Device, method, and apparatus for forwarding data, and storage medium

Abstract

According to embodiments of the present disclosure, provided are a device, method, and apparatus for forwarding data, and a computer-readable storage medium. In some embodiments, a switch device is provided, comprising: one or more groups of uplink ports, configured to be coupled to a first external interface so as to transmit data to an upstream device via the first external interface; one or more groups of downlink ports, configured to be coupled to a second external interface to transmit data to a downstream device via the second external interface; a data switch chip, comprising a plurality of forwarding units, each forwarding unit among the plurality of forwarding units being adapted to be connected to at least one group of uplink ports among the one or more groups of uplink ports and at least one group of downlink ports among the one or more groups of downlink ports; and a control unit, configured to control data forwarding of the data switch chip, so that each forwarding unit among the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the at least one group of uplink ports and the at least one group of downlink ports connected thereto.

Description

Device, method, apparatus and storage medium for forwarding data

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese invention patent application entitled “Device, method, apparatus and storage medium for forwarding data” and application number 202410339244.6, filed on March 22, 2024. The entire contents of that application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of electrical devices, and more particularly to devices, methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable storage media for forwarding data. Background Art

[0003] With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, the requirements for greater bandwidth and lower latency in high-performance computing (HPC) networks have become more stringent. To meet these demands, network equipment has evolved, with switching capacity increasing from 25.6T to 51.2T and port speeds increasing from 400G to 800G. However, this development has introduced significant challenges in heat dissipation and power consumption design. Linear pluggable optical (LPO) modules have been proposed as a sustainable alternative to traditional pluggable optical modules with digital signal processing (DSP). The advantages of LPO modules have attracted widespread attention over the past two years. The application of LPO modules offers significant benefits, including up to 50% reduction in optical module power consumption, 60-90 nanoseconds reduction in latency, and approximately 30% cost savings. In addition, they retain the convenience of pluggable modules and are supported by a mature industrial supply chain. Despite this, integrating LPO systems into HPC core switch systems still presents significant challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a switching device is provided. The switching device includes: one or more groups of uplink ports configured to be coupled to a first external interface to transmit data with an upstream device via the first external interface; one or more groups of downlink ports configured to be coupled to a second external interface to transmit data with a downstream device via the second external interface; a data switching chip including a plurality of forwarding units, each of the plurality of forwarding units being adapted to be connected to at least one group of uplink ports of the one or more groups of uplink ports and at least one group of downlink ports of the one or more groups of downlink ports; and a control unit configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip so that each of the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the at least one group of uplink ports and the at least one group of downlink ports to which it is connected.

[0005] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for forwarding data is provided. The method includes: obtaining a connection relationship between one or more groups of uplink ports and one or more groups of downlink ports and multiple forwarding units of a data switching chip; and controlling data forwarding of the data switching chip based on the connection relationship so that each of the multiple forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and downlink port.

[0006] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a device for forwarding data is provided. The device includes: an acquisition module configured to acquire connection relationships between one or more groups of uplink ports and one or more groups of downlink ports and multiple forwarding units of a data switching chip; and a forwarding control module configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip based on the connection relationships, so that each of the multiple forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and downlink port.

[0007] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. The computer program can be executed by a processor to implement the method according to the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0008] It should be understood that the content described in this summary section is not intended to limit the key features or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0010] FIG1 shows the architecture of a switching device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0011] FIG2 illustrates an example PCB wiring arrangement between a data switching chip and a port within a switching device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0012] FIG3 illustrates an example configuration of upstream and downstream ports according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0013] FIG4 illustrates a data forwarding process within a switching device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0014] FIG5 illustrates an example connection arrangement between a data switching chip and a port according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0015] FIG6 shows another example connection arrangement between a data switching chip and a port according to other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0016] FIG7 illustrates a flow chart of a process for forwarding data according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0017] FIG8 shows a schematic structural block diagram of an apparatus for forwarding data according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0018] FIG9 illustrates a block diagram of a device capable of implementing various embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following describes embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "including" and similar terms should be understood as open inclusion, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The term "some embodiments" should be understood as "at least some embodiments". Other explicit and implicit definitions may be included below. The terms "first", "second", etc. may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may be included below.

