Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: a terminal device receives from a network device first indication information instructing to send uplink data; the terminal device sends first uplink data; when the transmission of the first uplink data fails, the terminal device initiates random access; alternatively, the terminal device receives from the network device second indication information indicating that the transmission of the first uplink data is successful; and the terminal device sends second uplink data, the second uplink data comprising a second portion of a terminal device identifier, and the first uplink data comprising a first portion of the terminal device identifier. On the basis of the solution, the transmission delay of uplink data is reduced.

Description

Communication method and device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on March 28, 2024, with application number 202410385156.X and application name “Communication Method and Device,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to communication methods and devices. Background Art

[0003] Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a contactless, automatic identification technology. RFID systems typically consist of a reader and a tag. The reader can also send signals to page or select the tag, instructing the tag to initiate access for uplink data transmission and other operations.

[0004] To prevent access failures and uplink data transmission failures caused by a large number of tags, the current RFID access process uses a random number to determine its access timing and waits until its access timing arrives before initiating access, thereby reducing access collisions between tags. However, this access method results in a long waiting time for tags, which in turn increases uplink data transmission latency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication method and apparatus, which reduce uplink data transmission delay.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that implements all or part of the terminal device's functions. The method includes: receiving first indication information indicating the transmission of uplink data; optionally, the first indication information can also be used to select or page a terminal device to transmit the first uplink data; initiating random access if the first uplink data transmission fails; or receiving second indication information indicating the success of the first uplink data transmission; transmitting second uplink data, the second uplink data including the second portion of the terminal device identifier, and the first uplink data including the first portion of the terminal device identifier.

[0008] Based on this solution, after receiving the first indication information indicating the sending of uplink data, the terminal device directly sends the first uplink data without waiting for the access opportunity. Moreover, in the case of failure in the transmission of the first uplink data, the terminal device initiates random access again, and can send the uplink data without waiting for a long access opportunity, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is low. At the same time, it is designed that after the uplink data transmission fails, the terminal device is triggered to fall back from directly sending uplink data to random access, that is, to fall back some access opportunities before sending the uplink data, thereby reducing the transmission collision of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is high.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the random access includes contention resolution random access or non-contention resolution random access.

[0010] This implementation designs possible random access modes. Contention-based random access resolves conflicts and reduces uplink data collisions, while non-contention-based random access reduces access latency and signaling overhead. In other words, contention-based random access achieves a higher uplink data transmission success rate, while non-contention-based random access reduces uplink data transmission latency.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the method may further include: receiving third indication information indicating a first timing; in this case, sending the first uplink data includes: sending the first uplink data at the first timing.

[0012] In this implementation, a mechanism is designed to indicate the first timing for sending the first uplink data. The network device can clearly know when there are fewer collisions when transmitting the first uplink data, and indicate it to the terminal device. The terminal device then sends the first uplink data at the first timing specified by the network device, thereby sending the uplink data at a timing with fewer data collisions and improving the success rate of uplink data transmission.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method may further include: receiving first information; in this case, sending the first uplink data may include: sending the first uplink data if the first information meets a preset condition. Optionally, the first information includes the number of access time resources of the terminal device, and the first information meeting the preset condition includes: the number of access time resources is less than a first preset threshold.

[0014] In this implementation, the network device indicates the first information to the terminal device, and the terminal device can determine whether to skip contention resolution and directly send the first uplink data based on the first information, thereby improving the success rate of uplink data transmission.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the failure of the first uplink data transmission includes: the first uplink data transmission timeout, or the fourth indication information indicating the success of the first uplink data transmission is not received within the preset time, or the number of first uplink data transmissions exceeds the second preset threshold, or the fifth indication information indicating the failure of the first uplink data transmission is received.

[0016] In this implementation, several possible scenarios of first uplink data transmission failure are designed to expand the scope of application of the scenarios. When any of the above scenarios is met, random access can be initiated.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device.

[0018] In this implementation, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device. This reduces the transmission overhead of the first uplink data when there is uncertainty about whether the uplink data can be successfully transmitted. Furthermore, contention (conflict) resolution can be performed based on the partial identification information, eliminating the need to generate a random number specifically for contention resolution and reducing the complexity of contention resolution.

[0019] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the network device, or by a logic module or software that implements all or part of the network device's functions. The method includes: sending first indication information, the first indication information indicating the transmission of first uplink data; responding to random access if reception of the first uplink data fails; or sending second indication information, the second indication information indicating the successful transmission of the first uplink data; and receiving second uplink data, the second uplink data including the second portion of the terminal device identifier and the first uplink data including the first portion of the terminal device identifier.

[0020] Optionally, the first indication information may also be used to select or page a terminal device.

[0021] Based on this solution, after receiving the first indication information indicating the sending of uplink data, the terminal device directly sends the first uplink data without waiting for the access opportunity. Moreover, in the case of failure in the transmission of the first uplink data, the terminal device initiates random access again, and can send the uplink data without waiting for a long access opportunity, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is low. At the same time, it is designed that after the uplink data transmission fails, the terminal device is triggered to fall back from directly sending uplink data to random access, that is, to fall back some access opportunities before sending the uplink data, thereby reducing the transmission collision of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is high.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the random access includes: contention resolution random access, or non-contention resolution random access.

[0023] This implementation designs possible random access modes. Contention-based random access resolves conflicts and reduces uplink data collisions, while non-contention-based random access reduces access latency and signaling overhead. In other words, contention-based random access achieves a higher uplink data transmission success rate, while non-contention-based random access reduces uplink data transmission latency.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: sending third indication information, where the third indication information indicates a first timing for sending the first uplink data.

[0025] In this implementation, a mechanism is designed to indicate the first timing for sending the first uplink data. The network device can clearly know when to transmit the first uplink data with fewer collisions and indicate it to the terminal device. The terminal device then sends the first uplink data at the first timing, and the uplink data transmission success rate is higher.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: sending first information, where the first information includes the number of access time resources of the terminal device.

[0027] In this implementation, the network device indicates the first information to the terminal device, and the terminal device can determine whether to skip contention resolution and directly send the first uplink data based on the first information, thereby improving the success rate of uplink data transmission.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the failure of the first uplink data transmission includes: the first uplink data transmission times out, or the fourth indication information is not sent within the preset time, the fourth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful, or the number of first uplink data transmissions exceeds the second preset threshold, or the fifth indication information is sent, and the fifth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission fails.

[0029] In this implementation, several possible scenarios of first uplink data transmission failure are designed. When any of the above scenarios is met, random access can be initiated.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device.

[0031] In this implementation, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device. This reduces the transmission overhead of the first uplink data when there is uncertainty about whether the uplink data can be successfully transmitted. Furthermore, contention (conflict) resolution can be performed based on the partial identification information, eliminating the need to generate a random number specifically for contention resolution and reducing the complexity of contention resolution.

[0032] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that implements all or part of the terminal device's functions. The method includes: the terminal device receives first indication information from a network device indicating the transmission of uplink data, and the terminal device sends the first uplink data to the network device. The terminal device receives access timing indication information from the network device. The terminal device sends second uplink data to the network device.

[0033] Based on this solution, after receiving the first indication information from the network device instructing to send uplink data, the terminal device directly sends the first uplink data and then sends the second uplink data. The uplink data can be sent without waiting for a long access opportunity, which reduces the sending delay of the uplink data and improves the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is low.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided. This method can be performed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the network device. It can also be implemented by a logic module or software that implements all or part of the network device's functions. The method includes: the network device sends first indication information to a terminal device. The network device receives first uplink data. The network device sends access timing indication information to the terminal device. The network device receives second uplink data from the terminal device.

[0035] Based on this solution, after receiving the first indication information from the network device instructing it to send uplink data, the terminal device directly sends the first uplink data and then sends the second uplink data. This allows the uplink data to be sent without waiting for a long access opportunity, reducing the uplink data transmission delay and improving the uplink data transmission efficiency under conditions with a low collision probability. A fallback mechanism is also designed to trigger the terminal device to fall back from directly sending uplink data to random access after uplink data transmission fails. This mechanism means that uplink data will be sent after a certain number of access opportunities have been rolled back. The access opportunity indication information indicates the terminal device the access opportunity to fall back to, reducing uplink data transmission collisions and improving uplink data transmission efficiency under conditions with a high collision probability.

[0036] In a fifth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that implements all or part of the terminal device's functions. The method includes: the terminal device receiving first indication information from a network device, the terminal device receiving access cycle trigger information from the network device, and the terminal device receiving access timing indication information from the network device.

[0037] At this time, based on the difference in the first indication information, there are two possible designs for the uplink data transmission mode. In one design, the method further includes: the terminal device sending a random number to the network device, the terminal device receiving contention resolution indication information from the network device, and the terminal device sending uplink data to the network device based on the contention resolution indication information. In another design, the method further includes: the terminal device sending uplink data to the network device.

[0038] Based on this solution, the network device instructs the terminal device whether to adopt non-contention solution random access or contention solution random access to transmit uplink data, so that the terminal device can flexibly use non-contention solution random access or contention solution random access to transmit uplink data, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of uplink data.

[0039] In a sixth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the network device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the network device's functions. The method includes: the network device sending first indication information, the network device sending access cycle trigger information, and the network device sending access timing indication information.

[0040] At this time, based on the difference in the first indication information, there are two possible designs for the uplink data transmission mode. In one design, the method further includes: the network device receiving a random number from the terminal device, the network device sending contention resolution indication information to the terminal device, and the network device receiving uplink data from the terminal device. In another design, the method further includes: the network device receiving uplink data from the terminal device.

[0041] Based on this solution, the network device instructs the terminal device whether to adopt non-contention solution random access or contention solution random access to transmit uplink data, so that the terminal device can flexibly use non-contention solution random access or contention solution random access to transmit uplink data, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of uplink data.

[0042] In a seventh aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the network device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the network device's functions. The method includes: sending first information, the first information including the number of access time resources of the terminal device, and the first information is used to determine whether to send uplink data.

[0043] Based on this solution, the network device indicates the first information to the terminal device, and the terminal device can determine whether to send uplink data based on the first information, thereby improving the success rate of uplink data transmission.

[0044] In an eighth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. The method includes receiving first information, the first information including the number of access time resources of the terminal device, and determining whether to send uplink data based on the first information.

[0045] Based on this solution, the network device indicates the first information to the terminal device, and the terminal device can determine whether to send uplink data based on the first information, thereby improving the success rate of uplink data transmission.

