Optical conduction element, camera module, and electronic device

Abstract

An optical conduction element (30), provided with a light-transmitting surface (31), a first reflecting surface (32), and a second reflecting surface (33). The first reflecting surface (32) and the second reflecting surface (33) are inclined relative to the light-transmitting surface (31), and the light-transmitting surface (31) is provided with a light entrance area (311) and a light exit area (312). A light-extinguishing surface (38) is located on at least one of two sides opposite to a light propagation direction within the optical conduction element (30), and is used to deflect at least part of light rays emitted from within the optical conduction element (30) to the light-extinguishing surface (38), so that at least part of the light rays deviates from the light exit area (312). The light-extinguishing surface (38) comprises a first deflection surface (381) and a second deflection surface (382), and the first deflection surface (381) and the second deflection surface (382) are sequentially arranged in a direction from the light entrance area (311) to the light exit area (312).

Description

Optical transmission components, camera modules and electronic equipment

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 2024103184477, filed on March 19, 2024, entitled “Optical transmission element, camera module and electronic device,” the entire text of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of camera devices, and in particular to an optical transmission element, a camera module and an electronic device. Background Art

[0004] An increasing number of electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and e-readers, are equipped with camera modules for photography. To adapt the camera module's telephoto design to the electronic device's structural layout and reduce its thickness, periscope-style camera modules have emerged. These modules incorporate optical transmission elements such as prisms to deflect light, thereby reducing the module's overall thickness. However, in current periscope-style camera modules, stray light components affect image quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to various embodiments of the present application, an optical transmission element, a camera module and an electronic device are provided.

[0006] An optical transmission element comprises a light-transmitting surface, a first reflecting surface, and a second reflecting surface, wherein the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are inclined relative to the light-transmitting surface, the light-transmitting surface having a light entrance area and a light exit area, and the optical transmission element is configured to reflect at least a portion of light incident on the light entrance area sequentially from the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface, and emit the light from the light exit area;

[0007] The optical transmission element further includes an extinction surface, which is located on at least one of two sides of opposite light propagation directions within the optical transmission element and is used to deflect at least part of the light incident from the optical transmission element onto the extinction surface, so that at least part of the light deviates from the light exit area. The extinction surface includes a first deflection surface and a second deflection surface, which are arranged sequentially in a direction from the light incident area to the light exit area, and the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface are inclined to each other.

[0008] A camera module includes a lens, an image sensor, and the optical transmission element as described above, wherein the lens and the image sensor are both arranged on one side of the light-transmitting surface of the optical transmission element, and the lens is opposite to the light-entering area of ​​the light-transmitting surface, and the image sensor is opposite to the light-exiting area of ​​the light-transmitting surface.

[0009] An electronic device comprises a housing and a camera module as described above, wherein the camera module is arranged in the housing, the housing is provided with a light inlet hole, and the light inlet hole is arranged corresponding to the light incident side of the lens. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the disclosed drawings without any creative work.

[0011] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments.

[0012] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module in some embodiments.

[0013] FIG3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a camera module in some embodiments.

[0014] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-transmitting surface of an optical transmission element in some embodiments.

[0015] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a matte surface side of an optical transmission element in some embodiments.

[0016] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first reflective surface side of an optical transmission element in some embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the matte surface side of an optical transmission element in some other embodiments.

[0018] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transmission element provided with a light-extinction microstructure in some embodiments.

[0019] FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an end face side of the optical transmission element shown in FIG. 8 .

[0020] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the optical transmission element shown in FIG. 8 .

[0021] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments further including other components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] As used herein, "electronic device" refers to a device that can receive and / or send communication signals, including but not limited to a device that is connected via any one or more of the following connection methods:

[0024] (1) Connection via a wired line, such as Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTN), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), digital cable, or direct cable connection;

[0025] (2) Via wireless interfaces, such as cellular networks, wireless local area networks (WLAN), digital television networks such as DVB-H networks, satellite networks, and AM-FM broadcast transmitters.

[0026] An electronic device configured to communicate via a wireless interface may be referred to as a "mobile terminal". Examples of mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, the following electronic devices:

[0027] (1) Satellite phone or cellular phone;

[0028] (2) Personal Communications System (PCS) terminals that can combine cellular radiotelephones with data processing, fax, and data communications capabilities;

[0029] (3) Radiotelephone, pager, Internet / Intranet access, Web browser, notepad, calendar, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) equipped with a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver;

[0030] (4) conventional laptop and / or palmtop receivers;

[0031] (5) Conventional laptop and / or palmtop radiotelephone transceivers, etc.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 in some embodiments, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a camera module 20 in some embodiments. The electronic device 10 provided herein includes, but is not limited to, devices such as smartphones, tablet computers, e-readers, and wearable devices that can be equipped with a camera module 20 and have a shooting function. The electronic device 10 in the embodiments of the present application is exemplified using a smartphone as an example.

[0033] In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 includes a housing 11 and a camera module 20. The camera module 20 is housed in the housing 11. The assembly relationship between the housing 11 and the camera module 20 is not limited and can be specifically designed according to the structural layout of the electronic device 10. For example, in some embodiments, the housing 11 includes a middle frame, a front cover, and a rear cover. The middle frame can be roughly rectangular. The front cover and the rear cover can be respectively arranged on both sides of the middle frame to form an accommodation space together with the middle frame. The camera module 20 can be accommodated in the accommodation space of the housing 11. In the present application, the direction from the front cover of the housing 11 to the rear cover can be regarded as the thickness direction of the electronic device 10.

