Repeat transmission method and apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a repeat transmission method and apparatus, and a storage medium. The method comprises: on the basis of a number of repetitions, performing uplink transmission and / or downlink reception with respect to a network device, the number of repetitions being determined by an Internet of Things device, or the number of repetitions being indicated by the network device. In the described embodiment, the transmission mode of repeatedly performing uplink transmission and / or downlink reception solves the problem of unstable communication between a network device and an Internet of Things device, and enhances transmission by means of repeated transmissions, thereby ensuring the reliability of communication between the network device and the Internet of Things device.

Description

Repeated transmission method, device and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a repeated transmission method, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, network devices and IoT devices can communicate with each other, but the communication between network devices and IoT devices may be affected and data cannot be transmitted normally.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The solution provided by the present disclosure solves the problem of limited communication between network devices and IoT devices, ensuring that the reliability of communication between network devices and IoT devices is enhanced through repeated transmission.

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a repeated transmission method, device, and storage medium.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a repeated transmission method is proposed, where the method is performed by an IoT device, and the method includes:

[0007] Uplink transmission and / or downlink reception are performed to the network device based on a number of repetitions, where the number of repetitions is determined by the IoT device, or the number of repetitions is indicated by the network device.

[0008] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a repeated transmission method is provided. The method is performed by a network device, and the method includes:

[0009] Based on the number of repetitions, uplink reception and / or downlink transmission are performed to the IoT device.

[0010] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a repeated transmission method is proposed, the method including:

[0011] The IoT device performs uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on a repetition number, wherein the repetition number is determined by the IoT device or indicated by the network device;

[0012] The network device receives uplinks and / or sends downlinks to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0013] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a repeated transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0014] A processing module is used to send uplink and / or receive downlink to the network device based on the number of repetitions, where the number of repetitions is determined by the Internet of Things device, or the number of repetitions is indicated by the network device.

[0015] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a repeated transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0016] The processing module is used to perform uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0017] According to a sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, an Internet of Things device is provided, including:

[0018] one or more processors;

[0019] Wherein, the Internet of Things device is used to execute any method described in the first aspect.

[0020] According to a seventh aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a network device is provided, including:

[0021] one or more processors;

[0022] The network device is used to execute any method described in the second aspect.

[0023] According to an eighth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including:

[0024] A terminal and an access network device, wherein the terminal is configured to implement the repeated transmission method described in the first aspect, and the access network device is configured to implement the repeated transmission method described in the second aspect.

[0025] According to a ninth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a storage medium is proposed, wherein the storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes a method as described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The illustrative embodiments of the embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions are used to explain the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not constitute an improper limitation on the embodiments of the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0027] FIG1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG1B is a schematic diagram illustrating an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG1C is a schematic diagram illustrating an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] FIG2A is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] FIG2B is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG2C is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] FIG2D is a schematic diagram showing an interval signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG2E is a schematic diagram showing an interval signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG2F is a schematic diagram showing an interval signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] FIG3A is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG3B is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG3C is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG4A is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG4B is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG4C is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG7A is a schematic structural diagram of a repeated transmission device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG7B is a schematic structural diagram of a repeated transmission device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG8A is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG8B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chip proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present disclosure provides a repeated transmission method, device, and storage medium.

[0049] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a repeated transmission method is proposed, where the method is performed by an IoT device, and the method includes:

[0050] Uplink transmission and / or downlink reception are performed to the network device based on a number of repetitions, where the number of repetitions is determined by the IoT device, or the number of repetitions is indicated by the network device.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the problem of limited communication between the network device and the IoT device is solved by repeatedly performing uplink transmission and / or downlink reception, ensuring enhanced transmission through repeated transmission, thereby ensuring the reliability of communication between the network device and the IoT device.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0053] First information sent by the network device is received, where the first information is used to indicate at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission block.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the network device configures the number of repetitions for the IoT device so that repeated transmissions can be performed between the network device and the IoT device, thereby ensuring transmission reliability.

[0055] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent via any one of broadcast, multicast or unicast.

[0056] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the number of repetitions indicated by the first information is applied to the uplink sending and / or downlink receiving before the next first information.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the number of repetitions indicated by the network device is valid before the next indication, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the number of repetitions indicated by the IoT device, and further ensuring the reliability of repeated transmission based on the number of repetitions.

[0058] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is also used to schedule the uplink transmission and / or downlink reception.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the first information sent by the network device is also used to schedule uplink transmission and / or downlink reception, ensuring repeated transmission during the scheduled uplink transmission and / or downlink reception, thereby ensuring the reliability of repeated transmission based on the number of repetitions.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0061] When no feedback is received or negative feedback is received after the uplink transmission is performed to the network device according to the number of repetitions, increasing the number of repetitions; or

[0062] After sending the uplink to the network device according to the number of repetitions, positive feedback is received N times in succession, and the number of repetitions is reduced.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the IoT device can determine how to adjust the number of repetitions based on whether feedback is received, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the number of repetitions and further ensuring the reliability of communication based on the number of repetitions.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, increasing the number of repetitions includes:

[0065] Expand the number of repetitions by a first factor; or

[0066] The number of repetitions is increased by a first value.

[0067] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, reducing the number of repetitions includes:

[0068] Reduce the number of repetitions by a second factor; or

[0069] The number of repetitions is reduced by a second value.

[0070] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, if the increased number of repetitions is greater than a maximum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the maximum threshold; or,

[0071] If the reduced number of repetitions is less than a minimum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the minimum threshold.

[0072] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0073] Sending second information to the network device and / or energy supply device, where the second information is used to indicate the number of repetitions, and the energy supply device is used to provide energy for the Internet of Things device.

[0074] In the above embodiment, after adjusting the number of repetitions, the IoT device will also indicate the adjusted number of repetitions to ensure the accuracy of the number of repetitions used by the IoT device determined by the network device or the energy supply device, thereby ensuring the reliability of repeated transmission.

[0075] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission.

[0076] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0077] An interval signal is transmitted after a single transmission block ends, where the interval signal is used to indicate whether there is a next transmission block or to indicate the end of all transmissions.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the interval signal is used to indicate whether repeated transmission ends or continues, thereby ensuring the accuracy of indicating repeated transmission and thus ensuring communication reliability.

[0079] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the interval signal is used to indicate whether the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block or a new data block.

[0080] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method is applicable to unicast transmission.

[0081] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a repeated transmission method, the method being performed by a network device, the method comprising:

[0082] Based on the number of repetitions, uplink reception and / or downlink transmission are performed to the IoT device.

[0083] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0084] First information is sent to the Internet of Things device, where the first information is used to indicate at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission block.

[0085] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent via any one of broadcast, multicast or unicast.

[0086] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the number of repetitions indicated by the first information is applied to the uplink reception and / or the downlink transmission before the next first information.

[0087] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is also used to schedule the uplink reception and / or the downlink transmission.

[0088] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0089] When no feedback is received or negative feedback is received after the downlink transmission is performed to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions, increasing the number of repetitions; or

[0090] After sending the downlink to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions, positive feedback is received N times in succession, and the number of repetitions is reduced.

[0091] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, increasing the number of repetitions includes:

[0092] Expand the number of repetitions by a first factor; or

[0093] The number of repetitions is increased by a first value.

[0094] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, reducing the number of repetitions includes:

[0095] Reduce the number of repetitions by a second factor; or

[0096] The number of repetitions is reduced by a second value.

[0097] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, if the increased number of repetitions is greater than a maximum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the maximum threshold; or,

[0098] If the reduced number of repetitions is less than a minimum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the minimum threshold.

[0099] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0100] Send third information to the Internet of Things device and / or the energy supply device, where the third information is used to indicate the number of repetitions, and the energy supply device is used to provide energy for the Internet of Things device.

[0101] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the third information includes at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission.

[0102] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0103] An interval signal is transmitted after a single transmission block ends, where the interval signal is used to indicate whether there is a next transmission block or to indicate the end of all transmissions.

