Satellite communication area determination method and user terminal

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a satellite communication area determination method and a user terminal. The method comprises: on the basis of a received real-time satellite signal, acquiring the signal transceiving capability of a satellite and satellite-ground path loss; on the basis of the signal transceiving capability of the satellite and the satellite-ground path loss, and in combination with signal performance data received by a user terminal, determining a threshold value satisfying a current communication link requirement; and on the basis of the threshold value, displaying, at the user terminal, a satellite communication area meeting a threshold value condition.

Description

Satellite communication area determination method and user terminal

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure is based on Chinese patent application CN202311850530.0, filed on December 28, 2023, entitled “Method and User Terminal for Determining Satellite Communicable Area”, and claims the priority of the patent application, and all the contents disclosed therein are incorporated into this disclosure by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a method for determining a satellite communication area and a user terminal. Background Art

[0004] Supporting satellite communication functionality on terminals is a relatively new requirement. Terminals with built-in antennas generally lack the performance of dedicated satellite communication terminals with external antennas, making it challenging to achieve the same performance on a terminal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for determining a satellite communication area and a user terminal, so as to at least solve the problem in the related art that the success rate of satellite communication of the terminal and the user experience cannot be guaranteed when the terminal fails to obtain the satellite-to-ground link status.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for determining a satellite communicable area is provided, which is applied to a user terminal and includes: obtaining the satellite's signal receiving and transmitting capability and satellite-to-ground path loss based on received real-time satellite signals; determining a threshold value that meets current communication link requirements based on the satellite's signal receiving and transmitting capability and the satellite-to-ground path loss, in combination with signal performance data received by the user terminal; and displaying, on the user terminal, the satellite communicable area that meets the threshold value conditions based on the threshold value.

[0007] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a user terminal is provided, comprising: an acquisition module configured to acquire a satellite's signal receiving and transmitting capability and satellite-to-ground path loss based on received real-time satellite signals; a determination module configured to determine a threshold value that meets current communication link requirements based on the satellite's signal receiving and transmitting capability and satellite-to-ground path loss, in combination with signal performance data received by the user terminal; and a display module configured to display, on the user terminal, a satellite communicable area that meets the threshold value conditions based on the threshold value.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is configured to execute the steps of any one of the above method embodiments when running.

[0009] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any one of the above method embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] FIG1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for executing a method for determining a satellite communicable area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0011] FIG2 is a flow chart of determining a satellite communicable area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] FIG3 is a structural block diagram of a user terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] FIG4 is a flow chart of a method for determining a star-pointing angle region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] FIG5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relative positions of a smartphone and an antenna beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] 6 is a flowchart of a method for identifying communication satellites in a satellite signal strength map according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of displaying and operating a satellite signal strength graph on a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] FIG8 is a flow chart of a method for determining and marking a star-pointing angle region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of selecting a star alignment area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] FIG10 is a flow chart of a method for determining and marking a star-pointing angle area according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] This method, mimicking satellite earth station alignment technology, uses a method that aligns the terminal antenna's optimal point with the satellite. Currently, this technology focuses on calculating the spatial orientation of the satellite and guiding the terminal to the optimal alignment. Because the antenna is built into the terminal and its structural state is fixed, the terminal has a unique attitude for alignment with the satellite. This "point-to-point" approach to satellite communication presents the following challenges: Maintaining the terminal's attitude is critical, making satellite tracking difficult and balancing alignment and operational performance poor. It also fails to maintain optimal uplink and downlink performance simultaneously. The terminal lacks visibility into the current satellite-to-ground link status, making successful communication impossible after alignment. In non-geosynchronous orbit satellite communication systems, "point-to-point" tracking of communication satellites is challenging and lacks practical application value.

[0021] While there are currently some solutions to improve the aforementioned issues, these approaches have some significance in improving the terminal's antenna performance and enabling satellite alignment in a variety of postures. However, these solutions also place higher demands on the design and debugging of the terminal antenna in terms of hardware implementation, increasing the space occupied by the antenna within the terminal structure and the complexity of the overall device design, making implementation generally difficult. Furthermore, existing solutions still focus on improving the terminal's own capabilities, but for users, it is still unknown whether the satellite-to-ground link status meets the requirements during use. Therefore, even if these improvements can improve the terminal's own capabilities, they cannot guarantee the success rate of satellite communications. For non-geostationary satellite communication systems, these improvements have no significant effect on alleviating the difficulty of "point-to-point" tracking of communication satellites.

[0022] There are currently several approaches to address these issues. For example, mobile phones might employ multiple antenna switching, using different antennas for different postures. Alternatively, array antennas might be employed to enhance directivity and achieve adjustable radiation angles. Alternatively, strategies might be employed to adjust the radiation pattern within a certain range. While these approaches have some potential for improving mobile phone antenna performance and enabling satellite alignment in a variety of postures, they place higher demands on the design and debugging of mobile phone antennas in hardware implementation. This also increases the internal antenna space occupied by the mobile phone structure, complicating the overall design and making implementation more challenging. Furthermore, for non-geostationary satellite communication systems, these improvements have not significantly reduced the difficulty of satellite tracking.

[0023] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0024] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device. Taking operation on a mobile terminal as an example, FIG1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal that runs the satellite communication area determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG1 , the mobile terminal may include one or more (only one is shown in FIG1 ) processors 102 (the processor 102 may include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 and an input / output device 108 for communication functions. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG1 is merely illustrative and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal. For example, the mobile terminal may also include more or fewer components than those shown in FIG1 , or have a configuration different from that shown in FIG1 .

[0025] Memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as software programs and modules for application software, such as the computer program corresponding to the satellite communication area determination method in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Processor 102 executes the computer programs stored in memory 104 to execute various functional applications and data processing, thereby implementing the aforementioned methods. Memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some embodiments, memory 104 may further include memory remotely located from processor 102, and such remote memory may be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0026] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. A specific example of the aforementioned network may include a wireless network provided by the mobile terminal's communications provider. In one embodiment, the transmission device 106 includes a network interface controller (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices via a base station to enable communication with the Internet. In another embodiment, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0027] Traditional satellite communications involve satellites in geosynchronous orbit, with multiple ground stations located on the ground, their antennas pointed toward the satellite. User terminals access the satellite communication link by connecting to the ground stations. With technological advancements, satellite communication systems operating in medium and low Earth orbits have emerged, and ground equipment (dedicated satellite communication equipment) has also become more handheld.