[0034] In some embodiments, the camera module 20 includes a lens 21, an image sensor 22, and an optical transmission element 30. The lens 21 is used to collect light and may include multiple lenses 211 with optical power. The combination of the multiple lenses 211 can correct aberrations while collecting light, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera module 20. The image sensor 22 includes, but is not limited to, a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. The optical transmission element 30 is used to transmit light from the lens 21 to the image sensor 22 for imaging, thereby enabling the electronic device 10 to achieve the shooting function.

[0035] In some embodiments, the housing 11 is provided with a light inlet 111 extending through the housing. When the camera module 20 is housed within the housing 11, the light-entering side of the lens 21 aligns with the light inlet 111, thereby collecting light entering the light inlet 111. The axis of the lens 21 can be substantially parallel to the thickness of the electronic device 10. The optical transmission element 30 deflects the light path while transmitting light, achieving a periscope-style structural design and facilitating a reduction in the thickness of the camera module 20. Furthermore, positioning the lens 21 on the light-entering side of the optical transmission element 30 allows the light inlet 111 to align with the light-entering side of the lens 21. This allows the light inlet 111 to be circular, matching the other aperture structures of the electronic device 10. This improves the aesthetics of the electronic device 10, compared to conventional square light inlets that must conform to the shape of a prism.

[0036] The number and type of lenses 211 in the lens 21 are not limited. In some embodiments, the lens 21 includes four lenses 211 spaced apart from one another along the optical axis. The first lens 211 of the lens 211 (i.e., the lens 211 farthest from the optical transmission element 30) can be made of glass and processed by grinding, primarily for correcting aberrations and eliminating temperature drift. The other three lenses 211 of the lens 211 can be made of plastic and processed by injection molding, primarily for correcting aberrations. It should be understood that the materials and processing methods for the lenses 211 are merely illustrative and not limiting. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select the materials and processing methods based on actual needs.

[0037] In some embodiments, the camera module 20 may further include a bracket 23, the optical transmission element 30 is fixed in the bracket 23, and the lens 21 and the image sensor 22 are fixedly connected to the bracket 23 by gluing or other means.

[0038] As shown in FIG3 , in some embodiments, the axis of the lens 21 and the axis of the image sensor 22 are substantially parallel to each other. The optical transmission element 30 is configured to bend the optical path by 180°. A light entrance area 311 of the optical transmission element 30, which receives light from the lens 21, and a light exit area 312 of the optical transmission element 30, which emits light toward the image sensor 22, may face the same side. In some embodiments, the light entrance area 311 is located corresponding to the light exit side of the lens 21 and receives light from the lens 21. The light exit area 312 is located corresponding to the photosensitive surface of the image sensor 22 and emits light from the optical transmission element 30 toward the image sensor 22. In some embodiments, the light entrance area 311 and the light exit area 312 are coplanar, and the plane in which the light entrance area 311 and the light exit area 312 lie is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the lens 21 and the axis of the image sensor 22.

[0039] It should be noted that the optical transmission element 30 can bend the optical path by 180°, allowing the lens 21 and the image sensor 22 to be located on the same side of the optical transmission element 30. This allows the lens 21 and the image sensor 22 to at least partially overlap along the optical axis of the lens 21. This helps reduce the size of the camera module 20 in the thickness direction of the electronic device 10 and compresses the space occupied by the camera module 20 in the thickness direction of the electronic device 10. In the present application, the axis of the image sensor 22 can be perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the image sensor 22.

[0040] In some embodiments, the optical transmission element 30 is configured to transmit light from the lens 21 to the image sensor 22 after at least three reflections, which is beneficial to extend the propagation path of the light at the rear end of the lens 21, so that the optical transmission element 30 can adapt to the telephoto design of the lens 21, and realize a periscope design while obtaining sufficient optical magnification to compress the space occupied by the camera module 20.

[0041] In some embodiments, the optical transmission element 30 has a first reflective surface 32, a second reflective surface 33, and a light-transmitting surface 31. A light-entering region 311 and a light-emitting region 312 are both located on the light-transmitting surface 31. In other words, different regions of the light-transmitting surface 31 face the lens 21 and the image sensor 22, respectively. Both the first reflective surface 32 and the second reflective surface 33 are arranged obliquely relative to the light-transmitting surface 31. The projection of the first reflective surface 32 on the light-transmitting surface 31 covers the light-entering region 311, while the projection of the second reflective surface 33 on the light-transmitting surface 31 covers the light-emitting region 312. At least a portion of the light from the lens 21 enters the optical transmission element 30 from the light entrance region 311 and strikes the first reflective surface 32. The first reflective surface 32 is capable of reflecting at least a portion of the light striking the first reflective surface 32 onto the light-transmitting surface 31. The light-transmitting surface 31 is capable of reflecting at least a portion of the light reflected from the first reflective surface 32 onto the light-transmitting surface 31 onto the second reflective surface 33. The second reflective surface 33 is capable of reflecting at least a portion of the light reflected from the light-transmitting surface 31 onto the second reflective surface 33 toward the light-exiting region 312. As a result, at least a portion of the light exits the optical transmission element 30 from the light-exiting region 312 and strikes the image sensor 22. As described above, the light-transmitting surface 31 may be substantially perpendicular to the axis of the lens 21 and the axis of the image sensor 22.

[0042] In some embodiments, the angles between the first reflective surface 32 and the second reflective surface 33 and the light-transmitting surface 31 are both greater than or equal to 25° and less than or equal to 35°, for example, 32.5°. This configuration improves the efficiency and accuracy of light reflection by the first reflective surface 32, the second reflective surface 33, and the light-transmitting surface 31, thereby enabling the optical transmission element 30 to smoothly deflect the light path by 180°.

