Data transmission method, apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a data transmission method, an apparatus, and a storage medium. The data transmission method comprises: receiving first downlink information sent by a second node, wherein the first downlink information is used for indicating a communication parameter corresponding to a first node.

Description

Data transmission method, device and storage medium

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410171613.5 filed on February 6, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a data transmission method, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0003] The IoT communication system includes a large number of IoT devices, and among these IoT devices, most of them have simple designs, low complexity and weak processing capabilities.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In one aspect, a data transmission method is provided, the data transmission method comprising: receiving first downlink information sent by a second node, wherein the first downlink information is used to indicate a communication parameter corresponding to the first node.

[0006] In another aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive first downlink information sent by a second node, wherein the first downlink information is used to indicate communication parameters corresponding to the first node.

[0007] In another aspect, a data transmission method is provided, the data transmission method comprising: sending first downlink information to a first node, wherein the first downlink information is used to indicate a communication parameter corresponding to the first node.

[0008] In another aspect, a communication device is provided, including: a sending unit configured to send first downlink information to a first node, wherein the first downlink information is used to indicate a communication parameter corresponding to the first node.

[0009] In another aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor. The memory is coupled to the processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor implements the above-mentioned data transmission method when executing the computer program.

[0010] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned data transmission method is implemented.

[0011] In yet another aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned data transmission method is implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings.

[0013] FIG1 is a system architecture diagram according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG2 is a flow chart of a data transmission method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of decoding information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of encoded high and low levels according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a reference symbol length according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another reference symbol length according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of yet another reference symbol length according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a preamble sequence interspersed in downlink data according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of repetition of downlink control information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a repetition interval according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another repetition interval according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of separate repetition of communication parameters according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of repetition of command type and target communication parameters in downlink control information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing a first downlink information including a predefined sequence according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of different types of terminators according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG16 is a flow chart of another data transmission method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG17 is a flowchart of another data transmission method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG18 is a flow chart of another data transmission method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG21 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of this disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of this disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to describe examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described in this disclosure using "exemplary" or "for example" should not be interpreted as being more preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0036] In the following, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature designated as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0037] In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or." For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document simply describes an association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exists simultaneously, and B exists alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more.

[0038] With the advancement of IoT communication technology, related IoT communication systems are becoming increasingly large, often encompassing a large number of IoT devices. Most IoT devices are designed for small size, low complexity, and low power consumption. Some IoT devices lack energy storage devices (such as batteries) and instead draw energy from the surrounding environment (e.g., high-level signals from downlink signaling). In these situations, most IoT devices have limited processing power and are unable to perform complex communication operations, such as decoding.

[0039] IoT devices can be categorized as active and passive. Active IoT devices may include an energy source, such as a battery, while passive IoT devices lack such a source and instead require a high level of power (or activation) from a base station (or excitation source). Once activated, passive IoT devices receive downlink signaling from the base station and return uplink signaling to the base station via backscatter.

[0040] As an example, the communication between the base station and the IoT device can include various scenarios such as inventory, reading and writing. The following describes the communication between the base station and the IoT device using the inventory process as an example. First, the base station can send an inventory command to the IoT device, and the IoT device returns a string of random numbers to the base station in response to the inventory command. Afterwards, after receiving the random number, the base station can send an acknowledgment (ACK) message (including the random number) to the IoT device. If the random number in the ACK message is the same as the random number it sent, the IoT device can determine that its inventory has been successful and feedback the device information to the base station. The device information may include an electronic product code (EPC).

[0041] In addition, since all IoT devices within the base station's coverage area can receive the inventory command, multiple IoT devices may conflict during the inventory process. Currently, this conflict is generally resolved through a random access algorithm (Aloha algorithm).

[0042] Based on the above introduction to IoT devices, it can be seen that among the current IoT devices, most IoT devices have relatively simple designs, low complexity, and weak processing capabilities, and therefore cannot perform complex communications.

[0043] To address the above technical issues, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a data transmission method in which a first node can receive first downlink information including communication parameters sent by a second node. Because the communication parameters are corresponding to the first node, the second node can perform communication operations based on these communication parameters. These communication parameters can assist the second node in encoding or decoding, and are suitable for less complex IoT devices.

[0044] The data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a communication system as shown in FIG1 . As shown in FIG1 , the communication system includes: a first node 101 and a second node 102 .

[0045] A first node 101 is communicatively connected to a second node 102. The first node 101 may be a user device, a terminal, an IoT device, or an Ambient-IoT (Internet of Things) device. The second node 102 may be a base station, an excitation source, or a terminal. FIG1 illustrates an example in which the first node 101 is an Ambient-IoT device and the second node 102 is a base station.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node 101 may receive first downlink information indicating communication parameters sent by the second node 102. The second node 102 may then perform subsequent communication processing based on the communication parameters indicated by the first downlink information, thereby being more adaptable to low-complexity IoT devices.

[0047] It should be noted that Figure 1 is only an exemplary framework diagram. The number of devices included in Figure 1 and the names of each device are not limited. In addition to the devices shown in Figure 1, the communication system may also include other devices, such as a core network.

[0048] The application scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited. The system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0049] The data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to the first node 101 in the communication system shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows a flow chart of a data transmission method. As shown in Figure 2, the data transmission method includes the following S201.

[0051] In S201 , a first node receives first downlink information sent by a second node.

[0052] The first downlink information is used to indicate communication parameters corresponding to the first node. The first downlink information may be downlink signaling or a downlink frame. The first downlink information may include multiple downlink signals or downlink signaling.

[0053] In some implementations, when a second node sends downlink information to a first node, it may add communication parameters corresponding to the first node to the downlink signaling to obtain the first downlink information. The second node then sends the first downlink information to the first node. In some embodiments, the communication parameters may be those required by the second node for subsequent communication processing. This allows the second node to perform subsequent communication processing based on these communication parameters, improving communication processing efficiency and adapting to low-complexity IoT devices.

[0054] It can be understood that the corresponding communication parameters of the first node are communication parameters required by the first node to perform subsequent communication operations.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, communication parameters may include at least one of the following: a spacer, decoding information (or reference information), frame type, downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, transmission mode, device type, command type, terminator, reference symbol, scheduling information, data field, CRC (cyclic redundancy check) information, activation signaling, or unmodulated information. The various communication parameters are described below.

[0056] (1) Separator

[0057] A separator, also known as a delimiter, is used by the second node to identify the beginning of the first downlink message. A separator can be related to a level sequence or a symbol (or time slot) length. A separator can also be used to separate two repeated transmissions, two segmented transmissions, or two transmission blocks.

[0058] In some embodiments, a separator can be a sequence of high and / or low levels. For example, a separator can be a low level (i.e., a zero level) for a duration; or a separator can be: a low level for a first duration, a high level for a second duration, and a low level for a third duration. The duration can be referred to as a duration or a time period.

[0059] The length of the high level in the spacer (which can also be a time length or a symbol length) can be the length of a reference symbol. The reference symbol length is the length of the bit sequence of a reference symbol or the high / low level length of a reference symbol. In some embodiments, in a spacer, the length of the low level before the high level is the same as the length of the low level after the high level.

[0060] It should be noted that the first time period and the second time period are both arbitrary time periods; or, the first time period and the second time period are predefined time periods.

[0061] In some embodiments, the separator may be a sequence or a high or low level obtained by encoding a preset separator information "0", "1" sequence (e.g., PIE encoding), or the separator may be a predefined "0", "1" sequence or a fixed "0", "1" sequence. It is understood that in some embodiments, a high level may be used to indicate a bit with a bit value of "1", and a low level may be used to indicate a bit with a bit value of "0".

[0062] In some embodiments, the structural design of the separators in different types of first downlink information or different segments of the first downlink information may be different. In some embodiments, the design of separators for different purposes may be different. For example, the separator used to indicate the start of the downlink information is different from the separator used to separate two repeated / segmented information. For example, the start of the separator (also called the start symbol) used to indicate the start of the downlink information is a low level. This is because, usually before communication, the second node will send a continuous high level to activate the first node. Therefore, the start of the separator is designed to be a low level and can be used to indicate the start of the downlink information. The separator used to separate two repeated / segmented information can be a high level for a period of time. For another example, the time length of the separator used to indicate the start of the downlink information is different from the time length of the separator used to separate two repeated / segmented information.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the time lengths of different spacers may be different. For example, the time length of a spacer may be one or more 5G symbol lengths, or the time length of a spacer may be one 5G time slot length.

[0064] As an example, when the symbol length of a 5G air interface is one or more reference symbol lengths, the duration of a spacer can be one or more 5G symbol lengths. When the reference symbol length is one or more 5G air interface symbol lengths, the duration of a spacer is one 5G time slot length.

[0065] As another example, when the symbol length of a 5G air interface is one or more reference symbol lengths, the duration of a spacer is one 5G symbol length. When the reference symbol length is one or more 5G air interface symbol lengths, the duration of a spacer is multiple 5G air interface symbol lengths.

[0066] (2) Reference symbols

[0067] Reference symbols can also be called reference intervals. Reference symbols are used to indicate the time required to transmit a bit ("0" and / or "1"). "0" and "1" can be bit information before encoding, or bit information after encoding; or the reference interval is used to determine the length of a reference symbol, that is, the length of the bit sequence of the reference symbol. In some embodiments, the reference symbol is used to indicate the length of a bit after encoding. In some embodiments, the reference symbol is used to indicate the high level length of a unit in the downlink information. In some embodiments, the reference symbol is used to indicate the low level length of a unit in the downlink information. In some embodiments, the reference symbol is used to indicate the high level length and low level length of a unit in the downlink information. In some embodiments, a reference symbol includes one or more symbols (such as OOK symbols). In some embodiments, a reference symbol includes one or more high and low levels or '1', '0' bits. In some embodiments, a reference symbol includes one or more '0' or '1' encoded symbols or high and low levels.

[0068] In some embodiments, the reference symbol indicates the symbol length of the downlink information. For example, the length / amplitude of the symbols '0' and '1' of the downlink data must be the same or similar to the length / amplitude here. Similarity takes into account the possibility of some deviation. Similarity means that the deviation is no greater than a first threshold. The first threshold is a predefined value or is determined based on UE capabilities.

[0069] In some embodiments, the reference symbol indicates the mapping manner of downlink information bits '0' and '1'.

[0070] It should be noted that in some embodiments, '0' and '1' bits refer to low and high levels of a specific duration. In some embodiments, '0' and '1' bits refer to the symbols or high and low levels of the encoded or adjusted '0' and '1' bits.

[0071] It can be understood that, since the length of the bit sequence may be a time length, the length of the bit sequence of the reference symbol may be the time required for transmitting one bit.

[0072] The reference symbol is used to indicate the length or amplitude of each symbol in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a high level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a low level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length of a high level and a low level in the first downlink information. In some embodiments, the reference symbol can be designed in conjunction with the separator. For example, the starting level of the reference symbol can be designed to be different from the last level of the separator, so that the reference symbol and the separator can be distinguished. In some embodiments, the reference symbol starts at a low level.

[0073] In some embodiments, different encoding methods may correspond to different reference symbols.

[0074] In some embodiments, the reference symbol may include a first segment of low level and a second segment of high level; or, the reference symbol may include multiple segments of discontinuous high level and multiple segments of discontinuous low level; or, the reference symbol may include a level for indicating a "0" bit and / or a level for indicating a "1" bit; or, the reference symbol may include a continuous level for indicating a "0" bit and / or a continuous level for indicating a "1" bit.

[0075] When the reference symbol includes a first low level segment and a second high level segment, the time length of the first low level segment is the same as the time length of the second high level segment; or, the time length of the high level is greater than the time length of the low level; or, the time length of the high level is less than the time length of the low level.

[0076] In some embodiments, when a reference symbol includes multiple discontinuous high levels and multiple discontinuous low levels, the reference symbol includes multiple repeated levels. The repeated levels include a high level segment first and a low level segment second; or the repeated levels include a low level segment first and a high level segment second.

[0077] In some embodiments, reference symbols may be used for synchronization (eg, time synchronization or frame synchronization or symbol synchronization).

[0078] (3) Decoding information

[0079] The decoding information, also referred to as reference information, can be used by the first node for decoding / demodulation (e.g., determining whether a bit is "0" or "1"). In some embodiments, the design of reference symbols can also be used in the design of the decoding information.

[0080] In some embodiments, different types of first nodes may correspond to different types of decoding information. In addition, different encoding methods or decoding methods may also correspond to different types of decoding information.

