Method and apparatus for signal transmission in communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for transmitting signals in a communication system. A method performed by a reader comprises the steps of: generating device-to-reader (D2R) scheduling information including midamble configuration information for a D2R signal; generating a reader-to-device (R2D) signal including the D2R scheduling information; transmitting the R2D signal to a device; and receiving the D2R signal from the device on the basis of the D2R scheduling information.

Description

Method and device for transmitting signals in a communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a signal transmission technology in a communication system, and more specifically, to a technology in which a device transmits a signal to a base station or a terminal.

[0002] With the advancement of information and communication technology, various wireless communication technologies are being developed. Representative wireless communication technologies include LTE (long term evolution), LTE-A (advanced), and NR (new radio), all of which are defined by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standards. LTE and / or LTE-A may be considered 4G (4th Generation) communication technologies. NR may be considered 5G (5th Generation) communication technologies.

[0003] In order to handle the rapidly increasing amount of wireless data following the commercialization of 4G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting LTE and / or LTE-A), 5G communication systems (e.g., communication systems supporting NR) that use frequency bands higher than the frequency bands of 4G communication systems (e.g., frequency bands below 6 GHz) as well as frequency bands lower than the frequency bands of 4G communication systems are being considered. 5G communication systems may support enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC), and / or massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC).

[0004] In order to support multiple IoT (Internet of Things) devices in a communication system (e.g., 5G communication system, 6G communication system, etc.), an IoT communication method may be supported. The IoT device may communicate with a base station and / or a terminal in the communication system using the IoT communication method. The IoT device may be configured to have very low complexity due to issues such as power consumption. In the communication system, a method for setting and / or transmitting a signal transmitted by the IoT device may be required, a method for scheduling a signal by the base station or the terminal may be required, and a method for receiving a signal by the base station or the terminal may be required.

[0005] Meanwhile, the technology that serves as the background for the invention is written to promote understanding of the background for the invention, and may include content that is not a prior art already known to a person with ordinary skill in the field to which the technology belongs.

[0006] The purpose of the present disclosure to solve the above problems is to provide a method and apparatus for a device to transmit a signal in a communication system.

[0007] According to embodiments of the present disclosure for achieving the above object, a method of a reader includes the steps of: generating D2R scheduling information including midamble setting information for a D2R signal; generating an R2D (reader to device) signal including the D2R scheduling information; transmitting the R2D signal to a device; and receiving the D2R signal from the device based on the D2R scheduling information.

[0008] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating whether the midamble is included in the D2R signal.

[0009] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating the position of the midamble within the D2R signal.

[0010] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating a midamble interval within the D2R signal, and the midamble interval may be an interval between a preamble and a first midamble within the D2R signal or an interval between consecutive midambles within the D2R signal.

[0011] The above midamble interval can be indicated by the number of bits.

[0012] If the midamble interval is longer than the length of a physical device to reader channel (PDRCH) included in the D2R signal or if the midamble interval indicates a specific interval, the D2R signal may not include a midamble.

[0013] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating a midamble type, and the midamble type may be classified into a short midamble having a short sequence and a long midamble having a long sequence.

[0014] The above D2R scheduling information may further include FDMA (frequency domain multiple access) setting information for the D2R signal.

[0015] The above FDMA configuration information may include information indicating the number of times the D2R signal is repeatedly transmitted in the frequency domain.

[0016] A method of a device according to embodiments of the present disclosure for achieving the above object includes the steps of: receiving an R2D (reader to device) signal including D2R scheduling information for a D2R (device to reader) signal from a reader; generating the D2R signal based on midamble setting information included in the D2R scheduling information; and transmitting the D2R signal to the reader.

[0017] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating whether the midamble is included in the D2R signal.

[0018] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating the position of the midamble within the D2R signal.

[0019] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating a midamble interval within the D2R signal, and the midamble interval may be an interval between a preamble and a first midamble within the D2R signal or an interval between consecutive midambles within the D2R signal.

[0020] The above midamble interval can be indicated by the number of bits.

[0021] If the midamble interval is longer than the length of a physical device to reader channel (PDRCH) included in the D2R signal or if the midamble interval indicates a specific interval, the D2R signal may not include a midamble.

[0022] The above midamble setting information may include information indicating a midamble type, and the midamble type may be classified into a short midamble having a short sequence and a long midamble having a long sequence.

[0023] The above D2R scheduling information may further include FDMA (frequency domain multiple access) setting information for the D2R signal.

[0024] The above FDMA configuration information may include information indicating the number of times the D2R signal is repeatedly transmitted in the frequency domain.

[0025] When multiple repeat transmission counts for the D2R signal are indicated to the device, the D2R signal can be multiplexed in the frequency domain based on one repeat transmission count selected from among the multiple repeat transmission counts.

[0026] The above D2R signal may be multiplexed in the frequency domain using a frequency shifting method based on the FDMA configuration information, and a transmission rate of the D2R signal in a first frequency resource may be the same as or different from a transmission rate of the D2R signal in a second frequency resource.

[0027] According to the present disclosure, a reader can transmit an R2D (reader to device) signal including midamble configuration information and / or FDMA (frequency domain multiple access) configuration information for a D2R (device to reader) signal to a device. The device can receive the R2D signal from the reader and generate a D2R signal based on the midamble configuration information included in the R2D signal. Since the midamble in the D2R signal is configured based on the configuration information indicated by the reader, an ambiguity problem regarding the midamble does not occur in the reader and / or the device, and an interpretation problem may not occur in the decoding stage of the D2R signal including the midamble. The device can multiplex and transmit the D2R signal in the frequency domain based on the FDMA configuration information included in the R2D signal. In this case, the probability of successful reception of the D2R signal by the reader can be improved. According to the above-described operations, a method for transmitting and receiving signals between a reader and a device can be improved, and the performance of a communication system can be improved.

[0028] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a communication network.

[0029] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating communication nodes that constitute a communication network.

[0030] Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a communication network.

[0031] Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a communication network.

[0032] Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a D2R signal in a communication network.

[0033] Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a D2R signal in a communication network.

[0034] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating line codes in a communication network.

[0035] Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating line codes in a communication network.

[0036] Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating line codes in a communication network.

[0037] Figure 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a preamble (e.g., a preamble signal) in a communication network.

[0038] Figure 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PDRCH scheduling method.

[0039] Figure 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PDRCH scheduling method.

[0040] Figure 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PRDCH configuration in a communication network.

[0041] This disclosure may be subject to various modifications and various embodiments. Specific embodiments are illustrated and described in detail in the drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the disclosure to specific embodiments, but rather to encompass all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and technical scope of the disclosure.

[0042] While terms such as "first" and "second" may be used to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a first component could be referred to as a "second component," and similarly, a second component could also be referred to as a "first component." The term "and / or" encompasses any combination of multiple related items or any one of multiple related items.

[0043] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.” Furthermore, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B.”

[0044] In the present disclosure, (re)transmission may mean “transmission,” “retransmission,” or “transmission and retransmission,” (re)setting may mean “setting,” “resetting,” or “setting and resetting,” (re)connection may mean “connection,” “reconnection,” or “connection and reconnection,” and (re)connection may mean “connection,” “reconnection,” or “connection and reconnection.”

[0045] When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but that there may be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0046] The terminology used in this disclosure is only used to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "comprises" or "has" indicate the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined herein.

[0048] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. In order to facilitate an overall understanding in describing the present disclosure, identical reference numerals will be used for identical components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of identical components will be omitted.

[0049] A communication network to which embodiments of the present disclosure are applied will be described. The communication network to which embodiments of the present disclosure are applied is not limited to the scope described below, and embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to various communication networks. Here, "communication network" may be used interchangeably with "communication system." "Communication network" may refer to a wireless communication network, and "communication system" may refer to a wireless communication system.

[0050] In the present disclosure, “an operation (e.g., a transmission operation) is set” may mean that “setting information for the operation (e.g., an information element, a parameter)” and / or “information instructing performance of the operation” are signaled. “An information element (e.g., a parameter) is set” may mean that the information element is signaled. In the present disclosure, the signaling may be at least one of system information (SI) signaling (e.g., transmission of a system information block (SIB) and / or a master information block (MIB)), RRC signaling (e.g., transmission of RRC parameters and / or upper layer parameters), MAC control element (CE) signaling, or PHY signaling (e.g., transmission of downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), and / or sidelink control information (SCI)).

[0051] In this disclosure, the terms "time" and "time point" may be used interchangeably. "Time" may be interpreted to mean either a time or a point in time, depending on the context, and "time point" may be interpreted to mean either a time or a point in time, depending on the context.

[0052] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a communication network.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 1, the base station (110) can support cellular communication (e.g., long term evolution (LTE), advanced LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, unlicensed LTE-U, new radio (NR), unlicensed NR-U, etc. as defined in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard). The base station (110) can support multiple input multiple output (MIMO) (e.g., single user (SU)-MIMO, multi user (MU)-MIMO, massive MIMO, etc.), coordinated multipoint (CoMP), carrier aggregation (CA), etc. The terminal (120) can perform communication (e.g., uplink communication and / or downlink communication) with the base station (110).

[0054] The communication nodes (e.g., base stations, terminals, etc.) that constitute the communication network described above can support a communication protocol based on CDMA (code division multiple access), a communication protocol based on WCDMA (wideband CDMA), a communication protocol based on TDMA (time division multiple access), a communication protocol based on FDMA (frequency division multiple access), a communication protocol based on SC (single carrier)-FDMA, a communication protocol based on OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), a communication protocol based on OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), etc.

[0055] Among communication nodes, a base station may be referred to as a NodeB, an evolved NodeB, a 5g NodeB (gNodeB), a BTS (base transceiver station), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, an access point, an access node, a Tx / Rx Point, etc. Among communication nodes, a terminal may be referred to as a UE (user equipment), an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a station, a subscriber station, a portable subscriber station, a mobile station, a node, etc. A communication node may have the following structure.

[0056] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating communication nodes that constitute a communication network.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 2, a communication node (200) may include at least one processor (210), a memory (220), or at least one of a transmission / reception device (230) that is connected to a network and performs communication. In addition, the communication node (200) may further include an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), a storage device (260), etc. Each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected by a bus (270) and communicate with each other.

[0058] However, each component included in the communication node (200) may be connected through an individual interface or individual bus centered around the processor (210), rather than a common bus (270). For example, the processor (210) may be connected to at least one of a memory (220), a transmission / reception device (230), an input interface device (240), an output interface device (250), and a storage device (260) through a dedicated interface.

[0059] The processor (210) can execute program commands stored in at least one of the memory (220) and the storage device (260). The processor (210) may refer to a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor in which the methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure are performed. Each of the memory (220) and the storage device (260) may be configured with at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory (220) may be configured with at least one of a read-only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

[0060] Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a communication network.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 3, the base station (310) can support cellular communication (e.g., 5G communication, 6G communication). The base station (310) can support Internet of Things (IoT) communication. The device (320) can support IoT communication. The device (320) may not support cellular communication. The base station (310) and the device (320) can communicate using an IoT communication method. In the present disclosure, a device may be interpreted as an IoT device depending on the context. An IoT device may communicate using an IoT communication method. In the present disclosure, a base station that communicates with a device based on an IoT communication method may be interpreted as a reader.

[0062] Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a communication network.

[0063] Referring to FIG. 4, the base station (410) can support cellular communication. The base station (410) can support IoT communication. The terminal (420) can support cellular communication. The terminal (420) can support IoT communication. The device (430) can support IoT communication. The device (430) may not support cellular communication. The base station (410) and the terminal (420) can communicate using a cellular communication method. The terminal (420) and the device (430) can communicate using an IoT communication method. In the present disclosure, a terminal that communicates with a device based on an IoT communication method can be interpreted as a leader.

[0064] Next, the operating methods of communication nodes (e.g., devices) in a communication network will be described. Even if a method (e.g., transmitting or receiving a signal) performed by a first communication node among the communication nodes is described, a corresponding second communication node can perform a method (e.g., receiving or transmitting a signal) corresponding to the method performed by the first communication node. In other words, if the operation of a first terminal (e.g., a transmitting terminal) is described, a corresponding second terminal (e.g., a receiving terminal) can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the first terminal. Conversely, if the operation of a second terminal is described, the corresponding first terminal can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the second terminal. If the operation of a device (e.g., an IoT device) is described, a corresponding leader (e.g., a base station and / or a terminal) can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the device. Conversely, if the operation of a leader (e.g., a base station and / or a terminal) is described, a corresponding device can perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the leader.

