Light-emitting display device and electronic device

Abstract

According to embodiments, a light-emitting display device and an electronic device comprise: a flexible substrate; an anode positioned on the substrate; a pixel definition film having a first opening overlapping the anode; a light-emitting layer positioned in the first opening of the pixel definition film; and a cathode positioned on the light-emitting layer and the pixel definition film, wherein the anode includes a first anode, which is a reflective electrode, and a second anode, which is positioned on the first anode and is a transparent electrode, the planar area of the second anode being smaller than the planar area of the first anode in an area that overlaps the first opening of the pixel definition film, and the second anode having a symmetrical planar structure with respect to the center of the first opening of the pixel definition film.

Description

Light-emitting display devices and electronic devices

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a light-emitting display device and an electronic device.

[0002] Display devices are devices that display a screen, such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). These display devices are used in various electronic devices, such as mobile phones, navigation systems, digital cameras, e-books, portable game consoles, and various terminals.

[0003] Display devices such as organic light emitting diode displays may have a structure that allows the display device to be bent or folded by using a flexible substrate.

[0004] In addition, in small electronic devices such as mobile phones, optical elements such as cameras and optical sensors were formed in the bezel area surrounding the display area, but as the size of the screen being displayed increases, the size of the area surrounding the display area gradually decreases, and technology is being developed that allows cameras and optical sensors to be positioned on the back of the display area.

[0005] The embodiments are directed to providing a light-emitting display device having an increased luminance ratio from a side and a small rate of change in luminance with respect to an angle.

[0006] According to one embodiment, a light-emitting display device includes a flexible substrate; an anode positioned on the substrate; a pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; an emission layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and a cathode positioned on the emission layer and the pixel defining film, wherein the anode includes a first anode that is a reflective electrode; and a second anode positioned on the first anode and that is a transparent electrode, wherein in a region overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film, a planar area of ​​the second anode is smaller than a planar area of ​​the first anode, and the second anode has a planar structure that is symmetrical with respect to the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0007] The second anode may be in direct contact with a portion of the first anode.

[0008] The second anode may overlap the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0009] The center of the second anode may coincide with the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0010] The first anode may include a metal material, and the second anode may include a metal oxide.

[0011] The thickness of the second anode may be 50 Å or more and 500 Å or less.

[0012] The cathode may have a step in an area overlapping the first opening.

[0013] The second anode may overlap only with the first opening and may not overlap with the pixel defining film.

[0014] At least a portion of the second anode may be covered by a portion of the pixel defining film.

[0015] A sealing layer positioned on the cathode; and a light-blocking member or a plurality of color filters including a second opening positioned on the sealing layer and overlapping the first opening in a plane, wherein the plane shapes of the second opening and the first opening may be the same.

[0016] A sealing layer positioned on the cathode; and a light-blocking member or a plurality of color filters including a second opening positioned on the sealing layer and overlapping the first opening in a plane, wherein the shapes of the second opening and the first opening may be different from each other.

[0017] The above first opening may have a planar shape of one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon.

[0018] The first opening and the second anode are each formed in an oval shape, and the long axis direction of the oval shape of the first opening and the long axis direction of the oval shape of the second anode can coincide with each other.

[0019] The second anode may comprise a plurality of second anodes that are separated from each other.

[0020] The plurality of second anodes, which are separated from each other, may have the same thickness in an area overlapping the first opening.

[0021] One of the plurality of second anodes may be disposed at the center of the first opening, and the rest of the plurality of second anodes may be disposed along an imaginary circle located around the one.

[0022] The anode, the light-emitting layer, and the cathode constitute one light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting diode includes a first light-emitting diode and a second light-emitting diode that emit light of different colors, and the second anode included in the first light-emitting diode may have a different thickness or width from the second anode included in the second light-emitting diode.

[0023] The area ratio of the second anode to the area of ​​the first anode included in each of the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode may have an area ratio of 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less.

[0024] According to one embodiment, a light-emitting display device includes a substrate; an anode positioned on the substrate, the anode including a first anode and a second anode; a pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; an emission layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and a cathode positioned over the emission layer and the pixel defining film, wherein the first anode is a reflective electrode, the second anode is a transparent electrode, the second anode is disposed over the first anode and in direct contact with the first anode, a portion of the second anode overlaps the pixel defining film, and a portion of the first anode is not covered by the second anode in a region overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0025] The second anode may not overlap the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0026] The cathode may have a step in an area overlapping the first opening.

[0027] The second anode may include two or more second anodes that are separated from each other.

[0028] The second anode may be 50 Å or more and 500 Å or less.

[0029] The second anode may have a planar structure that is symmetrical with respect to the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0030] An electronic device according to one embodiment includes a light-emitting display device, the light-emitting display device including: a flexible substrate; an anode positioned on the substrate; a pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; a light-emitting layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and a cathode positioned on the light-emitting layer and the pixel defining film, wherein the anode includes a first anode that is a reflective electrode; and a second anode positioned on the first anode and that is a transparent electrode, wherein in a region overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film, a planar area of ​​the second anode is smaller than a planar area of ​​the first anode, and the second anode has a planar structure that is symmetrical with respect to the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0031] An electronic device according to one embodiment includes a light-emitting display device, the light-emitting display device including: a substrate; an anode positioned on the substrate, the anode including a first anode and a second anode; a pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; an emission layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and a cathode positioned over the emission layer and the pixel defining film, wherein the first anode is a reflective electrode, the second anode is a transparent electrode, the second anode is disposed over the first anode and in direct contact with the first anode, a portion of the second anode overlaps the pixel defining film, and a portion of the first anode is not covered by the second anode in a region overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film.

[0032] According to embodiments, a first electrode included in a light-emitting diode has a step structure and the step structure is formed in a structure symmetrical with respect to the center of the planar shape of the opening of the pixel defining film, so that the luminance ratio on the side increases and the rate of change in luminance according to the angle can be small.

[0033] According to embodiments, even if bending occurs in a flexible display device such as a bent or foldable display, the light emitted from the light emitting diode emits light with a certain brightness or more laterally and with a small brightness change rate according to the angle, so there is an advantage of improved display quality.

[0034] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of use of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0035] Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0038] FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment.

[0039] FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of use of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment.

[0040] Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment.

[0041] FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a display panel according to another embodiment.

[0042] FIG. 9 is a plan view of a portion of a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment.

[0043] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 9.

[0044] Figures 11 to 20 are graphs explaining the effects according to the embodiment of Figure 9.

[0045] FIGS. 21 to 24 are cross-sectional views according to the manufacturing order of a part of the light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 9.

[0046] Fig. 25 is a plan view of a portion of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment.

[0047] Fig. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of Fig. 25.

[0048] Fig. 27 is a plan view of a portion of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment.

[0049] Fig. 28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of Fig. 27.

[0050] Figure 29 is a graph showing reflectivity according to step.

[0051] Fig. 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment.

[0052] FIGS. 31 to 34 are plan views of portions of light-emitting display devices according to various embodiments.

[0053] FIG. 35 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a normal display area and a bending display area of ​​a light-emitting display device according to the embodiments of FIGS. 6 to 8.

[0054] Figures 36 and 37 are cross-sectional views of a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment.

[0055] Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the invention. The present invention may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0056] In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts that are not related to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals are used for identical or similar components throughout the specification.

[0057] Furthermore, the sizes and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily indicated for convenience of explanation, and thus the present invention is not necessarily limited to the illustrated components. In the drawings, the thicknesses are enlarged to clearly represent various layers and regions. Furthermore, in the drawings, the thicknesses of some layers and regions are exaggerated for convenience of explanation.

[0058] Furthermore, when we say that a part, such as a layer, membrane, region, plate, or component, is "on" or "over" another part, this includes not only cases where it is "directly on" the other part, but also cases where there are other parts in between. Conversely, when we say that a part is "directly on" another part, we mean that there are no other parts in between. Furthermore, when we say that a part is "on" or "over" a reference part, we mean that it is located above or below the reference part, and not necessarily "above" or "over" it in the direction opposite to gravity.

[0059] Additionally, throughout the specification, whenever a part is said to "include" a component, this does not mean that it excludes other components, but rather that it may include other components, unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0060] Additionally, throughout the specification, when we say "in plan", we mean when the target portion is viewed from above, and when we say "in cross section", we mean when the target portion is viewed from the side in a cross-section cut vertically.

[0061] Also, throughout the specification, when we say "connected," this does not only mean that two or more components are directly connected, but also that two or more components are indirectly connected through other components, that they are physically connected, that they are electrically connected, and that each part that is substantially one body but is referred to by different names depending on its location or function is connected to each other.

[0062] Additionally, throughout the specification, when a part such as a wiring, layer, film, region, plate, component, etc. is said to "extend in the first direction or the second direction," this does not only mean a straight linear shape extending in that direction, but also includes a structure that extends overall along the first direction or the second direction, and a structure that is bent in some part, has a zigzag structure, or extends while including a curved structure.

[0063] In addition, electronic devices (e.g., mobile phones, TVs, monitors, laptop computers, etc.) including display devices, display panels, etc. described in the specification, or electronic devices including display devices, display panels, etc. manufactured by the manufacturing method described in the specification are not excluded from the scope of the rights of this specification.

[0064] Below, the structure of the display device will be examined schematically through Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

[0065] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of use of a display device according to one embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 1, a display device (1000) according to one embodiment is a device that displays a moving image or a still image, and can be used as a display screen for various products such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a mobile communication terminal, an electronic notebook, an electronic book, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation device, an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), and the like, as well as a television, a laptop, a monitor, a billboard, and the Internet of Things (IOT). In addition, the display device (1000) according to one embodiment can be used for a wearable device such as a smart watch, a watch phone, a glasses-type display, and a head mounted display (HMD). In addition, the display device (1000) according to one embodiment may be used as a dashboard of a vehicle, a CID (Center Information Display) placed on the center fascia or dashboard of a vehicle, a room mirror display replacing a side mirror of a vehicle, and a display placed on the back of the front seat as entertainment for the rear seat of a vehicle. For convenience of explanation, Fig. 1 illustrates the display device (1000) being used as a smart phone.

[0067] The display device (1000) can display an image in a third direction (DR3) on a display surface parallel to each of the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2). The display surface on which the image is displayed can correspond to the front surface of the display device (1000) and can correspond to the front surface of the cover window (WU). The image can include a still image as well as a dynamic image.

[0068] In this embodiment, the front (or upper surface) and the back (or lower surface) of each member are defined based on the direction in which the image is displayed. The front and the back are opposed to each other in a third direction (DR3), and the normal directions of each of the front and the back may be parallel to the third direction (DR3). The separation distance between the front and the back in the third direction (DR3) may correspond to the thickness of the display panel in the third direction (DR3).

[0069] A display device (1000) according to one embodiment can detect a user input applied from the outside (see hand in FIG. 1). The user input may include various forms of external input, such as a part of the user's body, light, heat, or pressure. In one embodiment, the user input is illustrated as the user's hand applied to the front. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The user input may be provided in various forms, and the display device (1000) may also detect a user input applied to the side or back of the display device (1000) depending on the structure of the display device (1000).

[0070] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a display device (1000) may include a cover window (WU), a housing (HM), a display panel (DP), and an optical element (ES). In one embodiment, the cover window (WU) and the housing (HM) may be combined to form the exterior of the display device (1000).

[0071] The cover window (WU) may include an insulating panel. For example, the cover window (WU) may be composed of glass, plastic, or a combination thereof.

[0072] The front surface of the cover window (WU) may define the front surface of the display device (1000). The transmissive area (TA) may be an optically transparent area. For example, the transmissive area (TA) may be an area having a visible light transmittance of about 90% or more.

[0073] The blocking area (BA) can define the shape of the transmissive area (TA). The blocking area (BA) can be adjacent to the transmissive area (TA) and surround the transmissive area (TA). The blocking area (BA) can be an area with relatively low light transmittance compared to the transmissive area (TA). The blocking area (BA) can include an opaque material that blocks light. The blocking area (BA) can have a predetermined color. The blocking area (BA) can be defined by a bezel layer provided separately from a transparent substrate defining the transmissive area (TA), or by an ink layer formed by inserting or coloring the transparent substrate.

[0074] A display panel (DP) may include display pixels (PX) that display an image and a driver (50), and the display pixels (PX) are located within a display area (DA) and a component area (EA). The display panel (DP) may include a front surface including a display area (DA) and a non-display area (PA). In one embodiment, the display area (DA) and the component area (EA) may be areas where an image is displayed, including pixels, and at the same time, areas where a touch sensor is located above the pixels in a third direction (DR3) to detect an external input.

[0075] The transparent area (TA) of the cover window (WU) may overlap at least partially with the display area (DA) and the component area (EA) of the display panel (DP). For example, the transparent area (TA) may overlap the entire surface of the display area (DA) and the component area (EA), or may overlap at least a portion of the display area (DA) and the component area (EA). Accordingly, a user may view an image through the transparent area (TA) or provide an external input based on the image. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the area where the image is displayed and the area where the external input is sensed may be separated from each other.

[0076] A non-display area (PA) of a display panel (DP) may overlap at least partially with a blocking area (BA) of a cover window (WU). The non-display area (PA) may be an area covered by the blocking area (BA). The non-display area (PA) is adjacent to the display area (DA) and may surround the display area (DA). An image is not displayed in the non-display area (PA), and a driving circuit or driving wiring for driving the display area (DA) may be disposed therein. The non-display area (PA) may include a first peripheral area (PA1) where the display area (DA) is positioned on the outside, and a second peripheral area (PA2) including a driving unit (50), a connecting wiring, and a bending area. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the first peripheral area (PA1) is positioned on three sides of the display area (DA), and the second peripheral area (PA2) is positioned on the remaining side of the display area (DA).

[0077] In one embodiment, the display panel (DP) can be assembled in a flat state with the display area (DA), the component area (EA), and the non-display area (PA) facing the cover window (WU). However, the present invention is not limited thereto. A portion of the non-display area (PA) of the display panel (DP) can be bent. In this case, a portion of the non-display area (PA) can face the back surface of the display device (1000), so that the blocking area (BA) visible on the front surface of the display device (1000) can be reduced. In FIG. 2, the second peripheral area (PA2) can be bent and positioned on the back surface of the display area (DA) before assembly.

[0078] In addition, the component area (EA) of the display panel (DP) may include a first component area (EA1) and a second component area (EA2). The first component area (EA1) and the second component area (EA2) may be at least partially surrounded by the display area (DA). The first component area (EA1) and the second component area (EA2) are illustrated as being spaced apart from each other, but are not limited thereto and may be at least partially connected. The first component area (EA1) and the second component area (EA2) may be areas in which optical elements (see ES of FIG. 2; hereinafter also referred to as components) that utilize infrared rays, visible light, or sound are disposed therebelow.

[0079] The display area (DA; also referred to as the main display area hereinafter) and the component area (EA) are formed with a plurality of light-emitting diodes and a plurality of pixel circuits that generate and transmit light-emitting current to each of the plurality of light-emitting diodes. Here, one light-emitting diode and one pixel circuit are referred to as a pixel (PX). In the display area (DA) and the component area (EA), one pixel circuit and one light-emitting diode can be formed one-to-one.

[0080] The first component area (EA1) may include a transparent portion that allows light and / or sound to pass through and a display portion that includes a plurality of pixels. The transparent portion is located between adjacent pixels and is composed of a layer that allows light and / or sound to pass through. The transparent portion may be located between adjacent pixels, and in some embodiments, a layer that does not allow light to pass through, such as a light-blocking member, may overlap the first component area (EA1). The number of pixels per unit area (hereinafter also referred to as a resolution) of pixels included in the display area (DA) (hereinafter also referred to as normal pixels) may be the same as the number of pixels per unit area of ​​pixels included in the first component area (EA1) (hereinafter also referred to as first component pixels).

[0081] The second component area (EA2) includes an area (hereinafter also referred to as a light-transmitting area) formed of a transparent layer that allows light to pass through, and the light-transmitting area may have a structure in which a conductive layer or a semiconductor layer is not positioned and a layer including a light-blocking material, for example, a pixel defining layer and / or a light-blocking member, includes an opening that overlaps a position corresponding to the second component area (EA2), thereby not blocking light. The number of pixels per unit area of ​​pixels included in the second component area (EA2) (hereinafter also referred to as second component pixels) may be smaller than the number of pixels per unit area of ​​normal pixels included in the display area (DA). As a result, the resolution of the second component pixels may be lower than the resolution of the normal pixels.