[0081] In some embodiments, the decoded information includes a bit sequence encoded as a '0' bit or a '1' bit. The first node may obtain a decision threshold for a '0' bit or a '1' bit based on the decoded information.

[0082] In some embodiments, the decoding information may include a predefined bit sequence, or the decoding information may include a predefined level sequence, or the decoding information may include a high and low level sequence obtained by encoding the predefined bit sequence. The predefined bit sequence may be used for time synchronization, frame synchronization, or symbol synchronization. The predefined high and low level sequence may also be used for time synchronization, frame synchronization, or symbol synchronization. It should be noted that when the first node uses a correlation demodulation method for decoding, the decoding information may include a predefined level sequence. The first node may use the decoding information to perform correlation demodulation / decoding.

[0083] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of decoded information, assuming that the decoded information includes a high and low level sequence obtained by encoding a predefined bit sequence. Assuming the predefined bit sequence is "110110," the decoded information corresponding to the bit sequence "110110" is shown in Figure 3. This decoded information includes the high and low levels corresponding to the bit sequence "110110," with the "1" bit corresponding to a high level and the "0" bit corresponding to a low level.

[0084] In some embodiments, when a bit is encoded using pulse interval encoding (PIE), a single information bit can also be indicated by multiple levels, or symbols, or encoded '0' and '1'. For example, a 0 bit is indicated by: a high level + a low level, and a 1 bit is indicated by: two high levels + a low level. In this scenario, the decoded information of the high and low levels corresponding to the 0 bit and the 1 bit is shown in Figure 4.

[0085] In some embodiments, the bit sequence represented by the decoded information includes a first time period of "1" bits and a second time period of "0" bits.

[0086] It is understandable that the position of the "1" bit and the position of the "0" bit can be fixed (or predefined). In this case, the first node can obtain the "1" bit and / or the "0" bit at the predefined position, thereby obtaining the information indicated by the "1" bit of the first time period and the "0" bit of the second time period in the decoded information, which can improve decoding efficiency.

[0087] The information indicated by the "1" bit of the first time period and the "0" bit of the second time period may include at least one of the following: length, quantity, signal amplitude, duration of the signal, distribution of high and low levels of the signal (or sequence design of "0" and "1" bits), or a threshold for distinguishing high and low levels. The threshold may include at least one of the following: an amplitude threshold for distinguishing high and low levels, a time threshold for distinguishing high and low levels, or a frequency threshold for distinguishing high and low levels.

[0088] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, reference symbols can be combined with decoding information. For example, decoding information can be indicated by reference symbols, or reference symbols can be indicated by decoding information. In some embodiments, reference symbols or decoding information can also be combined with synchronization information, that is, a single sequence can indicate multiple types of information. In some embodiments, reference symbols or decoding information can also be combined with rate information.

[0089] (4) Frame type

[0090] The frame type may be used to indicate a frame format. For example, the frame format may be: preamble + command + data, or preamble + data, or preamble + command, or preamble.

[0091] In some embodiments, the frame format may also be referred to as an information format.

[0092] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, different frame types may correspond to different frame formats. The length of the first downlink information (e.g., the total length of the first downlink information, or the length of the data in the first downlink information) may differ between different frame formats. The structure of the first downlink information may differ between different frame formats. For example, the content of the preamble sequence (or command) may differ between different frame formats.

[0093] In this way, the first node can determine the frame format corresponding to the first downlink information based on the frame type, and determine which part of the first downlink information carries the communication parameters based on the frame format, for example, the reference symbol is carried in the leading sequence of the first downlink information.

[0094] (5) Downlink transmission information

[0095] The downlink transmission information may include at least one of the following: code rate information, repetition information, or transport block size (TBS) information.

[0096] The code rate information can be used to indicate relevant information about the code rate of the first downlink information. For example, the code rate information is used to indicate that the code rate of the first downlink information is 1, 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 8, 1 / 16, etc. The code rate can be a Manchester code rate. In this way, the first node can determine the code rate of the first downlink information based on the code rate information, thereby improving decoding efficiency. In some embodiments, the code rate information can also be used to indicate an index, and the index corresponds to a predefined value M, and the code rate is 1 / M. In some embodiments, the code rate information indicates an index, and the index corresponds to a predefined code rate value. In some embodiments, the code rate is 1 / 2, 1 / 4. In some embodiments, the code rate is 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 3. The code rate is at least one of the following: 1, 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 8, 1 / 16.

[0097] The repetition information is used to indicate the number of repetitions and / or the type of repetition. The number of repetitions can be used to indicate the number of repetitions of subsequent (or current) signaling (or command or data). The repetition type can be repeated in signaling units, that is, multiple first downlink information is repeated multiple times; or, the repetition type can be repeated in symbol units, that is, the symbol carrying the first downlink information is repeated multiple times; or, the repetition type can be repeated in data blocks / transmission blocks, that is, the data block carrying the first downlink information is repeated multiple times. In some embodiments, the repetition information can be used to indicate the extension code length. In some embodiments, the extension code extension multiple is 2, 4, or 8, etc. In some embodiments, the extension code includes a Miller code, a MUSA (multi User Shared Access) extension sequence, or an RS code (Reed-Solomon codes), etc. The TBS information is used to indicate the number of bits of subsequent signaling (or current signaling or downlink data of current signaling), or the TBS information of subsequent signaling, or the TBS information of subsequent downlink data; or, the TBS information is used to indicate the number of bits of the TBS information indication field; or, the TBS information is used to indicate the TBS table.

[0098] First, the number of repetitions will be described.

[0099] In some embodiments, the sequence for indicating the number of repetitions includes multiple reference symbols. The number of the multiple reference symbols is used to indicate the number of repetitions. For example, the number of predefined reference symbols is associated with the number of repetitions, or the number of reference symbols is equal to the number of repetitions.

[0100] In some embodiments, the duration of a sequence indicating a number of repetitions is related to the number of repetitions. For example, the duration (or reference symbol) of a 'sequence' of repetitions is the same as the number of repetitions. For example, the duration of a 'sequence' of repetitions divided by the reference interval equals the number of repetitions.

[0101] In some further embodiments, the sequence for indicating the number of repetitions may include a high level for a first period of time and a low level for a second period of time.

[0102] In some embodiments, the time length of the high level is greater than the time length of the low level, or the time length of the high level is less than the time length of the low level; or, the time length of the low level is predefined; or, the time length of the low level is the length of a low level in a reference symbol; or, the time length of the low level is the length of a reference symbol.

[0103] Next, TBS information is described.

[0104] In some embodiments, the TBS information is associated with at least one of: a predefined table, a codepoint, or a predefined value.

[0105] The predefined table is used to indicate the correspondence between codepoints and TBSs. TBS information can be indicated by codepoints, which can be composed of a string of bits.

[0106] In some embodiments, different states of a codepoint represent different values, or different states of a codepoint indicate different indices.

[0107] As an example, when different states of codepoint represent different values, different states of codepoint represent TBS as its binary number indication value, that is, the number of TBS values ​​that can be indicated can be 2 P number. P may be preset (or fixed), or may be indicated by the first downlink information, where P is an integer greater than or equal to 0. For example, if p = 8, '00001111' indicates that the TBS is TBS = 15. Alternatively, the different states of the codepoint represent the value of its binary indication multiplied by n, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, if n = 2, p = 8, '00001111' indicates that the TBS value is TBS = 15*2 = 30.

[0108] When different codepoint states indicate different indices, each index corresponds to a TBS value. The correspondence between index and TBS can be implemented through a predefined table.

[0109] In some embodiments, the bit length of the codepoint can be determined by the number of predefined index-TBS correspondences (i.e., the number of index-TBS correspondences in the predefined table). For example, there are m index-TBS correspondences in the predefined table, and the codepoint m is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0110] In some embodiments, the predefined table may include a subset of the TBS table predefined in 4G or 5G, or the predefined table may include the first m rows of the TBS table predefined in 4G or 5G, or the predefined table may include a set of multiple subsets of one or more TBS tables predefined in 4G or 5G, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0111] In some embodiments, TBS information is indicated by a bitmap. For example, each bit corresponds to a predefined TBS, and a bit 1 represents selection / indication of the TBS.

[0112] It can be understood that the TBS table used to carry the broadcast command is different from the TBS table used to carry the command sent to a specific first node.

[0113] In some embodiments, a preamble sequence in the first downlink information may include multiple TBS information. In some embodiments, the first downlink information may include multiple TBS information.

[0114] Different TBS information corresponds to different first nodes; or one or more TBS information corresponds to one first node; or one or more TBS information corresponds to different storage areas of one first node; or one or more TBS information corresponds to different data segments of one first node; or one or more TBS information corresponds to different command information of one first node. In some embodiments, one TBS information corresponds to multiple first nodes.

[0115] (6) Uplink transmission information

[0116] The uplink transmission information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain offset information, TBS information, number of repetitions, code rate information, coding information, modulation information, reset indication information, uplink pilot information, bandwidth information, or frequency domain position information.

[0117] Frequency domain information (including frequency domain offset information or frequency domain position information) is used to indicate at least one frequency domain (or frequency domain offset or frequency domain position). For example, the frequency domain offset information is used to indicate the frequency domain offset (or frequency domain) of the uplink transmission of the first node. The frequency domain offset of the uplink transmission is at least one of the following: a frequency domain offset randomly selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset; a frequency domain offset determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the device information of the first node; a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on a first value; or a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the first value and the device information of the first node. The first value is generated by the first node, or indicated by the second node, or predefined.

[0118] In some embodiments, the frequency domain offset of the uplink transmission is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined frequency domain offsets, device information, cell information, and a first value.

[0119] In some embodiments, the frequency domain of the uplink transmission is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined frequency domains, device information, cell information, and a second value.

[0120] In some embodiments, the uplink pilot of the uplink transmission is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined uplink pilots, device information, cell information, and a third value.

[0121] In some embodiments, the downlink pilot sequence is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined downlink pilot sequences, device information, cell information, and a fourth value.

[0122] In some embodiments, the synchronization sequence is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined synchronization sequences, device information, cell information, and a fifth value. The synchronization sequence is an uplink synchronization sequence or a downlink synchronization sequence.

[0123] In some embodiments, the terminator is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined terminators, device information, cell information, and a sixth value.

[0124] In some embodiments, the repetition interval is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined repetition intervals, device information, cell information, and a seventh value.

[0125] In some embodiments, the spacer is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined spacers, device information, cell information, and an eighth value.

[0126] In some embodiments, the reference signal / symbol is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined reference signals, device information, cell information, and a ninth value. The reference signal is an uplink reference signal or a downlink reference signal.

[0127] In some embodiments, the code rate of the uplink transmission is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined code rates, device information, cell information, and a tenth value.

[0128] In some embodiments, the spreading code spreading multiple of the uplink transmission is determined according to at least one of the following: one or more predefined spreading code spreading multiples, device information, cell information, and a tenth value.

[0129] The third value, the fourth value, the fifth value, the sixth value, the seventh value, the eighth value, the ninth value and the tenth value may be predefined, fixed, indicated by the second node, or generated by the first node.

[0130] The determination method of the above content may refer to / use the determination method of the uplink pilot or the frequency domain (ie, frequency domain frequency shift).

[0131] For example, the first parameter is determined based on at least one of the following: one or more predefined spreading code extension factors, device information, cell information, and a predefined value. The first parameter includes at least one of the following: a first parameter randomly selected by the first node from at least one first parameter; a first parameter determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; a first parameter selected by the first node from at least one first parameter based on the device information of the first node; a first parameter selected by the first node from at least one first parameter based on a predefined value; or a first parameter selected by the first node from at least one first parameter based on the first value and the device information of the first node. The predefined value is generated by the first node, indicated by the second node, or predefined.

[0132] The first parameter includes at least one of the following: frequency domain offset of uplink transmission, frequency domain of uplink transmission, uplink pilot of uplink transmission, downlink pilot sequence, synchronization sequence, end character, repetition interval, spacer, reference signal / symbol, code rate of uplink transmission, and extension code extension multiple of uplink transmission.

[0133] For another example, the frequency domain information is used to indicate the frequency domain in which the first node transmits uplink signaling.

[0134] The frequency domain offset information indicates the offset between the frequency domain position at which the first node transmits uplink signaling and the frequency domain position at which the first node receives downlink signaling. Downlink signaling is a downlink signal / signaling used for uplink backscattering.

