Blockchain-based electronic transaction system using physical precious metal reserves to issue all certificates

Abstract

The present invention relates to the fields of blockchain and financial technology, and relates to a blockchain-based electronic transaction system using physical precious metal reserves to issue all certificates. The present invention provides a technical improvement to conventional blockchain-based electronic transaction systems by introducing physical precious metal reserves as a new component and issuing all electronic transaction certificates. Each certificate in a unit of measure has a one-to-one mapping to each mass component of physical precious metal reserve, so that the system achieves qualitative persistence, identity, and replicability across time and space in terms of constituent elements, issuance mechanisms, functional structures and interaction relations thereof, and the production and manufacturing cost of the system can be meaningfully analyzed. The present invention enables pricing, trading, and accounting of goods and services based on the mass of precious metals, and enables direct exchange of goods and services with physical precious metals, meeting innovative operational requirements of multinational corporations in global business.

Description

Blockchain electronic transaction system for issuing all certificates with precious metal reserves TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of blockchain, financial technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] The "noble metals" described herein refer to a class of high economic value metals with unique luster, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and other characteristics. The chemical activity under conventional natural conditions is low, and it is not easy to react with other elements. In the natural state, it is more likely to exist in the form of an element. Noble metals include gold, silver, platinum group metals (platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium and iridium), which are naturally rare on earth and dispersed in various ores. It is difficult to mine and expensive. In tens of thousands of years of human civilization, different civilizations have long recognized the inherent value of their preciousness and have been recognized as general equivalents. In terms of physical and chemical overall properties, noble metals can be accurately weighed and divided. They are naturally rare, dense, long-term stable, not easily deteriorated or lost, and have measurable, divisible, naturally rare, solid durability and compact portability. They have excellent equivalence and homogeneity across time and space: a 1-kilogram gold block of a certain purity used by humans 10,000 years ago and still in existence today is completely equivalent and homogeneous with a 1-kilogram gold brick of the same purity produced today. A 1-kilogram gold brick with a purity of 99.999% stored in France and a 1-kilogram gold brick with a purity of 99.999% stored in China are completely equivalent and homogeneous. From the upper half of a 1-kilogram gold brick with a purity of 99.999%, 50 grams of gold are completely equivalent and homogeneous with 50 grams of gold taken from the lower half of the same 1-kilogram gold brick.The scarcity of precious metals is caused by its related formation principle and natural process in the earth: in the origin of the universe and the evolution of stars, precious metals are usually formed by extreme cosmic events such as supernova explosions, which are relatively rare in the universe, and the heavy elements produced by these events are also unevenly distributed in the universe, so the initial amount of precious metals is relatively small; in the formation and evolution of the earth, when the earth was formed in the solar system, it accreted the surrounding dust, gas and planetary debris and other substances, although these substances contained some precious metal elements, but due to the high density of precious metals, they tend to sink into the earth's core or mantle in the early stage of earth formation, rather than remaining in the crust, so the content of precious metals in the crust is relatively low; in the geological process, the precious metals in the crust usually need to be brought to the surface near the surface through specific geological processes (such as volcanic activity, magma intrusion and crustal movement, etc.), which require specific geological conditions and sufficient time to occur, so the opportunity of precious metal enrichment and mineralization is relatively small; in the enrichment and mineralization, in the crust, precious metals usually exist in very low concentration, and specific geological conditions (such as hydrothermal activity, sedimentation, etc.) are needed to form economically valuable deposits, which are not universal on the earth, so the number of precious metal deposits is also relatively small; in the mining and refining, even if the precious metal deposit is found, the mining and refining of these metals is a complex and costly process, precious metals have extremely high chemical stability and oxidation resistance, which allows them to be preserved in nature for a long time without being oxidized or corroded, this stability also means that they are not easy to combine with other elements to form compounds, increasing the difficulty of mining and refining. In summary, various natural factors work together to make precious metals a rare and valuable resource.

[0003] The "blockchain" technology described herein refers to a block chain storage, tamper-proof, secure and trusted decentralized distributed ledger database technology as a whole, including distributed ledger storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanism, cryptography and other specific local technical links. In the local technical links, each data block of the transaction data record ledger is linked to the previous block, forming a continuous chain of tamper-proof records through cryptographic methods, maintained by multiple nodes in the network, recording transactions and information through a growing data block chain, ensuring data security and transparency, protecting the integrity of transaction history, and providing openness, security and anonymity to users. In addition, the smart contract technology makes the blockchain programmable, supporting more widely customizable automated applications.

[0004] The traditional blockchain electronic transaction system is mostly an open source technical platform, and the concept and design are also open. Any individual, team or company can refer to it to build or modify such a traditional blockchain electronic transaction system. Due to the blockchain technology, the traditional system has the following characteristics: 1. Decentralization: distributed ledger is adopted, all transactions are broadcasted immediately across the network, there is no need for a centralized authority or third-party intermediary to verify and record transactions, each node has a complete copy of the ledger and can communicate with each other to maintain the consistency and security of the ledger. This decentralized feature eliminates the risk of single point failure, improves the reliability and stability of the system; 2. High security: cryptography algorithms and consensus mechanisms are used to ensure the security and tamper resistance of transactions. Each transaction is strictly encrypted and digitally signed to ensure its authenticity and integrity. At the same time, consensus mechanisms such as Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake (PoS) ensure that nodes in the network agree on adding new blocks, preventing security problems such as double spending attacks; 3. Transparency and traceability: all transaction records on the blockchain are publicly visible, increasing transaction transparency. Any authorized participant can review transaction history and verify transactions. This transparency helps to build trust, reduce fraud risk, and facilitate cross-border and joint supervision and auditing; 4. High efficiency and low cost: By removing the centralized intermediary, transactions can be processed immediately, and transaction parties can conduct peer-to-peer transactions without waiting for third-party confirmation and settlement, improving transaction efficiency and reducing transaction costs; 5. Support for smart contracts: support for automatic execution of smart contracts, support for autonomous economic activities between transaction subjects. Smart contracts, as programs running on the blockchain, automatically control the execution of legal events, contract terms, transactions, actions, and documentation when certain conditions are met, improving the automation and efficiency of transactions, reducing the likelihood of human intervention and errors, and reducing the risk of default; 6. Openness and programmability: the open technology platform allows developers to build various applications, and new business logic and transaction types can be continuously created and implemented; 7. Electronic transaction certificate issuance mechanism: traditional electronic transaction certificates are either obtained as rewards by solving complex mathematical problems through computer calculations (so-called "mining") or are arbitrarily issued in the blockchain electronic transaction system. The total number of electronic transaction certificates in various traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems is different, with some being tens of millions, some being hundreds of millions, and some having no upper limit (infinite). In summary, for any traditional blockchain electronic transaction system, the overall technical function and effect of the above blockchain technology in terms of concept and design are consistent. Different electronic transaction systems only have technical differences in specific technical aspects, resulting in differences in local technical performance.

[0005] In real practice, some multinational companies apply traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems and their electronic transaction certificates for global business operation, but the current traditional blockchain electronic transaction system has many deficiencies in technical functions and cannot meet the innovative operation requirements of multinational companies in many technical capabilities. The following will be introduced one by one.

[0006] Using traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems, each transaction subject (user) cannot price, trade and account for their goods or services in terms of precious metal quality, and cannot realize the direct exchange of precious metal physical and goods and services. At the same time, the inefficient physical transportation delivery of precious metal physical in such direct exchange does not match the efficient transaction of global goods and services, and faces many difficult practical operation difficulties, and the physical existence and exclusive ownership of precious metal physical cannot be confirmed immediately. In years of global trade practice, the conversion between traditional electronic transaction certificates used in the operation of multinational companies and currencies in various countries always encounters various losses such as large fluctuations in conversion rate (such as exchange rate fluctuations) and high conversion transaction cost (such as exchange commission), and the multinational business operation also encounters the difficulty of inaccurate and unstable numerical pricing, trading and accounting. In this background, multinational companies try to innovate global business operation methods, hoping to accept only precious metal physical as the transaction counterparty of goods or services, hoping that transaction subjects can realize the direct exchange of precious metal physical and goods and services, intending to accurately and stably price, trade and account for a long time according to the quality of precious metals, avoid exchange losses, remove exchange costs, and achieve stable operation (the numerical value of pricing, trading and accounting in global business remains unified and stable), but no traditional blockchain electronic transaction system meets such technical requirements. On the other hand, in current global trade practice, such innovative global business operation method hoping to use precious metal physical as transaction counterparty is difficult to operate in practice. If precious metals and products and services are directly exchanged, the digital pricing of precious metal fine weighing and division is difficult to achieve at any time and anywhere, because it requires professional equipment for precise weighing and division of metals, which often requires non-daily work conditions such as static and dust removal, and users who initiate transactions at any time and anywhere do not carry or everyone own in daily life, and the complex global business chain contains a large number of small and high-frequency transactions. In theory, the direct exchange of precious metals and goods and services must physically transport the precious metal physical to confirm the ownership of the precious metal physical, but in reality, the slow customs clearance speed and difficult transportation delivery of cross-border precious metal physical of multinational companies make it difficult to keep up with the transaction rhythm of small and high-frequency transactions of precious metal physical, and the transportation risk is high and the efficiency is low. The large and small and fragmented amount of precious metal physical involved in complex business transactions is difficult to physically transport and deliver in large quantities, quickly, immediately, conveniently and safely.