[0043] The optical transmission element 30 in this embodiment is capable of reflecting at least a portion of light three times before it is directed onto the image sensor 22. This makes the optical transmission element 30 suitable for the telephoto design of the lens 21. Through its periscope design, the camera module 20 can be configured with the telephoto lens 21 while simultaneously reducing its thickness relative to the electronic device 10. For example, this makes it suitable for lenses 21 with magnifications ranging from 2x to 4x (equivalent focal lengths of approximately 40mm to 90mm). When the lens 21 of the camera module 20 has a higher magnification, the optical transmission element 30 can further refract light a greater number of times, further extending the light's propagation path within the optical transmission element 30 and accommodating the telephoto design of the lens 21.

[0044] It should be noted that the first reflective surface 32 and the second reflective surface 33 may be connected to each other, meaning that the optical transmission element 30 may be roughly shaped like a triangular prism. Referring to Figure 3 , in some embodiments, the optical transmission element 30 may also have a bottom surface 34 connecting the first reflective surface 32 and the second reflective surface 33. The bottom surface 34 faces away from the light-transmitting surface 31, for example, the bottom surface 34 is roughly parallel to the light-transmitting surface 31. In this case, the cross-section of the optical transmission element 30 may be roughly shaped like an isosceles trapezoid. Of course, the bottom surface 34 should be positioned outside the effective field of view of the first reflective surface 32 and the second reflective surface 33 to avoid affecting the normal imaging of the camera module 20. The bottom surface 34 of the optical transmission element 30 may be formed by sectioning the triangular prism or directly during the injection molding process. Without compromising the imaging quality of the camera module 20, the provision of the bottom surface 34 can reduce the size of the optical transmission element 30 along the optical axis of the lens 21, compared to using a triangular prism as the optical transmission element 30, thereby further reducing the size of the camera module 20 along the thickness of the electronic device 10.

[0045] In some embodiments, the optical transmission element 30 may be made of, but not limited to, glass or plastic. The refractive index of the optical transmission element 30 may be between 1.5 and 1.9, effectively deflecting the light path and achieving a periscope design for the camera module 20. For example, the optical transmission element 30 may be made of glass, and the refractive index of the optical transmission element 30 may be 1.61.

[0046] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, in some embodiments, the optical transmission element 30 further comprises two end surfaces disposed opposite each other, connected to the ends of the light-transmitting surface 31, the first reflective surface 32, and the second reflective surface 33, respectively. A bottom surface 34 is connected to the two end surfaces. The bottom surface 34 defines an extinction groove 341. The direction from the bottom surface 34 toward the light-transmitting surface 31 can be considered the depth of the extinction groove 341. The extinction groove 341 extends along the line connecting the two end surfaces. In some embodiments, the opposing sidewalls of the extinction groove 341 can be covered with a light-absorbing film 35, such as ink. When the opposing sidewalls of the extinction groove 341 are connected by an arcuate surface, the light-absorbing film 35 can also cover the arcuate surface connecting the two sidewalls.

[0047] The optical transmission element 30 has a light entrance area 311 and a light exit area 312 disposed on the light transmission surface 31, such that the light transmission surface 31 is substantially perpendicular to the thickness of the electronic device 10. When the areas of the light entrance area 311 and the light exit area 312 need to be increased to increase the aperture of the camera module 20, the optical transmission element 30 is primarily increased in a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the electronic device 10, without increasing its size in the thickness direction of the electronic device 10. This facilitates a larger aperture and a smaller footprint for the camera module 20. Furthermore, a light extinction groove 341 is disposed on the bottom surface 34, and light-absorbing film layers 35 are disposed on opposite sidewalls of the light extinction groove 341. These grooves block and absorb light outside the clear aperture, reducing stray light and interference light components in the optical transmission element 30 and improving image quality. In some embodiments, the bottom surface 34 may also be configured as a diffuse reflective surface such as a frosted surface, or a light-absorbing film layer 35 may be provided to absorb the light incident on the bottom surface 34 , which is also beneficial for suppressing the generation of stray light.

[0048] In some embodiments, the opposing side walls and the curved bottom wall of the extinction groove 341 can be configured as diffusely reflective surfaces, such as frosted or atomized surfaces. Providing a diffusely reflective surface on the extinction groove 341 can scatter light incident on the side walls and bottom wall of the extinction groove 341, thereby reducing the light's brightness and making it more easily absorbed by the light-absorbing film 35. This also helps reduce the brightness of stray light or interference light not absorbed by the light-absorbing film 35, thereby reducing the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0049] The two opposing edges of the light-transmitting surface 31 may be connected to the first reflective surface 32 and the second reflective surface 33, respectively. Referring to Figures 3 and 5 , in some embodiments of the present application, chamfers 36 are provided at the transitions between the light-transmitting surface 31 and the first reflective surface 32, as well as at the transitions between the light-transmitting surface 31 and the second reflective surface 33. The surfaces formed by the chamfers 36 may be inclined or perpendicular to the light-transmitting surface 31. Compared to a case where the first reflective surface 32 and the second reflective surface 33 are directly connected to the light-transmitting surface 31, the provision of the chamfers 36 can prevent the ends of the optical conductive element 30 from being too sharp and fragile, thereby reducing the risk of chipping of the sharp corners of the optical conductive element 30 due to scratches during production or assembly.

[0050] In some embodiments, the chamfers 36 between the light-transmitting surface 31 and the first reflective surface 32, as well as between the light-transmitting surface 31 and the second reflective surface 33, may also be covered with a light-absorbing film 35. The material of the light-absorbing film 35 includes, but is not limited to, a material with excellent light-absorbing properties, such as ink. The light-absorbing film 35 at the chamfers 36 absorbs light incident on the chamfers 36, preventing light from reflecting there and generating stray light. This also helps reduce interference and stray light components in the camera module 20, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera module 20.