[0065] For convenience of explanation, the base station or terminal performing IoT communication with the device illustrated in FIG. 3 and / or FIG. 4 may be referred to as a reader. In R2D (reader to device) communication, the reader can transmit a signal, and the device can receive a signal from the reader. In D2R (device to reader) communication, the device can transmit a signal, and the reader can receive a signal from the device.

[0066] The D2R communication method will be described. In the D2R communication method, a device can transmit a signal. In the D2R communication method, a reader can receive the signal transmitted by the device. In the D2R communication method, one of the channels transmitted from the device to the reader can be defined as the Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH). The device can transmit the PDRCH to the reader. The reader can receive the PDRCH from the device.

[0067] Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a D2R signal in a communication network.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 5, a D2R signal may include a preamble, a PDRCH, and / or a postamble. The preamble included in the D2R signal may be a D2R preamble. In the present disclosure, the preamble may be interpreted as a D2R preamble depending on the context. The postamble included in the D2R signal may be a D2R postamble. In the present disclosure, the postamble may be interpreted as a D2R postamble depending on the context. A device may generate a D2R signal including at least one of a preamble, a PDRCH (e.g., a PDRCH signal), or a postamble, and transmit the D2R signal to a reader. The reader may receive the D2R signal from the device. Depending on the configuration of the D2R signal, the postamble may not be transmitted. In other words, the D2R signal may include a preamble and a PDRCH without a postamble. The preamble may be transmitted before the PDRCH in the time domain. The preamble and PDRCH can be transmitted sequentially in the time domain. In other words, the PRDCH can be transmitted without a time gap or other signal after the preamble. The postamble can be transmitted after the PDRCH in the time domain. For example, the PDRCH and postamble can be transmitted sequentially in the time domain. In other words, the postamble can be transmitted without a time gap or other signal after the PDRCH.

[0069] Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a D2R signal in a communication network.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 6, a D2R signal may include a preamble, a PDRCH, a midamble, and / or a postamble. The D2R signal may include one or more midambles. The midamble included in the D2R signal may be a D2R midamble. In the present disclosure, the midamble may be interpreted as a D2R midamble depending on the context. A device may generate a D2R signal including at least one of a preamble, a PDRCH, a midamble, and a postamble, and transmit the D2R signal to a reader. The reader may receive the D2R signal from the device. Depending on the configuration of the D2R signal, the midamble may not be transmitted. In other words, the D2R signal may include a preamble, a PDRCH, and a postamble without a midamble. Depending on the configuration of the D2R signal, the postamble may not be transmitted. In other words, the D2R signal may include a preamble, PDRCH, and midamble without a postamble.

[0071] The preamble may be transmitted before the PDRCH in the time domain. The preamble and PDRCH may be transmitted sequentially in the time domain. In other words, the PDRCH may be transmitted after the preamble without a time gap or other signal. A midamble may exist between PDRCH transmissions. If the length of the PDRCH is greater than a certain time interval, the midamble may be transmitted. The midamble may be transmitted at the midpoint of the entire time interval for a PDRCH transmission (e.g., transmission of a D2R signal). Alternatively, the midamble may be transmitted after at least one transmission of the preamble or the PDRCH. Alternatively, the midamble may be transmitted after the transmission of the preamble and the PDRCH. The postamble may be transmitted after the PDRCH in the time domain. The PDRCH and postamble may be transmitted sequentially in the time domain. In other words, the postamble may be transmitted after the PDRCH without a time gap or other signal.

[0072] Line codes will be described below. Line codes (e.g., line coding) may be one of the methods for representing bit information in a waveform.

[0073] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating line codes in a communication network.

[0074] Referring to FIG. 7, in a communication network, a communication node (e.g., a base station, a terminal, a device, a reader) can convert bit information into a waveform using a line code. Based on the line code, bit information 0 can be converted into the form of code 0 (e.g., line code 0). Based on the line code, bit information 1 can be converted into the form of code 1 (e.g., line code 1). The length of a time interval of one code (e.g., code 0 or code 1) can be defined as a chip period of the line code. In the present disclosure, a chip period can mean a chip rate. Depending on the code, one or more transitions can occur within a chip period. A transition can mean a change in amplitude. For example, a transition can mean a change from amplitude 0 to amplitude 1 or a change from amplitude 1 to amplitude 0. Alternatively, a time interval of one amplitude can be defined as a chip period of the line code. In other words, in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the length of the time interval of amplitude 1 in code 0 or the length of the time interval of amplitude 0 can be defined as a chip period. The chip period can have the same meaning as the chip length (duration).

[0075] Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating line codes in a communication network.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 8, a communication node (e.g., a base station, a terminal, a device, a reader) can convert bit information into a waveform using a line code. Using a line code, bit information 0 can be converted into a form similar to code 0 in the embodiment of FIG. 8. Using a line code, bit information 1 can be converted into a form similar to code 1 in the embodiment of FIG. 8. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the amplitude of code 1 can be 1, -1, or 0.

[0077] Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating line codes in a communication network.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 9, a communication node (e.g., a base station, a terminal, a device, a reader) can convert bit information into a waveform using a line code. Using a line code, bit information 00 can be converted into a form similar to code 00 in the embodiment of FIG. 9. Using a line code, bit information 01 can be converted into a form similar to code 01 in the embodiment of FIG. 9. Using a line code, bit information 10 can be converted into a form similar to code 10 in the embodiment of FIG. 9. Using a line code, bit information 11 can be converted into a form similar to code 11 in the embodiment of FIG. 9. In the line code, bit 1 (e.g., bit information 1) can play a role in inverting the amplitude of the waveform according to the bit. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, in the case of code 10, the amplitude of the waveform corresponding to bit 0 after bit 1 can be configured in an inverted form. In the case of code 11 in the embodiment of Fig. 9, the amplitude of the waveform corresponding to bit 1 after bit 1 can be configured in an inverted form.

[0079] Figure 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a preamble (e.g., a preamble signal) in a communication network.

[0080] Referring to FIG. 10, a preamble used for D2R transmission (e.g., transmission of a D2R signal) may be configured in the form of a binary sequence. For example, the preamble may be configured with an M-sequence. Alternatively, the preamble may be configured with a Golay-sequence. The sequence or preamble signal used to generate the preamble may have a predefined form. The preamble signal may indicate the form of a waveform generated by applying a line code to a predefined sequence. The waveform used for the preamble may be a waveform generated using a line code based on an exception rule. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, a communication node may generate a waveform by applying a line code to a 10101 sequence, and may generate a preamble waveform by adding a P waveform to the generated waveform. The P waveform may be generated using code 1 of the line code. When bit 1 exists in the position of the P waveform, the amplitude of the waveform should be inverted, but the P waveform may have an exceptional shape in which the amplitude is not inverted. By adding the above-described exceptional shape waveform to the D2R preamble, the start of the D2R transmission can be indicated. In other words, the communication node can confirm that the D2R transmission has started based on the D2R preamble having the exceptional shape waveform. The leader can confirm the start time (e.g., start time) of the PDRCH transmission based on the preamble (e.g., the D2R preamble). The leader can obtain time synchronization for PDRCH reception by detecting the preamble.

[0081] A preamble used for D2R transmission may be composed of one or more parts. For example, a preamble used for D2R transmission may include two parts. The two parts may include a first preamble part and a second preamble part. The first preamble part may be used to estimate a sampling frequency of a reader. The first preamble part may be composed of a form in which amplitude 1 and amplitude 0 are periodically repeated, or a form in which amplitude 1 and amplitude -1 are periodically repeated. For example, the first preamble part may be composed of [1010…] or [1 -1 1 -1…]. The second preamble part may be used for fine time synchronization of the reader. The second preamble part may be composed of a binary sequence.

[0082] One or more preamble types may be used for D2R transmission. For example, a long preamble and a short preamble may be used depending on the length of the preamble. A device may transmit either a long preamble or a short preamble for D2R transmission. The leader may transmit information to the device via signaling indicating the use (e.g., transmission) of the long preamble or the short preamble. The device may receive the information via signaling from the leader. The device may transmit either the long preamble or the short preamble according to the leader's instruction. The device may obtain information regarding a preamble for PDRCH transmission based on a PRDCH received from the leader, determine a preamble (e.g., a preamble type) using the obtained information, and transmit the determined preamble. A long preamble may refer to a preamble having a long sequence. A short preamble may refer to a preamble having a short sequence.

[0083] In another embodiment, the device may transmit a long preamble or a short preamble according to a predefined rule. For example, the predefined rule may be that the preamble (e.g., preamble form) is determined according to the information bit length of the PDRCH. For example, if the information bit length of the PDRCH is less than or equal to X bits, the device may transmit a short preamble. If the information bit length of the PDRCH is greater than X bits, the device may transmit a long preamble. X may be a natural number. The leader may transmit information of X to the device through signaling. The device may receive information of X through signaling from the leader. If the leader instructs (e.g., sets) information about a preamble (e.g., a D2R preamble) to the device, the device may perform transmission of the preamble using the information instructed by the leader. If information about the D2R preamble is not indicated by the leader, the device may perform transmission of the D2R preamble based on predefined rules.

[0084] The device can indicate to the reader the modulation scheme used for PDRCH transmission via the preamble. In other words, the device can transmit to the reader a preamble indicating the modulation scheme used for PDRCH transmission. The reader can receive a D2R signal from the device and determine the modulation scheme used for PDRCH transmission based on the preamble included in the D2R signal. If the device uses On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation, the device can set the amplitude of the preamble to 0 or 1. A preamble having amplitude 0 or 1 can indicate that the device uses OOK modulation. If the device uses Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation, the device can set the amplitude of the preamble to -1 or 1. A preamble having amplitude -1 or 1 can indicate that the device uses BPSK modulation. The reader can detect a preamble and, based on the detected preamble, determine the modulation scheme applied to the PDRCH transmission. The reader can detect a preamble and, based on the detected preamble, determine whether the modulation scheme applied to the PDRCH transmission is OOK modulation or BPSK modulation.

[0085] A device can transmit chip rate information of a line code used for PDRCH transmission to a reader through a preamble. In other words, the device can transmit a preamble indicating a chip rate of a line code used for PDRCH transmission to the reader. The chip rate of the line code used in the preamble and the chip rate of the line code applied to the PDRCH can be configured to be the same. The reader can determine that the chip rate of the line code applied to the preamble is the same as the chip rate of the line code applied to the PDRCH, and can receive a PDRCH signal based on the determination. In other words, the reader can receive the preamble and the PDRCH signal based on the same chip rate.

[0086] A device can transmit to a reader time interval information for one symbol according to a modulation scheme used for PDRCH transmission via a preamble. In other words, the device can transmit to the reader a preamble indicating a time interval for one symbol according to a modulation scheme used for PDRCH transmission. The device can set the length of the time interval for one symbol for the preamble to be the same as the length of the time interval for one symbol for the PDRCH. The device can transmit to the reader time interval information for one symbol according to a modulation scheme used for PDRCH transmission. The reader can receive the information (e.g., time interval information) from the device and, based on the information, determine the time interval for one symbol according to the modulation scheme used for PDRCH transmission.

[0087] The PDRCH configuration will be described. The OOK modulation or BPSK modulation can be used as the modulation method of the PDRCH. In a system (e.g., a communication system), the OOK modulation and BPSK modulation can be supported for the PDRCH. A device can modulate the PDRCH using one modulation method based on the system settings. The reader can transmit information indicating the modulation method of the PDRCH to the device through signaling. The device can receive information indicating the modulation method of the PDRCH through signaling from the reader. The device can modulate the PDRCH based on the modulation method (e.g., the OOK modulation or BPSK modulation method) indicated by the reader. As another example, the device can select a modulation method of the PDRCH according to the system implementation and transmit information about the selected modulation method to the reader through signaling. The reader can receive information about the modulation method of the PDRCH through signaling from the device.

[0088] For another example, depending on the implementation of the device, the device may support OOK modulation or BPSK modulation as a modulation method of the PDRCH. The device may modulate the PDRCH based on the supported modulation method (e.g., OOK modulation or BPSK modulation). The device may perform PDRCH transmission using one modulation method (e.g., the same modulation method) within one process (e.g., one communication process, one transmission process).

