Implants, systems and methods of using the same

Abstract

Implants, devices, systems and methods for replacing an articulation surface in a joint, for example, a femoral implant with a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, a first post extending away from an interior surface of the second portion, and a second post extending away from an interior surface of the third portion. The second portion being positioned between and coupled to the first portion and the third portion. Methods for implanting the femoral implant are also disclosed.

Description

IMPLANTS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF USING THE SAMECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 551,589, filed February 9, 2024 and entitled Implants, Systems and Methods of Using The Same, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates generally to general surgery, orthopedic implants used for replacing an articulation surface in a joint, such as knee prostheses. More specifically, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to femoral implants or unicompartmental knee implants, and systems for knee replacements and revisions, as well as methods for using the same.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty may be performed to replace a single femoral condyle. The femoral component is typically implanted with cement that is relied upon for fixation of the femoral component to bone. Alternatively, press fit components may be used, which do not utilize cement. However, many press fit components experience loosening after implantation. In addition, other press fit components may experience loosening due to the failure of initial fixation of the component into a patient’s bone. Therefore, a press fit unicompartmental knee arthroplasty component is needed that achieves solid fixation without the risk of micromotion or loosening after implantation.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Aspects of the present disclosure provide femoral implants for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The present invention also provides for methods for using the femoral implants.

[0005] In one aspect, provided herein is an implant that includes a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, wherein the second portion is positioned between and couples the first portion and the third portion, a first post extending away from an interior surface of the second portion, and a second post extending away from an interior surface of the third portion.

[0006] In another aspect, provided herein is a surgical method for inserting an implant. The method includes sliding a transition region of the implant along a prepared bone surfaceof a patient’s femur and inserting the implant without posterior contact when posts initially enter the patient’s femur. The method also includes contacting the prepared bone surface with the transition region once the posts are inserted into the patient’s femur and sliding the transition region into press fit with the patient’s femur as the posts are fully inserted into the patient’s femur. In addition, the method includes positioning the implant for the interior surfaces of the implant to be in full contact with the patient’s femur.

[0007] In yet another aspect, provided herein is a method of removing an implant. The method includes cutting posts of the implant and threading a pin into exposed openings in the posts. The method also includes using the pin to guide a punch over the posts and extracting the posts from a bone.

[0008] These, and other objects, features and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the various aspects of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the detailed description herein, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is emphasized that, in accordance with the standard practice in the industry, various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity of discussion. The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0010] FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of an embodiment of a femoral implant, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0011] FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0012] FIG. 3 is a first side view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0013] FIG. 4 is a second side view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0014] FIG. 5 is an interior view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0015] FIG. 6 is an exterior view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0016] FIG. 7 is a first end view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0017] FIG. 8 is a second end view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0018] FIG. 9 is first, cross-sectional view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1 taken along line 9—9 in FIG. 5, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0019] FIG. 10 is a second, cross-sectional view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1 taken along line 10—10 in FIG. 5, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0020] FIG. 11 is a first perspective view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1 with surface coating, in accordance with the present disclosure; and

[0021] FIG. 12 is a second perspective side view of the femoral implant of FIG. 1 with surface coating, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0022] Generally stated, disclosed herein are femoral implants for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Further, surgical methods for using the femoral implants are discussed.

[0023] In this detailed description and the following claims, the words proximal, distal, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, superior and inferior are defined by their standard usage for indicating a particular part of a bone or implant according to the relative disposition of the natural bone or directional terms of reference. For example, “proximal” means the portion of a device or implant nearest the torso, while “distal” indicates the portion of the device or implant farthest from the torso. As for directional terms, “anterior” is a direction towards the front side of the body, “posterior” means a direction towards the back side of the body, “medial” means towards the midline of the body, “lateral” is a direction towards the sides or away from the midline of the body, “superior” means a direction above and “inferior” means a direction below another object or structure.

