Non-terrestrial network control unit-array interface for mobile communications
A system in a UE calculates directional angles and power gains using ephemeris data and orientation/position information to align beamforming circuits with satellites, overcoming the lack of Ku-band support in 5G New Radio for NTN control unit-array interfaces.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/078397
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-02-23
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-28
AI Technical Summary
The 3GPP standard for 5G New Radio does not support the Ku-band, necessitating a solution for an NTN control unit-array interface in mobile communications.
Implementing a system in a UE that utilizes satellite-provided ephemeris data and UE orientation/position information to calculate a directional angle and power gain for beamforming, adjusting the phase and gain of a beamforming circuit to align with a satellite, thereby enabling reliable communication.
Enables reliable satellite signal reception and communication by aligning the beamforming circuit output with the satellite direction, addressing the lack of Ku-band support in 5G New Radio.
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Figure CN2025078397_28082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORK CONTROL UNIT-ARRAY INTERFACE FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONSCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION (S)
[0001] The present disclosure claims the priority benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 556,901, filed 23 February 2024, the content of which herein being incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure is generally related to mobile communications and, more particularly, to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) control unit-array interface for mobile communications.BACKGROUND
[0003] In wireless communications such as mobile communications under the current 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specification, the Ku-band is considered as the mainstream satellite spectrum and future 6th Generation (6G) candidate spectrum. There could be 100MHz ~500MHz bandwidth available for each operator / mobile communications service provider. However, at the time of the present disclosure, the 3GPP standard for the 5th Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) does not yet support the Ku-band. Correspondingly, designs of an NTN control unit-to-array interface have not been specified. Therefore, there is a need for a solution of an NTN control unit-array interface for mobile communications.SUMMARY
[0004] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce concepts, highlights, benefits, and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Select implementations are further described below in the detailed description. Thus, the following summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0005] An objective of the present disclosure is to propose solutions or schemes that address the issue (s) described herein. More specifically, various schemes proposed in the present disclosure are believed to provide solutions pertaining to an NTN control unit-array interface for mobile communications. It is believed that implementations of one or more of the schemes proposed herein may address or otherwise alleviate the issues described above.
[0006] It is noteworthy that, although the description provided herein may be in the context of certain radio access technologies, networks, and network topologies such as 5th Generation (5G) / New Radio (NR) / Beyond Fifth-Generation (B5G) mobile communications, the proposed concepts, schemes and any variation (s) / derivative (s) thereof may be implemented in, for and by other types of radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as, for example and without limitation, 4th Generation (4G) / Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, Internet-of-Things (IoT) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) , vehicle-to-everything (V2X) , and non-terrestrial network (NTN) communications. Thus, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The drawings illustrate implementations of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is appreciable that the drawings are not necessarily in scale as some components may be shown to be out of proportion than the size in actual implementation in order to clearly illustrate the concept of the present disclosure.
[0008] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example network environment in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented.
[0009] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example architecture under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0010] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example architecture under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example architecture under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an example architecture under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an example communication system under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED IMPLEMENTATIONS
[0015] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subject matters are disclosed herein. However, it shall be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrative of the claimed subject matters which may be embodied in various forms. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that description of the present disclosure is thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description below, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments and implementations. Overview
[0016] Implementations in accordance with the present disclosure relate to various techniques, methods, schemes and / or solutions pertaining to an NTN control unit-array interface for mobile communications. According to the present disclosure, a number of possible solutions may be implemented separately or jointly. That is, although these possible solutions may be described below separately, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or another.
[0017] FIG. 1 illustrates an example network environment 100 in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented. FIG. 2 ~ FIG. 7 illustrate examples of implementation of various proposed schemes in network environment 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The following description of various proposed schemes is provided with reference to FIG. 1 ~ FIG. 7.
[0018] FIG. 1 illustrates an example network environment 100 in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented. Referring to FIG. 1, network environment 100 may involve a UE 110 in wireless communication with a network 120 (e.g., a mobile network including a non-terrestrial network (NTN) and / or a terrestrial network (TN) ) via a terrestrial network node 125 (e.g., gNB, eNB, transmit-and-receive point (TRP) ) and / or a non-terrestrial network node 128 (e.g., satellite) . In some implementations, UE 110 may be a mobile communication device, an IoT device such as a narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) UE or an enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UE. In network environment 100, UE 110, network 120, terrestrial network node 125 and non-terrestrial network node 128 may implement various schemes pertaining to an NTN control unit-array interface for mobile communications in accordance with the present disclosure, as described below. It is noteworthy that, while the various proposed schemes may be individually or separately described below, in actual implementations some or all of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented jointly. Of course, each of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented individually or separately.