[0007] The electronic transaction certificate of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system has only a generation mechanism but no elimination mechanism. Users cannot directly exit and are forced to indirectly exit, often at a loss. The last users in the system eventually cannot actually exit at all. User entry and exit do not have a secure and stable mechanism guarantee. For the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system, electronic transaction certificates are either obtained by users through computer operation to solve complex mathematical problems to verify transaction generation of new blocks as rewards (so-called “mining”), or are arbitrarily issued in the blockchain electronic transaction system. When users of cross-border companies’ global business products and services or supply chain transaction objects intend to transact, they often do not choose to obtain electronic transaction certificates through mining, which is time-consuming and laborious. They hope to join a traditional blockchain electronic transaction system, become a user of a traditional blockchain electronic transaction system, and usually choose to pay a certain amount of money to purchase from other users who already have traditional electronic transaction certificates to indirectly obtain electronic transaction certificates. The problem is that in the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system, once traditional electronic transaction certificates are generated or issued, they cannot be eliminated or recycled. These traditional electronic transaction certificates have a generation mechanism but no elimination mechanism. When such traditional electronic transaction certificates no longer have transaction value or use value, or when users no longer need these traditional electronic transaction certificates and intend to exit the blockchain electronic transaction system, the user can only indirectly exit by trading electronic transaction certificates to other users, rather than directly returning electronic transaction certificates to the blockchain electronic transaction system to achieve direct exit. In this forced indirect exit through trading process, the price of electronic transaction certificates often falls, and the amount of money users get back is often less than the amount of money they paid when they first joined the system. Ultimately, these electronic transaction certificates will not disappear and can only continue to exist in the accounts of certain users in the electronic transaction system, which means that eventually some users will not be able to exit and will have to continue to hold these electronic transaction certificates that do not have transaction value or use value. That is, users who indirectly exit through trading will bear the economic losses caused by price declines, and if they cannot indirectly exit through trading, the value of the electronic transaction certificates they ultimately hold will actually tend to zero and no one will care about them. In short, for users who pay a certain economic cost to obtain the traditional electronic transaction certificates, they cannot directly exit and can only indirectly exit, at a loss or at a loss of principal when exiting. The last users in the system eventually cannot actually exit at all. User entry and exit do not have a secure and stable mechanism guarantee, and the economic and social acceptance is low.

[0008] The total number of electronic transaction credentials of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system is unrestricted and unlimited, and the electronic transaction credentials are artificially scarce and difficult to prevent from being issued excessively. The total number of electronic transaction credentials of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system is either artificially set to be unlimited from the beginning, or although it is artificially set to have a certain upper limit at the beginning, the electronic transaction system based on blockchain technology and its electronic transaction credentials can be technically constructed by any technical subject, and the concept, design, and even code are open to the public, so anyone, team, or company can construct and define a blockchain electronic transaction system with its own rules and upper limit. Therefore, fundamentally, the total number of electronic transaction credentials of all existing and potential traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems in the world is artificially, unrestricted, and unlimited. Scarcity means value, and arbitrary artificial, unrestricted, and unlimited non-scarcity actually means no value, so it is not highly accepted and recognized by the global economic society.

[0009] The total number of electronic transaction credentials of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system is rigid and inflexible if artificially restricted. If the total number of electronic transaction credentials of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system is artificially set to have a certain upper limit from the beginning, when the electronic transaction credentials of this upper limit are all issued and circulated in the electronic transaction system, no more electronic transaction credentials can be issued. If the electronic transaction system needs to cover a larger economic scale in reality, and if new users in the larger economic scale need more electronic transaction credentials in objective reality, the electronic transaction system cannot flexibly generate new electronic transaction credentials to meet the demand of economic activity expansion due to the rigid total number of electronic transaction credentials, which often leads to deflation of transaction credentials and inhibition of economic activity in reality. Similarly, once the traditional electronic transaction credentials are issued, they cannot be recycled. When the economic activity scale shrinks, the electronic transaction system cannot flexibly reduce the number of circulating electronic transaction credentials due to the rigid total number of electronic transaction credentials.

[0010] The traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate are not orthodox industrial products. Their product structure components are not specific enough, the production and manufacturing process is not clear enough, the production and manufacturing subject can be absent, and the production and manufacturing cost cannot be analyzed meaningfully. For orthodox industrial products, such as mobile phones, computers, and cars produced by industrialization with certain design, materials, parts, and assembly process, the product structure components are specific, the production and manufacturing process is clear, and the production and manufacturing cost can be analyzed and calculated to a meaningful number. The pricing method is usually based on cost (such as cost-plus method), and consumers often pay a reasonable percentage of the cost when purchasing. However, the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate are not like this. In the production and manufacturing process of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate, the architecture design, underlying code writing, starting block generation, and starting user integration are generally completed by the founding team. The workload is small, and the system structure components are composed of design documents, original information technology hardware (usually a computer) of one (or several) starting members, and original software code and original block data on these original hardware. These are only a small amount of information technology hardware and software. The hardware is often a standardized mass-produced, easily purchased, and reusable non-customized non-specialized equipment. The software code is often open source and easily copied or even plagiarized. The design idea and software writing organization method are often publicly available and free. The human cost involved in each structure component is therefore minimal. In the product maintenance process, although the transaction recording, point-to-point communication, blockchain generation and maintenance, consensus mechanism, and software upgrade work are large in workload and high in cost, they are all shared by users. Users are maintainers. On the other hand, the producer is also a user. The founding team or starting user is first a producer and then a user. Users who obtain certificates through so-called "mining" are both producers and users. The boundaries between the two are blurred. Therefore, the producer can be absent in fact. The hardware and software invested by the producer may be the hardware and software of the user. The production and manufacturing process of "mining" to produce new electronic transaction certificates is continuous and has no boundaries or end. When users want to buy certificates at a fair price, they can only buy second-hand electronic transaction certificates at a higher price from other users. In short, if the production and manufacturing cost of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system is analyzed, it will be found that the product structure components are not specific enough, the production and manufacturing process is not clear enough, the production and manufacturing subject can be absent, and the only effective conclusion of the cost analysis is that the initial starting producer generally pays less cost in the system structure components and production and manufacturing process and does not need to pay maintenance cost.The total number of electronic transaction credentials of various different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems is different, some of which are tens of millions, some of which are hundreds of millions, and some of which have no upper limit (infinity). Therefore, when analyzing the production and manufacturing costs of traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems and their credentials, the above-mentioned smaller production and manufacturing costs are evenly distributed among the hundreds of millions or even infinite units of electronic transaction credentials, which is close to zero. Any pricing calculated based on the cost number close to zero is also close to zero. Such cost numbers and pricing based on costs do not express or convey effective information, making it impossible to meaningfully analyze the production and manufacturing costs of traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems and their electronic transaction credentials. There is no technical basis for pricing based on production and manufacturing costs, making it difficult to reasonably price the market. Therefore, all traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems and their credentials can only be forced to rely on "designers and issuers' promises and technology, holders and traders' recognition and confidence" to artificially create external values related to "artificial scarcity", "customer preference", "speculation and prosperity", etc. These external values have no rules and are empty. The intrinsic value of electronic transaction systems and their credentials is hollow and has no inherent value, and is easy to copy at low cost. This leads to no clear basis for calculating prices, unstable and dramatic price fluctuations, and ultimately insufficient global economic and social acceptance. For example, assume that a well-known traditional blockchain electronic transaction system was launched at the time, using the same production and manufacturing structure components (design using documents, a number of start-up member original information technology hardware, and original software code and original block data on original hardware). Three products were launched at the same time, with only differences in software specifications - the total number of electronic transaction credentials was 2100000, 21000000, and 210000000 respectively. In traditional circumstances, the production and manufacturing costs of the three different electronic transaction credentials are close to zero and have no reference value. There is no meaningful analysis of production and manufacturing costs, and consumers have no basis for judging how to choose and whether the price is reasonable. Or, if the electronic transaction credentials of the three products are sold at the same price, consumers will feel helpless. Consumers may intuitively prefer to purchase the first one because it has the smallest total number of credentials on the surface. Consumers can only guess that it is more valuable because it is more scarce.

[0011] The traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate are not industrial products that can be mass replicated across space and time. Technically replicated copies are not identical to the original in terms of homogeneity and identity across space and time. Their quality changes due to the interaction with human economic society over time, and is not independent of human economic society. Industrial products should have high technical replicability. Phones, computers, and cars produced by the same design, materials, parts, and assembly process are completely homogeneous. Phones, computers, and cars produced by the same design, materials, parts, and assembly process a few years ago are also completely homogeneous (only with a very small difference in material aging). They can be immediately and directly exchanged. However, for the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate, the electronic transaction system and its certificate produced by the same principle design, underlying architecture, source code, encryption protocol, certificate issuance mechanism, and network coverage capability a few years ago are completely different from those produced by the same principle design, underlying architecture, source code, encryption protocol, certificate issuance mechanism, and network coverage capability today. The electronic transaction certificates of the two are obviously not immediately and directly exchangeable. Any traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate that has been thriving for a few years cannot be immediately and directly exchanged by homogenizing replication of the same technical components today. This is because these technical components only have a specified nature at startup, and the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate have continuously expanded and generated qualitative changes in the interaction with human economic society over a long period of time. Their quality is not independent of human economic society.

[0012] The traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate lack durability and objective evidence. The traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate are products after the Internet era, and their duration is relatively short. All components are only information technology hardware and software, and the corresponding code is saved in various computer system hardware (such as the memory of mobile phones, computers, and servers). Unless the code is constantly transferred to new hardware, the useful life of the above hardware for normal operation and data storage is only a few years or decades. Durability raises reasonable doubts. A large number of traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems and their electronic transaction certificates quickly disappear after their appearance, and there is no objective evidence to show their durability, leading to low acceptance in economic society.