[0104] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the interval signal is used to indicate whether the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block or a new data block.

[0105] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method is applicable to unicast transmission.

[0106] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a repeated transmission method, the method comprising:

[0107] The IoT device performs uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on a repetition number, wherein the repetition number is determined by the IoT device or indicated by the network device;

[0108] The network device receives uplinks and / or sends downlinks to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0109] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a repeated transmission device, which includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the terminal is used to execute the optional implementation method of the first aspect.

[0110] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a repeated transmission device, which includes at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the terminal is used to execute the optional implementation method of the second aspect.

[0111] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an Internet of Things device, including:

[0112] one or more processors;

[0113] The IoT device is used to execute the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0114] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including:

[0115] one or more processors;

[0116] The network device is used to execute any one of the methods in the second aspect.

[0117] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a storage medium storing first information. When the first information is run on a communication device, the communication device executes a method as described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0118] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a program product. When the program product is executed by a communication device, the communication device executes the method as described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0119] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute the method described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0120] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a chip or a chip system, wherein the chip or chip system includes a processing circuit configured to execute any one of the methods described in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0121] It is understandable that the above-mentioned terminals, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips or chip systems are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods and will not be repeated here.

[0122] The present disclosure provides a repeated transmission method, apparatus, and storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms "repeated transmission method," "information repeated transmission method," and "repeated transmission method" are interchangeable; the terms "repeated transmission apparatus," "information repeated transmission apparatus," and "repeated transmission apparatus" are interchangeable; and the terms "information processing system," "communication system," and "communication system" are interchangeable.

[0123] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive and are merely illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to be a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In the absence of contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0124] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified or provided for by logic, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0125] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0126] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, elements expressed in the singular, such as "a", "an", "the", "above", "said", "the", "the", etc., may mean "one and only one", or "one or more", "at least one", etc. For example, when using articles such as "a", "an", "the" in English in translation, the noun following the article may be understood as a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “plurality” refers to two or more.

[0128] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one," "one or more," "a plurality of," "multiple," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0129] In some embodiments, descriptions such as "at least one of A and B," "A and / or B," "A in one case, B in another case," or "in response to one case A, in response to another case B" may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); and in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0130] In some embodiments, "A or B" and other descriptions may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0131] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects and do not constitute any restriction on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the description objects. For the statement of the description object, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal number before the "field" in "first field" and "second field" does not limit the position or order between the "fields". "First" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they limit the order of the "first field" and "second field". For another example, if the description object is a "level", the ordinal number before the "level" in "first level" and "second level" does not limit the priority between the "levels". For another example, the number of description objects is not limited by the ordinal number and can be one or more. Taking "first device" as an example, the number of "devices" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the description object is "device", then the "first device" and the "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different; for another example, if the description object is "information", then the "first information" and the "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their contents can be the same or different.

[0132] In some embodiments, “including A,” “comprising A,” “used to indicate A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0133] In some embodiments, terms such as "time / frequency" and "time / frequency domain" refer to the time domain and / or the frequency domain.

[0134] In some embodiments, terms such as "in response to...", "in response to determining...", "in the case of...", "at the time of...", "when...", "if...", "if...", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0135] In some embodiments, terms such as "greater than", "greater than or equal to", "not less than", "more than", "more than or equal to", "not less than", "higher than", "higher than or equal to", "not less than", and "above" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "less than", "less than or equal to", "not greater than", "less than", "less than or equal to", "not more than", "lower than", "lower than or equal to", "not higher than", and "below" can be replaced with each other.

[0136] In some embodiments, devices and equipment can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they can also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "subject", etc.

[0137] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.

[0138] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)", "base station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", and in some embodiments may also be understood as "node", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission and / or reception point (TRP)" "panel", "antenna panel", "antenna array", "cell", "macro cell", "small cell", "femto cell", "pico cell", "sector", "cell group", "serving cell", "carrier", "component carrier", "bandwidth part (BWP)", etc.

[0139] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" may be referred to as "user equipment (terminal)", "user terminal" "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, etc.

[0140] In some embodiments, obtaining data, information, etc. may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the data is obtained.

[0141] In some embodiments, data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0142] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0143] FIG1A is a schematic diagram illustrating the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG1A , the method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to a communication system 100, which may include a terminal 101, a network device 102, and an IoT device 103. It should be noted that the communication system 100 may also include other devices, and the present disclosure does not limit the devices included in the communication system 100.

[0144] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 includes, for example, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication function, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and at least one of a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.

[0145] In some embodiments, the network device 102 may include at least one of an access network device and a core network device.

[0146] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a node B (NB), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved nodeB (HeNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base band unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an open base station (Open RAN), a cloud base station (Cloud RAN), a base station in other communication systems, and at least one of an access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0147] In some embodiments, the technical solution of the present disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within the access network devices involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of the Open RAN, and the processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented through software or programs.

[0148] In some embodiments, the access network device can be composed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), where the CU can also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can be used to split the protocol layer of the access network device, with the functions of some protocol layers centrally controlled by the CU, and the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU, but is not limited to this.

[0149] In some embodiments, a core network device may be a device including one or more network elements, or may be multiple devices or device groups, each including all or part of the one or more network elements. The network element may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), and a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0150] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0151] In some embodiments, IoT device 103 is an Ambient-IoT (Ambient-Internet of Things) device. Compared to NB-IoT terminals, Ambient-IoT devices are less complex and less expensive, with lower maintenance costs. Their main features are that they lack batteries and are instead powered by electromagnetic signals they receive, or they have batteries with a small amount of electrical storage capacity. However, these batteries do not require manual charging and can instead obtain energy from external sources, such as electromagnetic waves, heat, kinetic energy, and the like.

[0152] In some embodiments, different Ambient IoT device types and their operating methods vary, and their power acquisition and storage capabilities may also vary. Currently, the device types of ambient IoT devices are classified as follows:

[0153] Optionally, device A: cannot perform independent signal generation / amplification, for example, uses a backscattering working mode.

[0154] Alternatively, device B has energy storage capability but is unable to independently generate signals, for example, it uses backscattering, and can use the stored energy to amplify the reflected signal.

[0155] Optionally, device C has energy storage capability and can independently generate signals, such as an RF (Radio Frequency) module that actively sends signals.

[0156] In some embodiments, Ambient IoT devices use backscatter communication. Optionally, backscatter communication is a modulation and transmission technology designed using the principle of backscattering of radio frequency signals to design extremely low power consumption. Backscatter communication is when a radio frequency signal is received by an IoT device, and the internal circuit of the IoT device modulates the information to be transmitted based on the incident electromagnetic wave through methods such as load impedance modulation, and then sends out the modulated electromagnetic wave carrying the information. There are many ways to modulate information, such as ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) / FSK (Frequency shift keying) / PSK (Phase Shift Keying) and so on.

[0157] In some embodiments, for IoT device 103 using backscatter communication, network device 102 sends a downlink instruction to IoT device 103. After receiving the downlink instruction, IoT device 103 sends a corresponding feedback signal to the network device or performs the operation corresponding to the downlink instruction. While IoT device 103 is transmitting data, a CW (Continuous Wave) node is required to provide IoT device 103 with available reflected electromagnetic waves.

[0158] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 can be understood as a relay node, or a transfer node, or an intermediate node, that is, the terminal 101 is used for transfer between the network device 102 and the Internet of Things device 103.

[0159] It should be noted that the terminal 101 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be referred to as a device included in a relay node, and the terminal 101 may also be replaced by a relay node. In some embodiments, the relay node in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be a device included in a network device, that is, the network device in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes not only a base station but also a relay node.

[0160] In some embodiments, while transmitting data, the IoT device requires an energy source that provides continuous electromagnetic waves to provide electromagnetic waves for reflection by IoT device 103. In some embodiments, the energy source is a separate node, or network device 102 or terminal 101. For example, referring to FIG1A , network device 102 communicates with IoT device 103 through terminal 101.