[0019] Under various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure, a system implementable in a UE (e.g., UE 110) may utilize satellite-provided ephemeris data (e.g., System Information Block #19 (SIB19) ) and UE 110’s orientation and / or position information to calculate UE 110’s orientation toward the satellite (e.g., network node 128) . Through software and / or hardware control, a calculated directional angle may be used to set a phase and a gain of a beamforming circuit (e.g., integrated circuit (IC) ) on an array board.
[0020] FIG. 2 illustrates an example architecture 200 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. In example architecture 200, a circuit may be configured to perform functions as both a modem and an array controller. The circuit may be included in a single chip. The circuit may be implementable in a UE. Referring to FIG. 2, in a system implementing example architecture 200, the array controller may receive ephemeris data from a satellite (e.g., network node 128) and orientation / UE position information from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor and / or a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) unit on an array board (as denoted by (1) in FIG. 2) . In some implementations, the ephemeris data may be received by the modem and passed to the array controller. In some implementations, the ephemeris data may be received and decoded by the modem and passed to the array controller. Using the received information, the array controller (which may include or otherwise be implemented in the form of a micro controller unit (MCU) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA) may calculate a directional angle and a power gain toward the satellite for the UE’s location (as denoted by (2) in FIG. 2) . The array controller may configure the setting of the directional angle to adjust the phase and power gain of a beamforming circuit on the array board (as denoted by (3) in FIG. 2) . Once set, the beamforming circuit may adjust an output of an array antenna to align with the satellite’s direction, thereby enabling reliable communication and / or reception of satellite signals.
[0021] FIG. 3 illustrates an example architecture 300 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. In example architecture 300, a circuit may be configured to perform functions as both a modem and an array controller. The circuit may be included in a single chip. Under the proposed scheme, information / data exchange between the modem and the MCU / FPGA of the array controller may involve a number of scenarios and may be implemented or otherwise consummated with the example architecture 300.
[0022] In a first scenario (Scenario 1) , SIB19 information may be passed from the modem of the circuit to the array controller of the circuit. That is, post SIB19 processing, the modem may relay processed information to the MCU or FPGA of the array controller. For instance, the modem may receive SIB19 from the satellite and decode the SIB19 to provide satellite Earth-centered, Earth-fixed (ECEF) information to the array controller. Upon receiving the satellite ECEF information from the modem and receiving orientation and / or UE’s ECEF information from the IMU sensor and / or GNSS unit, the array controller may calculate or otherwise determine the angle and power gain toward the satellite.
[0023] In a second scenario (Scenario 2) , the modem may decode SIB19 received from the satellite and provide satellite ECEF information to the array controller. This may achieve the angle / power gain toward the satellite based on the satellite ECEF information from the modem as well as orientation / UE’s ECEF information from the IMU sensor and / or GNSS unit connected to the array board.
[0024] In a third scenario (Scenario 3) , the modem may decode SIB19 received from the satellite and provide satellite / UE east-north-up (ENU) information. This may achieve the angle / power gain toward satellite based on the satellite ENU information as well as orientation / UE’s ENU information from the IMU sensor and / or GNSS unit connected to the modem.
[0025] Under the proposed scheme, information / data exchange between the MCU / FPGA of the array controller and the beamforming circuit on an array board may involve the array controller providing gain / phase setting per-antenna element to the beamforming circuit, which may in turn drive a plurality of antenna elements based on the gain / phase setting. In some implementations, the array board and the circuit may be included in the same UE. In some implementations, the array board may be external to the UE which includes the circuit.
[0026] FIG. 4 illustrates an example architecture 400 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 4, example architecture 400 may include a control unit. The control unit may include a modem and an array controller integrated in a single chip with the modem and the array controller coupled to each other via a first interface. The array controller may include or otherwise implemented in the form of an MCU or FPGA. Example architecture 400 may also include an array unit coupled to the control unit via a second interface. Under the proposed scheme, a complexity of the first interface and a complexity of the second interface may be different. In some implementations, the first interface may include a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) , and the second interface may include a serial peripheral interface (SPI) .