[0082] A display panel (DP) may further include a touch sensor in addition to a display area (DA) including display pixels (PX). The display panel (DP) includes pixels (PX), which are components that generate images, and can be viewed by a user from the outside through a transmissive area (TA). In addition, the touch sensor may be positioned above the pixels (PX) and may detect an external input applied from the outside. The touch sensor may detect an external input provided to a cover window (WU).

[0083] Again, referring to FIG. 2, the second peripheral area (PA2) may include a bending portion. The display area (DA) and the first peripheral area (PA1) may have a flat state substantially parallel to the plane defined by the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2), and one side of the second peripheral area (PA2) may extend from the flat state, pass through the bending portion, and then have a flat state again. As a result, at least a portion of the second peripheral area (PA2) may be bent and assembled to be positioned on the rear side of the display area (DA). Since at least a portion of the second peripheral area (PA2) overlaps the display area (DA) in a plane when assembled, the blocking area (BA) of the display device (1000) may be reduced. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the second peripheral area (PA2) may not be bent.

[0084] The driving unit (50) may be mounted on the second peripheral area (PA2), may be mounted on the bending portion, or may be located on either side of the bending portion. The driving unit (50) may be provided in the form of a chip.

[0085] The driving unit (50) is electrically connected to the display area (DA) and the component area (EA) and can transmit electrical signals to pixels of the display area (DA) and the component area (EA). For example, the driving unit (50) can provide data signals to pixels (PX) arranged in the display area (DA). Alternatively, the driving unit (50) can include a touch driving circuit and can be electrically connected to a touch sensor arranged in the display area (DA) and / or the component area (EA). Meanwhile, the driving unit (50) can include various circuits in addition to the circuits described above or can be designed to provide various electrical signals to the display area (DA).

[0086] Meanwhile, the display device (1000) may have a pad portion positioned at the end of the second peripheral area (PA2), and may be electrically connected to a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) including a driving chip through the pad portion. Here, the driving chip positioned on the flexible printed circuit board may include various driving circuits for driving the display device (1000), a connector for power supply, and the like. Depending on the embodiment, a rigid printed circuit board (PCB) may be used instead of the flexible printed circuit board.

[0087] The optical element (ES) may be arranged at the bottom of the display panel (DP). The optical element (ES) may include a first optical element (ES1) overlapping the first component area (EA1) and a second optical element (ES2) overlapping the second component area (EA2). The first optical element (ES1) may use infrared rays, and in this case, the first component area (EA1) may have a layer that does not transmit light, such as a light-blocking member, overlapping the first component area (EA1).

[0088] The first optical element (ES1) may be replaced with an electronic element that utilizes light or sound, depending on the embodiment. For example, instead of the first optical element (ES1), a sensor that receives and utilizes light, such as an infrared sensor, a sensor that outputs and detects light or sound to measure distance or recognize fingerprints, a small lamp that outputs light, or a speaker that outputs sound, etc. In the case of an electronic element that utilizes light, it goes without saying that light of various wavelength bands, such as visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light, can be utilized.

[0089] The second optical element (ES2) may be at least one of a camera, an infrared camera (IR camera), a dot projector, an infrared illuminator, and a time-of-flight sensor (ToF sensor).

[0090] Referring to FIG. 2, a housing (HM) can be coupled with a cover window (WU). The cover window (WU) can be positioned on the front of the housing (HM). The housing (HM) can be coupled with the cover window (WU) to provide a predetermined receiving space. A display panel (DP) and an optical element (ES) can be accommodated in the predetermined receiving space provided between the housing (HM) and the cover window (WU).

[0091] The housing (HM) may include a material with relatively high rigidity. For example, the housing (HM) may include a plurality of frames and / or plates made of glass, plastic, or metal, or a combination thereof. The housing (HM) can reliably protect the components of the display device (1000) housed in the internal space from external impact.

[0092] A light-emitting display device such as the above may have a cross-sectional structure as shown in Fig. 3, and the cross-sectional structure is examined through Fig. 3.

[0093] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0094] Referring to FIG. 3, the light-emitting display device (1000) includes a display panel (DP) largely divided into a lower panel layer (LDP) and an upper panel layer (UDP), and a cover window (WU) located on the front of the display panel.

[0095] The lower panel layer (LDP) of the display panel (DP) includes a light-emitting element layer (LEDL) on which light-emitting diodes constituting pixels (PX) are positioned on a flexible substrate (110) and a pixel circuit layer (PCL) on which a pixel circuit for transmitting current to the light-emitting diodes positioned on the light-emitting element layer (LEDL) is positioned, and the pixel circuit layer (PCL) may be positioned between the substrate (110) and the light-emitting element layer (LEDL). The lower panel layer (LDP) further includes an encapsulation layer (400), and the light-emitting element layer (LEDL) is covered by the encapsulation layer (400). Due to the encapsulation layer (400), moisture and air may not flow into the light-emitting element layer (LEDL), so that the light-emitting element layer (LEDL) may be protected.

[0096] The upper panel layer (UDP) of the display panel (DP) may include a touch sensing layer (TSL) and a light-shielding member and a color filter layer (220 / 230). The touch sensing layer (TSL) may include a sensing insulating layer (see 501, 510, 511 of FIG. 36) and a plurality of sensing electrodes (see 540, 541 of FIG. 36). The light-shielding member and color filter layer (220 / 230) may include a light-shielding member (see 220 of FIG. 36) and a color filter (see 230 of FIG. 36).

[0097] If we look at each structure specifically, it can be as follows.

[0098] The substrate (110) may be a base substrate or a base member, and may be a flexible substrate capable of bending, folding, rolling, etc. For example, the substrate (110) may include a polymer resin such as polyimide (PI), but is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the substrate (110) may include a glass material or a metal material. Although the display panel (DP) is illustrated as having a flat shape in FIG. 3, a portion (e.g., an edge portion) may be bent, as in FIG. 8, and the display area (DA) may have a structure in which it is folded or bent.

[0099] A pixel circuit layer (PCL) may be disposed on a substrate (110). The pixel circuit layer (PCL) may include a plurality of thin film transistors constituting a pixel circuit portion of a pixel (PX), and may additionally include a capacitor. The pixel circuit layer (PCL) may include wiring connected to the pixel circuit portion, such as a scan line, a data line, and a power voltage line. Each thin film transistor may include a semiconductor region, a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a gate electrode. The pixel circuit layer (PCL) may be disposed in the display area (DA), and depending on the embodiment, may also be located in a portion of the non-display area (PA) or a portion of the bending area.

[0100] A light-emitting element layer (LEDL) may be disposed on a pixel circuit layer (PCL). The light-emitting element layer (LEDL) may include a plurality of light-emitting diodes that emit light, including an anode, a cathode, and a light-emitting layer, and a pixel definition film that defines a light-emitting area. A plurality of light-emitting elements of the light-emitting element layer (LEDL) may be disposed in a display area (DA).

[0101] In one embodiment, the light-emitting layer may be an organic light-emitting layer comprising an organic material. The light-emitting layer may include at least one functional layer, such as a hole transport layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron transport layer, above and below the light-emitting layer. When current flows between the anode and the cathode, holes and electrons may move to the light-emitting layer through the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, respectively, and combine with each other in the light-emitting layer to emit light.

[0102] According to an embodiment, the light-emitting device may include a quantum dot light-emitting diode including a quantum dot light-emitting layer, an inorganic light-emitting diode including an inorganic semiconductor, or a micro light-emitting diode.

[0103] The encapsulating layer (400) can cover the upper surface and side surfaces of the light-emitting element layer (LEDL) and protect the light-emitting element layer (LEDL). The encapsulating layer (400) can include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film for encapsulating the light-emitting element layer (LEDL).

[0104] A touch sensing layer (TSL) may be disposed on the encapsulation layer (400). The touch sensing layer (TSL) may include a plurality of sensing electrodes for sensing a user's touch in a capacitive manner, and a plurality of sensing lines connecting the plurality of sensing electrodes and the touch driver (50-1). According to an embodiment, the touch sensing layer (TSL) may sense a user's touch in a mutual capacitance manner or a self-capacitance manner.

[0105] In some embodiments, the touch sensing layer (TSL) may be formed on a separate substrate positioned on the light emitting element layer (LEDL). In this case, the substrate supporting the touch sensing layer (TSL) may function as an encapsulating substrate that encapsulates the light emitting element layer (LEDL), and when the encapsulating substrate is positioned, the encapsulating layer (400) may be omitted.

[0106] The plurality of sensing electrodes of the touch sensing layer (TSL) may not overlap with the light-emitting area and may be positioned so as to be covered by a light-blocking member, etc., as described below.

[0107] The light-shielding member and color filter layer (220 / 230) are disposed on the touch sensing layer (TSL) and may include a light-shielding member (see 220 of FIG. 36) and a color filter (see 230 of FIG. 36). The light-shielding member covers the sensing electrode and may have a position that does not overlap with the light-emitting area, and the color filter may overlap the light-emitting area corresponding to each color filter, thereby improving the color of light emitted from the light-emitting diode.

[0108] The light-blocking member and color filter layer (220 / 230) may have a structure that reduces reflection of external light so that external light entering the display device (1000) is not reflected again and transmitted to the user's eyes.

[0109] Meanwhile, the substrate (110) may have a structure folded toward the back surface including a bending area, and a driving unit (50) may be positioned on one side of the folded substrate (110) and may be electrically connected to a circuit board (FPCB) to which a touch driving unit (50-1) is attached.

[0110] Here, the driving unit (50) can output signals and voltages for driving the display panel (DP). The driving unit (50) can supply data voltages to a plurality of data lines, supply respective power voltages to power lines such as driving voltage lines, and supply control signals such as clock signals so that scan signals to be applied to scan lines can be generated. The driving unit (50) can be formed as an integrated circuit (IC) and mounted on the display panel (DP) using a COG (Chip on Glass) method, a COP (Chip on Plastic) method, or an ultrasonic bonding method. For example, the driving unit (50) can be positioned toward the opposite direction of the display area (DA) and the third direction (DR3) by bending the substrate (110) and can be positioned on the back surface of the display area (DA). Depending on the embodiment, the driving unit (50) can be mounted on a circuit board (FPCB).

[0111] A circuit board (FPCB) may be attached to a pad portion of a display panel (DP) using an anisotropic conductive film (ACF). The pad portion of the circuit board (FPCB) may be electrically connected to the pad portion of the display panel (DP). The circuit board (FPCB) may be a flexible printed circuit board, a printed circuit board, or a flexible film such as a chip on film (CFT).

[0112] The touch driver (50-1) may be mounted on a circuit board (FPCB). The touch driver (50-1) is electrically connected to the sensing electrodes of the touch sensing layer (TSL) in the display panel (DP), supplies a driving signal to the plurality of sensing electrodes, and detects the amount of change in electrostatic capacity between the plurality of sensing electrodes to determine whether a touch has been made. The touch driver (50-1) may be formed as an integrated circuit (IC).

[0113] A cover window (WU) is positioned on the front of the display panel (DP), and the cover window (WU) may include a window (WIN) and an anti-reflection layer (ARL).

[0114] The window (WIN) may be placed on the light-shielding member and the color filter layer (220 / 230), and may be attached to the light-shielding member and the color filter layer (220 / 230) using a transparent adhesive. The window (WIN) may serve to protect the display panel (DP). The window (WIN) may be made of a transparent material. The window (WIN) may be made of, for example, glass or plastic.

[0115] When a window (WIN) contains glass, the glass may be ultra-thin glass (UTG) or thin-film glass. Ultra-thin glass can be strengthened to have a specific internal stress profile. Strengthened UTG is more resistant to cracking, crack propagation, and breakage from external impacts than before the strengthening process. Through the strengthening process, strengthened UTG can have varying stresses across different regions.

[0116] When the glass is formed as an ultra-thin film or a thin film, it can have flexible properties and can be bent, folded, or rolled. The thickness of the glass can be, for example, in the range of 10 ㎛ to 300 ㎛, and specifically, glass having a thickness of 10 ㎛ to 100 ㎛ or about 50 ㎛ can be applied. The glass of the window (WIN) can include soda lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, or lithium alumina silicate glass. The glass of the window (WIN) can include chemically strengthened or thermally strengthened glass to have high strength. Chemical strengthening can be performed through an ion exchange treatment process in an alkali salt. The ion exchange treatment process can be performed twice or more. In addition, the window (WIN) can be a glass thin film coated on both sides of a polymer film.

[0117] An anti-reflection layer (ARL) may be positioned on the front surface of the window (WIN), and the anti-reflection layer (ARL) may be attached to the front surface of the window (WIN) in the form of an optical film.

[0118] An anti-reflection layer (ARL) can be disposed on the window (WIN). The anti-reflection layer (ARL) can protect the window (WIN) and reduce reflection of external light.

[0119] An anti-reflection layer (ARL) may include a hard coating layer and a low-refractive-index layer, and may prevent or reduce reflection of external light by forming the two layers with different refractive indices so that external light is lost or destructively interferes at the interface. Here, the low-refractive-index layer may have a composition including particles dispersed in a transparent resin. Meanwhile, depending on the embodiment, the high-refractive-index layer may additionally be included, and the high-refractive-index layer may be positioned between the hard coating layer and the low-refractive-index layer.

[0120] The hard coating layer, low refractive index layer, and / or high refractive index layer that may be included in the anti-reflection layer (ARL) may have the following characteristics.

[0121] The hard coating layer can improve reliability issues by reducing distortion or lifting of the anti-reflection layer (ARL) under harsh conditions such as high temperature or high humidity.

[0122] The hard coating layer may include an organic layer. The organic layer may include at least one or a combination of an acrylate compound, a urethane compound, a polyimide, a polycarbonate, a polyethersulfone, polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, a liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polymethyl methacrylate, and an epoxy polymer.

[0123] In another exemplary embodiment, the hard coating layer may include an organic layer and an organic-inorganic composite layer. In this case, the organic layer may include an acrylate-based compound. For example, the organic layer may be formed by including urethane acrylate. The organic layer may function as a stress buffer layer.

[0124] The organic material in the organic-inorganic composite layer may be formed from at least one of an acrylate compound, a polyurethane compound, or an epoxy compound, or a combination thereof. For example, the organic material may include urethane acrylate. The inorganic material in the organic-inorganic composite layer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide (SiO2), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5 or NbO2), and glass beads.

[0125] The inorganic material may be provided in the form of a single type of inorganic oxide listed above or a mixture thereof. Furthermore, the inorganic material may be provided in various forms to form an organic-inorganic composite layer. For example, silicon oxide may be provided in the form of particles, sol, or hollow particles.

[0126] In the organic-inorganic composite layer, the organic acrylate compound and the inorganic particles can be provided as a mixture in a weight ratio of 5:5 to 8:2. By including both the acrylate compound and the inorganic particles, the organic-inorganic composite layer can form a hard coating layer that is not easily broken by improving surface hardness and having shock absorption properties against external impact.

[0127] In one embodiment, the hard coating layer may include an acrylate compound and a urethane compound. The acrylate compound and the urethane compound may be mixed in a monomer form and polymerized. The acrylate compound may increase the hardness of the low-refractive-index layer, thereby increasing the hardness and wear resistance of the anti-reflection layer (ARL). The urethane compound may impart flexibility to the low-refractive-index layer, thereby increasing the elasticity of the anti-reflection layer (ARL). In this case, the ratio of the acrylate compound in the hard coating layer may be 70% to 99.9%, and the ratio of the urethane compound may be 0.1 to 30%. For example, the mixing ratio of the acrylate compound and the urethane compound may be 7:3 or higher, and the ratio of the acrylate compound may be further increased. For example, the mixing ratio of the acrylate compound and the urethane compound may be 7:3, 8:2, or 9:1, such that the ratio of the acrylate compound may be further increased.

[0128] In another exemplary embodiment, the hard coating layer may include an acrylate-based compound. In this case, the acrylate-based compound may be an acrylic resin. That is, the hard coating layer may include an acrylic resin to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the anti-reflection layer (ARL).