[0161] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, terminal 101 may not exist. In other words, the communication system includes network device 102 and IoT device 103, and the network device and IoT device communicate directly. For example, referring to FIG1B , network device 102 communicates directly with IoT device 103.

[0162] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned communication system includes four types of communication links, namely a communication link (Link 1) for transmitting downlink information, a communication link (Link 2) for receiving uplink information, a communication link for sending CW (Link 3), and a communication link for sending charging signals (Link 4). The four nodes involved in these four links can be the same node, or they can be 2, 3, or 4 separate nodes. DSN (Downlink Signal Node, node sending downlink information), UR: (Uplink receiver, uplink information receiving node), CWN (Continuous wave Node, continuous electromagnetic wave sending node), ESN (Energy Source Node, energy source node). For example, referring to Figure 1C, the nodes corresponding to Link 1, Link 2, Link 3, and Link 4 are indicated respectively.

[0163] In some embodiments, the energy collection link (Link 4) in Figure 1C above may be controlled by the network. For example, the network can control the ESN to turn on or off the charging of the Ambient IoT device. The energy can come from electromagnetic waves or non-electromagnetic waves. In this case, it can be considered that the ESN can better coordinate with functions such as network scheduling to ensure that the IoT device is charged while minimizing the impact on the device's communication. However, it is also possible that the ESN is not controlled by the network, or that the Ambient IoT flexibly collects energy on its own according to the capabilities of the IoT device and the energy sources in the actual environment, such as collecting electromagnetic waves or non-electromagnetic wave energy that is not controlled by the network, and there is no specific ESN node. In this case, it can be considered that Link 4 does not exist.

[0164] The ESN function as an Energy Source (ES) is applicable only to device types B and C. CW is actually a type of ES, and A-IoT devices can receive CW and store energy. For device type A, due to its very limited energy storage capabilities, ES signals other than CW may not be defined. Alternatively, ES signals can also be used for device type A.

[0165] CWN, as a continuous wave (CW) stimulus, is only used by Devices A and B. A-IoT devices backscatter CW for uplink transmission. CW is actually a type of ES, and A-IoT devices can receive CW and store energy.

[0166] As the function of downlink transmission information, DSN sends indication information to A-IoT devices, thereby triggering uplink transmission of A-IoT devices.

[0167] As an uplink receiver, the UR receives uplink information backscattered by the A-IoT device or actively transmitted by the A-IoT device.

[0168] In some embodiments, a device may support only one of the aforementioned functions. Alternatively, a device may support multiple functions simultaneously. Alternatively, a device may support all of the aforementioned functions simultaneously. One or more devices may perform one of the aforementioned functions. To support effective communication with A-IoT devices, the network needs to coordinate the behavior of devices implementing the aforementioned DSN / UR / CWN / ESN.

[0169] The following embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A , or a portion thereof, but are not limited thereto. The entities shown in FIG1A are illustrative only. The communication system may include all or part of the entities shown in FIG1A , or may include other entities other than those shown in FIG1A . The number and form of the entities may be arbitrary, and the entities may be physical or virtual. The connection relationships between the entities are illustrative only. The entities may be connected or disconnected, and the connection may be in any manner, including direct or indirect, wired or wireless.

[0170] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), future radio access (FRA), new radio access technology (RAT), new radio (NR), new radio access (NX), future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), systems using other repetitive transmission methods, and next-generation systems based on and extending these systems. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G) may also be applied.

[0171] FIG2A is an interactive diagram of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2A , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, the method comprising:

[0172] Step S2101: The network device sends first information to the IoT device.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate at least one of a number of repetitions or a length of a single transport block. Alternatively, the first information is used to indicate the number of repetitions. Alternatively, the first information is used to indicate the length of a single transport block. Alternatively, the first information is used to indicate both the number of repetitions and the length of a single transport block.

[0174] In some embodiments, the number of repetitions refers to the number of transport blocks that are repeatedly sent. Alternatively, it can be understood that each transmission is a transmission of one transport block. Alternatively, it can be understood that the transmission of one transport block is one repeated transmission. For example, if the number of repetitions is 3, then three transport blocks are transmitted.

[0175] In some embodiments, the length of a single transmission block refers to the time domain length occupied by a transmission block when a network device communicates with an IoT device. In some embodiments, the length of a single transmission block can also be understood as the size of the time-frequency resources occupied by a single transmission block, or the number of time domain resources occupied by a single transmission block, or the duration required to transmit a single transmission block. A complete transmission from the transmitting end may include one or more transmission blocks.

[0176] In some embodiments, the first information is sent via broadcast, multicast, or unicast. Optionally, the network device sends the first information to the IoT device via broadcast. The broadcast method can also send the first information to other IoT devices. Optionally, the network device sends the first information to the IoT device via multicast. Optionally, the network device sends the first information to the IoT device individually via unicast.

[0177] In some embodiments, the number of repetitions indicated by the first information is applied to uplink transmission and / or downlink reception before the next first information is received. In the disclosed embodiments, the number of repetitions indicated by the first information has a valid duration, which is the time period before the next first information is sent by the network device. Alternatively, it can be understood that the current first information is valid before the next first information arrives and can be applied to uplink transmission and / or downlink reception of the IoT device.

[0178] For example, if the current first information is the first information 1, the number of repetitions indicated by the first information 1 is valid before the next first information 2 arrives, that is, the number of repetitions indicated by the first information 1 is applied to the uplink sending and / or downlink receiving before the next first information 2 arrives.

[0179] Optionally, uplink transmission refers to the IoT device sending data to the network device, and the network device receiving the data. Alternatively, uplink transmission can also be understood as data transmission from the IoT device to the network device. Optionally, downlink reception refers to the network device sending data to the IoT device, and the IoT device receiving the data. Alternatively, downlink reception can also be understood as data transmission from the network device to the IoT device.

[0180] In some embodiments, the first information is also used to schedule uplink transmission and / or downlink reception. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first information sent by the network device to the Internet of Things device is not only used to indicate the number of repetitions, but also used to schedule uplink transmission and / or downlink reception. Optionally, the first information is used to schedule uplink transmission and / or downlink reception, and the number of repetitions indicated by the first information also has a valid duration, and the valid duration is the period of uplink transmission and / or downlink reception scheduled by the first information. Alternatively, it can also be understood that the number of repetitions indicated by the first information is applied to the uplink transmission and / or downlink reception scheduled by the first information. Alternatively, it can also be understood that the number of repetitions indicated by the first information is valid during the period of uplink transmission and / or downlink reception scheduled by the first information. Optionally, the first information is used to schedule uplink transmission and / or downlink reception, and the number of repetitions indicated by the first information also has a valid duration, and the valid duration is the time period before the next arrival of the first information.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first information may also be indication information, configuration information, etc. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the name of the first information.

[0182] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure are described using the example of communication between a network device and an IoT device. In another embodiment, the network device and the IoT device communicate via a relay node.

[0183] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, if the first information is used to indicate the number of repetitions but not to schedule uplink transmission and / or downlink reception, the first information can be understood as a control instruction. In some embodiments, if the first information is used to indicate the number of repetitions and also to schedule uplink transmission and / or downlink reception, the first information refers to signaling having both functions.

[0184] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking the example of a network device sending a first message to an IoT device. In another embodiment, the network device will also send the first message to the energy supply device, so that the energy supply device can send a CW to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions indicated by the first message, so that the IoT device can send information based on the CW. In some embodiments, the energy supply device can be a CWN. In some embodiments, the energy supply device can also be a separate device, or the energy supply device can be the network device itself, or the energy supply device can also be the terminal in the above embodiment. In some embodiments, the IoT device in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be any one of the device A, device B or device C in the above embodiment.

[0185] Step S2102: The IoT device receives the first information sent by the network device.

[0186] In some embodiments, the above step S2101 may also be described as the network device sending the first information, and the corresponding step S2102 may be described as the IoT device receiving the first information.

[0187] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the IoT device receives the first information sent by the network device, it can determine the number of repetitions of transmission between the network device and the IoT device.