[0013] In addition, in real practice, for a multinational company, it may accept and apply a certain traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its credentials, but the cross-border transaction objects in its global business chain may accept and apply a different traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its credentials. In the corresponding business activities, the current traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and its credentials cannot meet the innovative business requirements of multinational companies in many ways, which will be introduced one by one.

[0014] The electronic transaction credentials of different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems are unstable and unfair when exchanged, and are difficult to exchange directly. The exchange rate is either constantly changing or difficult to be fair. Different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems are often independent and isolated from each other, and the electronic transaction credentials between different systems are difficult to exchange directly. Most of the time, each uses a national sovereign currency as a transaction intermediary for pricing, measurement, conversion and settlement, i.e. indirect exchange between each other with a national sovereign currency as an intermediary. The pricing of traditional blockchain electronic transaction credentials with a national sovereign currency is often volatile and unstable, making the exchange of electronic transaction credentials between different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems often encounter sharp fluctuations in exchange rates, resulting in exchange losses, exchange fees and other problems. In addition, some exchanges or trading platforms even use other cryptocurrencies as intermediaries for conversion, and multiple instabilities further exacerbate exchange rate fluctuations and expected instability. The transaction subjects of different systems are afraid of being damaged and dare not to trade, making it difficult to operate stably. To improve this instability, some traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems adopt a fixed exchange rate determined by artificial negotiation. This negotiation of exchange rate is often done periodically, and before the rate is updated, users of electronic transaction credentials in devalued electronic transaction systems benefit, while users of electronic transaction credentials in appreciated electronic transaction systems are damaged, making it difficult to exchange stably and fairly.

[0015] Different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems are difficult to merge technically and do not have the technical basis for merging. Different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems are often independent and isolated from each other, and their electronic transaction credentials are empty and usually use different transaction credential issuance mechanisms and blockchain specific link technologies (such as encryption algorithms and consensus mechanisms). Therefore, different electronic transaction systems do not have the technical basis for merging and it is extremely difficult to merge. As an example, several well-known traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems are difficult to merge technically.

[0016] It is difficult for different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems to conduct cross-electronic transaction system automated direct transactions through smart contracts. Different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems are often independent and isolated from each other. Due to unstable electronic transaction certificate exchange mechanisms and difficulty in direct transactions, and due to technical limitations and differences in smart contracts, it is difficult for different traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems to conduct cross-electronic transaction system automated direct transactions through smart contracts. Current traditional smart contracts often only run well within a certain traditional blockchain electronic transaction system and are difficult to cross electronic transaction systems. Cross-electronic transaction system smart contracts often have to involve indirect operation steps of third-party exchanges or trading platforms.

[0017] The quality of different traditional blockchain electronic trading systems lacks clear assessability and comparability. These systems lack clear goals and incentives for improvement, leaving users without objective indicators to choose the best system and its credentials. Different traditional blockchain electronic trading systems are often independent and isolated. While the overall technical functionality and design philosophy of blockchain technology are consistent across systems, differences lie only in specific technical aspects (such as encryption algorithms and consensus mechanisms), leading to variations in localized performance. Their electronic trading credentials are inherently empty, lacking any intrinsic value; their external value arises solely from the "commitment and technology of the designers and issuers, and the recognition and confidence of the holders and traders." In reality, relatively outdated blockchain electronic trading systems and... The price of a traditional blockchain electronic trading system and its electronic trading certificates may skyrocket due to the high-profile promotion by the team or community, or due to its long history. Conversely, the price of a relatively advanced blockchain electronic trading system and its electronic trading certificates may be low, with few users and no reputation, due to the pragmatic and low-key approach of the team or community, or due to its short history. So-called "customer preference" or "hype" are not objective indicators for judging quality. The quality of each system cannot be judged solely based on the market price and number of users of the electronic trading certificates. Therefore, it is difficult to clearly assess and compare the quality of different traditional blockchain electronic trading systems and their certificates. Traditional blockchain electronic trading systems involve different governance parties, such as teams and communities. Their technical architecture is often subject to various technical limitations (such as block size restrictions) from the outset. Because it is difficult to clearly assess and compare the quality of one's own electronic trading system with that of other electronic trading systems, there is a lack of clear goals and incentives for improvement. Once the system's governance structure and technical details are determined, they are difficult to change. Even if other blockchain electronic trading systems emerge in the industry or market that have made progress in specific mathematical methods, improved in certain technical aspects, or achieved clearly better local technical performance, traditional blockchain electronic trading systems may not necessarily regard them as their own improvement goals. There is a lack of incentives for rapid, agile, and up-to-date self-change. Similarly, users lack objective indicators when choosing the best option, resulting in weak market competition and slow industry progress.

[0018] Summary of the Invention

[0019] The present application is a blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate. The blockchain electronic transaction system introduces precious metal physical into the system as reserve. The system sets the measuring unit of the electronic transaction certificate according to the measurable and divisible mass of the precious metal physical reserve. Each unit of the electronic transaction certificate corresponds to one mass of the precious metal physical reserve. The system issues all the electronic transaction certificates corresponding to the total reserve when the precious metal physical is introduced as reserve. The electronic transaction certificates held by the user correspond to the measurable and divisible mass of the precious metal physical reserve. The system can set the number of accurate digits of the table quantity according to the minimum mass of the precious metal physical within the working capacity of the system. The reserve can contain one or more kinds of precious metals. When the reserve contains multiple kinds of precious metals, different kinds of electronic transaction certificates are issued corresponding to different kinds of precious metals, or different kinds of precious metals are converted into the same kind of precious metal in a certain proportion and the same kind of electronic transaction certificate is issued.

[0020] When the user joins the blockchain electronic transaction system with the precious metal physical of a certain mass and obtains the electronic transaction certificate, the mass of the precious metal physical reserve corresponding to the mass of the precious metal physical is increased. The system issues a certain number of new electronic transaction certificates corresponding to the mass of the precious metal physical to the user's account. The system can introduce automated equipment to accept, measure, and absorb the precious metal physical brought by the user into the precious metal physical reserve. When the user exits the blockchain electronic transaction system and returns the electronic transaction certificate of a certain mass, the system recycles the electronic transaction certificate. The mass of the corresponding kind of precious metal physical reserve corresponding to the mass of the precious metal physical is reduced. The system can introduce automated equipment to measure, divide, and release the corresponding mass of the precious metal physical from the precious metal physical reserve to the user.

[0021] When the certificates of different systems are traded, the same mass of the same kind of precious metal physical corresponds to a certain number of certificates. The mass of the corresponding precious metal physical reserve of the system where the certificates flow in is increased by the mass of the corresponding precious metal physical reserve of the system where the certificates flow out. The number of electronic transaction certificates flowing out of the system where the certificates flow out is recorded as a transaction to the system where the certificates flow in and is recycled. The system where the certificates flow in issues a certain number of new electronic transaction certificates corresponding to the mass of the corresponding precious metal physical reserve.

[0022] When different systems are merged, the mass of the precious metal physical of each kind of the reserve of the merged system is the sum of the mass of the precious metal physical of each kind of the reserve of the systems before the merger.

[0023] Different systems can automatically trade directly through smart contracts.

[0024] In understanding the technical solution, it is necessary to note that "each unit of electronic transaction certificate is one-to-one mapped with each component quality of corresponding precious metal physical reserve" means that if 1 unit of certificate corresponds to 10 grams of gold in kind, then any 1 unit of certificate corresponds to 10 grams of gold in kind in the reserve, which can be the quality component of the same body or different body at any position of the reserve gold in kind, that is, each 1 unit of certificate in the system corresponds to 10 grams of gold in kind, all certificates correspond to all reserve gold in kind, forming a bijective relationship between each unit of electronic transaction certificate and each component quality of corresponding precious metal physical reserve; when a person, team, company organizes precious metal in kind as reserve to create the electronic transaction system and its certificate of the technical solution, the person, team, company is both the creator and the user (the first user), which can be regarded as the first user to join the blockchain electronic transaction system of the technical solution with zero quality of precious metal in kind and obtain the electronic transaction certificate thereof; when the user joins the blockchain electronic transaction system with zero quality of a certain kind of precious metal in kind and obtains the electronic transaction certificate, the quality of the reserve of the kind of precious metal is correspondingly increased by zero, and the system issues zero units of new electronic transaction certificates of the corresponding kind to the user account, which is actually that the user only opens an account in the system, but the account balance is zero.

[0025] The technical solution achieves the following technical effects.

