Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of communications, and provide a communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: a third apparatus determines first information, the first information being used for determining that the type of a first path is a static path or a dynamic path, and the third apparatus sends the first information to a fourth apparatus, so that the fourth apparatus can position or sense a first apparatus on the basis of the first information, or position or sense a first object in the environment of the first apparatus and a second apparatus. In this way, the fourth apparatus can select, on the basis of the first information, a more suitable path for positioning or sensing, for example, the fourth apparatus can select a static path having higher stability for positioning or sensing, thereby facilitating improvement of the referencability and accuracy of a positioning or sensing result.

Description

Communication method and apparatus

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202410643601.8, filed on May 22, 2024, entitled “A communication method and apparatus”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0004] Machine learning (ML) can be applied to positioning or perception. Taking positioning as an example, a channel fingerprint can be input into a model of machine learning, and the model can position or perceive a device. The channel fingerprint characterizes a feature of a channel between a certain device and other devices at a certain spatial position, such as a channel frequency domain response or a channel impulse response, etc. The channel includes at least one path for signal transmission, so the channel fingerprint also characterizes the feature of the path corresponding to the channel.

[0005] Currently, information of all paths between a certain device and other devices is measured at different positions to obtain a channel fingerprint. However, the communication environment is highly complex and dynamic, for example, a certain device is at the same position, and different channel paths can be observed at different time due to the dynamicity of the environment, so that the accuracy of the obtained channel fingerprint is not high, thereby reducing the accuracy of positioning or perceiving the device. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of positioning or perception.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. The method can be applied to a third device side. The third device is, for example, a terminal device or a module in a terminal device, such as a communication module in a terminal device, a circuit or a chip responsible for communication functions, a chip such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip containing a modem core, etc. The third device is, for example, an access network device or a module in an access network device, such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system in an access network device, etc. Alternatively, the module of the access network device may, for example, also be a central unit control plane (CU-CP), a distributed unit (DU), a central unit control plane (CU-CP), a central unit user plane (CU-UP), an open central unit (O-CU), or a radio access network intelligent controller (RIC). The RIC may, for example, include, such as a non-real-time radio access network intelligent controller (Non-RT RIC) and / or a near-real-time RAN intelligent controller (Near-RT RIC), etc. Alternatively, the third device is a core network device, such as an access and mobility management function (AMF), a sensing management function (SMF), a location management function (LMF) (also known as a positioning management device, or a positioning management network element, a positioning server, a positioning center, a positioning network element, a positioning function network element, or a sensing management function, etc.), or a sensing management control (SMC) (may also be referred to as a control network element, an edge sensing function network element, an edge control network element, or an edge control node), etc.

[0008] The method comprises: the third device sending (or reporting) first information to the fourth device. Optionally, the method further comprises the third device determining the first information. The first information is used to determine the type of the first path, and the type comprises a static path or a dynamic path. The first path is a transmission path of a signal between the first device and the second device. Optionally, the first information can be used by the fourth device to sense / locate the first device. Optionally, the first information can be used by the fourth device to locate / sense the first object. The first object is an object between the first device and the second device. The first object can also be at least one obstacle through which the first path passes.

[0009] In a first possible design, the third device is the same as the first device; for example, the first device and the third device are both terminal devices or modules in terminal devices, and the second device is an access network device, or the first device and the third device are both access network devices or modules in access network devices, and the second device is a terminal device or a module in a terminal device. In a second possible design, the third device can be the same as the second device; for example, the third device and the second device are both access network devices or modules in access network devices, and the first device is a terminal device or a module in a terminal device, or the third device and the second device are both terminal devices or modules in terminal devices. In a third possible design, the third device is a device other than the first device and the second device; for example, the first device is a terminal device or a module in a terminal device, the second device is an access network device or a module in an access network device, and the third device is a core network device. The fourth device can also be referred to as a sensing device (also referred to as a sensing network element, a sensing function network element, a sensing function entity, a sensing measurement network element, or a sensing measurement entity, etc.) or a positioning device. The fourth device is, for example, an access network device or a module in an access network device, or the fourth device is, for example, a positioning server or a component (such as a circuit, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in a core network device (for example, an LMF, an SMF, or an SMC, etc.). The positioning server can be deployed on a third-party platform, for example.