[0188] In step S2103, the IoT device performs uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on the number of repetitions.

[0189] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the IoT device determines the number of repetitions, it can perform uplink transmission and / or downlink reception based on the number of repetitions.

[0190] In some embodiments, the IoT device repeatedly transmits data uplink to the network device according to a repetition count. Alternatively, the IoT device repeatedly receives data downlink from the network device according to a repetition count. Optionally, transmitting data uplink based on a repetition count means that the IoT device repeatedly transmits the same data multiple times according to the repetition count. Optionally, receiving data downlink based on a repetition count means that the IoT device repeatedly receives the same data multiple times according to the repetition count.

[0191] In step S2104, the network device performs uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0192] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the network device indicates the number of repetitions through the first information, it can perform uplink reception and / or downlink transmission based on the number of repetitions.

[0193] In some embodiments, the network device repeatedly receives data uplinked to the IoT device based on a repetition count. Alternatively, the network device repeatedly transmits data downlinked to the IoT device based on a repetition count. Optionally, receiving data uplinked based on a repetition count means that the network device repeatedly receives the same data multiple times based on a repetition count. Optionally, transmitting data downlinked based on a repetition count means that the network device repeatedly transmits the same data multiple times based on a repetition count.

[0194] The repeated transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2104. For example, step S2101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2104 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, steps S2101 and S2102 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2101 and S2103 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2101 and S2104 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2102 and S2103 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2102 and S2104 can be implemented as independent embodiments, and steps S2103 and S2104 can be implemented as independent embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0195] In some embodiments, step S2101 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0196] In some embodiments, step S2102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0197] In some embodiments, step S2103 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0198] In some embodiments, step S2104 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0199] In some embodiments, step S2101 and step S2102 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0200] In some embodiments, step S2101 and step S2103 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0201] In some embodiments, step S2101 and step S2104 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0202] In some embodiments, step S2102 and step S2103 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0203] In some embodiments, step S2102 and step S2104 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0204] In some embodiments, step S2103 and step S2104 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0205] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2A .

[0206] FIG2B is an interactive diagram of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2B , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0207] In step S2201, the IoT device sends an uplink message to the network device according to the number of repetitions.

[0208] In the disclosed embodiment, the IoT device may send data to the network device, and the data may be sent repeatedly according to a repetition number.

[0209] In some embodiments, the number of repetitions can be a default value, or a value configured by the network device, or any value selected from multiple values, or a value set in other ways, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the default value can be agreed upon by the communication protocol, or configured in other ways, for example, the default value is 1, 2, 3 or other numerical values. This is not limited by the embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the value configured by the network device can be the value configured by the first information in the embodiment of Figure 2A above, or a value configured by the network device in other ways, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0210] In step S2202, if the IoT device does not receive any feedback or receives negative feedback after sending an uplink message to the network device according to the number of repetitions, the number of repetitions is increased.

[0211] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the IoT device can adjust the number of repetitions based on the situation of its own repeated uplink transmission. It can also be understood that the embodiment of the present disclosure is for the IoT device to adaptively adjust the number of repetitions.

[0212] In some embodiments, after the IoT device sends an uplink message to the network device, the network device needs to send feedback information to the IoT device, and inform the network device through the feedback information whether it has received the information sent by the IoT device. Optionally, the feedback information includes negative feedback and positive feedback. Among them, the negative feedback is used to indicate that the network device has not received the information sent by the IoT device. The positive feedback is used to indicate that the network device has received the information sent by the IoT device. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure is explained by taking the feedback information indicating whether the network device has received the information sent by the IoT device as an example. In another embodiment, the network device may not send feedback information, thereby indicating that the network device has not received the information sent by the IoT device.

[0213] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, if the IoT device does not receive feedback or receives negative feedback, it means that the network device has not received the repeated uplink transmission of the IoT device. Therefore, the IoT device can increase the number of repetitions so that the network device can receive the information sent by the IoT device.

[0214] In some embodiments, increasing the number of repetitions includes: expanding the number of repetitions according to a first multiple; or increasing the number of repetitions according to a first value. Optionally, the first multiple is agreed upon by a communication protocol or configured by a network device. For example, if the number of repetitions used by the IoT device is M and the first multiple is 2, the expanded number of repetitions is 2M, where M is a positive integer. Optionally, the first value is agreed upon by a communication protocol or configured by a network device. For example, if the number of repetitions used by the IoT device is M and the first multiple is K, the expanded number of repetitions is M+K, where K is a positive integer.

[0215] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, if the number of repetitions obtained by the increase is greater than the maximum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the maximum threshold. Alternatively, the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be understood as not exceeding the maximum threshold in the process of increasing the number of repetitions. If the maximum threshold is exceeded, the number of repetitions is determined to be the maximum threshold. For example, if the maximum threshold is 10, then if the number of repetitions obtained by the increase is 11, then the number of repetitions is determined to be 10. In some embodiments, when increasing the number of repetitions, the number of repetitions obtained by the increase should not be greater than the maximum threshold. In some embodiments, the maximum threshold is agreed upon by the communication protocol or configured by the network device. For example, the maximum threshold is 10, 15, 20 or other numerical values, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, if the maximum threshold is 10, then the number of repetitions obtained by the increase should not be greater than 10.

[0216] It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments are described using the example of receiving no feedback or receiving negative feedback. In another embodiment, the IoT device may also receive positive feedback. In the disclosed embodiments, if the IoT device receives positive feedback, it indicates that the network device has received repeated uplink transmissions from the IoT device. The IoT device can appropriately reduce the number of repetitions, and the network device can still receive information sent by the IoT device.

[0217] In some embodiments, if N consecutive positive feedbacks are received after uplink transmission to the network device according to the repetition count, the repetition count is reduced. Alternatively, if the IoT device provides N consecutive positive feedbacks, it means that the network device has received the uplink transmission from the IoT device N consecutive times, and since the data transmitted uplink N times is the same, the repetition count can be reduced, thereby reducing the data volume.

[0218] In some embodiments, reducing the number of repetitions includes: reducing the number of repetitions according to a second multiple; or reducing the number of repetitions according to a second value. Optionally, the second multiple is agreed upon by a communication protocol or configured by a network device. For example, if the number of repetitions used by an IoT device is M and the second multiple is 1 / 2, then the expanded number of repetitions is M / 2, where M is a positive integer. Optionally, the second value is agreed upon by a communication protocol or configured by a network device. For example, if the number of repetitions used by an IoT device is M and the second multiple is L, then the expanded number of repetitions is ML, where L is a positive integer.

[0219] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, if the number of repetitions obtained by reduction is less than the minimum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the minimum threshold. Alternatively, the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be understood as not being less than the minimum threshold in the process of reducing the number of repetitions. If it is less than the minimum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the minimum threshold. For example, if the minimum threshold is 3, then if the number of repetitions obtained by reduction is 1, the number of repetitions is determined to be 3. In some embodiments, when reducing the number of repetitions, the number of repetitions obtained by reduction should not be less than the minimum threshold. In some embodiments, the minimum threshold is agreed upon by the communication protocol or configured by the network device. For example, the minimum threshold is 3, 5, 8 or other numerical values, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, if the maximum threshold is 3, the number of repetitions obtained by reduction should not be less than 3.

[0220] It should be noted that embodiments of the present disclosure involve feedback information. In some embodiments, the feedback information may be a negative acknowledgement (NACK) or an acknowledgement (ACK). Optionally, the NACK is negative acknowledgement (NACK). The ACK is positive acknowledgement (ACK). In some embodiments, if the feedback information is positive acknowledgement (ACK), it may be information returned by the network device based on an uplink transmission.

[0221] It should be noted that the embodiments of this disclosure use increasing or decreasing the number of repetitions as an example. In another embodiment, the IoT device can independently determine the number of repetitions based on its implementation. In some embodiments, the IoT device determines the transmission requirements based on a preconfigured product algorithm and then determines the number of repetitions. In the embodiments of this disclosure, the IoT device can independently determine the number of repetitions and then perform subsequent steps based on the determined number of repetitions.

