Devices, methods, and medium for communication
By allowing network devices to request on-demand PRS transmissions, the solution addresses data collection challenges for AI/ML models, improving positioning accuracy and reliability in environments with weak GPS signals.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/076795
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies face challenges in initiating data collection for AI/ML models deployed at network devices for accurate and timely user equipment (UE) positioning, particularly in environments where GPS signals are weak or unavailable.
A network device with a deployed AI/ML model can transmit a message to a location management function (LMF) requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or configuration update, enabling data collection for model training, inference, and monitoring.
Ensures timely and accurate data collection for AI/ML model usage, enhancing positioning accuracy and reliability, especially in indoor environments.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024076795_14082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES, METHODS, AND MEDIUM FOR COMMUNICATIONFIELD
[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices, methods, and a computer readable medium for communication.BACKGROUND
[0002] Supporting various positioning methods to provide reliable, timely and accurate user equipment (UE) location is one of the key features of the third generation partnership project (3GPP) standard. It has been agreed to investigate the potential for artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) in air interface to improve comprehensive performance in 5G-adcanced (5G-A) . AI / ML based mechanism to improve the positioning accuracy is one of the use cases to apply AI / ML in air interface.
[0003] Positioning related reference signals include positioning reference signals (PRSs) from a network device, such as a gNB. If there is an AI / ML model deployed at the gNB, an issue that how to initiate data collection for the AI / ML model is needed to be studied.SUMMARY
[0004] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide devices, methods, and a computer storage medium for communication.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises at least one processor configured to cause the network device at least to: transmit, to a location management function (LMF) , a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration, wherein there is a deployed model for positioning at the network device; receive, from the LMF, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message; and transmit, to a terminal device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the second message.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided an LMF. The LMF comprises at least one processor configured to cause the LMF at least to: receive, from a network device with a deployed model for positioning, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration; and transmit, to the network device, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises at least one processor configured to cause the terminal device at least to: receive, from an LMF, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used; transmit, to a network device with a deployed model for positioning, an uplink message indicating the on-demand PRS configuration to be used; and receive, from the network device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the on-demand PRS configuration.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises at least one processor configured to cause the network device at least to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and transmit, to the terminal device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises at least one processor configured to cause the terminal device at least to: receive, from a network device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and receive, from the network device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a method of communication performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, at a network device to an LMF, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration, wherein there is a deployed model for positioning at the network device; receiving, from the LMF, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message; and transmitting, to a terminal device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the second message.
[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a method of communication performed by an LMF. The method comprises: receiving, at an LMF from a network device with a deployed model for positioning, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration; and transmitting, to the network device, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message.
[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a method of communication performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, at a terminal device from an LMF, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used; transmitting, to a network device with a deployed model for positioning, an uplink message indicating the on-demand PRS configuration to be used; and receiving, from the network device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the on-demand PRS configuration.
[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a method of communication performed by a network device. The method comprises: transmitting, at a network device to a terminal device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and transmitting, to the terminal device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0014] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a method of communication performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: receiving, at a terminal device from a network device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and receiving, from the network device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0015] In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to any one of the sixth to tenth aspects above.
[0016] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0018] FIG. 1A an example communication network in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0019] FIG. 1B illustrates a general positioning procedure for On-Demand PRS transmission;
[0020] FIG. 2 illustrates a signalling chart illustrating a communication process in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 3A illustrates an example signalling chart illustrating a process of a gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 3B illustrates an example signalling chart illustrating a process of a gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 4A illustrates an example schematic of a configuration for gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 4B illustrates an example schematic of a configuration for gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 4C illustrates an example schematic of a configuration for gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG. 5 illustrates a signalling chart illustrating a communication process in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0027] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0028] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at an LMF in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0029] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0032] FIG. 11 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0033] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0035] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0036] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0037] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0038] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0039] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0040] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards or technologies, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Code Divided Multiple Address (CDMA) , Frequency Divided Multiple Address (FDMA) , Time Divided Multiple Address (TDMA) , Frequency Divided Duplexer (FDD) , Time Divided Duplexer (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Divided Multiple Access (OFDMA) , cdma2000, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, beyond 5G (B5G) , the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. The techniques described herein may be used for the wireless networks and radio technologies mentioned above as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0041] As used herein, the term “terminal device” refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, device on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also be incorporated one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0042] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a satellite, an unmanned aerial systems (UAS) platform, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0043] In one embodiment, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node (MN) and the other one may be a secondary node (SN) . The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In one embodiment, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In one embodiment, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device and the second network device. In one embodiment, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In one embodiment, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0044] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0045] The terminal device or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g. frequency range 1 (FR1) (410 MHz –7125 MHz) , frequency range 2 (FR2) (24.25GHz to 71GHz) , frequency band larger than 100GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network device under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0046] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, or channel emulator.
[0047] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G, 5G, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or 6G networks.
[0048] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0049] As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The terms “first, ” “second, ” and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0050] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0051] The terminal device or the network device may have AI or ML capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0052] As used herein, a model may be equivalent to at least one of the following: an AI / ML model, an ML model, an AI model, a data-driven, a data processing model, an algorithm, a functionality, a procedure, a process, an entity, a function, a feature, a feature group, a model identifier (ID) , an ID, a functionality ID, a configuration ID, a scenario ID, a site ID, or a dataset ID. As a result, the above terms may be used interchangeably.
[0053] In some embodiments, the model may be represented by or associated with a channel, a resource, a resource set, a reference signal (RS) resource, an RS resource set, an RS port, a set of RS ports, an RS port ID, or a set of RS port IDs.
[0054] In some embodiments, the model may comprise a set of weights values that may be learned during training, e.g. for a specific architecture or configuration, where a set of weights values may also be called a parameter set.
[0055] In some embodiments, the model may be used to predict a target cell, or measurements of a set of beams of a set of candidate cells in future based on at least historical measurements (e.g., layer 1 (L1) -reference signal received power (RSRP) , L1-signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) ) of a set of beams of a set of candidate cells.
[0056] In some embodiments, an input of the AI / ML model (i.e., AI input) may refer to the input of a model and indicate data inputted into the model, which may be equivalent to data.
[0057] In some embodiments, an output of AI / ML model (i.e., AI output) may refers to the output of a model and indicate result (s) outputted by the model, which is equivalent to label / data.
[0058] In some embodiments, “ground truth” , “ground truth label” , “ground truth label of data” , “input label” , “input data” and “data” can be used interchangeably.
[0059] In some embodiments, a ground truth label of data (or ground-truth label) for monitoring or training the ML model (i.e., AI output) may refers to the authoritative, accepted data, or true answer or outcome for AI / ML model.