[0046] In a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided for implementing various methods. The communication device may be a terminal device as described in the first, third, fifth, or eighth aspects, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system; or the communication device may be a network device as described in the second, fourth, sixth, or seventh aspects, or a device included in the network device, such as a chip or a chip system. When the device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip alone, or may include a chip and other discrete components.

[0047] The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the implementation method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or hardware executing corresponding software implementation. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions.

[0048] In some possible designs, the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. The processing module may be used to implement the processing functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The transceiver module, also referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement the sending and / or receiving functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The transceiver module may be composed of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.

[0049] In some possible designs, the transceiver module includes a sending module and / or a receiving module, which are used to implement the sending or receiving functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementation methods.

[0050] In a tenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is configured to communicate with a module external to the communication device; and the processor is configured to execute a computer program or instruction to cause the communication device to perform the method described in any one of the aspects. The communication device may be a terminal device as described in the first, third, fifth, or eighth aspects, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system; or the communication device may be a network device as described in the second, fourth, sixth, or seventh aspects, or a device included in the network device, such as a chip or a chip system. When the device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip or may include a chip and other discrete components.

[0051] In an eleventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor; the processor is configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in a memory, so that the communication device performs the method described in any one of the aspects. The memory may be coupled to the processor, or the memory may exist independently of the processor, for example, the memory and the processor are two independent modules. The memory may be located externally or internally of the communication device.

[0052] The communication device may be a terminal device as described in the first, third, fifth, or eighth aspects, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system; or the communication device may be a network device as described in the second, fourth, sixth, or seventh aspects, or a device included in the network device, such as a chip or a chip system. When the device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip alone, or may include a chip and other discrete components.

[0053] In a twelfth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a communication device, the communication device can execute the method described in any one of the aspects.

[0054] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute the method described in any one of the aspects.

[0055] It can be understood that when the communication device provided in any one of aspects 9 to 13 is a chip, the sending action / function of the communication device can be understood as output information, and the receiving action / function of the communication device can be understood as input information.

[0056] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any design method in aspects 9 to 13 can refer to the technical effects brought about by different design methods in aspects 1 to 8, and will not be repeated here.

[0057] In a fourteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the network device described in the above aspect and the terminal device described in the above aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication link between a reader and a tag in a distributed architecture provided by this application;

[0059] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of an inventory access provided by this application;

[0060] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another inventory access process provided by the present application;

[0061] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided by the present application;

[0062] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication system provided by the present application;

[0063] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system provided by the present application;

[0064] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication system provided by the present application;

[0065] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system provided by the present application;

[0066] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication system provided by the present application;

[0067] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system provided by the present application;

[0068] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the present application;

[0069] FIG12 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by the present application;

[0070] FIG13 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0071] FIG14 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0072] FIG15 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0073] FIG16 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0074] FIG17 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0075] FIG18 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0076] FIG19 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0077] FIG20 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0078] FIG21 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0079] FIG22 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application;

[0080] FIG23 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by the present application;

[0081] FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0083] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, "more than one" refers to two or more, "at least two (items)" refers to two or three and more than three, and "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple. It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A. For example, B can be determined based on A. It should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B based solely on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information. In addition, the "connection" in the embodiments of the present application refers to various connection methods, such as direct connection or indirect connection, to achieve communication between devices, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any limitation on this.

[0084] Unless otherwise specified, the "transmission" (transmit / transmission) appearing in the embodiments of the present application refers to bidirectional transmission, including the actions of sending and / or receiving. Specifically, the "transmission" in the embodiments of the present application includes the sending of data, the receiving of data, or the sending of data and the receiving of data. In other words, the data transmission here includes uplink and / or downlink data transmission. Data may include channels and / or signals, uplink data transmission is uplink channel and / or uplink signal transmission, and downlink data transmission is downlink channel and / or downlink signal transmission. The "network" and "system" appearing in the embodiments of the present application express the same concept, and the communication system is the communication network.

[0085] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, a brief introduction to the relevant technologies of the present application is first given as follows.

[0086] Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is a contactless automatic recognition technology. The main application scenario of RFID is identity recognition, and it can also be used for data reading and writing. RFID systems usually include a reader and a tag. The reader reads the information from the tag or writes the information that the tag needs to store into the tag. The reader and the tag communicate contactlessly. The function of the tag is simple and requires the stimulation of the reader to send information. That is, the tag converts the wireless signal sent by the reader into energy and uses this energy to drive itself to work. The tag supports microwatt or hundreds of microwatt power consumption and cannot support complex designs.

[0087] Tags have the following characteristics:

[0088] 1. The tag design is simple, with the application layer and air interface signaling mixed together;

[0089] 2. The tag supports microwatt or 100-microwatt power consumption and cannot support complex designs or measurements.

[0090] 3. When communicating with multiple tags, time division multiplexing is used, and multiple tags are read serially. This does not support the distinction between frequency domain and code domain, resulting in poor parallel performance.

[0091] Tags are RFID tags. Tags can be divided into passive tags, semi-active tags, and active tags. The power consumption of different types of tags is described as follows:

[0092] Passive tags: Power consumption is around 1 microwatt (μW). Passive tags have no energy storage capacity, and all energy for receiving and transmitting signals comes from the reader's RF energy. Uplink transmission relies on reflection communication, requiring the reader to send a carrier signal to trigger the passive tag to send a reflected signal, which then uses RF energy to transmit the uplink signal to the reader.

[0093] Semi-passive tags: Power consumption is around 100 μW. Compared to passive tags, semi-passive tags can store some energy (for example, using capacitors), so their transmission power consumption can be higher than that of passive tags. They also rely on reflection communication, but their communication capabilities (such as transmission rate) are stronger than those of passive tags.

[0094] Active tags: Power consumption is around 50 milliwatts (mW). Active tags have their own batteries and can actively send signals. They do not rely on reflected signals to communicate, and have stronger communication capabilities.

[0095] A reader / writer is a device with reading and writing functions, for example, it can be a device that reads or writes tag information. Alternatively, a reader / writer can be understood as a device that communicates with a tag. Exemplarily, in a separate architecture, as shown in FIG1 , a reader can include a helper and a receiver. Among them, the link from the helper to the tag can be called a forward link or downlink, the link from the tag to the receiver can be called a reverse link or uplink, the link from the receiver to the helper can be called a forward downlink, and the link from the helper to the receiver can be called a forward uplink. In this application, a helper can also be called an excitation source.

[0096] In RFID, readers can perform operations such as tag selection, inventory, and access. The selection operation selects one or a group of tags for inventory and access. Inventory can be understood as the process by which a reader identifies a tag. Access can be understood as the interaction between a reader and a tag. Tags must be identified by the reader before they can be accessed.

[0097] For example, the process of selecting, inventorying, and accessing tags by a reader can be shown in FIG2 . Referring to FIG2 , the process includes the following steps:

[0098] S201: The reader sends a select command, which can be used to select one or a group of tags.

[0099] Exemplarily, the select command may include memory information, and the tag whose data stored in the storage area indicated by the memory information is consistent with the mask value is the tag selected by the select command. The mask value may be indicated in the select command.

[0100] For example, the select command may include the following fields: Command field, Target field, Action field, MemBank field, Pointer field, Length field, Mask field, Truncate field, and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) field.

[0101] Command field: When its value is 1010, it indicates that the command is the select command.

[0102] Target field: indicates whether the select command is used to change the state of the select flag (SL) bit or the inventory flag (Inventoried) bit.

[0103] The inventory flag has four types (or sessions), each corresponding to two states: State A and State B. The inventory flag of a tag currently being inventoried flips its state to prevent the same tag from being identified multiple times during an inventory round. SL includes two states: declared and undeclared.

[0104] Action field: Used to indicate the change strategy of the SL or inventory flag status. Tags paged by the reader can change the status of the SL or inventory flag according to this strategy.

[0105] MemBank field, Pointer field, and Length field: collectively indicate the above memory information.

[0106] Mask field: indicates the Mask value.

[0107] Truncate field: Instructs the tag to return part or all of the electronic product code (EPC).

[0108] CRC field: used to carry CRC.

[0109] In one embodiment, the reader can also send a paging command to select one or a group of tags. The content design of the paging command can refer to the relevant technology and will not be described in detail.

[0110] S202: The reader sends a Query command.

[0111] Among them, the Query command can indicate a certain type of inventory flag bit (that is, Sx, x can be 0, 1, 2, or 3) and its status X (X can be A or B), indicating that the reader-writer selects the inventory flag bit Sx with the status X in the tag to participate in the inventory access. The Query command can also indicate the inventory period Q, which can be used to determine when the tag executes S203.

[0112] Query can also be called Access round indication / trigger.

[0113] For multiple tags selected by the reader / writer, inventory access is performed through time division multiplexing, that is, after the reader / writer ends the inventory access to one tag, it starts the inventory access to the next tag. The following steps take inventory access to one tag as an example.

[0114] S203: The tag sends a random number (RN) A. Exemplarily, the random number A may be a 16-bit random number (RN16).

[0115] If a tag matches the selection of the reader / writer, or is a tag selected by the reader / writer, and the status of the inventory flag bit Sx of the tag is consistent with the status of the inventory flag bit Sx indicated by the Query command, then after receiving the Query command, the tag can generate a random number B according to the inventory period Q indicated by the Query command. For example, the value range of the random number B is 0 to 2. Q -1. After that, the tag decrements the random number B by 1 each time it receives a QueryRep command. When the random number B is decremented to 0, the tag sends the random number A.

[0116] In addition, after receiving the Query command, the tag can flip the state of the inventory flag Sx. For example, when X is A, the tag updates the state of the inventory flag Sx from A to B.

[0117] S204: If the reader successfully receives the random number A, it sends an acknowledgment (ACK) message, which includes the random number A.

[0118] After the tag receives the confirmation message carrying the random number A sent by itself within the specified time, the tag may execute the following step S205.

[0119] S205: The label sends the electronic product code (EPC).

[0120] Optionally, after step S205, the reader / writer can send instructions to the tag, perform operations such as reading or writing on the tag, and interact with the tag. After receiving the instruction, the tag can respond to the instruction. EPC can also be called electronic product code.

[0121] QueryRep may also be referred to as a (next) access occasion indication / trigger; RN (16) may also be referred to as a random access ID (identifier); and ACK may also be referred to as an access ID response, without limitation.

[0122] After completing the inventory access for the current tag, the reader can send a QueryRep command to begin inventory access for the next tag. Upon receiving the QueryRep command, the tag that matches the QueryRep command can flip the state X of the inventory flag Sx indicated by the QueryRep command. For example, if X is A, the tag updates the state of inventory flag Sx from A to B. A tag that matches the QueryRep command means that the type of inventory flag participating in the inventory access is the same as the type of inventory flag indicated by the QueryRep command.