[0027] FIG. 5 illustrates an example architecture 500 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 5, example architecture 500 may include an array board, a control unit, and a converter. The control unit may include a modem and an array controller (which may include or otherwise implemented in the form of an MCU or FPGA) . The converter may be coupled between the control unit and the array board. More specifically, the converter may be coupled with the control unit via a first interface, and the converter may be coupled with the array board via a second interface. Moreover, a complexity of the first interface and a complexity of the second interface may be different. In some implementations, the first interface may include an MIPI, and the second interface may include an SPI. Illustrative Implementations
[0028] FIG. 6 illustrates an example communication system 600 having at least an example apparatus 610 and an example apparatus 620 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may perform various functions to implement schemes, techniques, processes and methods described herein pertaining to an NTN control unit-array interface for mobile communications, including the various schemes described above with respect to various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above, including network environment 100, as well as processes described below.
[0029] Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be a part of an electronic apparatus, which may be a network apparatus or a UE (e.g., UE 110) , such as a portable or mobile apparatus, a wearable apparatus, a vehicular device or a vehicle, a wireless communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in a smartphone, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant, an electronic control unit (ECU) in a vehicle, a digital camera, or a computing equipment such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer or a notebook computer. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may also be a part of a machine type apparatus, which may be an IoT apparatus such as an immobile or a stationary apparatus, a home apparatus, a roadside unit (RSU) , a wire communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart fridge, a smart door lock, a wireless speaker or a home control center. When implemented in or as a network apparatus, apparatus 610 and / or apparatus 620 may be implemented in an eNodeB in an LTE, LTE-Advanced or LTE-Advanced Pro network or in a gNB or TRP in a 5G network, an NR network, or an IoT network.
[0030] In some implementations, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated-circuit (IC) chips such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more complex-instruction-set-computing (CISC) processors, or one or more reduced-instruction-set-computing (RISC) processors. In the various schemes described above, each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be implemented in or as a network apparatus or a UE. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may include at least some of those components shown in FIG. 6 such as a processor 612 and a processor 622, respectively, for example. Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may further include one or more other components not pertinent to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure (e.g., internal power supply, display device and / or user interface device) , and, thus, such component (s) of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 are neither shown in FIG. 6 nor described below in the interest of simplicity and brevity.
[0031] In one aspect, each of processor 612 and processor 622 may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, or one or more CISC or RISC processors. That is, even though a singular term “aprocessor” is used herein to refer to processor 612 and processor 622, each of processor 612 and processor 622 may include multiple processors in some implementations and a single processor in other implementations in accordance with the present disclosure. In another aspect, each of processor 612 and processor 622 may be implemented in the form of hardware (and, optionally, firmware) with electronic components including, for example and without limitation, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors and / or one or more varactors that are configured and arranged to achieve specific purposes in accordance with the present disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of processor 612 and processor 622 is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, arranged, and configured to perform specific tasks including those pertaining to an NTN control unit-array interface for mobile communications in accordance with various implementations of the present disclosure. For instance, processor 612 may include a circuit with a portion or an entirety of one or more of example architectures 200, 300, 400 and 500 described above.
[0032] In some implementations, apparatus 610 may also include a radio frequency (RF) unit 616 coupled to processor 612. RF unit 616 may be capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving data. In some implementations, RF unit 616 may be capable of wirelessly communicating with different types of wireless networks of different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some implementations, RF unit 616 may be equipped with a plurality of antenna ports (not shown) such as, for example, four antenna ports. That is, RF unit 616 may be equipped with multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications. In some implementations, apparatus 620 may also include an RF unit 626 coupled to processor 622. RF unit 626 may be capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving data. In some implementations, RF unit 626 may be capable of wirelessly communicating with different types of UEs / wireless networks of different RATs. In some implementations, RF unit 626 may be equipped with a plurality of antenna ports (not shown) such as, for example, four antenna ports. That is, RF unit 626 may be equipped with multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas for MIMO wireless communications.
[0033] In some implementations, apparatus 610 may further include a memory 614 coupled to processor 612 and capable of being accessed by processor 612 and storing data therein. In some implementations, apparatus 620 may further include a memory 624 coupled to processor 622 and capable of being accessed by processor 622 and storing data therein. Each of memory 614 and memory 624 may include a type of random-access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 614 and memory 624 may include a type of read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM) , erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 614 and memory 624 may include a type of non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and / or phase-change memory.
[0034] Each of apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 may be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, a description of capabilities of apparatus 610, as a UE (e.g., UE 110) , is provided below.
[0035] In one aspect, an apparatus may be implemented in UE 110 and may include a circuit (e.g., processor 612) , which may be configured to perform functions as both a modem and an array controller. The circuit (e.g., processor 612) may be configured to interface with an array board (which may be part of RF unit 616 or external to RF unit 616) to control an array antenna on the array board.
[0036] In some implementations, the circuit may be configured to receive ephemeris data from a satellite and receive information of an orientation and a position of UE 110 from an IMU sensor or a GNSS unit on the array board.