[0028] Dedicated satellite communication terminals are similar in appearance to traditional land mobile communication terminals. However, compared to current smartphones, which are characterized by their thin bodies and internal antennas, dedicated satellite communication terminals use external antennas. External antennas offer high gain and can even be adjusted, making dedicated satellite communication terminals much more convenient for transmitting and receiving signals and adjusting their posture. Internal antennas, on the other hand, not only have lower gain, but also require adjustment of antenna pointing in conjunction with the smartphone's posture. These limitations significantly limit the use of satellite communication functions on smartphones.

[0029] Based on the need for smartphones to support satellite communication functions and the current situation where smartphones that support satellite communication are limited in their ability to communicate with satellites, the present disclosure provides a method for determining a satellite communication area running on the above-mentioned mobile terminal in an embodiment. This method can achieve a breakthrough in the "point-to-point" satellite communication method in traditional satellite communication technology and overcome the problem that smartphones that support satellite communication are limited in their ability to communicate with satellites. Figure 2 is a flow chart of determining a satellite communication area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method is applied to a user terminal (i.e., a terminal). As shown in Figure 2, the process includes the following steps:

[0030] Step S202: Based on the received real-time satellite signal, the satellite's signal transmission and reception capabilities and satellite-to-ground path loss are obtained.

[0031] Step S204: determining a threshold value that meets current communication link requirements based on the satellite's signal receiving and transmitting capabilities and the satellite-to-ground path loss, in combination with signal performance data received by the user terminal;

[0032] In this embodiment, when a user activates the satellite communication function on a mobile phone (i.e., a user terminal) outdoors, and the mobile phone is positioned and receives communication satellite signals, at least the following satellite information can be obtained based on the received real-time satellite signals: satellite signal transmission and reception capabilities, satellite orbit parameters, and mobile phone location information; and the downlink carrier temperature ratio [C / T] obtained by the mobile phone's radio frequency receiver. d , that is, obtaining the signal performance data received by the user terminal.

[0033] The satellite's signal transceiver capability, i.e., the satellite's radio wave signal transceiver capability, includes: the satellite's maximum effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP) value [EIRP max ] s , the maximum quality factor (G / T) value of the satellite [G / T max ] s, the satellite's onboard demodulation carrier temperature ratio (C / T) threshold [C / T thres ] s ;

[0034] Satellite orbit parameters include: inclination, ascending node, descending node, altitude, subsatellite point, and period;

[0035] Mobile phone location information (i.e. user terminal location information) includes: longitude, latitude, and altitude.

[0036] In this embodiment, the satellite-to-ground path loss is determined based on the satellite orbit parameters and the mobile phone location information, including:

[0037] The satellite-to-ground line-of-sight distance is calculated based on the satellite orbit parameters and the mobile phone position, and the satellite-to-ground path loss is determined based on the satellite-to-ground line-of-sight distance. The satellite-to-ground path loss includes the satellite-to-ground downlink path loss and the satellite-to-ground uplink path loss.

[0038] If the user terminal does not obtain satellite-to-ground link status, it cannot guarantee that satellite communication can be established. Under adverse conditions, even if the user terminal is aligned with the satellite, the satellite-to-ground link status may not necessarily meet the communication establishment requirements. In some cases, even if the user terminal's alignment with the satellite deviates within a certain range, the satellite-to-ground link status may still meet the communication establishment threshold. Therefore, satellite alignment that is not based on satellite-to-ground link status cannot accurately reflect the possibility of satellite communication establishment. This is similar to the situation where, without a signal bar display on a typical mobile phone, the user cannot know whether the current network conditions allow for normal communication. In this situation, the success of communication between the smart terminal and the satellite depends solely on feedback from the satellite or the other user. For user terminals that only support one-way message transmission, the user cannot know not only the likelihood of successful transmission in advance, but also whether the transmission has been successful afterward. This situation is equivalent to: if a mobile phone on a mobile network has no signal display and lacks a delivery receipt function, the user will not be able to determine the success of a text message after sending it. For mobile phones that support two-way communication, although the user can determine the success of the transmission through base station feedback after sending, there is still no way to know the current link status before sending. In this embodiment, when obtaining the threshold value, the satellite's signal transmission and reception performance, satellite-to-ground path loss, etc. are taken into consideration, so that the terminal side determines the satellite communication area while taking into account the satellite-to-ground link status. In this way, the problem of the terminal being unable to guarantee the communication success rate due to failure to obtain the satellite-to-ground link status can be avoided.

[0039] Step S206: Based on the threshold value, the satellite communicable area that meets the threshold value condition is displayed on the user terminal.

[0040] In step S204 of this embodiment, determining a threshold value that meets the current communication link requirements includes: obtaining the satellite's signal transceiver capability, satellite-to-ground downlink path loss, and satellite-to-ground uplink path loss based on the received real-time satellite signal, and determining an uplink threshold value that meets the current communication link requirements in combination with signal performance data received by the user terminal; and / or obtaining the satellite's signal transceiver capability and satellite-to-ground downlink path loss based on the satellite signal, and determining a downlink threshold value that meets the current communication link requirements in combination with the signal performance data received by the user terminal and the user terminal's signal transceiver capability.

[0041] In this embodiment, the signal performance of the user terminal receiving and transmitting includes: the signal performance transmitted by the user terminal and the signal performance received by the user terminal, both of which are real-time physical quantities;

[0042] The signal performance of the user terminal is the physical properties of the radio wave signal transmitted by the user terminal in the direction of the satellite, such as the effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the user terminal in the direction of the satellite's line of sight. e ;

[0043] The signal performance received by the user terminal is the physical properties of the radio wave signal transmitted by the satellite and received by the user terminal receiver, such as the downlink carrier-to-temperature ratio [C / T] mentioned above. d .