[0123] With the diversification of communication needs and the development of communication technologies, the use of RFID technology in cellular networks has become an important research direction. For example, step S201 in the process shown in Figure 2 can be used for the paging process in a cellular network. Steps S202-S204 in the process shown in Figure 2 can be used for the random access process in a cellular network. Step S205 and the access operation described above can also be used as a data transmission process in a cellular network.

[0124] With the development of communication technology, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has defined the ambient internet of things (A-IoT) technology. A-IoT technology is an extremely low-power, low-complexity IoT technology. The A-IoT in A-IoT technology includes network devices and first-class terminal devices. In other words, the A-IoT-based communication system includes network devices and first-class terminal devices. The network devices and first-class terminal devices can communicate contactlessly, thereby reading information from the first-class terminal devices and / or writing information to be stored in the first-class terminal devices.

[0125] The first type of terminal device can be a device with tag functionality. The network device can be a device with reader / writer functionality. The A-IoT-based communication system is built on the cellular network communication infrastructure. For example, taking the first type of terminal device as a tag and the network device as a reader / writer, the A-IoT communication system includes readers / writers and tags. Both readers / writers and tags can be implemented based on the infrastructure of the cellular network. In other words, readers / writers and tags can be devices in the cellular network. For example, the network device can be a base station in the cellular network. The tag can be an extremely low-power, low-complexity IoT terminal in the cellular network.

[0126] The A-IoT technology defined by 3GPP can be understood as an extension of RFID within 3GPP. While it shares some principles with RFID, such as similar inventory management processes, 3GPP introduces more value-added scenarios. Specifically, A-IoT technology can be used to implement one or more of the following services: inventory management, positioning, sensing, and command. In terms of application scope, A-IoT technology can be applied in scenarios such as logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identity recognition, and environmental monitoring.

[0127] The following uses readers and tags as examples to explain the services enabled by A-IoT technology:

[0128] Inventory: Use a reader / writer to access tags within the coverage area. Tags that are successfully accessed will send their unique identification to the reader / writer. The inventory process, access and other processes are similar to the process shown in Figure 2. Specifically, the inventory process can be described in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 3 below.

[0129] Positioning: Use some positioning signals to locate the position of the tag.

[0130] Sensing: The tag reports sensor data to the base station, such as temperature data.

[0131] Command can be some operation instructions, such as write process or lock process. The write process: the reader sends a downstream command and data to instruct the tag to write the data into its own storage area (memory); the lock process: sends a downstream command to let the tag lock the location of the specified address in the storage area. The content of this storage area cannot be changed and / or cannot be read.

[0132] Terminal devices in A-IoT can be divided into three categories: passive tags, semi-passive tags, and active tags. The following takes the passive label as device A, the semi-passive label as device B, and the active label as device C as examples to explain these types of labels:

[0133] Device A: A type of tag with no energy storage, no independent signal generation / amplification, i.e. backscattering transmission.

[0134] Device B: Has energy storage, no independent signal generation, i.e., backscattering transmission. Use of stored energy can include amplification for reflected signals.

[0135] Device C: A type of tag that has energy storage and independent signal generation, i.e., active radio frequency (RF) components for transmission.

[0136] In an A-IoT-based communication system, the inventory service can be implemented by referring to the process shown in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 3, it can include:

[0137] S301: The reader sends a Select message to select one or a group of terminal devices.

[0138] S302: The reader sends a Query, carrying a Q value.

[0139] After receiving the query, the terminal device generates a random number between [0 and 2Q-1] based on the Q value. This number is recorded as the initial value of the counter. For example, if Q = 4, the terminal device generates a random number between [0 and 15] as the initial counter value. The counter is also called RO.

[0140] S303: The reader / writer repeatedly sends 2Q QueryReps.

[0141] Each time the terminal device receives a QueryRep, the Counter value decreases by one, and access is initiated when the Counter decreases to 0. It should be understood that each QueryRep can be regarded as an access time slot (or access opportunity).

[0142] S304. When the Counter of the terminal device is reduced to 0, RN16 is sent for contention resolution.

[0143] S305: The reader sends an ACK to the successfully connected terminal device, indicating that the contention is successfully resolved.

[0144] S306. The terminal device that successfully resolves the contention sends uplink data (UL data), such as EPC.

[0145] S307: If the reader successfully decodes the EPC, it returns an ACK.

[0146] At this point, the corresponding terminal device inventory process is completed, and QueryRep can continue to be sent to trigger the next terminal device to access.

[0147] It can be seen that when implementing inventory services in an A-IoT-based communication system, it is necessary to allocate 2^Q access opportunities in advance, then let each terminal device randomly select one and send a random number contention resolution when the selected access opportunity arrives. After the contention resolution is successful, the EPC is sent. The delay from the start of the process to the completion of uplink data transmission is relatively large.

[0148] Based on this, the present application provides a communication method in which a terminal device, upon receiving a downlink trigger message, feeds back uplink data, thereby improving data transmission efficiency when the collision probability is low. Furthermore, when the collision probability is high, the terminal device is designed to back off several time slots before sending the uplink data directly, thereby reducing collisions when transmitting uplink data between different terminal devices.

[0149] The technical solution provided in this application can be used in various communication systems, which may be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, such as a fourth generation (4G) long term evolution (LTE) system, a fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) system, a vehicle to everything (V2X) system, a system of hybrid networking of LTE and NR, or a device to device (D2D) system, a machine to machine (M2M) communication system, an Internet of Things (IoT), a passive IoT (PIoT), and other next generation communication systems. Alternatively, the communication system may also be a non-3GPP communication system, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN), without limitation.

[0150] Among them, the above-mentioned communication system applicable to the present application is only an example, and the communication system applicable to the present application is not limited to this. It is uniformly described here and will not be repeated below. The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0151] Referring to FIG4 , an exemplary communication system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The communication system includes a network device and at least one terminal device. The terminal device may be located within the coverage area provided by the network device. For example, different terminal devices may be located at different locations within the coverage area provided by the network device.

[0152] Optionally, the terminal device may be a passive terminal device, that is, the energy and carrier required for the terminal device to operate may be provided by the network device.

[0153] Optionally, the network device in this application can be used as a reader / writer, or the network device can realize the functions of a reader / writer. The terminal device can be used as a tag, or the terminal device can be a device including a tag.

[0154] Optionally, as a product form, the network device in this application can be an evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE or evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A), such as a traditional macro base station eNB and a micro base station eNB in ​​a heterogeneous network scenario; or it can be a next generation node B (gNodeB or gNB) in a 5G system; or it can be a transmission reception point (TRP); or it can be an access point (AP) in a WiFi system; or it can be a wireless relay node or a wireless backhaul node in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB), i.e., an IAB node; or it can be a device that implements base station functions in IoT, V2X, D2D, or M2M, and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this. When the reader is a base station, the communication between it and the terminal device is a uu interface, i.e., air interface communication.

[0155] For example, the base station (BS) in the embodiments of the present application may include various forms of base stations. As shown in FIG5(a), the base station may be a micro base station (Micro BS), which can communicate with a terminal device via a Uu interface; as shown in FIG5(b), the base station may be an AP, which can communicate with a terminal device via a sidelink (SL); as shown in FIG5(c), the base station may be an IAB node, which can communicate with a macro base station (Macro BS) via a Uu interface, and communicate with a terminal device via the Uu interface.

[0156] Optionally, some of the terminal devices in Figure 4 can also function as readers / writers, or the terminal devices can function as readers / writers. Other terminal devices besides the reader / writer can function as tags, or other terminal devices can be devices that include tags. In this case, communication between a reader / writer and other terminal devices can be considered data transmission between terminal devices. As shown in Figure 5 (d), terminal device 1 functions as a tag, and terminal device 2 functions as a reader / writer.

[0157] Optionally, as another product form, the network device in this application may include a network device 1 and a network device 2. The terminal device 1 serves as a tag, and the terminal device 2 serves as a reader / writer. As shown in (a) of FIG6 , an uplink can be established between the network device 1 and the terminal device 1, and an uplink and a downlink can be established between the network device 2 and the terminal device 2. Furthermore, an uplink and a downlink are established between the network device 1 and the terminal device 2. The terminal device 2 can send data / signaling to the terminal device 1. When the terminal device 1 needs to send data / signaling to the terminal device 2, the data / signaling can be sent to the terminal device 2 through the network device 1. Alternatively, as shown in (b) of FIG6 , a downlink can be established between the network device 1 and the terminal device 1, and an uplink and a downlink can be established between the network device 2 and the terminal device 2. Furthermore, an uplink and a downlink are established between the network device 1 and the terminal device 2. The terminal device 1 can send data / signaling to the terminal device 2. When the terminal device 2 needs to send data / signaling to the terminal device 1, the data / signaling can be sent to the terminal device 1 through the network device 1.

[0158] Optionally, the terminal device in this application may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile terminal (MT), user terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device, etc. The terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water (such as a ship, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as an airplane, a balloon, and a satellite, etc.).

[0159] The communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application may be an A-IoT communication system. As shown in (a) of FIG7 , the terminal device in the ambient Internet of Things (referred to as the ambient Internet of Things terminal device) directly communicates bidirectionally with the base station. The communication between the base station and the ambient Internet of Things terminal device includes ambient Internet of Things data (Ambient lot data) and / or signaling. The topology includes a base station that sends signaling to the ambient Internet of Things terminal device and a base station that receives signaling from the ambient Internet of Things terminal device, that is, there is uplink and downlink data / signaling between the base station and the ambient Internet of Things terminal device. Similarly, as shown in (b) of FIG7 , the ambient Internet of Things terminal device can also directly communicate bidirectionally with the terminal device. Exemplarily, the terminal device may be a wireless terminal in an IoT, V2X, D2D, M2M, 5G network, or a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN).

[0160] In one embodiment, in an A-IoT communication system, an AIoT terminal device functions as a tag, enabling bidirectional communication with a network device acting as a reader / writer via an intermediate node. For example, as shown in Figure 8, the AIoT terminal device and a base station communicate bidirectionally via an intermediate node. The intermediate node can be a relay, IAB node, or UE, enabling the AIoT. The intermediate node transmits AIoT data and / or signaling between the base station and the AIoT terminal device.