[0089] The midamble will be described. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the midamble may be transmitted between PDRCHs. The midamble may be transmitted after a portion of the PDRCH has been transmitted. The midamble may be transmitted when the length of the time interval of the PDRCH is greater than a certain length. The leader may transmit information indicating whether to transmit the midamble to the device through signaling. The information indicating whether to transmit the midamble may be included in PDRCH scheduling information. The midamble-related information included in the PDRCH scheduling information may be referred to as midamble configuration information. The leader may transmit a PRDCH (e.g., an R2D signal) including PDRCH scheduling information to the device. The device may receive the PRDCH (e.g., an R2D signal) from the leader, check the PDRCH scheduling information included in the PRDCH, and check the information indicating whether to transmit the midamble included in the PDRCH scheduling information. When the leader instructs the device to transmit a midamble, the device can transmit the midamble. In other words, the device can transmit a D2R signal including the midamble. In the present disclosure, the PDRCH scheduling information may mean D2R scheduling information (e.g., scheduling information of a D2R signal), and the PRDCH scheduling information may mean R2D scheduling information (e.g., scheduling information of an R2D signal).

[0090] For another example, the device may determine whether to transmit the midamble based on the length of the time interval of the PDRCH. If the length of the time interval of the PDRCH is longer than the length of the predefined time interval, the device may transmit the midamble. In other words, the device may transmit the D2R signal including the midamble. For another example, the device may determine whether to transmit the midamble based on the information amount of the PDRCH (e.g., the number of bits transmitted through the PDRCH, the length of the PDRCH). If the information amount of the PDRCH is greater than the predefined information amount, the device may transmit the midamble. In other words, the device may transmit the D2R signal including the midamble.

[0091] In D2R transmission, the location where the midamble is transmitted can be defined in advance. In the time domain, the midamble can be located in the middle of the PDRCH. For example, if the time interval length of the PDRCH is T, the midamble can exist between two PDRCHs with a time interval of T / 2. The PDRCH can be divided into a PDRCH located before the midamble and a PDRCH located after the midamble based on the midamble. The time interval length of the PDRCH located before the midamble and the time interval length of the PDRCH located after the midamble can be the same. The midamble can be transmitted between the two PDRCHs described above.

[0092] In the time domain, the midamble may be transmitted at a fixed time position from the start of the PDRCH. For example, the midamble may be transmitted at a time interval K after the start of the PDRCH. The unit of the K time interval may be a chip period or an absolute time unit (e.g., microseconds (μs)). The start position of the midamble may be after the K time interval from the start of the PDRCH. The K time interval may be equal to the length of the PDRCH time interval defined for transmission of the midamble in the system. For example, if the length of the PDRCH time interval is longer than the length of the time interval for configuring the midamble (e.g., the K time interval), the device may transmit the midamble after the K time interval from the start of the PDRCH. For another example, if the length of the PDRCH time interval is greater than or equal to a threshold L, the device may transmit the midamble in the time domain K. The transmission position of the midamble may be after the PDRCH. In other words, the midamble can be transmitted after the PDRCH.

[0093] In a D2R transmission, one or more midambles may be transmitted. For example, one midamble may be transmitted by default, and the transmission of additional midamble(s) may be instructed by the leader. If the leader instructs transmission of additional midamble(s), the device may transmit one midamble (e.g., the basic midamble) and the additional midamble(s). If the leader does not instruct transmission of additional midamble(s), the device may transmit one midamble (e.g., the basic midamble). The locations in the time domain where one or more midambles are transmitted may be predefined. For example, one midamble may be transmitted after a time interval K1 from the start of the PDRCH. The other midamble (e.g., the additional midamble) may be transmitted after a time interval K2 from the start of the PDRCH. The length of the K1 time interval and the length of the K2 time interval may be different.

[0094] The leader can transmit information to the device via signaling, indicating whether to transmit the midamble in time domain K1 and / or time domain K2. The device can receive the information via the signaling from the leader and determine whether to transmit the midamble based on the information. In other words, the device can transmit the midamble in time domain K1 and / or time domain K2 based on the instruction from the leader. Alternatively, the device can determine whether to transmit the midamble in time domain K1 and / or time domain K2 based on the length of the time interval of the PDRCH. For example, if the length of the time interval of the PDRCH is longer than the threshold L1, the terminal can transmit the midamble in time domain K1. If the length of the time interval of the PDRCH is longer than the threshold L2, the terminal can transmit the midamble in time domain K2. If K1 is less than K2 and the length of the time interval of the PDRCH is longer than the threshold L2, the terminal can transmit a midamble in the time domain K1 and the time domain K2.

[0095] In a D2R transmission, the leader can signal information indicating whether to transmit the midamble and / or the transmission location of the midamble to the device. The device can determine whether to transmit the midamble and / or the transmission location of the midamble through the signaling from the leader. The information indicating whether to transmit the midamble and / or the transmission location of the midamble can be included in the PRDCH (e.g., the R2D signal). In other words, the information indicating whether to transmit the midamble and / or the transmission location of the midamble can be included in the PDRCH scheduling information included in the PRDCH. The device can determine whether to transmit the midamble and / or the transmission location of the midamble based on the information included in the PRDCH received from the leader. The device can determine whether to transmit the midamble in the D2R transmission and the transmission location of the midamble based on the information received from the leader. If it is determined that the midamble is to be transmitted, the device can transmit the midamble at the determined transmission location.

[0096] The reader can indicate the transmission location of the midamble to the device. The PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the reader to the device can include the transmission location of the midamble. The reader can indicate the transmission location of the midamble to the device by transmitting a PRDCH (e.g., an R2D signal) including the PDRCH scheduling information to the device. The reader can indicate the spacing information between adjacent midambles to the device. The device can receive the spacing information between the adjacent midambles from the reader and determine the transmission location of the midamble based on the spacing information. The spacing between midambles (e.g., adjacent midambles) can mean the time interval between adjacent midambles in the time domain.

[0097] For example, when midamble #N, midamble #N+1, and midamble #N+2 are transmitted, the interval between the midambles may mean a time interval between midamble #N and midamble #N+1 or a time interval between midamble #N+1 and midamble #N+2. N may be a natural number. The interval between the midambles may mean a time interval between a D2R preamble (e.g., a preamble included in a D2R signal) and a first midamble (e.g., a first midamble in a D2R signal). In the present disclosure, the interval between the midambles may be referred to as a midamble interval. The device may transmit the first midamble after a time interval from a transmission time of the preamble based on the midamble interval information. The device may transmit the second midamble after a time interval from a transmission time of the first midamble based on the midamble interval information. In the present disclosure, the midamble interval may mean the time interval between adjacent midambles or the time interval between the preamble and the first midamble.

[0098] For example, the midamble interval may refer to the time interval from the end of midamble #N to the start of midamble #N+1. Alternatively, the midamble interval may refer to the time interval from the start of midamble #N to the start of midamble #N+1. Alternatively, the midamble interval may refer to the time interval from the end of a preamble to the start of the first midamble. Alternatively, the midamble interval may refer to the time interval from the start of a preamble to the start of the first midamble.

[0099] A midamble interval (e.g., a time interval) may be indicated by a number of bits. For example, the midamble time interval may be indicated by the number of bits of a PDRCH transmitted between midamble #N and midamble #N+1. If channel coding (e.g., a convolutional code) is applied to PDRCH transmission, the number of bits of the PDRCH may be the number of bits of the PDRCH to which the channel coding is applied. If repetition transmission is applied to the PDRCH, the number of bits of the PDRCH may be the number of bits of the PDRCH to which repetition transmission is applied. For example, if a midamble interval (e.g., a midamble time interval) is indicated by M bits, a PDRCH consisting of M bits may be transmitted between midamble #N and midamble #N+1. M may be a natural number. In other words, the device can transmit midamble #N, and after transmitting midamble #N, can perform PDRCH consisting of M bits, and after transmitting PDRCH, can transmit midamble #N+1. The number of bits of the PDRCH can be indicated in units of the length of a modulation symbol to which the D2R modulation method is applied or in units of the period of a chip to which the line code is applied.

[0100] The device can determine at least one of whether to transmit a midamble, the time interval between midambles, or the number of midambles to be transmitted based on a midamble interval indicated by a number of bits.

[0101] A reader can instruct a device to not transmit a midamble during a D2R transmission for a specific midamble interval. In other words, the reader can instruct the device to transmit a D2R signal without a midamble for a specific midamble interval. If the midamble interval indicates a specific interval, the device can transmit a D2R signal without a midamble. In order for the reader to instruct the device to the midamble interval, a set of time intervals (e.g., an interval set) can be predefined in the system. A specific value within the time interval set that indicates that the device does not transmit a midamble can be predefined. For example, the time interval set can include 0, which can be used to indicate that the device does not transmit a midamble. In order to indicate that the device does not transmit a midamble, the reader can instruct the device to set the midamble interval to 0. If a midamble interval set to 0 is received from the reader, the device may not transmit a midamble in a D2R transmission. In other words, the device may transmit a D2R signal that does not include a midamble. The set of time intervals may include a value indicating infinity (hereinafter referred to as "infinite value"). The infinite value may be used to indicate that the device does not transmit a midamble. To indicate that the device does not transmit a midamble, the reader may indicate to the device that the midamble interval is set to an infinite value. If a midamble interval set to an infinite value is received from the reader, the device may not transmit a midamble in a D2R transmission. In other words, the device may transmit a D2R signal that does not include a midamble.

[0102] In another embodiment, to indicate that the device does not transmit a midamble, the leader may transmit to the device a midamble interval indicating a number of bits greater than the number of bits of the PDRCH. In other words, the leader may transmit to the device information about a midamble interval indicating a length greater than the length of the PRDCH. The device may receive the midamble interval from the leader. If "the number of bits indicated by the midamble interval is greater than the number of bits of the PDRCH" or "the midamble interval is longer than the length of the PDRCH," the device may not transmit a midamble in the D2R transmission. In other words, the device may transmit a D2R signal that does not include a midamble.

[0103] A leader may instruct a device to transmit a PDRCH. The leader may generate PDRCH scheduling information that instructs transmission of a PDRCH consisting of N bits, and may transmit a PRDCH (e.g., an R2D signal) including the PDRCH scheduling information to the device. N may be a natural number. The N bits may indicate the number of bits of the PDRCH after a PDRCH generation procedure (e.g., channel coding, repeated transmission, etc.) is completed. The PDRCH scheduling information may include midamble interval information. The midamble interval information may indicate M bits. M may be a natural number. M may be greater than N. The device may receive the PDRCH scheduling information from the leader, and may confirm the number of bits of the PDRCH (e.g., N bits) and the midamble interval (e.g., M bits) based on the PDRCH scheduling information. If the number of bits indicated by the midamble interval (e.g., M) is greater than the number of bits of the PDRCH (e.g., N), the device may not transmit the midamble in the D2R transmission. In other words, the device may transmit a D2R signal that does not include the midamble.

[0104] If the number of bits indicated by the midamble interval (e.g., M) is less than or equal to the number of bits of the PDRCH (e.g., N), the device may transmit a midamble in a D2R transmission. In other words, the device may transmit a D2R signal including a midamble. The device may transmit midambles at intervals of M bits indicated by the leader. The interval between the preamble and the first midamble in the D2R signal may be M bits.

[0105] If the number of bits indicated by the midamble interval (e.g., M) is equal to the number of bits of the PDRCH (e.g., N), the device may transmit a midamble in a D2R transmission. In this case, the midamble may be transmitted from the end point of the PDRCH, the midamble end point may be equal to the end point of the D2R transmission, and the D2R signal may be composed of "preamble - PDRCH - midamble."

[0106] The leader can instruct the device to transmit a PDRCH consisting of N bits through PDRCH scheduling information. The leader can instruct the device to transmit M bits at midamble intervals through PDRCH scheduling information. The device can determine the number of midambles included in the D2R signal based on the N bits and the M bits. The number of midambles (K) included in the D2R signal can be determined based on the following mathematical expression 1. In other words, the device can determine the number of midambles (K) included in the D2R signal based on the following mathematical expression 1. Floor(X) can mean a floor operation for X. K can be a natural number.

[0107]

[0108] In a transmission of a D2R signal including a PDRCH consisting of N bits, a device may transmit K midambles spaced by M bits. The midamble after M bits from the preamble may be referred to as midamble #1. The midamble after M bits from midamble #1 may be referred to as midamble #2. Based on N and / or M indicated by the leader, the device may transmit a portion of the PDRCH after midamble #K. When a portion of the PDRCH is transmitted after midamble #K, the D2R signal may be configured as "preamble - PDRCH - midamble - ... - PDRCH". The number of bits (R) of the PDRCH transmitted after midamble #K may be determined based on Equation 2. In other words, the device may determine the number of bits (R) of the PDRCH transmitted after midamble #K based on Equation 2 below. Remain(N / M) can mean the remainder for the operation N divided by M.