[0037] In some implementations, in functioning as the array controller, the circuit may be configured to perform certain operations including: (a) calculating, based on the ephemeris data and the information of the orientation and the position of UE 110, a directional angle and a power gain toward the satellite; and (b) adjusting, based on the calculating, a phase and a gain of a beamforming circuit on the array board to cause the beamforming circuit to adjust an output of the array antenna to align with a direction of the satellite.
[0038] In some implementations, in receiving the ephemeris data, the circuit may be configured to receive SIB19 from the satellite and decode the SIB19 to provide satellite EFEC information. Moreover, in receiving the information of the orientation and the position of the UE 110, the circuit may be configured to receive orientation and UE 110’s ECEF information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit. In some implementations, in calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite, the circuit may be configured to calculate the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ECEF information and the orientation and UE 110’s ECEF information.
[0039] In some implementations, in receiving the ephemeris data, the circuit may be configured to receive SIB19 from the satellite and decode the SIB19 to provide satellite ENU information. Furthermore, in receiving the information of the orientation and the position of UE 110, the circuit may be configured to receive orientation and UE 110’s ENU information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit. In some implementations, in calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite, the circuit may be configured to calculate the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ENU information and the orientation and UE 110’s ENU information.
[0040] In some implementations, a portion of the circuit that functions as the modem may include an intermediate frequency (IF) modem.
[0041] In some implementations, a portion of the circuit that functions as the array controller may include an array controller MCU or an FPGA.
[0042] In some implementations, the circuit may include a single chip with functions of the modem and the array controller integrated therein. Illustrative Processes
[0043] FIG. 7 illustrates an example process 700 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 700 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above. More specifically, process 700 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to an NTN control unit-array interface for mobile communications in accordance with the present disclosure. Process 700 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 710 and 720. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 700 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 700 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 7 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 700 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 700 may be implemented by or in apparatus 610 and apparatus 620 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 700 is described below in the context of apparatus 610 as a UE (e.g., UE 110) and apparatus 620 as a communication entity such as a network node or base station (e.g., network node 125) of a network (e.g., wireless network 120) . Process 700 may begin at block 710.
[0044] At 710, process 700 may involve processor 612, of apparatus 610, as UE 110, receiving an input signal containing information of an orientation and a position of UE 110 from an IMU sensor or a GNSS unit. Process 700 may proceed from 710 to 720. In some implementations, the processor 612 may be a portion of a single chip. In some implementations, the processor 612 may be a single chip. In some implementations, the processor 612 may be a chipset.
[0045] At 720, process 700 may involve processor 612 generating an output signal to adjust a phase and a gain of a beamforming circuit to cause the beamforming circuit to adjust an output of an array antenna to align with a direction of a satellite (e.g., apparatus 620 as non-terrestrial network node 128) . In some implementations, processor 612 may further include a function of a modem integrated therein.
[0046] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 receiving ephemeris data from the satellite. In such cases, in generating the output signal, process 700 may involve processor 612 calculating, based on the ephemeris data and the information of the orientation and the position of UE 110, a directional angle and a power gain toward the satellite.
[0047] In some implementations, in receiving the ephemeris data, process 700 may involve processor 612 receiving SIB19 from the satellite.
[0048] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 decoding the SIB19 to provide satellite ECEF information. In such cases, in receiving the information of the orientation and the position of the UE 110, process 700 may involve processor 612 receiving orientation and UE 110’s ECEF information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit. In some implementations, in calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite, process 700 may involve processor 612 calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ECEF information and the orientation and UE 110’s ECEF information.
[0049] In some implementations, process 700 may further involve processor 612 decoding the SIB19 to provide satellite ENU information. In such cases, in receiving the information of the orientation and the position of the UE 110, process 700 may involve processor 612 receiving orientation and UE 110’s ENU information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit. In some implementations, in calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite, process 700 may involve processor 612 calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ENU information and the orientation and UE 110’s ENU information.
[0050] In some implementations, in receiving the input signal from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit, process 700 may involve processor 612 communicating via a converter (e.g., as in example architecture 500) . Additional Notes
[0051] The herein-described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as "associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as being "operably connected" , or "operably coupled" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being "operably couplable" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and / or physically interacting components and / or wirelessly interactable and / or wirelessly interacting components and / or logically interacting and / or logically interactable components.
[0052] Further, with respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
[0053] Moreover, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims, e.g., bodies of the appended claims, are generally intended as “open” terms, e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to, ” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least, ” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to, ” etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to implementations containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an, " e.g., “a” and / or “an” should be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more; ” the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number, e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations, " without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “asystem having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “asystem having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B. ”
[0054] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various implementations of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various implementations disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.