[0021] In the leaf-spine architecture of a Data Communication Network (DCN) or HPC network, switches can serve as network switching devices, providing data forwarding and switching functions. Switches can use Linear-direct-drive Pluggable Optics (LPO) modules. LPO modules eliminate DSP components, maintaining a pluggable module format while offering advantages in cost, power consumption, and latency. For example, a switch using a single chip can achieve a capacity of 51.2T using 64 800G ports.

[0022] Traditionally, data exchange chips within network switching devices convert and transmit data between uplink and downlink ports. Excessive data forwarding can cause congestion within the switch, increasing data latency. If the cached data exceeds its capacity, data loss can occur. Furthermore, data transmission paths between the switch chip and ports incur data loss, which can become a performance bottleneck for data communication links.

[0023] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a printed circuit board (PCB) wiring design scheme, which enables each of the multiple forwarding units of a data exchange chip to be connected to at least one set of uplink ports and one set of downlink ports, thereby effectively avoiding data congestion caused by excessive data traffic within the chip.

[0024] Figure 1 shows the architecture of a switching device 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the switching device 100 includes a data switching unit 105, a control unit 110, a power supply unit 115 (e.g., a PSU) and fans 120-1 to 120-N. The data switching unit 105 includes a data switching chip 125 (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit or ASIC) and a plurality of ports 130-1 to 130-M, for example, high-speed input / output (HSIO) ports. N and M represent positive integers. The switching device 100 can be coupled to a plurality of optical modules (not shown), such as LPO modules, through the ports 130-1 to 130-M. The switching device 100 also includes a substrate 135, which is suitable for arranging the ports 130-1 to 130-M, the data switching chip 125 and the control unit 110 thereon.

[0025] Figure 2 illustrates a PCB wiring arrangement 200 between a data switching chip and ports within a switching device, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2 , wiring fanns out sequentially from above the data switching chip 125, connecting to ports 130-1 through 130-M. Each port is coupled to an optical module 205-1 through 205-M (e.g., an LPO module). Ports 130-1 through 130-M may be individually or collectively referred to as ports 130, and may be configured to have different bandwidths and / or different signal rates as needed.

[0026] For example, ports 130-1 to 130-M may include the following: a 400G port with eight internal lanes, each supporting 50G; a 40G port with four internal lanes, each supporting 10G; and a 10G port with one internal 10G lane. The number of ports can be configured based on chip bandwidth, port bandwidth, port type, and so on.

[0027] FIG3 shows an example configuration 300 of upstream and downstream ports according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3 , ports 130-1 to 130-M of the switching device are divided into upstream ports 305-1 to 305-L (individually or collectively referred to as upstream ports 305) and downstream ports 310-1 to 310-K (individually or collectively referred to as downstream ports 310), where L and K are positive integers. The upstream port 305 is used to transmit data with an upstream device (e.g., an upper-level switching device), and the downstream port 310 is used to transmit data with a downstream device (e.g., a server or a lower-level switching device). Via the upstream port 305 and the downstream port 310, the switching device 100 can forward data (also referred to as upstream data) from an upstream device to a downstream device, and forward data (also referred to as downstream data) from a downstream device to an upstream device.

[0028] The number of uplink ports 305 and downlink ports 310 can be configured based on a predetermined ratio of uplink to downlink ports. For example, if the switching device 100 has M = 64 ports, and the predetermined ratio is 3:1, then the uplink ports 305 include 16 ports, and the downlink ports 310 include 48 ports. This ratio can be configured based on actual data service requirements, network architecture, and deployment.