[0161] In one embodiment, in the A-IOT communication system, the environmental Internet of Things terminal device acts as a tag and performs one-way communication with the network device as a reader through an intermediate node (or auxiliary node), wherein the intermediate node can be a repeater, IAB, UE, etc., and these devices can realize the Internet of Things. For example, as shown in (a) in Figure 9, the environmental Internet of Things terminal device sends data / signaling to the base station, and the base station responds to the data / signaling sent by the environmental Internet of Things terminal device and sends data / signaling to the intermediate node, and then the intermediate node sends the received data / signaling to the environmental Internet of Things terminal device. Alternatively, as shown in (b) in Figure 9, the environmental Internet of Things terminal device receives data / signaling from the base station and sends data / signaling to the intermediate node, and the intermediate node sends the received data / signaling to the base station.

[0162] Optionally, as a product form, the terminal device can be, for example, a wireless terminal in IoT, V2X, D2D, M2M, 5G network, or a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN). Exemplarily, the terminal device may be a drone, an IoT device (e.g., a sensor, an electricity meter, a water meter, etc.), a V2X device, a station (STA) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with a wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device (also referred to as a wearable smart device), a tablet computer or a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical care, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a smart home, or a similar device. The present application does not specifically limit the terminals to mobile or fixed devices.

[0163] In one embodiment, the network device may be a network device in an open radio access network (O-RAN), for example, the network device may be one or more of an O-RAN Central Unit (O-CU), an O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU), or a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC). For example, the O-CU, O-DU, and RIC may be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network, or may be divided in other ways, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0164] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the communication system structure under an O-RAN network. As shown in Figure 10, the communication system includes RIC, O-CU, O-DU, O-RAN Radio Unit (O-RU) and terminal equipment. RIC includes near-real-time RIC (near-RT RIC) and non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC). The near-real-time RIC is used for model training and reasoning. For example, it is used to train artificial intelligence (AI) models and use the AI ​​models for reasoning. The near-real-time RIC can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from O-RAN nodes (such as O-CU, O-CU-CP, O-CU-UP, O-DU and / or O-RU) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or reasoning data. Optionally, the near-real-time RIC can submit the reasoning results to the O-RAN node and / or terminal. Optionally, the reasoning results can be exchanged between the O-CU and O-DU, and / or between the O-DU and O-RU. For example, the near real-time RIC delivers the inference results to the O-DU, which then sends them to the O-RU.

[0165] The non-real-time RIC is used for model training and reasoning. For example, it is used to train an AI model and use the model for reasoning. The non-real-time RIC can obtain information on the network side and / or the terminal side from the RAN node (such as O-CU, O-CU-CP, O-CU-UP, O-DU and / or O-RU) and / or the terminal. The information can be used as training data or reasoning data, and the reasoning result can be submitted to the RAN node and / or the terminal. Optionally, the reasoning results can be exchanged between the O-CU and the O-DU, and / or between the O-DU and the O-RU. For example, the non-real-time RIC submits the reasoning result to the O-DU, and the O-DU sends it to the O-RU.

[0166] The near-real-time RIC and non-real-time RIC can each be configured as a separate network element. Optionally, the near-real-time RIC and non-real-time RIC can also be part of other devices. For example, the near-real-time RIC is configured in a RAN node (e.g., an O-CU or O-DU), while the non-real-time RIC is configured in an operation administration and maintenance (OAM), a cloud server, a core network device, or other network devices.

[0167] In some embodiments, O-CU may be composed of an O-CU control plane (O-CU-CP) and an O-CU user plane (O-CU-UP). O-CU-CP is used to implement the functions of the RRC layer and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer. O-CU-UP is used to implement the functions of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer and the user plane functions of the PDCP layer.

[0168] O-DU: Based on low-layer functional segmentation, it is used to implement the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and Higher Physical Layer (Higher PHY) in the 3GPP standard. Among them, the high physical layer functions include one or more of the following: feedforward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding, scrambling / descrambling, or modulation / demodulation.

[0169] The O-RU is a low-level functional unit that implements the Lower Physical Layer (Lower PHY) and RF functions specified in the 3GPP standard. These lower physical layer functions include one or more of the following: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (iFFT), digital beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering. It is similar to a Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or Remote Radio Head (RRH) in 3GPP, but includes lower physical layer functions such as FFT / iFFT or PRACH extraction.

[0170] Optionally, during specific implementation, the terminal device or network device may adopt the composition structure shown in Figure 11, or include the components shown in Figure 11. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 700 provided by this application. The communication device 700 can be a terminal device or a chip or system on a chip in the terminal device; or it can be a network device or a module or chip or system on a chip in the network device.

[0171] As shown in FIG. 11 , the communication device 700 includes at least one processor 701 and at least one communication interface (FIG. 11 is only an example of including a communication interface 704 and a processor 701 for illustration). Optionally, the communication device 700 may also include a communication bus 702 and a memory 703.

[0172] Processor 701 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. Processor 701 can also be other devices with processing capabilities, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.

[0173] Communication bus 702 is used to connect the various components in communication device 700, enabling communication between them. Communication bus 702 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, for example. This bus can be categorized as an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and so on. For ease of illustration, FIG11 shows only one thick line, but this does not imply that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0174] Communication interface 704 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks. For example, the communication interface 704 may be a module, a circuit, a transceiver, or any device capable of realizing communication. Optionally, the communication interface 704 may also be an input and output interface located within the processor 701 to implement signal input and signal output of the processor.

[0175] The memory 703 may be a device with a storage function, used to store instructions and / or data, wherein the instructions may be computer programs.

[0176] Exemplarily, the memory 703 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and / or instructions, or a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and / or instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.

[0177] It should be noted that the memory 703 can exist independently of the processor 701 or can be integrated with the processor 701. The memory 703 can be located within the communication device 700 or outside the communication device 700, without limitation. The processor 701 can be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 703 to implement the methods provided in the following embodiments of the present application.

[0178] As an optional implementation, the communication device 700 may further include an output device 705 and an input device 706. The output device 705 communicates with the processor 701 and can display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 705 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. The input device 706 communicates with the processor 701 and can receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device 706 can be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.

[0179] It should be noted that the structure shown in FIG11 does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal device or network device. For example, in other embodiments of the present application, the terminal device or network device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or some components may be combined or separated, or the components may be arranged differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0180] The following will describe the method provided in the embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, taking the interaction between the network device and multiple terminal devices shown in FIG4 as an example.

[0181] It is understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also perform other operations or variations of various operations. In addition, the various steps may be performed in a different order than those presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application need to be performed.

[0182] It should be noted that the message names between the devices or the names of the parameters in the messages in the following embodiments of the present application are only examples. Other names may be used in specific implementations, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0183] For example, the methods provided in the following embodiments of this application can apply RFID technology to scenarios in A-IoT networks, or can be applied to scenarios where the reader has a large coverage area. Of course, this is only an example of the application scenario of this application, and the application scenario does not impose any limitation on this application, and this application does not specifically limit the application scenario of the method provided below.

[0184] As shown in FIG12 , a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0185] S121: The network device sends first indication information. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first indication information from the network device.

[0186] The first indication information instructs or triggers the terminal device to send uplink data. For example, the first indication information can be a select command or a paging command as described in the process shown in FIG2. In this case, the first indication information can also be interpreted as being used to select or page the terminal device.

[0187] Paging can also have the following possible alternative expressions, which are not limited: initial trigger / message, trigger message, downlink (DL) trigger / message, paging-like message. After the network device sends the first indication information, the terminal device within the coverage provided by the network device can receive the first signaling. This application is described by taking the terminal devices within the coverage range including the first terminal device and the second terminal device as an example.

[0188] The uplink data can be sent to the access network device or an entity that can receive A-IoT uplink messages, such as a reader entity (reader), etc., or it can be transparently transmitted by the base station to the core network device or server, where the core network device can be an access and mobility management function (AMF), or an environmental Internet of Things management function (A-IoT management function, A-IoTMF) or a logical network element (tag management function, TMF) or A-IoTF (A-IoT function), user plane function (UPF), application function (AF) and other 5G, 5.5G or 6G core network devices. Optionally, the uplink message can also be sent to the terminal device, or sent to the terminal device and forwarded to the access network device.

[0189] Exemplarily, uplink data may also be called uplink information / uplink message, or a message from a device to a reader / writer.

[0190] The content carried by the uplink data may include at least one of the following: storage area data (such as EPC, device identification (device ID), tag identification (tag ID), user data, encrypted data, keys, sensor data, written data, etc.), cache data (such as medium access control (MAC) cache data, radio link layer control protocol (RLC) or radio resource control layer (RRC) or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) cache data, uplink data to be transmitted, feedback (or response) message to downlink data (or downlink signaling, downlink message, etc.), data stored in register or memory, etc.), specific sequence (such as positioning sequence, scrambling sequence, etc.), or request message (such as authentication request, registration request, authentication request, etc.), etc.

[0191] Optionally, the uplink data can be encapsulated or carried in an RRC message, or a MAC message, or a NAS message, or an RLC, or an application layer (application layer) message, or an A-IoT-NAS message, or the like. The server can be an IoT server, a factory server, a user server, etc.

[0192] Uplink data may include EPC. For example, in one scenario, the terminal device needs to transparently transmit uplink data to the core network device through the access network device. In this case, the uplink data can be carried through a non-access stratum (NAS) message.

[0193] The first indication information may include one or more fields to achieve the corresponding indication function, without limitation.

[0194] Optionally, when the network device sends the first indication information may be triggered by a core network network element (such as an AMF, or an ambient IoT management function (AIoTMF) network element, etc.), for example, the core network network element sends a first service request message or a paging message to the network device, where the first service may be an inventory service, a command service, or a positioning service, etc. After the network device confirms the first service (request) message or the paging (request) message, it sends the first indication information.

[0195] Optionally, the first indication information may carry a type of command instructing the UE to perform an action. For example, the first instruction information may carry commands such as read, write, lock, and sensing. Furthermore, after receiving the first instruction information, the terminal device may respond accordingly in response to the naming carried in the first instruction information. Each command is introduced below.

[0196] Read command: The read command can include at least one of the following: the storage area location / type of the read data (such as user-defined area, EPC area, etc.), the length of the read data, and the starting byte of the read data. After receiving the read command, the terminal device needs to send the data content to the BS according to the instruction information.

[0197] Write command: The write command can include at least one of the following: the storage area location / type of the written data, the length of the written data, the starting byte of the written data, and the content of the written data. After receiving the write command, the terminal device writes the data content into the corresponding storage area based on the write naming. If the writing is successful, a response message indicating that the writing is successful is fed back to the network device.

[0198] Lock command: The lock command is also called the kill command. After receiving the lock command, the terminal device will no longer work. In other words, it will no longer respond to any messages.