[0135] The frequency domain information (or bandwidth information) can be used to indicate the length of the uplink symbol of the first node. In this way, the first node can transmit uplink signaling based on the frequency domain information (or bandwidth information), thereby eliminating the need for the first node to re-determine the frequency domain (or uplink symbol length) of the uplink signaling, thereby improving the communication efficiency of the first node.

[0136] The bandwidth information may be used to indicate the bandwidth occupied by uplink signaling / signal transmission of the first node.

[0137] In some implementations, after receiving the frequency domain information, the first node may determine the frequency domain corresponding to the cell ID (Identity) based on a predefined relationship between the cell information (or indicated by the first downlink information) and the frequency domain. The frequency domain may be a frequency domain offset, a frequency domain position, or a bandwidth.

[0138] Alternatively, after receiving the frequency domain information, the first node may determine the frequency domain corresponding to the device ID of the first node based on a relationship between predefined device information (eg, device ID) and the frequency domain (or indicated by the first downlink information).

[0139] Alternatively, the first node may select a frequency domain from the at least one frequency domain based on the device ID of the first node, for example, by using the value of mod (device ID of the first node / number of the at least one frequency domain) to select a frequency domain corresponding to the mod value. For example, when the mod value is 3, the third frequency domain is selected from the at least one frequency domain.

[0140] Alternatively, the first node may determine the frequency domain corresponding to the first value based on the first value, for example, by using a value of mod(first value / number of at least one frequency domain) to select a frequency domain corresponding to the mod value from the at least one frequency domain. For example, when the mod value is 3, the third frequency domain is selected from the at least one frequency domain.

[0141] Alternatively, the first node may select a frequency domain from the at least one frequency domain based on the first value and the device information of the first node. For example, based on the value of mod(device ID of the first node / first value / number of at least one frequency domain), a frequency domain corresponding to the mod value may be selected from the at least one frequency domain. For example, if the mod value is 3, the third frequency domain is selected from the at least one frequency domain.

[0142] The uplink pilot information is used to indicate that the first node determines the uplink pilot for uplink transmission, and the uplink pilot for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: an uplink pilot randomly selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot; an uplink pilot determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on a second value; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the second value and the device information of the first node. The second value is generated by the first node, or indicated by the second node, or predefined. It should be noted that the description of at least one method for determining the uplink pilot can refer to the description of at least one method for determining the frequency domain offset, and will not be repeated here.

[0143] In some embodiments, the bandwidth information (or frequency domain information) may include multiple reference symbol sequences.

[0144] In some embodiments, the number of the multiple reference symbols may be used to indicate bandwidth information (or frequency domain information) of the uplink signaling of the first node. For example, the number of predefined reference symbols is related to the bandwidth (or frequency domain) of the uplink signaling.

[0145] In some embodiments, the bandwidth information (or frequency domain information) may indicate an index, where the index corresponds to predefined bandwidth information.

[0146] Alternatively, the lengths of the multiple reference symbols may be used to indicate the bandwidth (or frequency domain) of the uplink signaling of the first node. For example, the length of the predefined reference symbol is related to the bandwidth (or frequency domain) of the uplink signaling.

[0147] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the frequency domain may also be referred to as frequency or frequency point.

[0148] In some embodiments, the indication field corresponding to the bandwidth information (or frequency domain information) may include codepoint indication information. In some embodiments, the indication field corresponding to the bandwidth information (or frequency domain information) may include bitmap indication information.

[0149] In some embodiments, codepoint indication information can be used to indicate predefined bandwidth information (or frequency domain information). For example, different codepoint states indicate different indexes, with each index corresponding to a piece of bandwidth information (or frequency domain information). The correspondence between the index and the bandwidth information (or frequency domain information) can be predefined (e.g., implemented via a predefined table). For another example, the bandwidth can be indicated by the codepoint value.

[0150] In some embodiments, bandwidth information is indicated by a bitmap. For example, each bit corresponds to a predefined bandwidth value, and a bit value of 1 indicates the bandwidth.

[0151] The reset indication information indicates the initial state of the bi-phase space coding (FM0) code reference, or includes information indicating the initial state of the FM0 code reference. This is because the FM0 code is related to the initial state of the reference, so it is sometimes necessary to specify the initial state of the reference. The initial state of the reference is either low or high.

[0152] The TBS information is used to indicate the uplink data block size, and its indication method is described in the design of the downlink TBS information (i.e., the TBS information in the downlink transmission information). It will not be explained here. It should be noted that the method of indicating the uplink TBS information is different from that of indicating the downlink TBS information. In some embodiments, the method of indicating the uplink TBS information is the same as that of indicating the downlink TBS information. The table associated with the uplink TBS information indication and the downlink TBS information indication is the same. In some embodiments, the table associated with the uplink TBS information indication and the downlink TBS information indication is different.

[0153] The design of the repetition count indication (i.e., the number of repetitions) can refer to the method described in the downlink transmission information. In some embodiments, the uplink repetition count indication (i.e., the number of repetitions in the uplink transmission information) and the downlink repetition count indication (i.e., the number of repetitions in the downlink transmission information) are indicated in the same manner. In some embodiments, the uplink repetition count indication and the downlink repetition count indication are indicated in different manners. In some embodiments, the maximum value of the uplink repetition count indication is the same as the maximum value of the downlink repetition count indication. In some embodiments, the maximum value of the uplink repetition count indication is different from the maximum value of the downlink repetition count indication.

[0154] The design of the code rate information indication (i.e., code rate information) can refer to the method of describing the code rate information in the downlink transmission information. In some embodiments, the method of indicating the uplink code rate information (i.e., the code rate information in the uplink transmission information) is the same as the method of indicating the downlink code rate information (i.e., the code rate information in the downlink transmission information). In some embodiments, the method of indicating the uplink code rate information is different from the method of indicating the downlink code rate information. In some embodiments, the candidate value indicated by the uplink code rate information is the same as the candidate value indicated by the downlink code rate information. In some embodiments, the candidate value indicated by the uplink code rate information is different from the candidate value indicated by the downlink code rate information. The candidate value includes at least one of the following: 1, 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 8, 3 / 5, 1 / 16. In some embodiments, the code rate is 1 / 2, 1 / 4. In some embodiments, the code rate is 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 3.

[0155] The coding information indicates the coding scheme used for uplink transmission. Uplink coding schemes include at least one of the following: FMO, Miller, Manchester, Polar, convolutional, Gray, and Barker codes. In some embodiments, the uplink coding scheme is used for uplink data, uplink signaling excluding the uplink preamble, all uplink signaling, or uplink signaling excluding the uplink signal.

[0156] The modulation information is used to indicate an uplink modulation mode. The uplink modulation mode includes at least one of the following: ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying), FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), and PSK (Phase Shift Keying).

[0157] The uplink pilot indication (i.e., uplink pilot information) is used to instruct the first node how to determine an uplink pilot (or uplink pilot sequence). In some embodiments, the uplink pilot indication is used to indicate an uplink pilot, and the first node uses the indicated uplink pilot to send. The indication can be in the form of an index, where the index corresponds to one of one or more predefined uplink pilots.

[0158] In some embodiments, the uplink pilot indication is used to instruct the first node to independently determine an uplink pilot. The first node determines an uplink pilot as at least one of the following: an uplink pilot randomly selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot; an uplink pilot determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on a first value; or an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the first value and the device information of the first node. The first value is generated by the first node or indicated by the second node. The method for determining the uplink pilot may use the method described in frequency domain determination. One or more uplink pilots are orthogonal. In some embodiments, orthogonal means sequence orthogonal. In some embodiments, orthogonal means orthogonal in the time domain. For example, the uplink pilot signal of one first node is 1000, the uplink pilot signal of another first node is 0100, the uplink pilot signal of another first node is 0010, and the uplink pilot signal of another first node is 0001.

[0159] The first node independently determines an uplink pilot, which allows different first nodes to select the same or different uplink pilots. If multiple first nodes send uplink information at the same time, the probability of multiple first nodes using the same uplink pilot can be reduced, thereby enabling the second node to distinguish the information of multiple first nodes through the uplink pilots.

[0160] Similarly, the first node independently determining a frequency domain can enable different first nodes to select the same or different frequency domains. If multiple first nodes send uplink information at the same time, the probability of multiple first nodes using the same frequency domain can be reduced, thereby enabling the second node to distinguish the information of multiple first nodes by frequency domain.

[0161] (7) Transmission method

[0162] The transmission mode can be used to indicate the transmission mode of the uplink signal of the first node, for example, indicating whether the transmission mode of the uplink signal of the first node is backscatter or active transmission. In this way, the first node can directly transmit the uplink signal based on the transmission mode. In some embodiments, the transmission mode is used to indicate whether it is a broadcast transmission or a transmission to a specific device.

[0163] (8) Equipment type

[0164] The device type, also known as the UE (user equipment) type, i.e., the type of the first node, can be used to indicate the device type corresponding to the first downlink information (or downlink control information, downlink data, etc.). For example, the device type is used to indicate that the device type corresponding to the first downlink information is a passive IoT device. In this case, the first node whose device type is a passive IoT device receives the first downlink information sent by the second node, while the first node whose device type is a non-passive IoT device does not receive the first downlink information sent by the second node.

[0165] In some embodiments, device types can be differentiated based on whether they have energy storage or power consumption, which is not limited in the present disclosure. Device types that are not indicated by the device type do not need to receive subsequent data or information, thereby saving power consumption.

[0166] (9) Command type

[0167] Command type: The command type can be used to indicate the type of subsequent signaling / information or current signaling / information.

[0168] In some embodiments, the first node may determine, based on the command type, whether the subsequent signaling / information (or current signaling / information) is signaling / information sent to all first nodes (e.g., broadcast signaling / information) or sent to a specific first node (e.g., unicast signaling / information). For example, when the value of the bit corresponding to the command type is "0," it indicates that the subsequent signaling / information is broadcast signaling / information, and a "1" bit indicates that the subsequent signaling / information is unicast signaling / information.

[0169] In some further embodiments, the first node may determine, based on the command type, whether the subsequent signaling / information is the signaling / information of an access process or the signaling / information of a transmission process.

[0170] In addition, command types can be divided into multiple groups, and first nodes can also be divided into multiple groups. The command type can be used to indicate the group to which the command type belongs, and to which group's first node the command of the group is sent.

[0171] (10) Scheduling information

[0172] Scheduling information is used to indicate scheduling information of the first downlink information.

[0173] (11) Data domain

[0174] Data field, used to send downlink data.

[0175] (12) End character

[0176] The terminator is used to indicate the end of a section of content. The section of content may be downlink control information in the first downlink information or downlink data in the first downlink information.

[0177] (13)CRC information

[0178] The CRC information is the CRC information of all data in the first downlink information.

[0179] (14) Activation signaling

[0180] The activation signaling is used to activate the first node, or to provide energy to the first node.

[0181] (15) Unmodulated information

[0182] The unmodulated information is used for backscattering (or reverse scattering) by the first node.

[0183] (16) Synchronous information

[0184] The synchronization information is used for synchronizing the first node with the second node. The synchronization may be frame synchronization, symbol synchronization, signaling start position synchronization, time slot synchronization, or clock synchronization.

[0185] (17) Rate information

[0186] Rate information is used to indicate the rate at which information is transmitted. In some embodiments, the rate is indicated by the length of one or more high and low levels. In some embodiments, the rate is indicated by one or more 0 or 1 bits. The rate information may include uplink rate information or downlink rate information.

[0187] Some of the above parameters can be represented by a sequence, which can be one of the following: Gray code, Barker code, Miller code, MUSA (Multi User Shared Access) spreading sequence, wash code, m-sequence, RS code, sequence of length 3, sequence of length 5, sequence of length 7, sequence of length 11, sequence of length 13, sequence of length 16, sequence of length 19, and sequence of length 23.

[0188] In some embodiments, at least one of the following may be used for channel estimation: an end character, a spacer, a repetition interval, a preamble sequence, a synchronization sequence, a reference signal, and a reference symbol.

[0189] It should be noted that the above description of the communication parameters indicated by the first downlink information is only an example description. During implementation, the communication parameters indicated by the first downlink information may also include other parameters, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0190] The above describes various communication parameters in the communication parameters. The following will introduce the first downlink information in combination with various scenarios, namely: Scenario 1, the length of the reference symbol of the first downlink information; Scenario 2, the structure of the first downlink information; Scenario 3, the leading sequence in the first downlink information; Scenario 4, the downlink control information in the first downlink information; Scenario 5, the repetition of the first downlink information; Scenario 6, the frequency hopping of the first downlink information.