[0109]

[0110] The end time of transmission of the R bits may be the same as the end time of transmission of the D2R signal. Independent of the indication of the midamble interval, the midamble may be transmitted at the end time of transmission of the PDRCH. In the time domain, the midamble may be transmitted subsequent to the end time of the PDRCH (e.g., the end time of transmission). The leader may transmit information indicating whether to transmit the midamble at the end time of transmission of the PDRCH to the device. The information indicating whether to transmit the midamble at the end time of transmission of the PDRCH may be included in the PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the leader to the device. The device may receive the PDRCH scheduling information from the leader and determine whether to transmit the midamble at the end time of transmission of the PDRCH based on the information included in the PDRCH scheduling information. If it is indicated to transmit the midamble at the end time of transmission of the PDRCH, the device may transmit the midamble at the end time of transmission of the PDRCH. If transmission of a midamble is not instructed at the end point of transmission of a PDRCH (e.g., if transmission of a midamble is not instructed at the end point of transmission of a PDRCH), the device may not transmit a midamble at the end point of transmission of the PDRCH.

[0111] The transmittable position(s) of the midamble may be predefined in the system. The leader may indicate one or more of the predefined transmittable positions(s) of the midamble to the device. Information indicating one or more of the transmittable positions of the midamble may be included in the PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the leader to the device. The device may transmit the midamble at one or more of the predefined transmittable positions(s) of the midamble as indicated by the leader. If the transmittable positions of the midamble are not indicated by the leader, the device may not transmit the midamble.

[0112] The leader can transmit information indicating the number of midambles transmitted by the device to the device. The information indicating the number of midambles transmitted by the device can be included in the PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the leader to the device. The device can receive the information indicating the number of midambles from the leader and transmit as many midambles as indicated by the leader. The transmission location of the midamble can be defined in advance. Alternatively, the transmission location of the midamble can be indicated by the leader.

[0113] The reader can transmit information about the length of a midamble transmitted by the device to the device. The information about the length of the midamble can be included in the PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the reader to the device. The midamble can be classified into a long midamble and a short midamble depending on the length of the sequence. A long midamble can have a long sequence. A short midamble can have a short sequence. The reader can transmit information indicating transmission (e.g., use) of either the long midamble or the short midamble to the device. In other words, the reader can transmit information indicating transmission in the form of a midamble (e.g., a long midamble or a short midamble) to the device. The information indicating transmission (e.g., use) of either the long midamble or the short midamble can be included in the PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the reader to the device. A device can receive midamble length information (e.g., information indicating transmission of either a long midamble or a short midamble) from a leader, and can transmit a midamble having a length indicated by the leader. The midamble length information can mean midamble shape information. The device can determine that all midambles in a PDRCH transmission scheduled by PDRCH scheduling information have a length (e.g., shape) indicated by the leader, and can transmit midambles having the same length (e.g., same shape).

[0114] The reader can transmit information about the length of a preamble transmitted by the device to the device. The preamble length information can be included in the PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the reader to the device. The preamble can be classified into a long preamble and a short preamble depending on the length of the sequence. The reader can transmit information indicating transmission (e.g., use) of either the long preamble or the short preamble to the device. In other words, the reader can transmit information indicating the transmission (e.g., use) of either the long preamble or the short preamble to the device. The information indicating transmission (e.g., use) of either the long preamble or the short preamble can be included in the PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the reader to the device. The device can receive the preamble length information (e.g., information indicating transmission of either the long preamble or the short preamble) from the reader and transmit a preamble having a length indicated by the reader.

[0115] The reader can transmit preamble length information and / or midamble length information to the device. The preamble length information and / or midamble length information may be included in PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the reader to the device. The preamble may be classified into a long preamble and a short preamble according to the length of the sequence. The midamble may be classified into a long midamble and a short midamble according to the length of the sequence. The reader may instruct the device to transmit "long preamble - long midamble" or "short preamble - short midamble". The device may receive the preamble length information and / or the midamble length information from the reader, and may transmit a preamble having a length indicated by the preamble length information, and may transmit a midamble having a length indicated by the midamble length information. The device may determine that all midambles in a PDRCH transmission scheduled by the PDRCH scheduling information have a length (e.g., shape) indicated by the leader, and may transmit midambles having the same length (e.g., same shape). If no midamble is transmitted in a PDRCH transmission scheduled by the PDRCH scheduling information, the device may apply the preamble length information and / or the midamble length information only to the preamble, and may transmit a preamble having a length indicated by the length information.

[0116] The reader can transmit preamble length information and / or midamble length information to the device. The reader can generate aggregate information about the preamble length and midamble length and transmit the aggregate information to the device. The aggregate information can indicate one of the following combinations.

[0117] - Long preamble + long midamble

[0118] - Long preamble + short midamble

[0119] - Short preamble + long midamble

[0120] - Short preamble + short preamble

[0121] The device can receive aggregated information from the leader, determine a combination indicated by the aggregated information, and transmit a preamble and / or a midamble based on the combination. The aggregated information can be included in PDRCH scheduling information transmitted by the leader to the device. If a midamble is not transmitted in a PDRCH transmission scheduled by the PDRCH scheduling information, the device can apply the preamble length information and / or the midamble length information only to the preamble, and transmit the preamble based on the length information.

[0122] In the transmission of a D2R signal, in the time domain, a PDRCH located before the midamble may be referred to as PDRCH #1, and a PDRCH located after the midamble may be referred to as PDRCH #2. The device may individually (e.g., independently) add CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) bits (e.g., CRC fields) to PDRCH #1 and PDRCH #2. For example, CRC #1 may be added to PDRCH #1, and CRC #2 may be added to PDRCH #2. The reader may perform an independent reception operation (e.g., CRC operation) for each of PDRCH #1 and PDRCH #2. The reader may individually determine whether each of PDRCH #1 and PDRCH #2 is normally received.

[0123] The midamble can be configured in the form of a binary sequence. The midamble can be configured identically to the preamble. The device can generate waveforms for the preamble and midamble using the same sequence, and the locations of exceptional waveforms can be set differently in the preamble and midamble. The midamble can be configured identically to the postamble. The device can generate waveforms for the midamble and postamble using the same sequence, and the locations of exceptional waveforms can be set differently in the midamble and postamble.

[0124] In the transmission of a D2R signal, a postamble will be described. The postamble may or may not be configured depending on the system configuration. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the postamble may be configured after the PDRCH. In the time domain, the postamble may be transmitted continuously after the PDRCH. The postamble may be configured as a signal of a predefined format. When the reader detects the postamble, the reader may determine that the PDRCH transmission (e.g., the D2R transmission including the postamble) has ended. The reader may determine the end time of the PDRCH transmission based on the postamble detection. In the present disclosure, a PDRCH transmission may be interpreted as a transmission of a D2R signal including the PDRCH depending on the context, a PRDCH transmission may be interpreted as a transmission of an R2D signal including the PRDCH depending on the context, a D2R transmission may be interpreted as a transmission of a D2R signal, and an R2D transmission may be interpreted as a transmission of an R2D signal.

[0125] The configuration of the postamble will be described. The postamble can be predefined in the system. The postamble can be a signal in a form already known to the reader. The postamble can be configured in a form different from code 0 or code 1 of the line code applied to the preamble and / or PRDCH. The postamble can be configured in the form of a signal having an amplitude greater than a certain size during a certain time period. The amplitude (e.g., the magnitude of the amplitude) of the postamble can be 1. The length of the time period of the postamble can be greater than one chip period of the line code applied to the preamble, midamble, and / or PDRCH. The length of the time period of the postamble can be configured variably according to the chip period of the line code applied to the preamble and / or PDRCH. The length of the time period of the postamble can be configured as a multiple of the chip period of the line code applied to the preamble and / or PDRCH.

[0126] A scheduling method for the PDRCH will be described. PDRCH scheduling information can be indicated via the PRDCH. The leader can transmit a PRDCH (e.g., an R2D signal) containing PDRCH scheduling information to the device. The device can receive the PRDCH from the leader and check the PDRCH scheduling information contained in the PRDCH. The device can perform PDRCH transmission (e.g., D2R transmission) using the PDRCH scheduling information received via the PRDCH. The PRDCH containing the PDRCH scheduling information can be transmitted before the PDRCH.

[0127] PDRCH scheduling information may include one or more of the following information:

[0128] - Modulation method

[0129] - Line code information

[0130] - FEC (forward error correction) information

[0131] - TB size

[0132] - Time resource information

[0133] - Frequency resource information

[0134] - ID information

[0135] - Repeat transmission information

[0136] - MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information

[0137] - Midamble information

[0138] The modulation method may refer to the modulation method used for PDRCH transmission. The modulation method may indicate the OOK method or the BPSK method. The line code information may include information on the method of the line code used for the PDRCH. The line code information may include the chip period of the line code used for PDRCH transmission.

[0139] FEC information may include information related to a channel code used for the PDRCH. The FEC information may include information indicating whether the channel code is applied to the PDRCH. The FEC information may include the code rate of the channel code used for the PDRCH. For example, the code rate indicated by the FEC information may be 1 or 1 / 3. A code rate of 1 may mean that the channel code is not applied. The channel code may be a convolutional code.

[0140] TB size can refer to the size of a TB for PDRCH transmission. TB size can refer to the quantity (e.g., size) of information bits transmitted via the PDRCH. Alternatively, TB size can refer to the size of the payload transmitted via the PDRCH. TB size can be indicated in bytes. TB size can be indicated with bit information. The length of the bit information indicating TB size can be 7 bits.

[0141] The time resource information may include information on the time resource through which the PDRCH is transmitted. The time resource information may include information on the length of the PDRCH (e.g., information on the time interval). The time resource information may include information on the transmission time of the PDRCH. The frequency resource information may include information on the frequency resource through which the PDRCH is transmitted. The frequency resource information may include at least one of information on the frequency location or bandwidth through which the PDRCH is transmitted. The ID information may indicate the ID of the device transmitting the PDRCH. The ID information may indicate the ID of the leader receiving the PDRCH.

[0142] The repetitive transmission information may include information indicating whether the PDRCH is repeatedly transmitted, the number of times the PDRCH is repeatedly transmitted, the type of repetitive transmission of the PDRCH, and / or information on the form of the repetitive transmission of the PDRCH. If the PDRCH is repeatedly transmitted, the repetitive transmission information may include information on the type of repetitive transmission of the PDRCH. The repetitive transmission information may indicate whether the PDRCH is repeated in bit units. Alternatively, the repetitive transmission information may indicate whether the PDRCH is repeated in block units. A block may mean a TB. A block may be a block (e.g., bit(s)) generated by inserting a CRC into information bits in a higher layer or a physical layer. Alternatively, the repetitive transmission information may indicate whether the PDRCH is repeated in chip units. A chip may mean a chip of a modulation symbol, a demodulation symbol, or a line code. If the PDRCH is repeatedly transmitted, repetitive transmission may mean repetitive transmission within one PDRCH. The number of PDRCHs transmitted may not change depending on whether repetitive transmission is applied.

[0143] MCS information may include information about a modulation scheme and / or code rate used for PDRCH transmission. Midamble information may include information about a transmission interval and / or a midamble length of a midamble used for PDRCH transmission. A method of indicating a chip period among PDRCH scheduling information will be described. The chip period may be included in line code information. The chip period may be a chip period in the embodiment of FIG. 7. Alternatively, the chip period may be a time section corresponding to the amplitude of one of the chip periods in the embodiment of FIG. 7. The chip period may be half of the chip period in the embodiment of FIG. 7. Alternatively, the chip period may be the length of one modulated symbol in the time domain. The chip period may be used in the same sense as the chip length.

[0144] The chip period of the PDRCH can be indicated through PRDCH control information. The reader can transmit information on the chip period used for PDRCH transmission using the PRDCH control information. The device can receive the PRDCH control information and, based on the PRDCH control information (e.g., PDRCH scheduling information), determine information on the chip period used for PDRCH transmission. The values ​​of the chip periods available for PDRCH transmission can be predefined. The reader can indicate one of the values ​​of the available chip periods to the device using the PRDCH control information. The device can determine one of the values ​​of the available chip periods indicated by the reader among the predefined values ​​of the available chip periods and use the chip period indicated by the reader as the chip period for PDRCH transmission.