[0024] Similarly, positions or directions may be used herein with reference to anatomical structures or surfaces. For example, as the current implants, devices, systems and methods are described herein with reference to use with the bones of the knee, the bones of the knee and leg may be used to describe the surfaces, positions, directions or orientations of the implants, devices, systems and methods. Further, the implants, devices, systems and methods, and the aspects, components, features and the like thereof, disclosed herein are described with respect to one side of the body for brevity purposes. However, as the humanbody is relatively symmetrical or mirrored about a line of symmetry (midline), it is hereby expressly contemplated that the implants, devices, systems and methods, and the aspects, components, features and the like thereof, described and / or illustrated herein may be changed, varied, modified, reconfigured or otherwise altered for use or association with another side of the body for a same or similar purpose without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the implants, devices, systems and methods, and the aspects, components, features and the like thereof, described herein with respect to the right knee may be mirrored so that they likewise function with the left knee and vice versa. Further, the implants, devices, systems and methods, and the aspects, components, features and the like thereof, disclosed herein are described with respect to the knee for brevity purposes, but it should be understood that the implants, devices, systems and methods may be used with other bones of the body having similar structures, for example the upper extremity, and more specifically, with the bones of the shoulder, elbow, and arm.

[0025] Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to indicate like or analogous components throughout the several views, and with particular reference to FIGS. 1-12, there is illustrated an embodiment of a femoral implant 100. The femoral implant 100 includes a first end 102, a second end 104 opposite the first end 102, a first side 106, and a second side 108 opposite the first side 106. The femoral implant 100 may also include an interior surface and an exterior surface. The implant 100 also includes a first portion 110 extending from the first end 102 towards the second end 104, a second portion 130 coupled to and extending from the first portion 110 toward the second end 104, and a third portion 170 coupled to and extending from the second portion 130 to the second end 104. The first portion 110, second portion 130, and third portion 170 of the implant 100 form, for example, a generally U-shaped implant. The first portion 110 may have a first width extending between the first side 106 and the second side 108. The second portion 130 may have a second width extending between the first side 106 and the second side 108. The third portion 170 may have a third width extending between the first side 106 and the second side 108 which may vary between the second portion 130 and the second end 104. The first width and the second width may be, for example, the same width. The third width may be, for example, the same width as the first width and second width where the third portion 170 couples to the second portion 130 and may decrease in size between the second portion 130 and the second end 104.

[0026] With continued reference to FIGS. 1-12, the first portion or posterior flange 110 includes an exterior surface 112 and an interior surface 114 generally opposite the exterior surface 112. The exterior surface 112 may be, for example, curved or rounded. The interiorsurface 114 may include a porous coating or texture 116 along at least a portion of the interior surface 114. The texture 116 may be, for example, a mesh or coating to assist with biologic fixation. The interior surface 114 may also include a protrusion 118 extending from the first portion 110 at the first end 102, as shown in at least FIGS. 1, 11 and 12. The protrusion 118 provides, for example, a ledge or shelf to provide support for the texture 116. The interior surface 114 also includes a recess 120 inset into the first portion 110 below the interior most surface of the protrusion 118. The recess 120 may receive the texture 116. The protrusion 118 may be, for example, a solid metal transition region. The protrusion 118 assists with promoting compression and sliding during insertion of the implant 100. The position where the recess 120 engages the protrusion 118 creates a relief angle. The relief angle and depth allows for enough relief to transition from the press-fit region to the implant surface or interior surface 114.