[0026] The blockchain electronic transaction system of the technical solution can price, transact and account the goods or services of each transaction subject (user) with the quality of precious metals, can realize the direct exchange of precious metal objects and goods and services, and can use electronic transaction certificates as exchange tickets or ownership certificates for precious metal objects. In the direct exchange of precious metal objects and goods and services, the physical transportation of precious metal objects is technically avoided, and the mismatch between the inefficient physical transportation of precious metal objects and the efficient transaction of global goods and services and other practical operation difficulties are overcome, and the physical existence and exclusive ownership of the quality of precious metal objects are realized. Multinational companies try to innovate global business operation methods, hope to accept only precious metal objects as the transaction counterparty of goods or services, hope that transaction subjects can directly exchange precious metal objects and goods and services with each other, and intend to accurately and stably price, transact and account according to the quality of precious metals for a long time, avoid exchange losses, remove exchange costs, and realize stable operation (the values of pricing, transaction and accounting in global business remain uniform and stable). The blockchain electronic transaction system of the technical solution meets such technical requirements, because the measuring unit of the electronic transaction certificate in the blockchain electronic transaction system is formulated according to the measurable and divisible quality of the precious metal object reserved in the system, each measuring unit of the electronic transaction certificate is one-to-one mapped with each quality of the corresponding precious metal object reserve, and the several units of the electronic transaction certificate held by each transaction subject (user) strictly correspond to the several measurable and divisible qualities of the precious metal object in the system reserve. Therefore, each transaction subject (user) can freely and finely digitally price the goods and services as several measurable and divisible qualities of a certain precious metal, and can transact based on the blockchain with the corresponding several units of the electronic transaction certificate, transparently and efficiently generate a blockchain electronic account book, and quickly, instantly, conveniently, safely and directly complete the actual transaction.It is also easy to operate in reality, because the essence of the transaction between the subject (user) is not necessary for the physical delivery of precious metal real, physical delivery is only to confirm the ownership in the physical, in this technical solution, the use of excellent cross-time cross-space of precious metals equivalent homogeneity, the transaction subject (user) will actually not forced to carry or local storage of precious metal real and only require the sufficient physical existence of the precious metal real and only belong to oneself, for example, a certain argentine seller user does not mind that the precious metal real belonging to him is temporarily stored in the reserve located in Germany instead of in Argentina, and does not mind that the precious metal real belonging to him is a specific part of the precious metal real storage body (such as a ingot of gold brick), but cannot accept the precious metal real quality belonging to him or at the same time belonging to other users, in this technical solution, each unit of electronic transaction certificate is one-to-one mapped with each component quality of the corresponding precious metal real reserve, and the several units of electronic transaction certificate held by each transaction subject (user) strictly corresponds to the several measurable and divisible mass of precious metal real in the precious metal real reserve of the electronic transaction system, since all transaction records in the blockchain are technically true, transparent and complete, each transaction is strictly encrypted and digitally signed, the one-to-one correspondence between the electronic transaction certificate flow and the precious metal component quality attribution change is recorded in the electronic ledger and is easy to be checked and audited by each node in the network, the consensus mechanism refuses the double spending problem, therefore, it is technically impossible to exist the problem of repeated transaction of certain electronic transaction certificate to multiple accounts, and it is technically impossible to exist the problem of repeated attribution of certain precious metal real to multiple users, that is, at any moment, each unit of electronic transaction certificate is one-to-one mapped with each component quality of the corresponding precious metal real reserve, each unit of electronic transaction certificate is only in a single account in the system, and each component quality of the corresponding precious metal real reserve is only attributed to a single user, and any component quality of the reserve precious metal real saved and placed in any physical location is equivalent and homogeneous, therefore, with this technical solution, the transaction subject only needs to conduct fast and instant direct transaction by means of electronic transaction certificate (i.e. exchange bill or attribution certificate of precious metal real component quality), without forcing the physical transportation delivery of precious metal real when directly exchanging with products and services, the fine digital pricing corresponding to the fine measurement and division of precious metal does not need to be forced at any time and any place, but can be obtained by fine digitalization of electronic transaction certificate in measurement, and the user does not need to carry or everyone has the non-ordinary professional equipment for accurate weighing and division of precious metal, but only needs to carry and use the smart phone and other ordinary electronic transaction terminal.With the technical solution, whether cross-border long-distance transactions or small high-frequency transactions can be efficiently realized through the application of the blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction credentials. The transaction between the transaction subjects, cross-border companies and electronic transaction systems, and different electronic transaction systems is fast and instant. In offline, physical delivery of precious metals is only needed according to the needs and timing or periodically, without inefficient small high-frequency transportation delivery, only efficient large low-frequency physical transportation delivery, which reasonably avoids the mismatch between the physical transportation delivery of precious metals and the fast instant transaction and other global trade transaction behaviors. Because of the good measurability, divisibility, entity durability and compact portability of precious metals, the physical transportation is very efficient in large low-frequency transportation delivery. Because the long-term nature of precious metals is stable, it is not easy to be lost, and it is physically permanent in normal storage environment, therefore in the transaction of the technical solution, the rapid instant electronic payment of precious metals corresponding to several units of electronic transaction credentials is realized to exchange goods and services, the corresponding precious metal component quality in the system reserve must exist physically, the exclusive ownership of the component quality is immediately changed and immediately confirmed, the essence of the transaction result is efficiently and completely achieved, and is not affected by the delay of physical transportation delivery of precious metals. In reality, the logistics customs clearance speed of cross-border long-distance precious metals is slow, and the transportation delivery is difficult. The physical transportation of precious metals corresponding to small high-frequency transactions cannot keep up with the transaction rhythm, the transportation risk is high and the efficiency is low, and it is difficult to physically deliver large, fast, instant, convenient and safe precious metals of different sizes and small amounts in complex business transactions. These practical operation difficulties are basically overcome.

[0027] The electronic transaction system of the technical solution has both a generation mechanism and a destruction mechanism, and the generation mechanism and the destruction mechanism correspond strictly. The joining and leaving of users are guaranteed by a safe and stable mechanism. Users can directly leave without loss at any time, even if they stay in the system until the end. When a user joins the blockchain electronic transaction system with a certain amount of precious metal in possession and obtains electronic transaction credentials, the quality of the precious metal reserve is increased by the amount of the precious metal in possession. The system issues a certain amount of new electronic transaction credentials corresponding to the precious metal to the user's account. When a user leaves the blockchain electronic transaction system and returns a certain amount of electronic transaction credentials in possession, the system recovers the electronic transaction credentials, and the quality of the corresponding type of precious metal reserve is reduced by the amount of precious metal corresponding to the electronic transaction credentials. Obviously, when a user leaves, there is no need to trade with other users indirectly. The user only needs to return a certain amount of electronic transaction credentials in possession to the electronic transaction system. The system recovers the electronic transaction credentials, and the quality of the precious metal reserve is reduced by the amount of precious metal corresponding to the electronic transaction credentials. The user obtains the corresponding amount of precious metal, and the user can leave at any time for any reason, even if they stay in the system until the end. They will ensure that they can take back the precious metal in possession when they joined and have no loss in the quality of the precious metal. Since each unit of electronic transaction credentials is mapped to each unit of precious metal reserve, users can definitely leave, and there will be no situation where users hold electronic transaction credentials but cannot exchange them for enough precious metal. Due to the compactness and portability of precious metals and their equivalence and homogeneity, users will easily hold their precious metal when they leave, ensuring that users will not have difficulty carrying it and will not suffer losses. Such a free, lossless, fair, safe, stable, and convenient joining and leaving mechanism will further enhance the economic and social acceptance of the technical solution. The openness of the precious metal reserve in and out of the system corresponds to the openness of the blockchain electronic transaction technology, allowing global trade to remain free and open to all transaction subjects (users), free to enter and exit, fair in transactions, and prosperous in the market. In addition, the system can also introduce automated equipment to accept, measure, and absorb the precious metal brought by users into the precious metal reserve, or measure and divide the corresponding amount of precious metal from the precious metal reserve to the user.

[0028] The total quantity of the electronic transaction certificate of the technical solution system has a natural self-discipline upper limit due to the natural law attribute of the limited total quantity of precious metals. Precious metals and electronic transaction certificates are naturally scarce, which prevents the issuance of excessive certificates and is not subject to the will of any person. The blockchain electronic transaction system of the technical solution formulates the measurement unit of the electronic transaction certificate of the system according to the measurable and divisible quality of the precious metal reserves. Each measurement unit of the electronic transaction certificate is one-to-one mapped with each component quality of the corresponding precious metal reserves. The system issues all electronic transaction certificates corresponding to all reserves when the precious metal reserves are introduced as reserves. This obviously means that the system determines the total number of electronic transaction certificates according to the quality of the precious metal reserves. Since precious metals are inherently scarce and have a limited total quantity, the precious metal reserves available for the electronic transaction system worldwide must be limited. The quality of the precious metal reserves that the electronic transaction system can store during production must be limited, which is determined by the natural law attribute of precious metals and is not subject to the will of any person. Therefore, the electronic transaction certificate of a single technical solution system has a total quantity upper limit, and all electronic transaction certificates of the technical solution system also have a total quantity upper limit, which fundamentally prevents the unreasonable rise in the price of goods and services or inflation caused by the artificial issuance of excessive transaction certificates and the lack of constraints, ensures the intrinsic value of the electronic transaction certificate, and thus brings about the widespread acceptance and recognition of the global economic and social community.

[0029] The electronic transaction system of the technical solution has flexibility while the total number of electronic transaction vouchers is limited. The total number of electronic transaction vouchers of the blockchain electronic transaction system of the technical solution is initially limited by the corresponding upper limit of the mass of the precious metal reserves in the system. If the electronic transaction system needs to cover a larger economic scale in reality, and if new users in the larger economic scale need more electronic transaction vouchers in the objective reality, the new users can join the electronic transaction system with a certain mass of precious metal objects they hold. The mass of the precious metal reserves in the electronic transaction system is increased by the certain mass, and the new users obtain a certain number of newly issued electronic transaction vouchers corresponding to the certain mass of precious metal. For a single electronic transaction system of the technical solution, when the economy and users demand more electronic transaction vouchers, new users will join the single system with the precious metal that is not part of any system reserves (e.g., originally used as a decorative item). For the overall electronic transaction system of the technical solution, when the economy and users demand more electronic transaction vouchers, new users will join a single system with newly mined and smelted precious metal that is not part of any system reserves (e.g., mined at a higher cost from deeper deposits), and then join the overall electronic transaction system of the technical solution. In this way, although the total number of electronic transaction vouchers is limited, it is not rigid and can flexibly issue new electronic transaction vouchers to meet the demand of expanding economic activities, avoiding deflation and suppression of economic activities due to a lack of transaction vouchers. Similarly, when the scale of economic activities shrinks, users can exit the electronic transaction system and return a certain number of electronic transaction vouchers they hold. The mass of the precious metal reserves in the electronic transaction system is reduced by the corresponding mass, and the users retrieve the corresponding mass of precious metal objects. The electronic transaction system recycles the returned electronic transaction vouchers and reduces the number of electronic transaction vouchers in circulation. In the technical solution, the electronic transaction system has natural self-discipline in the total number of electronic transaction vouchers based on the natural law properties of precious metals - strictly limited by the natural law of precious metals and not subject to the will of any person. The total number of electronic transaction vouchers is limited, but the precious metals entering or exiting the system are free and flexible according to the free will of users and changes in the economic market. In this way, the total number of electronic transaction vouchers is limited, and the specific value of the total number is flexible and variable.