[0145] The length of a chip period (e.g., a time interval) can be predefined, and the indication of the chip period can indicate the predefined value (e.g., length). The number of bits transmitted in one symbol can be predefined, and the indication of the chip period can indicate the predefined value (e.g., the number of bits). The device can determine one chip period based on the result of dividing the length of one symbol by the number of bits.

[0146] The chip period of the PDRCH may be indicated by the R2D preamble (e.g., a preamble included in the R2D signal). In an R2D transmission, the R2D preamble may refer to a preamble transmitted before the PRDCH in the time domain. The PRDCH may include scheduling information for the PDRCH transmitted using the chip period of the PDRCH. The PRDCH transmission and the PDRCH transmission may be performed using the same chip period. The chip period indicated by the R2D preamble may indicate the chip period of the PRDCH. The chip period indicated by the R2D preamble may indicate the chip period of the PDRCH. In other words, the chip period of the PRDCH and the chip period of the PDRCH may be indicated by the same R2D preamble. The device may determine the chip period based on the R2D preamble and perform PRDCH reception using the determined chip period. The device can determine the chip period based on the R2D preamble and perform PDRCH transmission using the determined chip period. If the chip period for the R2D preamble is assumed to be the same as the chip period of the PRDCH and / or the chip period of the PDRCH, the above-described method of indicating the chip period based on the R2D preamble can be used.

[0147] The chip period of the PDRCH may be indicated through an R2D preamble and PRDCH control information (e.g., a control channel). The R2D signal may include a preamble (e.g., an R2D preamble) and a PRDCH, and the PRDCH may include control information and a payload. The control information included in the PRDCH may be referred to as PRDCH control information. The payload included in the PRDCH may be referred to as PRDCH payload (e.g., PRDCH data). The leader may transmit an R2D signal including an R2D preamble to a device. In the present disclosure, the R2D signal may be interpreted as a PRDCH depending on the context. The device may receive the R2D signal from the leader and determine the chip period used in the R2D preamble included in the R2D signal. The PRDCH control information may include an offset for determining the chip period of the PDRCH. The device can determine the chip period used for PDRCH transmission by applying an offset to the chip period used in the R2D preamble. The offset can be set to a multiple of the chip period used in the R2D preamble. For example, the chip period used in the R2D preamble can be T, and the offset indicated by the reader can be N. N can be an actual value or an index corresponding to the actual value.

[0148] The device can determine the chip period (S) used for PDRCH transmission based on the chip period (T) and the offset (N). The device can determine the chip period (S) used for PDRCH transmission based on the following mathematical expression 3.

[0149]

[0150] In mathematical expression 3, N may be a natural number or a fraction with a natural number as the denominator. In another embodiment, the device may determine the chip period (S) used for PDRCH transmission based on mathematical expression 4 below. In mathematical expression 4, N may be an integer.

[0151]

[0152] As another embodiment, the chip period of the D2R transmission may be determined based on the PDRCH transmission bandwidth. The device can be determined as the chip period of the PDRCH. In this case, a communication node (e.g., a device and / or a leader) can determine the chip period of the PDRCH based on the PDRCH transmission bandwidth without a separate instruction regarding the chip period of the PDRCH.

[0153] A method for scheduling time resources for PDRCH transmission will be described. The start time of PDRCH transmission can be determined based on PDRCH scheduling information included in the PRDCH (e.g., PDRCH scheduling information transmitted via the PRDCH). The leader can indicate PDRCH transmission time information (e.g., start time information) to the device through PDRCH scheduling information in the PDRCH control information included in the PRDCH (e.g., PDRCH control information transmitted via the PRDCH). The device can determine the PDRCH transmission time based on the information indicated by the leader.

[0154] The PDRCH transmission timing information may mean at least one of a start timing of PDRCH transmission or an end timing of PDRCH transmission. The start timing of PDRCH transmission may mean "the start timing of PDRCH" or "the start timing of D2R transmission including the PDRCH and a preamble positioned before the PDRCH." The end timing of PDRCH transmission may mean "the end timing of PDRCH" or "the end timing of D2R transmission including the PDRCH and a postamble positioned after the PDRCH." If PDRCH transmission is possible at the PDRCH transmission timing indicated by the leader, the device may transmit the PDRCH. If PDRCH transmission is not possible at the PDRCH transmission timing indicated by the leader, the device may not transmit the PDRCH.

[0155] The time unit indicating the PDRCH transmission time point may be the time unit of PRDCH transmission including PDRCH scheduling information. The PDRCH transmission time point may be indicated using the time unit used for PRDCH transmission (e.g., the length of a modulation symbol, the chip period of a line code). Alternatively, the time unit indicating the PDRCH transmission time point may be the time unit used for PDRCH transmission. The PDRCH transmission time point may be indicated using the time unit used for PDRCH transmission (e.g., the length of a modulation symbol, the chip period of a line code).

[0156] The time unit indicating the PDRCH transmission point can be indicated based on the minimum time unit supported by the system. The PDRCH transmission point can be indicated using the minimum length of the modulation symbol used for PRDCH transmission or PDRCH transmission and / or the minimum chip period of the line code. The minimum length of the modulation symbol and / or the minimum chip period of the line code can vary depending on the M value supported for the OOK-4(M) modulation scheme. The minimum time unit can be derived based on the length of the modulation symbol and / or the chip period of the line code based on the maximum M value supported in the OOK-M modulation scheme.

[0157] The time unit indicating the PDRCH transmission point can be indicated based on the PRDCH length or the PDRCH length. The PDRCH transmission point can be indicated by the time unit (e.g., length unit) of the PRDCH that schedules the PDRCH. The PDRCH transmission point can be indicated by the time unit (e.g., length unit) of the PDRCH scheduled by the PRDCH.

[0158] The time unit indicating the PDRCH transmission time point may be indicated based on the length of an OFDM symbol of a communication system (e.g., an NR communication system). In other words, the PDRCH transmission time point may be indicated based on the length of an OFDM symbol of a communication system (e.g., an NR communication system). The time unit indicating the PDRCH transmission time point may be an absolute time unit (e.g., μs).

[0159] The start time of PDRCH transmission may be indicated by a time offset from a reference point. The reference point may be the end time of transmission of a PRDCH including PDRCH scheduling information. The end time of PRDCH transmission may be the end time of transmission of the last bit information of the PRDCH. The end time of transmission of the last bit information of the PRDCH may be the end time of the bit immediately before the device confirms the end of PRDCH transmission by detecting a postamble or an abnormal code of Manchester coding. Alternatively, the end time of PRDCH transmission may refer to the end time of transmission of an R2D signal including a postamble or an abnormal code of Manchester coding. Alternatively, when padding bits are transmitted from the end time of PRDCH transmission to the OFDM symbol boundary, the end time of PRDCH transmission may refer to the end time of the padding bit. Alternatively, when padding bits are transmitted from the end time of PRDCH transmission to the OFDM symbol boundary, the end time of PRDCH transmission may refer to the end time of the bit immediately before the padding bit.

[0160] Figure 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PDRCH scheduling method.

[0161] Referring to FIG. 11, a leader may transmit a PRDCH (e.g., an R2D signal) containing PDRCH scheduling information to a device. The PDRCH scheduling information may include information on the transmission timing of the PDRCH. The device may receive the PRDCH from the leader and check the information on the transmission timing of the PDRCH through the PRDCH. If the PDRCH can be transmitted at the timing indicated by the PRDCH (e.g., the PDRCH scheduling information), the device may transmit the PDRCH. If the PDRCH cannot be transmitted at the timing indicated by the PRDCH (e.g., the PDRCH scheduling information), the device may not transmit the PDRCH.

[0162] As another embodiment of the PDRCH scheduling method, time interval information for PDRCH transmission may be included in the PRDCH (e.g., PDRCH scheduling information). If PDRCH transmission is possible within the time interval indicated by the PRDCH (e.g., PDRCH scheduling information), the device may transmit the PDRCH. If PDRCH transmission is not possible within the time interval indicated by the PRDCH (e.g., PDRCH scheduling information), the device may not transmit the PDRCH.

[0163] A communication node (e.g., a device and / or a leader) may identify a time interval (e.g., time interval information) based on the start time and end time of the time interval. Alternatively, a communication node (e.g., a device and / or a leader) may identify a time interval (e.g., time interval information) based on the start time and length of the time interval. For ease of explanation, in the present disclosure, a time interval may be referred to as a PDRCH transmission window.

[0164] The start time of the PDRCH transmission window may be indicated based on a time offset from the end time of the PRDCH transmission. The end time of the PRDCH transmission may refer to the end time of the PRDCH or the end time of the postamble following the PRDCH. Alternatively, the start time of the PDRCH transmission window may be indicated based on a time offset from the end time of transmission of the PRDCH control information. Alternatively, the start time of the PDRCH transmission window may be indicated based on a time offset from the start time of the PRDCH transmission.

[0165] The end point of the PDRCH transmission window may be indicated based on a time offset from the end point of the PRDCH transmission. The end point of the PRDCH transmission may mean the end point of the PRDCH or the end point of the postamble following the PRDCH. Alternatively, the end point of the PDRCH transmission window may be indicated based on a time offset from the end point of the transmission of the PRDCH control information. Alternatively, the end point of the PDRCH transmission window may be indicated based on a time offset from the start point of the PRDCH transmission. Alternatively, the end point of the PDRCH transmission window may be determined based on a start point of the PDRCH transmission window and a length of a time interval of the PDRCH transmission window.

[0166] The start and end points of the PDRCH transmission window may be predefined points in time (e.g., values). The predefined points in time may be defined based on a time offset from a reference time point (e.g., a PRDCH end point). The device may check the PRDCH reception end point and PDRCH scheduling information by receiving the PRDCH. The device may check the PDRCH transmission window information using the start and end points of the PDRCH transmission window predefined in the system. The device may perform PDRCH transmission within the PDRCH transmission window. If PDRCH transmission cannot be performed within the PDRCH transmission window, the device may not perform the PDRCH transmission.

[0167] In another embodiment, at least one of the start time or the end time of the PDRCH transmission window may be a predefined time (e.g., a value). The predefined time may be defined based on a time offset from a reference time (e.g., the end time of the PRDCH). One of the start time or the end time of the PDRCH transmission window that is not predefined may be indicated to the device by PDRCH scheduling information included in the PRDCH. The device may check the end time of PRDCH reception and the PDRCH scheduling information by receiving the PRDCH. The device may check the PDRCH transmission window information using the "start time or end time of the PDRCH transmission window" and / or the "end time or start time of the PDRCH transmission window indicated by the PDRCH scheduling information included in the PRDCH" predefined in the system. The device may perform PDRCH transmission within the PDRCH transmission window. If the PDRCH transmission cannot be performed within the PDRCH transmission window, the device may not perform the PDRCH transmission.

[0168] Information on the start and end times of a PDRCH transmission window can be indicated to a device by PDRCH scheduling information transmitted via PRDCH. The device can check the PRDCH reception end time and PDRCH scheduling information by receiving the PRDCH. The device can check PDRCH transmission window information using information on the start and end times of the PDRCH transmission window in the PDRCH scheduling information received via PRDCH. The device can perform PDRCH transmission within the PDRCH transmission window. If PDRCH transmission cannot be performed within the PDRCH transmission window, the device may not perform the PDRCH transmission.

[0169] The leader can perform signal monitoring for PDRCH reception based on the PDRCH transmission timing information instructed to the device. If the PDRCH is not received at the transmission timing instructed to the device, the leader can determine that the PDRCH transmission was not performed by the device. The leader can determine that the PRDCH containing PDRCH scheduling information was not successfully received by the device. The leader can perform retransmission for the PRDCH containing PDRCH scheduling information.

[0170] When PDRCH transmission window information for PDRCH transmission is instructed to the device, the leader may perform signal monitoring for PDRCH reception within the PDRCH transmission window. The leader may not perform signal monitoring for PDRCH reception after the end point of the PDRCH transmission window.

[0171] Figure 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PDRCH scheduling method.

[0172] Referring to FIG. 12, the leader can indicate PDRCH transmission window information to the device via PRDCH. The device can check the PDRCH transmission window information by receiving the PRDCH. If PDRCH transmission is possible at the time indicated by the PRDCH, the device can transmit the PDRCH within the PDRCH transmission window. If PDRCH transmission is not possible within the PDRCH transmission window indicated by the PRDCH, the device may not transmit the PDRCH.