[0044] In this embodiment, the radio wave signal transceiving capability of the user terminal (hereinafter referred to as the signal transceiving capability of the user terminal) is an inherent attribute of the user terminal, including: the maximum EIRP value of the user terminal [EIRP max ] e , the maximum G / T value of the user terminal [G / T max ] e , demodulation threshold at the user terminal feed point [C / T thres ] e .

[0045] In step S206 of this embodiment, displaying the satellite communicable area that meets the threshold condition on the user terminal includes: displaying the satellite communicable area that meets the threshold condition on the user terminal through a satellite signal strength map.

[0046] In one embodiment, based on the uplink threshold value, the satellite communication area that meets the uplink threshold value condition is displayed on the user terminal through a satellite signal strength map; and / or, based on the downlink threshold value, the satellite communication area that meets the downlink threshold value condition is displayed on the user terminal through a satellite signal strength map.

[0047] Satellite communications currently utilize frequency division for both uplink and downlink. Mobile phone antennas are generally non-directional, making it difficult to achieve completely consistent directional patterns across different frequency bands. The directions of the maximum gain points in the transmit and receive bands may differ. In particular, when mobile phones use different antennas to transmit and receive satellite signals, the directions of the maximum gain points in the receive and transmit bands differ significantly. In practical applications, it's almost impossible to guarantee the optimal orientation of the receive and transmit antennas. Therefore, if precise uplink alignment is required, downlink performance is likely to be suboptimal, and vice versa. Consequently, for applications requiring two-way communication, achieving both optimal performance is impossible. In the disclosed embodiment, for each uplink and downlink parameter, the satellite communication area that meets the uplink threshold and the satellite communication area that meets the downlink threshold are calculated. This allows users to comprehensively consider the performance of both uplink and downlink antennas when selecting a communication area, achieving a balanced balance between uplink and downlink performance.

[0048] After step S206 of this embodiment, the method further includes: performing real-time two-way communication in a communicable area that satisfies both the uplink threshold condition and the downlink threshold condition.

[0049] In one embodiment, the method further includes: obtaining satellite orbit parameters and user terminal location information based on the real-time satellite signal, determining the position of the satellite relative to the user terminal's attitude based on the satellite orbit parameters and the user terminal's location information, and projecting the position as an identification point onto the satellite signal strength map of the user terminal. When there are multiple satellites, multiple (satellite) identification points are projected onto the satellite signal strength map. When the user terminal's attitude changes, the satellite identification point may change in the opposite direction in the signal strength map.

[0050] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to non-geostationary orbit satellites. For non-geostationary orbit satellites, the size and location of the satellite's communication area may change with the real-time changes in the satellite orbit.

[0051] For non-geostationary satellites, the satellite signal strength graph also displays a curve showing the movement of the satellite trajectory relative to the user terminal's posture. In one embodiment, each communicable area includes one or more threshold contour circles surrounded by threshold contour lines, and multiple nested general contour circles within the threshold contour circles, surrounded by multiple general contour lines (see Figure 7). The smaller the general contour circle, the greater the difference between it and the threshold contour circle.

[0052] Among them, the difference is the difference between the effective isotropic radiated power value corresponding to the threshold isocircle and the effective isotropic radiated power value corresponding to the general isocircle; or, the difference between the quality factor value corresponding to the threshold isocircle and the quality factor value corresponding to the general isocircle, and the difference can be pre-set according to needs; the communicative area decreases as the difference increases, and the signal strength of the antenna increases as the difference increases.

[0053] In one embodiment, the uplink threshold value [EIRP] that meets the current communication link requirement is determined. thres ] e , including: obtaining the downlink carrier temperature ratio [C / T] through the RF receiver d , according to the real-time satellite signal, obtain the maximum effective isotropic radiated power value [EIRP max ]、Maximum quality factor value [G / T max ]、Onboard demodulation carrier temperature ratio threshold [C / T thres ] s Based on the maximum effective isotropic radiated power value [EIRP max ], the maximum quality factor value [G / T max ], the satellite-to-ground downlink path loss [L] d , and combined with the downlink carrier temperature ratio [C / T] d , the quality factor value of the user terminal in the direction of its location in the current environment [G / T] e , determine the current quality factor value of the satellite [G / T] s ; Based on the current quality factor value of the satellite [G / T] s 、The satellite-to-ground uplink path loss [L] u , the on-board demodulation carrier temperature ratio threshold [C / T thres ] s , obtain the effective isotropic radiated power threshold value [EIRP thres ] e and the effective isotropic radiated power threshold [EIRP thres ] e The uplink threshold is determined.

[0054] Among them, [G / T] e It is determined based on the user terminal receiving antenna pattern, the equivalent noise temperature of the receiving system, and the direction angle of the satellite relative to the user terminal.

[0055] The maximum effective isotropic radiated power [EIRP max ]、Maximum quality factor value [G / T max ]、Onboard demodulation carrier temperature ratio threshold [C / T thres ]s EIRP is a parameter that reflects the satellite's ability to transmit and receive signals. max ] is the maximum effective isotropic radiated power value of the satellite-borne antenna; [G / T max ] is the maximum quality factor value of the satellite.

[0056] In one embodiment, determining the current quality factor value of the satellite includes: based on the downlink carrier temperature ratio [C / T] d , the quality factor value of the user terminal in the direction of its location in the current environment [G / T] e 、The satellite-to-ground downlink path loss [L] d , determine the current effective isotropic radiated power value [EIRP] of the satellite s Based on the maximum effective isotropic radiated power value [EIRP max ] and the current effective isotropic radiated power [EIRP] of the satellite s The maximum quality factor value [G / T max ] and the current quality factor value of the satellite [G / T] s Based on the maximum quality factor value [G / T max ], the maximum quality factor value [G / T max ] and the current quality factor value of the satellite [G / T] s The difference between them is used to obtain the current quality factor value of the satellite.