[0029] FIG4 illustrates a data forwarding process 400 within a switching device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4 , the data switching chip 125 includes multiple forwarding units, such as forwarding units 405-1 to 405-4. Data can be transmitted between the forwarding units via a data forwarding channel. The data forwarding channel may include a downlink channel 410 and an uplink channel 420. For example, downlink data arriving at forwarding unit 405-1 via a downlink port may be transmitted to forwarding unit 405-2 via the downlink channel 410 between forwarding unit 405-1 and forwarding unit 405-2. Forwarding unit 405-2 then transmits the downlink data to an upstream device via an uplink port. Similarly, uplink data arriving at forwarding unit 405-2 via an uplink port may be transmitted to forwarding unit 405-1 via the uplink channel 420 between forwarding unit 405-1 and forwarding unit 405-2. Forwarding unit 405-1 then transmits the uplink data to a downstream device via a downlink port.

[0030] It should be understood that the number of forwarding units shown in FIG4 is merely an example and not a limitation. According to actual needs, the data switching chip 125 may include any number of forwarding units. The number of forwarding units may be configured based on actual data forwarding requirements and network planning and deployment.

[0031] FIG5 illustrates an example connection arrangement 500 between a data switching chip and a port according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] In arrangement 500, the uplink ports and downlink ports are divided into one or more groups. Each group can include the same or different number of ports. As shown in Figure 5, the uplink ports are divided into a group of uplink ports 505, which are configured to couple with a first external interface (not shown) to transmit data with an upstream device (e.g., an upper-level switching device) via the first external interface. The downlink ports are divided into four groups of downlink ports 510-1, 510-2, and 510-3, which are configured to couple with a second external interface (not shown) to transmit data with a downstream device (e.g., a server or a lower-level switching device) via the second external interface. Each group of uplink and downlink ports includes four ports. Below, for ease of discussion, one or more groups of uplink ports are individually or collectively referred to as an uplink port group 505, and one or more groups of downlink ports are individually or collectively referred to as a downlink port group 510. One or more groups of uplink ports 505 and one or more groups of downlink ports 510 are suitable for coupling multiple optical modules (e.g., LPO modules).

[0033] It should be understood that the number of groups into which the uplink and downlink ports are divided and the number of ports included in each group shown in FIG5 are merely examples and are not limiting. Uplink ports and downlink ports can be divided into any number of groups of uplink ports and downlink ports as needed. A group of ports can include any number of ports, and the number of ports in each group of ports can be the same or different.

[0034] The data switching chip 125 includes multiple forwarding units. For example, as shown in FIG5 , it includes four forwarding units 405-1 to 405-4. Each forwarding unit 405-1 to 405-4 is adapted to connect to at least one group of uplink ports 505 of one or more groups of uplink ports and at least one group of downlink ports 510 of one or more groups of downlink ports. For example, the substrate 135 of the switching device 100 is adapted to accommodate one or more groups of uplink ports 505, one or more groups of downlink ports 510, the data switching chip 120, and the control unit 110. Each group of uplink ports 505 and each group of downlink ports 510 can be coupled to a corresponding forwarding unit 405 via a first transmission path and a second transmission path, respectively, on the substrate 135 of the switching device 100. In some embodiments, the number of the multiple forwarding units can be greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of uplink ports and greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of downlink ports.

[0035] For example, assuming the chip bandwidth is XT, the uplink bandwidth is YT, and the downlink bandwidth is ZT, then:

[0036] The number of downstream ports × downstream port bandwidth is: port N1 × AT,

[0037] The number of uplink ports × uplink port bandwidth is: Port N2 × BT.

[0038] Total port bandwidth = port N1 × AT + port N2 × BT = YT + ZT = XT.

[0039] In some embodiments, port N1×AT≥Port N2×BT.

[0040] Assume that the number of forwarding units in the data switching chip 125 is α. In some embodiments, α≥port N1, and α≥port N2.