[0051] 3 and 6 , it can be understood that the areas on the first and second reflective surfaces 32 and 33 that are used to reflect light so that it can participate in the imaging of the camera module 20 can be considered the reflective areas of the first and second reflective surfaces 32 and 33. At least a portion of the light that strikes the reflective areas of the first and second reflective surfaces 32 and 33 can be reflected and ultimately strike the image sensor 22 to participate in the imaging of the camera module 20. In some embodiments, portions of the first and second reflective surfaces 32 and 33 outside the reflective areas may also be provided with a light-absorbing film layer 35. Therefore, it can be understood that the light-absorbing film layer 35 on the first reflective surface 32 encloses and defines the reflective area of ​​the first reflective surface 32, and the light-absorbing film layer 35 on the second reflective surface 33 encloses and defines the reflective area of ​​the second reflective surface 33.

[0052] To increase the reflectivity of light on the first and second reflective surfaces 32 and 33, thereby improving light utilization and imaging quality of the camera module 20, in some embodiments, a reflective film 37 may be provided on the reflective regions of the first and second reflective surfaces 32 and 33. The reflective film 37 may increase the reflectivity of light on the reflective regions of the first and second reflective surfaces 32 and 33. The reflective film 37 may include, but is not limited to, a metal film layer having good reflective properties, such as a silver coating.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the light-transmitting surface 31 is provided with a generally annular light-absorbing region. A light-entry region 311 and a light-exit region 312 are both located within the light-absorbing region. The light-entry region 311 and the light-exit region 312 may be adjacent or spaced apart within the light-absorbing region. In some embodiments, the light-absorbing region may also be provided with a light-absorbing film 35 . The material of the light-absorbing film 35 includes, but is not limited to, a material with excellent light-absorbing properties, such as ink. The light-absorbing film 35 on the light-transmitting surface 31 absorbs light that is incident from outside the optical transmission element 30 onto the light-absorbing region, i.e., incident outside the light-entry region 311 and the light-exit region 312 . This prevents light from reflecting or entering the optical transmission element 30, thereby reducing stray light in the camera module 20 and improving the imaging quality of the camera module 20.

[0054] In some embodiments, the portion of the light-transmitting surface 31 corresponding to the light-absorbing region is configured as a diffusely reflective surface, such as a frosted or a matte surface. This configuration can scatter light incident on the light-absorbing region, reducing its brightness. This not only facilitates absorption by the light-absorbing film 35 but also reduces the brightness of light reflected from the light-absorbing region, thereby reducing the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0055] In some embodiments, the optical transmission element 30 further includes an anti-reflection film (not shown) covering the light entrance region 311 and the light exit region 312. The anti-reflection film may cover the area enclosed by the light absorption region. The anti-reflection film can improve the transmittance of light from the lens 21 through the light-transmitting surface 31, as well as the transmittance of light from the optical transmission element 30 to the image sensor 22 through the light-transmitting surface 31, thereby improving light utilization and enhancing image brightness.

[0056] In some embodiments, the camera module 20 may also include an infrared filter 24, which may be disposed between the optical transmission element 30 and the image sensor 22. The infrared filter 24 may be used to filter out interference light to prevent the interference light from reaching the image sensor 22 and affecting the normal imaging of the camera module 20.

[0057] It will be appreciated that the diffusely reflective surface and light-absorbing film 35 in the above-described embodiment are primarily used to suppress the formation of stray light along the light transmission path of the optical transmission element 30, namely, to suppress stray light reflected from the light-transmitting surface 31, the first reflective surface 32, and the second reflective surface 33. When stray light from the environment, particularly stray light with a wider field of view and brighter light than the scene or object being captured by the camera module 20, enters the optical transmission element 30 from the light entrance area 311 and strikes the two end surfaces of the optical transmission element 30, the light may also be reflected from the two end surfaces to form stray light. This stray light then strikes the image sensor 22 from the light exit area 312, affecting the imaging quality of the camera module 20.

[0058] To suppress stray light generated at the two end surfaces of the optical transmission element 30, in some embodiments, at least one end surface of the optical transmission element 30 is configured as a light extinction surface 38. The light extinction surface 38 is located on at least one of two opposite light propagation directions within the optical transmission element 30. The light propagation direction within the optical transmission element 30 may be along a path in which light travels from the light incident region 311 to the first reflective surface 32, is reflected from the first reflective surface 32 to the light transmission surface 31, is reflected from the light transmission surface 31 to the second reflective surface 33, and then travels from the second reflective surface 33 to the light exit region 312. The light extinction surface 38 includes a first deflecting surface 381 and a second deflecting surface 382, ​​which are arranged sequentially in a first direction 39. The first deflecting surface 381 and the second deflecting surface 382 are inclined relative to each other, and in a direction away from the first reflective surface 32, the inclination direction of the first deflecting surface 381 is opposite to the inclination direction of the second deflecting surface 382. For example, when only one end surface is configured as the matte surface 38, the distance between the first deflecting surface 381 and the other end surface gradually decreases, while the distance between the second deflecting surface 382 and the other end surface gradually increases in the first direction 39. The first direction 39 can be parallel to the geometric center of the light incident area 311 and point toward the geometric center of the light exit area 312, and can also be parallel to the axis of the lens 21 and point toward the axis of the image sensor 22.

[0059] When the optical transmission element 30 is used to transmit at least a portion of light incident from the light entrance area 311 to the light exit area 312 for emission, thereby achieving the effect of deflecting the light path, the optical transmission element 30 is provided with an extinction surface 38 on at least one end of the light-transmitting surface 31, the first reflective surface 32, and the second reflective surface 33. The first deflecting surface 381 and the second deflecting surface 382 of the extinction surface 38 are capable of deflecting stray light incident thereon, causing the stray light to deflect away from the light exit area 312, thereby reducing the risk of stray light being transmitted to the light exit area 312. This reduces the stray light component in the light emitted from the light exit area 312 of the optical transmission element 30, thereby improving the imaging quality of the light transmitted through the optical transmission element 30.