[0173] A device can perform PDRCH transmission. A leader can receive a PDRCH from the device and transmit a PRDCH corresponding to the PDRCH. The device can perform signal monitoring for PRDCH reception. The device can perform PRDCH signal monitoring after a time offset from the time of transmitting the PDRCH. The device may not perform PRDCH signal monitoring before the time offset from the time of transmitting the PDRCH. The leader can perform PRDCH transmission after a time offset from the time of receiving the PDRCH. The leader may not perform PRDCH transmission before the time offset from the time of receiving the PDRCH.

[0174] The above time offset may be defined as the minimum time offset from the end time of PDRCH transmission to the start time of PRDCH transmission. The end time of PDRCH transmission may mean the end time of transmission of the PDRCH (e.g., PDRCH signal). Alternatively, the end time of PDRCH transmission may mean the end time of transmission of a D2R signal including the PDRCH and a signal after the PDRCH (e.g., a midamble or a postamble). The start time of PRDCH transmission may mean the start time of transmission of the PRDCH (e.g., PRDCH signal). Alternatively, the start time of PRDCH transmission may mean the end time of transmission of an R2D signal including the PRDCH and a signal before the PRDCH (e.g., a preamble).

[0175] The time offset may be a predefined value. Alternatively, the time offset may be a value set by the system (e.g., a communication system). For example, the leader may signal the time offset to the device. The device may receive the time offset via the leader's signal. The time offset may be indicated using the time unit used for PDRCH transmission. Alternatively, the time offset may be indicated using the time unit used for PRDCH transmission.

[0176] The PRDCH configuration indicating PDRCH scheduling information will be described.

[0177] Figure 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a PRDCH configuration in a communication network.

[0178] Referring to FIG. 13, a PRDCH may include control information and a payload. The control information included in the PRDCH may refer to PRDCH control information. The payload included in the PRDCH may refer to a PRDCH payload. The control information may include at least one of PRDCH scheduling information or PDRCH scheduling information. The control information may be transmitted at the beginning of the PRDCH. The payload may be transmitted after the control information. Within the control information, the PRDCH scheduling information may be present in the front region in the time domain, and the PDRCH scheduling information may be present after the PRDCH scheduling information. The PRDCH scheduling information and the PDRCH scheduling information may be transmitted continuously without a time gap.

[0179] PDRCH scheduling information may or may not be transmitted within the PRDCH control information depending on the system configuration. Whether the PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information may be indicated by information within the PRDCH control information. Whether the PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information may be indicated using bit information within the PRDCH control information. The length of the PRDCH control information may vary based on whether the PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information. If the PRDCH control information does not include PDRCH scheduling information, the PRDCH control information may include PRDCH scheduling information and information indicating whether the PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information. In this case, the PDRCH scheduling information may not be transmitted via the PRDCH. If the PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information, the PRDCH control information may include PRDCH scheduling information, information indicating whether the PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information, and PDRCH scheduling information. Using information indicating whether PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information, a device can determine the length of the time interval of control information in a PRDCH transmission. Using information indicating whether PRDCH control information includes PDRCH scheduling information, a device can determine whether a PRDCH transmission schedules a PDRCH transmission.

[0180] PRDCH control information can be transmitted separately from the PRDCH. The PRDCH control information and the PRDCH can be multiplexed in the time domain, and the PRDCH control information and PRDCH multiplexed in the time domain can be transmitted. A separate time domain (e.g., time resource) can be allocated for transmitting the PRDCH control information, and the PRDCH control information can be transmitted in the allocated time domain. The PRDCH control information and the PRDCH can be transmitted using different PRDCH formats. For example, the PRDCH format for transmitting the PRDCH control information and the PRDCH format for transmitting the PRDCH can exist independently. The PRDCH control information and the PRDCH can be transmitted using each PRDCH format. The PRDCH control information can be transmitted using a MAC CE. In other words, the PRDCH control information can be included in the MAC CE. The PDRCH scheduling information can be transmitted using the MAC CE. The PRDCH scheduling information can be transmitted using a physical layer channel (e.g., L1-control information, DCI).

[0181] When transmitting PRDCH control information, PRDCH scheduling information and PDRCH scheduling information can be transmitted in different ways. Some of the PRDCH scheduling information can be transmitted via physical layer messages (e.g., L1-control information, DCI), and the rest of the PRDCH scheduling information can be included in an R2D signal (e.g., PRDCH). Some of the PRDCH scheduling information can be multiplexed and transmitted in the PRDCH payload and physical layer messages in the time domain. Some of the PRDCH scheduling information can be transmitted via higher layer messages. Some of the PDRCH scheduling information can be transmitted via physical layer messages. Some of the PDRCH scheduling information can be transmitted via higher layer messages.

[0182] Some scheduling information may be information commonly applied to PRDCH scheduling and PDRCH scheduling. For example, the ID (identifier) ​​information of a device receiving a PRDCH and the ID information of a device receiving PDRCH scheduling information may be information commonly applied to PRDCH scheduling and PDRCH scheduling. The ID information may be included in the PRDCH scheduling information and / or the PDRCH scheduling information, and the ID information may be used for PRDCH scheduling and PDRCH scheduling. For example, the ID information may be included in the PRDCH scheduling information, and the ID information included in the PRDCH scheduling information may be used for PRDCH scheduling and PDRCH scheduling. The ID information may be transmitted via a physical layer message. Alternatively, the ID information may be transmitted via a higher layer message.

[0183] CRC bits (e.g., a CRC field) may be inserted into a PDRCH. Different CRC bits may be inserted into the PDRCH depending on the time length or bit length of the PDRCH. Different CRC bits may be inserted into the PDRCH based on whether the length of the PDRCH exceeds a threshold. CRC bits having a long length may be inserted into a PDRCH having a long length. CRC bits having a short length may be inserted into a PDRCH having a short length. For example, when the information length of the PDRCH is less than or equal to X bits, a CRC consisting of A bits may be applied to the PDRCH. When the information length of the PDRCH exceeds X bits, a CRC consisting of B bits may be applied to the PDRCH. Each of X, A, and B may be a natural number. For example, X may be 24, A may be 6, and B may be 16.

[0184] In another embodiment, whether to insert a CRC bit may be determined based on whether the length of the PDRCH (e.g., information length) exceeds a threshold. If the length of the PDRCH is less than or equal to Y bits, the CRC may not be inserted into the PDRCH. If the length of the PDRCH exceeds Y bits, the CRC may be inserted into the PDRCH. In another embodiment, whether to insert a CRC bit may be determined based on the type of message transmitted via the PDRCH.

[0185] The leader can verify the successful reception of the PDRCH based on a CRC check (e.g., a CRC check) for the PDRCH. If the leader successfully receives the PDRCH, the leader can transmit ACK information for the PDRCH to the device. If the leader fails to successfully receive the PDRCH, the leader can transmit NACK information for the PDRCH to the device.

[0186] CRC bits (e.g., a CRC field) may be inserted into the PRDCH. For example, the leader may apply one CRC (e.g., one CRC encoding) to the control information and the payload within the PRDCH. For another example, the leader may apply one CRC (e.g., one CRC encoding) to the control information within the PRDCH and another CRC (e.g., another CRC encoding) to the payload within the PRDCH. In other words, CRC checks for the control information and the payload within the PRDCH may be performed independently. When inserting CRC bits into the PRDCH, different CRC bits may be inserted into the PRDCH depending on the time length or bit length of the PRDCH. For example, different CRC bits may be inserted into the PRDCH based on whether the length of the PRDCH exceeds a threshold. CRC bits having a longer length may be inserted into a PRDCH having a longer length. A CRC bit having a short length can be inserted into a PRDCH having a short length. For example, when the length of the PRDCH (e.g., information length) is less than or equal to X bits, a CRC composed of A bits can be applied to the PRDCH. When the length of the PRDCH exceeds X bits, a CRC composed of B bits can be applied to the PRDCH. Each of X, A, and B can be a natural number. For example, X can be 24, A can be 6, and B can be 16.

[0187] In another embodiment, whether to insert a CRC bit may be determined based on whether the length of the PRDCH (e.g., information length) exceeds a threshold. If the length of the PRDCH is Y bits or less, the CRC may not be inserted into the PRDCH. If the length of the PRDCH exceeds Y bits, the CRC may be inserted into the PRDCH. In another embodiment, whether to insert a CRC bit may be determined based on the type of message transmitted via the PRDCH.

[0188] The device can determine whether the PRDCH has been successfully received based on a CRC check (e.g., a CRC check) for the PRDCH. If the device successfully receives the PRDCH, the device can transmit ACK information for the PRDCH to the leader. If the device fails to successfully receive the PRDCH, the device can transmit NACK information for the PRDCH to the leader.

[0189] A device can transmit PDRCH control information to a leader. The PDRCH control information can include at least one of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information (e.g., ACK or NACK) for PRDCH transmission or device operation information. The PDRCH control information can be transmitted via a physical layer message. Alternatively, the PDRCH control information can be transmitted via a higher layer message (e.g., MAC CE). The device operation information can include at least one of battery information of the device, next operation time information of the device, or time information at which the device can receive a signal. The leader can receive the PDRCH control information from the device, and based on the PDRCH control information, can determine at least one of whether the device has received the PRDCH or the device operation information.

[0190] A device can multiplex PDRCH control information and a PDRCH in the time domain, and transmit the multiplexed PDRCH control information and PDRCH to a reader. The device can transmit the PDRCH control information and the PDRCH payload (e.g., PDRCH data) using independent PDRCH formats. A PDRCH format for transmitting PDRCH control information and a PDRCH format for transmitting PDRCH data can be defined. The device can transmit PDRCH control information using the PDRCH format for transmitting PDRCH control information.

[0191] A transmission method for the PDRCH will be described. A device can transmit the PDRCH using a single-carrier-based transmission method. Depending on the type of the device, the PDRCH can be transmitted using backscattering through impedance matching of a signal received by the device. Depending on the type of the device, the PDRCH can be transmitted by generating a signal on its own. To supply power required for signal transmission and / or signal reception, the device can utilize an energy harvesting method that charges energy from a radio frequency (RF) signal.

[0192] The transmission bandwidth of the PDRCH will be explained. In communication systems utilizing a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing (e.g., 4G, 5G, and 6G communication systems), the transmission bandwidth of the PDRCH can be set to a multiple of 180 kHz, which is the bandwidth of one Physical Resource Block (PRB). Alternatively, the transmission bandwidth of the PDRCH can be set to a multiple of 150 kHz. Alternatively, the transmission bandwidth of the PDRCH can be set to a multiple of 15 kHz.

[0193] The transmission bands of PRDCH will be described. PRDCH can be transmitted using one of the three bands below.

[0194] - Same band as NR / LTE communication system

[0195] - Guard Band of NR / LTE communication system

[0196] - Independent band

[0197] Multiple access (MA) techniques can be applied for D2R transmissions (e.g., PDRCH transmissions) between multiple devices. Depending on the system configuration, either TDMA (time domain multiple access) or FDMA (frequency domain multiple access) can be used. Both TDMA and FDMA can be used, depending on the system configuration.

[0198] The TDMA scheme may be based on a slot-based Aloha scheme. In the slot-based Aloha scheme, time resources may be divided into slot units, and a random access procedure may be performed based on slots. The leader may transmit resource information for TDMA to the device. The information for TDMA may be referred to as TDMA configuration information. In the present disclosure, the information transmitted by the leader to the device may be included in an R2D signal (e.g., PRDCH control information), and the information transmitted by the device to the leader may be included in a D2R signal (e.g., PDRCH control information). The leader may transmit at least one of information on the length of a time interval of a slot, information on the start time of a slot, or information on the total number of slots to the device. The device may receive the information from the leader and use the received information for TDMA.

[0199] In TDMA mode, a device can perform D2R transmission using one of one or more time resources. The D2R transmission can include a PDRCH. TDMA configuration information can be indicated by a leader. The leader can transmit PDRCH scheduling information including the TDMA configuration information to the device. The PDRCH scheduling information can be transmitted via a PRDCH. The device can receive the PRDCH from the leader, check the PDRCH scheduling information included in the PRDCH, and check the TDMA configuration information based on the PDRCH scheduling information.

[0200] A leader can designate one or more time resources to a device as time resources for PDRCH transmission. The leader can designate one or two time resources to a device as time resources for PDRCH transmission. The leader can allocate one or two time resources to a device depending on the message type for PDRCH transmission. If one time resource is designated by the leader, the device can perform PDRCH transmission using one time resource. If two time resources are designated by the leader, the device can randomly select one of the two time resources and perform PDRCH transmission using the selected time resource.