[0191] Scenario 1: Length of the reference symbol of the first downlink information.

[0192] In some embodiments, the length of the reference symbol is determined based on the time domain resources of the communication system. The time domain resources include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: a symbol or a time slot. For example, the length of a reference symbol may be a symbol length; or, the length of multiple reference symbols may be the same as the length of multiple 5G symbols; or, the length of multiple reference symbols may be the same as the length of multiple 5G time slots; or, the length of multiple reference symbols may be equal to: multiple 5G symbol lengths + multiple cyclic prefix (CP) lengths; or, the length of multiple reference symbols may be equal to: multiple 5G symbol lengths + K*delta; or, the length of multiple reference symbols may be equal to: multiple 5G time slot lengths + K*delta; or, the length of multiple reference symbols may be equal to: multiple 5G symbol lengths + multiple CP lengths + K*delta. K is a positive integer, and delta is a predetermined value or a value indicated by the first downlink information. In some embodiments, the 5G symbol length is the symbol length when the SCS is 15kHz.

[0193] In some embodiments, the length of a reference symbol may correspond to the sub - carrier spacing (SCS) or the type of the first node.

[0194] In still other embodiments, the length of a reference symbol is the ratio of L to A. L is the length of a 5G symbol, and A is a predefined positive value or the value indicated by the first downlink information.

[0195] As an example, when 0 < A < 1, A may satisfy A = 1 / B, where B is a positive integer greater than 1. B may also be a multiple of 2 (or an integer power of 2). In this case, the length of one reference symbol corresponds to the lengths of multiple 5G symbols. For example, the length of one reference symbol is equal to the lengths of four 5G symbols. Exemplarily, FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the reference symbol length when 0 < A < 1 and the length of one reference symbol is equal to the lengths of four 5G symbols.

[0196] When A≥1, A is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Alternatively, A is 1, or a multiple of 2, or an integer power of 2. In this case, the symbol length of one 5G air interface corresponds to the lengths of one or more reference symbols. Exemplarily, FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the reference symbol length when A≥1 and the length of one reference symbol is equal to the lengths of four 5G symbols. Taking A≥1 as an example, the lengths of two reference symbols are equal to the length of one 5G symbol.

[0197] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the value of A may be related to the SCS, and different SCSs correspond to different values of A.

[0198] [[ID=1st]]In some embodiments, the second node may correspond to multiple SCSs (the SCSs of different BWPs, carriers, and cells are different), and the lengths of the symbols corresponding to the multiple SCSs are different. When the length of a reference symbol is the ratio of L to A, since L corresponds to the length of a 5G symbol and the lengths of the symbols corresponding to multiple SCSs are different, the value of L is also related to the SCS.

[0199] As an example, the 5G symbol corresponding to L may be: the length of the smallest symbol among the multiple symbols corresponding to multiple SCSs; or the smallest symbol among the symbols corresponding to the SCS in the uplink bandwidth part (BWP); or the smallest symbol among the symbols corresponding to the SCS in the downlink BWP; or the length of the largest symbol among the symbols corresponding to the SCS; or the largest symbol among the symbols corresponding to the SCS in the uplink BWP; or the largest symbol among the symbols corresponding to the SCS in the downlink BWP.

[0200] In some embodiments, L is 1 / 14 ms. L is the symbol length when the SCS is 15 kHz.

[0201] In some embodiments, L is the length of one symbol when the SCS is 15kHz / 30KHz.

[0202] It is understandable that the length of the reference symbol can be designed to satisfy the following requirement: the starting position of each reference symbol is aligned with the starting position of a symbol.

[0203] In some embodiments, different fields or different communication parameters or different parts in the first downlink information may correspond to different reference symbol lengths, ie, have different corresponding relationships. Different parts refer to: preamble sequence or downlink control information or downlink data.

[0204] In some embodiments, the symbol lengths of different fields, different communication parameters, or different parts of the first downlink information may correspond to different reference symbol lengths, ie, have different corresponding relationships. Different parts refer to: preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data.

[0205] In some embodiments, the symbol lengths of different fields, different communication parameters, or different parts of the first downlink information may be different, that is, they have different corresponding relationships. Different parts refer to: preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data.

[0206] The symbol length may refer to other parts, or the description of the reference symbol. In some embodiments, the symbol length represents the length of a unit high level and / or a unit low level. In some embodiments, the symbol length is the on-off keying (OOK) symbol length. In some embodiments, the symbol length is the length of bit 0 and / or bit 1 before / after encoding. The symbol length may be predefined or indicated by the first downlink signal. In some embodiments, the symbol length is the length of a bit 0 and / or bit 1 after encoding. In some embodiments, the symbol length is the unit information bit length. In some embodiments, the symbol length is the length of one cycle of the baseband signal or the length of half a cycle of the baseband signal. The correspondence between the symbol length and the symbol length of 4G or 5G can be described using the correspondence between the reference symbol and the symbol length of 4G or 5G in the reference symbol description. In some embodiments, different symbol lengths represent different correspondences with the symbol lengths of 4G or 5G.

[0207] The reference symbol length may be predefined or indicated by the first downlink information.

[0208] For example, the reference symbol length of the preamble sequence in the first downlink information corresponds to one symbol length when the SCS is 15 kHz. The reference symbol length of the downlink data in the first downlink information corresponds to the reference symbol length indicated in the preamble sequence.

[0209] For example, the reference symbol length of the preamble sequence in the first downlink information corresponds to a predefined symbol length. The reference symbol length of the downlink data in the first downlink information corresponds to the reference symbol length indicated in the preamble sequence.

[0210] For example, the reference symbol length of the preamble sequence in the first downlink information corresponds to one symbol length when the SCS is 15 kHz. The reference symbol length of the downlink data in the first downlink information corresponds to a symbol length when the SCS is 30 kHz.

[0211] For example, the symbol length of the preamble sequence in the first downlink information corresponds to one symbol length when the SCS is 15 kHz. The symbol lengths of the downlink control information and downlink data in the first downlink information correspond to the symbol length when the SCS is 120 kHz.

[0212] For example, the symbol length of the preamble sequence in the first downlink information corresponds to the length indicated by the reference symbol in the preamble sequence. The symbol length of the downlink data in the first downlink information corresponds to the symbol length indicated by the reference symbol in the downlink data.

[0213] For example, the symbol length of the preamble sequence in the first downlink information corresponds to the length indicated by the reference symbol in the preamble sequence. The symbol length of the downlink data in the first downlink information corresponds to the symbol length indicated by the reference symbol in the downlink data.

[0214] In some embodiments, the symbol length of the first communication parameter corresponds to a first symbol length, and the symbol length of the second communication parameter corresponds to a second symbol length. The first symbol length is different from the second symbol length. The first symbol length and / or the second symbol length are predefined or indicated by signaling.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first communication parameter includes at least one of the following: a start character, a spacer, and a preamble sequence.

[0216] In some embodiments, the second communication parameter includes at least one of the following: downlink data, downlink control information, and a preamble sequence.

[0217] In some embodiments, the communication parameters include communication parameters in uplink information.

[0218] In some embodiments, a first node transmits uplink information to a second node. The uplink information includes communication parameters. The communication parameters include at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, a reference symbol, an uplink pilot, a reference signal, a terminator, a spacer, a repetition interval, a positioning signal, and uplink data. It should be noted that the definitions of the uplink communication parameters can refer to the relevant description in the first downlink information.

[0219] In some embodiments, different communication parameters or different uplink parts or different fields in the uplink information have different symbol lengths.

[0220] The uplink part includes at least one of the following: an uplink pilot, a preamble sequence, a reference signal, a positioning signal, and uplink data. Different communication parameters or different uplink parts or different fields in the uplink information have different symbol lengths.

[0221] In some embodiments, the first communication parameter includes at least one of the following: a positioning signal, a preamble sequence, an uplink pilot, a reference signal, a terminator, a spacer, and a repetition interval.

[0222] In some embodiments, the second communication parameter includes at least one of the following: a reference signal, a positioning signal, and uplink data.

[0223] For example, the symbol length of the start character, the spacer, or the preamble sequence corresponds to a first symbol length, and the symbol length of the data (uplink data or downlink data) corresponds to a second symbol length.

[0224] For example, the positioning signal corresponds to a first symbol length, and the preamble sequence corresponds to a second symbol length.

[0225] For example, the preamble sequence or the reference signal or the terminator or the tail synchronization sequence corresponds to a first symbol length, and the data (uplink data or downlink data) corresponds to a second symbol length.

[0226] It should be noted that the lengths of reference symbols corresponding to different types of first nodes may be different.

[0227] It should be noted that the above description of the length of the reference symbol is only an example description. During implementation, the length of the reference symbol can also meet other conditions, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0228] Scenario 2: Structure of the first downlink information.

[0229] In some embodiments, the first downlink information includes at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data.

[0230] The preamble sequence is used to carry at least one parameter among the communication parameters; or, the downlink control information is used to carry at least one parameter among the communication parameters; or, the downlink data is used to carry at least one parameter among the communication parameters.

[0231] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence, or the downlink control information, or the downlink data carries part of the communication parameters (ie, at least one parameter of the communication parameters).

[0232] In some embodiments, the first downlink information may correspond to one or more types, such as a first type, a second type, and / or a third type. The first downlink information of the first type includes a preamble sequence and downlink control information; or the first downlink information of the second type includes a preamble sequence and downlink data; or the first downlink information of the third type includes a preamble sequence, downlink control information, and downlink data.

[0233] FIG7 shows a schematic structural diagram of first downlink information including a preamble sequence, downlink control information or downlink data.

[0234] In some further embodiments, the first downlink information includes at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, downlink control information, downlink data, or a terminator.

[0235] For example, the first downlink information includes 4 parts: preamble sequence + downlink control information + downlink data information + terminator; or, the first downlink information (i.e., the first downlink control information of the first type) includes 2 parts: preamble sequence + downlink control information; or, the first downlink information includes 3 parts: preamble sequence + downlink control information + terminator; or, the first downlink information includes 4 parts: preamble sequence + downlink control information + preamble sequence + downlink data; or, the first downlink information includes 5 parts: preamble sequence + downlink control information + preamble sequence + downlink data + terminator; or, the first downlink information only includes the preamble sequence; or, the first downlink information includes: preamble sequence + downlink data.

[0236] In some embodiments, the terminator may be included in the downlink data, or in the downlink control information, or in the preamble sequence, rather than existing as a separate part.

[0237] In some embodiments, different first downlink information is used for different device types.

[0238] In some embodiments, the downlink control information is carried via a data channel or indicated by a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer higher layer.

[0239] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence is a downlink signal.

[0240] In some embodiments, some communication parameters in the downlink control information are carried via a data channel or indicated by a higher layer of the MAC layer; some communication parameters are carried (sent) via layer 1 or the physical layer.

[0241] In some embodiments, downlink data is transmitted (sent or received) on a data channel.

[0242] In some embodiments, the first downlink information includes downlink data and multiple preamble sequences, and at least one preamble sequence of the multiple preamble sequences is interspersed in the downlink data.

[0243] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a preamble sequence interspersed in downlink data. As shown in Figure 8, the first downlink information may include a preamble sequence, downlink control information and downlink data. There are four preamble sequences. Three preamble sequences (or spacers or end symbols or synchronization sequences) are interwoven (interspersed) in the downlink data. The preamble sequence or spacer or end symbol or synchronization sequence is used to ensure synchronization performance. The preamble sequence or spacer or end symbol or synchronization sequence can be inserted at fixed time intervals or at predefined positions (intervals). In other words, the position of the preamble sequence or spacer or end symbol or synchronization sequence is predefined or indicated by signaling. The number of preamble sequences or spacers or end symbols or synchronization sequences is predefined or indicated by signaling. In some embodiments, the preamble sequence or spacer or end symbol or synchronization sequence used between downlink data is designed differently from other preamble sequences or spacers or end symbols or synchronization sequences. Different designs mean different sequences, or different lengths, or different structures.

[0244] It should be noted that the above description of the structure of the downlink control information is only an example description. During implementation, the downlink control information may also have other structures, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0245] Scenario 3: Design of the preamble sequence in the first downlink information.

[0246] The preamble sequence (also referred to as a guide header or frame synchronization) may be used for synchronization and may also help the first node perform decoding (eg, bit decision).

[0247] In some embodiments, one piece of first downlink information may include one or more preamble sequences. When one piece of first downlink information includes multiple preamble sequences, the structures (or types) of the multiple preamble sequences may be the same or different.