[0030] The blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate of the technical solution will truly become a legitimate industrial product, with more specific product structure components, clearer production and manufacturing process boundaries, and a definitely existing production manufacturer subject, which can be used to analyze the production cost and determine the pricing based on the meaningful cost figures. The technical solution adjusts the component elements, issuance mechanism, functional structure and their interaction relationship on the basis of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system, introduces precious metal objects and maps them one-to-one with the unit electronic transaction certificate. Since precious metals are naturally rare on earth, difficult to obtain and high in cost, the production and manufacturing structure components and manufacturing process of the blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate of the solution change, and the product is no longer a finished product that can be produced by simply copying a small amount of information technology hardware and software, but also must be actually gathered and organized precious and heavy precious metal objects. This process also ensures that the production manufacturer subject engaged in the original start-up process must exist, and users can directly purchase the new electronic transaction system and its certificate products from the original start-up production manufacturer subject that gathers and organizes precious metals, issues corresponding electronic transaction certificates and owns them. When analyzing the production cost of the blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate of the technical solution, even if the production cost of the blockchain information technology hardware and software in the product structure components is spread to almost zero by millions, hundreds of millions or even infinite units of electronic transaction certificates, and the maintenance cost is also zero, the cost of the precious metal objects in the structure components cannot be spread by any number of units of electronic transaction certificates, because the cost figures of mining, smelting, manufacturing, procurement, transportation and concentration of the corresponding precious metal objects for each unit of electronic transaction certificate are ultimately a large specific number far from zero. In other words, the production cost of the blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate of the technical solution is much greater than the cost of the blockchain information technology hardware and software, so the production cost of the blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate of the technical solution can be meaningfully analyzed - close to the precious metal cost itself (i.e. the above-mentioned large specific number far from zero). Such cost figures obviously express and convey effective information, and the pricing calculated based on such cost figures is still a large specific number far from zero, which also obviously expresses and conveys effective information. In reality, precious metals often have globally open price reference data in various market channels (such as London Metal Exchange, Chicago Mercantile Exchange and Hong Kong Stock Exchange), and users can easily obtain such specific data as calculation basis or reference. The blockchain electronic transaction system and its certificate of the technical solution have the technical basis for pricing based on production cost (such as adding 20% profit on the cost basis), which makes the market price have a clear calculation basis and tends to be stable, fair and reasonable, and is more easily accepted and recognized by the global economy and society.For example, assume that the blockchain electronic transaction system of the present technical solution uses the same blockchain information technology hardware and software to launch three products with different total numbers of electronic transaction certificates, regardless of which product, consumers only need to focus on the cost of the corresponding reserve precious metal in real object when purchasing, and easily grasp the corresponding data through various channels as a basis for judgment, in this example, if the system's precious metal reserve is gold, if 1 unit of electronic transaction certificate of the 3 products corresponds to 1 gram of gold, if 1 gram of gold costs about 500 yuan RMB at that time, if the pricing of the 3 products electronic transaction certificates is 600 yuan, 700 yuan, and 800 yuan respectively, consumers will think that 600 yuan is the most reasonable and cost-effective price, because its profit addition on the cost of gold price is the least, consumers buying any one product is the same, with the same value and the same function, without relying on intuition to guess, the overall market price is relatively stable because it can analyze the product production cost meaningfully, and can use a large and specific number away from zero as the pricing basis.

[0031] The electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificates of the present technical solution are industrial products that can be mass-produced across space and time. The copies produced by technical replication have the same quality and identity as the original, and their quality is independent of the human economic society. The electronic transaction system and its certificates produced several years ago with certain principles, underlying architecture, source code, encryption protocol, certificate issuance mechanism, network coverage capability, and quality precious metal reserves, are completely homogeneous with the electronic transaction system and its certificates produced today with the same principles, underlying architecture, source code, encryption protocol, certificate issuance mechanism, network coverage capability, and the same quality precious metal reserves. The electronic transaction certificates of the two systems can obviously be exchanged immediately because each unit of the electronic transaction certificates in the two systems corresponds to the same quality of homogeneous precious metal reserves, the total number of electronic transaction certificates or the quality of the reserved precious metals is the same, and the functions and performance of the technical components of the two systems are also completely the same. Even after different times and processes of interaction with the human economic society, the quality of the two systems and their certificates does not change, and their quality is independent of the human economic society. Such cross-time and space homogeneity, identity, and replicability are caused by the excellent cross-time and space equivalence of precious metals and the improvement of the present technical solution on the composition elements, issuance mechanism, functional structure, and their interaction of traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems and their certificates.

[0032] The durability of the electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate is greatly improved due to the natural properties of precious metals. There is a lot of objective evidence that can be universally observed. Although the blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate are products after the Internet era, although its duration is short, this technical solution introduces precious metal physical reserves into the system as the core component, and the electronic transaction certificate strictly corresponds to the precious metal physical object. Precious metals are corrosion-resistant, oxidation-resistant, long-term stable, and extremely difficult to lose. They are physically eternal in normal storage environment, and the durability of the system components improves the durability of the system. The durability of the system of this solution is obviously greatly improved compared to traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems (system components are only information technology hardware and software). If the information technology hardware and software of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system is damaged and lost over time, the entire system will be lost. Even if the component information technology hardware and software of the system of this solution is damaged and lost over time, as long as the component precious metal physical reserve still exists, it still has the core component foundation to rebuild the system. Historically, precious metals have a large amount of evidence that can be universally observed in terms of durability. In tens of thousands of years of human civilization, different civilizations have not coincidentally long been recognized as the inherent value of their preciousness as general equivalents, and have excellent equivalence and homogeneity across time and space: a 1-kilogram gold brick of a certain purity used by the pharaohs of Egypt five thousand years ago still exists today, and a 1-kilogram gold brick of the same purity produced today is completely equivalent and homogeneous. This is because the 1-kilogram gold brick five thousand years ago will not have any quantitative or qualitative change under natural conditions by the time it is stored today, and the durability is excellent. Combined with the technical characteristics of blockchain technology such as free transaction, multi-point audit, public supervision, transparency and security, and decentralization, the technical principle eliminates the arbitrary establishment of the total number of transaction certificates by humans and eliminates transaction fraud. The system is mechanized, automated, and mechanized to ensure the freedom, fairness, honesty, and trust of all transaction participants. No one can monopolize or arbitrarily control it. The blockchain electronic transaction system of this solution will be trusted and used by the economy and society for a long time, and the acceptance of the economy and society will be greatly improved.

[0033] The electronic transaction certificates of different electronic trading systems in this technical solution exhibit stability and fairness during exchange, with direct exchange and a naturally fixed exchange ratio. The electronic transaction certificates of each different electronic trading system in this technical solution are intrinsically equivalent to physical precious metals and share the same issuance mechanism—"identical in intrinsic quality." Even if there are subtle technical differences and performance variations in specific aspects of blockchain technology between different systems—"different performance"—the overall technical function and effect of blockchain technology in terms of concept and design philosophy are consistent—"identical in function." The exchangeability between their electronic transaction certificates stems from the fact that each system's several units of electronic transaction certificates correspond to several units of homogeneous precious metals of the same quality across time and space. When certificates from different systems circulate, several units of certificates corresponding to the same quality of the same type of precious metal are exchanged. The increase in the mass of the corresponding physical precious metal reserve in the system to which the certificate flows in is the decrease in the mass of the corresponding physical precious metal reserve in the system from which the certificate flows out. A number of electronic transaction certificates are recorded as transactions and are subsequently collected by the system. The system then issues new electronic transaction certificates corresponding to the increase in the physical reserves of the corresponding precious metals. Since each party's holding of different electronic transaction certificates is equivalent to possessing the same amount of precious metals, they can directly exchange these electronic transaction certificates using this precious metal as a stable intermediary. This eliminates the need for indirect exchange through pricing, measurement, conversion, and settlement using a sovereign currency or other cryptocurrency as the medium of exchange. It also eliminates issues such as exchange rate fluctuations, exchange losses, and exchange fees. The exchange ratio is naturally fixed due to the presence of the same amount of precious metals, without being determined through negotiation. The exchange is always fair, and all parties expect long-term stability, encouraging them to trade and achieving stable operations.

