Superconducting flux pump having volt-level direct-current voltage output and excitation experimental system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of superconducting flux pumps, and relates to a superconducting flux pump having volt-level direct-current voltage output and an excitation experimental system. The superconducting flux pump uses a three-phase alternating-current core and a direct-current bias core to form a magnetically coupled air gap. After three-phase power is applied to a three-phase alternating-current winding, a generated magnetic field is conducted through the core to generate a traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetically coupled air gap. A magnetic field generated by a direct-current bias winding is conducted through the core to generate a direct-current bias magnetic field at the magnetically coupled air gap. After the traveling wave magnetic field and the direct-current bias magnetic field are superimposed, a biased traveling wave magnetic field is generated at the magnetically coupled air gap, and acts on a superconducting stator at the magnetically coupled air gap to generate a direct-current voltage output. The present invention achieves volt-level direct-current voltage output from superconducting flux pumps, significantly reduces the power supply cost of high-temperature superconducting magnets, helps to reduce the burden on refrigeration systems, and enables rapid charging of superconducting coils and operation in a continuous current mode.

Description

A superconducting flux pump and excitation experimental system with volt-level DC voltage output Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting flux pumps, and in particular relates to a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output and an excitation experimental system. Background Art

[0002] Superconducting magnets are a crucial component of superconducting power applications. Compared to traditional permanent magnets and ordinary electromagnets, they are lightweight, compact, generate stronger magnetic fields, and have extremely low losses. Their superior performance has led to their application in numerous fields, including medicine, energy, and transportation. They are key components of various superconducting devices, providing a high-intensity and highly stable magnetic field.

[0003] Superconducting magnets must operate in a continuous current mode. A flux pump acts as a contactless power source, injecting DC current into the closed loop formed by the superconducting stator and magnet, while compensating for current attenuation caused by flux creep and welding resistance. Chinese patent CN205789468U details the structure and operating principles of a linear flux pump. However, conventional contact DC power supplies are expensive, have a short effective coupling length, and generate low output voltage, making it difficult to rapidly excite and convert superconducting magnets. This makes the pump suitable only for maintaining the current in the superconducting magnet.

[0004] In summary, how to increase the effective coupling length of the flux pump on the superconducting stator and thus increase the output voltage to the volt level is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. A reasonable solution to this problem will be able to effectively promote the industrial application of high-temperature superconducting magnets and superconducting flux pumps. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a superconducting flux pump and excitation experimental system with volt-level DC voltage output.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output, comprising a three-phase AC core, a DC bias core, a three-phase AC winding and a DC bias winding, and a cylindrical cover sleeved on the outside of the DC bias core; one end of the DC bias core is connected to one end of the cylindrical cover;

[0007] The outer side of the three-phase AC core is provided with tooth slots, and the three-phase AC winding is wound in the tooth slots of the three-phase AC core; the DC bias winding is wound on the outer side of the DC bias core; one end of the three-phase AC core is provided close to one end of the DC bias core; a magnetic coupling air gap is formed between the three-phase AC core and the cylindrical cover;

[0008] After three-phase electricity is passed through the three-phase AC winding, the magnetic field generated generates an alternating traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth slot and the cylindrical cover after being magnetized by the iron core; the magnetic field generated by the DC bias winding generates a DC bias magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth slot and the cylindrical cover after being magnetized by the iron core; the traveling wave magnetic field and the DC bias magnetic field are superimposed to generate a biased traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap, and the alternating traveling wave magnetic field is biased by the DC bias magnetic field and acts on the superconducting stator at the magnetic coupling air gap to generate a DC voltage output.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an excitation experimental system based on a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output, comprising:

[0010] A superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output and a superconducting closed-loop magnet; the superconducting closed-loop magnet includes a superconducting stator and a superconducting magnet; one end of the superconducting stator is arranged in the magnetic coupling air gap of the superconducting flux pump, and the other end is connected to the superconducting magnet;

[0011] The traveling wave magnetic field is superimposed on the DC bias magnetic field to generate a biased traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap, which acts on the superconducting stator at the magnetic coupling air gap to generate a DC voltage output.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0013] Furthermore, a DC bias core is fixed on the disc; one end of the barrel cover is fixed around the disc; the magnetic field generated by the DC bias core passes through the disc, the barrel cover, the teeth and the three-phase AC core in sequence and returns to the DC bias core, and generates a DC bias magnetic field between the teeth and the barrel cover.