Claims
1.An apparatus, comprising:a circuit configured to perform functions as both a modem and an array controller, the circuit configured to interface with an array board to control an array antenna on the array board.2.The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein, the circuit is configured to receive ephemeris data from a satellite and receive information of an orientation and a position of a user equipment (UE) from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor or a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) unit on the array board.3.The apparatus of Claim 2, wherein, in functioning as the array controller, the circuit is configured to perform operations comprising:calculating, based on the ephemeris data and the information of the orientation and the position of the UE, a directional angle and a power gain toward the satellite; andadjusting, based on the calculating, a phase and a gain of a beamforming circuit on the array board to cause the beamforming circuit to adjust an output of the array antenna to align with a direction of the satellite.4.The apparatus of Claim 3, wherein, in receiving the ephemeris data, the circuit is configured to receive System Information Block #19 (SIB19) from the satellite and decode the SIB19 to provide satellite Earth-centered, Earth-fixed (ECEF) information, and wherein, in receiving the information of the orientation and the position of the UE, the circuit is configured to receive orientation and user ECEF information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit.5.The apparatus of Claim 4, wherein, in calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite, the circuit is configured to calculate the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ECEF information and the orientation and user ECEF information.6.The apparatus of Claim 3, wherein, in receiving the ephemeris data, the circuit is configured to receive System Information Block #19 (SIB19) from the satellite and decode the SIB19 to provide satellite east-north-up (ENU) information, and wherein, in receiving the information of the orientation and the position of the UE, the circuit is configured to receive orientation and user ENU information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit.7.The apparatus of Claim 6, wherein, in calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite, the circuit is configured to calculate the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ENU information and the orientation and user ENU information.8.The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein a portion of the circuit that functions as the modem comprises an intermediate frequency (IF) modem.9.The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein a portion of the circuit that functions as the array controller comprises an array controller micro controller unit (MCU) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA) .10.The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein the circuit comprises a single chip with functions of the modem and the array controller integrated therein.11.A method, comprising:receiving, by a single chip, an input signal containing information of an orientation and a position of a user equipment (UE) from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor or a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) unit; andgenerating, by the single chip, an output signal to adjust a phase and a gain of a beamforming circuit to cause the beamforming circuit to adjust an output of an array antenna to align with a direction of a satellite, wherein the single chip further comprises a function of a modem integrated therein.12.The method of Claim 11, further comprising:receiving, by the single chip, ephemeris data from the satellite,wherein the generating of the output signal comprises calculating, based on the ephemeris data and the information of the orientation and the position of the UE, a directional angle and a power gain toward the satellite.13.The method of Claim 12, wherein the receiving of the ephemeris data comprises receiving System Information Block #19 (SIB19) from the satellite.14.The method of Claim 13, further comprising:decoding, by the single chip, the SIB19 to provide satellite Earth-centered, Earth-fixed (ECEF) information,wherein the receiving of the information of the orientation and the position of the UE comprises receiving orientation and the UE’s ECEF information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit.15.The method of Claim 14, wherein the calculating of the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite comprises calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ECEF information and the orientation and the UE’s ECEF information.16.The method of Claim 13, further comprising:decoding, by the single chip, the SIB19 to provide satellite east-north-up (ENU) information,wherein the receiving of the information of the orientation and the position of the UE comprises receiving orientation and the UE’s ENU information from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit.17.The method of Claim 16, wherein the calculating of the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite comprises calculating the directional angle and the power gain toward the satellite using the satellite ENU information and the orientation and the UE’s ENU information.18.The method of Claim 11, wherein the receiving of the input signal from the IMU sensor or the GNSS unit comprises communicating via a converter.19.A system implementable in a user equipment (UE) , comprising:a control unit comprising a modem and an array controller integrated in a single chip with the modem and the array controller coupled to each other via a first interface; andan array unit, coupled to the control unit via a second interface,wherein a complexity of the first interface and a complexity of the second interface are different.20.The system of Claim 19, wherein the first interface comprises a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) , and wherein the second interface comprises a serial peripheral interface (SPI) .21.A system implementable in a user equipment (UE) , comprising:an array board;a control unit comprising a modem and an array controller; anda converter coupled between the control unit and the array board,wherein the converter is coupled with the control unit via a first interface,wherein the converter is coupled with the array board via a second interface, andwherein a complexity of the first interface and a complexity of the second interface are different.
Citation Information
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