[0201] The leader can indicate to the device the number of time resources used for PDRCH transmission. The leader can indicate to the device the number of time resources using a single bit. Information indicating the number of time resources can be included in the PDRCH scheduling information, and the PDRCH scheduling information can be transmitted to the device.

[0202] The leader may indicate to the device the location(s) of one or more time resources for PDRCH transmission. The location of a first time resource among the location(s) of one or more time resources may be indicated based on a time offset (T1) from the end point of the PRDCH transmitting PDRCH scheduling information.

[0203] The end point of PRDCH transmission may be the end point of transmission of the last bit information of the PRDCH. The end point of transmission of the last bit information of the PRDCH may mean the end point of the bit immediately before the device confirms the end of PRDCH transmission by detecting a postamble or an abnormal code of Manchester coding. Alternatively, the end point of PRDCH transmission may mean the end point of R2D transmission including the postamble or an abnormal code of Manchester coding. Alternatively, if padding bits are transmitted from the end point of PRDCH transmission to the OFDM symbol boundary, the end point of PRDCH transmission may be the end point of the padding bit. Alternatively, if padding bits are transmitted from the end point of PRDCH transmission to the OFDM symbol boundary, the end point of PRDCH transmission may mean the end point of the bit immediately before the padding bit.

[0204] The time offset (T1) may be a value predefined in the system. Alternatively, the time offset (T1) may be a value indicated from the leader to the device. The leader may generate PDRCH scheduling information including information related to the time offset (T1) and transmit the PDRCH scheduling information to the device. The device may receive the PDRCH scheduling information from the leader and determine information related to the time offset (T1) based on the PDRCH scheduling information. Alternatively, the time offset (T1) may be a value determined based on the message type of the PRDCH transmitted by the leader and / or the message type of the PDRCH transmitted by the device.

[0205] The leader may indicate to the device the location(s) of one or more time resources for PDRCH transmission. The location of a second time resource among the location(s) of one or more time resources may be indicated based on a time offset (T2) from the end time of the PRDCH transmitting PDRCH scheduling information.

[0206] In another embodiment, the location of a second time resource among the location(s) of one or more time resources may be indicated based on a time offset (T3) from the location of the first time resource. The device may receive information related to the time offset (T1) from the leader, and determine the location of the first time resource based on the information related to the time offset (T1). The device may receive a time offset (T3) from the location of the first time resource to the location of the second time resource from the leader. The device may determine the location of the second time resource based on the transmission end time of the PRDCH including the PDRCH scheduling information, the time offset (T1), and / or the time offset (T3).

[0207] The time offset (T3) may refer to the time interval from the start time of the first time resource to the start time of the second time resource. The time offset (T3) may refer to the time interval from the end time of the first time resource to the start time of the second time resource. The end time of the first time resource may be identified using the start time of the first time resource and the length information of the PDRCH transmitted using the time resource.

[0208] The time offset (T2) and / or the time offset (T3) may be values ​​predefined in the system. Alternatively, the time offset (T2) and / or the time offset (T3) may be values ​​indicated from the leader to the device. The leader may transmit PDRCH scheduling information including the time offset (T2) and / or the time offset (T3) to the device. The PDRCH scheduling information may include information related to the time offset (T2) and / or information related to the time offset (T3). The device may receive the PDRCH scheduling information from the leader and determine the time offset (T2) and / or the time offset (T3) based on the PDRCH scheduling information. In another embodiment, the time offset (T2) and / or the time offset (T3) may be values ​​determined based on the message type of the PRDCH transmitted by the leader and / or the message type of the PDRCH transmitted by the device.

[0209] The time offset (T1), time offset (T2), and / or time offset (T3) may be indicated as a time unit used for PRDCH transmission that carries PDRCH scheduling information. For example, the PDRCH transmission time point may be indicated using the length of the modulation symbol used for PRDCH transmission or the chip period of the line code.

[0210] In another embodiment, the time offset (T1), the time offset (T2), and / or the time offset (T3) may be indicated in terms of the time unit used for PDRCH transmission. For example, the PDRCH transmission time point may be indicated using the length of the modulation symbol used for PDRCH transmission or the chip period of the line code.

[0211] In another embodiment, the time offset (T1), the time offset (T2), and / or the time offset (T3) may be indicated based on the minimum time unit supported by the system. For example, the PDRCH transmission time point may be indicated using the minimum length of the modulation symbol or the minimum chip period of the line code used for each of the PRDCH transmission and the PDRCH transmission. The minimum length of the modulation symbol or the minimum chip period of the line code may vary depending on the M value supported for the OOK-4(M) modulation scheme in the system. The minimum time unit may be derived based on the length of the modulation symbol or the chip period of the line code when the maximum M value supported by the system is used in the OOK-M modulation scheme. M may be a natural number. M may be the number of coded bits per OFDM symbol.

[0212] In another embodiment, the time offset (T1), the time offset (T2), and / or the time offset (T3) may be indicated based on the PRDCH length or the PDRCH length. For example, the PDRCH transmission time may be indicated in units of the time length of the PRDCH that schedules the PDRCH. Alternatively, the PDRCH transmission time may be indicated in units of the time length of the PDRCH scheduled by the PRDCH.

[0213] In another embodiment, the time offset (T1), the time offset (T2), and / or the time offset (T3) may be indicated in units of length of an OFDM symbol of the system (e.g., an NR system). For example, the PDRCH transmission time may be indicated in units of length of an OFDM symbol of the system. Alternatively, the time offset (T1), the time offset (T2), and / or the time offset (T3) may be indicated in units of absolute time (e.g., μs).

[0214] A device can perform PDRCH transmission using one of the time resources indicated by the leader. If one time resource is indicated by the leader, the device can perform PDRCH transmission on the time resource as in the embodiment of FIG. 11. Alternatively, if one time resource is indicated by the leader, the device can perform PDRCH transmission within a PDRCH transmission window as in the embodiment of FIG. 12. If two time resources are indicated by the leader, the device can perform PDRCH transmission on one of the two time resources as in the embodiment of FIG. 11.

[0215] The FDMA method can be applied differently depending on the device type. A device that transmits the PDRCH using backscattering through impedance matching of the signal received by the device may be referred to as "Device Type 1." A device that transmits the PDRCH by generating the signal itself may be referred to as "Device Type 2."

[0216] For FDMA for device type 2, the leader may transmit PDRCH scheduling information including information indicating frequency resources for PDRCH transmission to the device, and the device may perform PDRCH transmission on the frequency resources indicated by the PDRCH scheduling information received from the leader. Information for FDMA included in the PDRCH scheduling information may be referred to as FDMA configuration information.

[0217] For FDMA for device type 1, the leader can transmit PDRCH scheduling information including line codes and / or repetition transmission information used for PDRCH transmission to the device, and the device can perform PDRCH transmission using the line codes and / or repetition transmission information indicated by the PDRCH scheduling information received from the leader. The device can perform PDRCH transmission using frequency shifting. The device can multiplex a PDRCH (e.g., a D2R signal) in the frequency domain using frequency shifting, and transmit the multiplexed PDRCH (e.g., a D2R signal) to the leader. As another embodiment, for FDMA for device type 1, the leader can transmit PDRCH scheduling information including information indicating frequency resources for PDRCH transmission to the device, and the device can perform frequency shifting by performing at least one of a line code (e.g., line coding), repetition transmission, or multiplication with a square waveform in the frequency resources indicated by the PDRCH scheduling information received from the leader, and can perform PDRCH transmission based on the frequency shifting.

[0218] The reader can generate PDRCH scheduling information including at least one of frequency resource information for PDRCH transmission, line codes used for PDRCH transmission, or repetitive transmission information, and can transmit the PDRCH scheduling information to the device. The device can receive the PDRCH scheduling information from the reader and check information included in the PDRCH scheduling information. The device can determine frequency resources for PDRCH transmission according to the device type and perform PDRCH transmission in the determined frequency resources. Alternatively, the device can perform FDMA operation using a frequency shifting method based on line code application and / or repetitive transmission application according to the device type. In other words, the device can utilize frequency shifting for FDMA performance. The reader can receive a D2R signal (e.g., PDRCH) from the device based on FDMA configuration information. In other words, the reader can receive a D2R signal (e.g., PDRCH) multiplexed in the frequency domain from the device.

[0219] A device can use repetitive generation of line codes for frequency shifting. The device can generate a line code for the same information bit (e.g., a PDRCH information bit) by repeating it R times for a time interval T. The chip period (= C) of a signal generated by the above-described operation (e.g., repetitive generation of line codes) can be 1 / R times the chip period of a signal to which the R repetitions of the line code are not applied. R can be a natural number. R can be instructed to the device by the reader. A signal generated by the above-described operation (e.g., repetitive generation of line codes) can have a frequency shifting effect of 1 / (2×C) in the frequency domain. When T is the length of a time interval corresponding to one bit, the variable (R) of the repetitive transmission can be defined as T / (2×C). C can be a chip period for D2R transmission. The device can repeatedly transmit a PDRCH R times using frequency shifting. The PDRCH can be repeatedly transmitted on R frequency resources. In the repetitive transmission of PDRCH, the frequency shift can be R / T Hz. R can be defined based on the following mathematical expression 5. In mathematical expression 5, n can be 0 or a natural number.

[0220]

[0221] As another embodiment, R can be defined based on Equation 6. In Equation 6, n can be 0.5 or a natural number.

[0222]

[0223] The device can perform a multiplication operation on a waveform of a line code or information bit and a square wave for frequency shifting. The square wave may mean a waveform in which "1 or 0", "1 or -1", or "a waveform with high amplitude or a waveform with low amplitude" is periodically repeated. In another embodiment, the device can obtain a frequency shifting effect by performing an XOR (exclusive OR) operation on a waveform of a line code or information bit and a square wave. In another embodiment, the device can obtain a frequency shifting effect by performing an XNOR (exclusive NOR) operation on a waveform of a line code or information bit and a square wave. The frequency shifting effect may vary depending on the period of the square wave. When the period of the square wave is C, a frequency shifting effect of 1 / (2×C) may occur.

[0224] The reader can instruct the device with a frequency shift variable and / or a repetition transmission variable (R). The reader can instruct the device with one or more repetition transmission variables (R). The repetition transmission variable (R) can indicate the number of repetition transmissions. For example, the reader can instruct the device with information corresponding to R in the form of a bitmap. In another example, the reader can instruct the device with information corresponding to R in the form of a code point.

[0225] When one R is indicated by the leader, the device can transmit the PDRCH by performing frequency shifting and / or repeated transmission using the indicated R. When one or more Rs are indicated by the leader, the device can select one R from the one or more Rs and transmit the PDRCH by performing frequency shifting and / or repeated transmission based on the selected R. The device can randomly select one R from the one or more Rs.

[0226] The leader can instruct each of the devices to perform an FDMA operation. In this case, based on the type of data transmitted by the device and / or the type of data transmitted by the leader, the leader can independently instruct each of the devices the data size of the PDRCH. For example, for devices performing an FDMA operation, transmission of a PDRCH having the same data size can be instructed. Alternatively, for devices performing an FDMA operation, transmission of a PDRCH having different data sizes can be instructed. Based on the type of data, the data (e.g., a message) can be classified as a random access message, message 1 (e.g., msg1 or msgA) in a random access procedure, message 2 (e.g., msg2 or msgB) in a random access procedure, or message 3 (e.g., msg3) in a random access procedure.

[0227] A leader can instruct one or more devices to perform an FDMA operation. In this case, the leader can instruct one or more devices to transmit a PDRCH having the same data size. In other words, the leader can transmit information indicating the same data size (e.g., one data size) for the PDRCH to one or more devices. Each of the devices can check the data size indicated by the leader and transmit the PDRCH having the data size in the FDMA manner. The same data size may mean the same data transmission rate. For example, the data size (e.g., transmission rate) of a PDRCH transmitted on a first frequency resource may be the same as the data size (e.g., transmission rate) of a PDRCH transmitted on a second frequency resource. Alternatively, the data size (e.g., transmission rate) of a PDRCH transmitted on a first frequency resource may be different from the data size (e.g., transmission rate) of a PDRCH transmitted on a second frequency resource.