[0041] The following connection relationships can be configured between uplink and downlink ports and each forwarding unit: Downlink ports #1 through #3 and uplink port #13 are connected to forwarding unit 405-4, downlink ports #4 through #6 and uplink port #14 are connected to forwarding unit 405-1, downlink ports #7 through #9 and uplink port #15 are connected to forwarding unit 405-2, and downlink ports #10 through #12 and uplink port #16 are connected to forwarding unit 405-3.

[0042] The control unit 110 in the switching device 100 is configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip 125 so that each forwarding unit 405 - 1 to 405 - 4 in the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between at least one group of uplink ports 505 and at least one group of downlink ports 510 to which it is connected.

[0043] This wiring method effectively reduces the amount of data forwarding in the downlink and uplink channels between forwarding units. Furthermore, if the amount of data being forwarded between certain forwarding units is large, data forwarding can be performed using the data forwarding channels between forwarding units, utilizing idle uplink and downlink ports, effectively avoiding data congestion.

[0044] In some embodiments, the control unit 110 may also be configured to, in response to determining that the data transmission rate per unit time of a first group of uplink ports connected to a first forwarding unit (e.g., forwarding unit 405-1) in one or more groups of uplink ports 505 is greater than a threshold transmission rate, cause data to be transmitted via a second group of uplink ports connected to an adjacent second forwarding unit (e.g., forwarding unit 405-2). The threshold transmission rate may be determined based on the threshold data forwarding rate per unit time of multiple forwarding units (e.g., forwarding units 405-1 to 405-4). The threshold data forwarding rate may depend on the bandwidth supported by the data forwarding chip 120. In this way, internal chip bus utilization can be improved, thereby improving chip bandwidth utilization.

[0045] In some embodiments, the data exchange chip 125 is arranged on the substrate 135 such that the length of a first transmission path between the data exchange chip 125 and at least one group of upstream ports 505 and the length of a second transmission path between the data exchange chip 125 and at least one group of downstream ports 510 are both less than a predetermined threshold. This effectively shortens the data transmission path between the data exchange chip 125 and the ports, thereby enhancing signal quality within the system and data transmission reliability, and improving data transmission performance and efficiency.

[0046] FIG6 shows another example connection arrangement 600 between a data switching chip and a port according to some further embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] In arrangement 600, the upstream ports are divided into four groups, each group of upstream ports 505 including one upstream port. The downstream ports are divided into six groups, each group of downstream ports 510 including two downstream ports. The first group of downstream ports 510-1 and the first group of upstream ports 505-1 are connected to forwarding unit 405-1. The second group of downstream ports 510-2, the fourth group of downstream ports 510-4, and the fifth group of downstream ports 510-5 and the second group of upstream ports 505-2 are connected to forwarding unit 405-2. The sixth group of downstream ports 510-6 and the third group of upstream ports 505-3 are connected to forwarding unit 405-3. The third group of downstream ports 510-4 and the fourth group of upstream ports 505-4 are connected to forwarding unit 405-4. By adjusting the outgoing line order of the data switching chip 125, the wiring length within the PCB can be shortened.

[0048] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , one or more groups of uplink ports 505 and one or more groups of downlink ports 510 are arranged along a first edge 605 of the substrate 135. A second edge 610 of the data exchange chip 125 forms a non-zero angle, such as a 45-degree angle, with the first edge 605. By adjusting the angle of the data exchange chip 125, the wiring length within the PCB can be further shortened, thereby further enhancing the signal quality and data transmission reliability within the system.

[0049] The following describes a flow chart of a process 700 for forwarding data with reference to Figure 7. The process 700 may be executed by the switching device described above, for example, by the control unit 110 in the switching device.

[0050] In block 710 , connection relationships between one or more groups of uplink ports 505 , one or more groups of downlink ports 110 , and multiple forwarding units 405 of the data switching chip 125 are obtained.

[0051] In block 720 , data forwarding of the data switching chip 125 is controlled according to the connection relationship, so that each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and the downlink port.