[0060] FIG4 uses three light rays incident on the extinction surface 38 at different angles as an example. If the optical transmission element 30 does not have an extinction surface 38, for example, if the two end surfaces of the optical transmission element 30 are two substantially parallel planes, light rays incident on the end surface of the optical transmission element 30 at the same angle as light rays A and B may be reflected by the end surface, forming stray light. This stray light then travels from the light exit area 312 to the image sensor 22, affecting the imaging quality of the camera module 20. However, if the end surface is configured as an extinction surface 38, when light ray A strikes the first deflecting surface 381, the normal of light ray A is altered by the first deflecting surface 381, causing the reflected angle to change and deviate from the light exit area 312. This reduces the probability of light ray A being reflected by the extinction surface 38 to reach the light exit area 312. Similarly, when light B strikes the second deflecting surface 382, ​​the angle of light B reflected from the second deflecting surface 382 is also changed, deviating from the light exit area 312, thereby reducing the probability of light B being reflected from the extinction surface 38 to the light exit area 312. By reducing the probability of light striking the extinction surface 38 being reflected to the light exit area 312, the probability of light reflected from the extinction surface 38 striking the image sensor 22 is reduced, thereby reducing the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0061] In some embodiments, both end surfaces of the optical transmission element 30 may be configured as extinction surfaces 38. The two first deflecting surfaces 381 are inclined relative to each other, and the two second deflecting surfaces 382 are also inclined relative to each other. In a first direction 39 (i.e., from the light incident area 311 to the light exit area 312), the distance between the two first deflecting surfaces 381 gradually decreases, while the distance between the two second deflecting surfaces 382 gradually increases. In other words, in a direction away from the first reflective surface 32, each first deflecting surface 381 is inclined toward the other first deflecting surface 381, and each second deflecting surface 382 is inclined away from the other second deflecting surface 382. By designing the inclination directions of the first and second deflecting surfaces 381, 382 can effectively deflect light away from the light exit area 312, thereby effectively reducing the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0062] It should be noted that the proportion of the first deflection surface 381 and the second deflection surface 382 on the extinction surface 38 is not limited, as long as the impact of stray light on imaging quality can be effectively reduced. In some embodiments, the first deflection surface 381 and the second deflection surface 382 can be connected to form the entire extinction surface 38. Referring to Figure 4, in some embodiments, the extinction surface 38 may further include a first connecting surface 383 and a second connecting surface 384. The first connecting surface 383 is located between the first reflective surface 32 and the first deflection surface 381, and the two ends of the first connecting surface 383 can connect the first reflective surface 32 and the first deflection surface 381. The second connecting surface 384 is located between the second reflective surface 33 and the second deflection surface 382, ​​and the two ends of the second connecting surface 384 can connect the second reflective surface 33 and the second deflection surface 382. The first connecting surface 383 and the second connecting surface 384 can be coplanar, and the first connecting surfaces 383 of the two extinction surfaces 38 can be substantially parallel. The first deflection surface 381 and the second deflection surface 382 are both inclined relative to the first connecting surface 383 and the second connecting surface 384. Because less light strikes the areas of the extinction surfaces 38 near the first and second reflecting surfaces 32 and 33, or because light striking the areas of the extinction surfaces 38 near the first and second reflecting surfaces 32 and 33 is less likely to be reflected to the light exit area 312 due to the limited incident angle, designating the areas of the extinction surfaces 38 near the first and second reflecting surfaces 32 and 33 as the first connecting surface 383 and the second connecting surface 384 simplifies the manufacturing process of the optical transmission element 30, reduces processing difficulty, and enhances the structural strength of the optical transmission element 30. This also facilitates the support between the optical transmission element 30 and other components, such as the bracket 23.

[0063] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments, the end of the first deflection surface 381 away from the first connecting surface 383 is inclined relative to the first connecting surface 383 toward the side close to the other first deflection surface 381, and the end of the second deflection surface 382 away from the second connecting surface 384 is inclined relative to the second connecting surface 384 toward the side close to the other second deflection surface 382.

[0064] In some embodiments, the angle α between the first deflecting surface 381 and the first connecting surface 383 is greater than or equal to 3° and less than or equal to 20°, and may be, for example, 3°, 5°, 15°, or 20°. The angle β between the second deflecting surface 382 and the second connecting surface 384 is greater than or equal to 3° and less than or equal to 20°, and may be, for example, 3°, 5°, 15°, or 20°. By designing the inclination direction and inclination angle of the first deflecting surface 381 and the second deflecting surface 382, ​​the first deflecting surface 381 and the second deflecting surface 382 can deflect light away from the light exit area 312, thereby reducing the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0065] It is understood that light rays incident on different locations on the extinction surface 38 typically have different angles of incidence and different probabilities of being reflected into the light exit area 312. Specifically, providing an inclined surface in the middle of the extinction surface 38 along the first direction 39 reduces the light deflection effect. To enhance the stray light suppression effect of the middle portion of the extinction surface 38, in some embodiments, the extinction surface 38 may further include an extinction structure 385. The extinction structure 385 is located between the first deflecting surface 381 and the second deflecting surface 382, ​​for example, approximately in the middle of the extinction surface 38 in the first direction 39. As shown in FIG4 , the provision of the extinction structure 385 can further deflect light rays refracted by the extinction structure 385, causing the light rays to be dissipated by multiple reflections within the extinction structure 385 or to deviate from the light exit area 312, thereby effectively suppressing the impact of stray light on imaging quality. For example, light ray C shown in FIG4 undergoes two reflections within the extinction structure 385 and deviates from the light exit area 312.