[0060] In some embodiments, the ground truth can be interpreted as actual / factual (i.e. actual / factual measured) data / values / results / collections / parameters, which can be used as reference, compared to prediction or inference.
[0061] AI / ML techniques play a significant role in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of positioning, which is particularly useful in indoor environments where global position system (GPS) signals might be weak or unavailable.
[0062] An AI / ML model may be deployed at a terminal device (such as a UE) , a network device (such as one or more gNBs or transmission reception points (TRPs) ) , or a core network entity (such as a location management function (LMF) ) . The AI / ML model may be used for positioning, e.g. determining a positon (or location) of a UE. Some cases (case 1, case 2b, and case 3b below) are discussed as direct AI / ML positioning, and some other cases (case 2a, and case 3a below) are discussed as AI / ML assisted positioning:
[0063] · (1st priority) Case 1: UE-based positioning with UE-side model, direct AI / ML positioning.
[0064] · (2nd priority) Case 2b: UE-assisted / LMF-based positioning with LMF-side model, direct AI / ML positioning.
[0065] · (1st priority) Case 3b: NG-RAN node assisted positioning with LMF-side model, direct AI / ML positioning.
[0066] · (2nd priority) Case 2a: UE-assisted / LMF-based positioning with UE-side model, AI / ML assisted positioning.
[0067] · (1st priority) Case 3a: NG-RAN node assisted positioning with gNB-side model, AI / ML assisted positioning.
[0068] An enhancement for the accuracy of the AI / ML positioning is a work item (WI) in release 19. An AI / ML model can be deployed as UE side, gNB side, or LMF side. A model input may be integrated information of timing, power and phase, such as channel impulse response (CIR) , power delay profile (PDP) , or delay of path (DP) . A model output may be a UE location (e.g. a direct AI / ML positioning) or an intermediate measurement (e.g. AI / ML assisted positioning) . For example, an intermediate measurement may be a time of arrival (TOA) , which is obtained by extracting the model input and from one or more reference signals, such as channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for downlink (DL) , PRS for DL, or sounding reference signal (SRS) for uplink (UL) .
[0069] In case the AI / ML model is deployed at gNB side, it is reasonable that the gNB initiates data collection based on configured PRS resource, but details of which should be studied.
[0070] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution of communication. In the solution, a network device with a deployed model for positioning may transmit a first message to the LMF for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration, e.g. for an on-demand PRS transmission. In addition, the on-demand PRS transmission may be enabled at the network device. As such, data collection at the network device can be initiated by the network device itself through an on-demand PRS transmission, therefore, the model usage, such as model training, model inference, model monitoring, etc. may be guaranteed. Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0071] FIG. 1A illustrates an example communication network 100 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The communication network 100 may also be called as a network environment, a network system, a communication environment, a communication system, or the like, the present disclosure does not limit this aspect. The communication network 100 includes a terminal device 110, multiple network devices 120-1 to 120-M, and an LMF 130. It should be appreciated that the LMF 130 may be a location server, which is located in the access network or in a core network.
[0072] The multiple network devices 120-1 to 120-M (M is a positive integer, e.g. M=3) may be separately or collectively be referred to as a network device 120, which may be a gNB or a TRP.
[0073] In the communication network 100, the network device 120 can communicate / transmit data and control information to the terminal device 110, and the terminal device 110 can also communicate / transmit data and control information to the network device 120. A link from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a DL, while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is referred to as a UL. DL may comprise one or more logical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) . UL may comprise one or more logical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) . As used herein, the term “channel” may refer to a carrier or a part of a carrier consisting of a contiguous set of resource blocks (RBs) on which a channel access procedure is performed in shared spectrum.
[0074] In the communication network 100, the terminal device 110 can communicate with the LMF 130 according to any proper communication protocol, such as an LTE positioning protocol (LPP) . In the communication network 100, the network device 120 can communicate with the LMF 130 according to any proper communication protocol, such as an NR positioning protocol A (NRPPa) . It is to be understood that other protocol may also be applied and will not be listed herein.
[0075] Embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to any suitable scenarios. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented at reduced capability NR devices. Alternatively, embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in one of the followings: NR multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) , NR sidelink enhancements, NR systems with frequency above 52.6GHz, an extending NR operation up to 71GHz, narrow band-Internet of Thing (NB-IOT) / enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) over non-terrestrial networks (NTN) , NTN, UE power saving enhancements, NR coverage enhancement, NB-IoT and LTE-MTC, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , NR Multicast and Broadcast Services, or enhancements on Multi-Radio Dual-Connectivity.
[0076] It is to be understood that the numbers of devices (i.e., the terminal devices 110 and the network device 120) and their connection relationships and types shown in FIG. 1A are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication network 100 may include any suitable numbers of devices adapted for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0077] On-Demand PRS transmission procedure allows the LMF 130 to control and decide whether PRS is transmitted or not and to change the characteristics of an ongoing PRS transmission. The on-demand PRS transmission procedure can be initiated either by the terminal device 110 or the LMF 130. FIG. 1B illustrates a general positioning procedure for On-Demand PRS transmission, which relates steps 0-6 below.
[0078] Step 0. The LMF may receive information on the possible On-Demand PRS configurations that the gNB can support during the TRP Information Exchange procedure.
[0079] Step 1. In case of UE-initiated On-Demand PRS, the LMF may configure the UE with pre-defined PRS configurations via LPP Provide Assistance Data message or via posSI.
[0080] Step 2a. In case of UE-initiated On-Demand PRS, the UE sends an On-Demand PRS request to the LMF via LPP Request Assistance Data message. The On-Demand PRS request can be a request for a pre-defined PRS configuration indicated with pre-defined PRS configuration ID or explicit parameter for PRS configuration and may be a request for PRS transmission or change to the PRS transmission characteristics for positioning measurements.
[0081] Step 2b. In case of LMF-initiated On-Demand PRS, the LMF and the UE may exchange LPP messages e.g., to obtain UE measurements or the DL-PRS positioning capabilities of the UE, etc.
[0082] Step 3. The LMF determines the need for PRS transmission or change to the transmission characteristics of an ongoing PRS transmission.
[0083] Step 4. The LMF requests the serving and non-serving gNBs / TRPs for new PRS transmission or PRS transmission with changes to the PRS configuration via NRPPa PRS CONFIGURATION REQUEST message.
[0084] Step 5. The gNBs / TRPs provide the successfully configured or updated PRS transmission in the NRPPa PRS CONFIGURATION RESPONSE message accordingly.
[0085] Step 6. The LMF may provide the PRS configuration used for PRS transmission or error cause via LPP Provide Assistance Data message to the UE.
[0086] In the present disclosure, the network device 120 may initiate the data collection for model training, model inference, model monitoring, etc., for example, the collected data may be used for model input or model output (e.g. ground truth) .