[0027] The second portion 130 also includes an exterior surface 132 and an interior surface 134 generally opposite the exterior surface 132. The exterior surface 132 may be, for example, curved or rounded. The interior surface 134 may be, for example, angled relative to the interior surface 114 of the first portion 110. The interior surface 134 may include a porous coating or texture 136, for example, across the entire interior surface 134. The texture 136 may be formed in, for example, a recess 138 inset into the second portion 130 of the interior surface 134. The texture 136 may be, for example, a mesh or coating to assist with biologic fixation. The second portion 130 may also include a first groove 140 and a second groove 142 inset into the interior surface 134. The first groove 140 may be, for example, inset into the interior surface 134 on a second side 108. The second groove 142 may be, for example, inset into the interior surface 134 on a first side 106. The first and second grooves 140, 142 may be positioned closer to the third portion 170 than the first portion 110. The grooves 140, 142 may have, for example, a rectangular shape with may include rounded comers. The grooves 140, 142 may be positioned, for example, directly opposite each other. In addition, the grooves 140, 142 may be positioned adjacent to a first post 150.

[0028] The second portion 130 also includes a first post 150 extending away from the interior surface 134. The first post 150 may be, for example, positioned near the third portion 170. In addition, the first post 150 may be, for example, positioned near a midpoint between the first side 106 and the second side 108 of the implant 100. The first post 150 includes a stem 152 coupled to and extending from the interior surface 134 and a head 154 extending away from a second end of the stem 152. The head 154 may be, for example, tapered or angled from the stem 152 to the second end of the first post 150. The first post 150 may also include an opening 156 extending into the head 154 and at least a portion of the stem 152, asshown in FIG. 10. The opening 156 may include a threaded portion 158 extending along at least a portion of the opening 156. The threaded portion 158 may be positioned, for example, within the head 154. The first post 150 may also include at least one fin 160 extending away from an exterior surface of the first post 150. The at least one fin 160 extends from a portion of the head 154 down to the interior surface 134 of the second portion 130. The at least one fin 160 may be, for example, angled or tapered from the first end of the at least one fin 160 toward the interior surface 134 of the second portion 130. The angled or tapered portion of the at least one fin 160 may be, for example, a leading edge that encourages penetration of the fin 160 into bone. In addition, the at least one fin 160 may include, for example, fenestrations that are barbed in shaped to allow for easy insertion of the at least one fin 160 into a patient, while also providing resistance to extraction. The at least one fin 160 may also include a plurality of serrations 162 along the length of the at least one fin 160. The plurality of serrations 162 may extend, for example, from the tapered or angled portion of the at least one fin 160 to the interior surface along the entire length or only a portion of the length. The at least one fin 160 may be, for example, three fins 160 positioned around the circumference of the stem 152. The at least one fin 160 may help improve resistance to pull-out. In an alternative embodiment, the at least one fins 160 may be tapered along the axis of the respective post 150 to increase press as a function of the insertion depth.

[0029] With continued reference to FIGS. 1-12, the third portion 170 may include an exterior surface 172 and an interior surface 174 generally opposite the exterior surface 172. The exterior surface 172 may be, for example, curved or rounded. The interior surface 174 may be, for example, angled relative to the interior surface 134 of the second portion 130. The interior surface 172 may include a porous coating or texture 176, for example, across the entire interior surface 174. The texture 176 may be, for example, a mesh or coating to assist with biologic fixation. The third portion 170 may in some embodiments include a groove 178 inset into the edge of the interior surface 174. The groove 178 may extend from the second portion 130 on the second side 108 to the second end 104 of the implant 100 and then to a portion of the first side 106. In addition, the texture 176 may be formed or received in, for example, the groove 178 inset into the third portion 170 of the interior surface 174. The third portion 170 may have, for example, a first curvature on the first side 106 and a second curvature on the second side 108. The first curvature may be, for example, smaller than the second curvature, as shown in FIGS. 5-6.