[0066] In some embodiments, the light-reflecting structure 385 includes a first light-reflecting surface 3851, a second light-reflecting surface 3852, and a third light-reflecting surface 3853. The first light-reflecting surfaces 3851 of the two light-reflecting structures 385 are disposed opposite each other and may be substantially parallel to the first connecting surface 383 and the second connecting surface 384. The second light-reflecting surface 3852 and the third light-reflecting surface 3853 are connected to the ends of the first light-reflecting surface 3851 and disposed opposite each other. The second light-reflecting surface 3852 faces the first reflective surface 32, and the third light-reflecting surface 3853 faces the second reflective surface 33. Both the second light-reflecting surface 3852 and the third light-reflecting surface 3853 may be substantially perpendicular to the first connecting surface 383 and the second connecting surface 384. Providing three light-reflecting surfaces can enhance the light-reflecting capability of the light-reflecting structure 385, enabling the light-reflecting structure 385 to effectively reflect and dissipate light multiple times, or to effectively deflect light from the light-emitting area 312 through multiple reflections.

[0067] In some embodiments, the maximum dimension of the light-exposing structure 385 (dimension N shown in FIG. 4 ) in the first direction 39 is less than or equal to 1 / 5 of the maximum dimension of the optical-conducting element 30 (dimension O shown in FIG. 4 ). In other words, the ratio of the dimension of the light-exposing structure 385 to the dimension of the light-transmitting surface 31 in the first direction 39 is less than or equal to 1 / 5. In some embodiments, the maximum distance between the second light-reflecting surface 3852 and the first light-reflecting surface 32 (dimension M shown in FIG. 4 ) is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 of the maximum dimension of the optical-conducting element 30 (dimension O shown in FIG. 4 ) and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum dimension of the optical-conducting element 30. The maximum distance between the third light-reflecting surface 3853 and the second light-reflecting surface 33 is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 of the maximum dimension of the optical-conducting element 30 and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum dimension of the optical-conducting element 30. In other words, in the first direction 39, the size of the first connecting surface 383 and the first deflecting surface 381 on the light-transmitting surface 31 accounts for 1 / 3-1 / 2, and in the first direction 39, the size of the second connecting surface 384 and the second deflecting surface 382 on the light-transmitting surface 31 accounts for 1 / 3-1 / 2. When the extinction structure 385 is located in the middle of the extinction surface 38 in the first direction 39, the maximum distance between the second reflecting surface 3852 and the first reflecting surface 32 can be equal to the maximum distance between the third reflecting surface 3853 and the second reflecting surface 33. Satisfying the above relationship allows for the size ratio and position range of the extinction structure 385 on the extinction surface 38 in the first direction 39 to be appropriately configured to correspond to the path of stray light entering the extinction surface 38, thereby effectively reducing the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0068] In some embodiments, the matte structure 385 protrudes from the plane where the first connecting surface 383 and the second connecting surface 384 are located. In the direction perpendicular to the first connecting surface 383, the maximum dimension of the matte structure 385 (dimension W shown in FIG4 ) is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the distance between the two first connecting surfaces 383 (dimension Q shown in FIG4 ). As a result, the dimension of the matte structure 385 in the direction perpendicular to the first connecting surface 383 can be reasonably designed, that is, the height dimension of the matte structure 385 is reasonably configured so that the matte structure 385 has sufficient height to reflect the light incident on the matte structure 385 multiple times, effectively reducing the impact of stray light on imaging quality. At the same time, the height of the matte structure 385 is not too large, which is conducive to compressing the size of the camera module 20.

[0069] As shown in FIG5 , in some embodiments, when the bottom surface 34 is provided with an extinction groove 341 and the extinction surface 38 is provided with an extinction structure 385, the extinction groove 341 extends through both extinction surfaces 38. The extinction groove 341 may be provided within the range corresponding to the extinction structure 385, and the extinction groove 341 extends through a portion of the extinction structure 385. As shown in FIG7 , in other embodiments, the extinction groove 341 may also be provided outside the extinction structure 385. In the direction from the bottom surface 34 to the light-transmitting surface 31, the extinction structure 385 covers a portion of the extinction surface 38 and avoids the extinction groove 341. In other words, the extinction structure 385 may be located on the side of the bottom wall of the extinction groove 341 facing away from the bottom surface 34. The simultaneous provision of the extinction groove 341 and the extinction structure 385 can effectively suppress the generation of stray light and reduce the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0070] 4 , 8 , 9 , and 10 , in some embodiments, at least a portion of the matte surface 38 is covered with a plurality of sequentially arranged matte microstructures 386. The matte microstructures 386 may cover only the first deflection surface 381 and the second deflection surface 382, ​​or may cover the entire matte surface 38. The plurality of matte microstructures 386 are adjacently arranged and sequentially arranged along a first direction 39. The matte microstructures 386 include interconnected first and second tooth surfaces 3861, 3862, at least one of which is inclined relative to the surface on which it is disposed, while the other is inclined relative to or perpendicular to the surface on which it is disposed. For example, at least one of the first and second tooth surfaces 3861, 3862 of the matte microstructures 386 disposed on the first deflection surface 381 is inclined relative to the first deflection surface 381, while the other is inclined relative to or perpendicular to the first deflection surface 381. In the first direction 39, the second tooth surface 3862 of the extinction microstructure 386 can be connected to the first tooth surface 3861 of the next extinction microstructure 386. The extinction microstructure 386 can form a light trap, causing light incident on the extinction microstructure 386 to be dissipated by multiple reflections within the extinction microstructure 386, thereby suppressing the generation of stray light. Combined with the arrangement of the extinction surface 38, the impact of stray light on imaging quality is effectively reduced. Of course, Figures 8 and 9 are merely schematic diagrams illustrating the arrangement of the extinction microstructures 386. In practice, the extinction microstructures 386 can be arranged in the first direction 39 along the first connecting surface 383, the first deflecting surface 381, the second reflective surface 3852, the first reflective surface 3851, the third reflective surface 3853, the second deflecting surface 382, ​​and the second connecting surface 384.