[0052] In some embodiments, process 700 may further include: in response to determining that the data transmission volume per unit time of a first group of uplink ports connected to the first forwarding unit among one or more groups of uplink ports is greater than a threshold transmission volume, causing the data to be transmitted via a second group of uplink ports connected to an adjacent second forwarding unit.

[0053] In some embodiments, process 700 may further include determining a threshold transmission amount according to a threshold data forwarding amount per unit time of each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units.

[0054] In some embodiments, the number of the forwarding units is greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of uplink ports and greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of downlink ports.

[0055] Figure 8 shows a schematic structural block diagram of an apparatus 800 for data forwarding according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparatus 800 may be implemented at the switching device 100 of Figure 1. Each module / component in apparatus 800 may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof.

[0056] As shown in FIG8 , the apparatus 800 includes an acquisition module 810 configured to acquire a connection relationship between one or more groups of uplink ports 505 and one or more groups of downlink ports 110 and multiple forwarding units 405 of the data switching chip 125. The apparatus 800 also includes a forwarding control module 820 configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip 125 based on the connection relationship, so that each forwarding unit in the multiple forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and downlink port.

[0057] In some embodiments, the device 800 may also include a connection change module, which is configured to, in response to determining that the data transmission volume per unit time of a first group of uplink ports connected to a first forwarding unit among one or more groups of uplink ports is greater than a threshold transmission volume, cause data to be transmitted via a second group of uplink ports connected to an adjacent second forwarding unit.

[0058] In some embodiments, the apparatus 800 may further include a threshold determination module configured to determine a threshold transmission amount according to a threshold data forwarding amount per unit time of each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units.

[0059] In some embodiments, the number of the forwarding units is greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of uplink ports and greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of downlink ports.

[0060] FIG9 shows a block diagram of an electronic device 900 in which one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. It should be understood that the electronic device 900 shown in FIG9 is merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of the embodiments described herein. The electronic device 900 shown in FIG9 can be used to implement the electronic device 900 of FIG1 .

[0061] As shown in FIG9 , electronic device 900 is a general-purpose electronic device. Components of electronic device 900 may include, but are not limited to, one or more processors or processing units 910, memory 920, storage device 930, one or more communication units 940, one or more input devices 950, and one or more output devices 960. Processing unit 910 may be a real or virtual processor and is capable of performing various processes according to programs stored in memory 920. In a multi-processor system, multiple processing units execute computer-executable instructions in parallel to enhance the parallel processing capabilities of electronic device 900.

[0062] The electronic device 900 typically includes a plurality of computer storage media. Such media can be any accessible media that can be obtained by the electronic device 900, including but not limited to volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media. The memory 920 can be a volatile memory (e.g., a register, a cache, a random access memory (RAM)), a non-volatile memory (e.g., a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory), or some combination thereof. The storage device 930 can be a removable or non-removable medium and can include a machine-readable medium, such as a flash drive, a disk, or any other medium that can be used to store information and / or data (e.g., training data for training) and can be accessed within the electronic device 900.

[0063] The electronic device 900 may further include additional removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile storage media. Although not shown in FIG. 9 , a disk drive for reading or writing from a removable, non-volatile disk (e.g., a “floppy disk”) and an optical drive for reading or writing from a removable, non-volatile optical disk may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to a bus (not shown) by one or more data media interfaces. The memory 920 may include a computer program product 925 having one or more program modules configured to perform various methods or actions of various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0064] The communication unit 940 enables communication with other electronic devices via a communication medium. Additionally, the functions of the components of the electronic device 900 can be implemented as a single computing cluster or multiple computing machines that can communicate via a communication connection. Thus, the electronic device 900 can operate in a networked environment using a logical connection with one or more other servers, a network personal computer (PC), or another network node.