[0030] The third portion 170 also includes a second post 190 extending away from the interior surface 174. The second post 190 may be, for example, positioned between the second portion 130 and the second end 104. In addition, the second post 190 may be, forexample, positioned near a midpoint between the first side 106 and the second side 108 of the third portion 170 of the implant 100. The first post 150 may be, for example, offset from the second post 190 along the longitudinal axis of the implant 100 extending between the first end 102 and the second end 104. The second post 190 includes a stem 192 coupled to and extending from the interior surface 174 and a head 194 extending away from a second end of the stem 192. The head 194 may be, for example, tapered or angled from the stem 192 to the second end of the second post 190. The second post 190 may also include an opening 196 extending into the head 194 and at least a portion of the stem 192, as shown in FIG. 9. The opening 196 may include a threaded portion 198 extending along at least a portion of the opening 196. The threaded portion 198 may be positioned, for example, within the head 194. The second post 190 may also include at least one fin 200 extending away from an exterior surface of the second post 190. The at least one fin 200 extends from a portion of the head 194 down to the interior surface 174 of the third portion 170. The at least one fin 200 may be, for example, angled or tapered from the first end of the at least one fin 200 toward the interior surface 174 of the third portion 170. The angled or tapered portion of the at least one fin 190 may be, for example, a leading edge that encourages penetration of the fin 190 into bone. In addition, the at least one fin 190 may include, for example, fenestrations that are barbed in shaped to allow for easy insertion of the at least one fin 190 into a patient, while also providing resistance to extraction. The at least one fin 200 may also include a plurality of serrations 202 along the length of the at least one fin 200. The plurality of serrations 202 may extend, for example, from the tapered or angled portion of the at least one fin 200 to the interior surface along the entire length or only a portion of the length. The at least one fin 200 may be, for example, three fins 200 positioned around the circumference of the stem 192. The at least one fin 200 may help improve resistance to pull-out. In an alternative embodiment, the at least one fin 200 may be tapered along the axis of the respective post 190 to increase press as a function of the insertion depth.

[0031] Referring now to FIGS. 3-4, the implant 100 may include an angle a between the interior surface 114 of the first portion 110 and the central portion of the first post 150. The angle a may be, for example, approximately 6 degrees. The angle a may be a locking taper angle for providing additional resistance to loosening. The interior surface 114 of the first portion 110 may oppose the surfaces of the first and second posts 150, 190. Wedging surfaces are created between the interior surface 114 and the first and second posts 150, 190. When implanted the first portion 110 and the posts 150, 190 create a pinching force or pinch effect to secure the implant 100 to the patient. The implant 100 wraps around the femoral condyle nearly 180 degrees to create the pinch effect to prevent micromotion and / orloosening. The surface area of the interior surface 114 of the first portion 110 and the combined surface area of the fins 160, 200 of the posts 150, 190 may have, for example, an approximately 1 : 1 ratio. As the size of the implants 100 increases, the surface area of the fins 160, 200 of the posts 150, 190 may also increase. The increasing surface area based on the implant size may be done, for example, to maintain the approximately 1 : 1 ratio.

[0032] In an embodiment, the implants 100 may have, for example, post lengths between 16 mm and 23 mm for implant sizes 1 to 8, respectively. The posts 150, 190 may have, for example, the same or different locations among the different sizes of implants 100. For example, in one embodiment, implant sizes 1-3 may have the same post locations. Further, the implant sizes 4-8 may have, for example, the same posts locations, however, the post locations for implant sizes 4-8 may be different than the post locations for implant sizes 1-3. Alternative groupings of implant sizes are also contemplated, as well as each implant having the same posterior post 150 position and different anterior post 190 positions. Each implant size 1-8 may have the same location for the posterior post 150, while the position of the anterior post 190 may be different for the different implant sizes. With some implant sizes sharing post locations, the surgeon is able to downsize the femur by recutting the posterior condyle. By having the post 150 in the same location for all sizes, the surgeon may avoid additional redrilling which will avoid additional bone being sacrificed and allow for down sizing for any size femur.