[0087] In the present disclosure, “AI / ML model” is a data driven algorithm that applies AI / ML techniques to generate a set of outputs based on a set of inputs; “data collection” is a process of collecting data by the network nodes, management entity, or UE for the purpose of AI / ML model training, data analytics and inference; “model training” is a process to train an AI / ML Model by learning the input / output relationship in a data driven manner and obtain the trained AI / ML Model for inference; “model inference” is a process of using a trained AI / ML model to produce a set of outputs based on a set of inputs; and “model monitoring” is a procedure that monitors the inference performance of the AI / ML model.
[0088] Reference is further made to FIG. 2, which illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process 200 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve a terminal device 110, a network device 120, and an LMF 130 as shown in FIG. 1A. It would be appreciated that the process 200 may be applied to other communication scenarios, which will not be described in detail.
[0089] There is a deployed model at the network device 120, and the deployed model may be an AI / ML model for positioning. A model output of the deployed model may be an intermediate measurement or a UE location. The network device 120 may be a serving gNB / TRP or a non-serving gNB / TRP. In some instances, the process 200 may be applied if the network device 120 needs to perform data collection for the deployed model. In some examples, the collected data may be used for model training, model inference, model monitoring, model re-training, etc.
[0090] In some cases, the deployed model is transferred or activated before configuring the on-demand PRS resource (s) . For example, the collected data may be used as a model input or ground truth (for an output of a direct AI / ML positioning, i.e., UE location) . In some other cases, the deployed model is transferred or activated after configuring the on-demand PRS resource (s) . For example, the collected data may be used as a model input or ground truth (for an output of an AI / ML assisted positioning, i.e., timing estimation, line of sight (LOS) indicator, or non-line of sight (NLOS) indicator) .
[0091] Optionally, the network device 120 may transmit, to the LMF 130, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations at 202. That is, information about possible on-demand PRS configurations supported by the network device 120 may be provided to the LMF 130. In some implementations, an information exchange message may be used for transmitting the information at 202, e.g. during an information exchange procedure. In some examples, one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations may be suitable for model training, model inference, model monitoring, model re-training, etc.
[0092] In some example embodiments, for the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations, one or more configuration IDs may be included. For example, a configuration ID may be carried by an information element (IE) “On-Demand-PRS-Configuration-Id. ”
[0093] In some example embodiments, for each of the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations, one or more parameters on frequency layer level may be included. In some examples, the one or more parameters on frequency layer level may indicate part or all of the following: a bandwidth ( “ResourceBandwidth” ) , a start physical resource block (PRB) ( “StartPRB” ) , point A ( “PointA” ) , a comb size ( “CombSizeN” ) , and a cyclic prefix ( “CyclicPrefix” ) . It is to be understood that the one or more parameters may indicate some other information, which will not be listed herein. In some example embodiments, if the one or more parameters on frequency layer level are not included explicitly, it may implicitly indicate that one of NR-Multi-RTT-ProvideAssistanceData, NR-DL-AoD-ProvideAssistanceData, or NR-DL-TDOA-ProvideAssistanceData should be applied, where the IE NR-Multi-RTT-ProvideAssistanceData is used by the LMF 130 (also refers to a location server) to provide assistance data to enable UE assisted NR Multi-RTT (multi-round trip time) , the IE NR-DL-AoD-ProvideAssistanceData is used by the location server to provide assistance data to enable UE assisted and UE-based NR DL-AoD (angle of departure) , and the IE NR-DL-TDOA-RequestAssistanceData is used to request assistance data from a location server.
[0094] In some example embodiments, for each of the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations, information about resources for PRS may be included. In some examples, information about one or more resources or one or more resource sets may be included. For example, it may be indicated by the IE “NR-DL-PRS-Info” , which may include “NR-DL-PRS-Resource” and / or “NR-DL-PRS-ResourceSet. ”
[0095] In some example embodiments, for each of the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations, time domain information may be included. In some examples, time domain information may include a start time point and a time duration, e.g. carried by an IE “dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration. ”
[0096] Optionally, the network device 120 and the terminal device 110 may exchange RRC message to obtain a DL-PRS positioning capability of the terminal device 110. Alternatively, the terminal device 110 may transmit capability information to the network device 120, and the capability information may indicate that the terminal device 110 supports PRS positioning. For example, the capability information of the terminal device 110 may indicate a UE capability for receiving the PRS, and / or a UE capability of calculating AI / ML related information.
[0097] In the process 200, the network device 120 transmits a first message to the LMF 130 at 210. In some implementations, the first message may request an on-demand PRS transmission. In some implementations, the first message may request an update of a PRS configuration. In some examples, the updated PRS configuration is an on-demand PRS configuration which is used for an on-demand PRS transmission. For example, a current (or original) PRS configuration is changed to an on-demand PRS configuration. In some implementations, the first message may be referred to as an on-demand PRS request.
[0098] The first message may include information about at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration. The first message may indicate that the network device 120 would like to perform an on-demand PRS transmission based on the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration. Alternatively, the first message may indicate that the network device 120 would like to change the current PRS configuration to the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.
[0099] In some example embodiments, the first message may include at least one configuration ID of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration. In some examples, a configuration ID may be implemented as one of: an ID of a PRS, an ID of a resource for the PRS, or an ID of a resource set for the PRS. For example, any of the following may be included in the first message: additional dl-PRS-ID, DL-PRS Resource Set ID, and DL-PRS Resource ID.
[0100] In some embodiments, the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration may be selected by the network device 120 from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations indicated at 202. In some examples, the at least one configuration ID may be an on-demand PRS configuration ID (On-Demand-PRS-Configuration-Id) or a set ID of on-demand PRS configurations (aset of On-Demand-PRS-Configuration-Id) , which may be part of those indicated at 202.
[0101] In some example embodiments, the first message may include configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration. In some examples, the configuration information may include one or more of the following: a periodicity for transmitting the PRS, a time offset for transmitting the PRS, a bandwidth for transmitting the PRS, a repetition factor for transmitting the PRS, a number of symbols for transmitting the PRS, a comb size for transmitting the PRS, or a time duration for transmitting the PRS. For example, the first message may include one or more explicit parameters for PRS transmission, which may be adapted for the deployed model, such as model training, model inference, model monitoring, model re-training, etc.