[0057] In one embodiment, determining the downlink threshold value that meets the current communication link requirement includes: obtaining the satellite-to-ground downlink path loss based on the real-time satellite signal; and combining the downlink carrier-to-temperature ratio and the quality factor [G / T] of the user terminal in the current environment in the direction of its location. e , determine the current effective isotropic radiated power value of the satellite; according to the current effective isotropic radiated power value [EIRP] of the satellite s 、The satellite-to-ground downlink path loss [L] d , and combined with the demodulation carrier temperature ratio threshold value [C / T thres ] e , determine the user terminal quality factor threshold value that meets the downlink communication link requirements, and determine the quality factor threshold value as the downlink threshold value. Wherein, [L] can be determined based on the real-time satellite signal received by the user terminal. d , and since the direction of the user terminal is known at this time, [G / T] e Also a known quantity.

[0058] In one embodiment, after the user terminal displays the communicative area of ​​the satellite that meets the uplink threshold condition, the method further includes: according to the selected communicative area, instructing the user to enter the selected communicative area through the user terminal, wherein the instruction method includes at least one of the following: text, voice prompt, and graphic illustration.

[0059] Instructing the user to enter the selected communicable area through the user terminal includes: instructing the user to move by rotating three axes of a three-dimensional coordinate system on the user terminal.

[0060] Through the above steps, based on the threshold value obtained, the satellite communication area that meets the conditions is determined, and the traditional "point-to-point" satellite search method is converted to a "point-to-surface" satellite search method, which reduces the difficulty of satellite search. In addition, the threshold value is determined based on the satellite's signal receiving and sending capabilities, satellite-to-ground path loss, etc., that is, the terminal side determines the satellite communication area while considering the satellite-to-ground link status. In this way, the terminal user can grasp the real-time status of the satellite communication area, reduce the difficulty of user satellite search, and improve the user experience. Therefore, it can solve the problem in the related art that when the terminal does not obtain the satellite-to-ground link status, the terminal's satellite communication performance cannot be guaranteed and the user experience is poor, thereby improving the success rate of terminal satellite communication.

[0061] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present disclosure is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), including a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] In this embodiment, a user terminal is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments. Details already described will not be repeated here. As used below, the term "module" may refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation using hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0063] FIG3 is a structural block diagram of a user terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3 , the user terminal includes: an acquisition module 10 , a determination module 20 and a display module 30 .

[0064] An acquisition module 10 is configured to acquire the satellite's signal receiving and transmitting capabilities and satellite-to-ground path loss based on the received real-time satellite signals;

[0065] The determination module 20 is configured to determine a threshold value that meets the current communication link requirements based on the satellite's signal transmission and reception capabilities and the satellite-to-ground path loss, and in combination with the user terminal's received signal performance data;

[0066] The display module 30 is configured to display the satellite communicable area that meets the threshold condition on the user terminal according to the threshold.

[0067] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented through software or hardware. For the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways, but not limited to: the above modules are all located in the same processor; or the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0068] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by the present disclosure, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to specific scenarios.

[0069] As technology evolves towards integrated space-ground communication, there's a need for satellite communication support on user terminals (hereafter, smartphones are used as an example). However, smartphones are characterized by their thin design and use of internal antennas, which is in stark contrast to dedicated satellite communication terminals. Therefore, achieving comparable performance on smartphones is extremely challenging. Due to their limited form factor, smartphones lack external antennas like dedicated satellite communication terminals, necessitating alignment by adjusting the phone's posture. The first technology considered and applied was to align the smartphone antenna with the satellite in the optimal direction, known as "point-to-point" alignment. This technique determines the direction of the smartphone antenna's point of maximum gain, calculates the alignment angle based on the positions of the satellite and smartphone, and guides the smartphone's alignment to achieve optimal alignment with the satellite.

[0070] In traditional "point-to-point" satellite alignment technology, a smartphone has only one option for aligning with the satellite: the optimal point in the smartphone's antenna's radiation direction. Because smartphones with built-in antennas cannot adjust their antenna's directionality, the process of satellite alignment is essentially a process of adjusting the smartphone's posture. Once the smartphone's antenna is aligned with the satellite, the smartphone must remain stationary. This is because any deviation or movement of the device can cause the antenna's optimal direction to shift, potentially degrading link performance or even disrupting communication. Therefore, in some special scenarios (such as outdoor activities), a fixed bracket is required to keep the smartphone stationary. While traditional "point-to-point" alignment technology is more suitable for geostationary systems, if a satellite communication system utilizes non-geostationary satellites, it must track the satellite's trajectory. In these special scenarios, users must also carry a device capable of tracking the satellite's trajectory, placing higher demands on the user experience.

[0071] Existing solutions to improve traditional satellite alignment technology include: using multiple antennas in smartphones to switch between different postures based on the different optimal directions of different antennas; or using antenna arrays to enhance directionality and achieve adjustable beam radiation angles; or using some strategies to adjust the antenna pattern within a certain range.

[0072] While these solutions for improving traditional satellite tracking technology have their merits, they all focus solely on adjusting smartphone antenna performance, which inevitably increases the requirements for antenna design and debugging, as well as the complexity of the overall device design. Furthermore, these solutions fail to account for satellite-to-ground link calculations, thus failing to provide users with real-time satellite signal status. Furthermore, they also fail to reduce the difficulty of satellite tracking for non-geostationary satellite communication systems.

[0073] When a user turns on the satellite communication function on a smartphone outdoors, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a smartphone supporting the satellite communication function and a method for determining a satellite angle area applied to the smartphone, for uplink and downlink communications between the smartphone and the satellite.

[0074] The method for determining the satellite angle area mainly includes two parts: generating a satellite signal strength map and calculating the satellite-to-ground link. That is, based on the data of the smartphone's satellite antenna receiving pattern and transmitting pattern, a satellite signal strength map displayed on the smartphone is generated; then, combined with the RF performance at the smartphone antenna feed, the data is converted into the smartphone's EIRP and G / T data, and the satellite-to-ground link status is calculated. The satellite angle area is then marked on the satellite signal strength map, where the satellite signal strength map includes: a spherical uplink signal strength map and / or a spherical downlink signal strength map.