[0033] The implant 100 may be constructed of, for example, a biologically compatible alloy, such as, a titanium alloy. The titanium alloy may be Ti-6A1-4V. The alloy provides for biologic compatibility and osseous ingrowth potential. The modulus of elasticity of the titanium alloy is close to human bone, which may improve stress shielding. The texture, porous coating, or hardened surface coating 116, 136, 176 of the implant 100 may be, for example, titanium nitride, titanium niobium nitride, diamond-like coatings, or the like. The texture 116, 136, 176 may be selected to, for example, improve wear characteristics. Further, the texture 116, 136, 176 may be formed by additive manufacturing to generate a structure that is optimized for biologic fixation. The exterior surfaces of the posts 150, 190 may also include a texture extending from the interior surfaces 134, 174 to a portion of the head 154, 194, as shown in FIGS. 11-12. The textured surface of the posts 150, 190 may be formed using additive manufacturing to cover the posts 150, 190 with a porous structure to facilitate long term ingrowth. The at least one fins 160, 200 and tips of the heads 154, 194 may be, for example, solid metal. Alternatively, the at least one fins 160, 200 and the tips of the heads 154, 194 may be, for example, additive CoCr. The additive CoCr may be, for example, printed with a lattice. Further, the porous surface of the at least one fins 160, 200 and the tipsof the heads 154, 194 may be, for example, coated with biocompatible material, such as, hedroxyapetite (HA) or the like.

[0034] A surgical method for implanting the implant 100 includes utilizing the same preparation for a cement device for the cementless device. Thus, if the articular surfaces of the cement and cementless devices are identical, then the surgeon has interoperative flexibility to implant either a cement device or cementless device. The method may include sliding the transition region 118 along a bone surface so that the implant 100 can compress the bone, during insertion into a patient. The texture 116 also allows for an amount of press- fit on the interior surface 114 of the implant 100 during insertion. While inserting the implant 100, there is no posterior contact when the posts 150, 190 initially enter the patient’s femur. When the posts 150, 190 are inserted at least halfway into the femur, the protrusion 118 makes first contact with the posterior surface of the bone. Next, as the posts 150, 190 become fully inserted into the bone, the transition region slides and eases into press fit with the femur. The porous portion slides and presses against the bone to press-fit the implant 100 into the femur. Finally, the implant 100 is fully inserted into the femur when the interior surfaces 114, 134, 174 fully contact the femur.

[0035] If a revision surgery is necessary, then the hollow posts 150, 190 with threaded portions 158, 198 can be used for extraction. The surgeon may cut off the posts 150, 190. Then, a pin is threaded into the exposed post openings 156, 196. Next, the surgeon uses the pin as a guide for the punch or cannulated trephine. Once the punch frees the posts 150, 190, the posts 150, 190 can be pulled out of or extracted from the patient’s femur. The posts 150, 190 can be pulled out by pulling on the pins that are threaded into the posts 150, 190.

[0036] As may be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the teachings herein, numerous changes and modifications may be made to the above-described and other embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the disclosure. The components of the implants, devices, and / or systems as disclosed in the specification, including the accompanying abstract and drawings, may be replaced by alternative component(s) or feature(s), such as those disclosed in another embodiment, which serve the same, equivalent or similar purpose as known by those skilled in the art to achieve the same, equivalent or similar results by such alternative component(s) or feature(s) to provide a similar function for the intended purpose. In addition, the implants, devices, and / or systems may include more or fewer components or features than the embodiments as described and illustrated herein. Accordingly, this detailed description of the currently-preferred embodiments is to be taken in an illustrative, as opposed to limiting of the disclosure.

[0037] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprise” (and any form of comprise, such as “comprises” and “comprising”), “have” (and any form of have, such as “has”, and “having”), “include” (and any form of include, such as “includes” and “including”), and “contain” (and any form of contain, such as “contains” and “containing”) are open-ended linking verbs. As a result, a method or device that “comprises,” “has,” “includes,” or “contains” one or more steps or elements possesses those one or more steps or elements, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more steps or elements. Likewise, a step of a method or an element of a device that “comprises,” “has,” “includes,” or “contains” one or more features possesses those one or more features, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more features. Furthermore, a device or structure that is configured in a certain way is configured in at least that way, but may also be configured in ways that are not listed.