[0222] Step S2203: The IoT device sends second information to the network device.

[0223] Step S2204: The IoT device sends second information to the energy supply device.

[0224] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after adjusting the number of repetitions, the IoT device needs to inform the network device and / or the energy supply device of the adjusted number of repetitions so that the network device and / or the energy supply device can transmit data based on the adjusted number of repetitions.

[0225] In some embodiments, the second information is used to indicate the number of repetitions. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the IoT device can indicate the number of repetitions through the second information.

[0226] In some embodiments, the energy supply device is used to provide energy to the IoT device. Optionally, the energy supply device may be the CWM in the above embodiment.

[0227] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second information includes the number of repetitions, that is, the second information indicates the number of repetitions in an explicit manner. In some embodiments, the length of the single transmission is similar to the first information in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. Optionally, the Internet of Things device carries at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission at the beginning of the data frame format of the data sent. Optionally, the data frame format of the data begins with a preamble (sequence number).

[0228] In some embodiments, the IoT device transmits an interval signal after a single transmission block ends, and the interval signal is used to indicate whether there is a next transmission block or to indicate the end of all transmissions. Optionally, the transmission block refers to the transmission block sent by the IoT device each time it sends an uplink to the network device. It should be noted that the interval signal is connected to the transmission block in the time domain, or it can also be understood that there is no time interval between the transmission block and the interval signal. In some embodiments, the transmission block can also be called a data block, a data unit, a transmission unit, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0229] In some embodiments, the IoT device sends a transmission block each time it repeats transmission, and transmits an interval signal after the transmission block ends, so that the interval signal indicates whether there is a next transmission block or is used to indicate the end of all transmissions.

[0230] It should be noted that after determining the number of repetitions, the IoT device can send an interval signal according to the transmission block of each transmission. If the current transmission is not the last one, an interval signal is sent to indicate the existence of the next transmission block. If the current transmission is the last one, an interval signal is sent to indicate the end of all transmissions.

[0231] In some embodiments, if the interval signal is used to indicate the presence of a next transport block, it indicates that there are further transport blocks to be repeatedly transmitted. In some embodiments, if the interval signal is used to indicate the end of all transmissions, it indicates that repeated transmissions are completed after the interval signal, and the same transport block will not be transmitted again.

[0232] For example, referring to Figure 2D, an IoT device sends transmission block 1 to a network device. Transmission block 1 is followed by interval signal 1, which is followed by transmission block 2, which is followed by interval signal 2. For another example, an IoT device sends transmission block 1 to a network device. Transmission block 1 is followed by interval signal 1, which is followed by transmission block 2, which is followed by interval signal 2, indicating the completion of all transmissions. In some embodiments, the above embodiments are described using interval signal 2 as an example of an interval signal indicating the completion of all transmissions. In another embodiment, if there is no interval signal following a transmission block, then all transmissions are complete. In some embodiments, if the time domain length of a transmission block is a time domain threshold, then this transmission block is the last transmission block, indicating the completion of all transmissions. For example, if the time domain threshold is 20 time domain symbols, then if the time domain length of the last transmission block is 20 time domain symbols and there is no interval signal, then this last transmission block indicates the completion of all transmissions.

[0233] In some embodiments, an interval signal is used to indicate whether the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block or a new data block. Optionally, the interval signal is a signal waveform defined by the protocol. Optionally, when the interval signal has a first waveform, it indicates that the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block; when the interval signal has a second waveform, it indicates that the next adjacent data block is transmitting different data from the previous data block, i.e., a new data block. The end position of the last data block may be followed by an "end signal"; this end signal is a signal waveform defined by the protocol and is different from the interval signal.

[0234] For example, referring to Figure 2E , an IoT device sends transmission block 1 to a network device. Transmission block 1 is followed by interval signal 1, which has a first waveform. Interval signal 1 is followed by transmission block 2, which is followed by interval signal 2, which has a second waveform. For another example, referring to Figure 2F , an IoT device sends transmission block 1 to a network device. Transmission block 1 is followed by interval signal 1, which has a first waveform. Interval signal 1 is followed by transmission block 2, which is followed by interval signal 2, which has a second waveform. Interval signal 2 is followed by transmission block 3, which is followed by an end signal.

[0235] It should be noted that the embodiments of this disclosure are described using steps S2201-S2203 as an example. In another embodiment, the IoT device can directly send an interval signal when performing repeated transmissions, indicating whether to perform repeated transmissions via the interval signal. Alternatively, it can be understood that the scheme of sending transmission blocks and interval signals in the embodiments of this disclosure can form a separate embodiment, and this disclosure does not limit the execution process of the scheme of this application.

[0236] In some embodiments, the embodiment shown in FIG2B refers to a solution for adaptively adjusting repeated transmissions by IoT devices, and the method shown in FIG2B is applicable to unicast transmissions.

[0237] Step S2205: The energy supply device sends an energy supply signal to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0238] In some embodiments, the energy supply signal is used to provide energy for the IoT device. In some embodiments, the energy supply device may be a CWN. Optionally, the energy supply signal is a CW signal, or other types of signals, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the energy supply device may also be a separate device, or the energy supply device may be the network device itself, or the energy supply device may also be a terminal in the above embodiments. In some embodiments, the IoT device in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be any one of device A, device B, or device C in the above embodiments.

[0239] It should be noted that the present embodiment is described using the example of the IoT device sending the second information to the energy supply device in step S2204. In another embodiment, step S2204 may not be performed, and the network device may instead indicate the number of repetitions to the energy supply device. The present embodiment does not limit how the energy supply device determines the number of repetitions.

[0240] In step S2206, the IoT device performs uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on the number of repetitions.

[0241] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the IoT device determines the number of repetitions, it can perform uplink transmission and / or downlink reception based on the number of repetitions.

[0242] In some embodiments, the IoT device repeatedly transmits data uplink to the network device according to a repetition count. Alternatively, the IoT device repeatedly receives data downlink from the network device according to a repetition count. Optionally, transmitting data uplink based on a repetition count means that the IoT device repeatedly transmits the same data multiple times according to the repetition count. Optionally, receiving data downlink based on a repetition count means that the IoT device repeatedly receives the same data multiple times according to the repetition count.

[0243] In some embodiments, after receiving the energy supply signal sent by the energy supply device, the IoT device can perform uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on the energy provided by the energy supply signal.

[0244] In step S2207, the network device performs uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0245] In some embodiments, the network device repeatedly receives data uplinked to the IoT device based on a repetition count. Alternatively, the network device repeatedly transmits data downlinked to the IoT device based on a repetition count. Optionally, receiving data uplinked based on a repetition count means that the network device repeatedly receives the same data multiple times based on a repetition count. Optionally, transmitting data downlinked based on a repetition count means that the network device repeatedly transmits the same data multiple times based on a repetition count.

[0246] The repeated transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2201 to S2207. For example, step S2201 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2202 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2203 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2204 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2205 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2206 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2207 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, steps S2201 and S2202 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2201 and S2203 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2202 and S2203 can be implemented as independent embodiments, and steps S2204 and S2205 can be implemented as independent embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0247] In some embodiments, step S2201 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0248] In some embodiments, step S2202 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0249] In some embodiments, step S2203 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0250] In some embodiments, step S2204 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0251] In some embodiments, step S2205 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0252] In some embodiments, step S2206 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0253] In some embodiments, step S2207 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0254] In some embodiments, step S2201 and step S2202 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0255] In some embodiments, step S2201 and step S2203 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0256] In some embodiments, step S2202 and step S2203 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0257] In some embodiments, step S2204 and step S2205 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0258] In some embodiments, step S2206 and step S2207 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0259] In some embodiments, steps S2205, S2206, and S2207 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0260] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2B .

[0261] FIG2C is an interactive diagram of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2C , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0262] In step S2301, the network device sends a downlink message to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions.

[0263] In step S2302, if the network device does not receive any feedback or receives negative feedback after sending a downlink message to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions, the number of repetitions is increased.