[0102] In some examples, the one or more explicit parameters may include part or all of the following: dl-prs-Periodicity-and-ResourceSetSlotOffset, dl-prs-ResourceSymbolOffset, dl-prs-ResourceBandwidth, dl-prs-ResourceRepetitionFactor, dl-prs-NumSymbols, dl-prs-CombSizeN, dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration, where dl-prs-Periodicity-and-ResourceSetSlotOffset specifies the periodicity of DL-PRS allocation in slots and the slot offset with respect to system frame number (SFN) #0 slot #0 for a TRP where the DL-PRS Resource Set is configured, dl-prs-ResourceSymbolOffset specifies the starting symbol of the DL-PRS Resource within a slot determined, dl-prs-ResourceBandwidth specifies the requested number of PRBs allocated for the DL-PRS Resource, dl-prs-ResourceRepetitionFactor specifies how many times each DL-PRS Resource is repeated, dl-prs-NumSymbols specifies the number of symbols per DL-PRS Resource within a slot, dl-prs-CombSizeN specifies the Resource Element spacing in each symbol, and dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration specifies the start timing and the number of symbol of the DL-PRS resource.
[0103] In some example embodiments, the first message may include one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model. In some examples, the one or more characteristics of data collection may include part or all of the following: a data size, a data timestamp, a data reliability, a time duration for collecting the data, or a type of the data. For example, the data timestamp may include a periodicity of the data. For example, the type of the data, i.e. data type, may be model input data or model output data. For example, the type of the data may be one of: timing estimation, LOS indicator, NLOS indicator, or UE location.
[0104] In addition or alternatively, the LMF 130 may determine the need for PRS transmission or change to an on-demand PRS configuration based on the first message.
[0105] In some implementations, an on-demand PRS configuration may be selected, e.g. from the at least one suggest on-demand PRS configuration. In some examples, the LMF 130 may determine to use the on-demand PRS configuration. In some examples, the on-demand PRS configuration will be used for PRS transmission. In some examples, the LMF 130 may determine to change current PRS configuration (for ongoing PRS transmission) , e.g., to the on-demand PRS configuration. In some examples, the LMF 130 may determine to change transmission characteristics of the current PRS configuration and use / apply characteristics of the on-demand PRS configuration.
[0106] In some example embodiments, for the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, the configuration information indicated in the first message may be applied. In some examples, if some parameters of the on-demand PRS configuration is not indicated in the first message, the LMF 130 may determine these parameters by itself, that is determined by LMF implementation. For example, the LMF 130 may determine not to change these parameter, in other words, these parameters of the current PRS configuration may be applied to the on-demand PRS configuration.
[0107] In some implementations, the LMF 130 may receive multiple on-demand PRS requests from multiple network devices respectively. In this case, the LMF 130 may consider the multiple on-demand PRS requests and determine an on-demand PRS configuration which is suitable for the multiple network devices. In some examples, the LMF 130 may harmonize (or coordinate) the multiple on-demand PRS requests, e.g. according to model requirements, to determine the on-demand PRS configuration. In some other examples, if the LMF 130 fails to harmonize (or coordinate) the multiple on-demand PRS requests, the LMF 130 may select or determine an on-demand PRS configuration according to the LMF implementation.
[0108] In the process 200, the LMF 130 transmits a second message to the network device 120 at 220. In some implementations, the second message may be an NRPPa message.
[0109] In some implementations, the second message may indicate an acceptance of the first message. In some examples, for the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration indicated in the first message, one of the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration may be available for the LMF 130, in this case, a positive response may be included in the second message. In some examples, the second message may further include a configuration ID of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used. For example, the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration indicated in the first message may be more than one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, and a configuration ID may be included in the second message indicating which on-demand PRS configuration is to be used. In some examples, the second message may further include at least one ID of at least one on-demand PRS to be transmitted.
[0110] In some other implementations, the second message may indicate a rejection of the first message. In some examples, for the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration indicated in the first message, none of the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration is available for the LMF 130, in this case, a negative response may be included in the second message. For example, the second message may be an on-demand PRS failure message. In some examples, the second message may further include cause information (e.g. a cause value) of the rejection.
[0111] In some examples, the second message may further indicate a recommended on-demand PRS configuration. For example, the recommended on-demand PRS configuration may be determined by the LMF 130 after harmonizing (or coordinating) the multiple on-demand PRS requests from multiple network devices 120. For example, the recommended on-demand PRS configuration may be different from any of the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration. In some examples, the second message may include a configuration ID and / or configuration information of the recommended on-demand PRS configuration. For example, if the first message includes one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model, the second message may include the configuration ID and / or configuration information of the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.
[0112] It is to be noted that the configuration ID and the configuration information of the recommended on-demand PRS configuration is similar to that of a suggested on-demand PRS configuration described above, and thus will not be repeated herein.
[0113] In addition or alternatively, the LMF 130 may transmit a third message to the terminal device 110 at 230. In some implementations, the third message may indicate the on-demand PRS configuration to be used. In some implementations, the third message may be an LPP Provide Assistance Data message. In some examples, the third message may include a configuration ID and / or configuration information of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used. It is to be noted that the configuration ID and the configuration information of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used is similar to that of a suggested on-demand PRS configuration described above, and thus will not be repeated herein.
[0114] Optionally, the terminal device 110 transmits a UL message to the network device 120 at 240. In some implementations, the UL message may include a feedback to the network device 120, e.g. over PUSCH. In some implementations, the UL message may indicate the on-demand PRS configuration to be used. In some examples, the UL message may include the configuration ID and / or configuration information of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0115] It is to be noted that the configuration ID and the configuration information of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used is similar to that of a suggested on-demand PRS configuration described above, and thus will not be repeated herein.
[0116] It is to be understood that step 240 may be omitted in some cases. For example, if the second message at 220 includes the configuration ID and the configuration information of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, then step 240 may not be performed. For example, if the first message at 210 includes the configuration ID and the configuration information of each of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, and the on-demand PRS configuration to be used is selected from the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, then the second message at 220 may include a configuration ID of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, and step 240 may not be performed.
[0117] In addition, the AI / ML model positioning procedure is performed at 250, e.g., based on the on-demand PRS configuration. In some implementations, the network device 120 transmits at least one on-demand PRS to the terminal device 110 based on the on-demand PRS configuration. In some implementations, the terminal device 110 receives at least one on-demand PRS from the network device 120 based on the on-demand PRS configuration, and perform a measurement on the received at least one on-demand PRS.
[0118] In some example embodiments, if a window (indicated by dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration) is configured or provided, the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the LMF 130 may perform the positioning measurement and reporting based on the on demand-PRS configuration within the window. In some other example embodiments, if the window is not configured or provided, the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the LMF 130 may perform the positioning measurement and reporting based on the on demand-PRS configuration until the AI / ML model is deactivated or until the positioning requirement is terminated.
[0119] FIG. 3A illustrates an example signalling chart illustrating a process 310 of a gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. Step 0 in FIG. 3A may refer to step 202 in FIG. 2. At 312, the gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS is triggered by the gNB / TRP.