[0014] Furthermore, a DC bias winding is provided at one end of the three-phase AC winding, one end of the DC bias core is fixed to the disc, and one end of the cylindrical cover is fixed around the disc;

[0015] Furthermore, DC bias windings are provided at both ends of the three-phase AC winding, one end of the DC bias core is fixed on one disc, and the other end of the DC bias core is fixed on another disc; one end of the barrel cover is fixed around one disc, and the other end of the barrel cover is fixed around the other disc.

[0016] Furthermore, the traveling wave magnetic field acts on the superconducting stator at the magnetic coupling air gap to generate a DC voltage.

[0017] Furthermore, the superconducting stator is arranged at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth slots and the cylindrical cover in a spiral winding manner.

[0018] Furthermore, the superconducting magnet is formed by concentrically stacking at least one superconducting double-pancake coil connected in series or not in series; the multiple concentrically stacked superconducting coils are fixed by a supporting assembly.

[0019] Furthermore, the arrangement direction of the superconducting stator is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase AC winding.

[0020] Furthermore, the superconducting stator is disposed at the magnetic coupling air gap of the superconducting flux pump in a spirally wound manner.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] (1) The present invention can realize a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output, thereby enabling rapid current conversion and high current maintenance of superconducting magnets, promoting the further development of superconducting magnet excitation technology and the industrial application of superconducting flux pumps;

[0023] (2) The present invention utilizes the principle of flux dynamics magnetization, and the superconducting stator and superconducting coil form a closed loop, which can achieve magnet excitation without the need for an external contact DC power supply. Since the magnetization principle is different from that of the prior art, the high-temperature superconducting magnet is freed from the dependence on expensive DC current sources, significantly reducing the power supply cost of the high-temperature superconducting magnet;

[0024] (3) Since the present invention does not use current leads, the burden on the refrigeration system is greatly reduced, and the high-temperature superconducting coil can be quickly charged and operated in a continuous current mode. In addition, the current attenuation caused by magnetic flux creep and welding resistance is compensated in real time during operation, which greatly reduces the energy consumption during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output provided by Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a superconducting magnetic flux pump according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a superconducting flux pump having a volt-level DC voltage output;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase AC core;

[0029] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output and a superconducting closed-loop magnet excitation;

[0030] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between a superconducting magnet and a superconducting stator.

[0031] Icons: 100-superconducting flux pump; 101-three-phase AC core; 102-DC bias core; 103-three-phase AC winding; 104-DC bias winding; 105-cylinder cover; 106-tooth slot; 107-disk; 201-superconducting stator; 202-superconducting magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] As an embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , to increase the effective coupling length of the flux pump on the superconducting stator, increase the output voltage of the flux pump to the volt level, and achieve high current output and rapid current conversion of the magnet, this embodiment provides a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output, comprising a three-phase AC core 101, a DC bias core 102, a three-phase AC winding 103 and a DC bias winding 104, and a cylindrical cover 105 sleeved on the outside of the DC bias core 102; one end of the DC bias core 102 is connected to one end of the cylindrical cover 105;

[0035] The outer side of the three-phase AC core 101 is provided with a tooth slot 106, and the three-phase AC winding 103 is wound in the tooth slot 106 of the three-phase AC core 101; the DC bias winding 104 is wound on the outer side of the DC bias core 102; one end of the three-phase AC core 101 is arranged close to one end of the DC bias core 102; a magnetic coupling air gap is formed between the three-phase AC core 101 and the cylindrical cover 105;

[0036] After three-phase electricity is passed through the three-phase AC winding 103, the magnetic field generated generates an alternating traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth slot 106 and the cylindrical cover 105 after being magnetized by the iron core; the magnetic field generated by the DC bias winding 104 generates a DC bias magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth slot 106 and the cylindrical cover 105 after being magnetized by the iron core; the traveling wave magnetic field and the DC bias magnetic field are superimposed to generate a biased traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap, and the alternating traveling wave magnetic field is biased by the DC bias magnetic field and acts on the superconducting stator 201 at the magnetic coupling air gap to generate a DC voltage output.