[0264] In some embodiments, increasing the number of repetitions comprises:

[0265] Expand the number of repetitions by the first multiple; or

[0266] Increase the number of repetitions by the first value.

[0267] In some embodiments, if the increased number of repetitions is greater than a maximum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the maximum threshold.

[0268] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking the case where no feedback is received or negative feedback is received as an example. In another embodiment, the network device may also receive positive feedback.

[0269] In some embodiments, if N consecutive positive feedbacks are received after downlink transmission is performed to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions, the number of repetitions is reduced.

[0270] In some embodiments, reducing the number of repetitions comprises:

[0271] Reduce the number of repetitions by a second factor; or,

[0272] The number of repetitions is decreased by the second value.

[0273] In some embodiments, if the reduced number of repetitions is less than a minimum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the minimum threshold.

[0274] Step S2303: The network device sends third information to the IoT device.

[0275] Step S2304: The network device sends third information to the energy supply device.

[0276] In some embodiments, the third information is used to indicate the number of repetitions, and the energy supply device is used to provide energy to the IoT device.

[0277] The third information includes at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission.

[0278] In some embodiments, an interval signal is transmitted after a single transmission block ends, and the interval signal is used to indicate whether there is a next transmission block or to indicate the end of transmission.

[0279] In some embodiments, the interval signal is a signal waveform defined by a protocol or a signal waveform configured by a network; the interval signal is used to indicate whether the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block or a new data block.

[0280] In some embodiments, the method shown in FIG. 2C is applicable to unicast transmission.

[0281] It should be noted that the method in the embodiment of the present disclosure is similar to the method shown in FIG. 2B above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0282] Step S2305: The energy supply device sends an energy supply signal to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0283] In some embodiments, the energy supply signal is used to provide energy for the IoT device. In some embodiments, the energy supply device may be a CWN. Optionally, the energy supply signal is a CW signal, or other types of signals, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the energy supply device may also be a separate device, or the energy supply device may be the network device itself, or the energy supply device may also be a terminal in the above embodiments. In some embodiments, the IoT device in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be any one of device A, device B, or device C in the above embodiments.

[0284] It should be noted that the present embodiment uses step S2304, in which the network device sends the second information to the energy supply device, as an example. In another embodiment, step S2304 may not be performed, and the IoT device may instead indicate the number of repetitions to the energy supply device. The present embodiment does not limit how the energy supply device determines the number of repetitions.

[0285] Step S2306: The IoT device performs uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on the number of repetitions.

[0286] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the IoT device determines the number of repetitions, it can perform uplink transmission and / or downlink reception based on the number of repetitions.

[0287] In some embodiments, the IoT device repeatedly transmits data uplink to the network device according to a repetition count. Alternatively, the IoT device repeatedly receives data downlink from the network device according to a repetition count. Optionally, transmitting data uplink based on a repetition count means that the IoT device repeatedly transmits the same data multiple times according to the repetition count. Optionally, receiving data downlink based on a repetition count means that the IoT device repeatedly receives the same data multiple times according to the repetition count.

[0288] Step S2307: The network device performs uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0289] In some embodiments, the network device repeatedly receives data uplinked to the IoT device based on a repetition count. Alternatively, the network device repeatedly transmits data downlinked to the IoT device based on a repetition count. Optionally, receiving data uplinked based on a repetition count means that the network device repeatedly receives the same data multiple times based on a repetition count. Optionally, transmitting data downlinked based on a repetition count means that the network device repeatedly transmits the same data multiple times based on a repetition count.

[0290] The repeated transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2301 to S2307. For example, step S2301 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2302 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2303 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2304 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2305 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2306 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S2307 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Steps S2301 and S2302 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2301 and S2303 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2302 and S2303 can be implemented as independent embodiments, steps S2304 and S2305 can be implemented as independent embodiments, and steps S2306 and S2307 can be implemented as independent embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0291] In some embodiments, step S2301 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0292] In some embodiments, step S2302 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0293] In some embodiments, step S2303 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0294] In some embodiments, step S2304 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0295] In some embodiments, step S2305 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0296] In some embodiments, step S2306 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0297] In some embodiments, step S2307 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0298] In some embodiments, step S2301 and step S2302 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0299] In some embodiments, step S2301 and step S2303 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0300] In some embodiments, step S2302 and step S2303 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0301] In some embodiments, step S2304 and step S2305 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0302] In some embodiments, step S2306 and step S2307 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0303] In some embodiments, step S2305, step S2306, and step S2307 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0304] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2C .

[0305] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc. are not limited to the names described in the embodiments, and terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codeword", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0306] In some embodiments, terms such as "uplink", "uplink", "physical uplink" can be interchangeable with each other, and terms such as "downlink", "downlink", "physical downlink" can be interchangeable with each other, and terms such as "side", "sidelink", "side communication", "sidelink communication", "direct connection", "direct link", "direct communication", "direct link communication" can be interchangeable with each other.

[0307] In some embodiments, "obtain", "get", "get", "receive", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be interchangeable, and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining by self-processing, autonomous implementation, etc.

[0308] In some embodiments, terms such as "send", "transmit", "report", "download", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be used interchangeably.

[0309] In some embodiments, terms such as "moment", "time point", "time", and "time position" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "duration", "period", "time window", "window", and "time" can be replaced with each other.

[0310] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain", "preset", "preset", "setting", "indicated", "a certain", "any", and "first" can be interchangeable. "Specific A", "preset A", "preset A", "setting A", "indicated A", "a certain A", "any A", and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-specified in a protocol, etc., or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or indication, etc., or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, etc., but not limited to this.

[0311] FIG3A is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to an IoT device. As shown in FIG3A , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0312] Step S3101: The IoT device receives first information sent by the network device.

[0313] The optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0314] In step S3102, the IoT device sends uplink and / or receives downlink to the network device based on the number of repetitions.

[0315] The optional implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0316] The repeated transmission method involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3102. For example, step S3101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S3102 may be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0317] FIG3B is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to an IoT device. As shown in FIG3B , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0318] In step S3201, the IoT device sends an uplink message to the network device according to the number of repetitions.

[0319] The optional implementation of step S3201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2201 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0320] In step S3202, if the IoT device does not receive any feedback or receives negative feedback after sending an uplink message to the network device according to the number of repetitions, the number of repetitions is increased.

[0321] The optional implementation of step S3202 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0322] Step S3203: The IoT device sends second information to the network device and / or the energy supply device.

[0323] The optional implementation of step S3203 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2203 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0324] In step S3204, the IoT device performs uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on the number of repetitions.

[0325] The optional implementation of step S3204 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2204 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0326] The repeated transmission method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S3201 to S3204. For example, step S3201 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S3202 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S3203 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S3204 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0327] FIG3C is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to an IoT device. As shown in FIG3C , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0328] In step S3301, the IoT device sends uplink and / or receives downlink to the network device based on the number of repetitions.

[0329] The optional implementation method of step S3301 can be found in the optional implementation method of step S2103 in Figure 2A, the optional implementation method of step S2204 in Figure 2B, the optional implementation method of step S2304 in Figure 2C, step S3102 in Figure 3A, step S3104 in Figure 3B and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A and 3B, which will not be repeated here.

[0330] FIG4A is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a network device. As shown in FIG4A , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0331] Step S4101: The network device sends first information to the IoT device.

[0332] Optional implementations of step S4101 may refer to step S2101 in FIG. 2A and other related parts of the embodiment involved in FIG. 2A , which will not be described in detail here.

[0333] In step S4102, the network device performs uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0334] Optional implementations of step S4102 may refer to step S2104 in FIG. 2A and other related parts of the embodiment involved in FIG. 2A , which will not be described in detail here.

[0335] The repeated transmission method involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S4101 and S4102. For example, step S4101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S4102 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0336] FIG4B is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a network device. As shown in FIG4B , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0337] In step S4201, the network device sends a downlink message to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions.