[0038] The invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. It will be understood that the operational embodiments described herein are exemplary of a plurality of possible arrangements to provide the same general features, characteristics, and general system operation. Modifications and alterations will occur to others upon a reading and understanding of the preceding detailed description. It is intended that the invention be construed as including all such modifications and alterations.

Claims

CLAIMSHaving thus described the preferred embodiments, the invention is now claimed to be:

1. An implant, comprising: a first portion; a second portion; a third portion, wherein the second portion is positioned between and couples the first portion and the third portion; a first post extending away from an interior surface of the second portion; and a second post extending away from an interior surface of the third portion.

2. The implant of claim 1, wherein the first portion extends from a first end of the second portion at a first angle, wherein the third portion extends from a second end of the second portion at a second angle, and wherein the first angle is smaller than the second angle.

3. The implant of claim 1, wherein the first post is offset from the second post between a first side and a second side of the implant.

4. The implant of claim 1, wherein the first post is angled relative to the first portion.

5. The implant of claim 4, wherein the angle is approximately 6 degrees between an interior surface of the first portion and a central axis of the first post.

6. The implant of claim 1, wherein the first portion comprises: an exterior surface; and an interior surface.

7. The implant of claim 6, wherein the interior surface of the first portion comprises: a protrusion extending away from a first end of the implant; and a recess inset into the interior surface of the first portion and extending between the protrusion and the second portion.

8. The implant of claim 7, wherein the protrusion extends away from the interior surface of the first portion and beyond the recess.

9. The implant of claim 7, wherein the recess is filled with a porous coating.

10. The implant of claim 1, wherein the second portion comprises: an exterior surface; and the interior surface, wherein a porous coating is coupled to and extends from the interior surface of the second portion.

11. The implant of claim 10, wherein the second portion further comprises: a first groove extending into a first side of the interior surface of the second portion; and a second groove extending into a second side of the interior surface of the second portion.

12. The implant of claim 1, wherein the first post comprises: a stem; and a head coupled to and extending from the stem; and13. The implant of claim 12, wherein the first post further comprises: an opening extending into the head and at least a portion of the stem, wherein the opening extends into the head from a first end of the post.

14. The implant of claim 12, wherein the first post further comprises: at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the first post; and a threaded portion positioned in at least a portion of the opening of the first post.

15. The implant of claim 14, wherein the at least one fin comprises: a plurality of serrations extending along at least a portion of a length of the at least one fin of the first post.

16. The implant of claim 14, wherein the at least one fin of the first post is three fins.

17. The implant of claim 1, wherein the third portion comprises: an exterior surface; and the interior surface having a groove extending into a portion of the interior surface.

18. The implant of claim 17, wherein the third portion further comprises: a porous coating received within the groove.

19. The implant of claim 18, wherein the second post comprises: a stem; a head coupled to and extending from the stem; and20. The implant of claim 19, wherein the second post further comprises: an opening extending into the head and at least a portion of the stem, wherein the opening extends into the head from a first end of the post.

21. The implant of claim 19, wherein the second post further comprises: at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the second post; and a threaded portion positioned in at least a portion of the opening of the second post.

22. The implant of claim 21, wherein the at least one fin comprises: a plurality of serrations extending along at least a portion of a length of the at least one fin of the second post.

23. The implant of claim 22, wherein the at least one fin of the second post is three fins.

24. The implant of claim 1, wherein the first post further comprises: at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the first post; and wherein the second post further comprises: at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the second post; andwherein a combined surface area of the at least one fin of the first post and the at least one fin of the second post has the same surface area as an interior surface of the first portion.

25. A method of inserting an implant, comprising: sliding a transition region of the implant along a prepared bone surface of a patient’s femur; inserting the implant without posterior contact when posts initially enter the patient’s femur; contacting the prepared bone surface with the transition region once the posts are inserted into the patient’s femur; sliding the transition region into press fit with the patient’s femur as the posts are fully inserted into the patient’s femur; and positioning the implant for the interior surfaces of the implant to be in full contact with the patient’s femur.

