss can be predicted based on distance. Therefore, path loss for some paths can be replaced with distance-based path loss calculations and / or measurements.

[0229] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the path loss between an airborne terminal and cell(s) having a LOS channel environment can be predicted with low cost and / or low complexity, thereby supporting a transmission power control process that takes into account both reception performance and / or interference influence.

[0230] The above [Proposal #08] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) to the extent that the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0231] [Proposal #09]

[0232] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided for performing (independent) interference information exchange between a base station (or a network) and a terminal and / or between terminals (of a terminal) by altitude, path, moving (velocity) / direction, and / or beam direction, wherein the interference information includes at least one or more of the following information.

[0233] (1) RNTP(Relative Narrowband TX Power)

[0234] (2) HII (High-Interference Indicator)

[0235] (3) OI (Overload Indicator)

[0236] (4) Time and / or frequency resource information using high transmission power;

[0237] (5) Information on time and / or frequency resources subject to high interference;

[0238] (6) Transmission power information by time and / or frequency resource

[0239] (7) Information on (measured) interference magnitude by time and / or frequency resource;

[0240] Here, the high and low levels of the transmission power and / or interference may be based on (pre-)promised and / or (pre-)set thresholds. For example, given a specific threshold, a case where the transmission power and / or interference is higher than the threshold may be defined as "high," and a case where the transmission power and / or interference is lower than the threshold may be defined as "low."

[0241] For example, a high transmit power and / or interference may mean that the transmit power and / or interference is higher than a (pre-)promised and / or (pre-)set threshold, and a low transmit power and / or interference may mean that the transmit power and / or interference is lower than a (pre-)promised and / or (pre-)set threshold.

[0242] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides a service to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal or the like, and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0243] Here, in the aerial environment, the interference pattern / environment experienced by the terminal may vary depending on the terminal's altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, if the aerial terminal is located at a low altitude, it may be primarily affected by interference from the ground service target base station(s), and if the aerial terminal is located at a high altitude, it may be primarily affected by interference from the air service target base station(s). Here, the base station (or network) and / or the terminal(s) may exchange altitude-specific interference information and / or interference coordination-related information.

[0244] In view of the above, the present disclosure proposes a method for performing (independent) interference information exchange between a base station (or network) and a terminal and / or between terminals (of the terminal) by altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction, wherein the interference information includes at least one or more of the following information.

[0245] (1) RNTP(Relative Narrowband TX Power))

[0246] (2) HII (High-Interference Indicator)

[0247] (3) OI (Overload Indicator)

[0248] (4) Time and / or frequency resource information using high transmission power;

[0249] (5) Information on time and / or frequency resources subject to high interference;

[0250] (6) Transmission power information by time and / or frequency resource

[0251] (7) Information on (measured) interference magnitude by time and / or frequency resource;

[0252] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, exchange of interference information and / or interference coordination information optimized for interference patterns / environments according to (terminal) altitude, path, moving (a)speed / direction, and / or beam direction is supported, and thereby the effectiveness of interference coordination (IC) can be improved.

[0253] The above [Proposal #09] can be applied in combination with other proposed method(s) as long as the operation of the disclosure does not conflict.

[0254] The above proposed method can be applied to the device described below. First, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal (200) can set at least one partial bandwidth (e.g., BWP; bandwidth part). Then, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal (200) can control the transceiver (206) of the receiving terminal (200) to receive a physical channel related to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication; sidelink communication) and / or a reference signal related to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) from the transmitting terminal (100) on at least one partial bandwidth (e.g., BWP).

[0255] Objects moving in the air, such as unmanned aerial mobility (UAM) and / or drones, can also perform communications, and since objects moving in the air secure multiple lines of sight (LOS) with other communicating objects, they can also secure LOS with multiple base stations among existing ground base stations, which may mean that terminal-to-base station communication (or base station-to-terminal communication) performed in individual cell-related communications may cause significant interference to other cells. For example, interference occurring in a communication operation may mean the degree of disruption that an entity that is not intended to receive a performed transmission may cause to the reception operation of a scheduled transmission when the performed transmission is received by that entity while performing a monitoring operation to receive another scheduled transmission.