[0199] Sensor command: The sensor command is similar to a read command. After receiving the sensor command, the terminal device can send the sensor data matching the sensor command to the network device.

[0200] S122: The first terminal device sends first uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first uplink data from the first terminal device.

[0201] Among them, after receiving the first indication information, the first terminal device can wait for a random access opportunity to implement random access when the first uplink data transmission fails. Exemplarily, the first uplink data sent by the first terminal device to the network device can be the complete device identification (device ID) of the first terminal device or a partial field in the device ID. For example, the device ID can include at least one of the following: EPC, Network Identifier (PLMN ID), Owner Identifier (Identify Enterprise), Owner defined ID, or Operator defined Device ID, etc.

[0202] If the device identity (ID) includes the aforementioned several types of IDs, part of the device ID may be a part of the several types of IDs.

[0203] If the device ID includes one of the above types of IDs, the partial device ID can be a partial field in one type of ID. For example, if the device ID is an EPC, the partial device ID can be the most significant byte / bit (MSB) or the least significant byte / bit (LSB) in the EPC.

[0204] For example, in one scenario, the terminal device needs to transparently transmit the first uplink data to the core network device through the access network device (i.e., the network device in step S122). At this time, the first uplink data can be carried through a non-access stratum (NAS) or application layer message.

[0205] In this application, random access opportunities may also be referred to as access opportunities, time slots, access resources, transmission opportunities, transmission resources, etc. The resources may be time domain and / or frequency domain and / or code domain resources, etc.

[0206] Optionally, the first terminal receives the first indication information and regards the current timing as its own access timing, corresponding to access timing 0.

[0207] The first uplink data may fail to be transmitted or may be successfully transmitted. In other words, the "network device receives the first uplink data from the first terminal device" in step S122 does not necessarily mean that the network device will successfully receive the first uplink data. The network device's attempt to receive the first uplink data can be regarded as the "network device receives the first uplink data from the first terminal device" in step S122.

[0208] Furthermore, when the first uplink data is transmitted based on contention resolution random access, the first uplink data transmission failure may also refer to contention resolution random access failure / incompleteness. When the first uplink data is transmitted based on non-contention random access, or non-contention random access failure / incompleteness.

[0209] The following first introduces the process design of the first uplink data transmission failure.

[0210] S123, the first uplink data transmission fails, and the first terminal device initiates random access.

[0211] Wherein, the first terminal device determines whether the transmission of the first uplink data has failed, and may determine it by itself or according to the information sent by the network device indicating whether the transmission of the first uplink data has failed. Exemplarily, the failure of the first uplink data transmission may include: the first uplink data transmission timeout, or the first terminal device does not receive the fourth indication information within the preset time, the fourth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful, or the number of first uplink data transmissions exceeds the second preset threshold, or the first terminal device receives the fifth indication information, and the fifth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission has failed.

[0212] Optionally, random access may be contention-based random access or contention-free random access. In one possible interpretation, contention-based random access may also be referred to as a contention-based access procedure, or contention resolution random access. Contention-free random access may also be referred to as a contention-free access procedure, or non-contention resolution random access, without limitation.

[0213] Optionally, the purpose of the first terminal device initiating random access is to retransmit the first uplink data again. The random access can be contention resolution random access or non-contention resolution random access. The non-contention resolution random access process may refer to the network device sending the first indication information to the terminal device again, so that the terminal device retransmits the first uplink data again. The specific process of non-contention resolution random access can refer to the embodiment corresponding to Figure 13 below. Contention resolution random access can refer to the terminal device determining an access opportunity to transmit the first uplink data again through a random number. The specific process of contention resolution random access can refer to the embodiment corresponding to Figure 14 below.

[0214] Optionally, whether the first terminal device adopts contention-based random access or non-contention-based random access can be determined based on an indication from a network device. For example, the network device can send information indicating the random access method to the first terminal device by unicast or broadcast, so that the first terminal device can determine whether to adopt contention-based random access or non-contention-based random access based on the indication from the network device. Alternatively, the random access method is predefined by the protocol, or is determined by the first terminal device based on some transmission parameters or current services. For example, the first terminal device can determine whether to adopt contention-based random access or non-contention-based random access based on the current coverage level. The higher the coverage level, the higher the tendency to adopt contention-based random access. The coverage level can be related to the transmission parameters. For example, the coverage level can be related to one or more of the following: number of bit repetitions, preamble length, bandwidth, code rate, coding method, channel coding, etc.

[0215] Uplink transmission parameters can be matched to the coverage level. In other words, different parameters are configured for good (near) and poor (far) coverage. The current coverage situation can be determined based on the transmission parameters. For example, selecting a longer preamble and / or increasing the number of bit repetitions can improve coverage.

[0216] In one embodiment, in addition to the failure of the first uplink data transmission, the first terminal device may also initiate random access based on other triggering conditions. For example, when the network device detects an increase in the number of terminals connected to it, the network device may instruct the first terminal device to initiate random access. The triggering conditions for the first terminal device to initiate random access are flexibly designed in the specific implementation and are not restricted.

[0217] In an embodiment of the present application, after receiving the first indication information indicating the sending of uplink data, the first terminal device directly sends the first uplink data without waiting for an access opportunity. Compared with the need to wait for 2^Q access opportunities before transmitting data, the transmission delay of the uplink data is reduced, and when the probability of collision at the time when the first terminal device sends the first uplink data is low, the probability of successful transmission of the first uplink data is high, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the probability of collision is low. At the same time, when the first uplink data transmission fails, it means that the probability of collision at the time when the first terminal device sends the first uplink data is high. At this time, the first terminal device can initiate random access, fall back from directly sending uplink data to random access, and send the uplink data after determining a new access opportunity (i.e., falling back some access opportunities) through random access, thereby reducing the transmission collision of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the probability of collision is high.

[0218] Optionally, before the above-mentioned "re-sending uplink data", some judgments can be made on whether to send it, for example, whether the number of retransmissions has reached the maximum, whether it has timed out, etc. If it is determined to be necessary, the uplink data can be sent again without restriction.

[0219] It should be noted that the above-mentioned "directly sending the first uplink data" may also include the processing delay of the terminal. For example, after receiving the first indication information, the first uplink data is sent after the processing delay T. It can also be understood that the first uplink data can be sent without receiving other downlink messages, without restriction.

[0220] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG13 , the non-contention resolution random access process, that is, S123 , may include:

[0221] S1231: The network device sends sixth indication information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the sixth indication information from the network device.

[0222] Among them, in the non-competitive resolution random access process, the sixth indication information can indicate transmission failure or indicate retransmission, etc. The function of the sixth indication information is similar to that of the first indication information, and is used to trigger the first terminal device to send the first uplink data to the network device.

[0223] S1232: The first terminal device re-sends the first uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first uplink data from the first terminal device.

[0224] After receiving the sixth indication information, the first terminal device can resend the first uplink data to the network device in response to the sixth indication information to implement non-contention resolution random access. This non-contention resolution random access allows the reselected transmission of the first uplink data, eliminating the need to wait for an access opportunity and allowing the uplink data to be directly sent, thereby ensuring the transmission of the uplink data with minimal delay.

[0225] In this application, for the terminal device, the non-contention resolution random access process shown in Figure 13 can be understood as a two-step uplink data transmission: receiving instruction information from the network device and sending uplink data.

[0226] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG14 , the contention resolution random access process, that is, S123 , may include:

[0227] S1234: The network device sends contention indication information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the contention indication information from the network device.

[0228] The contention indication information may indicate a terminal device that needs to perform a contention resolution random access procedure, such as a first terminal device. Optionally, the contention indication information may carry a complete device ID of the RN or terminal device, or a partial device ID of the terminal device, or other identification information that can indicate a terminal device, to designate the corresponding terminal device to perform contention resolution random access, rather than requiring all terminal devices that receive the contention indication information to perform contention resolution random access.

[0229] Optionally, the contention indication information may also be called fallback indication information, access mode switching indication information, or (random) access trigger indication information, etc., without limitation.

[0230] The present embodiment of the present application describes contention indication information from the perspective of using contention indication information to resolve a random access process. In addition, contention indication information can also be used in other scenarios, such as scenarios requiring fallback, scenarios requiring access mode switching, or scenarios requiring triggered (random) access, etc., without limitation.

[0231] It should be understood that the contention indication information may be carried in any downlink signaling message, or indicated in a separate downlink signaling message.

[0232] S1235: The first terminal device sends a temporary random identifier to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the temporary random identifier from the first terminal device.

[0233] After receiving the contention indication information and determining that the contention indication information indicates that the first terminal device needs to perform contention resolution random access, the first terminal device sends its own temporary random identifier to the network device. After receiving the temporary random identifier from the first terminal device, the network device can assign a contention resolution strategy to the first terminal device. Exemplarily, the contention resolution strategy can indicate when the first terminal device resends the first uplink data.

[0234] Exemplarily, the temporary random identifier may be a random number RN or a partial field in a device ID, etc.

[0235] S1236: The network device sends contention resolution indication information to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the contention resolution indication information from the network device.

[0236] The contention resolution indication information includes a contention resolution strategy allocated to the first terminal device. Exemplarily, the contention resolution indication information may be a terminal device contention resolution identity (UE contention resolution identity).

[0237] S1237, the first terminal device re-sends the first uplink data to the network device according to the contention resolution indication information.

[0238] Among them, the first terminal device resends the first uplink data, realizing contention resolution of random access. Through the contention resolution of random access, the first uplink data can be reselected and sent, thereby ensuring the transmission of the uplink data with less delay.

[0239] In the present application, in the random access initiation of contention resolution shown in FIG14 , uplink data transmission is implemented through four steps, namely, S1234, S1235, S1236, and S1237. Compared with the process shown in FIG13 , in which the network device and the terminal device implement uplink data transmission in two steps, namely, step S1231 and step S1232, it can be understood that the two-step uplink data transmission is switched to the four-step uplink data transmission. Accordingly, the contention indication information in S1234 can be understood as information indicating switching the access mode, indicating that the terminal device switches the two-step uplink data transmission to the four-step uplink data transmission.

[0240] In one embodiment, the network device and the terminal device currently use the four-step uplink data transmission described above. If the uplink data transmission fails, the four-step uplink data transmission can be switched to a two-step uplink data transmission to ensure the transmission of the uplink data with a small transmission delay. In this scenario, the network device can send a switching instruction information to the terminal device, instructing the terminal device to switch the two-step uplink data transmission to the four-step uplink data transmission.