[0065] The input device 950 may be one or more input devices, such as a mouse, keyboard, or trackball. The output device 960 may be one or more output devices, such as a display, a speaker, or a printer. The electronic device 900 may also communicate with one or more external devices (not shown) through the communication unit 940 as needed, such as a storage device, a display device, or the like, with one or more devices that allow a user to interact with the electronic device 900, or with any device that allows the electronic device 900 to communicate with one or more other electronic devices (e.g., a network card, a modem, etc.). Such communication may be performed via an input / output (I / O) interface (not shown).

[0066] According to an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer-executable instructions are stored, wherein the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method described above. According to an exemplary implementation of the present disclosure, a computer program product is also provided, which is tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium and includes computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method described above.

[0067] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses, devices, and computer program products implemented according to the present disclosure. It should be understood that each block of the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0068] These computer-readable program instructions can be provided to a processing unit of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, thereby producing a machine, such that when these instructions are executed by the processing unit of the computer or other programmable data processing device, a device is generated that implements the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer-readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, where these instructions cause the computer, programmable data processing device, and / or other device to operate in a specific manner. Thus, the computer-readable medium storing the instructions comprises an article of manufacture that includes instructions for implementing various aspects of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0069] Computer-readable program instructions can be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device so that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby causing the instructions executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to implement the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0070] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, Example 1 is a switching device, comprising: one or more groups of uplink ports, configured to be coupled to a first external interface to transmit data with an upstream device via the first external interface; one or more groups of downlink ports, configured to be coupled to a second external interface to transmit data with a downstream device via the second external interface; a data switching chip, comprising a plurality of forwarding units, each of the plurality of forwarding units being suitable for being connected to at least one group of uplink ports of the one or more groups of uplink ports and at least one group of downlink ports of the one or more groups of downlink ports; and a control unit, configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip so that each of the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the at least one group of uplink ports and the at least one group of downlink ports to which it is connected.

[0071] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the switching device further includes: a substrate, suitable for arranging one or more groups of uplink ports, one or more groups of downlink ports, a data switching chip, and a control unit thereon, wherein each group of uplink ports and each group of downlink ports are coupled to a corresponding forwarding unit via a first transmission path and a second transmission path on the substrate, respectively, and wherein the data switching chip is arranged on the substrate so that the lengths of the first transmission path and the second transmission path are both less than a predetermined threshold.

[0072] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more groups of upstream ports and one or more groups of downstream ports are respectively arranged along a first edge of the substrate, and a second edge of the data exchange chip forms a non-zero angle with the first edge.

[0073] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of the forwarding units is greater than or equal to the number of one or more groups of uplink ports and greater than or equal to the number of one or more groups of downlink ports.

[0074] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the control unit is further configured to: in response to determining that the data transmission volume per unit time of a first group of uplink ports connected to a first forwarding unit among one or more groups of uplink ports is greater than a threshold transmission volume, cause the data to be transmitted via a second group of uplink ports connected to an adjacent second forwarding unit.

[0075] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the threshold transmission amount is determined according to a threshold data forwarding amount per unit time of a plurality of forwarding units.

[0076] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more groups of uplink ports and one or more groups of downlink ports are suitable for coupling multiple optical modules.

[0077] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, Example 2 is a method for forwarding data, which includes: obtaining a connection relationship between one or more groups of uplink ports and one or more groups of downlink ports and multiple forwarding units of a data switching chip; and controlling data forwarding of the data switching chip according to the connection relationship so that each of the multiple forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and the downlink port.

[0078] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: in response to determining that the data transmission volume per unit time of a first group of uplink ports connected to a first forwarding unit among one or more groups of uplink ports is greater than a threshold transmission volume, causing the data to be transmitted via a second group of uplink ports connected to an adjacent second forwarding unit.

[0079] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes: determining a threshold transmission amount according to a threshold data forwarding amount per unit time of each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units.

[0080] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of the forwarding units is greater than or equal to the number of one or more groups of uplink ports and greater than or equal to the number of one or more groups of downlink ports.