[0120] Step 1. In case of gNB-initiated on-demand PRS, the serving gNB and the UE may exchange RRC message to obtain DL-PRS positioning capabilities of the UE, e.g., UE capability for receiving the PRS, UE capability of calculation for AI / ML related.
[0121] Step 2. In case of gNB-initiated on-demand PRS, the gNB which deployed with the AI / ML model for positioning sends an on-demand PRS request to the LMF via an NRPPa message, step 2 in FIG. 3A may refer to step 210 in FIG. 2.
[0122] Step 3. The LMF determines the need for PRS transmission or change to the transmission characteristics of an ongoing PRS transmission.
[0123] Step 4. The LMF provides the response information to gNB which sends the on-demand PRS request. For example, step 4 in FIG. 3A may refer to step 220 in FIG. 2.
[0124] Step 5. The LMF sends an LPP Provide Assistance Data message to the UE. For example, step 5 in FIG. 3A may refer to step 230 in FIG. 2.
[0125] Steps 6a and 6. The LMF, UE, and gNBs perform positioning measurement and reporting based on the on-demand PRS configuration or the on-demand changed PRS transmission characteristics during the window indicated by dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration if provided, otherwise until the AI / ML model is deactivated or the positioning requirement is terminated. For example, steps 6a and 6 in FIG. 3A may refer to step 250 in FIG. 2.
[0126] FIG. 3B illustrates an example signalling chart illustrating a process 320 of a gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0127] Steps 0-3. The LMF, serving gNB and non-serving gNBs, and UE preform current DL positioning procedure, or current UL and DL positioning procedures. At 322, the gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS is triggered by the gNB / TRP.
[0128] Step 4. In case of gNB-initiated on-demand PRS, the gNB which deployed with the AI / ML model for positioning sends an on-demand PRS request to the LMF via an NRPPa message, step 4 in FIG. 3B may refer to step 210 in FIG. 2.
[0129] Step 5. The LMF provides the response information to gNB which sends the on-demand PRS request. For example, step 5 in FIG. 3B may refer to step 220 in FIG. 2.
[0130] Step 6. The LMF sends an LPP Provide Assistance Data message to the UE. For example, step 6 in FIG. 3B may refer to step 230 in FIG. 2.
[0131] Step 7. The UE transmits an on-demand PRS feedback by a UL transmission, e.g., PUSCH. For example, step 7 in FIG. 3B may refer to step 240 in FIG. 2. As discussed with reference to FIG. 2, the step 7 may be omitted in some cases.
[0132] Steps 8a and 8. The LMF, UE, and gNBs perform positioning measurement and reporting based on the on-demand PRS configuration or the on-demand changed PRS transmission characteristics during the window indicated by dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration if provided, otherwise until the AI / ML model is deactivated or the positioning requirement is terminated. For example, steps 8a and 8 in FIG. 3B may refer to step 250 in FIG. 2.
[0133] FIG. 4A illustrates an example schematic of a configuration 410 for gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The configuration 410 may be associated with the process 310. For example, the AI / ML model for positioning may be delivered or activated at T1. As shown in FIG. 4A, after step 5 of process 310, an on-demand PRS configuration will be used (added) while the original PRS configuration is still maintained.
[0134] FIG. 4B illustrates an example schematic of a configuration 420 for gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The configuration 420 may be associated with the process 310. For example, the AI / ML model for positioning may be delivered or activated at T1. As shown in FIG. 4B, after step 5 of process 310, an on-demand PRS configuration will be implemented, which is based on changing an original PRS configuration, in other words, the original PRS configuration is not maintained.
[0135] FIG. 4C illustrates an example schematic of a configuration 430 for gNB-initiated On-Demand PRS transmission in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The configuration 430 may be associated with the process 320. For example, the AI / ML model for positioning may be delivered or activated at T1, which is after configuring the on-demand PRS resource. As shown in FIG. 4C, after step 5 or 7 of process 320, an on-demand PRS configuration will be implemented, which is based on changing an original PRS configuration, in other words, the original PRS configuration is not maintained.
[0136] It is to be understood that the configurations 410-430 shown in FIGS. 4A-4C respectively are only for illustrations without any limitations, some other example configurations are also applied, and the present disclosure will not list herein for brevity.
[0137] According to some embodiments discussed with reference to FIGS. 2-4C, a gNB-initiated on-demand PRS is supported in case there is a deployed model at the network device. The LMF may harmonize multiple on-demand PRS requests and determine an on-demand PRS configuration to be used. The solution may be applied for scenarios that using new on-demand PRS configuration or changing a current PRS configuration, e.g. suitable for a time strict scenario. If there is a need to collect data to update or retrain or fine-tune an existing model in a short time, the solution may facilitate the data collection. In addition, there will be minor change relative to the current UE-initiated on-demand PRS transmission.
[0138] Reference is further made to FIG. 5, which illustrates a signalling chart illustrating communication process 500 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 500 may involve a terminal device 110 and a network device 120 as shown in FIG. 1A. It would be appreciated that the process 500 may be applied to other communication scenarios, which will not be described in detail.
[0139] There is a deployed model at the network device 120, and the deployed model may be an AI / ML model for positioning. A model output of the deployed model may be an intermediate measurement or a UE location. The network device 120 may be a serving gNB / TRP. In some instances, the process 500 may be applied if the network device 120 needs to perform data collection for the deployed model. In some examples, the collected data may be used for model training / retraining / fine-tuning, model inference, model monitoring, etc. For example, the collected data may be used as a model input or ground truth (for an output of an AI / ML assisted positioning, i.e., timing estimation, line of sight (LOS) indicator, or non-line of sight (NLOS) indicator) .
[0140] In some other cases, the deployed model is transferred or activated after configuring the on-demand PRS resource (s) . In other words, the pre-defined PRS resource may be provided before the AI / ML model is delivered or activated. However, it is to be understood that the process 500 is not limited in this aspect.
[0141] In the process 500, the network device 120 transmits a message to the terminal device 110 at 510. In some implementations, the message may be an RRC message or RRC signalling, and the message may indicate one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0142] In some example embodiments, when setting up the RRC connection, the network device 120 (such as a serving gNB) provides possible semi-persistent on-demand PRS configurations that the network device 120 can support in BWP-DownlinkDedicated.
[0143] In some implementations, the message may include part or all of the following: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information.
[0144] In some examples, one or more parameters on frequency layer level may include: ResourceBandwidth, StartPRB, PointA, CombSizeN, CyclicPrefix, etc. In some examples, if any of the one or more parameters on frequency layer level is not provided, the network device 120 provides the reference path among NR-Multi-RTT-ProvideAssistanceData, NR-DL-AoD-ProvideAssistanceData, or NR-DL-TDOA-ProvideAssistanceData.