[0241] In another embodiment, no matter how many steps of uplink data transmission the network device and the terminal device currently use, if the uplink data transmission fails at this time, the uplink data transmission of the current number of steps can be switched to uplink data transmission of another number of steps. For example, if the current uplink data transmission is two steps, it is switched to uplink data transmission of four steps. For another example, if the current uplink data transmission is four steps, it is switched to uplink data transmission of two steps. In this scenario, the network device can send a switching indication information to the terminal device, instructing the terminal device to switch the step of uplink data transmission. The switching indication information does not specify two steps or four steps, but instructs the terminal device to switch the uplink data transmission of the current number of steps to uplink data transmission of another number of steps.

[0242] In one embodiment, if the random access initiated by the terminal device causes the terminal device to switch from the uplink data transmission of the current step number A to the uplink data transmission of another step number B. After the terminal device uses step B for uplink data transmission for a period of time (which can be called a timer), it can switch back to step number A for uplink data transmission. The timer can be indicated to the terminal device by the network device (either unicast or broadcast) / predefined by the protocol / or determined by the terminal device based on some transmission parameters or current services. If the timer is indicated to the terminal device by the network device, the timer can be carried in any downlink signaling message or indicated separately. If defined by the protocol, it can be defined as multiple timer values, and the terminal device determines the specific timer value from the multiple timer values ​​based on some current transmission parameters. For example, the terminal device can determine it based on the current coverage level. The higher the coverage level, the longer the corresponding service duration, and the timer can be set to be longer. The coverage level can be related to the transmission parameters. For example, the coverage level can be related to one or more of the following: number of bit repetitions, preamble length, bandwidth, bit rate, encoding method, channel coding, etc. When the terminal device determines the timer based on some transmission parameters or the current service, similar to the protocol pre-defined timer, it determines the timer based on one or more of the following parameters: number of bit repetitions, preamble length, bandwidth, bit rate, encoding method, channel coding, etc. Alternatively, the timer can be determined based on the current service. For example, if the current service is a Class I service, the timer value is T1; if the current service is a Class II service, the timer value is T2.

[0243] In the embodiment of the present application, several possible random access modes are designed for initiating random access to resend the first uplink data when the first uplink data transmission fails. This allows selecting an appropriate random access mode to resend the first uplink data without waiting for an access opportunity. This improves the success rate of the first uplink data transmission while minimizing latency.

[0244] In one embodiment, the length of the temporary random identifier in step S1235 may also indicate (the indication may also be called mapping or association, etc.) the number of bits of subsequently transmitted uplink data (eg, first uplink data).

[0245] The temporary random identifier can be a random number RN or a partial field in the device ID, etc. For example, the temporary random identifier is 8 bits long, corresponding to 96 bits of uplink data. For another example, the temporary random identifier is 16 bits long, corresponding to 128 bits of uplink data.

[0246] Optionally, the temporary random identifier may be associated with the device ID or EPC or the total data length of the uplink data, and may indicate a specific number of bits or a transport block size (TBS), that is, directly indicating xx bits. Alternatively, an identifier index may be indicated, with different indices corresponding to different maximum numbers of bits, such as index = 1, indicating that the number of bits does not exceed 32 bits, index = 2 indicating that the number of bits does not exceed 64 bits, and so on. The mapping relationship between the index and the number of bits may be pre-agreed upon by the network device and the terminal device, or may be configured by protocol, and is not limited.

[0247] In the embodiment of the present application, the length of the temporary random identifier indicates the number of bits of the uplink data, and no additional network equipment and terminal equipment need to further agree on the number of bits of the uplink data, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0248] In an embodiment, the length of the temporary random identifier may not be associated with the number of bits of the uplink data. In this case, the uplink data may use a default number of bits (such as 96 bits or 128 bits).

[0249] The above Figures 13 and 14 describe the situation where the first uplink data transmission fails. The following describes the process where the first uplink data transmission succeeds based on Figure 15. In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 15, the method may further include:

[0250] S124, the network device sends second indication information to the first terminal device, and correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the second indication information from the network device.

[0251] If the network device successfully receives the first uplink data, it sends second indication information indicating that the first uplink data is successfully transmitted.

[0252] Optionally, the first uplink data may carry seventh indication information about the subsequent uplink data situation. For example, the seventh indication information may indicate that there is uplink data to be transmitted subsequently (that is, there is still second uplink data to be transmitted), and / or the seventh indication information may also indicate how many bits of uplink data are to be transmitted (that is, how many bits of the second uplink data are still there).

[0253] S125, the first terminal device sends the second uplink data to the network device, and correspondingly, the network device receives the second uplink data from the first terminal device.

[0254] After receiving the second indication information indicating that the first uplink data transmission was successful, the first terminal device sends the second uplink data. In this scenario, the complete uplink data is actually divided into two parts: the first uplink data and the second uplink data. For example, if the uplink data is a device ID, the first uplink data includes the first part of the device ID of the first terminal device, and the second uplink data includes the second part of the device ID of the first terminal device.

[0255] In the embodiment of the present application, a portion of the first uplink data is first transmitted to determine whether the uplink data can be successfully transmitted. If the uplink data is determined to be successfully transmitted, the remaining second uplink data is then transmitted. Through this segmented uplink data transmission mode, the remaining second uplink data is only transmitted when necessary, that is, when the uplink data can be successfully transmitted, thereby reducing the communication overhead of sending a large amount of uplink data in a single transmission.

[0256] In one embodiment, the terminal device may determine whether to send the first uplink data before sending the uplink data to improve the success rate of the first uplink data transmission. As shown in Figure 16, the method may also include:

[0257] S126, the network device sends the first information to the first terminal device; correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the first information from the network device.

[0258] The first information may be used to determine whether to send the first uplink data. Exemplarily, the first information may include the number of access time resources of the terminal device.

[0259] The first information may be carried in any downlink signaling message, or may be indicated separately, without limitation.

[0260] After the first terminal device receives the first information, it can determine whether to send the first uplink data based on the first information. That is, if the first information meets the preset conditions, S122 is executed.

[0261] The preset condition can be flexibly set. For example, the preset condition can be a condition regarding the number of access time resources. The greater the number of access time resources, the more terminal devices are simultaneously accessing the network device. In this case, if the terminal device directly sends uplink data, it is likely that the transmission will fail due to resource preemption between different terminal devices. Conversely, the fewer the number of access time resources, the fewer the terminal devices are simultaneously accessing the network device. In this case, the possibility of uplink data transmission failure caused by resource preemption between different terminal devices is smaller. Therefore, the first information that meets the preset condition can be set as: the number of access time resources is less than a first preset threshold.

[0262] Optionally, the terminal device may use the number of access time resources to determine when to send the first uplink data. Exemplarily, the number of access time resources may be referred to as Q. The terminal device may randomly select a number based on Q as the initial value of the counter. Each time an access round trigger is received, the counter is set to -1. If counter = 0, the first uplink data is sent.

[0263] As described above, step S126 can be combined with the steps provided in the embodiment of the present application to determine whether to execute step S122. In addition, step S126 can also be used alone to determine whether to send uplink data, without limitation.

[0264] In an embodiment of the present application, first information is set to determine whether to transmit the first uplink data. Based on the first information, the first terminal device can send the first uplink data only when the first information meets the preset conditions, which can improve the success rate of the first uplink data transmission.

[0265] In the above embodiments, the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced by taking the interaction between the first terminal device and the network device as an example. It should be understood that the second terminal device can implement the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application based on the same principle. The specific process can refer to the description of the interaction between the first terminal device and the network device in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0266] In addition, the present application also designs a scheme that triggers the terminal device to fall back from directly sending uplink data to random access after uplink data transmission fails, that is, to send uplink data after some access opportunities are rolled back to reduce uplink data transmission collisions, as shown in Figure 17. Figure 17 is a flow diagram of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, which includes the following steps:

[0267] S171: The network device sends first indication information. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first indication information from the network device.

[0268] The first indication information instructs the terminal device to send uplink data. For the description of the first indication information, please refer to the description of the first indication information in the embodiment shown in Figure 12, and no further details are given. After the network device sends the first indication information, the terminal devices within the coverage provided by the network device can receive the first signaling. This application is described by taking the terminal devices within the coverage range including the first terminal device and the second terminal device as an example.

[0269] S172: The first terminal device sends first uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first uplink data from the first terminal device.

[0270] The description of step S172 may refer to the description of step S122 in the embodiment shown in FIG12 , and will not be repeated here.

[0271] Optionally, if the first terminal device has other services besides the inventory service, such as read and write services, part of the device ID or RN of the first terminal device can be carried when sending the first downlink data to associate with the first terminal device.

[0272] S173: The network device sends access timing indication information to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the access timing indication information from the network device.

[0273] The access opportunity indication information may indicate when the first terminal device sends uplink data. The uplink data here may be first uplink data or second uplink data. The scenarios in which the type of uplink data is sent will be described after S173. Exemplarily, the access opportunity indication information may be an access occasion trigger, an access occasion indication, or a query.

[0274] Alternatively, the access timing indication information may indicate success or failure of the first uplink data transmission. Exemplarily, if the access timing indication information includes a temporary identifier of the terminal device, it indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful; if the access timing indication information does not include the temporary identifier of the terminal device, it indicates that the first uplink data transmission is failed. The temporary identifier may be the RN of the terminal device, or a partial field of the device ID of the terminal device, etc.

[0275] Optionally, the access timing indication information can also indicate the maximum number of backoff opportunities N, so that when the first terminal device needs a rollback opportunity, it can determine how many backoff opportunities are needed based on N. The fallback opportunity can be understood as the opportunity that the first terminal device needs to wait before sending uplink data. At this time, the signaling carrying the access timing indication information may be carried by a Query command or a QueryRep command.

[0276] For example, assuming that the maximum number of backoff opportunities N is equal to 5, the above access opportunity indication information is a Query command or a QueryRep command, and the random access opportunity begins when the terminal device receives the Query command or QueryRep command. At time t1, the first random access opportunity begins; at time t2, the second random access opportunity begins; and so on, at time t5, the fifth random access opportunity begins.

[0277] Optionally, after receiving the maximum number of backoff opportunities N, the terminal device can select one of the random access opportunities, for example, choose to initiate random access at the nth random access opportunity, where n can be a positive integer from 1 to N. Afterwards, when the nth random access opportunity is triggered, relevant processing is performed. The relevant processing will be described in the subsequent embodiment shown in Figure 19 and will not be described again here.

[0278] The first terminal device performs different steps according to different received access opportunity indication information:

[0279] If the access timing indication information includes the temporary identification of the first terminal device, it means that the first uplink data sent by the first terminal device is successfully transmitted, and the second uplink data can be continued to be sent. That is, execute:

[0280] S174: The first terminal device sends the second uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first uplink data from the second terminal device.