[0129] The hard coating layer may have a thickness of 2 μm to 10 μm. By forming the hard coating layer within the above thickness range, distortion and lifting phenomena can be reduced, thereby improving reliability issues.

[0130] The refractive index of the hard coating layer may be 1.48 to 1.53. Since the hard coating layer is formed within the above refractive index range, it can refract light emitted from the light-emitting element layer upward by having a difference in refractive index at the interface with the low-refractive layer described later, thereby increasing light emission efficiency and reducing reflection of external light.

[0131] The low-refractive-index layer can be disposed on the hard coating layer. The low-refractive-index layer can refract light emitted from the light-emitting element layer upward, thereby increasing light emission efficiency and reducing reflection of external light.

[0132] The low-refractive-index layer may include particles dispersed in a transparent resin.

[0133] The resin may include at least one selected from the group consisting of acryl, polysiloxane, polyurethane, polyurethane acrylate, polyimide, polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSSQ), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).

[0134] The particle may be a hollow particle. For example, the particle may include one or more selected from the group consisting of silica (SiO2), magnesium fluoride (MgF2), and iron oxide (Fe3O4). Additionally, the particle may include a shell made of one or more of the above materials and a hollow space within the shell. In an exemplary embodiment, the diameter of the particle may be 10 to 200 nm, and the thickness of the shell and the diameter of the hollow space may be determined based on the diameter of the particle.

[0135] The particles included in the low-refractive-index layer may be included in a weight ratio of 10% to 50% relative to the resin. If the weight ratio of the particles to the resin is 10% or more, the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer can be lowered, and if it is 50% or less, the adhesion to adjacent layers can be prevented from being reduced. The low-refractive-index layer can be formed by coating a solution containing a resin and a solvent in which the particles are dispersed, and curing the coating.

[0136] The low-refractive-index layer may have a thickness of 10 to 200 nm. By having a thickness within the above range, the low-refractive-index layer can contain sufficient particles to lower the refractive index and improve adhesion with the underlying layer.

[0137] The refractive index of the low-refractive layer may be lower than the refractive index of the hard coating layer. For example, the refractive index of the low-refractive layer may be lower than the refractive index of the hard coating layer by at least 0.05. If the difference between the refractive indexes of the low-refractive layer and the hard coating layer is at least 0.05, total internal reflection of external light at the interface between the low-refractive layer and the hard coating layer may be increased, thereby inducing destructive interference with light reflected from the surface of the low-refractive layer. Accordingly, the reflectivity of external light of the anti-reflection layer (ARL) may be reduced. The refractive index of the low-refractive layer may be in the range of 1.3 to 1.43. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a lower refractive index may be used within a range lower than the refractive index of the hard coating layer.

[0138] Meanwhile, the high refractive index layer may include an inorganic material, an organic material, or both. Accordingly, the high refractive index layer may be formed of an inorganic film, an organic film, or an organic film containing inorganic particles.

[0139] The inorganic material included in the high refractive index layer may be at least one selected from zinc oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, tin oxide, nickel oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, indium nitride, and gallium nitride.

[0140] Organic materials included in the high refractive index layer include poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), 4,4'-bis[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (TPD), 4,4',4''-tris[(3-methylphenyl)phenyl aminotriphenylamine (m-MTDATA), 1,3,5-tris[N,N-bis(2-methylphenyl)-amino]-benzene (o-MTDAB), 1,3,5-tris[N,N-bis(3-methylphenyl)-amino]-benzene (m-MTDAB), 1,3,5-tris[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)-amino]-benzene (p-MTDAB), 4,4'-bis[N,N-bis(3-methylphenyl)-amino]-diphenylmethane (BPPM), It may be at least one selected from among 4,4'-dicarbazolyl-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 4,4',4''-tris(N-carbazole)triphenylamine (TCTA), 2,2',2''-(1,3,5-benzentolyl)tris-[1-phenyl-1H-benzoimidazole] (TPBI), and 3-(4-biphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-t-butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ).

[0141] The refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer may be greater than that of the low-refractive-index layer to reduce reflection of external light. For example, the refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer may be at least 0.05 greater than that of the low-refractive-index layer. The refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer may range from 1.53 to 1.7. However, this is not limited thereto, and a higher refractive index may be used within a range greater than that of the low-refractive-index layer.

[0142] The thickness of the high refractive index layer may be 50 to 200 nm. By forming the high refractive index layer within the above thickness range, the interface with the low refractive index layer can be formed flat and the bonding strength with the hard coating layer can be prevented from deteriorating.

[0143] An anti-reflection layer (ARL) that further includes a high refractive index layer can further reduce reflection of external light by increasing the difference in refractive index at the interface with the low refractive index layer.

[0144] In some embodiments, the front surface of the window (WIN) may further include an optical film other than the anti-reflection layer (ARL), and may also include an anti-fingerprint layer. However, the window (WIN) does not include a polarizing plate, because the light-shielding member and color filter layer (220 / 230) described below reduce the reflectivity of external light and make it difficult for the user to see. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the front surface of the window (WIN) may not include an anti-reflection layer (ARL).

[0145] Below, a display device according to one embodiment is examined through blocks using FIG. 4.

[0146] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0147] Referring to FIG. 4, a display device (1000) may include a display panel (DP), a power supply module (PM), a first electronic module (EM1), and a second electronic module (EM2). The display panel (DP), the power supply module (PM), the first electronic module (EM1), and the second electronic module (EM2) may be electrically connected to each other. FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates display pixels and a touch sensor (TS) located in a display area (DA) of the display panel (DP).

[0148] The power supply module (PM) can supply power required for the overall operation of the display device (1000). The power supply module (PM) can include a conventional battery module.

[0149] The first electronic module (EM1) and the second electronic module (EM2) may include various functional modules for operating the display device (1000). The first electronic module (EM1) may be directly mounted on a motherboard electrically connected to the display panel (DP) or may be mounted on a separate substrate and electrically connected to the motherboard via a connector (not shown) or the like.

[0150] The first electronic module (EM1) may include a control module (CM), a wireless communication module (TM), an image input module (IIM), an audio input module (AIM), memory (MM), and an external interface (IF). Some of the modules may not be mounted on the motherboard, but may be electrically connected to the motherboard via a flexible printed circuit board connected thereto.

[0151] The control module (CM) can control the overall operation of the display device (1000). The control module (CM) may be a microprocessor. For example, the control module (CM) activates or deactivates the display panel (DP). The control module (CM) can control other modules, such as the image input module (IIM) or the audio input module (AIM), based on touch signals received from the display panel (DP).

[0152] The wireless communication module (TM) can transmit and receive wireless signals with other terminals using Bluetooth or Wi-Fi lines. The wireless communication module (TM) can transmit and receive voice signals using general communication lines. The wireless communication module (TM) includes a transmitter (TM1) that modulates and transmits a signal to be transmitted, and a receiver (TM2) that demodulates the received signal.

[0153] The video input module (IIM) can process video signals and convert them into video data that can be displayed on a display panel (DP). The audio input module (AIM) can receive external audio signals from a microphone in recording mode, voice recognition mode, etc., and convert them into electrical voice data.

[0154] The external interface (IF) can serve as an interface to connect to an external charger, wired / wireless data port, card socket (e.g., memory card, SIM / UIM card), etc.

[0155] The second electronic module (EM2) may include an audio output module (AOM), a light emitting module (LM), a light receiving module (LRM), and a camera module (CMM), at least some of which may be positioned on the back of the display panel (DP) as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as optical elements (ES). The optical elements (ES) may include a light emitting module (LM), a light receiving module (LRM), and a camera module (CMM). In addition, the second electronic module (EM2) may be directly mounted on the motherboard, or may be mounted on a separate substrate and electrically connected to the display panel (DP) through a connector (not shown), or may be electrically connected to the first electronic module (EM1).

[0156] The audio output module (AOM) can convert audio data received from a wireless communication module (TM) or audio data stored in a memory (MM) and output it externally.

[0157] A light-emitting module (LM) can generate and output light. The light-emitting module (LM) can output infrared light. For example, the light-emitting module (LM) can include an LED element. For example, a light-receiving module (LRM) can detect infrared light. The light-receiving module (LRM) can be activated when infrared light above a predetermined level is detected. The light-receiving module (LRM) can include a CMOS sensor. After the infrared light generated by the light-emitting module (LM) is output, it can be reflected by an external object (e.g., a user's finger or face), and the reflected infrared light can be incident on the light-receiving module (LRM). The camera module (CMM) can capture an image of the outside.

[0158] In one embodiment, the optical element (ES) may additionally include a light detection sensor or a heat detection sensor. The optical element (ES) may detect an external object received through the front surface or provide an audio signal, such as a voice, to the outside through the front surface. Furthermore, the optical element (ES) may include multiple components, and is not limited to any one embodiment.

[0159] Below, the structure of a display device (1000) having foldable characteristics is examined through FIG. 5.

[0160] FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment.

[0161] Description of the same configuration as the aforementioned components will be omitted, and the embodiment of FIG. 5 illustrates a foldable display device having a structure in which the display device (1000) is folded through a folding axis (FAX).

[0162] Referring to FIG. 5, in one embodiment, the display device (1000) may be a foldable display device. The display device (1000) may be folded outward or inward based on the folding axis (FAX). When folded outward based on the folding axis (FAX), the display surface of the display device (1000) may be positioned outward in the third direction (DR3), so that images may be displayed in both directions. When folded inward based on the folding axis (FAX), the display surface may not be visible from the outside.

[0163] In one embodiment, the display device (1000) may include a display area (DA), a component area (EA), and a non-display area (PA). The display area (DA) may be divided into a first display area (DA1-1), a first display area (DA1-2), and a folding area (FA). The first display area (DA1-1) and the first display area (DA1-2) may be positioned on the left and right sides, respectively, with respect to (or centered on) the folding axis (FAX), and the folding area (FA) may be positioned between the first display area (DA1-1) and the first display area (DA1-2). In this case, when folded outward with respect to the folding axis (FAX), the first display area (DA1-1) and the first display area (DA1-2) are positioned on both sides in the third direction (DR3), and images may be displayed in both directions. Additionally, when folded inward based on the folding axis (FAX), the 1-1 display area (DA1-1) and the 1-2 display area (DA1-2) may not be visible from the outside.

[0164] Hereinafter, based on FIGS. 6 and 7, the overall structure of a light-emitting display device having a bended structure including a normal region and a curved bending region with a curvature as a display region will be examined.

[0165] FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a state of use of a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment, and FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment.

[0166] A light-emitting display device (1000) according to one embodiment is a device that displays a moving image or a still image, and can be used as a display screen for various products such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a mobile communication terminal, an electronic notebook, an electronic book, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation device, an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), and the like, as well as a television, a laptop, a monitor, a billboard, an Internet of Things (IOT), and the like. In addition, the light-emitting display device (1000) according to one embodiment can be used for a wearable device such as a smart watch, a watch phone, a glasses-type display, and a head mounted display (HMD). In addition, the light-emitting display device (1000) according to one embodiment can be used as a display placed on the back of the front seat, such as a dashboard of a vehicle, a CID (Center Information Display) placed on the center fascia or dashboard of a vehicle, a room mirror display replacing a side mirror of a vehicle, or entertainment for the rear seat of a vehicle. For convenience of explanation, Fig. 6 illustrates the light-emitting display device (1000) being used as a smart phone.

[0167] In addition, the light-emitting display device (1000) according to the present embodiment includes a display area (DA), and the display area (DA) can be divided into a normal display area (DA1; hereinafter also referred to as a first display area or a main display area) and a bending display area (DA2, DA-S; hereinafter also referred to as a second display area or a secondary display area).

[0168] The normal display area (DA1) is parallel to each of the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2) and has a flat display surface, and the bending display area (DA2, DA-S) is located on the outer side of the display surface parallel to each of the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2) and is located at a portion that is bent from the display surface, and may have a structure that is bent with a predetermined curvature. The bending display area (DA2, DA-S) is divided into a first bending display area (DA2; hereinafter also referred to as a 2-1 display area or a first auxiliary display area) that is bent from an edge of the normal display area (DA1) and a second bending display area (DA-S; hereinafter also referred to as a 2-2 display area or a second auxiliary display area) that is bent from an edge of the normal display area (DA1). A boundary (BRL) may be located between the first bending display area (DA2) and the second bending display area (DA-S), but in some embodiments, the boundary (BRL) may not be visible to the user.

[0169] Referring to FIG. 7, the light-emitting display device (1000) may include a cover window (WU), a display panel (DP), a support (SPT), and a housing (HM).

[0170] A cover window (WU) may be arranged on the front surface of a display panel (DP). In the present embodiment, the front surface (or upper surface) and the back surface (or lower surface) of each member are defined based on a third direction (DR3). The front surface and the back surface may be opposite each other in the third direction (DR3), and the normal direction of each of the front surface and the back surface may be parallel to the third direction (DR3). A separation distance between the front surface and the back surface in the third direction (DR3) may correspond to a thickness of the display panel (DP) in the third direction (DR3).

[0171] The cover window (WU) can protect the display panel (DP) from external impact, etc. The cover window (WU) can include a transparent material. For example, the cover window (WU) can include glass or transparent synthetic resin. The cover window (WU) can include transparent areas (TA1, TA2, TA-S) so that an image can be viewed from the front. Here, the transparent areas (TA1, TA2, TA-S) can be divided into a normal transparent area (TA1) corresponding to the normal display area (DA1), a first bending transparent area (TA2) corresponding to the first bending display area (DA2), and a second bending transparent area (TA-S) corresponding to the second bending display area (DA-S). Meanwhile, according to an embodiment, the cover window (WU) can include an anti-reflection layer (ARL), as shown in FIG. 3.

[0172] The display panel (DP) may include a display area (DA1, DA2, DA-S), a peripheral area (PA1, PA2) located outside the display area (DA1, DA2, DA-S), and a driving unit (50, 51).

[0173] Each display area (DA1, DA2, DA-S) may have pixels containing light-emitting elements, and may be an area in which the pixels operate in response to electrical signals to emit light. In one embodiment, a touch sensor may be positioned above the display areas (DA1, DA2, DA-S) so that external inputs may also be detected.

[0174] A peripheral area (PA1, PA2) may be located in a non-display area outside the display area (DA1, DA2, DA-S).

[0175] A first driving unit (50) is positioned in the first peripheral area (PA1) to drive pixels positioned in the display areas (DA1, DA2, DA-S) to display an image, and a second driving unit (51) is positioned in the second peripheral area (PA2) to detect an external touch. Specifically, the first driving unit (50) is electrically connected to the display areas (DA1, DA2, DA-S) to transmit electrical signals to the display areas (DA1, DA2, DA-S). For example, the first driving unit (50) can provide data signals to pixels positioned in the display areas (DA1, DA2, DA-S).

[0176] Meanwhile, the light-emitting display device (1000) may have a pad positioned at the end of the first peripheral area (PA1), and may be electrically connected to a printed circuit board (not shown) including a driving chip through the pad. In some embodiments, a pad may also be formed in the second peripheral area (PA2) to receive or transmit information from the outside.

[0177] A light-emitting display device (1000) according to one embodiment can detect a user input applied from the outside. The user input may include various forms of external input, such as a part of the user's body, light, heat, or pressure. In one embodiment, the user input is illustrated as the user's hand applied to the front. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The user input may be provided in various forms, and further, the light-emitting display device (1000) may detect a user input applied to the side or back of the light-emitting display device (1000) depending on the structure of the light-emitting display device (1000).

[0178] The support (SPT) serves to support the display areas (DA1, DA2, DA-S) so that the normal display area (DA1) has a flat structure and the bending display area (DA2, DA-S) has a bent structure. The support (SPT) can be formed of various materials such as glass, plastic, or metal.

[0179] A housing (HM) may be combined with a cover window (WU) to form the exterior of a light-emitting display device (1000). The housing (HM) may be combined with the cover window (WU) to provide a predetermined receiving space. A display panel (DP) and a support (SPT) may be accommodated in a predetermined receiving space provided between the housing (HM) and the cover window (WU).