[0338] The optional implementation of step S4201 can be found in step S2301 of FIG. 2C and other related parts of the embodiment involved in FIG. 2C , which will not be described in detail here.

[0339] In step S4202, if the network device does not receive any feedback or receives negative feedback after sending a downlink message to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions, the number of repetitions is increased.

[0340] Optional implementations of step S4202 may refer to step S2302 in FIG. 2C and other related parts of the embodiment involved in FIG. 2C , which will not be described in detail here.

[0341] Step S4203: The network device sends third information to the IoT device and / or the energy supply device.

[0342] The optional implementation of step S4203 can be found in step S2303 of FIG. 2C and other related parts of the embodiment involved in FIG. 2C , which will not be described in detail here.

[0343] In step S4204, the network device performs uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0344] The optional implementation of step S4204 can be found in step S2305 of FIG. 2C and other related parts of the embodiment involved in FIG. 2C , which will not be described in detail here.

[0345] FIG4C is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a network device. As shown in FIG4C , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0346] In step S4301, the network device performs uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0347] The optional implementation method of step S4301 can be found in the optional implementation method of step S2104 in Figure 2A, the optional implementation method of step S2205 in Figure 2B, the optional implementation method of step S2305 in Figure 2C, step S4102 in Figure 4A, step S4104 in Figure 4B and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2A, 2B, 2C, 4A and 4B, which will not be repeated here.

[0348] FIG5 is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG5 , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, which includes:

[0349] Step S5101: The IoT device sends uplink and / or receives downlink to the network device based on the number of repetitions.

[0350] For the optional implementation of step S5101, please refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2A, the optional implementation of step S2204 in Figure 2B, the optional implementation of step S2304 in Figure 2C, step S3102 in Figure 3A, step S3204 in Figure 3B and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A and 3B, which will not be repeated here.

[0351] Step S5102: The network device performs uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

[0352] The optional implementation method of step S5102 can be found in the optional implementation method of step S2104 in Figure 2A, the optional implementation method of step S2205 in Figure 2B, the optional implementation method of step S2305 in Figure 2C, step S3102 in Figure 4A, step S3104 in Figure 4B and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2A, 2B, 2C, 4A and 4B, which will not be repeated here.

[0353] In some embodiments, the above method may include the methods of the above embodiments of the communication system side, terminal side, network device side, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0354] FIG6 is a flow chart of a repeated transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG6 , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a repeated transmission method, and the method includes:

[0355] Step S6101: For uplink transmission and downlink transmission, repeated transmission is used to enhance coverage.

[0356] For downlink and / or uplink transmission, the network node (including the base station and the UE acting as a relay node) indicates that repeated transmission is used for downlink and / or uplink transmission:

[0357] 1. The network node may indicate the number of repetitions and the size of resources occupied by a single transmission (eg, the number of time domain resources occupied by a single transmission) in the first instruction.

[0358] a) The first instruction can be broadcast, multicast, or unicast. The number of repetitions indicated will apply to the device that receives the broadcast instruction; the target terminal of the multicast instruction; and the target terminal of the unicast instruction.

[0359] b) The first instruction is a control instruction and may not schedule downlink and / or uplink data.

[0360] i. The number of repetitions indicated by the first instruction will be applied to all downlink and / or uplink transmissions after the first instruction. Until the next first instruction indicates a different number of repetitions or indicates no repetitions

[0361] c) The first instruction can schedule downlink and / or uplink data

[0362] i. The number of repetitions indicated by the first instruction will be applied to the downlink and / or uplink transmissions scheduled by the first instruction.

[0363] For downlink and / or uplink transmission, the sender determines the number of repetitions. The sender can be a DSN (Downlink Signal Node) or a device:

[0364] 1. The sender can adaptively adjust the number of repetitions, for example:

[0365] a) If the sender repeats a transmission N times in the previous transmission but receives a negative acknowledgment or does not receive an acknowledgment, the sender will increase the number of repetitions in the next transmission, for example, to N+K1 times, or 2N times, etc.

[0366] i. How to increase the number of transmissions can be defined by the protocol. The K1 value can be defined by the protocol or network configuration.

[0367] ii. The protocol defines or the network configures the maximum number of transmissions, N-max. When the sender increases the number of transmissions, it must not exceed N-max.

[0368] b) For data sent by the sender, if the sender receives L consecutive positive responses, the sender will reduce the number of repetitions in the next transmission, for example, to N-K2 times, or N / 2 times, etc.

[0369] i. How to reduce the number of transmissions can be defined by the protocol. The L and K2 values ​​can be defined by the protocol or network configuration.

[0370] ii. The protocol defines or the network configures the maximum number of transmissions, N-min. When the sender reduces the number of transmissions, it must not fall below N-min. If not configured, the default value is N-min = 1.

[0371] c) The negative acknowledgment / positive acknowledgment in a) and b) above indicates the receiving end's response information to the received information. The response information may include multiple situations, such as feedback NACK / ACK, or for a positive acknowledgment, it may also be information returned by the receiving end according to the data transmission process after receiving the information from the sending end.

[0372] d) Adaptive adjustment of the number of repetitions by the transmitter only applies to unicast data transmission. Adaptive adjustment of repetitions is essentially a form of link adaptation, applied to point-to-point links between the sending and receiving endpoints. Therefore, it is applicable to unicast links.

[0373] 2. The sender needs to explicitly or implicitly indicate the number of repeated transmissions, or equivalently, whether the repeated transmission has ended, the end time of the repeated transmission, etc.

[0374] This is important for devices using backscattering (as the transmitter), because the CWN must ensure that CW transmission continues before the device ends its uplink transmission. The CWN needs to know this explicit or implicit indication to determine when it should send CWs. The CWN can obtain this indication directly from the device or obtain information about when uplink transmission ends from other network nodes.

[0375] b) Display indication: The transmitter may display the length of a single transmission (eg, how many time domain symbols a repetition occupies) and the number of repeated transmissions in the frame header (eg, preamble) of the data frame format.

[0376] c) Implicit indication: The transmitting end sets an "interval signal" between two adjacent repeated transmissions. The interval signal is a signal waveform defined by the protocol.

[0377] i. When the receiving end receives the interval signal, it indicates that there will be the next repeated transmission.

[0378] 1. When the device acts as the transmitter, the receiver can be either an uplink receiver (UR) or a continuous wave node (CWN). Alternatively, the CWN may not directly receive the signal but may receive an indication from the UR that a repeat transmission is imminent, thereby maintaining continuous CW transmission.

[0379] 2. For the last repetition, there may be an "end signal" after its end position. The end signal is a signal waveform defined by the protocol and is different from the interval signal.

[0380] 3. Another embodiment. The transmitting end inserts an "interval signal" between the transmissions of two adjacent data blocks. The interval signal is a signal waveform defined by the protocol or configured by the base station. The interval signal is used to indicate whether the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block or a new data block. For example, when the interval signal is a first waveform, it indicates that the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block; when the interval signal is a second waveform, it indicates that the next adjacent data block is different data from the previous data block, that is, a new data block. In one scenario, there may be an "end signal" after the end position of the last data block. The end signal is a signal waveform defined by the protocol and is different from the interval signal. In another scenario, no end signal is transmitted after the end position of the last data block.

[0381] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations of other embodiments.

[0382] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a terminal in any of the above methods. For another example, another apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network function node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0383] It should be understood that the division of the various units or modules in the above device is merely a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or they may be physically separated. In addition, the units or modules in the device may be implemented in the form of a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and the memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or implement the functions of the various units or modules of the above device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units or modules can be realized by designing the hardware circuits. The above-mentioned hardware circuits can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which realizes the functions of some or all of the above units or modules by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit; for example, in another implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit can be realized by a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by configuring the configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above devices can be realized in the form of software called by the processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by the form of software called by the processor, and the rest by hardware circuits.