[0281] After receiving the access timing indication information indicating the successful transmission of the first uplink data, the first terminal device sends the second uplink data. In this scenario, the complete uplink data is actually divided into two parts: the first uplink data and the second uplink data. For example, if the uplink data is a device ID, the first uplink data includes the first part of the device ID of the first terminal device, and the second uplink data includes the second part of the device ID of the first terminal device.

[0282] If the access opportunity indication information does not include the temporary identification of the first terminal device, it means that the first uplink data sent by the first terminal device fails to be transmitted. At this time, it is necessary to back off 0 to N-1 access opportunities before re-transmitting the first uplink data. That is, execute:

[0283] S174: The first terminal device sends the second uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the second uplink data from the second terminal device.

[0284] The second uplink data is the same as the first uplink data.

[0285] In one embodiment, before the terminal device sends the second uplink data, the access opportunity indication information may be used to indicate the triggering of the next access opportunity. If the access opportunity indication information received by the terminal device indicates the triggering of the next access opportunity, for example, the access opportunity indication information includes QueryRep, the terminal device triggers the next access opportunity, decrements RO by one, and then receives the access opportunity indication information of the next cycle until RO is zero. RO is a value randomly selected from 0 to N, at which point the terminal device may send uplink data.

[0286] In an embodiment of the present application, after receiving first indication information from a network device instructing the transmission of uplink data, a terminal device directly transmits the first uplink data and then transmits the second uplink data. This allows the transmission of uplink data without waiting for a long access opportunity, thereby reducing the transmission latency of uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of uplink data in situations where the probability of collision is low. Furthermore, a method is designed to trigger the terminal device to fall back from direct uplink data transmission to random access after an uplink data transmission failure, that is, to send uplink data after a certain number of access opportunities have been retracted. This reduces transmission collisions of uplink data and improves the transmission efficiency of uplink data in situations where the probability of collision is high.

[0287] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG18 , before S172 , the method may further include:

[0288] S175, the network device sends the maximum number of fallback opportunities N to the terminal device, and correspondingly, the terminal device receives the maximum number of fallback opportunities N from the network device.

[0289] When the terminal device receives the maximum number of fallback opportunities N, it may initialize the RO based on the maximum number of fallback opportunities N. For example, the initialized RO may randomly select one from 1 to N. The initialized RO is used to determine when to execute S172: sending the first uplink data.

[0290] Optionally, when the access opportunity indication information does not indicate the maximum number of fallback opportunities, the initialized RO may be determined based on the maximum actual number of fallback opportunities indicated in S175 , and when to execute S172 : sending the first uplink data may be determined based on the initialized RO.

[0291] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device indicates the maximum number of fallback opportunities to the terminal device, so that the access opportunity of the terminal device fallback is within a reasonable range, avoiding excessive fallback opportunities, and improving the transmission efficiency of uplink data.

[0292] The present application also designs a solution in which a network device indicates to a terminal device whether to adopt non-contention-based random access or contention-based random access to transmit uplink data, as shown in Figure 19. Figure 19 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, which includes the following steps:

[0293] S191: The network device sends first indication information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the first indication information from the network device.

[0294] The first indication information instructs the terminal device to send uplink data, and the description of indicating the first indication information can refer to the description of the first indication information in the embodiment shown in Figure 12, and will not be repeated here. After the network device sends the first indication information, the terminal devices within the coverage provided by the network device can receive the first signaling. This application is described by taking the terminal devices within the coverage range including the first terminal device and the second terminal device as an example.

[0295] The first indication information may indicate whether to adopt non-contention resolution random access or contention resolution random access to transmit uplink data.

[0296] S192: The network device sends access cycle triggering information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the access cycle triggering information from the network device.

[0297] The access cycle trigger information indicates the start of an access cycle. For example, the access cycle trigger information may be a query, an access cycle trigger (Access Round Trigger), or an access cycle indication (Access Round Indication).

[0298] S193: The network device sends access timing indication information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the access timing indication information from the network device.

[0299] The access occasion indication information may indicate when the first terminal device sends uplink data. Exemplarily, the access occasion indication information may be an access occasion trigger, an access occasion indication, or a query.

[0300] After executing S193, the first terminal device can determine the mode of transmitting uplink data based on the content of the first indication information. The following first introduces the transmission mode of uplink data when the first indication information includes a random access indication.

[0301] Optionally, when the first indication information includes a random access indication, the method further includes:

[0302] S194: The first terminal device sends a random number RN to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the RN from the first terminal device.

[0303] Exemplarily, RN can be used for contention resolution. Exemplarily, the random number RN can be a 16-bit random number (RN16). The description of contention resolution can be referred to in related technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0304] S195: The network device sends contention resolution indication information to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the contention resolution indication information from the network device.

[0305] The contention resolution indication information includes a contention resolution strategy allocated to the first terminal device. Exemplarily, the contention resolution indication information may be a contention resolution identity of the first terminal device (UE contention resolution identity).

[0306] S196: The first terminal device sends uplink data to the network device according to the contention resolution indication information. Correspondingly, the network device receives the uplink data from the first terminal device.

[0307] The random access is resolved through the contention, so that the first uplink data can be reselected and sent, thereby ensuring the transmission of the uplink data with less delay.

[0308] The above describes the uplink data transmission mode when the first indication information includes a random access indication. However, the first indication information may also not include a random access indication. In this case, as shown in Figure 20, after step S193, the method may optionally further include:

[0309] S197: The first terminal device sends uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the uplink data from the first terminal device.

[0310] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device instructs the first terminal device whether to adopt non-competitive solution of random access or competitive solution of random access to transmit uplink data, so that the first terminal device can flexibly use non-competitive solution of random access or competitive solution of random access to transmit uplink data, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of uplink data.

[0311] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the execution logic of each step. The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a variety of communication systems, for example, to an LTE or evolved LTE system. For another example, it is applied to the O-RAN communication system shown in Figure 10. In the O-RAN communication system, the network device may include a RIC, a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), and the RIC can be used to determine the first indication information of the UE.

[0312] The communication method of the present application is further described below in conjunction with the embodiment shown in FIG18 and the O-RAN communication system. In the O-RAN communication system, the network device may include a RIC, a CU, and a DU, and the terminal device may be a UE. As shown in FIG21, this embodiment may include the following steps:

[0313] S211. The RIC determines first indication information of the UE according to historical data.

[0314] The historical data includes the access efficiency of each UE under different access modes and parameter configurations. The RIC can infer the current access mode and number of time slots of each UE based on the historical data. The first indication information of each UE is then determined. The first indication information includes the initial access mode of each UE (contention-resolved random access or non-contention-resolved random access) and, optionally, the number of access time resources and / or the maximum number of fallback opportunities.

[0315] S212: The RIC sends first indication information to the UE via the CU and the DU. Correspondingly, the UE receives the first indication information from the RIC.

[0316] Among them, the first indication information instructs the UE to send uplink data. For the description of the first indication information, reference can be made to the description of the first indication information in the embodiment shown in Figure 18, and no further details will be given. After the network device sends the first indication information, the UE within the coverage provided by the network device can receive the first signaling. This application takes the UE within the coverage area including the first UE and the second UE as an example, and explains from the perspective of the first UE interacting with the network device to realize uplink data transmission. The process of the second UE interacting with the network device to realize uplink data transmission is the same as the process of the first UE interacting with the network device to realize uplink data transmission, and no further details will be given.

[0317] S213: The first UE sends first uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first uplink data from the first UE.

[0318] Among them, the description of S213 can refer to the description of step S172 in the embodiment shown in Figure 17, and will not be repeated here.

[0319] S214: The network device sends access timing indication information to the first UE. Correspondingly, the UE receives the access timing indication information from the network device.

[0320] Among them, the description of S214 can refer to the description of step S173 in the embodiment shown in Figure 17, and will not be repeated here.

[0321] S215: The first UE sends second uplink data to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first uplink data from the second UE.

[0322] Among them, the description of S215 can refer to the description of step S174 in the embodiment shown in Figure 17, and will not be repeated here.

[0323] In one embodiment, the RIC determines the first indication information of each UE after step S211. In addition to directly sending the received first indication information to the UE as in step S212, the DU may also update the first indication information based on the network data collected by itself and send the updated first indication information to the UE. That is, as shown in FIG22, step S212 in the process shown in FIG21 may be replaced by the following steps:

[0324] S221: The RIC sends first indication information to the DU via the CU. Correspondingly, the DU receives the first indication information from the RIC.

[0325] S222: The DU updates the first indication information and obtains the updated first indication information.

[0326] Among them, the DU can update the number of access time resources and / or the maximum number of fallback opportunities in the first indication information based on the network data collected by itself, and obtain the updated number of access time resources and / or the maximum number of fallback opportunities. For example, if the DU determines based on the network data collected by itself that there are fewer UEs that currently need to perform uplink data transmission, the number of access time resources and / or the maximum number of fallback opportunities can be lowered. Conversely, if the DU determines based on the network data collected by itself that there are more UEs that currently need to perform uplink data transmission, the number of access time resources and / or the maximum number of fallback opportunities can be increased.

[0327] S223: The DU sends the updated first indication information to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE receives the updated first indication information from the DU.

[0328] In an embodiment of the present application, the DU updates the first indication information based on the first indication information determined by the RIC, which can ensure that the random access mode and parameters indicated by the first indication information better match the current network status and improve the transmission efficiency of uplink data.

[0329] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of the execution logic of each step. It is understandable that each node, such as a network device, includes a hardware structure and / or software module corresponding to the execution of each function in order to implement the above functions. Those skilled in the art should easily appreciate that, in combination with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiment disclosed herein, the method of the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0330] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of the network device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0331] Figure 23 shows a structural diagram of a communication device 230, which is applied to a terminal device. Each module in the device shown in Figure 23 has the function of implementing the steps executed by the terminal device in the above-mentioned embodiments and can achieve its corresponding technical effects. The beneficial effects corresponding to the steps executed by each module can be referred to the description of the steps executed by the terminal device and will not be repeated here. The functions can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions. The communication device can be a terminal device or a chip or system on chip in the terminal device. For example, the communication device includes:

[0332] The transceiver module 2301 is used to receive first indication information indicating the sending of uplink data; the transceiver module 2301 is used to send the first uplink data; if the first uplink data transmission fails, the transceiver module 2301 is used to initiate random access; or, the transceiver module 2301 is used to receive second indication information indicating the success of the first uplink data transmission; the transceiver module 2301 is used to send the second uplink data, the second uplink data includes the second part of the terminal device identifier, and the first uplink data includes the first part of the terminal device identifier.