[0248] In some further embodiments, different types of preamble sequences carry different communication parameters, or the types of communication parameters carried by different types of preamble sequences may be partially different or completely different.

[0249] In some other embodiments, the first correspondences corresponding to different types of preamble sequences are different, and the first correspondences are the correspondences between bits and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. That is, different types of preamble sequences correspond to different modulation modes. Alternatively, the first correspondence is the correspondence between the reference symbol length used for communicating with the first node and the symbol length used by the second node in the 4G or 5G system. That is, the reference symbol lengths are different. Alternatively, the first correspondence is the correspondence between the symbol length (or unit high level / low level) used for communicating with the first node and the symbol length used by the second node in the 4G or 5G system. That is, the symbol lengths are different.

[0250] In some further embodiments, different types of preamble sequences correspond to different reference symbols; or, different types of preamble sequences correspond to different functions; or, different types of preamble sequences correspond to different downlink control information; or, different types of preamble sequences correspond to different sequences; or, different types of preamble sequences correspond to different frame types.

[0251] In some embodiments, the length of a preamble sequence is an integer multiple of a time slot.

[0252] In some embodiments, when the preamble sequence is insufficient in length, a high or low level may be added after the preamble sequence, or a spacer may be added after the preamble sequence.

[0253] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence starts with a low level for a period of time. That is, the beginning of the preamble sequence must be a low level.

[0254] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence may carry part of the communication parameters, and the part of the communication parameters may include at least one of the following: synchronization information, rate information, spacer, decoding information, frame type, downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, repetition information, device type, and TBS information.

[0255] It should be noted that different communication parameters can be indicated by the same sequence, that is, a single sequence can be used to derive multiple communication parameters. Alternatively, different communication parameters can be indicated by different sequences. In other words, a single sequence can indicate one or more communication parameters. For example, synchronization information, rate information, or decoding information can be indicated by a single sequence.

[0256] In some embodiments, the leader sequence comprises one or more sequences.

[0257] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence is determined based on cell information or multiple predefined sequences or predefined values. For example, if multiple sequences are predefined (e.g., four 13-bit Barker code sequences), the preamble sequence is a function (cell ID / M), where the function can be rounding up, rounding down, rounding off, modulo operation, etc. M is a predefined value, a positive integer, such as 4 or 2. In some embodiments, M is a function (total number of cell IDs / number of optional (predefined) sequences). In some embodiments, the total number of cell IDs is 1008.

[0258] As some examples, the preamble sequence includes a spacer, a reference symbol, and decoding information, and the above three contents can be combined into one content or two contents; or, the preamble sequence includes a spacer, a reference symbol, decoding information, a frame type, downlink transmission information, and uplink transmission information; or, the preamble sequence includes a spacer, a reference symbol, decoding information, a frame type, repetition information, and uplink transmission information; or, the preamble sequence includes a spacer, a reference symbol, decoding information, uplink transmission information, and a device type; or, the preamble sequence includes a spacer, a reference symbol, decoding information, uplink transmission information, and a command type; or, the preamble sequence includes a spacer, a reference symbol, decoding information, and uplink transmission information; or, the preamble sequence includes a spacer, a reference symbol, decoding information, and uplink transmission information.

[0259] In some embodiments, the position of the spacer satisfies at least one of the following: located between the downlink control information and the downlink data; located between the preamble sequence and the downlink control information; located before the preamble sequence; located at the beginning of the preamble sequence; located at the end of the preamble sequence; located at the beginning of the downlink control information; located at the end of the downlink control information; located at the beginning of the downlink data; located in the middle of the downlink data; or located between the preamble sequence and the downlink data.

[0260] In some embodiments, different downlink control information corresponds to different preamble sequences. In this way, the first node can determine the type of downlink control information after determining the preamble sequence, thereby improving decoding efficiency.

[0261] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence is at least one of the following: a preamble sequence determined by encoding preset information based on pulse width encoding (PIE); a preamble sequence determined by adding a high level of a third preset time length to a Barker code; a preamble sequence determined by adding a high level of a third preset time length to a Gray code; the preset information is encoded by a Manchester code and a preamble sequence determined by adding a high level.

[0262] In some embodiments, the preamble sequence includes multiple preamble sequences. For example, the first preamble sequence is transmitted at the beginning of the first downlink information, and the second preamble sequence is used as a separator or a terminator.

[0263] In some embodiments, the leading sequence, or the terminator, or the spacer, or the synchronization sequence is at least one of the following: a sequence of length 3, a sequence of length 5, a sequence of length 7, a sequence of length 11, a sequence of length 13, a sequence of length 16, a sequence of length 19, or a sequence of length 23.

[0264] In some embodiments, the leading sequence, the terminator, the spacer, or the synchronization sequence is at least one of the following: a sequence of length 3, a sequence of length 5, a sequence of length 7, or a sequence of length 11.

[0265] The sequence of length 3 is at least one of the following: [0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0].

[0266] The sequence of length 5 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,1,0], [0,1,0,0,0], [1,0,1,1,1], [1,1,1,0,1].

[0267] The sequence of length 7 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,1,1,0,1], [0,1,0,0,1,1,1], [1,0,1,1,0,0,0], [1,1,1,0,0,1,0].

[0268] The sequence of length 11 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1],[0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1],[1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],[1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0].

[0269] The sequence of length 13 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0],[0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0],[1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1],[1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1].

[0270] The sequence of length 16 is at least one of the following:

[0271] [0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0],

[0272] [0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0],

[0273] [0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1],

[0274] [0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1],

[0275] [0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1],

[0276] [0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0],

[0277] [1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1],

[0278] [1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0],

[0279] [1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0],

[0280] [1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0],

[0281] [1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1],

[0282] [1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1].

[0283] The sequence of length 19 is at least one of the following:

[0284] [0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1],

[0285] [0,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1],

[0286] [1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],

[0287] [1,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0].

[0288] The sequence of length 23 is at least one of the following:

[0289] [0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1],

[0290] [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1],

[0291] [1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0],

[0292] [1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0],

[0293] [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1],

[0294] [0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1],

[0295] [0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1],

[0296] [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1],

[0297] [0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1],

[0298] [0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1],

[0299] [1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0],

[0300] [1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0],

[0301] [1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0],

[0302] [1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0],

[0303] [1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0],

[0304] [1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0].

[0305] It should be noted that the above description of the structure of the preamble sequence is only an example description. During implementation, the preamble sequence may also have other structures, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0306] Scenario 4: Downlink control information in the first downlink information.

[0307] In some embodiments, the downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, and command type in the communication parameters are carried in the downlink control information.

[0308] The communication parameters carried by the downlink control information may include a command type. The command type may include at least one of the following: an inventory command, an inventory parameter update command, a select command, a read command, a write command, a block read command, a block write command, a request ID command, a kill command, or a lock command, a group read command, a group write command, an access command, an access confirmation, an access feedback, a confirmation command, a parameter update command, a downlink scheduling command, a paging signaling, an uplink data scheduling request command, an authentication command, an activation / deactivation command, an IoT device status indication command, or a downlink reference / synchronization command.

[0309] In some embodiments, the number of first nodes is related to the command type in the downlink control information. The command type in the downlink control information may include: a command for a specific first node (or a unicast command, an A-IoT specific command), a command sent to a group of first nodes (or a group command, a multicast command), and a command sent to all first nodes (or a broadcast command).

[0310] In some embodiments, the downlink control information length or downlink data length, or data type, or first node status can be determined based on the command type. The first node status includes at least one of the following: inventory process status, preparation status, etc. The inventory process status indicates that the first node is in the inventory process. The preparation status indicates that the first node has been instructed to feed back uplink information to the second node based on the first downlink information. In some embodiments, the data type includes long data or short data.

[0311] In some embodiments, downlink control information may include modulation information in communication parameters. The modulation information may be used to indicate the coding type or modulation information for subsequent commands, thereby helping the first node perform decoding more efficiently. Alternatively, the modulation information may be used to indicate the coding type or modulation information for uplink signaling from the first node. The first node transmits uplink information based on the modulation information, and the second node demodulates the uplink information based on the modulation information.

[0312] In some embodiments, the scheduling information in the downlink control information is different depending on the command type.

[0313] In some embodiments, the downlink control information may include a device type, which may indicate association with one or more specific first nodes, such as a device ID, device-specific information, RN (radio network) information of the device, a group ID, and the like.

[0314] In some embodiments, the length of the downlink control information is fixed. In some embodiments, the length of the downlink control information can be a variety of fixed lengths. It is understood that since the length of the downlink control information is fixed, the first node can directly determine the end position of the signaling during decoding, thereby more conveniently obtaining information in the downlink control information.

[0315] In some embodiments, downlink control information of different types (or formats) has different lengths and different preamble sequences.

[0316] In some embodiments, when the length of the bits carrying information in the downlink control information is less than a preset length, the downlink control information includes padding bits, which are bits that do not carry information in the downlink control information or repeated bits in the downlink control information.

[0317] The padding bits may be predefined bits. For example, the padding bits may be all 1 bits or all 0 bits; or the padding bits may be placed after the bits carrying information in the downlink control information; or the padding bits may be repeated bits carrying information in the downlink control information.

[0318] In some embodiments, the length of the downlink control information is determined based on the command type. The bit information indicating the command type may indicate the length of the downlink control information. Alternatively, some of the bits in the bit information indicating the command type are used to indicate the length of the downlink control information. For example, when the bit sequence of the command type begins with "01," the command type may indicate that the length of the downlink control information (or command type) is a first length; or, when the command type begins with "001," the command type may indicate that the length of the downlink control information (or command type) is a second length. In some embodiments, the length of the downlink control information is determined based on the command type. The bit information indicating the command type may indicate the length of the downlink control information. Alternatively, some of the bits in the bit information indicating the command type are used to indicate the length of the downlink control information. For example, when the bit sequence of the command type begins with "10," the command type may indicate that the length of the downlink control information (or command type) is a first length; or, when the command type begins with "110," the command type may indicate that the length of the downlink control information (or command type) is a second length. The first length and the second length may be any preset lengths.

[0319] In some embodiments, the length of the downlink control information carrying the inventory command (or inventory adjustment command) is different from the length of the downlink control information carrying the read / write command. The length of the downlink control information carrying the broadcast command is different from the length of the downlink control information carrying the command sent to a specific first node.

[0320] In some embodiments, the number of bits indicating the command type in the downlink control information is fixed, and different codewords are used for different command types. In some embodiments, the bit sequence indicating the command type has multiple fixed lengths. The number of bits in the bit sequence for each command type is fixed. In some embodiments, the number of bits in the bit sequence used to indicate some parameters of the communication parameters in the downlink control information is fixed. In some embodiments, the number of bits in the downlink control information is not fixed. In some embodiments, the first node may determine whether the downlink control information has ended based on whether a terminator is received.

[0321] In some embodiments, the downlink control information may include a terminator. The terminator may be a predefined sequence; alternatively, the terminator may be a predefined sequence of high and low levels. For example, the terminator may be: a low level segment followed by a high level segment. The low level segment is shorter than the high level segment. Another example may be: a high level segment followed by a low level segment followed by a high level segment. The low level segment is shorter than the high level segment, or each level segment is the same length.

[0322] The terminator can be of multiple types. The multiple terminators can include terminators used to indicate different types of downlink control information. For example, different types of downlink control information may have different terminators. In some embodiments, the terminator of the downlink control information of the third length is shorter than the terminator of the downlink control information of the fourth length. The third length is less than the fourth length, and the third and fourth lengths can be of any length.

[0323] The multiple terminators may also include terminators with different functions. For example, the terminators with different functions may include at least one of the following: indicating the end of some parameters in the communication parameters in the downlink control information, indicating the end of a repetition, indicating the end of the entire downlink control information, indicating the end of a preamble sequence, or indicating the end of downlink data.

[0324] In some embodiments, different terminators may use the same structure but have different durations. For example, the terminator structure may be: a high level segment followed by a low level segment followed by a high level segment, where the length of the first high level segment is twice the length of the low level segment, and the length of the second high level segment is at least twice the length of the low level segment. Different terminators have different low level lengths, which also results in different high level lengths.

[0325] It should be noted that the above description of the structure of the terminator is merely an example. During implementation, the terminator may also have other structures, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0326] Scenario 5: Duplication in the first downlink information.