[0228] A leader can instruct one or more devices to perform an FDMA operation. In this case, the leader can independently instruct one or more devices about a data size for a PDRCH. In other words, the leader can independently transmit information indicating a data size for a PDRCH to one or more devices. For example, the data size (e.g., a transmission rate) instructed to a first device may be different from the data size (e.g., a transmission rate) instructed to a second device. Each device can verify the data size instructed by the leader and transmit a PDRCH having the data size in an FDMA manner. Different data sizes may mean different data transmission rates.

[0229] When TDMA and FDMA methods are used simultaneously, communication nodes (e.g., leaders and / or devices) can perform multiple access operations by applying slot-based ALOHA methods to time and frequency resources. For example, multiple access operations can be performed by performing random access to resources in units of time slots in the time domain and resources in units of frequency slots in the frequency domain.

[0230] A method for allocating resources for signal transmission or signal reception by a device in a communication network in which a base station, a terminal, and a device exist will be described. The base station can perform time resource allocation and / or frequency resource allocation for signal transmission or signal reception by the device. The base station can transmit resource allocation information to the terminal (or device) via a higher layer message (e.g., RRC configuration, RRC message). The resource allocation information can include time resource allocation information and / or frequency resource allocation information. Alternatively, the base station can transmit the resource allocation information to the terminal (or device) via a physical layer message or a MAC layer message. The physical layer message can be DCI. The MAC layer message can be MAC CE. Alternatively, the base station can transmit candidate resource information among the resource allocation information via a higher layer message, and can transmit actual resource information among the candidate resource information via a physical layer message or a MAC layer message. The actual resource information can indicate resources actually used for transmission.

[0231] The terminal may transmit a signal to a device using resources indicated by the base station. Alternatively, the terminal may receive a signal from the device using resources indicated by the base station. The terminal may not transmit or receive a signal to or from a device using resources other than those indicated by the base station (e.g., time resources and / or frequency resources). The terminal may not transmit or receive a signal to or from a base station using resources other than those indicated by the base station (e.g., time resources and / or frequency resources).

[0232] A reader can perform a proximity determination to determine whether a device is present in an area close to the reader. For example, the reader can transmit a signal and receive a response (e.g., a response signal) to the signal from the device. If the response to the signal transmitted by the reader is normally received from the device, the reader can determine that the device is present in an area close to the reader. As another example, the reader can transmit a PRDCH and receive a PDRCH corresponding to the PRDCH from the device. If the PDRCH corresponding to the PRDCH transmitted by the reader is normally received from the device, the reader can determine that the device is present in an area close to the reader.

[0233] In another embodiment, the reader may measure the magnitude of a signal received from the device and determine whether the device is in an area close to the reader based on the measured magnitude. The device may transmit a signal to the reader, and the reader may receive a signal from the device and measure the magnitude of the received signal. The reader may determine whether the device is in an area close to the reader based on the measured magnitude. For example, if the measured magnitude is greater than a threshold, the reader may determine that the device is in an area close to the reader.

[0234] In another embodiment, a reader may transmit a signal to a device and receive a response (e.g., a response signal) to the signal from the device. If a response to the signal transmitted by the reader is normally received from the device, the reader may measure the size of the response received from the device and determine whether the device is in an area close to the reader based on the measured size. For example, the reader may transmit a PRDCH to the device and receive a PDRCH corresponding to the PRDCH from the device. If the PDRCH corresponding to the PRDCH transmitted by the reader is normally received from the device, the reader may measure the size of the PDRCH received from the device and determine whether the device is in an area close to the reader based on the measured size. For example, if the measured size of the PDRCH received from the device is greater than or equal to a threshold, the reader may determine that the device is in an area close to the reader.

[0235] The magnitude of the signal received by the reader may vary depending on the strength of the transmission signal of the device. In order to determine the proximity of the device to the reader, the device may transmit transmission signal information to the reader through signaling. The reader may receive the transmission signal information through the signaling of the device. The transmission signal information of the device may include at least one of the magnitude of the transmission signal, the output of the transmission amplifier, or the magnitude of the signal received for backscatter transmission. The reader may determine whether the device is in an area close to the reader based on the transmission signal information received from the device.

[0236] In a communication network, a device's wake-up or sleep mode can be considered. A device in wake-up mode can transmit and receive signals. A device in sleep mode may not transmit or receive signals.

[0237] The device can determine an operating mode (e.g., wake-up mode or sleep mode) based on the remaining battery capacity of the device. If the device has a remaining battery capacity capable of performing a receiving operation and / or a transmitting operation, the device can operate in wake-up mode. If the magnitude of a signal received by the device is greater than the activation threshold of the device, the device can operate in wake-up mode.

[0238] If the above-described condition(s) are met, the device may operate in wake-up mode. A device in wake-up mode may perform R2D signal monitoring until the remaining battery level of the device becomes low enough to not be able to perform a reception operation and / or a transmission operation. A level at which the remaining battery level of the device becomes low enough to not be able to perform a reception operation and / or a transmission operation may indicate a discharged battery. When the remaining battery level of the device becomes low enough to not be able to perform a reception operation and / or a transmission operation, the device may operate in a sleep mode. In other words, the operation mode of the device may transition from the wake-up mode to the sleep mode. A device operating in the sleep mode may perform an energy harvesting operation. The device may charge the battery through the energy harvesting operation.

[0239] A device operating in wake-up mode can perform R2D signal monitoring until the magnitude of the received signal becomes smaller than an activation threshold of the device. If the magnitude of the signal received by the device becomes smaller than the activation threshold of the device, the device can operate in sleep mode. In other words, the operating mode of the device can transition from wake-up mode to sleep mode. A device operating in sleep mode can perform energy harvesting operations. The device can charge a battery through the energy harvesting operations.

[0240] In another embodiment, the device can determine its operating mode based on a timer. A device in wake-up mode can initiate a timer. If no signal is received before the timer expires, the device can operate in sleep mode.

[0241] If the remaining battery level of the device is greater than the battery threshold, the device may operate in wake-up mode. If the magnitude of the signal received by the device is greater than the activation threshold of the device, the device may operate in wake-up mode.

[0242] When the device starts operating in wake-up mode, the device may initiate (e.g., start) a timer. Until the timer expires, the device may operate in wake-up mode. A device in wake-up mode may perform signal transmission and reception operations. If the device does not receive an R2D signal while operating in wake-up mode, the device may operate in sleep mode. The R2D signal may be a signal that the device is designated to receive.

[0243] When the device receives an R2D signal while operating in wake-up mode, the device may initialize a timer. The device may determine the operating mode (e.g., wake-up mode or sleep mode) based on the initialized timer after receiving the R2D signal or transmitting the D2R signal.

[0244] In another embodiment, if the device receives an R2D signal while operating in wake-up mode, the device may operate in sleep mode after receiving the R2D signal or transmitting the D2R signal. The device in sleep mode may perform an energy harvesting operation. The device in sleep mode may charge a battery by performing the energy harvesting operation. If the remaining amount of the charged battery is greater than a threshold, the device may operate in wake-up mode.

[0245] In another embodiment, the device may determine an operating mode (e.g., wake-up mode or sleep mode) based on information received from the leader. The leader may transmit at least one of wake-up mode information and sleep mode information to the device via signaling (e.g., R2D transmission and / or PRDCH transmission). The wake-up mode information may include information indicating a time period during which the device operates in the wake-up mode. The sleep mode information may include information indicating a time period during which the device operates in the sleep mode. The device may receive the wake-up mode information and / or the sleep mode information via signaling from the leader. The device may operate in the wake-up mode or the sleep mode based on the information (e.g., wake-up mode information and / or sleep mode information) received from the leader.

[0246] The leader can transmit wakeup mode information to the device through signaling, and the device can receive wakeup mode information through signaling from the leader. The device can operate in wakeup mode during the time period indicated by the wakeup mode information. The device can operate in sleep mode during the time period not indicated by the wakeup mode information.

[0247] The leader can transmit sleep mode information to the device through signaling, and the device can receive sleep mode information through signaling from the leader. The device can operate in sleep mode during the time period indicated by the sleep mode information. The device can operate in wake-up mode during the time period not indicated by the sleep mode information.

[0248] The reader can transmit signals to synchronize the time of the device. For example, the reader can transmit signals periodically for the purpose of synchronizing the time of the device. The device can obtain time synchronization based on the reception of the periodic signals. Based on the reception of the periodic signals, the device can determine reference time information for the time interval of the wake-up mode and / or the time interval of the sleep mode.

[0249] A device can transmit energy status information of the device to a reader. The reader can receive energy status information of the device from the device. The energy status information can include information indicating whether the device has sufficient energy to complete a communication procedure requested by the reader. For example, the reader can instruct the device to perform a random access procedure. The device can transmit energy status information to the reader, including information indicating whether the device has sufficient energy to perform the random access procedure. In another embodiment, the energy status information can include information indicating whether the device can normally complete a communication procedure requested by the reader. The size of the energy status information (e.g., information included in the energy status information) can be 1 bit.

[0250] The methods according to the present disclosure may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded on a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc., either singly or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the computer-readable medium may be those specifically designed and configured for the present disclosure or may be known and available to those skilled in the computer software art.

[0251] Examples of computer-readable media include hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory. Examples of program instructions include not only machine language codes generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate with at least one software module to perform the operations of the present disclosure, and vice versa.

[0252] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims below.

Claims

1. As a leader's method, A step of generating D2R scheduling information including midamble setting information for a D2R (device to reader) signal; A step of generating an R2D (reader to device) signal including the above D2R scheduling information; a step of transmitting the R2D signal to the device; and A step of receiving the D2R signal from the device based on the D2R scheduling information, The leader's way.

2. In claim 1, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating whether the midamble is included in the D2R signal. The leader's way.

3. In claim 1, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating the position of the midamble within the D2R signal. The leader's way.

4. In claim 1, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating a midamble interval within the D2R signal, and the midamble interval is an interval between a preamble and a first midamble within the D2R signal or an interval between consecutive midambles within the D2R signal. The leader's way.

5. In claim 4, The above midamble interval is indicated by the number of bits, The leader's way.

6. In claim 4, If the midamble interval is longer than the length of the PDRCH (physical device to reader channel) included in the D2R signal or if the midamble interval indicates a specific interval, the D2R signal does not include a midamble. The leader's way.

7. In claim 1, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating a midamble type, and the midamble type is classified into a short midamble having a short sequence and a long midamble having a long sequence. The leader's way.

8. In claim 1, The above D2R scheduling information further includes FDMA (frequency domain multiple access) setting information for the D2R signal. The leader's way.

9. In claim 8, The above FDMA setting information includes information indicating the number of times the D2R signal is repeatedly transmitted in the frequency domain. The leader's way.

10. As a method of the device, A step of receiving an R2D (reader to device) signal including D2R scheduling information for a D2R (device to reader) signal from a reader; A step of generating the D2R signal based on midamble setting information included in the D2R scheduling information; and comprising a step of transmitting the D2R signal to the leader; Method of the device.

11. In claim 10, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating whether the midamble is included in the D2R signal. Method of the device.

12. In claim 10, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating the position of the midamble within the D2R signal. Method of the device.

13. In claim 10, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating a midamble interval within the D2R signal, and the midamble interval is an interval between a preamble and a first midamble within the D2R signal or an interval between consecutive midambles within the D2R signal. Method of the device.

14. In claim 13, The above midamble interval is indicated by the number of bits, Method of the device.

15. In claim 13, If the midamble interval is longer than the length of the PDRCH (physical device to reader channel) included in the D2R signal or if the midamble interval indicates a specific interval, the D2R signal does not include a midamble. Method of the device.

16. In claim 10, The above midamble setting information includes information indicating a midamble type, and the midamble type is classified into a short midamble having a short sequence and a long midamble having a long sequence. Method of the device.

17. In claim 10, The above D2R scheduling information further includes FDMA (frequency domain multiple access) setting information for the D2R signal. Method of the device.

18. In claim 17, The above FDMA setting information includes information indicating the number of times the D2R signal is repeatedly transmitted in the frequency domain. Method of the device.

19. In claim 18, When a plurality of repetition transmission counts for the D2R signal are indicated to the device, the D2R signal is multiplexed in the frequency domain based on one repetition transmission count selected from among the plurality of repetition transmission counts. Method of the device.

20. In claim 17, The above D2R signal is multiplexed in the frequency domain using a frequency shifting method based on the FDMA setting information, and the transmission rate of the D2R signal in the first frequency resource is the same as or different from the transmission rate of the D2R signal in the second frequency resource. Method of the device.

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