[0333] Optionally, the first indication information may also be used to select or page a terminal device.

[0334] Based on this solution, after receiving the first indication information indicating the sending of uplink data, the terminal device directly sends the first uplink data without waiting for the access opportunity. Moreover, in the case of failure in the transmission of the first uplink data, the terminal device initiates random access again, and can send the uplink data without waiting for a long access opportunity, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is low. At the same time, it is designed that after the uplink data transmission fails, the terminal device is triggered to fall back from directly sending uplink data to random access, that is, to fall back some access opportunities before sending the uplink data, thereby reducing the transmission collision of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is high.

[0335] In one embodiment, the random access includes contention resolution random access or non-contention resolution random access.

[0336] This implementation designs possible random access modes. Contention-based random access resolves conflicts and reduces uplink data collisions, while non-contention-based random access reduces access latency and signaling overhead. In other words, contention-based random access achieves a higher uplink data transmission success rate, while non-contention-based random access reduces uplink data transmission latency.

[0337] In one embodiment, the transceiver module 2301 is further configured to receive third indication information indicating a first timing; in this case, the transceiver module 2301 is specifically configured to: send the first uplink data at the first timing.

[0338] In this implementation, a mechanism is designed to indicate the first timing for sending the first uplink data. The network device can clearly know when to transmit the first uplink data with fewer collisions and indicate it to the terminal device. The terminal device then sends the first uplink data at the first timing, and the uplink data transmission success rate is higher.

[0339] In one embodiment, the transceiver module 2301 is further configured to receive first information; the transceiver module 2301 is specifically configured to send first uplink data when the first information meets a preset condition.

[0340] Optionally, the first information includes the number of access time resources of the terminal device, and the first information meets the preset conditions including: the number of access time resources is less than a first preset threshold.

[0341] In this implementation, the network device indicates the first information to the terminal device, and the terminal device can determine whether to skip contention resolution and directly send the first uplink data based on the first information, thereby improving the success rate of uplink data transmission.

[0342] In one embodiment, the failure of the first uplink data transmission includes: the first uplink data transmission timeout, or the fourth indication information is not received within the preset time, the fourth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful, or the number of first uplink data transmissions exceeds the second preset threshold, or the fifth indication information is received, and the fifth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission fails.

[0343] In this implementation, several possible scenarios of first uplink data transmission failure are designed. When any of the above scenarios is met, random access can be initiated.

[0344] In one embodiment, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device.

[0345] In this implementation, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device. This reduces the transmission overhead of the first uplink data when there is uncertainty about whether the uplink data can be successfully transmitted. Furthermore, contention (conflict) resolution can be performed based on the partial identification information, eliminating the need to generate a random number specifically for contention resolution and reducing the complexity of contention resolution.

[0346] Figure 24 shows a structural diagram of a communication device 240, which is applied to a network device. Each module in the device shown in Figure 24 has the function of implementing the steps performed by the network device in the above-mentioned embodiments and can achieve its corresponding technical effects. The beneficial effects corresponding to the steps performed by each module can be referred to the description of the steps performed by the network device and will not be repeated here. The functions can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions. The communication device can be a network device or a chip or system on chip in the network device. For example, the communication device includes:

[0347] The transceiver module 2401 is used to send a first indication message, where the first indication message indicates sending the first uplink data; if the first uplink data reception fails, the transceiver module 2401 is used to respond to the random access; or, the transceiver module 2401 is used to send a second indication message, where the second indication message indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful; the transceiver module 2401 is used to receive the second uplink data, where the second uplink data includes the second part of the terminal device identifier, and the first uplink data includes the first part of the terminal device identifier.

[0348] Optionally, the first indication information may also be used to select or page a terminal device.

[0349] Based on this solution, after receiving the first indication information indicating the sending of uplink data, the terminal device directly sends the first uplink data without waiting for the access opportunity. Moreover, in the case of failure in the transmission of the first uplink data, the terminal device initiates random access again, and can send the uplink data without waiting for a long access opportunity, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is low. At the same time, it is designed that after the uplink data transmission fails, the terminal device is triggered to fall back from directly sending uplink data to random access, that is, to fall back some access opportunities before sending the uplink data, thereby reducing the transmission collision of the uplink data and improving the transmission efficiency of the uplink data when the collision probability is high.

[0350] In one embodiment, the random access includes: contention resolution random access, or non-contention resolution random access.

[0351] This implementation designs possible random access modes. Contention-based random access resolves conflicts and reduces uplink data collisions, while non-contention-based random access reduces access latency and signaling overhead. In other words, contention-based random access achieves a higher uplink data transmission success rate, while non-contention-based random access reduces uplink data transmission latency.

[0352] In one embodiment, the transceiver module 2401 is configured to send third indication information, where the third indication information indicates a first timing for sending the first uplink data.

[0353] In this implementation, a mechanism is designed to indicate the first timing for sending the first uplink data. The network device can clearly know when to transmit the first uplink data with fewer collisions and indicate it to the terminal device. The terminal device then sends the first uplink data at the first timing, and the uplink data transmission success rate is higher.

[0354] In one embodiment, the transceiver module 2401 is used to send first information, where the first information includes the number of access time resources of the terminal device.

[0355] In this implementation, the network device indicates the first information to the terminal device, and the terminal device can determine whether to skip contention resolution and directly send the first uplink data based on the first information, thereby improving the success rate of uplink data transmission.

[0356] In one embodiment, the failure of the first uplink data transmission includes: the first uplink data transmission timeout, or the fourth indication information is not sent within the preset time, the fourth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful, or the number of first uplink data transmissions exceeds the second preset threshold, or the fifth indication information is sent, and the fifth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission fails.

[0357] In this implementation, several possible scenarios of first uplink data transmission failure are designed. When any of the above scenarios is met, random access can be initiated.

[0358] In one embodiment, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device.

[0359] In this implementation, the first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device. This reduces the transmission overhead of the first uplink data when there is uncertainty about whether the uplink data can be successfully transmitted. Furthermore, contention (conflict) resolution can be performed based on the partial identification information, eliminating the need to generate a random number specifically for contention resolution and reducing the complexity of contention resolution.

[0360] The embodiment of the present application further provides a structural diagram of a communication system, which may include a terminal device and a network device, wherein the terminal device may have the functions of the above-mentioned communication device 230, and the network device may have the functions of the above-mentioned communication device 240.

[0361] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by a computer program to instruct the relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be a terminal device of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, such as: an internal storage unit including a data sending end and / or a data receiving end, such as a hard disk or memory of the terminal device. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the above-mentioned terminal device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (smart media card, SMC), a secure digital (secure digital, SD) card, a flash card (flash card), etc. equipped on the above-mentioned terminal device. Furthermore, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also include both the internal storage unit of the above-mentioned terminal device and an external storage device. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium is used to store the above-mentioned computer program and other programs and data required by the above-mentioned terminal device. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0362] The present application also provides a computer instruction. All or part of the process in the above method embodiment can be completed by the computer instruction to instruct the relevant hardware (such as a computer, processor, network device, and terminal, etc.). The program can be stored in the above computer-readable storage medium.

[0363] The present application also provides a chip system. This chip system can be composed of a chip or include a chip and other discrete components, without limitation. The chip system includes a processor and a transceiver. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be performed by the chip system. For example, the chip system can be used to implement the functions performed by a terminal device or network device in the above method embodiments.

[0364] In one possible design, the above-mentioned chip system also includes a memory, which is used to store program instructions and / or data. When the chip system is running, the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to enable the chip system to perform the functions performed by the terminal device or network device in the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0365] In the embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0366] In the embodiments of the present application, the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or a volatile memory, such as RAM. The memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device that can implement a storage function, for storing instructions and / or data.

[0367] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0368] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0369] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed in multiple different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0370] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit. If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is essentially or the contributing part or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a device, such as a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc., or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0371] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited to this. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: include: receiving first indication information, where the first indication information indicates sending uplink data; Sending first uplink data; The first uplink data transmission fails, initiating random access; Alternatively, receiving second indication information, where the second indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful; Second uplink data is sent, where the second uplink data includes the second part of the terminal device identifier, and the first uplink data includes the first part of the terminal device identifier.

2. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein: The random access includes: Contention resolution random access, or non-contention resolution random access.

3. The communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: receiving third indication information, where the third indication information indicates the first opportunity; The sending of the first uplink data includes: The first uplink data is sent at the first timing.

4. The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method further comprises: receiving a first message; The sending of the first uplink data includes: When the first information meets a preset condition, the first uplink data is sent.

5. The communication method according to claim 4, wherein: The first information includes the number of access time resources of the terminal device, and the first information meets the preset condition including: the number of access time resources is less than a first preset threshold.

6. The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first uplink data transmission failure includes: The first uplink data transmission times out, or the fourth indication information is not received within a preset time, the fourth indication information indicating that the first uplink data transmission is successful, or the number of first uplink data transmissions exceeds a second preset threshold, or the fifth indication information is received, the fifth indication information indicating that the first uplink data transmission fails.

7. The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device.

8. The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first indication information is also used to select or page a terminal device.

9. A communication method, characterized in that: include: Sending first indication information, where the first indication information indicates sending first uplink data; The first uplink data reception fails, and a random access response is provided; Alternatively, sending second indication information, where the second indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful; Second uplink data is received, where the second uplink data includes a second part of the terminal device identifier, and the first uplink data includes a first part of the terminal device identifier.

10. The communication method according to claim 9, wherein: The random access includes: Contention resolution random access, or non-contention resolution random access.

11. The communication method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Send third indication information, where the third indication information indicates a first timing for sending the first uplink data.

12. The communication method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Send first information, wherein the first information includes the number of access time resources of the terminal device.

13. The communication method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that: The first uplink data transmission failure includes: The first uplink data transmission times out, or the fourth indication information is not sent within a preset time, and the fourth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission is successful, or the number of first uplink data transmissions exceeds a second preset threshold, or the fifth indication information is sent, and the fifth indication information indicates that the first uplink data transmission fails.

14. The communication method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: The first uplink data includes partial identification information of the terminal device.

15. The communication method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that: The first indication information is also used to select or page a terminal device.

16. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a module for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

17. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a module for executing the method according to any one of claims 9 to 15.

18. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, and the processor and the transceiver are used to support the communication device to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is executed.

20. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system includes: a terminal device and a network device, wherein the terminal device is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the network device is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 9 to 15.

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