[0075] The following is a detailed description of the method for determining the star alignment angle area. FIG4 is a flow chart of the method for determining the star alignment angle area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4 , the method includes the following steps:

[0076] Step S402: testing the satellite antenna pattern of the smartphone, and obtaining uplink gain data and downlink gain data of the smartphone antenna on a spherical surface based on the satellite antenna pattern;

[0077] Step S404: Using the uplink gain data and the downlink gain data as basic data, a spherical satellite signal strength map based on EIRP and G / T values ​​is generated.

[0078] In this embodiment, the uplink signal strength graph and the downlink signal strength graph in the satellite signal strength graph may be displayed in the same spherical graph or in separate spherical graphs.

[0079] Step S406: The system integrates various information to determine the satellite angle, satellite-to-ground distance, and other information. The system then uses the spatial loss introduced by the satellite-to-ground distance, combined with the transceiver performance of the smartphone and the satellite, to determine the smartphone-side EIRP threshold and G / T threshold that meet the current communication link requirements. The EIRP threshold serves as the uplink threshold, and the G / T threshold serves as the downlink threshold.

[0080] In this embodiment, the process of determining whether the current communication link requirements are met involves estimating the link status of the satellite-to-ground radio frequency signal, namely, determining the signal gain / loss of the uplink and downlink. This determination process includes: using the C / T (i.e., C / N0) value of the smartphone's received signal as a reference, combined with the smartphone's G / T value at that angle and the satellite-to-ground downlink path loss, to infer the current satellite-onboard EIRP value. This is then used as a basis to convert the current satellite-onboard G / T value. Using the satellite-onboard G / T value and the onboard demodulation threshold, combined with information such as the satellite-to-ground uplink path loss, the ERIP threshold value required by the smartphone, i.e., the uplink threshold value, can be derived. On the other hand, the G / T threshold value required by the smartphone, i.e., the downlink threshold value, can be derived based on the current satellite-onboard EIRP value, the smartphone demodulation threshold, and the downlink link gain / loss.

[0081] The following is the theoretical basis and calculation process for satellite-to-ground link calculation. In the following content, the symbol [] represents the logarithmic form of the data in the square brackets: for example, [A] = 10logA.

[0082] Satellite-to-ground downlink formula: [C / T] d =[EIRP] s -[L] d +[G / T] e Formula (1)

[0083] Where: [C / T]d is the downlink C / T (carrier-to-temperature ratio) value, which is converted to C / kT to be the C / N0 (carrier-to-noise ratio) commonly used in smartphone RF design (where k is the Boltzmann constant 1.380649×10 -23 J / K). When it is greater than the demodulation threshold of the smartphone [C / T thres ] e When , the downlink can meet the communication requirements.

[0084] [EIRP] s is the EIRP of the satellite antenna in the direction of line of sight with the mobile phone. is the inherent property of the satellite at this angle. After obtaining satellite information, the maximum effective isotropic radiated power value of the satellite antenna can be determined: [EIRP max ], the current effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the satellite in the line of sight direction can be used to calculate the effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the satellite. s ) and [EIRP max ] to know the degree of deviation of the mobile phone from the satellite beam center. Or you can use [EIRP max ] and the degree of deviation of the satellite beam center to obtain the EIRP of the satellite in the line of sight direction ([EIRP] s To improve accuracy, you can correct for elevation and distance deviations caused by atmospheric refraction when calculating the line-of-sight distance between the satellite and the phone.

[0085] [L] d is the satellite-to-ground downlink path loss, including the free space path loss [L f ] d , polarization loss [L p ] d , atmospheric loss [L a ] d And additional losses introduced by rain, fog, snow, cloud, etc. [L c ] d It can be obtained based on the free space loss formula, atmospheric loss table, and models of rain, fog, snow, and cloud effects.

[0086] [G / T] eis the quality factor of the mobile phone in the direction of satellite line of sight (i.e., the quality factor of the user terminal in the direction of its position in the current environment). The receiving antenna gain G, where G is the inherent performance of the mobile phone, can be obtained by transforming the antenna pattern data. For satellite ground receiving systems, the equivalent noise temperature of the receiving system, T, includes the total contribution of the noise temperatures of the antenna, feeder, and high-frequency head. For smartphones, if the antenna feed point is used as the boundary, the distance from the antenna to the feed point only includes the equivalent noise temperature of the antenna. Since mobile phone antennas are passive and approximately omnidirectional, T can be taken as the ambient temperature. From the perspective of the RF signal received by the mobile phone, T is the main factor contributing to the received signal noise floor, n = kTB, and T is also the ambient temperature. The receiving performance below the feed point is the inherent performance of the mobile phone, and the mobile phone C / T demodulation threshold can be converted to the antenna feed point. Therefore, for any radiation direction of the mobile phone, G / T can be considered a function of the ambient temperature.

[0087] Satellite-to-ground uplink formula: [C / T] u =[EIRP] e -[L] u +[G / T] s (Formula 2)

[0088] Where: [C / T] u is the uplink C / T value. When it is greater than the demodulation threshold of the satellite equipment [C / T thres ] s When the demodulation threshold of the onboard equipment is determined after obtaining satellite information, the uplink can meet the communication requirements.

[0089] [EIRP] e The EIRP value of the mobile phone in the direction of the satellite's line of sight can be obtained by transforming the mobile phone's transmission pattern data. This can also be used to correct for elevation angle deviation and range deviation introduced by atmospheric refraction.

[0090] [L] u is the satellite-to-ground uplink path loss, including the free space path loss [L f ] u , polarization loss [L p ] u , atmospheric loss [L a ] u And additional losses introduced by rain, fog, snow, cloud, etc. [L c ] u It can be obtained based on the free space loss formula, atmospheric loss table, and models of rain, fog, snow, and cloud effects.

[0091] [G / T] sThe quality factor of the satellite in the direction of the line of sight of the mobile phone. The inherent property of the satellite at this angle. After obtaining the satellite information, the maximum G / T value of the satellite can be obtained: [G / T max ], the satellite's quality factor in the line of sight direction ([G / T] s ) and [G / T max ] to know the degree of satellite beam center deviation. Or we can use [G / T max ] and the degree of deviation of the satellite beam center to obtain the satellite's quality factor in the line of sight direction ([G / T] s ).