[0034] The different electronic transaction systems of the technical solution are easy to technically merge and have a technical basis for merging. The electronic transaction credentials of each different electronic transaction system of the technical solution are equivalent to precious metal objects and have the same issuance mechanism, i.e., the same intrinsic quality. Different systems may have technical differences and performance differences in specific blockchain technology aspects, i.e., different performance. However, the overall technical function and effect of the concept and design of the blockchain technology are consistent, i.e., the same function. They have a common technical basis for merging. If the electronic transaction credentials of each unit are strictly corresponding to the same quality and type of precious metal object, they can be regarded as the same electronic transaction credentials. The electronic transaction credentials of different electronic transaction systems have cross-time and space homogeneity and identity in quality. On this common technical basis, even if different systems are started at different times and use different blockchain specific link technologies (such as encryption algorithms and consensus mechanisms), as long as the units of electronic transaction credentials are unified (the units are unified to correspond to the same quality of precious metal), the types of electronic transaction credentials are unified (each different type of precious metal corresponds to the issuance of each different type of electronic transaction credential, or each different type of precious metal is converted into the same type of precious metal according to a certain proportion in quality and corresponds to the issuance of the same type of electronic transaction credential), and the specific link technologies of the blockchain are unified (for example, select specific link technologies with better technical performance), they can be merged into the same system. When different systems are merged, the quality of various precious metal objects reserved by the merged system is the sum of the quality of various precious metal objects reserved by each system before merging.

[0035] The different electronic transaction systems of the technical solution can automatically and directly trade across electronic transaction systems through smart contracts. The electronic transaction credentials of each different electronic transaction system of the technical solution are equivalent to precious metal objects and can be directly exchanged. The electronic transaction credential exchange mechanism can be stable and direct. Therefore, even if each electronic transaction system is in a separate state (not merged), the smart contract as a program on each blockchain system can functionally and consistently coordinate cross-system automated direct transactions, although the codes may be different. It does not need to involve indirect operation steps of third-party exchanges or trading platforms.

[0036] The quality of different electronic transaction systems in the technical solution has clear evaluability and comparability. Such evaluation and comparison can be qualitative and quantitative, so that the electronic transaction system in the technical solution has a clear goal and incentive to progress to a better quality, and the user has an objective basis when selecting a better system and its credentials. The electronic transaction credentials of each different electronic transaction system in the technical solution are equivalent to precious metal in kind and have the same issuance mechanism - "the same internal quality", and the overall technical function effect in the concept and design of the blockchain technology is consistent - "the same function", and the different systems only have technical differences and performance differences in the details of the local specific links of the blockchain technology - "performance differences". Therefore, for electronic transaction systems with the same internal quality, the same function, and different performance, only the local performance differences in the local technical links need to be compared, or the overall performance differences caused by the differences in the local technical links need to be compared. Such technical evaluation and comparison can obviously be qualitative and quantitative, and the quality of different electronic transaction systems in the technical solution has clear evaluability and comparability. For different electronic transaction systems in the technical solution, since the electronic transaction credentials are equivalent to precious metal in kind and do not need to be evaluated and compared in terms of internal quality, the same overall technical function effect achieved by the blockchain technology also does not need to be evaluated and compared in terms of function, and the system with more advanced technology and better performance indicators will certainly be more recognized and used by users than the system with less advanced technology and worse performance indicators. The qualitative and quantitative comparison of these technical performance indicators will be the objective basis for users to choose the best, and once a new technical detail adopted by a system in the market is confirmed to have better performance, other systems will tend to learn, draw lessons from, and use the technology with better performance indicators to improve performance, without any negative impact on the function of the existing system, the internal quality of the existing electronic transaction credentials, the record of the existing transactions, or the interests of the existing users. The governance structure and technical details of the system will tend to change quickly, easily set their own progress goals, and have clear incentives for rapid adaptation and progress. The blockchain electronic transaction systems in the technical solution compete fiercely in performance, users easily choose the best, the industry progresses faster, and finally there may be only a few blockchain electronic transaction systems in the technical solution coexisting in the industry, each of which is at a basically similar good level in overall performance, each has its own characteristics and highlights in local performance, and traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems may gradually fade out of history. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The application is a blockchain electronic transaction system for issuing all certificates based on precious metal reserves, belonging to the field of blockchain and financial technology. The application is a technical improvement of the traditional blockchain electronic transaction system, introduces precious metal reserves as a new component and issues all electronic transaction certificates. Each unit of the certificate is one-to-one mapped with the corresponding weight of the precious metal reserve, so that the system has the qualitative cross-time and space durability, identity and replicability in composition, issuance mechanism, functional structure and their interaction. The production cost can be meaningfully analyzed, the goods and services are priced, traded and accounted for by the quality of precious metals, the direct exchange of goods and services and precious metal objects is realized, and the innovative business requirements of multinational companies' global business are met.

[0038] One embodiment is the application in the innovative global business of multinational companies. As the world enters the era of intelligent transportation (or the era of robot service with full application of artificial intelligence), a Chinese company operates a targeted global business around its mass consumer product, "intelligent driving accident professional recorder" (or "artificial intelligence behavior accident professional recorder"). The business goal is to record and analyze artificial intelligence abnormalities (or other artificial intelligence abnormalities in the field of robots) in intelligent driving accidents and corresponding long-chain liability claims. The business includes global sales of the product itself and global technical, economic, and legal services following the product. The business can be simply described as follows: a European car owner purchases the intelligent driving accident professional recorder from the Chinese company (the European car owner pays the Chinese company for the purchase), uploads the collected audio and video to the Chinese company's server after an intelligent driving accident and seeks technical analysis and determination services. The Chinese company analyzes and determines the nature of the relevant audio and video materials in an automated and digital manner to professionally determine whether it is caused by intelligent driving abnormalities (the European car owner pays the Chinese company for the service). If so, the Chinese company organizes and arranges the relevant audio and video materials into technical evidence that explains the specific technical abnormality of intelligent driving, proves the responsibility of a corresponding American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer, states the loss amount of the European car owner, and seeks compensation from the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer in an automated and digital manner (the European car owner pays the Chinese company for the service). At the same time, the Chinese company transmits this evidence to the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer in an automated and digital manner. If the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer agrees, it will compensate the European car owner accordingly in an automated and digital manner (the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer pays the European car owner for compensation). The American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer uploads its corresponding technical materials to the Chinese company's server and seeks technical analysis and determination services (the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer pays the Chinese company for the service). The Chinese company analyzes and determines the nature of the relevant technical and legal materials in an automated and digital manner to professionally determine whether it is caused by abnormalities in the intelligent driving function module, excluding other functional failures of the vehicle. If so, the Chinese company organizes and arranges the relevant materials into technical evidence that explains the specific technical abnormality of the intelligent driving function module, proves the responsibility of a corresponding Israeli intelligent driving solution provider, states the loss amount of the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer, and seeks compensation from the Israeli intelligent driving solution provider in an automated and digital manner (the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer pays the Chinese company for the service). At the same time, the Chinese company transmits this evidence to the Israeli intelligent driving solution provider in an automated and digital manner. If the Israeli intelligent driving solution provider agrees, it will compensate the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer accordingly in an automated and digital manner (the Israeli intelligent driving solution provider pays the American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer for compensation).In such a complex and lengthy technical, economic, legal interwoven automated digital business chain, the timeliness requirement is very high, because if the time rhythm of business processing is too far away from the time of the occurrence of intelligent driving accidents, the parties involved in each link of the technical chain may have blurred memories, the details of technical evidence such as external public monitoring and internal production records may be lost, the heat of external public opinion supervision may decrease, and the accident victims being treated in the hospital may not receive timely economic assistance.

[0039] In the face of such long-chain multi-link global business, traditional multinational companies often use the following traditional operating operations: the products and services of Chinese companies are online and digitized through the Internet, product flow, service flow, and information flow can basically achieve instant and stable operation, but the only fund flow cannot achieve instant and stable operation. In the entire business chain, the fund flow corresponding to the transaction behavior of each different transaction subject such as Chinese companies, European car owners, American companies, and Israeli companies has to go through mutual exchange with various national sovereign currencies, is difficult to stabilize due to exchange rate fluctuations, and transaction and accounting may be conducted at different time nodes, which cannot achieve real-time and instant transaction and accounting. Even within a day, there are exchange rate changes, and the exchange rate at the time of transaction is often inconsistent with the exchange rate at the time of settlement and accounting, and the account is often inaccurate but has to be accepted. Overall, the fund flow in the traditional global business of multiple countries and parties is always restricted by time and space. Even if multinational companies start to use traditional block chain electronic transaction systems and their certificates, they still cannot avoid the mutual exchange between various national sovereign currencies, and transaction and accounting are not instant, and they still have to pay the exchange cost of foreign exchange transactions, and it is still difficult to achieve global unified pricing operations. The values of pricing, transaction, and accounting are always inaccurate and unstable. On the other hand, such global business faces significant operating risks in countries with dramatic exchange rate fluctuations, such as countries with dramatic devaluation of sovereign currencies due to military conflicts or economic crises. For example, if normal pricing operations are conducted, the transactions conducted at the beginning of the month will show business losses at the end of the month settlement exchange.

[0040] In order to keep the values of pricing, transaction, and accounting in global business uniform and stable, thereby stabilizing operations, also removing exchange costs, and avoiding exchange losses, Chinese companies attempt innovative global business, hoping to only accept precious metal as the counterparty of commodity or service transactions, hoping that transaction subjects can achieve direct exchange of precious metal and goods and services, and intending to conduct long-term accurate, stable, and uniform pricing, transaction, and accounting according to the quality of precious metals. However, in reality, if large and small amounts of precious metal involved in each business transaction need to be transported and delivered by each country's transaction party through cross-border logistics, it is difficult to operate and practice, is not instant, is not convenient, is not safe, and is low in efficiency.