[0037] The superconducting flux pump is a device for contactless charging of superconducting magnets. The traveling wave magnetic field generated at the magnetic coupling air gap couples the magnetic flux quanta on the superconducting stator and produces directional movement, thereby outputting a DC voltage and generating a DC current in the superconducting magnet.

[0038] The superconducting stator 201 is disposed at the magnetic coupling air gap formed between the three-phase AC core 101 and the DC bias core 102 , which can increase the effective coupling length and further increase the output voltage of the superconducting flux pump.

[0039] In actual application, the superconducting flux pump can adopt a structure with more slots to increase the magnetic coupling air gap area of ​​the flux pump, thereby increasing the effective coupling length of the superconducting stator and improving the DC voltage output; there is at least one DC bias winding 104. When the superconducting flux pump adopts a structure with more slots, multiple DC bias windings 104 can be used to provide sufficient DC bias magnetic field.

[0040] In actual application, the core materials of superconducting flux pumps are generally selected as: electrical pure iron, oriented silicon steel sheets, non-oriented silicon steel sheets, iron-based amorphous materials, etc., which have the advantages of good magnetic conductivity, high magnetic saturation strength and low iron loss.

[0041] In actual application, the superconducting flux pump can be placed in liquid nitrogen / liquid helium for refrigeration, or it can be used outside the low-temperature Dewar.

[0042] Optionally, the three-phase AC iron core 101 and the DC bias iron core 102 are connected by screws.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , the DC bias core 102 is fixed on a disc 107 ; and one end of the cylindrical cover 105 is fixed around the disc 107 .

[0044] As an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , a DC bias winding ( 104 ) is provided at one end of the three-phase AC winding 103 , one end of the DC bias core 102 is fixed on a disc 107 , and one end of the cylindrical cover 105 is fixed around the disc 107 .

[0045] As an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG2 , a DC bias winding (104) is provided at both ends of the three-phase AC winding 103. One end of the DC bias core 102 is fixed to a disk 107, and the other end of the DC bias core 102 is fixed to another disk 107. One end of the cylindrical cover 105 is fixed around one disk 107, and the other end of the cylindrical cover 105 is fixed around the other disk 107. That is, a DC bias winding 104 is provided at both ends of the three-phase AC winding 103, and a disk 107 is fixed to each end of the cylindrical cover 105.

[0046] As shown in Figure 3, a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output is shown. The overall shape is cylindrical. Thus, the cylindrical cover 105, through the disc 107, serves as part of the DC bias core, enclosing the three-phase AC core 101. The DC bias core is fixed to the disc 107. One end of the cylindrical cover 105 is fixed around the disc 107. The three-phase AC core and the DC bias core are assembled using screw connections. A rectangular notch is opened in the DC bias core to facilitate the installation and entry and exit of the superconducting stator.

[0047] As an optional implementation, a DC bias core is fixed on the disc; one end of the cylindrical cover is fixed around the disc; the magnetic field generated by the DC bias core passes through the disc, cylindrical cover, tooth slots and three-phase AC core in sequence and returns to the DC bias core, generating a DC bias magnetic field between the tooth slots and the cylindrical cover.

[0048] The DC bias core of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output can be manufactured as a single piece or by splitting and then assembling it. One end of a cylindrical cover is fixed to a disc, and the DC bias core is fixed to the center of the disc. The side of the cylindrical cover is open.

[0049] As shown in FIG4 , a three-phase AC core 101 of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output is generally manufactured as a whole, with a cylindrical center and a disc-shaped periphery. The slots 106 between the discs facilitate winding with round copper wire or flat copper wire. The number of slots in the three-phase AC core is not unique, and the number of slots 106 can be appropriately increased when a higher voltage output is required.

[0050] Optionally, the superconducting stator is disposed at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth slot 106 and the cylindrical cover 105 in a spirally wound manner.

[0051] As an optional embodiment, the present invention provides an extended superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output. Unlike the aforementioned embodiment, the extended volt-level flux pump has two DC bias cores and DC bias windings, the purpose of which is to provide a larger DC bias magnetic field.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, unlike the aforementioned embodiment, the extended volt-class superconducting flux pump has a significantly increased number of slots in the three-phase AC core and the number of three-phase AC windings. These numbers can be customized based on the required output voltage. The length and number of the DC bias core and DC bias windings vary with the length of the three-phase AC core. A longer three-phase AC core and a greater number of slots require a longer DC bias core and DC bias winding.