[0384] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of the hardware circuit. The logical relationship of the above-mentioned hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and implementing the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0385] Figure 7A is a structural diagram of the repeated transmission device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7A, the repeated transmission device 7100 may include: at least one of a transceiver module 7101, a processing module 7102, etc. In some embodiments, the processing module 7102 is used to perform uplink transmission and / or downlink reception to the network device based on the number of repetitions, and the number of repetitions is determined by the Internet of Things device, or the number of repetitions is indicated by the network device. The transceiver module 7101 is used to send the first data to the network device. Optionally, the above-mentioned transceiver module 7101 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving executed by the terminal in any of the above methods (for example, step S2101 but not limited to this), which will not be repeated here. Optionally, the above-mentioned processing module is used to execute at least one of the other steps executed by the terminal in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0386] Optionally, the processing module 7102 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps such as processing performed by the terminal in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0387] FIG7B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the repeated transmission device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG7B , the repeated transmission device 7200 may include: at least one of a transceiver module 7201 and a processing module 7202. In some embodiments, the processing module 7202 is used to perform uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions. Optionally, the above-mentioned transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the network device in any of the above methods (such as step S2102 but not limited thereto), which will not be repeated here.

[0388] Optionally, the processing module 7202 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps such as processing performed by the network device in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0389] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, and the transmitting module and the receiving module may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with the transceiver.

[0390] In some embodiments, the processing module can be a single module or can include multiple submodules. Optionally, the multiple submodules each execute all or part of the steps required to be executed by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module can be interchangeable with the processor.

[0391] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 8100 proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Communication device 8100 can be a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network device, etc.), a terminal, a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports a network device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports a terminal to implement any of the above methods. Communication device 8100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiments.

[0392] As shown in Figure 8A, the communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101. Processor 8101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control a repetitive transmission device (such as a base station, baseband chip, terminal, terminal chip, DU or CU, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. The communication device 8100 is used to perform any of the above methods.

[0393] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8102 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 8102 may be located outside the communication device 8100.

[0394] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8103. When the communication device 8100 includes one or more transceivers 8103, the transceiver 8103 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (for example, step S2101, step S2102, step S2103, step S2104, but not limited thereto).

[0395] In some embodiments, a transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter. The receiver and transmitter may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, and transceiver circuit may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, and transmitting circuit may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, and receiving circuit may be used interchangeably.

[0396] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 may include one or more interface circuits 8104. Optionally, the interface circuit 8104 is connected to the memory 8102. The interface circuit 8104 may be configured to receive signals from the memory 8102 or other devices, and may be configured to send signals to the memory 8102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 8104 may read instructions stored in the memory 8102 and send the instructions to the processor 8101.

[0397] The communication device 8100 described in the above embodiment may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may not be limited by FIG. 8A. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: 1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include a storage component for storing data or programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, a terminal, an intelligent terminal, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, an in-vehicle device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0398] FIG8B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip 8200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. If the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 8200 shown in FIG8B , but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0399] The chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201 , and the chip 8200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0400] In some embodiments, the chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202. Optionally, the interface circuit 8202 is connected to the memory 8203. The interface circuit 8202 can be used to receive signals from the memory 8203 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to the memory 8203 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit 8202 can read instructions stored in the memory 8203 and send the instructions to the processor 8201.

[0401] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 8202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method, and the processor 8201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0402] In some embodiments, terms such as interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, and transceiver may be used interchangeably.

[0403] In some embodiments, the chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing instructions. Alternatively, all or part of the memories 8203 may be outside the chip 8200.

[0404] The present disclosure also proposes a storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on the communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0405] The present disclosure also provides a program product, which, when executed by the communication device 8100, enables the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0406] The present disclosure also proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any one of the above methods.

Claims

1. A repeated transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by an IoT device, and includes: Uplink transmission and / or downlink reception are performed to the network device based on a number of repetitions, where the number of repetitions is determined by the IoT device, or the number of repetitions is indicated by the network device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: First information sent by the network device is received, where the first information is used to indicate at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission block.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The number of repetitions indicated by the first information is applied to the uplink transmission and / or downlink reception before the next first information.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The first information is also used to schedule the uplink transmission and / or downlink reception.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When no feedback is received or negative feedback is received after the uplink transmission is performed to the network device according to the number of repetitions, increasing the number of repetitions; or After sending the uplink to the network device according to the number of repetitions, positive feedback is received N times in succession, and the number of repetitions is reduced.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Increasing the number of repetitions includes: Expand the number of repetitions by a first factor; or The number of repetitions is increased by a first value.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The reducing the number of repetitions comprises: Reduce the number of repetitions by a second factor; or The number of repetitions is reduced by a second value.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that If the increased number of repetitions is greater than the maximum threshold, determining that the number of repetitions is the maximum threshold; or, If the reduced number of repetitions is less than a minimum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the minimum threshold.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 5 to 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Sending second information to the network device and / or energy supply device, where the second information is used to indicate the number of repetitions, and the energy supply device is used to provide energy for the Internet of Things device.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The second information includes at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 5 to 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises: An interval signal is transmitted after a single transmission block ends, where the interval signal is used to indicate whether there is a next transmission block or to indicate the end of all transmissions.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The interval signal is used to indicate whether the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block or a new data block.

13. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that: The method is applicable to unicast transmission.

14. A repeated transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a network device, and includes: Based on the number of repetitions, uplink reception and / or downlink transmission are performed to the IoT device.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The method further comprises: First information is sent to the Internet of Things device, where the first information is used to indicate at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission block.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The number of repetitions indicated by the first information is applied to the uplink reception and / or the downlink transmission before the next first information.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The first information is further used to schedule the uplink reception and / or the downlink transmission.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that The method further comprises: When no feedback is received or negative feedback is received after the downlink transmission is performed to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions, increasing the number of repetitions; or After sending the downlink to the IoT device according to the number of repetitions, positive feedback is received N times in succession, and the number of repetitions is reduced.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that Increasing the number of repetitions includes: Expand the number of repetitions by a first factor; or The number of repetitions is increased by a first value.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein The reducing the number of repetitions comprises: Reduce the number of repetitions by a second factor; or The number of repetitions is reduced by a second value.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that If the increased number of repetitions is greater than the maximum threshold, determining that the number of repetitions is the maximum threshold; or, If the reduced number of repetitions is less than a minimum threshold, the number of repetitions is determined to be the minimum threshold.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14 or 18 to 21, characterized in that The method further comprises: Send third information to the Internet of Things device and / or the energy supply device, where the third information is used to indicate the number of repetitions, and the energy supply device is used to provide energy for the Internet of Things device.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that The third information includes at least one of the number of repetitions or the length of a single transmission.

24. The method according to any one of claims 14 or 18 to 21, characterized in that The method further comprises: An interval signal is transmitted after a single transmission block ends, where the interval signal is used to indicate whether there is a next transmission block or to indicate the end of all transmissions.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The interval signal is used to indicate whether the next adjacent data block is a repetition of the previous data block or a new data block.

26. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that The method is applicable to unicast transmission.

27. A repeated transmission device, characterized in that: The repeated transmission device comprises: A processing module is used to send uplink and / or receive downlink to the network device based on the number of repetitions, where the number of repetitions is determined by the Internet of Things device, or the number of repetitions is indicated by the network device.

28. A repeated transmission device, characterized in that: The repeated transmission device comprises: The processing module is used to perform uplink reception and / or downlink transmission to the IoT device based on the number of repetitions.

29. An Internet of Things device, characterized in that: The IoT devices include: one or more processors; The processor is configured to execute the repeated transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

30. A network device, characterized in that: The repeated transmission device comprises: one or more processors; The processor is configured to execute the repeated transmission method according to any one of claims 14 to 26.

31. A communication system, characterized in that: It includes an Internet of Things device and a network device, wherein the Internet of Things device is configured to implement the repeated transmission method described in any one of claims 1 to 13, and the network device is configured to implement the repeated transmission method described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

32. A storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the repeated transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

33. A program product, characterized in that When the program product is executed by a communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the repeated transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

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