[0071] In some embodiments, the angle between the second tooth surface 3862 and the surface on which it is located (angle θ shown in Figure 10) is greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 90°, and the angle between the first tooth surface 3861 and the second tooth surface 3862 (angle γ shown in Figure 10) is greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 90°, so that at least one of the first tooth surface 3861 and the second tooth surface 3862 is inclined to the surface on which it is located, and the other is inclined or perpendicular to the surface on which it is located, which is conducive to multiple reflections of light and enhances the effect of suppressing stray light.

[0072] Referring to Figure 11, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 10 may include a radio frequency (RF) circuit 501, a memory 502 including one or more computer-readable storage media, an input unit 503, a display unit 504, a sensor 505, an audio circuit 506, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) module 507, a processor 508 including one or more processing cores, and a power supply 509. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure of the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 11 does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 10, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0073] The radio frequency circuit 501 can be used to send and receive information, or receive and send signals during a call. In particular, after receiving downlink information from the base station, it is handed over to one or more processors 508 for processing; in addition, uplink data is sent to the base station. Generally, the radio frequency circuit 501 includes but is not limited to an antenna, at least one amplifier, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, etc. In addition, the radio frequency circuit 501 can also communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication. The wireless communication can use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System of Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), etc.

[0074] The memory 502 can be used to store applications and data. The applications stored in the memory 502 include executable code. The applications can be composed of various functional modules. The processor 508 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the applications stored in the memory 502. The memory 502 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, applications required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the electronic device 10 (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 502 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device. Accordingly, the memory 502 may also include a memory controller to provide the processor 508 and the input unit 503 with access to the memory 502.

[0075] The input unit 503 can be used to receive input digital, character information or user feature information (such as fingerprints), and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal input related to user settings and function control. Specifically, in a specific embodiment, the input unit 503 may include a touch-sensitive surface and other input devices. The touch-sensitive surface, also known as a touch display or touchpad, can collect user touch operations on or near it (such as operations performed by the user using a finger, stylus or any other suitable object or accessory on or near the touch-sensitive surface) and drive the corresponding connection device according to a pre-set program. Optionally, the touch-sensitive surface may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. The touch detection device detects the user's touch direction and detects the signal generated by the touch operation, and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives the touch information from the touch detection device, converts it into touch point coordinates, and then sends it to the processor 508. It can also receive commands sent by the processor 508 and execute them.

[0076] The display unit 504 can be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user, as well as various graphical user interfaces of the electronic device 10. These graphical user interfaces can be composed of graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof. The display unit 504 may include a display panel. Optionally, the display panel can be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or the like. Furthermore, a touch-sensitive surface can cover the display panel. When the touch-sensitive surface detects a touch operation on or near it, it transmits the information to the processor 508 to determine the type of touch event. The processor 508 then provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel based on the type of touch event. Although in Figure 11, the touch-sensitive surface and the display panel are implemented as two independent components to implement input and output functions, in some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface and the display panel can be integrated to implement input and output functions. It is understood that the display screen 110 can include an input unit 503 and a display unit 504.

[0077] The electronic device 10 may also include at least one sensor 505, such as a light sensor, a motion sensor, and other sensors. Specifically, the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor, wherein the ambient light sensor may adjust the brightness of the display panel according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor may turn off the display panel and / or backlight when the electronic device 10 is moved to the ear. As a type of motion sensor, the gravity acceleration sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in all directions (generally three axes), and can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary. It can be used for applications that recognize the posture of the mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, tapping), etc.; as for other sensors that the electronic device 10 can also be configured with, such as gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors, etc., they will not be described in detail here.

[0078] The audio circuit 506 can provide an audio interface between the user and the electronic device 10 via a speaker and microphone. The audio circuit 506 can convert received audio data into electrical signals, transmit them to the speaker, and then convert them into sound signals for output. The microphone, on the other hand, converts collected sound signals into electrical signals, which are received by the audio circuit 506 and converted into audio data. The audio data is then processed by the processor 508 and then transmitted to, for example, another electronic device 10 via the RF circuit 501. Alternatively, the audio data can be output to the memory 502 for further processing. The audio circuit 506 may also include an earphone jack to provide communication between an external earphone and the electronic device 10.

[0079] Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) is a short-range wireless transmission technology. Electronic device 10, through WiFi module 507, can help users send and receive emails, browse web pages, and access streaming media, providing users with wireless broadband Internet access. Although FIG11 shows WiFi module 507, it is understood that it is not a required component of electronic device 10 and can be omitted as needed without changing the essence of the invention.

[0080] The processor 508 is the control center of the electronic device 10. It connects the various components of the electronic device 10 using various interfaces and circuits. By running or executing applications stored in the memory 502 and accessing data stored in the memory 502, it performs various functions of the electronic device 10 and processes data, thereby providing overall monitoring of the electronic device 10. Optionally, the processor 508 may include one or more processing cores. Preferably, the processor 508 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor primarily processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily handles wireless communications. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 508.

[0081] The electronic device 10 also includes a power supply 509 for supplying power to various components. Preferably, the power supply 509 can be logically connected to the processor 508 via a power management system, thereby enabling the power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption. The power supply 509 can also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator, and other arbitrary components.