[0180] The housing (HM) may include a material with relatively high rigidity. For example, the housing (HM) may include a plurality of frames and / or plates made of glass, plastic, or metal, or a combination thereof. The housing (HM) can reliably protect the components of the light-emitting display device (1000) housed in the internal space from external impact.

[0181] Meanwhile, FIG. 8 illustrates a display panel (DP) that may be included in a light-emitting display device (1000) according to one embodiment.

[0182] FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a display panel according to one embodiment.

[0183] The display panel (DP) illustrated in Fig. 8 has a structure in which each of the four sides is bent and folded, and the display area (DA) is folded by bending lines (BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4) to have a structure in which it is divided into a normal display area (DA1) and a bending display area (DA21, DA22, DA23, DA24).

[0184] The normal display area (DA1) may have a rectangular planar shape having a first direction (DR1) and a second direction (DR2), but is not limited thereto. The normal display area (DA1) may have another polygonal, circular, or elliptical planar shape. The corner where the first direction (DR1) and the second direction (DR2) meet in the normal display area (DA1) may be formed to be rounded to have a predetermined curvature or formed at a right angle. The normal display area (DA1) may be formed to be flat or may include a curved surface.

[0185] If we look at each bending display area (DA21, DA22, DA23, DA24) separately, it can be as follows.

[0186] The first-side bending display area (DA21) may extend from the first side of the normal display area (DA1). The first-side bending display area (DA21) may be bent along the first bending line (BL1) of the first side of the normal display area (DA1) and may have a first curvature. The bending angle of the first-side bending display area (DA21) with respect to the normal display area (DA1) may be approximately 90 degrees or less. The first side of the normal display area (DA1) may be the left side of the normal display area (DA1).

[0187] The second-side bending display area (DA22) may extend from the second side of the normal display area (DA1). The second-side bending display area (DA22) may be bent along the second bending line (BL2) of the second side of the normal display area (DA1) and may have a second curvature. The second curvature may be substantially the same as or different from the first curvature. The bending angle of the second-side bending display area (DA22) with respect to the normal display area (DA1) may be approximately 90 degrees or less. The second side of the normal display area (DA1) may be the right side of the normal display area (DA1).

[0188] The third-side bending display area (DA23) may extend from the third side of the normal display area (DA1). The third-side bending display area (DA23) may be bent along the third bending line (BL3) of the third side of the normal display area (DA1) and may have a third curvature. The bending angle of the third-side bending display area (DA23) with respect to the normal display area (DA1) may be approximately 90 degrees or less. The third side of the normal display area (DA1) may be the lower side of the normal display area (DA1).

[0189] The fourth-side bending display area (DA24) may extend from the fourth side of the normal display area (DA1). The fourth-side bending display area (DA24) may be bent along the fourth bending line (BL4) of the fourth side of the normal display area (DA1) and may have a fourth curvature. The fourth curvature may be substantially the same as or different from the third curvature. The bending angle of the fourth-side bending display area (DA24) with respect to the normal display area (DA1) may be approximately 90 degrees or less. The fourth side of the normal display area (DA1) may be an upper side of the normal display area (DA1).

[0190] Meanwhile, depending on the embodiment, the display panel (DP) may further include a second bending display area (DA-S) positioned at a bend at the corner as in FIG. 7.

[0191] In the above, we have examined light-emitting display devices having flexible characteristics, and among them, we have examined the structure of a foldable light-emitting display device through FIG. 5 and a bended light-emitting display device in which a portion of the display area is bent through FIG. 6. Since FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are examples of flexible light-emitting display devices, the following embodiments can be applied to various flexible light-emitting display devices.

[0192] Below, the structure of a light emitting diode having a step according to one embodiment will be examined through FIGS. 9 and 10, and the planar structure will be examined first through FIG. 9.

[0193] FIG. 9 is a plan view of a portion of a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment.

[0194] Fig. 9 illustrates the planar structure of one light-emitting diode included in a light-emitting display device.

[0195] In Fig. 9, two light emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) having different cathode heights and forming a step structure are included. The two light emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) are positioned within an opening (OP) of a pixel defining film, and the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (see 380 in Fig. 10) is positioned within a second opening (OPBM) of a light blocking member (see 220 in Fig. 10).

[0196] In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member each have a circular shape. Depending on the embodiment, the planar shapes of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member may vary, and this will be discussed with reference to FIGS. 32 to 34.

[0197] A single light emitting diode (LD) can be divided into a first light emitting diode (LD1) and a second light emitting diode (LD2). The first light emitting diode (LD1) and the second light emitting diode (LD2) are electrically connected, such that the anodes (see Anode in Fig. 10) of the two light emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) are connected to each other, and the cathodes (see Cathode in Fig. 10) of the two light emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) are connected to each other.

[0198] In the embodiment of Fig. 9, the first light-emitting diode (LD1) has a structure that surrounds the second light-emitting diode (LD2) in a planar shape. The planar shape of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) has a donut shape, and the planar shape of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) has a circle.

[0199] Two light emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) are positioned within an opening (OP) of a pixel defining film and also within a second opening (OPBM) of a planar light-shielding member.

[0200] The second light-emitting diode (LD2) is formed at a position overlapping the center of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and / or the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member in a planar manner, and in some embodiments, the center of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) in a planar manner may coincide with the center of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and / or the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member. Meanwhile, the center of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) in a planar manner may be positioned at a position overlapping the second light-emitting diode (LD2) and may coincide with the center of the second light-emitting diode (LD2).

[0201] The first light-emitting diode (LD1) is formed to have a thinner thickness than the second light-emitting diode (LD2) (see Fig. 10), and the height of the cathode relative to the anode (hereinafter also referred to as the height of the cathode) in the two light-emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) is higher in the second light-emitting diode (LD2). Here, the thickness of the light-emitting diode may be the thickness from the lower surface of the anode to the upper surface of the cathode.

[0202] The thickness and height of the two light-emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) are examined in more detail through the cross-sectional structure of Fig. 10.

[0203] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 9.

[0204] A light-emitting display device according to one embodiment can display an image by forming a light-emitting diode (LD) on a substrate (110), can detect a touch by including a plurality of sensing electrodes (see 540 and 541 of FIG. 36), and can include a light-blocking member (220) and a color filter (230).

[0205] In addition, a polarizing plate is not formed on the front surface of a light-emitting display panel (DP) according to one embodiment, and instead, a pixel defining film (380) is formed with a black organic material, and a light-blocking member (220) and a color filter (230) are formed on the upper surface so that even if external light is incident on the inside, it is not reflected from an anode or the like and transmitted to the user.

[0206] A light-emitting display device according to one embodiment is as follows.

[0207] The substrate (110) may include a rigid material such as glass that does not bend, or a flexible material that can bend, such as plastic or polyimide.

[0208] A plurality of thin film transistors are formed on the substrate (110), but are omitted in FIG. 10, and only the organic film (180) covering the thin film transistors is illustrated. One pixel is formed with a pixel circuit portion in which a light emitting diode and a plurality of transistors and capacitors that transmit light emitting current to the light emitting diode are formed. The pixel circuit portion is not illustrated in FIG. 10, and the structure of the pixel circuit portion may vary depending on the embodiment. FIG. 10 illustrates the organic film (180) covering the pixel circuit portion.

[0209] A light emitting diode (LD) including an anode, an intermediate layer (EL) including a light emitting layer, and a cathode is positioned on the organic film (180). A contact hole (CNT) is positioned on the organic film (180), and a transistor positioned below the organic film (180) and the anode of the light emitting diode (LD) are electrically connected through the contact hole (CNT).

[0210] An anode (hereinafter also referred to as a first electrode) includes a first anode (Anode1) and a second anode (Anode2) formed on the first anode (Anode1) and overlapping a portion of the first anode (Anode1). Since both the first anode (Anode1) and the second anode (Anode2) have electrical conductivity, the same voltage or current can be applied to them.

[0211] The first anode (Anode1) may be composed of a single layer including a transparent conductive oxide film and a metal material, or a multilayer including them. The transparent conductive oxide film may include indium tin oxide (ITO), poly-ITO, indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), and indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), and the metal material may include silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), gold (Au), and aluminum (Al). In FIG. 10, the first anode (Anode1) is illustrated as being formed as a single layer, but according to one embodiment, the first anode (Anode1) may have a double-layer structure, and may include a first layer formed of a metal material and a second layer formed of a transparent conductive oxide film. The first anode (Anode1) may form a reflective electrode by reflecting all light due to the first layer formed of the metal material. The following first anode (Anode1) is described with a focus on an example formed as a double layer.

[0212] The second anode (Anode2) can be formed as a transparent electrode including a transparent conductive material, and the transparent conductive material includes a transparent conductive oxide film, and can include ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), poly-ITO, IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide), ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide), etc., and the following description will focus on an example formed using IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide).

[0213] The second anode (Anode2) is in direct contact with a portion of the first anode (Anode1), and the second anode (Anode2) may have a planar structure that is symmetrical with respect to the center of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film. Meanwhile, according to an embodiment, the edge of the second anode (Anode2) may be positioned at a constant horizontal distance from the boundary of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film on the plane. Here, the symmetrical planar structure may mean that two edges of the second anode (Anode2) that are positioned in opposite directions with respect to the center of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film are positioned at the same distance, and when an error is taken into account, may include a case where they are positioned with a distance difference of less than about 10%.

[0214] Referring to FIG. 9, the second anode (Anode2) and the first anode (Anode1) may have the same planar shape.

[0215] The second anode (Anode2) may be positioned only within the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and / or the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member in a planar manner. In addition, the second anode (Anode2) may be formed at a position overlapping the center of the first anode (Anode1), and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) is formed at a position overlapping the center of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and / or the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member in a planar manner, and in some embodiments, the planar center of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) may coincide with the center of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and / or the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member. Meanwhile, the planar center of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) may be positioned at a position overlapping the second light-emitting diode (LD2) and may coincide with the center of the second light-emitting diode (LD2).

[0216] The anode (Anode) is formed with a structure having an overall step due to the second anode (Anode2), and at this time, the first anode (Anode1) can be formed with a structure without a step.

[0217] A pixel defining film (380) is positioned on the organic film (180) and the anode, and an opening (OP; hereinafter also referred to as a first opening) is formed in the pixel defining film (380), and the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380) overlaps a portion of the anode. Referring to FIG. 10, the second anode (Anode2) overlaps only with the opening (OP) and does not overlap with the pixel defining film (380), and the first anode (Anode1) may have a structure in which it overlaps with the pixel defining film (380) and the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380).

[0218] The pixel defining film (380) may be formed of a negative-type black organic material. The black organic material may include a light-blocking material, and the light-blocking material may include carbon black, carbon nanotubes, a resin or paste containing a black dye, metal particles such as nickel, aluminum, molybdenum, and alloys thereof, metal oxide particles (e.g., chromium nitride), etc. The pixel defining film (380) has a black color by including the light-blocking material, and may have a characteristic in which light is absorbed / blocked rather than reflected. Since a negative-type organic material is used, it may have a characteristic in which a portion covered by a mask is removed.

[0219] A spacer (385) is formed on the pixel defining film (380). The spacer (385) includes a first portion (385-1) that is tall and located in a narrow area, and a second portion (385-2) that is short and located in a wide area. In Fig. 10, the first portion (385-1) and the second portion (385-2) are separated by a dotted line within the spacer (385). Here, the first portion (385-1) can serve to strengthen scratch strength and secure rigidity against pressing pressure. The second portion (385-2) can serve to assist contact between the pixel defining film (380) and the upper functional layer. The first portion (385-1) and the second portion (385-2) are formed of the same material, and may be formed of a positive type photosensitive organic material. For example, photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) may be used. Since the material has positive characteristics, a portion not covered by the mask can be removed. The spacer (385) is transparent, allowing light to be transmitted and / or reflected.

[0220] The pixel definition film (380) may be formed as a negative type, and the spacer (385) may be formed as a positive type, and depending on the embodiment, they may include materials of the same type.

[0221] At least a portion of the upper surface of the pixel defining film (380) is covered by the spacer (385), and the edge of the second portion (385-2) has a structure that is spaced apart from the edge of the pixel defining film (380) so that a portion of the pixel defining film (380) is not covered by the spacer (385). The second portion (385-2) can cover even the upper surface of the pixel defining film (380) where the first portion (385-1) is not positioned, thereby enhancing the adhesion characteristics between the pixel defining film (380) and the functional layer. In the present embodiment, the spacer (385) is positioned only in an area that overlaps the light-blocking member (220) to be described later in a plane, so that the spacer (385) may not be visible because it is covered by the light-blocking member (220) when viewed from the front of the display panel (DP).

[0222] The spacer (385) can increase the scratch resistance of the light-emitting display panel (DP) to reduce the occurrence rate of defects due to pressing pressure, and, depending on the embodiment, can increase the adhesive strength with the functional layer located on the upper portion of the spacer (385) to prevent moisture and air from being introduced from the outside. In addition, the high adhesive strength has the advantage of eliminating the problem of the adhesive strength between layers decreasing when the light-emitting display panel (DP) is folded and unfolded in the case where it has flexible characteristics.

[0223] An intermediate layer (EL) including a light-emitting layer is positioned on top of an anode exposed by an opening (OP) of a pixel defining film (380).

[0224] The light-emitting layer (see EML of FIG. 36) may be formed of an organic light-emitting material, may be positioned only within the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380), and is separated from adjacent light-emitting layers by the pixel defining film (380). Adjacent light-emitting layers may display different colors. Meanwhile, depending on the embodiment, each light-emitting layer may display light of the same color due to the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) positioned thereon. Depending on the embodiment, the light-emitting layer may have a structure in which a plurality of light-emitting layers are stacked (also called a tandem structure).

[0225] The intermediate layer (EL) further includes a functional layer (see FL of Fig. 36) in addition to the light-emitting layer, and the functional layer may include at least one layer of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, and a hole injection layer. The functional layer may be positioned above and below the light-emitting layer. That is, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode are sequentially positioned on an anode, so that the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer among the functional layers may be positioned below the light-emitting layer, and the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer may be positioned above the light-emitting layer.

[0226] The functional layer among the intermediate layer (EL) or intermediate layer (EL) is also positioned on top of the spacer (385) and the exposed pixel defining film (380), and may be formed on the entire surface of the light-emitting display panel (DP) or may be formed on all areas except for a portion, for example, the light-transmitting area of ​​the second component area (EA2).

[0227] Since the intermediate layer (EL) is positioned along the step of the anode (Anode) caused by the second anode (Anode2), the intermediate layer (EL) positioned above the second anode (Anode2) may have a higher height of the upper surface than the intermediate layer (EL) positioned above the first anode (Anode1).

[0228] A cathode (hereinafter also referred to as a second electrode) is positioned on the intermediate layer (EL). The cathode may be a semitransparent electrode and may be formed of a metal thin film having a small work function, including lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), lithium / calcium fluoride (LiF / Ca), lithium fluoride / aluminum (LiF / Al), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), and compounds thereof. According to an embodiment, the cathode may further have a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) film, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), or indium oxide (In2O3), disposed on the metal thin film. The cathode may be formed integrally over the entire surface of the light-emitting display panel (DP).

[0229] The cathode is positioned on the intermediate layer (EL), and the cathode is formed to have a structure with a step height depending on the step height of the intermediate layer (EL). Specifically, the cathode may have a step height in an area overlapping with the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film. The portion of the cathode that overlaps with the second anode (Anode2) may have a higher upper surface height than the portion that overlaps only with the first anode (Anode1).

[0230] The first light-emitting diode (LD1) may be configured to include a first anode (Anode1) portion that does not overlap with a second anode (Anode2), a cathode (Cathode) facing the first anode (Anode1) portion, and an intermediate layer (EL) positioned between the first anode (Anode1) portion and the cathode (Cathode) facing the first anode (Anode1) portion.

[0231] The second light-emitting diode (LD2) comprises a second anode (Anode2), a cathode (Cathode) facing the second anode (Anode2), and an intermediate layer (EL) positioned between the second anode (Anode2) and the cathode (Cathode) facing the second anode (Anode2), and may also include a portion of the first anode (Anode1) overlapping the second anode (Anode2).