[0081] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, Example 3 is a device for forwarding data, comprising: an acquisition module configured to acquire a connection relationship between one or more groups of uplink ports and one or more groups of downlink ports and a plurality of forwarding units of a data switching chip; and

[0082] The forwarding control module is configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip according to the connection relationship, so that each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and downlink port.

[0083] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, Example 4 is a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which can be executed by a processor to implement a method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0084] The flow charts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to multiple implementations of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a part for a module, program segment or instruction, and a part for a module, program segment or instruction comprises one or more executable instructions for realizing the logical function of the specification. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two continuous boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be realized by a special hardware-based system that performs the function or action of the specification, or can be realized by a combination of special hardware and computer instructions.

[0085] While various implementations of the present disclosure have been described above, the foregoing description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed implementations. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described implementations. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the implementations, their practical applications, or improvements to existing technologies, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the various implementations disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A switching device, comprising: one or more groups of uplink ports, configured to be coupled to the first external interface to transmit data with an upstream device via the first external interface; one or more groups of downstream ports, configured to be coupled to the second external interface to transmit data with a downstream device via the second external interface; a data switching chip comprising a plurality of forwarding units, each of the plurality of forwarding units being adapted to be connected to at least one of the one or more groups of uplink ports and at least one of the one or more groups of downlink ports; as well as The control unit is configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip so that each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the at least one group of uplink ports and the at least one group of downlink ports to which the forwarding units are connected.

2. The switching device according to claim 1, further comprising: a substrate, adapted for arranging the one or more groups of uplink ports, the one or more groups of downlink ports, the data exchange chip, and the control unit thereon; Each group of uplink ports and each group of downlink ports are coupled to corresponding forwarding units via a first transmission path and a second transmission path on the substrate, respectively; and The data exchange chip is arranged on the substrate so that the lengths of the first transmission path and the second transmission path are both less than a predetermined threshold.

3. The switching device according to claim 2, wherein the one or more groups of uplink ports and the one or more groups of downlink ports are respectively arranged along a first edge of the substrate, and a second edge of the data switching chip forms a non-zero angle with the first edge. 4 . The switching device according to claim 1 , wherein the number of the plurality of forwarding units is greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of uplink ports and greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of downlink ports.

5. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit is further configured to: In response to determining that the data transmission rate per unit time of the first group of uplink ports connected to the first forwarding unit among the one or more groups of uplink ports is greater than the threshold transmission rate, data is transmitted via the second group of uplink ports connected to the adjacent second forwarding unit. 6 . The switching device according to claim 5 , wherein the threshold transmission volume is determined according to a threshold data forwarding volume per unit time of the plurality of forwarding units. 7 . The switching device according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more groups of uplink ports and the one or more groups of downlink ports are suitable for coupling a plurality of optical modules.

8. A method for forwarding data, comprising: Obtaining connection relationships between one or more groups of uplink ports and one or more groups of downlink ports and multiple forwarding units of a data switching chip; as well as The data forwarding of the data switching chip is controlled according to the connection relationship, so that each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and the downlink port.

9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: In response to determining that the data transmission rate per unit time of the first group of uplink ports connected to the first forwarding unit among the one or more groups of uplink ports is greater than the threshold transmission rate, data is transmitted via the second group of uplink ports connected to the adjacent second forwarding unit.

10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: The threshold transmission amount is determined according to a unit time threshold data forwarding amount of each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the number of the plurality of forwarding units is greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of uplink ports and greater than or equal to the number of the one or more groups of downlink ports.

12. A device for forwarding data, comprising: An acquisition module is configured to acquire connection relationships between one or more groups of uplink ports and one or more groups of downlink ports and multiple forwarding units of the data switching chip; as well as The forwarding control module is configured to control data forwarding of the data switching chip according to the connection relationship, so that each forwarding unit in the plurality of forwarding units forwards data between the connected uplink port and the downlink port.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program can be executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 8 to 11.

14. A computer program product comprising computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to any one of claims 8 to 11.

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