[0256] For example, an advanced air mobility (AAM) system that encompasses the UAM, regional air mobility (RAM), unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), etc. may be provided, and AAM may refer to urban aviation based on mobility means such as air taxis that support vertical takeoff and landing. For example, methods and / or devices related to air-to-ground communication in which airborne terminals and ground base stations communicate, air-to-air communication in which airborne terminals communicate with each other, etc. may be provided.

[0257] Here, a new type of interference environment may occur depending on the scenario of air-to-ground communication and / or air-to-air communication. For example, a terminal-to-base station (e.g., uplink) signal transmitted by an airborne terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base stations (or cells) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the airborne terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). Or, for example, a base station-to-terminal (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal (e.g., downlink) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminal served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). Here, in order to mitigate the above interference effects, terminal transmission power control in a three-dimensional space where the air (or altitude) is taken into account may be required.

[0258] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a parameter used for transmission power control may be determined (differently from a parameter used for power control of a ground terminal) according to the altitude of the terminal. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for (supporting) transmission power control according to altitude, path, and / or beam direction may be provided for air-ground interference coordination in a communication system. For example, the proposed method may include a method for setting / defining (maximum) transmission power according to altitude, path, and / or beam direction, and determining transmission power within the (maximum) transmission power, a method for measuring path loss according to altitude, path, and / or beam direction, and setting (independent) open-loop power control parameters / formulas (or formulas) according to altitude, path, and / or beam direction, and / or a method for transmitting interference information according to altitude, path, and / or beam direction, etc. In addition, the method may include a method for controlling transmission power of a terminal based on multipath loss measurement within a single transmission power control process, and a method for controlling transmission power of a terminal according to interference measurement and interference strength.

[0259] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, there may be an effect of enabling overall communication to be performed efficiently by controlling interference that may occur to other communications depending on the altitude of the aerial terminal.

[0260] FIG. 14 illustrates a procedure of a method that may be performed by a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0261] Referring to FIG. 14, in step S1410, the first device can obtain parameters for transmission power control. In step S1420, the first device can determine transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameters. In step S1430, the first device can perform transmission using the transmission power. For example, the parameters can be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0262] For example, the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0263] For example, the transmission power control includes a decision operation for determining a method of determining a sounding reference signal resource, and the method of determining the sounding reference signal resource may be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0264] For example, the transmission power control includes a decision operation for an open-loop power control formula to be applied, and the open-loop power control formula can be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0265] For example, additionally, the first device may receive information for controlling the transmission power from the base station. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the parameter and the information for controlling the transmission power.

[0266] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include information related to whether the transmission power control is performed according to the altitude of the first device.

[0267] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include identification information for a transmission power control method related to the transmission power control.

[0268] For example, additionally, the first device may determine a transmission power control method to be applied based on the altitude of the first device and the identification information. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the determined transmission power control method.

[0269] For example, the first device may be a vertically movable device.

[0270] For example, the transmit power control may include a power control scheme based on measurement of multipath loss.

[0271] For example, the maximum transmission power of the first device may be different depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0272] For example, the transmission power control may include: receiving altitude-dependent interference information from a base station; and determining the transmission power based on the parameter and the altitude-dependent interference information.

[0273] The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can obtain a parameter for transmission power control. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can determine the transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to perform transmission using the transmission power. For example, the parameter can be determined based on the altitude of the first device (100).

[0274] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0275] For example, the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0276] For example, the transmission power control includes a decision operation for determining a method of determining a sounding reference signal resource, and the method of determining the sounding reference signal resource may be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0277] For example, the transmission power control includes a decision operation for an open-loop power control formula to be applied, and the open-loop power control formula can be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0278] For example, additionally, the instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: receive information for the transmission power control from the base station. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the parameter and the information for the transmission power control.

[0279] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include information related to whether the transmission power control is performed according to the altitude of the first device.

[0280] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include identification information for a transmission power control method related to the transmission power control.

[0281] For example, additionally, the instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to determine a transmission power control scheme to be applied based on the altitude of the first device and the identification information. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the determined transmission power control scheme.

[0282] For example, the first device may be a vertically movable device.

[0283] For example, the transmit power control may include a power control scheme based on measurement of multipath loss.

[0284] For example, the maximum transmission power of the first device may be different depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0285] For example, the transmission power control may include: receiving altitude-dependent interference information from a base station; and determining the transmission power based on the parameter and the altitude-dependent interference information.