[0041] Therefore, in general, taking the global business of this Chinese company as an example, the innovative global business of the multinational company spans across various countries, with a long business chain and multiple business links, and requires extremely high timeliness for business progress, requiring instant, fast, and automated technical action links and transaction payment links, hoping that the transaction subjects mutually set a global business uniform price, transaction, and accounting with the quality of precious metal real objects, realize the direct exchange of precious metal real objects and commodity services, and avoid the mismatch between the inefficient physical transportation delivery of precious metal real objects and the efficient transaction of global commodity services and other practical inconveniences.

[0042] In this embodiment, a certain Saudi blockchain technology company constructs a blockchain electronic transaction system A of the technical solution, organizes and aggregates 21,000,000 grams of gold objects as precious metal object reserves of the electronic transaction system A, and the minimum mass of gold that can be measured and divided within the working capacity range of the electronic transaction system A is 0.01 grams. Therefore, the system uses a table quantity with two decimal places. Obviously, 1 gram of gold, 10 grams of gold, and 100 grams of gold are all measurable and divisible gold mass quantities of the electronic transaction system A. The electronic transaction system A formulates its electronic transaction credentials with a measuring unit of a, a', and a" corresponding to 1 gram of gold, 10 grams of gold, and 100 grams of gold, respectively. Each 1a electronic transaction credential is one-to-one mapped with 1 gram of mass of the reserve gold object. The electronic transaction system A issues all 21,000,000a electronic transaction credentials (which can also be equivalent to 2,100,000a' and 210,000a") when 21,000,000 grams of gold are introduced into the system as reserves. Global potential users join the electronic transaction system A by purchasing, holding precious metal objects, and other methods to become users who own electronic transaction credentials and corresponding precious metal objects. The Saudi company team produces and publicly delivers a complete set of overall solutions including architecture design, bottom code writing, start-up block generation, start-up user integration, and reserve precious metal objects. Among them, the production and manufacturing of the hardware and software of the architecture design, bottom code writing, start-up block generation, and start-up user integration are relatively small, so the corresponding cost is evenly distributed to the total number of 21,000,000a electronic transaction credentials, which is close to zero. Therefore, the production cost of each 1a electronic transaction credential is close to the cost of 1 gram of gold that it is one-to-one mapped with. The Saudi company sells each 1a electronic transaction credential of the electronic transaction system A at a price 20% higher than the cost of 1 gram of gold to users, or sells the entire electronic transaction system A at a price 20% higher than the cost of 21,000,000 grams of gold to any other blockchain technology company in any country.

[0043] The Chinese company chooses to join the electronic trading system A (establishes an account) and prices its product services with the quality of gold, pricing its globally sold intelligent driving accident professional recorder product at a global uniform 3.15 grams of gold (the system uses the table quantity number accurate to two decimal places), so in the electronic trading system A, its product is priced at a global uniform 3.15a electronic trading voucher, and for the same reason, the Chinese company prices its globally provided technical analysis service at a global uniform 0.1 gram of gold (0.1a electronic trading voucher), and prices its globally provided technical evidence sorting service at a global uniform 0.5 gram of gold (0.5a electronic trading voucher).

[0044] The European car owner holds 10 grams of gold owned by him and joins the electronic trading system A, and pays 10 grams of gold at the electronic trading system A branch in his country, and the system uses automatic equipment to accept, measure, and absorb the gold brought by the European car owner into the precious metal real reserve, and the electronic trading system A precious metal real reserve increases to 21000010 grams of gold, and the European car owner obtains 10 grams of gold corresponding to the newly issued 10a electronic trading voucher to his electronic account. When the European car owner purchases products from the Chinese company, 3.15a electronic trading vouchers in the electronic trading system A are transferred from the European car owner's electronic account to the Chinese company's electronic account, and every time the European car owner receives technical analysis service or technical evidence sorting service, 0.01a or 0.05a in the electronic trading system A is transferred from the European car owner's electronic account to the Chinese company's electronic account. Because the electronic trading system is based on blockchain technology, any transaction is instant, secure and transparent, and the accounting is distributed and tamper-proof, and the Chinese company and the European car owner can conduct automatic direct transactions with smart contracts within the same electronic trading system A, and the pricing, trading and accounting values remain accurate, stable and uniform for a long time. For the Chinese company, receiving electronic trading vouchers in the electronic account is equivalent to instant confirmation of the physical existence and exclusive ownership of the corresponding gold real part quality in the electronic trading system A reserve, and the European car owner does not need to transport and deliver the gold real to the Chinese company's location to complete the confirmation of the transfer of the physical existence and ownership of the gold real.

[0045] The European car owner has 2.45a electronic trading vouchers left after multiple transactions, and at this time he chooses to exit the electronic trading system A and return his electronic trading vouchers, and the electronic trading system A recycles the 2.45a electronic trading vouchers, and the system uses automatic equipment to measure, divide and release 2.45 grams of gold real from its gold real reserve to the European car owner, and the quality of the gold real reserve of the electronic trading system A decreases by 2.45 grams of gold, and the European car owner takes back 2.45 grams of gold real from the electronic trading system A.

[0046] In this embodiment, a certain Canadian blockchain technology company builds a blockchain electronic transaction system B of the technical solution, organizes and aggregates 10,000,000 grams of gold and 50,000,000 grams of silver as the precious metal physical reserves of the electronic transaction system B, the electronic transaction voucher issuance mechanism is to issue different electronic transaction vouchers corresponding to different kinds of precious metals, the minimum mass of gold and silver that can be measured and divided within the working capacity range of the electronic transaction system B is 0.01 grams, and the system uses the table quantity to two decimal places. Obviously, 1 gram of gold and 1 gram of silver are the mass components of the measurable and divisible gold and silver of the electronic transaction system A, and the electronic transaction system B accordingly formulates the measurement units of the electronic transaction vouchers as bAu and bAg, corresponding to 1 gram of gold and 1 gram of silver respectively, each 1 bAu electronic transaction voucher is one-to-one mapped with 1 gram of mass of the reserve gold physical object, and each 1 bAg electronic transaction voucher is one-to-one mapped with 1 gram of mass of the reserve silver physical object. When the electronic transaction system B introduces 10,000,000 grams of gold and 50,000,000 grams of silver into the system as reserves, it issues all 10,000,000 bAu and 50,000,000 bAg electronic transaction vouchers, and potential users around the world can join the electronic transaction system B by purchasing, holding precious metal physical objects, and other methods to become users who own electronic transaction vouchers and corresponding precious metal physical objects.

[0047] In this embodiment, a certain blockchain technology company in the United Arab Emirates builds a blockchain electronic transaction system C according to the technical solution, organizes and aggregates 10,000,000 grams of gold, 50,000,000 grams of silver, and 10,000,000 grams of platinum as the precious metal physical reserves of the electronic transaction system C, the electronic transaction voucher issuance mechanism is to convert different kinds of precious metals into the same kind of precious metal in a certain proportion in quality and issue the same kind of electronic transaction voucher accordingly, the quality conversion ratio is specified as 1:50:2 (i.e. 50 grams of silver is converted into 1 gram of gold, and 2 grams of platinum is converted into 1 gram of gold), the minimum mass of gold, silver and platinum that can be measured and divided within the working capacity range of the electronic transaction system C is 0.01 grams, the system uses the table quantity to two decimal places, obviously, 1 gram of gold, 50 grams of silver, and 2 grams of platinum are the mass quantities of gold, silver and platinum that can be measured and divided by the electronic transaction system C, the electronic transaction system C accordingly sets the measurement unit of its electronic transaction voucher as c, corresponding to 1 gram of gold or 50 grams of silver or 2 grams of platinum, each 1c electronic transaction voucher is one-to-one mapped with the mass quantity of 1 gram of gold or 50 grams of silver or 2 grams of platinum of the reserved precious metal physical, the electronic transaction system C introduces 10,000,000 grams of gold, 50,000,000 grams of silver, and 10,000,000 grams of platinum into the system as reserves, and then issues all 16,000,000c (10,000,000 / 1+50,000,000 / 50+10,000,000 / 2) electronic transaction vouchers, and the global potential users join the electronic transaction system C by various methods such as purchasing, holding precious metal physical, and become users who own electronic transaction vouchers and corresponding precious metal physical.

[0048] The American intelligent driving vehicle manufacturer in the foregoing complex global business chain applies the electronic transaction system B, and the precious metal reserves thereof contain gold and silver, and the Israeli intelligent driving solution supplier applies the electronic transaction system C, and the precious metal reserves thereof contain gold, silver and platinum.

[0049] When a US autonomous vehicle manufacturer purchases a technical analysis service provided by a Chinese company (priced at a globally uniform 0.1 grams of gold or 0.1 a electronic transaction voucher), the US autonomous vehicle manufacturer pays 0.1 bAu and cross-system exchanges it for 0.1 a, the electronic transaction system A's reserve precious metal of gold increases by 0.1 grams and issues a new 0.1 a corresponding to the increased 0.1 grams of gold to the Chinese company's account, the electronic transaction system B recovers the 0.1 bAu and its reserve precious metal of gold decreases by 0.1 grams. When a US autonomous vehicle manufacturer purchases a technical evidence collation service provided by a Chinese company (priced at a globally uniform 0.5 grams of gold or 0.5 a electronic transaction voucher), the US autonomous vehicle manufacturer pays 0.5 bAu and cross-system exchanges it for 0.5 a, the electronic transaction system A's reserve precious metal of gold increases by 0.5 grams and issues a new 0.5 a corresponding to the increased 0.5 grams of gold to the Chinese company's account, the electronic transaction system B recovers the 0.5 bAu and is recorded in the electronic bill as a transaction to the electronic transaction system A, the electronic transaction system B's reserve precious metal of gold decreases by 0.5 grams.