[0232] Since the second anode (Anode2) is positioned above the first anode (Anode1), the anode of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) can be thicker, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) can also be taller. The portion of the first anode (Anode1) covered by the pixel defining film (380) may not be included in the light-emitting diode (LD).

[0233] The cathode has translucent properties, acting as a semi-transparent electrode that transmits some light and reflects the rest. Meanwhile, the anode acts as a reflective electrode, resulting in a phenomenon of light resonance (microcavity) between the anode and cathode.

[0234] Specifically, some of the light emitted from the light-emitting layer and incident on the cathode is transmitted, but the rest is reflected and transmitted to the anode. Since all of the light is reflected at the anode, it is transmitted back to the cathode, and some of it is reflected again. During this optical cycle, the light interferes with each other. By adjusting the thickness of the light-emitting layer and / or the intermediate layer so that constructive interference can occur during the interference phenomenon, light with a specific frequency (color of light) is reinforced and provided to the user's eyes. This resonance method has the advantage of improving light efficiency.

[0235] In particular, in the present embodiment, since the second anode (Anode2) is a transparent electrode formed of a transparent conductive material, it does not reflect light but transmits it, so the resonance structure of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) and the resonance structure of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) both occur between the cathode (Cathode) and the first anode (Anode1). The thickness of the resonance structure of the first light-emitting diode (LD1), that is, the thickness between the cathode of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the first anode (Anode1), is different from the thickness of the resonance structure of the second light-emitting diode (LD2), that is, the thickness between the cathode of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the first anode (Anode1), so the wavelengths in which constructive interference occurs due to resonance between the two light-emitting diodes (LD1, LD2) may be different. Since such a structure includes two or more resonance structures, it is also called a multi-resonance structure.

[0236] Referring to Fig. 10, an encapsulation layer (400) is positioned on the cathode. The encapsulation layer (400) includes at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and may have a triple-layer structure in which a lower inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and an upper inorganic encapsulation layer are sequentially positioned. One end of the encapsulation layer (400) may have a structure in which the lower inorganic encapsulation layer and the upper inorganic encapsulation layer are in contact, and may be for protecting a light-emitting layer formed of an organic material from moisture or oxygen that may be introduced from the outside. According to an embodiment, the encapsulation layer (400) may include a structure in which an inorganic layer and an organic layer are sequentially stacked.

[0237] A touch sensing layer (500) capable of detecting a touch is positioned on the encapsulating layer (400), and the touch sensing layer (500) may include a sensing insulating layer (see 501, 510, 511 of FIG. 36) and a plurality of sensing electrodes (see 540, 541 of FIG. 36).

[0238] A light-blocking member (220) and a color filter (230R, 230G, 230B) are positioned on the touch-sensitive layer (500).

[0239] The light-blocking member (220) may be positioned to overlap the pixel definition film (380) in a plane, and may be positioned so as not to overlap the anode in a plane. This is to prevent the anode and the light-emitting layer capable of displaying an image from being covered by the light-blocking member (220).

[0240] The light-shielding member (220) also has a second opening (OPBM; hereinafter also referred to as a second opening), and the area of ​​the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member (220) can be formed to be larger than the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film (380), and the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film (380) on a plane can be positioned within the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member (220).

[0241] Color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) are positioned on the light-shielding member (220). The color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) include a red color filter (230R) that transmits red light, a green color filter (230G) that transmits green light, and a blue color filter (230B) that transmits blue light. Each color filter (230R, 230G, 230B) may be positioned to overlap with an anode of a light-emitting diode in a plane, and a color filter (230R, 230G, 230B) of one color may be filled within the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member (220). Some of the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) may also be positioned on the upper surface of the light-blocking member (220). Since the light emitted from the light-emitting layer of the light-emitting diode may be emitted while changing to the corresponding color as it passes through the color filter, all the light emitted from the light-emitting layer may have the same color. However, the light in the light-emitting layer may exhibit different colors, and the displayed color may be enhanced by passing through the color filter of the same color.

[0242] The light-shielding member (220) may be positioned between each of the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B). Depending on the embodiment, the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) may be replaced with a color conversion layer or may further include a color conversion layer. The color conversion layer may include a quantum dot.

[0243] A planarization layer (550) covering the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) is positioned on the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B). The planarization layer (550) is for planarizing the upper surface of the light-emitting display panel and may be a transparent organic insulating film including one or more materials selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyamide, acrylic resin, benzocyclobutene, and phenol resin.

[0244] According to an embodiment, a low-refractive layer and an additional flattening layer may be further positioned on the flattening layer (550) to improve the front visibility and light emission efficiency of the display panel. Light may be refracted and emitted toward the front by the low-refractive layer and the additional flattening layer having high refractive index characteristics. In this case, depending on the embodiment, the flattening layer (550) may be omitted and the low-refractive layer and the additional flattening layer may be positioned directly on the color filter (230).

[0245] A cover window (WU) may be positioned on top of the flattening layer (550). The cover window (WU) may further include an additional optical film, and may have a structure as shown in FIG. 3, depending on the embodiment. Depending on the embodiment, the cover window (WU) may or may not include a polarizing plate.

[0246] The effect caused by the second anode (Anode2) formed of a transparent conductive material, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, is specifically examined through FIGS. 11 to 20, and below, the results of an experiment using an example including the second anode (Anode2) formed of IZO are shown.

[0247] Figures 11 to 20 are graphs explaining the effects according to the embodiment of Figure 9.

[0248] First, the luminance ratio of the second light-emitting diode according to the angle generated by changing the thickness of the second anode is illustrated through Fig. 11. Here, IZO represents the second anode, and "Ref. device" represents the luminance ratio according to the angle of the first light-emitting diode, i.e., a structure without the second anode.

[0249] Referring to Fig. 11, it can be confirmed that the brightness ratio of the second light-emitting diode changes according to the angle depending on the thickness of the second anode.

[0250] In Fig. 11, it can be seen that the luminance ratio of the "Ref. element", i.e., the first light-emitting diode, decreases as it goes to the side rather than the front (0 degrees).

[0251] In Fig. 11, when the thickness of the second anode is 100 Å, the second light-emitting diode also has a lower luminance ratio at the side than at the front (0 degrees). However, in an embodiment where the thickness of the second anode is 200 Å or more, it can be confirmed that the luminance ratio at the front (0 degrees) is low and the luminance ratio at the side is high. In the embodiment where the thickness of the second anode is 100 Å in Fig. 11, the luminance ratio at the front (0 degrees) is also high with a value exceeding 0.9, but the luminance ratio has a maximum luminance ratio around 20 degrees at the side, and thereafter, the luminance ratio decreases as it goes to the side. In the embodiment where the thickness of the second anode is 200 Å, the luminance ratio at the front (0 degrees) is also low with a value of about 0.7, has a maximum luminance ratio around 40 degrees at the side, and thereafter, the luminance ratio decreases as it goes to the side. In the embodiment where the thickness of the second anode is 300 Å, the luminance ratio at the front (0 degrees) also has a low value of about 0.4, has a maximum luminance ratio at around 50 degrees to the side, and then decreases toward the side. In the embodiment where the thickness of the second anode is 400 Å, it can be confirmed that the luminance ratio at the front (0 degrees) also has a low value of about 0.3, and increases toward the side.

[0252] Considering the luminance ratio according to the angle of the second light-emitting diode as in Fig. 11 and the luminance ratio according to the angle of the first light-emitting diode shown as "Ref. element", the light-emitting diode according to the embodiments of Figs. 9 and 10 has a merged luminance ratio as in Fig. 12.

[0253] Fig. 12(A) shows the luminance ratio according to the angle of the "Ref. element" of Fig. 11, i.e., the first light-emitting diode, and Fig. 12(B) shows the luminance ratio according to the angle of the second light-emitting diode formed with a second anode thickness of 350 Å. Fig. 12(C) is the sum of the luminance ratios according to the angle of Figs. 12(A) and 12(B), and shows the luminance ratio according to the angle of the entire light-emitting diode including the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode, as in the embodiments of Figs. 9 and 10.

[0254] Referring to Fig. 12(A), the luminance ratio of the first light-emitting diode decreases as it goes to the side compared to the front (0 degrees), and referring to Fig. 12(B), the second light-emitting diode has a low luminance ratio at the front (0 degrees) and a high luminance ratio as it goes to the side, so when these are combined, as in Fig. 12(C), it can be confirmed that the luminance ratio at the side is also lower than the front, but can have a luminance ratio of 0.7 (70%) at a 45 degree angle to the side. In particular, referring to Fig. 12(A), compared to the luminance ratio at a 45 degree angle of 0.4 (40%) when only the first light-emitting diode is included, it can be confirmed that the luminance ratio at the side can be improved by additionally forming a second anode to include the second light-emitting diode, as in the embodiments of Figs. 9 and 10.

[0255] Meanwhile, in Fig. 13, the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to angle is shown.

[0256] In Fig. 13(A), the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the "Ref. element", i.e., the first light-emitting diode, is shown, and in Fig. 13(B), the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the second light-emitting diode formed with the second anode having a thickness of 350 Å is shown, and in Fig. 13(C), the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the entire light-emitting diode is shown by adding the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of Figs. 13(A) and 13(B).

[0257] Referring to Fig. 13(A), it can be seen that the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the first light-emitting diode has the largest value (2.3%) around 35 degrees, and the rate of change decreases as it goes to both sides. Referring to Fig. 13(B), the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the second light-emitting diode is relatively larger than the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the first light-emitting diode, has a maximum value exceeding 6% around 40 degrees, and the rate of change decreases relatively significantly as it goes to both sides. Referring to Fig. 13(C), it is a graph that combines the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of Figs. 13(A) and 13(B), and is the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the entire light-emitting diode. Referring to FIGS. 13(A), 13(B), and 13(C), it can be confirmed that the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of the entire light-emitting diode has a lower rate of change than the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle of each of the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode, and has a maximum rate of change of less than 1.0%. Therefore, referring to FIG. 13, the entire light-emitting diodes as in FIGS. 9 and 10 additionally form a second anode to form a second light-emitting diode, thereby reducing the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) according to the angle, and thus also has the advantage of being able to view an image of constant quality without the display quality significantly changing according to the angle.

[0258] Below, the luminance ratio (LvA), the luminance change rate (dLvA) according to the angle, and the frontal efficiency according to the thickness of the second anode are examined through Fig. 14.

[0259] In the case where the thickness of IZO in Fig. 14 is 0, the second anode is not formed, so it corresponds to the above “Ref. element” and only the first light-emitting diode is formed.

[0260] In Fig. 14, it can be seen that the frontal efficiency decreases as the thickness of the IZO increases, which shows that as the thickness of the second anode increases, the light emitted to the side increases while the brightness at the front decreases.

[0261] In Fig. 14, the luminance ratio (LvA) according to the angle is the luminance ratio at a 45 degree side angle, and increases as the thickness of the IZO increases. It can be confirmed that the luminance ratio (LvA) according to the angle has a maximum value at 300 Å or more and 350 Å or less, and that the luminance ratio also decreases as the thickness becomes thicker.

[0262] In Fig. 14, the rate of change in luminance according to angle (dLvA) is also the rate of change in luminance from the side, and it can be confirmed that it gradually decreases as the thickness of IZO increases, has a minimum value at 300 Å or more and 350 Å or less, and then increases again.

[0263] Therefore, when the second anode has a thickness of 300 Å or more and 350 Å or less, the luminance ratio according to the angle (LvA) becomes maximum, and the luminance change rate according to the angle (dLvA) becomes minimum, so that the display quality can be improved the most. Since this is only the optimal thickness of the optimized second anode, the thickness of the second anode is not limited to this. That is, referring to Fig. 11, even when the thickness of the second anode is 100 Å, the luminance ratio is higher at around 20 degrees than the front, so it is effective in sending light to the side. In addition, in Fig. 11, even when the second anode has a thickness of 400 Å, the front luminance ratio is low and the luminance ratio increases as it goes to the side, so it can be expected that the second anode having a thickness exceeding 400 Å will also have similar luminance ratio characteristics. Accordingly, the second anode may be formed to be 50 Å or more and 500 Å or less.

[0264] Hereinafter, the characteristics according to the area ratio of the second anode will be examined through FIGS. 15 to 17. Here, the area ratio of the second anode is the area ratio of the second anode to the area of ​​the opening of the pixel defining film in which the second anode is formed on a plane.

[0265] First, Fig. 15 shows how the luminance ratio (LvA) at a 45-degree angle varies depending on the area of ​​the second anode. Here, the second anode is formed of 350 Å IZO.

[0266] In Fig. 15, the area ratio of 0 corresponds to the 'Ref. device' in which only the first light-emitting diode is formed because the second anode is not formed, and in the case of the 'Ref. device', the luminance ratio at a 45-degree angle is less than 40%. However, it can be confirmed that the luminance ratio at a 45-degree angle increases as the second anode is formed and the area increases.

[0267] In Fig. 16, the change in luminance (dLvA) with respect to angle is shown for various areas of the second anode. Here, the thickness of the second anode is 350 Å.

[0268] Referring to Fig. 16, it can be seen that as the area ratio of the second anode increases, the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) decreases overall, and when the area ratio reaches 80%, the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) increases again. In Fig. 16, the arrows are lines connecting the maximum values ​​of the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) at each area ratio, and the area ratio also increases as it moves in the direction of the arrows.

[0269] Figure 17 is a graph showing the rate of change in luminance (dLvA) with respect to the area ratio, and at this time, the thickness of the second anode is 350 Å.

[0270] Referring to Fig. 17, when the area ratio is 67%, the luminance change rate (dLvA) has a minimum value of 0.6%, and the area ratio having a luminance change rate (dLvA) of 1.0% or less is 52% or more and less than 75%. Since the area ratio of Fig. 17 is an area corresponding to a specific luminance change rate (dLvA) value, the second anode can be formed even with an area ratio other than this, and as the area ratio increases compared to the case where the area ratio is 0% in Fig. 17, the luminance change rate (dLvA) decreases, and since the luminance change rate (dLvA) is sufficiently low up to 75%, the area ratio of the second anode can have a value of 5% or more and 75% or less depending on the embodiment.

[0271] Below, the characteristics on the color coordinates are examined through Figs. 18 to 20.

[0272] First, in Fig. 18, the characteristics of the color coordinates of each color light-emitting diode are shown separately.

[0273] FIG. 18(A), FIG. 18(B), and FIG. 18(C) show the color coordinate characteristics that change when the angle is changed for each of the red, green, and blue light-emitting diodes, respectively, and FIG. 18(D) shows the color coordinate characteristics of the white color that combines these characteristics. In addition, in FIG. 18, the Ref. device includes only the first light-emitting diode, the IZO application device includes only the second light-emitting diode, and the 50% area ratio embodiment indicates an embodiment in which the area ratios of the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode are each 50%.

[0274] Specifically, referring to Fig. 18(A), red is located on a straight line in the diagonal direction on the color coordinates, the Ref. element is located on the upper left, and the IZO applied element is located on the lower right. Meanwhile, the 50% area ratio example is located between the two, and has a portion that overlaps with some of the Ref. element and the IZO applied element.

[0275] Looking at the characteristics of green through Fig. 18(B), the Ref. element is located on a curve, and the IZO application element is located on a line close to a straight line and is separated from each other. The Ref. element is located on the upper left, and the IZO application element is located on the lower right. Meanwhile, the 50% area ratio embodiment is located on a broken curve located between the two. The 50% area ratio embodiment may partially overlap with the IZO application element. Here, the area ratio is the same as the area ratio of the second anode described above, and is the area ratio of the second anode to the area of ​​the opening of the pixel defining film where the second anode is formed on a plane.

[0276] Looking at the characteristics of blue through Fig. 18(C), the Ref. device is located on a line close to a straight line, and the IZO applied device is located on a curve and is separated from each other. The Ref. device is located on the lower right, and the IZO applied device is located on the upper left. Meanwhile, the 50% area ratio embodiment is located in a region between the two, and may not overlap with the Ref. device and the IZO applied device.

[0277] The color coordinate characteristics of white, which are the sum of the color coordinate characteristics of each of these colors, can be as shown in Fig. 18(D). Referring to Fig. 18(D), the Ref. element is located on a line close to a straight line, and the IZO application element is located on a curved line. The Ref. element is located on the left, and the IZO application element is located on the right. Meanwhile, the 50% area ratio embodiment is located on a bent line that extends upward in the area between the two, and can overlap with the Ref. element and the IZO application element.