[0053] The present invention can realize volt-level DC voltage output of the superconducting flux pump, thereby realizing rapid current conversion and high current maintenance of the superconducting magnet, promoting the further development of superconducting magnet excitation technology and the industrial application of superconducting flux pumps.

[0054] The present invention utilizes the principle of flux dynamics magnetization, and the superconducting stator and superconducting coil form a closed loop, which can achieve magnet excitation without the need for a long-term external DC power supply. Since the magnetization principle is different from that of the existing technology, the high-temperature superconducting magnet is freed from the dependence on expensive DC current sources, greatly reducing the power supply cost of the high-temperature superconducting magnet.

[0055] Since the present invention does not use current leads, the burden on the refrigeration system is greatly reduced, and rapid charging of the high-temperature superconducting coil and operation in a continuous current mode are achieved. During operation, the current attenuation caused by magnetic flux creep and welding resistance is compensated in real time, which greatly reduces energy consumption during operation.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Based on the same principle as the method shown in Example 1 of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an excitation experimental system based on a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output, comprising:

[0058] As described in Example 1, a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output and a superconducting closed-loop magnet are provided; the superconducting closed-loop magnet includes a superconducting stator 201 and a superconducting magnet 202; one end of the superconducting stator 201 is disposed in the magnetic coupling air gap of the superconducting flux pump, and the other end is connected to the superconducting magnet 202;

[0059] The traveling wave magnetic field is superimposed on the DC bias magnetic field to generate a biased traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap, which acts on the superconducting stator 201 at the magnetic coupling air gap to generate a DC voltage output.

[0060] As shown in FIG5 , as an optional embodiment, superconducting stator 201 is installed perpendicular to the direction of the traveling wave. It is positioned between the three-phase AC core and the DC bias core of superconducting flux pump 100, forming a magnetic coupling air gap. Superconducting magnet 202 is connected to superconducting stator 201. When using a helical winding method, it is necessary to maintain superconducting stator 201 perpendicular to the direction of the traveling wave as much as possible. FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of the connection between superconducting magnet 202 and superconducting stator 201.

[0061] As an optional implementation, an extended superconducting flux pump excitation experimental system with a volt-level DC voltage output includes at least one extended volt-level flux pump and at least one superconducting magnet; the extended superconducting flux pump generates a biased traveling wave magnetic field in the magnetic coupling air gap between the three-phase AC iron core and the DC bias iron core, and the traveling wave magnetic field drags the flux quanta on the superconducting stator to move in a directional manner, and finally outputs a volt-level DC voltage to the superconducting magnet.

[0062] As an optional implementation, the superconducting stator can be made of high-temperature superconducting ReBCO tape, which is connected in series with the superconducting magnet to form a closed loop. The ReBCO tape comprises a Hastelloy substrate layer, a ReBCO layer, and a buffer layer. ReBCO is a superconducting material, where Re represents a rare earth element. The operating temperature of the superconducting magnet is below 90K.

[0063] Optionally, the arrangement direction of the superconducting stator 201 is perpendicular to the forward direction of the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase AC winding.

[0064] Optionally, the superconducting stator 201 is disposed at the magnetic coupling air gap of the superconducting flux pump 100 in a spirally wound manner.

[0065] The superconducting magnet 202 is wound from superconducting material, typically using a double-pancake coil winding method. The superconducting magnet 202 can also be formed by concentrically stacking at least two superconducting double-pancake coils connected in series or not, and the concentrically stacked multiple superconducting coils are fixed by corresponding support components.

[0066] In actual applications, superconducting stators and superconducting magnets are cooled to a superconducting state using a refrigerator, cold helium or liquid helium.

[0067] As an optional embodiment, the extended volt-class superconducting flux pump utilizes a helically wound superconducting stator for excitation. The superconducting magnet is connected to the superconducting flux pump via the superconducting stator. The cylindrical housing of the DC bias core is hidden in the diagram. The superconducting stator is helically wound to assemble with the extended superconducting flux pump, thereby increasing the superconducting flux pump's DC voltage output. The helical winding method also ensures that the traveling magnetic field is perpendicular to the superconducting stator's orientation as much as possible.

[0068] Optionally, the superconducting magnet is formed by concentrically stacking at least one superconducting double-pancake coil connected in series or not in series; the multiple concentrically stacked superconducting coils are fixed by a supporting assembly.