[0145] In some examples, the information about resources for PRS may include: NR-DL-PRS-ResourceSet and corresponding ID. In some examples, the information about resources for PRS may include: NR-DL-PRS-Resource and corresponding ID.
[0146] In some examples, the configuration ID may include: On-Demand-PRS-Configuration-Id.
[0147] In some examples, the time domain information may include: dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration for data collection.
[0148] It is to be noted that same information about a supported on-demand PRS configuration may refer to those described with reference to FIG. 2, and will not be redundantly listed here.
[0149] In the process 500, the network device 120 transmits an indication to the terminal device 110 at 520. In some implementations, the indication may be carried in a further message such as a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI) , and the indication may indicate an on-demand PRS configuration to be activated from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations set.
[0150] In some implementations, the further message may be regarded as an activation message, and the further message may include a configuration ID of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used. For example, the configuration ID may be one of: a PRS resource set ID and PRS resource ID, or On-Demand-PRS-Configuration-Id.
[0151] It is to be appreciated that although the process 500 includes both 510 and 520 as shown in FIG. 5, in some other implementations, the process 500 may be modified or changed to include a single transmission step associated with the on-demand PRS configuration. In some examples, when delivering or activating the model deployed at the network device 120, a delivery / activation signal indicating an on-demand PRS configuration may be transmitted. In some examples, the network device 120 may transmit a DL message to the terminal device 110, and the DL message may include a configuration ID and configuration information of an on-demand PRS configuration to be used. For example, the configuration information may include part or all of: dl-prs-Periodicity-and-ResourceSetSlotOffset, dl-prs-ResourceSymbolOffset, dl-prs-ResourceBandwidth, dl-prs-ResourceRepetitionFactor, dl-prs-NumSymbols, dl-prs-CombSizeN, dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration, etc.
[0152] In addition, the AI / ML model positioning procedure is performed at 530, e.g., based on the on-demand PRS configuration. In some implementations, the network device 120 transmits at least one on-demand PRS to the terminal device 110 based on the on-demand PRS configuration. In some implementations, the terminal device 110 receives at least one on-demand PRS from the network device 120 based on the on-demand PRS configuration, and perform a measurement on the received at least one on-demand PRS.
[0153] In some example embodiments, if a window (indicated by dl-prs-StartTime-and-Duration) is configured or provided, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may perform the positioning measurement based on the on-demand PRS configuration within the window. In some other example embodiments, if the window is not configured or provided, the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 may perform the positioning measurement based on the on-demand PRS configuration until the AI / ML model is deactivated.
[0154] According to some embodiments discussed with reference to FIG. 5, the on-demand PRS configuration may be provided to the terminal device 110 without involving the LMF 130, in this case, fewer steps may be needed for the on-demand PRS transmission. The solution may be applied for scenarios that using an on-demand PRS configuration, e.g. suitable for a time strict scenario. If there is a need to collect data to update or retrain or fine-tune an existing model in a short time, the solution may facilitate the data collection. In addition, the overhead for transmitting the on-demand PRS configuration may be reduced.
[0155] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 600 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 600 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0156] At block 610, the network device 120 transmits, to an LMF, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration, wherein there is a deployed model for positioning at the network device. At block 620, the network device 120 receives, from the LMF, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message. At block 630, the network device 120 transmits, to a terminal device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the second message.
[0157] In some example embodiments, the first message comprises at least one of: one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model, at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, or configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of: a data size, a data timestamp, a data reliability, a time duration for collecting the data, or a type of the data.
[0159] In some example embodiments, the configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity for transmitting the PRS, a time offset for transmitting the PRS, a bandwidth for transmitting the PRS, a repetition factor for transmitting the PRS, a number of symbols for transmitting the PRS, a comb size for transmitting the PRS, or a time duration for transmitting the PRS.
[0160] In some example embodiments, the at least one configuration identifier comprises at least one of: an identifier of a PRS, an identifier of a resource for the PRS, or an identifier of a resource set for the PRS.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the second message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF, rejection information and a cause value, a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, or configuration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 receives, from a terminal device, an uplink message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the uplink message comprises: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, and configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 transmits, to the LMF, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 determines that the at least one on-demand PRS is deactivated based on at least one of: a duration indicated by time domain information of an on-demand PRS configuration, a time when the deployed model is deactivated, or a time when a positioning procedure is terminated.
[0166] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 receives, from a terminal device, capability information indicating that the terminal device supports PRS positioning.
[0167] In some example embodiments, the first message is transmitted before or after the deployed model is activated.
[0168] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at an LMF in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the LMF 130 with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0169] At block 710, the LMF 130 receives, from a network device with a deployed model for positioning, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration. At block 720, the LMF 130 transmits, to the network device, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message.
[0170] In some example embodiments, the first message comprises at least one of: one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model, at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, or configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.
[0171] In some example embodiments, the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of: a data size, a data timestamp, a data reliability, a time duration for collecting the data, or a type of the data.
[0172] In some example embodiments, the configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity for transmitting the PRS, a time offset for transmitting the PRS, a bandwidth for transmitting the PRS, a repetition factor for transmitting the PRS, a number of symbols for transmitting the PRS, a comb size for transmitting the PRS, a time duration for transmitting the PRS.
[0173] In some example embodiments, the at least one configuration identifier comprises at least one of: an identifier of a PRS, an identifier of a resource for the PRS, or an identifier of a resource set for the PRS.
[0174] In some example embodiments, the second message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF, rejection information and a cause value, a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, or configuration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.
[0175] In some example embodiments, the LMF 130 transmits, to a terminal device, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0176] In some example embodiments, the third message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, or configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0177] In some example embodiments, the LMF 130 receives, from the network device, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information.
[0178] In some example embodiments, the first message is transmitted before or after the deployed model is activated.
[0179] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0180] At block 810, the terminal device 110 receives, from an LMF, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used. At block 820, the terminal device 110 transmits, to a network device with a deployed model for positioning, an uplink message indicating the on-demand PRS configuration to be used. At block 830, the terminal device 110 receives, from the network device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the on-demand PRS configuration.
[0181] In some example embodiments, each of the third message or the uplink message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, or configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0182] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 900 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0183] At block 910, the network device 120 transmits, to a terminal device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information. At block 920, the network device 120 transmits, to the terminal device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0184] In some example embodiments, the indication is carried in a MAC CE or a DCI. In some example embodiments, the indication is associate with an activated model deployed at the network device.
[0185] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1000 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 1000 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0186] At block 1010, the terminal device 110 receives, from a network device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information. At block 1020, the terminal device 110 receives, from the network device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0187] In some example embodiments, the indication is carried in a MAC CE or a DCI. In some example embodiments, the indication is associate with an activated model deployed at the network device.