[0050] When a US autonomous vehicle manufacturer pays a compensation of 80 grams of gold to a European car owner, the US autonomous vehicle manufacturer pays 80 bAu and cross-system exchanges it for 80 a, the electronic transaction system A's reserve precious metal of gold increases by 80 grams and issues a new 80 a corresponding to the increased 80 grams of gold to the European car owner's electronic account, the electronic transaction system B recovers the 80 bAu and is recorded in the electronic bill as a transaction to the electronic transaction system A, the electronic transaction system B's reserve precious metal of gold decreases by 80 grams.

[0051] When an Israeli autonomous driving solution provider pays a compensation of 140 grams of gold to a US autonomous vehicle manufacturer, the Israeli autonomous driving solution provider pays 140 c and cross-system exchanges it for 140 bAu, the electronic transaction system B's reserve precious metal of gold increases by 140 grams and issues a new 140 bAu corresponding to the increased 140 grams of gold to the US autonomous vehicle manufacturer's electronic account, the electronic transaction system C recovers the 140 c and is recorded in the electronic bill as a transaction to the electronic transaction system B, the electronic transaction system C's reserve precious metal of gold decreases by 140 grams.

[0052] In the transaction chain and transaction behavior of the above cross-border business, products and services are online and digitized through the Internet, product flow, service flow, and information flow can basically realize instant and stable operation, and fund flow can also realize instant and stable operation. The fund flow corresponding to the transaction behavior between Chinese companies, European car owners, American companies, Israeli companies, and other different transaction subjects does not go through the mutual exchange between various national sovereign currencies, but directly uses precious metal in real to globally unify pricing, transaction, and accounting, realizing the direct exchange of precious metal in real and goods and services, and avoiding the mismatch between inefficient physical transportation and delivery of precious metal in real and efficient transaction of global goods and services and other practical inconveniences. Obviously, using the blockchain electronic transaction system of the technical solution, due to the convenience, directness, fairness, and stability of cross-system transactions, developers can create smart contracts on the blockchains of different systems, so that the above business flow and fund flow can be automatically executed by the smart contracts on the respective blockchains, and directly and automatically transact with each other.

[0053] In summary, from this example, the future innovative global business of multinational companies will cross various countries, with long business chains and multiple business links, and extremely high time efficiency requirements for business progress, requiring instant, fast, safe, fair, and automatic technical action links and transaction payment links. The transaction subjects transact with each other by the quality of precious metal in real to globally unify pricing, transaction, and accounting, and directly exchange precious metal in real and goods and services, and avoid the mismatch between inefficient physical transportation and delivery of precious metal in real and efficient transaction of global goods and services and other practical inconveniences. These innovative businesses require technical implementation through the technical solution, and the transaction behavior and fund flow between different subjects in different countries can be instantly, transparently, stably, accurately, and uniformly conducted, and the technical action links and transaction payment links can be efficiently and automatically completed by cross-system smart contracts, and new smart contracts can be flexibly created according to the specific needs of economic activities to realize new businesses. Any transaction is instantly transparent, and the accounting is distributed and tamper-proof. The transaction subjects can conveniently and safely enter and exit the transaction system, global trade no longer has exchange rate problems, exchange costs, and is no longer affected by exchange rate fluctuations. The account is clear and error-free, and the pricing, transaction, and accounting values of global business are always accurate and stable, greatly reducing the cost and risk of global business.

[0054] In this example, electronic transaction system A and B can be combined into electronic transaction system D, and the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system D are the sum of the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system A and B. Assuming that the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system A are 21,000,000 grams of gold and the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system B are 10,000,000 grams of gold and 50,000,000 grams of silver, then the precious metal reserves of system D after the combination are 31,000,000 grams of gold and 50,000,000 grams of silver. By selecting a unified unit (1 gram of gold and 1 gram of silver correspond to unified units dAu and dAg, respectively), using the electronic transaction voucher issuance types of system B (issuing different electronic transaction vouchers for different types of precious metals), and using the other specific blockchain technologies of system A (encryption algorithm, consensus mechanism, etc.), system D issues 31,000,000 dAu and 50,000,000 dAg electronic transaction vouchers, and the two systems A and B are combined into one.

[0055] In this example, electronic transaction system A and C can be combined into electronic transaction system E, and the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system E are the sum of the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system A and C. Assuming that the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system A are 21,000,000 grams of gold and the precious metal reserves of electronic transaction system C are 10,000,000 grams of gold, 50,000,000 grams of silver, and 10,000,000 grams of platinum, then the precious metal reserves of system E after the combination are 31,000,000 grams of gold, 50,000,000 grams of silver, and 10,000,000 grams of platinum. By selecting a unified unit (1 gram of gold corresponds to unified unit e), using the electronic transaction voucher issuance types of system C (converting different types of precious metals into the same type of precious metal according to a certain proportion and issuing the same type of electronic transaction voucher), and using the other specific blockchain technologies of system A (encryption algorithm, consensus mechanism, etc.), system E issues 37,000,000 e (310,000,000 / 1 + 50,000,000 / 50 + 10,000,000 / 2) electronic transaction vouchers, and the two systems A and C are combined into one.

[0056] The manufacturer of the electronic transaction system of the technical solution can be an individual, a team, or a company. They can not only sell the product (system and its vouchers) as a commodity, but also use it to pay employee salaries, pay for parts manufacturers, and pay for logistics companies. As a result, employees, parts manufacturers, parts manufacturer employees, logistics companies, and logistics company employees gradually become users of the system and its electronic transaction vouchers, and the user group gradually spreads and expands. Under the trend of gradual differentiation and expansion of economic activities, traditional blockchain electronic transaction systems will gradually fade out of history, and the industry may only exist a few blockchain electronic transaction systems of the technical solution, which may be separate or combined, and each will be widely accepted and used.

[0057] Another embodiment is government application. The government application creates the blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate according to the technical solution, which may in fact create a global currency system objectively regulated and constrained by the natural laws of precious metals and the essence of blockchain technology. The currency system is self-organized, self-managed and self-operated. The electronic transaction system cannot be monopolized or arbitrarily controlled in essence. The electronic transaction certificate may become an international currency. In this way, the government actually provides public products or services for the global economy. Global economic activities can be carried out within or between the blockchain electronic transaction system. The global commodity and service trade is priced, traded and accounted for by the electronic transaction certificate (i.e. the quality of physical precious metals). Traditional problems such as exchange rate fluctuations and exchange costs disappear. Economic activities are free, convenient, open, transparent, safe, efficient and honest. The cost of global trade is reduced, and the risk of global economy is reduced. All global trade traders have the ability to choose and can freely and safely enter and exit any blockchain electronic transaction system. It is fair, open and secure for all traders. Such a blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction certificate may be widely recognized globally and become a global economic infrastructure tool or facility for truly building a community with a shared future for mankind.

Claims

1. A blockchain electronic transaction system and its electronic transaction voucher, characterized in that: The precious metal physical is introduced into the blockchain electronic transaction system as a reserve, the measuring unit of the electronic transaction certificate of the system is formulated according to the measurable and divisible mass of the precious metal physical reserve, the electronic transaction certificate of each measuring unit is one-to-one mapped with each mass of the corresponding precious metal physical reserve, the system issues all the electronic transaction certificates corresponding to all the reserves when the precious metal physical is introduced as a reserve, and the electronic transaction certificates held by the user correspond to the measurable and divisible mass of the precious metal physical reserve.

2. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 1, wherein: The precision of the number of digits of the table quantity used by the system is determined according to the minimum mass of the precious metal physical within the working capacity range of the blockchain electronic transaction system.

3. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 1, wherein: The reserve contains one or more precious metals, when the reserve contains multiple precious metals, different types of electronic transaction certificates are issued corresponding to different types of precious metals, or different types of precious metals are converted into the same type of precious metal in a certain proportion in terms of mass and the same type of electronic transaction certificate is issued.

4. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 3, wherein: When a user joins the blockchain electronic transaction system with a certain mass of a certain type of precious metal physical and obtains electronic transaction certificates, the mass of the reserve of the type of precious metal physical corresponding to the mass is increased, and the system issues a certain number of new electronic transaction certificates of the corresponding type to the user's account.

5. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 3, wherein: When a user exits the blockchain electronic transaction system and returns a certain number of electronic transaction certificates of a certain type, the system recycles the electronic transaction certificates, and the mass of the corresponding type of precious metal physical reserve corresponding to the mass of the precious metal physical corresponding to the number of electronic transaction certificates is reduced.

6. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 4, wherein: The system introduces automated equipment to accept, measure, and absorb the precious metal physical brought by the user into the precious metal physical reserve.

7. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 5, wherein: The system introduces automated equipment to measure, divide, and release a certain mass of precious metal physical from the precious metal physical reserve to the user. 8.The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 3, wherein: When the certificates of different systems are traded, a certain number of certificates corresponding to the same mass of the same type of precious metal physical are exchanged, the mass of the corresponding precious metal physical reserve of the system into which the certificates flow is increased by the mass of the corresponding precious metal physical reserve of the system from which the certificates flow is reduced, a certain number of electronic transaction certificates in the system from which the certificates flow are recorded as transactions to the system into which the certificates flow and are recycled, and the system into which the certificates flow issues a certain number of new electronic transaction certificates corresponding to the mass of the corresponding precious metal physical reserve.

9. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 3, wherein: When different systems are merged, the mass of each type of precious metal physical in the reserve of the merged system is the sum of the mass of each type of precious metal physical in the reserve of each system before the merger.

10. The blockchain e-transaction system and its e-transaction voucher according to claim 3, wherein: Different systems conduct automated direct transactions through smart contracts.