26. A method of removing an implant, comprising: cutting posts of the implant; guiding a punch over the posts; and extracting the posts from a bone.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: inserting a pin into exposed openings in the posts; and using the pin to guide the punch over the posts.

28. A method of removing an implant, comprising: cutting posts of the implant; using guided instrumentation to free the post from a bone; and extracting the posts from the bone.

29. An implant, comprising: a first portion; a second portion; a third portion, wherein the second portion is positioned between and couples the first portion and the third portion;a first post extending away from an interior surface of the second portion; and a second post extending away from an interior surface of the third portion.

30. The implant of claim 29, wherein the first portion extends from a first end of the second portion at a first angle, wherein the third portion extends from a second end of the second portion at a second angle, and wherein the first angle is smaller than the second angle.

31. The implant of any one of claims 29-30, wherein the first post is offset from the second post between a first side and a second side of the implant.

32. The implant of any one of claims 29-31, wherein the first post is angled relative to the first portion.

33. The implant of any one of claims 29-32, wherein the angle is approximately 6 degrees between an interior surface of the first portion and a central axis of the first post.

34. The implant of any one of claims 29-33, wherein the first portion comprises: an exterior surface; and an interior surface.

35. The implant of any one of claims 29-34, wherein the interior surface of the first portion comprises: a protrusion extending away from a first end of the implant; and a recess inset into the interior surface of the first portion and extending between the protrusion and the second portion.

36. The implant of any one of claims 29-35, wherein the protrusion extends away from the interior surface of the first portion and beyond the recess.

37. The implant of any one of claims 29-36, wherein the recess is filled with a porous coating.

38. The implant of any one of claims 29-37, wherein the second portion comprises: an exterior surface; andthe interior surface, wherein a porous coating is coupled to and extends from the interior surface of the second portion.

39. The implant of any one of claims 29-38, wherein the second portion further comprises: a first groove extending into a first side of the interior surface of the second portion; and a second groove extending into a second side of the interior surface of the second portion.

40. The implant of any one of claims 29-39, wherein the first post comprises: a stem; and a head coupled to and extending from the stem.

41. The implant of any one of claims 29-40, wherein the first post further comprises: an opening extending into the head and at least a portion of the stem, wherein the opening extends into the head from a first end of the post.

42. The implant of any one of claims 29-41, wherein the first post further comprises: at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the first post; and a threaded portion positioned in at least a portion of the opening of the first post.

43. The implant of any one of claims 29-42, wherein the at least one fin comprises: a plurality of serrations extending along at least a portion of a length of the at least one fin of the first post.

44. The implant of any one of claims 29-43, wherein the at least one fin of the first post is three fins.

45. The implant of any one of claims 29-44, wherein the third portion comprises: an exterior surface; andthe interior surface having a groove extending into a portion of the interior surface.

46. The implant of any one of claims 29-45, wherein the third portion further comprises: a porous coating received within the groove.

47. The implant of any one of claims 29-46, wherein the second post comprises: a stem; and a head coupled to and extending from the stem.

48. The implant of any one of claims 29-47, wherein the second post further comprises: an opening extending into the head and at least a portion of the stem, wherein the opening extends into the head from a first end of the post.

49. The implant of any one of claims 29-48, wherein the second post further comprises: at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the second post; and a threaded portion positioned in at least a portion of the opening of the second post.

50. The implant of any one of claims 29-49, wherein the at least one fin comprises: a plurality of serrations extending along at least a portion of a length of the at least one fin of the second post.

51. The implant of any one of claims 29-50, wherein the at least one fin of the second post is three fins.

52. The implant of any one of claims 29-51, wherein the first post further comprises: at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the first post; and wherein the second post further comprises:at least one fin extending away from an exterior surface of the second post; and wherein a combined surface area of the at least one fin of the first post and the at least one fin of the second post has the same surface area as an interior surface of the first portion.

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