[0327] In some embodiments, repeated information in the first downlink information (i.e., repeated information in the communication parameters) includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: repetition of a preamble sequence, repetition of downlink control information, or repetition of downlink data. The design of repetition in the first downlink information can increase the reliability of information transmission. The preamble sequence can be used to indicate the number of repetitions in the repeated information, which can be the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data.

[0328] In some embodiments, among multiple repeated pieces of first downlink information, a terminator may be present after the last repeated piece of information, for example, a terminator may be present after the last repeated preamble sequence; or a terminator may be present after the last piece of downlink control information; or a terminator may be present after the last piece of downlink data. The terminator may serve as part of the preamble sequence, the downlink control information, or the downlink data.

[0329] In the multiple repeated messages, the first N repeated messages may also include the number of repetitions; or each downlink control message may include the number of repetitions. In this way, the first node obtains the number of repetitions in the repeated messages through decoding. N is a positive integer.

[0330] In some embodiments, a preamble sequence may be present before each repeated downlink control information; or, a preamble sequence may be followed by multiple repeated downlink control information.

[0331] In some embodiments, the downlink control information or downlink data in the first downlink information is repeated multiple times, and the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times to meet one of the following conditions: the downlink control information is repeated multiple times in units of downlink control information; the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of downlink data; the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of data segments or transmission blocks; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of indicator fields; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of bits; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of bit groups, and the bit group includes multiple consecutive bits in the downlink control information or downlink data.

[0332] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, repetition can be performed in units of one or more bits, in units of one or more fields, in units of one or more segments, in units of one or more communication parameters, in units of one or more sequences; or in units of the entire downlink control information. In some embodiments, repetition can occur only in certain specific fields or certain specific segments of downlink data.

[0333] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of downlink control information repetition. As shown in Figure 9, a plurality of repeated downlink control information may be present after a downlink control information. In addition, an end mark may be present after the last repeated downlink control information to indicate the end of the repeated downlink control information.

[0334] If the first downlink information consists of multiple consecutively repeated downlink signaling messages, a repetition interval exists between two adjacent repetitions of the first downlink information. If the downlink control information consists of multiple consecutively repeated downlink control information messages, a repetition interval exists between two adjacent repetitions of the downlink control information messages. If the downlink data consists of multiple consecutively repeated downlink data messages, a repetition interval exists between two adjacent repetitions of the downlink data messages. Alternatively, a repetition interval exists between two repetitions of the information messages. The repetition interval may be a time interval.

[0335] The repetition interval may be a predefined sequence or a predefined high or low level. The repetition interval may be used for decoding by the first node. In some embodiments, among multiple repeated downlink signaling (or downlink control information, downlink data), a repetition interval may exist only between the first two downlink signalings (or downlink control information, downlink data), or a repetition interval may exist between every two downlink signalings (or downlink control information, downlink data).

[0336] In some embodiments, the separator or repeating interval is an end character, which can also be understood as a separator or repeating interval.

[0337] In some embodiments, the spacer, terminator or repetition interval is at least one of the following: a low level of a first time length, a high level of a first time length, a high level of a first preset time length and a low level of a second preset time length, a high level and a low level obtained by modulating or encoding a predefined bit sequence.

[0338] The first time length and the second time length can be any time lengths.

[0339] Figure 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a repetition interval between multiple repeated downlink control information messages. A preamble sequence precedes the multiple repeated downlink control information messages, and a repetition interval exists only between the first two downlink control information messages. Alternatively, a preamble sequence precedes each repeated downlink control information message, and a repetition interval exists between every two downlink control information messages. In some embodiments, the repetition interval may be a spacer or a preamble sequence.

[0340] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a method in which a repetition interval exists between multiple repeated first downlink information. The first downlink information may include a preamble sequence, downlink control information, and downlink data. The preamble sequence, downlink control information, and downlink data in the first downlink information may be repeated as a whole, with a repetition interval existing between every two such first downlink information.

[0341] In some embodiments, when downlink control information carries all or part of the communication parameters, each communication parameter indicated by the downlink control information can be repeated separately. That is, after one communication parameter is repeated, another communication parameter begins to be repeated. This repetition method can also be referred to as repetition on a per-domain basis. In some embodiments, a repetition interval can exist between each separately repeated communication parameter.

[0342] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of a single repetition of communication parameters. Downlink control information includes a command type and TBS information. A preamble sequence may precede the command type and TBS information. The command type is repeated multiple times. After the command type is repeated, the TBS information is repeated multiple times. A repetition interval may exist between the repeated command type and the repeated TBS information; alternatively, there may be no repetition interval between the repeated command type and the repeated TBS information.

[0343] If the communication parameters include multiple consecutively repeated command types, the target communication parameters in the communication parameters are the multiple consecutively repeated parameters, and the target communication parameters are communication parameters of a type other than the command type in the communication parameters. The number of repetitions of the command type and the number of repetitions of the target communication parameters may be the same or different. The number of repetitions of all communication parameters in the downlink control information may be the same or different.

[0344] In some embodiments, the downlink control information may include multiple repeated communication parameters. The repeated communication parameters in the downlink control information may be repeated at the bit level. For example, each bit in the downlink control information may be repeated individually, i.e., after a bit is repeated multiple times, the next bit begins to repeat. Alternatively, after a bit group is repeated multiple times, the next bit group begins to repeat. In some embodiments, the bit group may be a whole composed of multiple communication parameters.

[0345] Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the repetition of command type and target communication parameters in downlink control information. Downlink control information may include command type, TBS information, and device type. A preamble sequence precedes the downlink control information. The TBS information and device type are target communication parameters, i.e., the aforementioned bit groups. The command type is repeated alone, while the TBS information and device type are repeated together.

[0346] In some embodiments, an end character is provided after each repetition to indicate the end of the repetition. Furthermore, a predefined sequence may be provided after each repetition to indicate whether there will be subsequent repetitions. In some embodiments, when the number of repetitions in the repetition information may not be included in the preamble sequence or downlink control information, the first node may determine whether there will be further repetitions based on the predefined sequence indicating whether there will be further repetitions.

[0347] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of a first downlink message including a predefined sequence. The first downlink message may include a preamble sequence, downlink control information, and a terminator. The downlink control information and terminator are repeated as a whole. In the first downlink message, after the first repetition, there is a predefined sequence indicating repeated transmission. After the second repetition, there is a predefined sequence indicating no repeated transmission.

[0348] In some embodiments, the predefined sequence may be a predefined character, and different predefined characters represent different meanings. For example, when the predefined character is 1, it indicates repeated transmission, and when the predefined character is 0, it indicates no repeated transmission.

[0349] In some embodiments, the terminator includes a first terminator and / or a second terminator. In some embodiments, the terminator may further include at least one of the following: a third terminator, or a fourth terminator.

[0350] The first terminator is used to indicate the end of one repetition. The second terminator is used to indicate the end of multiple repetitions. The third terminator is used to indicate the end of the preamble sequence. The fourth terminator is used to indicate the end of downlink control information.

[0351] In some embodiments, the first terminator is used to indicate the end of one segment of repetition, and the second terminator is used to indicate the end of multiple segments of repetition.

[0352] In some embodiments, the second terminator is used to indicate the end of downlink data, the third terminator is used to indicate the end of the preamble sequence, and the fourth terminator is used to indicate the end of downlink control information.

[0353] In some embodiments, the second terminator is used to indicate the end of the first downlink information of the first type, the third terminator is used to indicate the end of the first downlink information of the second type, and the fourth terminator is used to indicate the end of the first downlink information of the third type.

[0354] In some embodiments, the second terminator is used to indicate the end of the first downlink information of the first type, and the third terminator is used to indicate the end of the first downlink information of the second type.

[0355] In some embodiments, the first terminator is used to indicate the end of the transmission, and the second terminator is used for synchronization.

[0356] In some embodiments, the terminator can also be used to indicate at least one of the following: the end of some communication parameters in the communication parameters carried by the downlink control information, the end of one repeated downlink control information in multiple consecutive repeated downlink control information, the end of one repeated downlink data in multiple consecutive repeated downlink data, the end of multiple consecutive repeated downlink control information, the end of multiple consecutive repeated downlink data, the end of the leading sequence, or the end of the downlink data.

[0357] In some embodiments, different types of terminators correspond to different types of downlink control information, or different types of terminators have different functions.

[0358] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node can determine whether there will be subsequent repeated transmissions based on the terminator type. Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of different types of terminators. The first downlink information may include a preamble sequence, downlink control information, and a terminator. The downlink control information is repeated multiple times. The presence of a first terminator after the first repeated downlink control information indicates that there will be subsequent repeated downlink control information. The presence of a second terminator after the last downlink control information indicates that there will be no subsequent repeated downlink control information.

[0359] In one implementation, the CRC information in the first downlink information may not be repeated.

[0360] It should be noted that the above description of the repeated information in the first downlink information is only an example description. During implementation, the repeated information in the first downlink information may also be in other forms, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0361] Scenario 6: Frequency hopping of the first downlink information.

[0362] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, frequency hopping may be performed in units of one or more bits; or, in units of one or more domains; or, in units of one or more segments; or, in units of the entire first downlink information.

[0363] The first downlink information sent after each frequency hopping may include at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, and communication parameters including a spacer, a reference symbol, uplink transmission information, or decoding information.

[0364] In some embodiments, frequency hopping may be performed in a sub-band order, and the sub-band order of each hopping may be predefined, for example, hopping may be performed in the order of 1, 3, 5, 7, etc., from sub-band 3 to sub-band 5, etc.

[0365] Generally speaking, the maximum value of each frequency hopping does not exceed a preset value. The preset value may be a value of a maximum adjustable frequency bandwidth, for example, the preset value is less than or equal to 5 MHz.

[0366] It should be noted that the above description of the frequency hopping of the first downlink information is only an example description. During implementation, the frequency hopping of the first downlink information may also be implemented in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0367] The above describes the first downlink information from multiple aspects. The following describes how the first node performs communication processing based on the first downlink information after receiving the first downlink information.

[0368] Figure 16 shows a flow chart of another data transmission method. In combination with Figure 2 , as shown in Figure 16 , after the first node receives the first downlink information sent by the second node, the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes S1601 and S1602 .

[0369] In S1601, the first node sends an uplink pilot to the second node based on the communication parameters.

[0370] The uplink pilot signal is one of multiple orthogonal sequences.

[0371] In some implementations, because the first downlink information may include uplink transmission information, transmission mode, and other parameters, the first node may determine the frequency, transmission mode, or sequence of the uplink pilot based on the first downlink information. The uplink pilots of multiple first nodes may be orthogonal. In some embodiments, orthogonal means sequence orthogonal. In some embodiments, orthogonal means orthogonal in the time domain. For example, the uplink pilot of one first node may be 1000, the uplink pilot of another first node may be 0100, the uplink pilot of yet another first node may be 0010, and the uplink pilot of yet another first node may be 0001.

[0372] In S1602 , the first node sends uplink data to the second node based on the communication parameters.

[0373] The frequency domain location of uplink data transmission is different from the frequency domain location of downlink information. Uplink data is sent via backscatter.

[0374] In some implementations, the first node may send an uplink pilot based on the first downlink information, or may send uplink data based on the first downlink information. In some embodiments, the first node may send the uplink data after the first node sends the uplink pilot. In some embodiments, the frequency domain position at which the uplink data is sent is offset from the frequency domain position of the downlink information (e.g., the first downlink information) by a certain frequency domain.

[0375] In some embodiments, different first nodes send uplink data / information at different frequency domain locations, thereby achieving a frequency division effect of multiple first nodes and improving system capacity.

[0376] It can be understood that the frequency domain position at which the uplink data is sent is different from the frequency domain position at which the downlink data is sent, that is, the uplink data and the downlink data are frequency-divided.

[0377] In some embodiments, the first node sends uplink information to the second node, and there are multiple types of uplink information. For example, the first uplink information is used to transmit data. For example, the second uplink information is used for positioning and / or transmitting data. In some embodiments, the uplink pilots (or leading sequences) and / or reference signals of different uplink information are different. For example, the uplink pilots (or leading sequences) and / or reference signals of the second uplink information are all 1. For example, the number (or time) of 1 or high level in the uplink pilot (or leading sequence) and / or reference signal of the second uplink information is greater than the number (or time) of 1 or high level in the uplink pilot (or leading sequence) and / or reference signal of the first uplink information. For example, the sequence length in the uplink pilot (or leading sequence) and / or reference signal of the second uplink information is longer than the sequence length in the uplink pilot (or leading sequence) and / or reference signal of the first uplink information.