[0069] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output, characterized in that, It includes a three-phase AC iron core (101), a DC bias iron core (102), a three-phase AC winding (103) and a DC bias winding (104), and a cylindrical cover (105) sleeved outside the DC bias iron core (102); one end of the DC bias iron core (102) is connected to one end of the cylindrical cover (105); Tooth grooves (106) are arranged outside the three-phase AC iron core (101), and the three-phase AC winding (103) is wound in the tooth grooves (106) of the three-phase AC iron core (101); the DC bias winding (104) is wound outside the DC bias iron core (102); one end of the three-phase AC iron core (101) is arranged close to one end of the DC bias iron core (102); a magnetic coupling air gap is formed between the three-phase AC iron core (101) and the cylindrical cover (105); After three-phase electricity is applied to the three-phase AC winding (103), the generated magnetic field passes through the iron core for magnetic conduction and generates an alternating traveling wave magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth grooves (106) and the cylindrical cover (105); the magnetic field generated by the DC bias winding (104) passes through the iron core for magnetic conduction and generates a DC bias magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth grooves (106) and the cylindrical cover (105); after the traveling wave magnetic field and the DC bias magnetic field are superimposed, a biased traveling wave magnetic field is generated at the magnetic coupling air gap. After the alternating traveling wave magnetic field is biased by the DC bias magnetic field, it acts on the superconducting stator (201) at the magnetic coupling air gap and then generates a DC voltage output.

2. The superconducting flux pump with a sub-volt DC voltage output according to claim 1, wherein The DC bias iron core (102) is fixed on the disc (107); one end of the cylindrical cover (105) is fixed around the disc (107); the cylindrical cover (105) is sleeved outside the DC bias iron core (102); the magnetic field generated by the DC bias iron core (102) sequentially passes through the disc (107), the cylindrical cover (105), the tooth grooves (106) and the three-phase AC iron core (101) and returns to the DC bias iron core (102), and generates a DC bias magnetic field between the tooth grooves (106) and the cylindrical cover (105).

3. The superconducting flux pump with a sub-volt DC voltage output according to claim 1, wherein One end of the three-phase AC winding (103) is provided with a DC bias winding (104), one end of the DC bias iron core (102) is fixed on the disc (107), and one end of the cylindrical cover (105) is fixed around the disc (107).

4. The superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output according to claim 1, wherein Both ends of the three-phase AC winding (103) are provided with DC bias windings (104), one end of the DC bias iron core (102) is fixed on one disc (107), and the other end of the DC bias iron core (102) is fixed on another disc (107); one end of the cylindrical cover (105) is fixed around one disc (107), and the other end of the cylindrical cover (105) is fixed around another disc (107).

5. A superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traveling wave magnetic field acts on the superconducting stator (201) at the magnetic coupling air gap and then generates a DC voltage.

6. The superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superconducting stator (201) is arranged at the magnetic coupling air gap between the tooth grooves (106) and the cylindrical cover (105) in a way of being wound with a helix.

7. An excitation experiment system for a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes: A superconducting flux pump and a superconducting closed-loop magnet with a volt-level DC voltage output as claimed in claim 1; the superconducting closed-loop magnet includes a superconducting stator (201) and a superconducting magnet (202); one end of the superconducting stator (201) is disposed in the magnetic coupling air gap of the superconducting flux pump, and the other end is connected to the superconducting magnet (202). The traveling magnetic field and the DC bias magnetic field are superimposed to generate a biased traveling magnetic field at the magnetic coupling air gap, which acts on the superconducting stator (201) at the magnetic coupling air gap to generate a DC voltage.

8. The excitation experiment system of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output according to claim 7, characterized in that, The superconducting magnet (202) is formed by concentrically stacking at least one superconducting double-pancake coil in series or without series connection; the multiple superconducting coils stacked concentrically are fixed by a support assembly.

9. The excitation experiment system of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output according to claim 7, characterized in that, The setting direction of the superconducting stator (201) is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the traveling magnetic field generated by the three-phase AC winding.

10. The excitation experiment system of a superconducting flux pump with a volt-level DC voltage output according to claim 7, characterized in that, The superconducting stator (201) is arranged in a helically wound manner at the magnetic coupling air gap of the superconducting flux pump.

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