[0286] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0287] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, cause a first device to: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing the transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0288] FIG. 15 illustrates a procedure of a method that may be performed by a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0289] Referring to FIG. 15, in step S1510, the second device may receive a transmission from the first device. For example, the transmission may be transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on a parameter, and the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0290] For example, the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0291] The above-described embodiment can be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive a transmission from the first device (100). For example, the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on a parameter, and the parameter can be determined based on the altitude of the first device (100).

[0292] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on a parameter, and wherein the parameter may be determined based on an altitude of the first device.

[0293] For example, the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0294] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0295] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0296] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0297] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0298] Fig. 16 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Fig. 16 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0299] Referring to FIG. 16, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0300] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0301] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0302] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0303] FIG. 17 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0304] Referring to FIG. 17, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 16.

[0305] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0306] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0307] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0308] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0309] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0310] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0311] FIG. 18 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 18 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0312] Referring to FIG. 18, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 18 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 17. The hardware elements of FIG. 18 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 17. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 17. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 17, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 17.

[0313] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 18. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal may be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0314] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0315] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0316] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 18. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 17) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0317] Figure 19 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 16). The embodiment of Figure 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0318] Referring to FIG. 19, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 17 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and an additional element (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 17. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 17. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0319] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 16, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 16, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 16, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 16, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 16, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 16, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 16, 400), a base station (Fig. 16, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0320] In FIG. 19, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0321] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 19 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0322] FIG. 20 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 20 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0323] Referring to FIG. 20, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 19, respectively.

[0324] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0325] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0326] FIG. 21 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned or unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like. The embodiment of FIG. 21 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0327] Referring to FIG. 21, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 19, respectively.

[0328] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.

[0329] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can irregularly / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. In addition, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to the external server. External servers can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or other technologies based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0330] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In terms of method, A step of obtaining parameters for transmission power control; A step of determining transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the above parameters; and A step of performing transmission using the above transmission power is included, A method wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device.

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

3. In paragraph 1, The above transmission power control includes a decision operation for determining a method of determining a sounding reference signal resource, and A method in which the method of determining the sounding reference signal resource is determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

4. In paragraph 1, The above transmission power control includes a decision operation for the open-loop power control formula to be applied, and A method wherein the open-loop power control formula is determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

5. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of receiving information for controlling the transmission power from a base station, A method wherein the above transmission power control is performed based on the above parameters and information for the transmission power control.

6. In paragraph 5, A method wherein the information for the transmission power control includes information related to whether the transmission power control is performed according to the altitude of the first device.

7. In paragraph 5, A method wherein the information for the above transmission power control includes identification information for a transmission power control method related to the above transmission power control.

8. In paragraph 7, Further comprising a step of determining a transmission power control method to be applied based on the altitude of the first device and the identification information, A method in which the above transmission power control is performed based on the determined transmission power control method.

9. In paragraph 1, A method, wherein the first device is a vertically movable device.

10. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the above transmission power control includes a power control method based on measurement of multipath loss.

11. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the maximum transmission power of the first device is different depending on the altitude of the first device.

12. In paragraph 1, The above transmission power control: A step of receiving altitude-specific interference information from a base station; and A method comprising the step of determining the transmission power based on the above parameters and the altitude-specific interference information.

13. In paragraph 1, A method, wherein the above method is performed by a first device.

14. In the first device, At least one transceiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Obtain parameters for controlling transmission power; By performing the transmission power control based on the above parameters, the transmission power is determined; and To perform transmission using the above transmission power, A first device, wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device.

15. In a processing device set to control the first device, at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Obtain parameters for controlling transmission power; By performing the transmission power control based on the above parameters, the transmission power is determined; and To perform transmission using the above transmission power, A processing device, wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the first device to: Obtain parameters for controlling transmission power; By performing the transmission power control based on the above parameters, the transmission power is determined; and To perform transmission using the above transmission power, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the above parameter is determined based on the altitude of the first device.

17. In the method, Comprising the step of receiving a transmission from a first device, The above transmission is transmitted based on the transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and A method wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device.

18. In paragraph 17, A method wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

19. In the second device, At least one transceiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, The above instructions, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: To receive a transmission from the first device, The above transmission is transmitted based on the transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and A second device, wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device.

20. In paragraph 19, A method wherein the above parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

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