[0188] Details of some embodiments according to the present disclosure have been described with reference to FIGS. 1A-10. Now an example implementation of the terminal device and the network device will be discussed below.
[0189] In some example embodiments, a network device comprises circuitry configured to: transmit, to an LMF, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration, wherein there is a deployed model for positioning at the network device; receive, from the LMF, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message; and transmit, to a terminal device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the second message.
[0190] In some example embodiments, the first message comprises at least one of: one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model, at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, or configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.
[0191] In some example embodiments, the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of: a data size, a data timestamp, a data reliability, a time duration for collecting the data, or a type of the data.
[0192] In some example embodiments, the configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity for transmitting the PRS, a time offset for transmitting the PRS, a bandwidth for transmitting the PRS, a repetition factor for transmitting the PRS, a number of symbols for transmitting the PRS, a comb size for transmitting the PRS, or a time duration for transmitting the PRS.
[0193] In some example embodiments, the at least one configuration identifier comprises at least one of: an identifier of a PRS, an identifier of a resource for the PRS, or an identifier of a resource set for the PRS.
[0194] In some example embodiments, the second message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF, rejection information and a cause value, a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, or configuration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.
[0195] In some example embodiments, the network device comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from a terminal device, an uplink message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0196] In some example embodiments, the uplink message comprises: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, and configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0197] In some example embodiments, the network device comprises circuitry configured to: transmit, to the LMF, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information.
[0198] In some example embodiments, the network device comprises circuitry configured to: determine that the at least one on-demand PRS is deactivated based on at least one of: a duration indicated by time domain information of an on-demand PRS configuration, a time when the deployed model is deactivated, or a time when a positioning procedure is terminated.
[0199] In some example embodiments, the network device comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from a terminal device, capability information indicating that the terminal device supports PRS positioning.
[0200] In some example embodiments, the first message is transmitted before or after the deployed model is activated.
[0201] In some example embodiments, an LMF comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from a network device with a deployed model for positioning, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration; and transmit, to the network device, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message.
[0202] In some example embodiments, the first message comprises at least one of: one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model, at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, or configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.
[0203] In some example embodiments, the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of: a data size, a data timestamp, a data reliability, a time duration for collecting the data, or a type of the data.
[0204] In some example embodiments, the configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity for transmitting the PRS, a time offset for transmitting the PRS, a bandwidth for transmitting the PRS, a repetition factor for transmitting the PRS, a number of symbols for transmitting the PRS, a comb size for transmitting the PRS, a time duration for transmitting the PRS.
[0205] In some example embodiments, the at least one configuration identifier comprises at least one of: an identifier of a PRS, an identifier of a resource for the PRS, or an identifier of a resource set for the PRS.
[0206] In some example embodiments, the second message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF, rejection information and a cause value, a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, or configuration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.
[0207] In some example embodiments, the LMF comprises circuitry configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0208] In some example embodiments, the third message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, or configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0209] In some example embodiments, the LMF comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from the network device, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information.
[0210] In some example embodiments, the first message is transmitted before or after the deployed model is activated.
[0211] In some example embodiments, a terminal device comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from an LMF, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used; transmit, to a network device with a deployed model for positioning, an uplink message indicating the on-demand PRS configuration to be used; and receive, from the network device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the on-demand PRS configuration.
[0212] In some example embodiments, each of the third message or the uplink message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, or configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0213] In some example embodiments, a network device comprises circuitry configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and transmit, to the terminal device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0214] In some example embodiments, a terminal device comprises circuitry configured to: receive, from a network device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and receive, from the network device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0215] In some example embodiments, the indication is carried in a MAC CE or a DCI. In some example embodiments, the indication is associate with an activated model deployed at the network device.
[0216] FIG. 11 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device 1100 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1100 can be considered as a further example implementation of a network device, or a terminal device as described above. Accordingly, the device 1100 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120 or the LMF 130 as shown in FIG. 1A.
[0217] As shown, the device 1100 includes a processor 1110, a memory 1120 coupled to the processor 1110, a suitable transceiver 1140 coupled to the processor 1110, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 1140. The memory 1120 stores at least a part of a program 1130. The transceiver 1140 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 1140 may include at least one of a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter and the receiver may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 1140 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / serving gateway (SGW) / user plane function (UPF) and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0218] The program 1130 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1110, enable the device 1100 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 1A-10. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1110 of the device 1100, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1110 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1110 and memory 1120 may form processing means 1150 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0219] The memory 1120 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1120 is shown in the device 1100, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 1100. The processor 1110 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1100 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0220] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure may provide the following solutions.
[0221] The present disclosure provides a network device, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the network device at least to: transmit, to an LMF, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration, wherein there is a deployed model for positioning at the network device; receive, from the LMF, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message; and transmit, to a terminal device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the second message.
[0222] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the first message comprises at least one of: one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model, at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, or configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.
[0223] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of: a data size, a data timestamp, a data reliability, a time duration for collecting the data, or a type of the data.
[0224] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity for transmitting the PRS, a time offset for transmitting the PRS, a bandwidth for transmitting the PRS, a repetition factor for transmitting the PRS, a number of symbols for transmitting the PRS, a comb size for transmitting the PRS, or a time duration for transmitting the PRS.
[0225] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the at least one configuration identifier comprises at least one of: an identifier of a PRS, an identifier of a resource for the PRS, or an identifier of a resource set for the PRS.
[0226] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the second message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF, rejection information and a cause value, a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, or configuration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.
[0227] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to: receive, from a terminal device, an uplink message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0228] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the uplink message comprises: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, and configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0229] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to the LMF, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information.
[0230] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to: determine that the at least one on-demand PRS is deactivated based on at least one of: a duration indicated by time domain information of an on-demand PRS configuration, a time when the deployed model is deactivated, or a time when a positioning procedure is terminated.
[0231] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to: receive, from a terminal device, capability information indicating that the terminal device supports PRS positioning.
[0232] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the first message is transmitted before or after the deployed model is activated.
[0233] The present disclosure provides an LMF, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the LMF at least to: receive, from a network device with a deployed model for positioning, a first message for requesting an on-demand PRS transmission or an update of a PRS configuration; and transmit, to the network device, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message.
[0234] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the first message comprises at least one of: one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model, at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, or configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.
[0235] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of: a data size, a data timestamp, a data reliability, a time duration for collecting the data, or a type of the data.
[0236] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the configuration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration comprises at least one of: a periodicity for transmitting the PRS, a time offset for transmitting the PRS, a bandwidth for transmitting the PRS, a repetition factor for transmitting the PRS, a number of symbols for transmitting the PRS, a comb size for transmitting the PRS, a time duration for transmitting the PRS.