[0378] A reference signal (or uplink reference signal) is a predefined sequence or predefined high and low levels. The reference signal is used by the second node for positioning or channel estimation. In some embodiments, the uplink pilot (or preamble sequence) and / or reference signal for different uplink messages are the same. In some embodiments, different reference signals are used for different purposes.

[0379] In some embodiments, the uplink pilot sequence or reference signal is at least one of the following: a sequence of length 3, a sequence of length 5, a sequence of length 7, a sequence of length 11, a sequence of length 13, a sequence of length 16, a sequence of length 19, or a sequence of length 23. In some embodiments, the uplink pilot sequence or reference signal is at least one of the following: a sequence of length 3, a sequence of length 5, a sequence of length 7, or a sequence of length 11.

[0380] The sequence of length 3 is at least one of the following: [0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0].

[0381] The sequence of length 5 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,1,0], [0,1,0,0,0], [1,0,1,1,1], [1,1,1,0,1].

[0382] The sequence of length 7 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,1,1,0,1], [0,1,0,0,1,1,1], [1,0,1,1,0,0,0], [1,1,1,0,0,1,0].

[0383] The sequence of length 11 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1],[0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1],[1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],[1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0].

[0384] The sequence of length 13 is at least one of the following: [0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0],[0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0],[1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1],[1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1].

[0385] The sequence of length 16 is at least one of the following:

[0386] [0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0],

[0387] [0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0],

[0388] [0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1],

[0389] [0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1],

[0390] [0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1],

[0391] [0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0],

[0392] [1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1],

[0393] [1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0],

[0394] [1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0],

[0395] [1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0],

[0396] [1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1],

[0397] [1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1].

[0398] The sequence of length 19 is at least one of the following:

[0399] [0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1],

[0400] [0,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1],

[0401] [1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],

[0402] [1,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0].

[0403] The sequence of length 23 is at least one of the following:

[0404] [0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1],

[0405] [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1],

[0406] [1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0],

[0407] [1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0],

[0408] [0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1],

[0409] [0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1],

[0410] [0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1],

[0411] [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1],

[0412] [0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1],

[0413] [0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1],

[0414] [1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0],

[0415] [1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0],

[0416] [1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0],

[0417] [1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0],

[0418] [1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0],

[0419] [1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0].

[0420] The above sequence can also be used for line terminators, separators, etc.

[0421] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to the second node 102 in the communication system shown in Figure 1. Figure 17 shows a flow chart of another data transmission method. As shown in Figure 17, the data transmission method includes the following S1701.

[0422] In S1701 , the second node sends first downlink information to the first node.

[0423] The first downlink information is used to indicate communication parameters corresponding to the first node.

[0424] It can be understood that, for the second node to send the first downlink information to the first node, reference can be made to the description of the first node receiving the first downlink information, which will not be repeated herein in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0425] Figure 18 shows a flow chart of another data transmission method. In combination with Figure 17 , as shown in Figure 18 , after the second node sends the first downlink information to the first node, the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes S1801 and S1802 .

[0426] In S1801, the second node receives an uplink pilot signal sent by the first node.

[0427] The uplink pilot signal is sent by the first node based on the communication parameters.

[0428] In S1802 , the second node receives uplink data sent by the first node.

[0429] The uplink data is sent by the first node based on the communication parameters.

[0430] It can be understood that the content of S1801 and the content of S1802 can refer to S1601, and the embodiment of the present disclosure will not be repeated here.

[0431] It is understandable that, in order to implement the above functions, the communication device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. It should be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that, in conjunction with the algorithmic steps of the various examples described in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

[0432] The embodiments of the present disclosure can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above-mentioned method embodiments. For example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematic and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following is an example of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function.

[0433] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device can execute the data transmission method provided in the above method embodiment. As shown in FIG19 , the communication device includes: a receiving unit 1901.

[0434] The receiving unit 1901 is configured to receive first downlink information sent by the second node. The first downlink information is used to indicate communication parameters corresponding to the first node.

[0435] In one implementation, the communication device further includes: a sending unit 1902.

[0436] The sending unit 1902 is configured to send an uplink pilot to the second node based on the communication parameter, where the uplink pilot is one of a plurality of orthogonal sequences.

[0437] In one implementation, the sending unit 1902 is further configured to send uplink data to the second node based on the communication parameter, where the uplink data is sent via backscattering.

[0438] In one implementation, the communication parameters include at least one of the following: frame type, downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, transmission mode, device type, command type, spacer, terminator or reference symbol; the downlink transmission information includes at least one of the following: code rate information, repetition information, or transport block size (TBS) information, and the repetition information is used to indicate the number of repetitions and / or the repetition type.

[0439] In one implementation, the uplink transmission information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain offset information, TBS information, number of repetitions, code rate information, coding information, modulation information, reset indication information, uplink pilot information, bandwidth information, or frequency domain position information.

[0440] In one implementation, the reset indication information is used to indicate the initial state reset of the dual-phase space number coding (FM0) coding reference, or includes indication information of the initial state of the FM0 coding reference.

[0441] In one implementation, the frequency domain offset information is used to instruct the first node to determine a frequency domain offset for uplink transmission, where the frequency domain offset for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: a frequency domain offset randomly selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset; a frequency domain offset determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the device information of the first node; a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on a first value; or a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the first value and the device information of the first node. The first value is generated by the first node, indicated by the second node, or predefined.

[0442] In one implementation, the uplink pilot information is used to instruct the first node to determine an uplink pilot for uplink transmission. The uplink pilot for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: an uplink pilot randomly selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot; an uplink pilot determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on a second value; or an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the first value and the device information of the first node. The second value is generated by the first node, indicated by the second node, or predefined.

[0443] In one implementation, the reference symbol is used to indicate the length or amplitude of each symbol in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a high level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a low level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length of a high level and a low level in the first downlink information.

[0444] In one implementation, the position of the delimiter satisfies at least one of the following: between the downlink control information and the downlink data; between the preamble sequence and the downlink control information; or between the preamble sequence and the downlink data.

[0445] In one implementation, the terminator includes multiple types of terminators, and different terminators have different functions. The multiple types of terminators include a first terminator and / or a second terminator. The first terminator is used to indicate the end of one repetition, and the second terminator is used to indicate the end of multiple repetitions.

[0446] In one implementation, the first downlink information includes at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data. The preamble sequence is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; or the downlink control information is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; or the downlink data is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters.

[0447] In one implementation, the first downlink information may correspond to one or more types, such as a first type, a second type, and / or a third type, where the first downlink information of the first type includes a preamble sequence and downlink control information; or, the first downlink information of the second type includes a preamble sequence and downlink data; or, the first downlink information of the third type includes a preamble sequence, downlink control information, and downlink data.

[0448] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a spacer, and the position of the spacer satisfies at least one of the following: located between the downlink control information and the downlink data; located between the preamble sequence and the downlink control information; located before the preamble sequence; located at the starting position of the preamble sequence; located at the ending position of the preamble sequence; located at the starting position of the downlink control information; located at the ending position of the downlink control information; located at the starting position of the downlink data; located in the middle of the downlink data; or located between the preamble sequence and the downlink data.

[0449] In one implementation, the first downlink information includes one or more preamble sequences and downlink data, and at least one preamble sequence of the one or more preamble sequences is interspersed in the downlink data.

[0450] In one implementation, different types of preamble sequences carry different communication parameters, or different types of preamble sequences have different uses.

[0451] In one implementation, the downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, and command type in the communication parameters are carried in the downlink control information; or the reference symbols in the communication parameters are carried in the preamble sequence.

[0452] In one implementation, the command type in the communication parameter is carried in the downlink control information, and the length of the downlink control information is determined based on the command type.

[0453] In one implementation, when the length of bits carrying information in the downlink control information is less than a preset length, the downlink control information includes padding bits, which are bits that do not carry information in the downlink control information or are repeated bits in the downlink control information.

[0454] In one implementation, downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times, and the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times to meet one of the following conditions: the downlink control information is repeated multiple times in units of downlink control information, and the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of downlink data; the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of data segments or transport blocks; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of indicator fields; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of bits; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of bit groups, and the bit group includes multiple consecutive bits in the downlink control information or downlink data.

[0455] In one implementation, the terminator is used to indicate at least one of the following: the end of at least one of the communication parameters carried by the downlink control information, the end of one repeated downlink control information among multiple consecutive repeated downlink control information, the end of one repeated downlink data among multiple consecutive repeated downlink data, the end of multiple consecutive repeated downlink control information, the end of multiple consecutive repeated downlink data, the end of a leading sequence, or the end of downlink data.

[0456] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a terminator, and different types of terminators correspond to different types of downlink control information, or different types of terminators have different functions.

[0457] In one implementation, there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated first downlink information; or there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated downlink control information; or there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated downlink data.

[0458] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a spacer and an end character, and the spacer, end character or repetition interval is at least one of the following: a low level of a first time length, a high level of a first time length, a high level of a first preset time length and a low level of a second preset time length, a high level and a low level obtained by modulating or encoding a predefined bit sequence.

[0459] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a separator and an end marker, and the separator or the repetition interval is the end marker.

[0460] In one implementation, the communication parameter includes a separator, which is a preamble sequence.

[0461] In one implementation, the preamble sequence is at least one of the following: a preamble sequence determined by encoding preset information based on pulse width encoding (PIE); a preamble sequence determined by adding a high level of a third preset time length to a Barker code; a preamble sequence determined by adding a high level of a third preset time length to a Gray code; or a preamble sequence determined by encoding the preset information through a Manchester code and adding a high level.

[0462] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device can execute the data transmission method provided by the above method embodiment. As shown in FIG20 , the communication device includes: a sending unit 2001.

[0463] The sending unit 2001 is configured to send first downlink information to a first node, where the first downlink information is used to indicate communication parameters corresponding to the first node.

[0464] In one implementation, the communication parameters include at least one of the following: frame type, downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, transmission mode, device type, command type, spacer, terminator or reference symbol; the downlink transmission information includes at least one of the following: code rate information, repetition information, or transport block size (TBS) information, and the repetition information is used to indicate the number of repetitions and / or the repetition type.

[0465] In one implementation, the uplink transmission information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain offset information, TBS information, number of repetitions, code rate information, coding information, modulation information, reset indication information, uplink pilot information, bandwidth information, or frequency domain position information.

[0466] In one implementation, the reset indication information is used to indicate the initial state reset of the dual-phase space number coding (FM0) coding reference, or includes indication information of the initial state of the FM0 coding reference.

[0467] In one implementation, the frequency domain offset information is used to instruct the first node to determine a frequency domain offset for uplink transmission, where the frequency domain offset for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: a frequency domain offset randomly selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset; a frequency domain offset determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the device information of the first node; a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on a first value; or a frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the first value and the device information of the first node. The first value is generated by the first node, indicated by the second node, or predefined.

[0468] In one implementation, the uplink pilot information is used to instruct the first node to determine an uplink pilot for uplink transmission. The uplink pilot for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: an uplink pilot randomly selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot; an uplink pilot determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on a second value; or an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the first value and the device information of the first node. The second value is generated by the first node, indicated by the second node, or predefined.

[0469] In one implementation, the reference symbol is used to indicate the length or amplitude of each symbol in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a high level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a low level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length of a high level and a low level in the first downlink information.

[0470] In one implementation, the position of the delimiter satisfies at least one of the following: between the downlink control information and the downlink data; between the preamble sequence and the downlink control information; or between the preamble sequence and the downlink data.

[0471] In one implementation, the terminator includes multiple types of terminators, and different terminators have different functions. The multiple types of terminators include a first terminator and / or a second terminator. The first terminator is used to indicate the end of one repetition, and the second terminator is used to indicate the end of multiple repetitions.

[0472] In one implementation, the first downlink information includes at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data. The preamble sequence is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; or the downlink control information is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; or the downlink data is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters.

[0473] In one implementation, the first downlink information may correspond to one or more types, such as a first type, a second type, and / or a third type, where the first downlink information of the first type includes a preamble sequence and downlink control information; or, the first downlink information of the second type includes a preamble sequence and downlink data; or, the first downlink information of the third type includes a preamble sequence, downlink control information, and downlink data.

[0474] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a spacer, and the position of the spacer satisfies at least one of the following: located between the downlink control information and the downlink data; located between the preamble sequence and the downlink control information; located before the preamble sequence; located at the starting position of the preamble sequence; located at the ending position of the preamble sequence; located at the starting position of the downlink control information; located at the ending position of the downlink control information; located at the starting position of the downlink data; located in the middle of the downlink data; or located between the preamble sequence and the downlink data.