[0278] Referring to Fig. 18(D), the Ref. element has a decrease in luminance as the color coordinate moves toward a shorter wavelength when the angle increases, but the IZO applied element has an increase in luminance as the angle increases and moves toward a shorter wavelength. In addition, since the IZO applied element is located in a relatively long wavelength region compared to the Ref. element, in an embodiment that combines the two characteristics, the color coordinate is located in an intermediate region.

[0279] In this way, merging different characteristics according to the increase in angle can have the advantage of alleviating changes in luminance.

[0280] If the characteristics of these color coordinates are simulated while providing various area ratios for each color, the result is as shown in Figure 19.

[0281] In Fig. 19, the area ratios of red, green, and blue are sequentially described. If the area ratio is 0 for all colors, it corresponds to a configuration without a second anode, thus corresponding to the Ref. device.

[0282] Referring to Fig. 19, simulations are performed for various area ratios, and it can be confirmed that the embodiment in which the area ratio for each color is relatively constant at 50% has the smallest change in color coordinates and thus the smallest change in color sensation according to angle. In other words, if the area ratios of red, green, and blue are different, the color sensation provided by each color changes, and in particular, the color sensation from the side changes more significantly, so it may be preferable in terms of color sensation when the area ratios of each color are the same or at a similar level (0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less).

[0283] Meanwhile, Fig. 20 shows the color coordinate change rate (ΔuV) according to the angle for the white color which is the combination of three colors. In Fig. 20, only the Ref. device and the 50% area ratio embodiment are shown. Compared to the Ref. device, the 50% area ratio embodiment has a lower color coordinate change rate (ΔuV) according to the angle, and thus has an advantage of providing a relatively consistent color sensation even from the side compared to the front (0 degrees). In addition, considering that the white color is a color which is the combination of red, green, and blue, it can be seen that the color coordinate change rates (ΔuV) according to the angle for red, green, and blue also decrease.

[0284] Below, the manufacturing method of the embodiment of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 will be examined through FIG. 21 to FIG. 24.

[0285] FIGS. 21 to 24 are cross-sectional views according to the manufacturing order of a part of the light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 9.

[0286] In FIGS. 21 to 24, the area between the organic film (180) and the substrate (110) is omitted, as in FIG. 10.

[0287] Referring to Fig. 21, a first anode (Anode1) is formed on an organic film (180) in which a contact hole (CNT) is formed.

[0288] The first anode (Anode1) can be completed by stacking a conductive material for the first anode and then patterning it. Here, the conductive material for the first anode can include a transparent conductive oxide film and / or a metal material, and the transparent conductive oxide film can include ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), poly-ITO, IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide), ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide), etc., and the metal material can include silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), etc.

[0289] Referring to Fig. 22, after the first anode (Anode1) is completed, a transparent conductive material for the second anode can be laminated and patterned thereon to complete the second anode (Anode2). Here, the transparent conductive material for the second anode can include a transparent conductive oxide film, and the transparent conductive oxide film can include ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), poly-ITO, IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide), ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide), and the like.

[0290] The shape, size, position, etc. of the first anode (Anode1) and the second anode (Anode2) can be determined according to the subsequent process and area ratio, etc., and the thickness of the second anode (Anode2) can also be determined considering the brightness ratio.

[0291] Referring to FIG. 23, after the first anode (Anode1) and the second anode (Anode2) are completed, a pixel defining film (380) having an opening (OP) overlapping the first anode (Anode1) and the second anode (Anode2) is formed. Here, the pixel defining film (380) may be formed of a negative-type black organic material. The black organic material may include a light-blocking material, and the light-blocking material may include carbon black, carbon nanotubes, a resin or paste containing a black dye, metal particles such as nickel, aluminum, molybdenum, and alloys thereof, metal oxide particles (e.g., chromium nitride), etc., and the opening (OP) may be formed using a portion covered by a mask.

[0292] Thereafter, referring to FIG. 24, an intermediate layer (EL) and a cathode are sequentially formed on the anode exposed through the pixel defining film (380) and the opening (OP) formed in the pixel defining film (380). Here, the intermediate layer (EL) may include a light-emitting layer (see EML of FIG. 36), and the light-emitting layer may be located only within the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380). In addition to the light-emitting layer, the intermediate layer (EL) may further include a functional layer (see FL of FIG. 36), and the functional layer may include at least one layer of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, and a hole injection layer that may be located above and below the light-emitting layer. According to an embodiment, the light-emitting layer included in the intermediate layer (EL) may have a structure in which a plurality of light-emitting layers are stacked (also called a tandem structure).

[0293] In the above, a method for manufacturing a part of a light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 9 has been examined through FIGS. 21 to 24. Below, various embodiments other than the embodiments of FIGS. 9 and 10 will be examined through FIGS. 25 to 34.

[0294] In FIGS. 25 to 28, an embodiment is shown in which the second anode (Anode2) is not positioned at the center of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film. In the embodiment of FIGS. 25 to 28, a part of the second anode (Anode2) is positioned outside the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and overlaps with the pixel defining film, and a part of the first anode (Anode1) is not covered by the second anode (Anode2).

[0295] First, let us look at the embodiments of Figs. 25 and 26.

[0296] FIG. 25 is a plan view of a portion of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment, and FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 25.

[0297] In the embodiments of FIGS. 25 and 26, unlike the embodiments of FIGS. 9 and 10, the second light-emitting diodes (LD2) corresponding to the first anode (Anode1) and the second anode (Anode2) are positioned at the periphery, and the first light-emitting diode (LD1) with only the first anode (Anode1) is positioned at the center.

[0298] Referring to FIG. 26, a part of the second anode (Anode2) overlaps with the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380), and the remaining part of the second anode (Anode2) overlaps with the pixel defining film (380) and is covered with the pixel defining film (380).

[0299] The cathode has a step in the area overlapping the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380), and in FIG. 26, has a low height in the center portion of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380).

[0300] The remaining parts of the embodiment of FIGS. 25 and 26 may be as described in FIGS. 9 and 10, and the embodiment of FIGS. 25 and 26 may also have a multi-resonance structure in which the thicknesses of the resonance structures of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) are different from each other, and may have the same or similar effect as the multi-resonance structure described in FIGS. 11 to 20.

[0301] In the embodiments of FIGS. 9 and 25, only one boundary is included to separate the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2). However, in some embodiments, the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) may be separated based on multiple boundaries. An embodiment having such a structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28.

[0302] FIG. 27 is a plan view of a portion of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment, and FIG. 28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 27.

[0303] The embodiment of FIG. 27 and FIG. 28 includes two or more second anodes (Anode2-1, Anode2-2) that are separated from each other.

[0304] In the embodiments of FIGS. 27 and 28, a structure is provided in which a first-first light-emitting diode (LD1-1) having only a first anode (Anode1) positioned in the center is positioned, a second-first light-emitting diode (LD2-1) corresponding to the first anode (Anode1) and the second-first anode (Anode2-1) is positioned around it, a first-second light-emitting diode (LD1-2) having only the first anode (Anode1) positioned around it is positioned, and a second-second light-emitting diode (LD2-1) corresponding to the first anode (Anode1) and the second-second anode (Anode2-2) is positioned around it. Here, the anode (Anode) includes a first anode (Anode1) and a second anode (Anode2), and the second anode (Anode2) includes a second-first anode (Anode2-1) and a second-second anode (Anode2-2). In addition, the light emitting diode (LD) includes a first light emitting diode (LD1) and a second light emitting diode (LD2), the first light emitting diode (LD1) includes a first-first light emitting diode (LD1-1) and a first-second light emitting diode (LD1-2), and the second light emitting diode (LD2) includes a second-first light emitting diode (LD2-1) and a second-second light emitting diode (LD2-2).

[0305] Referring to FIG. 28, a part of the 2-2 anode (Anode2-2) overlaps with the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380), and the remaining part of the 2-2 anode (Anode2-2) overlaps with the pixel defining film (380) and is covered with the pixel defining film (380). Meanwhile, the 2-1 anode (Anode2-1) overlaps only with the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380) and does not overlap with the pixel defining film (380).

[0306] The cathode has a step in the area overlapping with the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380), and in Fig. 26, has a low height in the center portion of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380). In addition, the cathode portion included in the first-second light-emitting diode (LD1-2) also has a low height.

[0307] The remaining parts of the embodiments of FIGS. 27 and 28 may be the same as those described in FIGS. 9 and 10, and the embodiments of FIGS. 27 and 28 may also have a multi-resonance structure in which the thicknesses of the resonance structures of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) are different from each other, and may have similar effects to the multi-resonance structure described in FIGS. 11 to 20.

[0308] Meanwhile, the display quality may vary depending on the number of boundaries separating the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2), and this will be examined in detail with reference to FIG. 29.

[0309] Figure 29 is a graph showing reflectivity according to step.

[0310] The second anode (Anode2) of the multi-resonance structure used in the simulation of Fig. 29 has a high luminance ratio (LvA), as seen in Fig. 14, and has a thickness that falls within a thickness range (300 Å or more and 350 Å or less) in which the luminance change rate (dLvA) can be small.

[0311] FIG. 29 illustrates changes in the reflectance of external light according to the step size of the cathode occurring at the boundary when the number of boundaries separating the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) is 1, 2, 3, and 4. That is, FIG. 29 shows how much of the external light is reduced and reflected due to the destructive interference phenomenon of the multi-resonance structure when external light is incident.

[0312] Referring to Fig. 29, it can be confirmed that the greater the number of boundaries separating the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2), the greater the degree to which external light is extinguished by destructive interference, thereby reducing the reflectance of the external light. In addition, it can be confirmed that the lowest reflectance of external light occurs when the size of the step occurring in the cathode is 90 nm, so it can be confirmed that the destructive interference occurs the greatest when the step of the cathode is 90 nm. However, considering that the step of the cathode is generated due to the thickness of the second anode (Anode2), when the thickness value of the second anode (Anode2) is 300 Å or more and 350 Å or less, it may be difficult to form the cathode by maximizing the reduction in reflectance because it is difficult to have a step of 90 nm, i.e., 900 Å. However, by forming an additional structure, the step of the cathode can be adjusted to a step of 90 nm, and in some embodiments, if the second anode (Anode2) is made of a transparent electrode (e.g., ITO, etc.) instead of IZO to lower the refractive index, the optimal thickness of the second anode (Anode2) can increase, so that the step of the cathode can be adjusted to a value of 90 nm to lower the reflectance of external light due to destructive interference.

[0313] The above discussion focused on the structure of a single light-emitting diode. However, to display a single color, three color light-emitting diodes are required, and a different multi-resonance structure can be formed for each color light-emitting diode. An example of this is described with reference to FIG. 39.

[0314] Fig. 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting display device according to another embodiment.

[0315] Figure 30 illustrates the cross-sectional structures of a red light-emitting diode (LDr), a green light-emitting diode (LDg), and a blue light-emitting diode (LDb), respectively. In addition, Figure 30 does not illustrate the functional layer included in the intermediate layer, but rather the light-emitting layers (ELMr, EMLg, EMLb).

[0316] A red light-emitting diode (LDr) may include a red anode (Anoder) including a red first anode (Anode1r) and a red second anode (Anode2r), a red light-emitting layer (EMLr), and a cathode. A green light-emitting diode (LDg) may include a green anode (Anodeg) including a green first anode (Anode1g) and a green second anode (Anode2g), a green light-emitting layer (EMLg), and a cathode. A blue light-emitting diode (LDb) may include a blue anode (Anodeb) including a blue first anode (Anode1b) and a blue second anode (Anode2b), a blue light-emitting layer (EMLb), and a cathode.

[0317] In the embodiment of FIG. 30, the red second anode (Anode2r) has the narrowest width, the blue second anode (Anode2b) has a medium width, and the green second anode (Anode2g) has the largest width. Meanwhile, in terms of thickness, the red second anode (Anode2r) is formed to be the thickest, the green second anode (Anode2g) has a medium thickness, and the blue second anode (Anode2b) is formed to be the smallest thickness. However, depending on the embodiment, the height and width may be modified in various ways.

[0318] Referring to the embodiment of FIG. 30, the anode (Anoder, Anodeg, Anodeb), the light-emitting layer (EMLr, EMLg, EMLb), and the cathode (Cathode) each constitute one light-emitting diode (LDr, LDg, LDb), so that each of the light-emitting diodes (LDr, LDg, LDb) can emit light of three different colors, and at least one of the three different second anodes (Anode2r, Anode2g, Anode2b) included in the light-emitting diodes (LDr, LDg, LDb) can have different thicknesses or widths.

[0319] The embodiment of Fig. 30 can also be modified, and can be formed into a modified structure such as, for example, Figs. 25 to 28.

[0320] Below, more diverse deformation structures are examined through Figures 31 to 34.

[0321] FIGS. 31 to 34 are plan views of portions of light-emitting display devices according to various embodiments.

[0322] First, FIG. 31 illustrates an embodiment in which a plurality of second light-emitting diodes (LD2) are formed within one light-emitting diode.

[0323] In the embodiment of Fig. 31, a plurality of circular second light emitting diodes (LD2) are separately arranged within a first light emitting diode (LD1) formed in a circular shape on a plane. One second light emitting diode (LD2) is arranged at the center of the first light emitting diode (LD1), and eight second light emitting diodes (LD2) are arranged around it along an imaginary circle. Since the plurality of second light emitting diodes (LD2) are separately arranged, the respective second anodes constituting the second light emitting diodes (LD2) may also be separately positioned. Depending on the embodiment, the number and arrangement of the second light emitting diodes (LD2) may vary and be changed. Referring to Fig. 31, one of the plurality of second anodes (also referred to as a second central anode) may be positioned to overlap the center of the first anode, and a plurality of second anodes (also referred to as second peripheral anodes) may be positioned around it along an arc.

[0324] In the above, the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) have been described primarily as having a circular planar shape. However, since various planar shapes may be adopted depending on the embodiment, some of the embodiments including the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) having various planar shapes will be described with reference to FIGS. 32 to 34.

[0325] First, FIG. 32 illustrates an embodiment in which the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) have an oval shape.

[0326] In Fig. 32, a structure is illustrated in which an elliptical second light-emitting diode (LD2) is arranged within an elliptical first light-emitting diode (LD1), and the elliptical long axis direction of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the elliptical long axis direction of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) can coincide. Therefore, the elliptical long axis direction of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and the elliptical long axis direction of the second anode constituting the second light-emitting diode (LD2) can also coincide with each other.

[0327] Meanwhile, FIG. 32(A), FIG. 32(B), and FIG. 32(C) each illustrate structures in which the long-axis directions are arranged differently, and the long-axis directions may be arranged at various angles in addition to the three directions illustrated in FIG. 32. In addition, depending on the embodiment, light-emitting diodes (LDs) having multiple long-axis directions may be arranged in one display area to prevent display quality from changing depending on the arrangement of the long-axis directions.

[0328] In Fig. 32, only the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film is illustrated, and the opening of the light-shielding member (see OPBM in Fig. 33) is not illustrated. Since the opening of the light-shielding member can also have various shapes, such as a circle, various embodiments including the opening of the light-shielding member can be examined as in Fig. 33.

[0329] In FIG. 33, as in FIG. 32(B), when the long axis direction of the elliptical shape of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the long axis direction of the elliptical shape of the second light-emitting diode (LD2) are aligned in the vertical direction, various planar shapes of the second opening (OPBM) of the corresponding light-shielding member are illustrated.

[0330] In Fig. 33(A), the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member is formed in a circular shape, and in Fig. 33(B), it has an elliptical shape and has a long axis direction that matches the long axis direction of the elliptical shape of the first light-emitting diode (LD1) and the long axis direction of the elliptical shape of the second light-emitting diode (LD2). Meanwhile, in Fig. 33(C), the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member is formed in a hexagonal shape. In addition to the planar shape of the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member illustrated in Fig. 33, it may have various planar shapes.