[0092] The following is an explanation of the relationship between the satellite beam center deviation and the resulting EIRP and G / T deviation values ​​of the onboard antenna:

[0093] Using directional antennas onboard, any Earth-facing beam from the satellite must maintain the same beam width, beam shape, and angle to the Earth for both transmit and receive. Generally, ground equipment is not located exactly at the beam's point of maximum gain (e.g., beam center). Therefore, the gain of the satellite beam at a given angle to the Earth deviates from its maximum gain. However, due to the same beam characteristics, this difference is the same for both transmit and receive directions, meaning that antenna pointing loss has the same effect on EIRP and G / T.

[0094] Antenna pointing loss:

[0095] Among them: [L p ] is the antenna pointing loss (dB); Δθ is the antenna pointing deviation (°); is the antenna half-power beamwidth (°).

[0096] It can be seen that the loss caused by the deviation of the antenna pointing is only related to the deviation angle.

[0097] FIG5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relative positions of a smartphone and an antenna beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG5 , within a beam, the differences in [EIRP]s and [G / T]s obtained by the smartphone due to the deviation angle between its position and the beam center (maximum EIRP and G / T directions) are identical.

[0098] From the above theoretical basis, it can be seen that the embodiments of the present disclosure make full use of various types of information and use theoretical deduction to obtain the uplink and downlink threshold values; the uplink and downlink path losses are correlated by utilizing the relationship between the pointing loss (the difference between the current value and the maximum value) caused by the degree of deviation of the smartphone from the satellite beam center in terms of onboard EIRP and G / T.

[0099] FIG6 is a flow chart of a method for identifying communication satellites in a satellite signal strength graph according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG6 , the method includes the following steps:

[0100] Step S602: The smartphone obtains the following information based on the received satellite signals: satellite orbit parameters and smartphone positioning information (equivalent to the aforementioned mobile phone location information);

[0101] Step S604, obtaining satellite orbit parameters and positioning information based on satellite signals, calculating the satellite elevation angle, azimuth angle, and satellite-to-ground distance based on the satellite orbit parameters and positioning information, and making elevation correction for the effect of atmospheric refraction. The satellite orbit parameters (equivalent to the orbit information in the above embodiment) include: inclination, ascending node, descending node, altitude, sub-satellite point, and period; the positioning information includes: longitude, latitude, and altitude.

[0102] In one embodiment, for non-geostationary satellites, the trajectory of the satellite's orbit relative to the phone's location information can be calculated based on information such as orbital inclination, ascending node, and period, and the current angle can be determined. The satellite's trajectory can then be displayed on the user terminal, allowing the user to proactively understand the satellite's trajectory and adjust their phone's position to maintain communication.

[0103] Step S606: Calculate the free space path loss [L f ] d , polarization loss [L p ] d , atmospheric loss [L a ] d And additional loss [L c ] d , get the satellite-to-ground downlink path loss [L] d Similarly, the satellite-to-ground uplink path loss [L] can be obtained. u .

[0104] Step S608: Calculate the position of the satellite relative to the mobile phone's posture based on the satellite's elevation angle and azimuth angle, and display the position of the satellite relative to the mobile phone's posture on the smart phone.

[0105] Displaying the position of the satellite relative to the mobile phone posture on the smart phone includes: projecting the position onto the satellite signal strength map of the smart phone to form an identification point, namely the satellite identification point.

[0106] In this embodiment, when the uplink threshold value receives multiple communication satellites simultaneously, multiple satellite identification points may appear on the uplink signal strength graph and the downlink signal strength graph, allowing the user to select a satellite with a suitable angle for communication.

[0107] In this embodiment, when the phone's posture changes, the satellite marker on the satellite signal strength graph may move in the opposite direction. For non-geostationary satellites, a curve showing the satellite's trajectory relative to the phone's posture is projected onto the satellite signal strength graph, with the satellite marker representing the current location. When the phone's posture changes, the satellite's trajectory and satellite marker may move in the opposite direction on the signal strength graph.

[0108] In this embodiment, the user can manually manipulate the satellite signal strength map, for example, by rotating it at any angle. When the user focuses on a specific area, they can rotate it to the optimal position on the phone screen. The rotation angle is recorded and used to synchronize the position of the satellite marker or satellite trajectory curve on the signal strength map. The angle of the satellite relative to the phone must be accurately reflected in the position of the satellite marker on the satellite signal strength map.

[0109] Through the above steps, the satellite's position relative to the phone's attitude is calculated based on the obtained satellite angle and projected onto the phone's spherical satellite signal strength map, forming an identification point. This allows users to intuitively see the satellite's position relative to the phone and also the satellite's position relative to the communication area. As the phone's attitude changes, the satellite identification point moves in the opposite direction on the map. When the satellite identification point falls within the aforementioned contour circle, the communication area is reached and the signal requirements for satellite communication are met.

[0110] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the display and operation of a satellite signal strength graph on a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The uplink signal strength graph can be a spherical graph displayed on the smartphone display interface shown in Figure 7. The spherical data uses the smartphone's [EIRP]e data (determined by the uplink gain data), which is the product of the transmit power at the feed point and the gain of the transmitting antenna at each point on the sphere. Similarly, the downlink signal strength graph can also be a spherical graph displayed on the smartphone interface shown in Figure 7. The spherical data uses the smartphone's [G / T]e data (determined by the downlink gain data), where G is the gain of the receiving antenna at each point on the sphere (since T is the ambient temperature, the data on this graph will change slightly with changes in the outdoor ambient temperature). The coordinates of the satellite signal strength graph are associated with the smartphone's coordinates. By default, the three-dimensional coordinate axes of the satellite signal strength graph can be completely parallel to the three-dimensional coordinate axes of the smartphone. When the user turns on the satellite communication function, the satellite signal strength graph can be seen as static on the smartphone screen. If the smartphone's posture changes, the signal strength graph on the screen remains unchanged.