[0475] In one implementation, the first downlink information includes multiple preamble sequences and downlink data, and at least one preamble sequence among the multiple preamble sequences is interspersed in the downlink data.

[0476] In one implementation, different types of preamble sequences carry different communication parameters, or different types of preamble sequences have different uses.

[0477] In one implementation, the downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, and command type in the communication parameters are carried in the downlink control information; or the reference symbols in the communication parameters are carried in the preamble sequence.

[0478] In one implementation, the command type in the communication parameter is carried in the downlink control information, and the length of the downlink control information is determined based on the command type.

[0479] In one implementation, when the length of bits carrying information in the downlink control information is less than a preset length, the downlink control information includes padding bits, which are bits that do not carry information in the downlink control information or are repeated bits in the downlink control information.

[0480] In one implementation, downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times, and the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times to meet one of the following conditions: the downlink control information is repeated multiple times in units of downlink control information, and the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of downlink data; the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of data segments or transport blocks; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of indicator fields; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of bits; the downlink control information or downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of bit groups, and the bit group includes multiple consecutive bits in the downlink control information or downlink data.

[0481] In one implementation, the terminator is used to indicate at least one of the following: the end of at least one of the communication parameters carried by the downlink control information, the end of one repeated downlink control information among multiple consecutive repeated downlink control information, the end of one repeated downlink data among multiple consecutive repeated downlink data, the end of multiple consecutive repeated downlink control information, the end of multiple consecutive repeated downlink data, the end of a leading sequence, or the end of downlink data.

[0482] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a terminator, and different types of terminators correspond to different types of downlink control information, or different types of terminators have different functions.

[0483] In one implementation, there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated first downlink information; or there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated downlink control information; or there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated downlink data.

[0484] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a spacer and an end character, and the spacer, end character or repetition interval is at least one of the following: a low level of a first time length, a high level of a first time length, a high level of a first preset time length and a low level of a second preset time length, a high level and a low level obtained by modulating or encoding a predefined bit sequence.

[0485] In one implementation, the communication parameters include a separator and an end marker, and the separator or the repetition interval is the end marker.

[0486] In one implementation, the communication parameter includes a separator, which is a preamble sequence.

[0487] In one implementation, the preamble sequence is at least one of the following: a preamble sequence determined by encoding preset information based on pulse width encoding (PIE); a preamble sequence determined by adding a high level of a third preset time length to a Barker code; a preamble sequence determined by adding a high level of a third preset time length to a Gray code; or a preamble sequence determined by encoding the preset information through a Manchester code and adding a high level.

[0488] In the case of implementing the functions of the above-mentioned integrated modules in hardware, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide another structure of the communication device involved in the above-mentioned embodiments. As shown in Figure 21, the communication device 210 includes: a processor 2102 and a bus 2104. In some embodiments, the communication device may also include a memory 2101. In some embodiments, the communication device may also include a communication interface 2103.

[0489] The processor 2102 may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 2102 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof, and may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 2102 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP (digital signal processor) and a microprocessor, and the like.

[0490] The communication interface 2103 is used to connect to other devices via a communication network, such as Ethernet, wireless access network, or wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0491] The memory 2101 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0492] As an implementation, the memory 2101 may exist independently of the processor 2102. The memory 2101 may be connected to the processor 2102 via a bus 2104 and used to store instructions or program codes. When the processor 2102 calls and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 2101, the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0493] In another implementation, the memory 2101 may also be integrated with the processor 2102 .

[0494] Bus 2104 can be an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Bus 2104 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, FIG21 shows only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0495] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute the data transmission method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0496] Exemplarily, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical disks (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in the present disclosure may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0497] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product comprising instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the data transmission method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0498] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a data transmission solution in which a first node can receive first downlink information including communication parameters sent by a second node. Because the communication parameters are corresponding to the first node, the second node can perform communication operations based on the communication parameters. These communication parameters can assist the second node in encoding or decoding, and are suitable for less complex IoT devices.

[0499] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, applied to a first node, comprising: First downlink information sent by a second node is received, where the first downlink information is used to indicate communication parameters corresponding to the first node.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein After receiving the first downlink information sent by the second node, the method further includes: An uplink pilot is sent to the second node based on the communication parameter, where the uplink pilot is an orthogonal sequence among multiple orthogonal sequences.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein After receiving the first downlink information sent by the second node, the method further includes: Uplink data is sent to the second node based on the communication parameter, where the uplink data is sent through backscattering.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The communication parameters include at least one of the following: frame type, downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, transmission mode, device type, command type, spacer, terminator or reference symbol; the downlink transmission information includes at least one of the following: code rate information, repetition information, or transport block size TBS information; the repetition information is used to indicate the number of repetitions and / or repetition type.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The uplink transmission information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain offset information, TBS information, number of repetitions, code rate information, coding information, modulation information, reset indication information, uplink pilot information, bandwidth information, or frequency domain position information.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The reset indication information is used to indicate the initial state reset of the dual-phase space number code FM0 code reference, or contains indication information of the initial state of the FM0 code reference.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The frequency domain offset information is used to instruct the first node to determine a frequency domain offset for uplink transmission, where the frequency domain offset for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: A frequency domain offset randomly selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset; A frequency domain offset determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; A frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on device information of the first node; A frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the first value; A frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the first value and device information of the first node; The first value is generated by the first node, or indicated by the second node, or predefined.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein The uplink pilot information is used to instruct the first node to determine an uplink pilot for uplink transmission, where the uplink pilot for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: An uplink pilot randomly selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot; An uplink pilot signal determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; An uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the second value; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the second value and device information of the first node; The second value is generated by the first node, or indicated by the second node, or predefined.

9. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The reference symbol is used to indicate the length or amplitude of each symbol in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a high level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a low level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length of a high level and a low level in the first downlink information.

10. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The terminator includes multiple types of terminators, and different types of terminators have different functions. The multiple types of terminators include a first terminator and / or a second terminator, the first terminator is used to indicate the end of one repetition, and the second terminator is used to indicate the end of multiple repetitions.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first downlink information includes at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data; The preamble sequence is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; Or, the downlink control information is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; Alternatively, the downlink data is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein In a case where the type of the first downlink information includes a first type, the first downlink information of the first type includes a preamble sequence and downlink control information; Alternatively, when the type of the first downlink information includes a second type, the first downlink information of the second type includes a preamble sequence and downlink data; Alternatively, when the type of the first downlink information includes the third type, the first downlink information of the third type includes a preamble sequence, downlink control information, and downlink data.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein The communication parameter includes a separator, and the position of the separator satisfies at least one of the following: located between the downlink control information and the downlink data; Located between the preamble sequence and the downlink control information; located before the leader sequence; Located at the beginning of the leader sequence; Located at the end position of the leader sequence; Located at the beginning of the downlink control information; Located at the end position of the downlink control information; Located at the starting position of the downlink data; Located in the middle of the downlink data; Or located between the leading sequence and the downlink data.

14. The method according to claim 11, wherein The first downlink information includes one or more preamble sequences and the downlink data, and at least one preamble sequence of the one or more preamble sequences is interspersed in the downlink data.

15. The method according to claim 11, wherein The communication parameters carried by different types of preamble sequences are different, or the preamble sequences of different types have different uses.

16. The method according to claim 11, wherein The downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, and command type in the communication parameters are carried in the downlink control information; or the reference symbols in the communication parameters are carried in the preamble sequence.

17. The method according to claim 11, wherein The command type in the communication parameter is carried in the downlink control information, and the length of the downlink control information is determined based on the command type.

18. The method according to claim 11, wherein When the length of the bits carrying information in the downlink control information is less than a preset length, the downlink control information includes padding bits, where the padding bits are bits that do not carry information in the downlink control information or are repeated bits in the downlink control information.

19. The method according to claim 11, wherein The downlink control information or the downlink data is repeated multiple times, and the downlink control information or the downlink data is repeated multiple times and satisfies one of the following conditions: The downlink control information is repeated multiple times in units of downlink control information; The downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of the downlink data; The downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of data segments or transmission blocks; The downlink control information or the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of an indication field; The downlink control information or the downlink data is repeated multiple times in bit units; The downlink control information or the downlink data is repeated multiple times in units of bit groups, and the bit group includes multiple consecutive bits in the downlink control information or the downlink data.

20. The method according to claim 11, wherein The communication parameter includes a terminator, where the terminator is used to indicate at least one of the following: The end of at least one of the communication parameters carried by the downlink control information, the end of one of the multiple consecutive repetitions of the downlink control information, the end of one of the multiple consecutive repetitions of the downlink data, the end of multiple consecutive repetitions of the downlink control information, the end of multiple consecutive repetitions of the downlink data, the end of the preamble sequence, or the end of the downlink data.

21. The method according to claim 11, wherein The communication parameters include a terminator, and different types of terminators correspond to different types of downlink control information, or different types of terminators have different functions.

22. The method according to claim 11, wherein There is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated first downlink information; Alternatively, there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated downlink control information; Alternatively, there is a repetition interval between two adjacent repeated downlink data.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein The communication parameters include a spacer and an end character, and the spacer, the end character or the repetition interval is at least one of the following: a low level of a first time length, a high level of a first time length, a high level of a first preset time length and a low level of a second preset time length, a high level and a low level obtained by modulating or encoding a predefined bit sequence.

24. The method according to claim 22, wherein The communication parameters include a separator and an end symbol, and the preamble sequence or the separator or the repetition interval is the end symbol.

25. The method according to claim 11, wherein The leading sequence is at least one of the following: Encoding the preset information into a preamble sequence determined based on the pulse width encoding PIE; Adding a preamble sequence determined by a high level of a third preset time length to the Barker code; Adding a leading sequence determined by a high level of a third preset time length to the Gray code; The preset information is encoded by Manchester code and a high-level determined preamble sequence is added.

26. A data transmission method, wherein: Applied to the second node, including: First downlink information is sent to a first node, where the first downlink information is used to indicate a communication parameter corresponding to the first node.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein The communication parameters include at least one of the following: frame type, downlink transmission information, uplink transmission information, transmission mode, device type, command type, spacer, terminator or reference symbol; the downlink transmission information includes at least one of the following: code rate information, repetition information, or transport block size TBS information; the repetition information is used to indicate the number of repetitions and / or repetition type.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein The uplink transmission information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain offset information, TBS information, number of repetitions, code rate information, coding information, modulation information, reset indication information, uplink pilot information, bandwidth information, or frequency domain position information.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein The reset indication information is used to indicate the initial state reset of the dual-phase space number code FM0 code reference, or contains indication information of the initial state of the FM0 code reference.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein The frequency domain offset information is used to instruct the first node to determine a frequency domain offset for uplink transmission, where the frequency domain offset for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: A frequency domain offset randomly selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset; A frequency domain offset determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; A frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on device information of the first node; A frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the first value; A frequency domain offset selected by the first node from at least one frequency domain offset based on the first value and device information of the first node; The first value is generated by the first node, or indicated by the second node, or predefined.

31. The method according to claim 28, wherein The uplink pilot information is used to instruct the first node to determine an uplink pilot for uplink transmission, where the uplink pilot for uplink transmission is at least one of the following: An uplink pilot randomly selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot; An uplink pilot signal determined by the first node based on cell information or device information of the first node; An uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on device information of the first node; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the second value; an uplink pilot selected by the first node from at least one uplink pilot based on the second value and device information of the first node; The second value is generated by the first node, or indicated by the second node, or predefined.

32. The method of claim 27, wherein: The reference symbol is used to indicate the length or amplitude of each symbol in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a high level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length or amplitude of a low level in the first downlink information, or to indicate the length of a high level and a low level in the first downlink information.

33. The method of claim 27, wherein: The terminator includes multiple types of terminators, and different types of terminators have different functions. The multiple types of terminators include a first terminator and / or a second terminator, the first terminator is used to indicate the end of one repetition, and the second terminator is used to indicate the end of multiple repetitions.

34. The method of claim 26, wherein: The first downlink information includes at least one of the following: a preamble sequence, downlink control information, or downlink data; The preamble sequence is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; Or, the downlink control information is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters; Alternatively, the downlink data is used to carry at least one of the communication parameters.

35. A communication device comprising: A memory and a processor; wherein the memory is coupled to the processor; the memory is used to store instructions executable by the processor; when the processor executes the instructions, it performs the method according to any one of claims 1-25 or 26-34.

36. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-25 or 26-34.

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