[0331] Referring to FIG. 33, the shape of the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member may have the same planar shape as the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and / or the planar shape of the second light-emitting diode (LD2), or may have different planar shapes. Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 37, a light-shielding area of ​​the color filter may be formed by overlapping color filters of two or more colors to replace the light-shielding member, and at this time, the second opening (refer to OPCF of FIG. 37) may be formed in the overlapping color filters. The second opening formed in the overlapping color filters may also have a planar shape that is the same as or different from the planar shape of the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film and / or the planar shape of the second light-emitting diode (LD2).

[0332] In addition, although FIG. 33 illustrates that the openings (OP) of the pixel defining film are entirely located within the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member, in some embodiments, a structure may be formed in which some of the openings (OP) of the pixel defining film are located outside the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member, thereby covering the openings (OP) of the pixel defining film with the light-blocking member.

[0333] Meanwhile, depending on the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 34, the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member, the opening (OP) of the pixel definition film, the first light-emitting diode (LD1), and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) may be formed in a polygonal shape other than a circle or an oval.

[0334] Referring to FIG. 34(A), the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member, the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film, the first light-emitting diode (LD1), and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) all have a rhombus shape, and referring to FIG. 34(B), the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member, the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film, the first light-emitting diode (LD1), and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) all have a chamfered square shape. In addition, referring to FIG. 34(C), the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member, the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film, the first light-emitting diode (LD1), and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) all have a hexagonal shape, and referring to FIG. 34(D), the second opening (OPBM) of the light-blocking member, the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film, the first light-emitting diode (LD1), and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) all have an octagonal shape.

[0335] In Fig. 34, the second opening (OPBM) of the corresponding light-blocking member, the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film, the first light-emitting diode (LD1), and the second light-emitting diode (LD2) all have the same planar shape, but may have different shapes depending on the embodiment. However, since the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film and the first light-emitting diode (LD1) have the same boundary, they may have the same planar shape.

[0336] FIGS. 32 to 34 illustrate a second opening (OPBM) of a light-blocking member of various planar shapes, an opening (OP) of a pixel defining film, a first light-emitting diode (LD1), and a second light-emitting diode (LD2), which may have a planar shape of one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon, and the second opening formed in the second anode and the overlapping color filter may also have a planar shape of one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon.

[0337] Below, the specific structure of the light-emitting display device will be examined through FIGS. 35 to 37, and first, the structural difference between the normal display area (DA1) and the first bending display area (DA2) will be examined through FIG. 35.

[0338] FIG. 35 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a normal display area and a bending display area of ​​a light-emitting display device according to the embodiments of FIGS. 6 to 8.

[0339] Referring to FIG. 35, there is no structural difference between the normal display area (DA1) and the first bending display area (DA2), and the directions of the light-emitting layers included in each of the normal display area (DA1) and the first bending display area (DA2) may be different. That is, both the normal display area (DA1) and the first bending display area (DA2) have a support (SPT) on the back surface and a cover window (WU) positioned on the front surface. A housing (HM) may be positioned at one end and the back surface of the support (SPT). However, the anode of the display panel (DP) included in the normal display area (DA1) has a first normal direction (FD), and the first normal direction (FD) has the same direction as the third direction (DR3). Here, the first normal direction (FD) corresponds to the front surface of the light-emitting display device (1000), and may be hereinafter also referred to as a front direction. In contrast, the anode of the display panel (DP) included in the first bending display area (DA2) has a direction different from the first normal direction (FD), and one of the light-emitting layers has a second normal direction (FD2) and can have an angular difference of a degree from the first normal direction (FD) corresponding to the front.

[0340] Since the user of the light-emitting display device (1000) views the image from the front, i.e., the first normal direction (FD), the image displayed in the first bending display area (DA2) is also viewed based on the first normal direction (FD), and the viewing angle of the light-emitting display device (1000) is also measured based on the first normal direction (FD). In Fig. 35, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees are shown as examples of viewing angles.

[0341] Meanwhile, in order to improve visibility in the first bending display area (DA2) with respect to the front, i.e., the first normal direction (FD), the position at which the second anode (Anode2) is arranged may be moved from the center to one side in embodiments such as those in FIG. 9. In this case, the direction in which the second anode (Anode2) is moved may be in the direction away from the normal display area (DA1) or in the opposite direction.

[0342] Below, the laminated structure of the display area (DA) and the first component area (EA1) will be examined in more detail through FIGS. 36 and 37.

[0343] Figures 36 and 37 are cross-sectional views of a light-emitting display device according to one embodiment.

[0344] FIG. 36 illustrates an embodiment including a light-blocking member (220), and FIG. 37 illustrates an embodiment in which a blue color filter (230B) and a red color filter (230R) are overlapped instead of the light-blocking member (220) to form a light-blocking area of ​​the color filter.

[0345] First, let us look specifically at the embodiment of Fig. 36.

[0346] A light-emitting display device can be broadly divided into a lower panel layer and an upper panel layer. The lower panel layer is a part where light-emitting diodes and pixel circuits constituting pixels are located, and may include an encapsulation layer (400) covering the same. Here, the pixel circuit includes a second organic film (182) and a third organic film (183), and refers to a configuration below the second organic film (182) and the third organic film (183), and the light-emitting diode may refer to a configuration located above the third organic film (183) and below the encapsulation layer (400). The structure located above the encapsulation layer (400) may correspond to the upper panel layer.

[0347] Referring to Figure 36, a metal layer (BML) is positioned on the substrate (110).

[0348] The substrate (110) may include a rigid material such as glass that does not bend, or a flexible material that can bend, such as plastic or polyimide. In the case of a flexible substrate, as illustrated in FIG. 36, the substrate may have a double-layered structure formed of polyimide and a barrier layer formed thereon using an inorganic insulating material.

[0349] A metal layer (BML) may be formed at a position that overlaps the channel of the driving transistor in the subsequent first semiconductor layer, and is also called a lower shielding layer. The metal layer (BML) may include a metal or a metal alloy such as copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), or titanium (Ti).

[0350] A buffer layer (111) covering the substrate (110) and the metal layer (BML) is positioned on top of the substrate. The buffer layer (111) serves to block the penetration of impurity elements into the first semiconductor layer (ACT (P-Si)), and may be an inorganic insulating film including silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiONx), or the like.

[0351] A first semiconductor layer (ACT(P-Si)) formed of a silicon semiconductor (e.g., a polycrystalline semiconductor (P-Si)) is positioned on the buffer layer (111). The first semiconductor layer (ACT(P-Si)) includes a channel of a polycrystalline transistor (LTPS TFT) including a driving transistor and first and second regions positioned on both sides thereof. Here, the polycrystalline transistor (LTPS TFT) may include not only a driving transistor but also various switching transistors or compensation transistors. In addition, on both sides of the channel of the first semiconductor layer (ACT(P-Si)), a region having conductive layer characteristics by plasma treatment or doping may be provided, thereby performing the role of a first electrode and a second electrode of the transistor.

[0352] A first gate insulating film (141) may be positioned on the first semiconductor layer (ACT(P-Si)). The first gate insulating film (141) may be an inorganic insulating film including silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiONx), or the like.

[0353] A first gate conductive layer including a gate electrode of a polycrystalline transistor (LTPS TFT) may be positioned on a first gate insulating film (141). In addition to the gate electrode (GAT1) of the polycrystalline transistor (LTPS TFT), a first scan line or a light emission control line may be formed on the first gate conductive layer. The first gate conductive layer may include a metal or a metal alloy such as copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), or titanium (Ti), and may be configured as a single layer or multiple layers.

[0354] After forming the first gate conductive layer, a plasma treatment or doping process can be performed to make the exposed area of ​​the first semiconductor layer conductive. That is, the first semiconductor layer (ACT(P-Si)) covered by the gate electrode (GAT1) of the polycrystalline transistor (LTPS TFT) is not conductive, and the portion of the first semiconductor layer (ACT(P-Si)) not covered by the first gate conductive layer can have the same characteristics as the conductive layer.

[0355] A second gate insulating film (142) may be positioned on the first gate conductive layer and the first gate insulating film (141). The second gate insulating film (142) may be an inorganic insulating film including silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiONx), or the like.

[0356] A second gate conductive layer including one electrode (GAT2 (Cst)) of a holding capacitor (Cst) and a lower shielding layer (GAT2 (BML)) of an oxide transistor (Oxide TFT) may be positioned on the second gate insulating film (142). The lower shielding layer (GAT2 (BML)) of the oxide transistor (Oxide TFT) may be positioned below the channel of the oxide transistor (Oxide TFT) to shield against light or electromagnetic interference provided to the channel from the lower side. Meanwhile, one electrode (GAT2 (Cst)) of the holding capacitor (Cst) overlaps with the gate electrode (GAT1) of the driving transistor to form the holding capacitor (Cst). Depending on the embodiment, the second gate conductive layer may further include a scan line, a control line, or a voltage line. The second gate conductive layer may include a metal or a metal alloy such as copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), or titanium (Ti), and may be configured as a single layer or multiple layers.

[0357] A first interlayer insulating film (161) may be positioned on the second gate conductive layer. The first interlayer insulating film (161) may include an inorganic insulating film including silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiONx), etc., and depending on the embodiment, the inorganic insulating material may be formed thickly.

[0358] An oxide semiconductor layer (ACT2 (IGZO)) including a channel, a first region, and a second region of an oxide transistor (Oxide TFT) may be positioned on the first interlayer insulating film (161).

[0359] A third gate insulating film (143) may be positioned on the oxide semiconductor layer (ACT2 (IGZO)). The third gate insulating film (143) may be positioned on the entire surface of the oxide semiconductor layer (ACT2 (IGZO)) and the first interlayer insulating film (161). The third gate insulating film (143) may include an inorganic insulating film including silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiONx), or the like.

[0360] A third gate conductive layer (GAT3) including a gate electrode of an oxide transistor (Oxide TFT) may be positioned on the third gate insulating film (143). The gate electrode of the oxide transistor (Oxide TFT) may overlap with a channel. The third gate conductive layer (GAT3) may further include a scan line or a control line, and may additionally include a connecting member connected to a lower shielding layer (GAT2 (BML)) of the oxide transistor (Oxide TFT). The third gate conductive layer (GAT3) may include a metal or a metal alloy such as copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), or titanium (Ti), and may be configured as a single layer or multiple layers.

[0361] A second interlayer insulating film (162) may be positioned on the third gate conductive layer (GAT3). The second interlayer insulating film (162) may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure. The second interlayer insulating film (162) may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), or silicon nitride oxide (SiOxNy), and may include an organic material depending on the embodiment.

[0362] A first data conductive layer (SD1) including a connection member that can be connected to the first and second regions of each of a polycrystalline transistor (LTPS TFT) and an oxide transistor (Oxide TFT) may be positioned on the second interlayer insulating film (162). The first data conductive layer (SD1) may include a metal or a metal alloy such as aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), etc., and may be configured as a single layer or multiple layers.

[0363] A first organic film (181) may be positioned on the first data conductive layer (SD1). The first organic film (181) may be an organic insulating film containing an organic material, and the organic material may include one or more materials selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyamide, acrylic resin, benzocyclobutene, and phenol resin.

[0364] A second data conductive layer including an anode connection member (ACM2) may be positioned on the first organic film (181). The second data conductive layer may include a data line or a driving voltage line. The second data conductive layer (SD2) may include a metal or a metal alloy such as aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), or titanium (Ti), and may be configured as a single layer or multiple layers.

[0365] A second organic film (182) and a third organic film (183) are positioned on the second data conductive layer, and an anode connection opening (OP4) is formed in the second organic film (182) and the third organic film (183). The anode connection member (ACM2) is electrically connected to the anode through the anode connection opening (OP4). The second organic film (182) and the third organic film (183) may be organic insulating films and may include one or more materials selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyamide, acrylic resin, benzocyclobutene, and phenol resin. Depending on the embodiment, the third organic film (183) may be omitted.

[0366] The anode (Anode) includes a first anode (Anode1) and a second anode (Anode2) formed on the first anode (Anode1) and overlapping a portion of the first anode (Anode1). The position of the second anode (Anode2) may vary and be changed. The first anode (Anode1) may be composed of a single layer including a transparent conductive oxide film and a metal material or a multilayer including the same, and the second anode (Anode2) may be formed of a transparent conductive material. Here, the transparent conductive oxide film may include ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), poly-ITO, IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide), and ITZO (Indium Tin Zinc Oxide), and the metal material may include silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), gold (Au), and aluminum (Al).

[0367] A pixel defining film (380) may be positioned on the anode, which has an opening (OP) exposing the anode and covers at least a portion of the anode. The pixel defining film (380) may be a black pixel defining film formed of a black organic material to prevent externally applied light from being reflected back to the outside, and may be formed of a transparent organic material in some embodiments. Therefore, in some embodiments, the pixel defining film (380) may include a negative-type black organic material and may include a black pigment.

[0368] A spacer (385) is positioned on the pixel defining film (380). The spacer (385) may include a first portion (385-1) that is tall and positioned in a narrow area, and a second portion (385-2) that is short and positioned in a wide area. Unlike the pixel defining film (380), the spacer (385) may be formed of a transparent organic insulating material. According to an embodiment, the spacer (385) may be formed of a positive type transparent organic material.

[0369] A functional layer (FL) and a cathode are sequentially formed on an anode, a spacer (385), and a pixel defining film (380), and the functional layer (FL) and the cathode can be positioned in the entire area in the display area (DA) and the first component area (EA1). An emission layer (EML) is positioned between the functional layers (FL), and the emission layer (EML) can be positioned only within the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380). Hereinafter, the functional layer (FL) and the emission layer (EML) may be collectively referred to as an intermediate layer. The functional layer (FL) may include at least one layer among auxiliary layers such as an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, and a hole injection layer, and the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer may be positioned below the emission layer (EML), and the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer may be positioned above the emission layer (EML).

[0370] The cathode may have a step due to the second anode (Anode2) among the anodes.

[0371] An encapsulation layer (400) is positioned on top of the cathode. The encapsulation layer (400) includes at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and may have a triple-layer structure including a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer, depending on the embodiment. The encapsulation layer (400) may be for protecting the light-emitting layer (EML) from moisture or oxygen that may enter from the outside. Depending on the embodiment, the encapsulation layer (400) may include a structure in which an inorganic layer and an organic layer are sequentially stacked.

[0372] On the encapsulating layer (400), a sensing insulating layer (501, 510, 511) and a plurality of sensing electrodes (540, 541) are positioned for touch detection. In the embodiment of Fig. 36, touch can be detected in a capacitive type using two sensing electrodes (540, 541).

[0373] Specifically, a first sensing insulating layer (501) is formed on the sealing layer (400), and a plurality of sensing electrodes (540, 541) are formed on the first sensing insulating layer (501). The plurality of sensing electrodes (540, 541) may be insulated with a second sensing insulating layer (510) therebetween, and some of them may be electrically connected through openings located in the second sensing insulating layer (510). Here, the sensing electrodes (540, 541) may include a metal or a metal alloy such as aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), and may be configured as a single layer or multiple layers. A third sensing insulating layer (511) is formed on the sensing electrodes (540).

[0374] A light-blocking member (220) and a color filter (230) are positioned on top of the third sensing insulating layer (511).

[0375] The light-shielding member (220) may be positioned to overlap the sensing electrodes (540, 541) in a plane. The light-shielding member (220) has a second opening (OPBM), and the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member (220) overlaps the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film (380) in a plane. In addition, the second opening (OPBM) of the light-shielding member (220) may be formed wider than the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film (380). As a result, the anode (Anode) that overlaps the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film (380) (i.e., is exposed by the opening (OP) of the pixel-defining film (380)) may have a structure in which it is not covered in a plane by the light-shielding member (220). This is to prevent the anode and the light-emitting layer (EML) capable of displaying an image from being covered by the light-blocking member (220) and the sensing electrodes (540, 541). In addition, the light-blocking member (220) has a structure that overlaps in a plane with the opening (OP4) for anode connection, but does not overlap in a plane with the opening (OP3) of the first organic film (181).

[0376] A color filter (230) is positioned on the sensing insulating layer (501, 510, 511) and the light-blocking member (220). Depending on the embodiment, the color filter (230) may be replaced with a color conversion layer or may further include a color conversion layer. The color conversion layer may include quantum dots.