[0111] In this embodiment, the user can manually scale the satellite signal strength graph, as shown in the third figure from the left in Figure 7. By reducing the signal strength graph, the user can more easily grasp the angular position of the satellite relative to the phone, and by enlarging the signal strength graph, the user can zoom in on the area of ​​interest and accurately identify it.

[0112] Step S408: Mark contour lines on the satellite signal strength map according to the uplink threshold value and / or the downlink threshold value to form one or more contour circles, and obtain one or more areas that meet the uplink threshold value and / or the downlink threshold value.

[0113] In one embodiment, the uplink threshold value [EIRP thres ] e (that is, the effective isotropic radiated power threshold), where [C / T] in formula (2) u , [L] u is known, and the demand is [G / T] s , and [G / T] s The calculation of needs to be obtained through the satellite-to-ground downlink formula, for example:

[0114] Smartphone receives signal [C / T] d , calculated [L] d , and known [G / T] e (Since the direction of the phone is fixed at this time, [G / T] e is known), based on the above known quantities, [EIRP] in formula (1) is determined s In addition, [EIRP max ] is also a known quantity, so [EIRP] can be determined s and [EIRP max ], and [G / T] s With [G / T max ] is equal to the above difference, so the difference and [G / T max ]Determine [G / T] s .

[0115] According to the satellite-to-ground downlink formula, the downlink threshold value [G / T thres ] e , need to pass the known [C / T thres ] e , [L] d , [EIRP]s to determine [G / T thres ] e .

[0116] The present disclosure also provides a method for determining a satellite alignment angle region on an uplink signal strength graph. FIG8 is a flow chart of a method for determining and marking a satellite alignment angle region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the satellite alignment angle region is marked on the uplink signal strength graph. As shown in FIG8 , the method includes the following steps:

[0117] Step S802, according to [C / T]d , downlink path loss [L] d And the G / T value of the mobile phone at that location in the current environment: [G / T] e , determine the current EIRP value of the satellite: [EIRP] s (i.e. the current effective isotropic radiated power value); then obtain [EIRP max ] and [EIRP] s The difference between [G / T max ] and [G / T] s The difference between [C / T] d Obtained by smartphones based on real-time satellite signals received; [L] d and [G / T] e It is calculated based on the relative position information between the satellite and the smartphone.

[0118] Step S804, through [G / T max ]、[G / T max ] and [G / T] s The difference between the two values ​​is used to calculate the current G / T value of the satellite: [G / T] s According to [G / T] s , [L] u 、C / T threshold value for onboard demodulation [C / T thres ] s , the uplink threshold value [EIRP thres ] e .

[0119] Step S806: Mark the signal strength graph that meets [EIRP thres ] e All points are connected to form contour curves, enclosing one or more areas, which are the satellite angle areas that meet the uplink communication requirements. These areas can be filled with colors, and the fill color can be designed to deepen as the value in the area increases.

[0120] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of selecting a satellite alignment area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG9 , a user can meet the requirements of uplink communication by adjusting the posture of the smartphone so that the selected satellite identification point enters one of the areas. FIG9 shows two optional satellites: s1 and s2. S2 is selected. As a result of adjusting the posture of the smartphone, S2 enters the satellite alignment area on the right. The darker the color of the area, the stronger the signal. In the case of multiple areas to choose from, the user can select the most suitable area for communication.

[0121] In one embodiment, if there is no signal strength graph that meets the [EIRP thres ] eIf the signal is not received, it means that the current environment does not meet the requirements for uplink communication. In this case, the user can be prompted not to blindly transmit and can try again by changing the location or time.

[0122] FIG10 is a flow chart of a method for determining and marking a satellite angle region according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the satellite angle region is marked in a downlink signal strength graph. As shown in FIG10 , the method includes the following steps:

[0123] Step S1002: According to [EIRP] s , [L] d , demodulation threshold at mobile phone feed point [C / T thres ] e , we can get the mobile phone G / T threshold value that meets the downlink communication requirements [G / T thres ] e .

[0124] Step S1004: Mark the signal strength graph that meets the [G / T thres ] e The points on the map form contour curves, enclosing one or more areas, which are the satellite alignment angle areas that meet the downlink communication requirements. Users can meet the downlink communication requirements by adjusting the phone posture so that the satellite marker point enters this area.

[0125] When users can align satellites within these areas and meet communication link requirements, these areas are called communicable areas. The area formed by the EIRP threshold value is the uplink one-way communicable area, the area formed by the G / T threshold value is the downlink one-way communicable area, and the intersection of the two areas is the two-way communicable area. For one-way communication and non-real-time two-way communication, you can select the EIRP isosphere (uplink one-way communicable area) or the G / T isosphere (downlink one-way communicable area) based on the smartphone's transmission or reception needs. For real-time two-way communication, you need to select the intersection of the EIRP and G / T isospheres, that is, within the two-way communicable area.

[0126] Because the isospheres are derived from received signals, they are not fixed areas but change in real time based on the strength of the received signal. Under unfavorable conditions, the isospheres may shrink or even disappear. This serves to inform the user that satellite communication is unavailable under the current conditions, prompting them to try again at a different location or time.

[0127] In this embodiment, within one or more regions that meet the uplink and / or downlink thresholds, changes in color can be used to represent changes in signal strength. For example, darker colors represent larger EIRP and G / T values, corresponding to greater signal strength. Within each region that meets the uplink and / or downlink thresholds, multiple nested general contour circles are formed by general contour lines. These regions are divided into multiple areas of varying shades of color, representing the trend of signal strengthening through progressively darker colors.

[0128] For non-geostationary satellite communication systems, in addition to displaying the current satellite position, the smartphone can also display the satellite's trajectory, allowing users to intuitively understand the satellite's position relative to the communication area during its operation. Based on the satellite's position information, users can select the appropriate area based on convenience.

[0129] For geostationary satellite communication systems, due to the small number of satellites and the long distance between the satellites and the Earth, satellite signals may not be received in the initial state, and the isocircles may not be displayed. In this case, a guidance function can be added to aim the smartphone at the optimal reception direction where satellites are theoretically present to try to receive satellite signals.