[0237] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the at least one configuration identifier comprises at least one of: an identifier of a PRS, an identifier of a resource for the PRS, or an identifier of a resource set for the PRS.
[0238] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the second message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF, rejection information and a cause value, a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, or configuration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.
[0239] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the LMF to: transmit, to a terminal device, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0240] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the third message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, or configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0241] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the LMF to: receive, from the network device, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information.
[0242] In one embodiment, the LMF as above, the first message is transmitted before or after the deployed model is activated.
[0243] The present disclosure provides a terminal device, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the terminal device at least to: receive, from an LMF, a third message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used; transmit, to a network device with a deployed model for positioning, an uplink message indicating the on-demand PRS configuration to be used; and receive, from the network device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the on-demand PRS configuration.
[0244] In one embodiment, the terminal device as above, each of the third message or the uplink message comprises at least one of: a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, or configuration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.
[0245] The present disclosure provides a network device, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the network device at least to: transmit, to a terminal device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and transmit, to the terminal device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0246] In one embodiment, the network device as above, the indication is carried in a MAC CE or a DCI. In one embodiment, the network device as above, the indication is associate with an activated model deployed at the network device.
[0247] The present disclosure provides a terminal device, comprising at least one processor configured to cause the terminal device at least to: receive, from a network device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of: one or more parameters on frequency layer level, information about resources for PRS, configuration identifiers, or time domain information; and receive, from the network device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.
[0248] In one embodiment, the terminal device as above, the indication is carried in a MAC CE or a DCI. In one embodiment, the terminal device as above, the indication is associate with an activated model deployed at the network device.
[0249] The present disclosure provides a method of communication, comprising the operations implemented at the terminal device discussed above. The present disclosure provides a method of communication, comprising the operations implemented at the network device discussed above. The present disclosure provides a method of communication, comprising the operations implemented at the LMF discussed above.
[0250] The present disclosure provides a network device, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing computer program codes; the memory and the computer program codes configured to, with the processor, cause the network device to perform the method implemented at the network device discussed above.
[0251] The present disclosure provides a terminal device, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing computer program codes; the memory and the computer program codes configured to, with the processor, cause the terminal device to perform the method implemented at the terminal device discussed above.
[0252] The present disclosure provides an LMF, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing computer program codes; the memory and the computer program codes configured to, with the processor, cause the LMF to perform the method implemented at the LMF discussed above.
[0253] The present disclosure provides a non-transient computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, causing the apparatus to perform the method implemented at a terminal device or a network device or an LMF discussed above.
[0254] The present disclosure provides a computer program product having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, causing the apparatus to perform the method implemented at a terminal device or a network device or an LMF discussed above.
[0255] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0256] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0257] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0258] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0259] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0260] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A network device comprising at least one processor configured to cause the network device to:transmit, to a location management function (LMF) , a first message for requesting an on-demand positioning reference signal (PRS) transmission or an update of a PRS configuration, wherein there is a deployed model for positioning at the network device;receive, from the LMF, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message; andtransmit, to a terminal device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the second message.2.The network device of claim 1, wherein the first message comprises at least one of:one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model,at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, orconfiguration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.3.The network device of claim 2, wherein the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of:a data size,a data timestamp,a data reliability,a time duration for collecting the data, ora type of the data.4.The network device of claim 1, wherein the second message comprises at least one of:a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF,rejection information and a cause value,a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, orconfiguration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.5.The network device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to:receive, from a terminal device, an uplink message indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used.6.The network device of claim 5, wherein the uplink message comprises:a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, andconfiguration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.7.The network device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to:transmit, to the LMF, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of:one or more parameters on frequency layer level,information about resources for PRS,configuration identifiers, ortime domain information.8.The network device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to:determine that the at least one on-demand PRS is deactivated based on at least one of:a duration indicated by time domain information of an on-demand PRS configuration,a time when the deployed model is deactivated, ora time when a positioning procedure is terminated.9.The network device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network device to:receive, from a terminal device, capability information indicating that the terminal device supports PRS positioning.10.The network device of claim 1, wherein the first message is transmitted before or after the deployed model is activated.11.A location management function (LMF) comprising at least one processor configured to cause the LMF to:receive, from a network device with a deployed model for positioning, a first message for requesting an on-demand positioning reference signal (PRS) transmission or an update of a PRS configuration; andtransmit, to the network device, a second message indicating an acceptance or a rejection of the first message.12.The LMF of claim 11, wherein the first message comprises at least one of:one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model,at least one configuration identifier of at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration, orconfiguration information about the at least one suggested on-demand PRS configuration.13.The LMF of claim 12, wherein the one or more characteristics of data collection for the deployed model comprises at least one of:a data size,a data timestamp,a data reliability,a time duration for collecting the data, ora type of the data.14.The LMF of claim 11, wherein the second message comprises at least one of:a configuration identifier of an on-demand PRS configuration selected by the LMF,rejection information and a cause value,a configuration identifier of a recommended on-demand PRS configuration determined by the LMF, orconfiguration information about the recommended on-demand PRS configuration.15.The LMF of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the LMF to:receive, from the network device, information about supported on-demand PRS configurations comprising at least one of:one or more parameters on frequency layer level,information about resources for PRS,configuration identifiers, ortime domain information.16.A terminal device comprising at least one processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a location management function (LMF) , a third message indicating an on-demand positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration to be used;transmit, to a network device with a deployed model for positioning, an uplink message indicating the on-demand PRS configuration to be used; andreceive, from the network device, at least one on-demand PRS based on the on-demand PRS configuration.17.The terminal device of claim 16, wherein each of the third message or the uplink message comprises at least one of:a configuration identifier of the on-demand PRS configuration to be used, orconfiguration information about the on-demand PRS configuration to be used.18.A network device comprising at least one processor configured to cause the network device to:transmit, to a terminal device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand positioning reference signal (PRS) configurations comprising at least one of:one or more parameters on frequency layer level,information about resources for PRS,configuration identifiers, ortime domain information; andtransmit, to the terminal device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.19.A terminal device comprising at least one processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, a message indicating one or more supported on-demand positioning reference signal (PRS) configurations comprising at least one of:one or more parameters on frequency layer level,information about resources for PRS,configuration identifiers, ortime domain information; andreceive, from the network device, an indication indicating an on-demand PRS configuration to be used from the one or more supported on-demand PRS configurations.20.A computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, causing the apparatus to perform a method performed by any of claims 1-19.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Positioning information reporting method, equipment and communication system
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Method and apparatus for generating aperiodic positioning reference signal in wireless communication system
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Preservation of positioning integrity associated with wireless systems
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