[0082] Although not shown in FIG11 , the electronic device 10 may further include a Bluetooth module, etc., which will not be described in detail here. In specific implementations, the above modules may be implemented as independent entities or in any combination as the same or multiple entities. The specific implementation of the above modules can be found in the previous method embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0083] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0084] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical transmission element, characterized in that: The optical transmission element comprises a light-transmitting surface, a first reflecting surface, and a second reflecting surface, wherein the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are inclined relative to the light-transmitting surface, the light-transmitting surface has a light-entry area and a light-exiting area, and the optical transmission element is configured to reflect at least part of the light incident on the light-entry area sequentially by the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface, and emit the light from the light-exiting area; The optical transmission element further includes an extinction surface, which is located on at least one of two sides of opposite light propagation directions within the optical transmission element and is used to deflect at least part of the light incident from the optical transmission element onto the extinction surface, so that at least part of the light deviates from the light exit area. The extinction surface includes a first deflection surface and a second deflection surface, which are arranged sequentially in a direction from the light incident area to the light exit area, and the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface are inclined to each other.

2. The optical transmission element according to claim 1, wherein The optical transmission element is provided with two extinction surfaces, which are respectively located on two sides of the optical transmission element in opposite directions of light propagation. In the direction away from the first reflection surface, the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface are inclined in opposite directions. The two first deflection surfaces are inclined to each other, and the two second deflection surfaces are inclined to each other.

3. The optical transmission element according to claim 2, characterized in that In the direction away from the first reflecting surface, each first deflecting surface is inclined toward the side where the other first deflecting surface is located. In the direction away from the first reflecting surface, each second deflecting surface is inclined toward a direction away from the other second deflecting surface.

4. The optical transmission element according to claim 2, wherein: The extinction surface also includes a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface, the first connecting surface is located between the first reflecting surface and the first deflecting surface, the second connecting surface is located between the second deflecting surface and the second reflecting surface, the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are coplanar, and the first deflecting surface and the second deflecting surface are both inclined to the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface.

5. The optical transmission element according to claim 4, characterized in that One end of the first deflection surface away from the first connecting surface is inclined relative to the first connecting surface toward a side close to the other first deflection surface, and one end of the second deflection surface away from the second connecting surface is inclined relative to the second connecting surface toward a side close to the other second deflection surface.

6. The optical transmission element according to claim 4, characterized in that An included angle between the first deflection surface and the first connecting surface is greater than or equal to 3° and less than or equal to 20°, and an included angle between the second deflection surface and the second connecting surface is greater than or equal to 3° and less than or equal to 20°.

7. The optical transmission element according to claim 4, characterized in that The matt surface is further provided with a matt structure, and the matt structure is located between the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface.

8. The optical transmission element according to claim 7, characterized in that The matte structure has a first reflecting surface, a second reflecting surface and a third reflecting surface. The first reflecting surfaces of the two matte structures are arranged opposite to each other, the second reflecting surface and the third reflecting surface are connected to the two ends of the first reflecting surface and are arranged opposite to each other, the second reflecting surface faces the first reflecting surface, and the third reflecting surface faces the second reflecting surface.

9. The optical transmission element according to claim 8, characterized in that In the direction from the light incident area to the light exit area, the maximum size of the extinction structure is less than or equal to 1 / 5 of the maximum size of the optical transmission element; In the direction from the light incident area to the light exit area, the maximum distance between the second reflecting surface and the first reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 of the maximum size of the optical conductive element and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum size of the optical conductive element, and the maximum distance between the third reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 of the maximum size of the optical conductive element and less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the maximum size of the optical conductive element.

10. The optical transmission element according to claim 7, characterized in that The matte structure protrudes from the plane where the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are located; In a direction perpendicular to the first connecting surfaces, a maximum size of the matte structure is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of a distance between two first connecting surfaces.

11. The optical transmission element according to claim 7, characterized in that The optical transmission element is configured to reflect at least part of the light incident into the light incident area through the first reflection surface, the light transmitting surface, and the second reflection surface in sequence, and emit it from the light exit area. The optical transmission element also has a bottom surface, which is located between the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface and is arranged opposite to the light transmitting surface. The bottom surface is provided with an extinction groove, and the extinction groove passes through the extinction surface.

12. The optical transmission element according to claim 11, characterized in that In the direction from the bottom surface to the light-transmitting surface, the matt structure covers part of the matt surface and avoids the matt groove; or, the matt groove passes through the matt structure.

13. The optical transmission element according to claim 1, wherein At least a portion of the matte surface is covered with a plurality of sequentially arranged matte microstructures, wherein the matte microstructures include a first tooth surface and a second tooth surface connected to each other, and at least one of the first tooth surface and the second tooth surface is inclined to the surface on which it is located.

14. The optical transmission element according to claim 1, wherein The projection of the first reflective surface on the light-transmitting surface covers the light-entering area, and the projection of the second reflective surface on the light-transmitting surface covers the light-exiting area.

15. The optical transmission element according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical transmission element has a bottom surface connecting the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface, and the bottom surface is opposite to the light-transmitting surface.

16. The optical transmission element according to claim 1, wherein The included angles between the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface and the light-transmitting surface are both greater than or equal to 25° and less than or equal to 35°, and the refractive index of the optical transmission element is 1.5-1.

9.

17. A camera module, characterized in that: The optical transmission element comprises a lens, an image sensor, and the optical transmission element according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the lens and the image sensor are both arranged on one side of a light-transmitting surface of the optical transmission element, and the lens is opposite to a light-entering area of ​​the light-transmitting surface, and the image sensor is opposite to a light-exiting area of ​​the light-transmitting surface.

18. The camera module according to claim 17, wherein: The axis of the lens is parallel to the axis of the image sensor, and the plane where the light entrance area and the light exit area are located is perpendicular to the axis of the lens and the axis of the image sensor.

19. The camera module according to claim 17, wherein: The lens and the image sensor overlap at least partially in the axial direction of the lens.

20. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a shell and a camera module as described in any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the camera module is arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with a light inlet, and the light inlet is arranged corresponding to the light incident side of the lens.

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