[0377] A planarization layer (550) covering the color filter (230) may be positioned on the color filter (230), and in some embodiments, a low-refractive layer and an additional planarization layer may be further positioned on the planarization layer (550) to improve the front visibility and light output efficiency of the display device. Light may be refracted and emitted toward the front by the low-refractive layer and the additional planarization layer having high refractive index characteristics. In this case, in some embodiments, the planarization layer (550) may be omitted, and the low-refractive layer and the additional planarization layer may be positioned directly on the color filter (230).

[0378] In the present embodiment, a polarizing plate is not included on the upper portion of the flattening layer (550). That is, the polarizing plate can play a role in preventing the display quality from being degraded when external light is incident and reflected from the anode or the like, thereby being recognized by the user. However, in the present embodiment, a structure is already included in which the side surface of the anode is covered with a pixel defining film (380) to reduce the degree of reflection from the anode, and a light blocking member (220) is also formed to reduce the degree of incident light and prevent the deterioration of display quality due to reflection. Therefore, there is no need to separately form a polarizing plate on the front surface of the display panel (DP).

[0379] Meanwhile, in Fig. 36, in addition to the laminated structure of the display area (DA), a cross-sectional structure of the first component area (EA1) formed so that light can be transmitted through a portion of the display area (DA) is also illustrated.

[0380] In Fig. 36, the first component area (EA1) is divided into a first photosensor area (OPS1; also referred to as a transmissive photosensor area) and a second photosensor area (OPS2; also referred to as a non-transmissive photosensor area). Here, the first photosensor area (OPS1) is an area formed so that light can pass through by having additional openings (OP-1, OPBM-1) positioned so as not to overlap with the pixel defining film (380) and the light blocking member (220) in a plane. In contrast, the second photosensor area (OPS2) is an area formed so as to overlap with the pixel defining film (380) and the light blocking member (220) in a plane so that light cannot pass through. Both the first photosensor area (OPS1) and the second photosensor area (OPS2) of the first component area (EA1) may not include a layer that blocks light, such as a metal layer or a semiconductor layer. For reference, a first optical element (ES1; see FIG. 2) is positioned on the back surface of the first component area (EA1), and the front surface of the light-emitting display device can be detected through the first light sensor area (OPS1) positioned in the first component area (EA1).

[0381] Specifically, the layered structure of the first component area (EA1) is as follows.

[0382] On top of the substrate (110), a buffer layer (111), which is an inorganic insulating film, is positioned, and on top of that, a first gate insulating film (141) and a second gate insulating film (142), which are inorganic insulating films, are sequentially positioned. In addition, on top of the second gate insulating film (142), a first interlayer insulating film (161), a third gate insulating film (143), and a second interlayer insulating film (162), which are inorganic insulating films, are sequentially stacked.

[0383] On top of the second interlayer insulating film (162), organic insulating films, namely, a first organic film (181), a second organic film (182), and a third organic film (183), are sequentially laminated.

[0384] A functional layer (FL) may be positioned on the third organic film (183), and a cathode may be positioned on it.

[0385] An encapsulating layer (400) is positioned on the cathode, and sensing insulating layers (501, 510, 511) are sequentially positioned on top of the encapsulating layer. The encapsulating layer (400) may have a triple-layer structure sequentially including an inorganic encapsulating layer, an organic encapsulating layer, and an inorganic encapsulating layer. In addition, the sensing insulating layers (501, 510, 511) may all be inorganic insulating films.

[0386] A planarization layer (550) may be positioned on top of the sensing insulating layer (501, 510, 511).

[0387] In the first component area (EA1) as described above, a metal layer, a first semiconductor layer, a first gate conductive layer, a second gate conductive layer, an oxide semiconductor layer, a third gate conductive layer, a first data conductive layer, a second data conductive layer, and an anode are not positioned. In addition, a light-emitting layer (EML) and a sensing electrode (540, 541) are not formed.

[0388] Additionally, in the first light sensor area (OPS1) of the first component area (EA1), additional openings (OP-1, OPBM-1) may be formed in the pixel defining film (380) and the light blocking member (220), respectively, so that the pixel defining film (380) and the light blocking member (220) may not be formed. As a result, light may be transmitted through the first light sensor area (OPS1). In contrast, the second light sensor area (OPS2) of the first component area (EA1) may have a structure in which the additional openings (OP-1, OPBM-1) are not positioned, so that the second light sensor area (OPS2) overlaps with the pixel defining film (380) and the light blocking member (220), thereby preventing light from being transmitted.

[0389] In the above, an embodiment was described in which a total of three organic films were formed, and an opening for anode connection was formed in the second organic film and the third organic film. However, the organic films may be formed in at least two, and in this case, the opening for anode connection may be located in the upper organic film located far from the substrate, and the lower organic film opening may be located in the lower organic film.

[0390] Meanwhile, below, through Fig. 37, an embodiment in which two or more colors are formed by overlapping color filters instead of a light-blocking member (220) is examined, and specifically, in Fig. 37, an embodiment in which a light-blocking area of ​​a color filter is formed by overlapping a blue color filter (230B) and a red color filter (230R) is examined.

[0391] In Fig. 37, the structure of the third sensing insulating layer (511) and the structure below it are the same as the structure of Fig. 36, so only the upper structure of the third sensing insulating layer (511), which is different from Fig. 36, will be examined in detail as follows.

[0392] Color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) are positioned on the third sensing insulating layer (511). In the embodiment of FIG. 37, a light-blocking member is not included, and the role of the light-blocking member is performed by overlapping color filters (230R, 230B), and the overlapping color filters (230R, 230B) can be positioned to overlap the sensing electrodes (540, 541) in a plane. The overlapping color filters (230R, 230B) have a second opening (OPCF), and the opening (OPCF) of the overlapping color filters (230R, 230B) overlaps the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380) in a plane. In addition, the opening (OPCF) of the overlapping color filters (230R, 230B) can be formed wider than the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380). As a result, the anode (Anode) that overlaps with the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380) (i.e., exposed by the opening (OP) of the pixel defining film (380)) can have a structure that is not covered in a plane by the overlapping color filters (230R, 230B). This is to prevent the anode (Anode) and the light-emitting layer (EML) that can display an image from being covered by the overlapping color filters (230R, 230B) and the sensing electrodes (540, 541). In addition, the overlapping color filters (230R, 230B) have a structure that overlaps in a plane with the opening (OP4) for anode connection.

[0393] One color filter can be positioned within the opening (OPCF) of the overlapping color filters (230R, 230B), and in FIG. 37, a green color filter (230G) is positioned. Depending on the embodiment, the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) may be replaced with a color conversion layer or may further include a color conversion layer. The color conversion layer may include a quantum dot.

[0394] A planarization layer (550) covering the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B) is positioned on the color filters (230R, 230G, 230B), and a low-refractive layer and an additional planarization layer may be further positioned on the planarization layer (550) to improve the front visibility and light output efficiency of the display device. In some embodiments, the planarization layer (550) may be omitted, and the low-refractive layer and the additional planarization layer may be positioned directly on the color filters.

[0395] In the embodiment of Fig. 37, a polarizing plate is not included on the upper portion of the planarization layer (550). That is, the polarizing plate can play a role in preventing the display quality from being degraded when external light is incident and reflected from the anode or the like, thereby being recognized by the user. However, in the present embodiment, a structure is already included in which the side of the anode is covered with a pixel defining film (380) to reduce the degree of reflection from the anode, and overlapping color filters (230R, 230B) are also formed to reduce the degree of incident light and prevent the deterioration of display quality due to reflection. Therefore, there is no need to separately form a polarizing plate on the front surface of the display panel (DP).

[0396] Meanwhile, the cross-sectional structure of the first component area (EA1) according to the embodiment of FIG. 37 may be as follows.

[0397] The first component area (EA1) is divided into a first photosensor area (OPS1) and a second photosensor area (OPS2). Here, the first photosensor area (OPS1) is an area formed so that light can pass through it, with additional openings (OP-1, OPCF-1) positioned so that it does not overlap on a plane with a light-shielding area of ​​a color filter formed by overlapping a pixel defining film (380) and at least two color filters. In contrast, the second photosensor area (OPS2) is an area formed so that it does not pass through it, with a light-shielding area of ​​a color filter formed by overlapping a pixel defining film (380) and at least two color filters. Both the first photosensor area (OPS1) and the second photosensor area (OPS2) of the first component area (EA1) may not include a layer that blocks light, such as a metal layer or a semiconductor layer. For reference, a first optical element (ES1; see FIG. 2) is positioned on the back surface of the first component area (EA1), and the front surface of the light-emitting display device can be detected through the first light sensor area (OPS1) positioned in the first component area (EA1).

[0398] Specifically, the layered structure of the first component area (EA1) is as follows.

[0399] On top of the substrate (110), a buffer layer (111), which is an inorganic insulating film, is positioned, and on top of that, a first gate insulating film (141) and a second gate insulating film (142), which are inorganic insulating films, are sequentially positioned. In addition, on top of the second gate insulating film (142), a first interlayer insulating film (161), a third gate insulating film (143), and a second interlayer insulating film (162), which are inorganic insulating films, are sequentially stacked.

[0400] On top of the second interlayer insulating film (162), organic insulating films, namely, a first organic film (181), a second organic film (182), and a third organic film (183), are sequentially laminated.

[0401] A functional layer (FL) may be positioned on the third organic film (183), and a cathode may be positioned on it.

[0402] An encapsulating layer (400) is positioned on the cathode, and sensing insulating layers (501, 510, 511) are sequentially positioned on top of the encapsulating layer. The encapsulating layer (400) may have a triple-layer structure sequentially including an inorganic encapsulating layer, an organic encapsulating layer, and an inorganic encapsulating layer. In addition, the sensing insulating layers (501, 510, 511) may all be inorganic insulating films.

[0403] A planarization layer (550) may be positioned on top of the sensing insulating layer (501, 510, 511).

[0404] In the first component area (EA1) as described above, a metal layer, a first semiconductor layer, a first gate conductive layer, a second gate conductive layer, an oxide semiconductor layer, a third gate conductive layer, a first data conductive layer, a second data conductive layer, and an anode are not positioned. In addition, a light-emitting layer (EML) and a sensing electrode (540, 541) are not formed.

[0405] Additionally, in the first light sensor region (OPS1) of the first component region (EA1), additional openings (OP-1, OPCF-1) may be formed in the pixel defining film (380) and the light-shielding region of the color filter, respectively, so that the pixel defining film (380) and the color filter may not be formed. As a result, light may be transmitted through the first light sensor region (OPS1). In contrast, the second light sensor region (OPS2) of the first component region (EA1) may have a structure in which the additional openings (OP-1, OPCF-1) are not positioned, so that the second light sensor region (OPS2) overlaps with the pixel defining film (380) and the light-shielding region of the color filter, thereby preventing light from being transmitted.

[0406] In the above, an embodiment was described in which a total of three organic films were formed, and an opening for anode connection was formed in the second organic film and the third organic film. However, the organic films may be formed in at least two, and in this case, the opening for anode connection may be located in the upper organic film located far from the substrate, and the lower organic film opening may be located in the lower organic film.

[0407] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0408] The present invention relates to a light-emitting display device and an electronic device.

Claims

1. Flexible substrate; An anode positioned on the substrate; A pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; a light-emitting layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and It includes a cathode positioned on the above light-emitting layer and the pixel defining film, The above anode is a first anode which is a reflective electrode; and A second anode positioned above the first anode and comprising a transparent electrode, In the area overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film, the planar area of ​​the second anode is smaller than the planar area of ​​the first anode, A light-emitting display device in which the second anode has a planar structure symmetrical with respect to the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

2. In paragraph 1, A light emitting display device in which the second anode is in direct contact with a portion of the first anode.

3. In paragraph 2, A light-emitting display device in which the second anode overlaps the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

4. In paragraph 3, A light emitting display device wherein the center of the second anode coincides with the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

5. In paragraph 1, The first anode comprises a metal material, A light-emitting display device wherein the second anode comprises a metal oxide.

6. In paragraph 5, A light-emitting display device wherein the thickness of the second anode is 50 Å or more and 500 Å or less.

7. In paragraph 1, A light emitting display device in which the cathode has a step in an area overlapping the first opening.

8. In paragraph 1, A light-emitting display device in which the second anode overlaps only with the first opening and does not overlap with the pixel defining film.

9. In paragraph 1, A light-emitting display device in which at least a portion of the second anode is covered by a portion of the pixel defining film.

10. In paragraph 1, a sealing layer positioned on the cathode; and Further comprising a light-blocking member or a plurality of color filters positioned on the sealing layer and including a second opening that overlaps the first opening in a plane, A light-emitting display device in which the plane shapes of the second opening and the first opening are the same.

11. In paragraph 1, a sealing layer positioned on the cathode; and Further comprising a light-blocking member or a plurality of color filters positioned on the sealing layer and including a second opening that overlaps the first opening in a plane, A light-emitting display device in which the shapes of the second opening and the first opening are different from each other.

12. In paragraph 1, The above first opening is a light-emitting display device having a flat shape of one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon.

13. In paragraph 12, The first opening and the second anode are each formed in an oval shape, A light-emitting display device in which the long axis direction of the ellipse of the first opening and the long axis direction of the ellipse of the second anode are identical to each other.

14. In paragraph 1, A light emitting display device comprising a plurality of second anodes, wherein the second anode is separated from each other.

15. In paragraph 14, A light emitting display device in which the plurality of second anodes, which are separated from each other, have the same thickness in an area overlapping the first opening.

16. In paragraph 14, A light emitting display device in which one of the plurality of second anodes is disposed at the center of the first opening, and the rest of the plurality of second anodes are disposed along an imaginary circle located around the one.

17. In paragraph 1, The anode, the light-emitting layer, and the cathode constitute one light-emitting diode, The above light-emitting diode includes a first light-emitting diode and a second light-emitting diode that emit light of different colors, A light-emitting display device in which the second anode included in the first light-emitting diode has a different thickness or width from the second anode included in the second light-emitting diode.

18. In paragraph 17, A light-emitting display device having an area ratio of the second anode to the area of ​​the first anode included in each of the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode of 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less.

19. Substrate; An anode positioned on the substrate and including a first anode and a second anode; A pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; a light-emitting layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and It includes a cathode positioned on the above light-emitting layer and the pixel defining film, The first anode is a reflective electrode, and the second anode is a transparent electrode, The second anode is arranged on the first anode and in direct contact with the first anode, A portion of the second anode overlaps the pixel defining film, A light emitting display device, wherein, in an area overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film, a portion of the first anode is not covered by the second anode.

20. In paragraph 19, A light-emitting display device in which the second anode does not overlap the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

21. In paragraph 20, A light emitting display device in which the cathode has a step in an area overlapping the first opening.

22. In paragraph 19, A light emitting display device comprising two or more second anodes that are separated from each other.

23. In paragraph 19, A light-emitting display device wherein the second anode has a thickness of 50 Å or more and 500 Å or less.

24. In paragraph 19, A light-emitting display device in which the second anode has a planar structure symmetrical with respect to the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

25. Includes a light-emitting display device, The above light-emitting display device flexible substrate; An anode positioned on the substrate; A pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; a light-emitting layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and It includes a cathode positioned on the above light-emitting layer and the pixel defining film, The above anode is a first anode which is a reflective electrode; and A second anode positioned above the first anode and comprising a transparent electrode, In the area overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film, the planar area of ​​the second anode is smaller than the planar area of ​​the first anode, An electronic device in which the second anode has a planar structure symmetrical with respect to the center of the first opening of the pixel defining film.

26. Includes a light-emitting display device, The above light-emitting display device substrate; An anode positioned on the substrate and including a first anode and a second anode; A pixel defining film having a first opening overlapping the anode; a light-emitting layer positioned within the first opening of the pixel defining film; and It includes a cathode positioned on the above light-emitting layer and the pixel defining film, The first anode is a reflective electrode, and the second anode is a transparent electrode, The second anode is arranged on the first anode and in direct contact with the first anode, A portion of the second anode overlaps the pixel defining film, An electronic device wherein, in an area overlapping the first opening of the pixel defining film, a portion of the first anode is not covered by the second anode.

Images