[0130] In this embodiment, a spherical graphic is used to display the smartphone's posture and the relative position of the satellite, and this format is selected as a user guidance method. Specific user guidance methods include text, arrows, voice prompts, and other auxiliary prompts. For example, after the user selects the target area, based on the rotation of the three coordinate axes of the smartphone coordinate system, the user is prompted through text, arrows, voice prompts, etc. to rotate the phone screen left (right), rotate the phone screen up (down), or keep the screen orientation unchanged and swing the top of the phone left (right).

[0131] Through the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure, the traditional "point-to-point" satellite search method is improved to a "point-to-plane" or "point-to-multi-plane" satellite search method, which expands the user's range of choices and reduces the difficulty of satellite search. It can change the current situation of blindly "seeking a unique satellite angle" and remove the limitations of traditional satellite search methods on communication effects, user experience, and other aspects. The real-time satellite-to-ground link conditions are used as the basis for determining the signal strength, and the optional communication area is displayed to the user in the form of a spherical graphic, allowing the user to understand the current communication conditions. At the same time, by providing real-time satellite signal strength information, users can understand the real-time signal status and know the possibility of successful communication in advance.

[0132] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is configured to execute the steps of any one of the above method embodiments when run.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media that can store computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0134] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0135] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0136] For specific examples in this embodiment, reference may be made to the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementation modes, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0137] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the modules or steps of the present disclosure described above can be implemented using a general-purpose computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed across a network composed of multiple computing devices, they can be implemented using program code executable by the computing device, and thus, they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than herein, or they can be fabricated into separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0138] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present disclosure are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present disclosure shall be included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for determining the satellite communication area, which is applied to a user terminal and includes: Based on the received real-time satellite signal, obtaining the signal transceiver capabilities of the satellite and the space-ground path loss; According to the signal transceiver capabilities of the satellite and the space-ground path loss, and in combination with the signal performance data received by the user terminal, determining the threshold value that meets the requirements of the current communication link; According to the threshold value, displaying the satellite communication area that meets the threshold value conditions on the user terminal.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Determining the threshold value that meets the requirements of the current communication link includes at least one of the following: Based on the received real-time satellite signal, obtaining the signal transceiver capabilities of the satellite, the space-ground downlink path loss, and the space-ground uplink path loss, and in combination with the signal performance data received by the user terminal, determining the uplink threshold value that meets the requirements of the current communication link; Based on the real-time satellite signal, obtaining the signal transceiver capabilities of the satellite, the space-ground downlink path loss, and in combination with the signal performance data received by the user terminal and the signal transceiver capabilities of the user terminal, determining the downlink threshold value that meets the requirements of the current communication link.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein Displaying the satellite communication area that meets the threshold value conditions on the user terminal includes: According to the uplink threshold value, displaying the satellite communication area that meets the uplink threshold value conditions on the user terminal; and / or, according to the downlink threshold value, displaying the satellite communication area that meets the downlink threshold value conditions on the user terminal.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, After displaying the satellite communication area that meets the threshold value conditions on the user terminal, the method further includes: Performing real-time two-way communication in the communication area that simultaneously meets the uplink threshold value conditions and the downlink threshold value conditions.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Displaying the satellite communication area that meets the threshold value conditions on the user terminal through a satellite signal strength map.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, Each of the communication areas includes one or more threshold value contour circles surrounded by threshold value contour lines, and multiple nested general contour circles are included within the threshold value contour circles, and the general contour circles are surrounded by general contour lines.

7. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining of the uplink threshold value that meets the requirements of the current communication link includes: According to the real-time satellite signal, obtaining the maximum effective isotropic radiated power value, the maximum figure of merit value, and the on-board demodulation carrier-to-temperature ratio threshold value; Based on the maximum effective isotropic radiated power value, the maximum figure of merit value, the space-ground downlink path loss, and in combination with the downlink carrier-to-temperature ratio value and the figure of merit value of the user terminal in its position direction in the current environment, determining the current figure of merit value of the satellite; Based on the current figure of merit value of the satellite, the space-ground uplink path loss, and the on-board demodulation carrier-to-temperature ratio threshold value, determining the effective isotropic radiated power threshold value that meets the requirements of the current uplink communication link, and determining the effective isotropic radiated power threshold value as the uplink threshold value.

8. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining of the downlink threshold value that meets the requirements of the current communication link includes: Obtain the satellite-ground downlink path loss according to the real-time satellite signal, and determine the current effective isotropic radiated power value of the satellite by combining the downlink carrier-to-temperature ratio and the quality factor value of the user terminal in the position direction in the current environment. According to the current effective isotropic radiated power value of the satellite, the satellite-ground downlink path loss, and in combination with the demodulation carrier-to-temperature ratio threshold value at the feeder point of the user terminal, determine the quality factor threshold value of the user terminal that meets the requirements of the downlink communication link, and determine the quality factor threshold value as the downlink threshold value.

9. The method according to claim 5, wherein The method further includes: According to the real-time satellite signal, obtain the satellite orbit parameters and the user terminal position information, determine the position of the satellite relative to the attitude of the user terminal according to the satellite orbit parameters and the user terminal position information, and project the position onto the satellite signal strength map of the user terminal in the form of an identification point.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein After the user terminal displays the communicable area of the satellite that meets the uplink threshold condition, the method further includes: According to the selected communicable area, instruct the user to enter the selected communicable area through the user terminal, where the instruction methods include at least one of the following: text, voice prompt, graphic indication.

11. A user terminal, comprising: An acquisition module, configured to obtain the signal transceiver capabilities of the satellite and the satellite-ground path loss based on the received real-time satellite signal. A determination module, configured to determine the threshold value that meets the requirements of the current communication link according to the signal transceiver capabilities of the satellite and the satellite-ground path loss, and in combination with the user terminal received signal performance data. A display module, configured to display the communicable area of the satellite that meets the threshold condition on the user terminal according to the threshold value.

12. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program therein, wherein, When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

13. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

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