[0010] The first path is one or more paths experienced by the signal transmission between the first device and the second device. Optionally, the first information is used to determine the type of the first path, and is also used to determine the type of one or more paths other than the first path, without specific limitation. The first path can be a line of sight (LOS) path or a non line of sight (NLOS) path. Compared with a dynamic path, a static path is more stable, or has higher stability, for example, the stability of the obstacle through which the static path passes is higher than that of the obstacle through which the dynamic path passes. The type of the first path is (or belongs to) a static path, which can be described as the first path belonging to (or being) a static path. The type of the first path is (or belongs to) a dynamic path, which can be described as the first path belonging to (or being) a dynamic path.

[0011] In the embodiments of the present application, the third device and the fourth device can determine the type of the first path based on the first information, which is equivalent to determining the specific information of the first path, and provides a mechanism for reporting the specific information of the path, so that the fourth device can determine (or select) a path more suitable for positioning / sensing based on the first information, for example, a static path with higher stability can be selected for positioning, thereby facilitating improvement of the positioning accuracy.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the static path satisfies at least one of the following conditions: all obstacles through which the path passes are static; the moving speed of the obstacles through which the path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold; the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold; or, the number of measurements of the path is greater than or equal to a third threshold, the number of measurements of the path being the number of times of measuring the path in multiple measurements, the multiple measurements including N times of measuring the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the multiple measurements including multiple measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1. Optionally, the type of the path satisfying one or more conditions in the implementation can be regarded as a static path. The static path can have various names, such as a first type or a fixed path, without specific limitation. N can be a preset value or a fixed value.

[0013] N can be pre-stored in the third device, or pre-configured or pre-defined in the third device, or determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device, or indicated by the fourth device to the third device. The first time period can also be a preset time window. The first time window can be pre-stored in the third device, or pre-configured or pre-defined in the third device, or determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device, or indicated by the fourth device to the third device.

[0014] The obstacle passed by the path can be all obstacles passed by the path, in which case, if all the obstacles passed by the path are stationary, the type of the path is static path. The obstacle passed by the path can be part of the obstacles passed by the path, in which case, if the part of the obstacles passed by the path are stationary, the type of the path is static path. For example, the part of the obstacles passed by the path can be the first obstacle passed by the path, in which case, if the first obstacle passed by the path is stationary, the type of the path is static path. Or, the part of the obstacles passed by the path can be the last obstacle passed by the path, in which case, if the last obstacle passed by the path is stationary, the type of the path is static path. Here, the obstacle passed by the path can refer to the obstacle passed by the path in one or more signal transmissions. The moving speed of the obstacle passed by the path can also be referred to as the moving speed or speed, etc. The moving speed of the obstacle passed by the path can be the relative speed of the obstacle with respect to a reference object (such as the first device or the second device), or can be the absolute speed of the obstacle. The Doppler shift can be, for example, the Doppler frequency shift.

[0015] In this way, various possible determination manners of the static path are provided, or various definitions of the static path are provided. The third device is facilitated to determine whether the first path belongs to the static path. Moreover, the obstacle passed by the path is stationary, the moving speed of the obstacle passed by the path is small, or the obstacle is measured a large number of times, which all indicate that the stability of the static path is high, or the characteristic stability of the static path is high, so that the positioning or perception based on the static path is more accurate.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the dynamic path includes at least one of the following: the obstacle passed by the path is moving (or moving); the moving speed of the obstacle passed by the path is greater than a fourth threshold value; the Doppler shift corresponding to the path is greater than a fifth threshold value; or, the number of measurements of the path is less than a sixth threshold value, the number of measurements of the path being the number of times the path is measured in multiple measurements, the multiple measurements including N measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the multiple measurements including multiple measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1. Optionally, the type of the path meeting one or more conditions in this implementation can be regarded as a dynamic path. The dynamic path can have various names, such as the second type or the non-static path, etc., which are not limited specifically.

[0017] The obstacle passed by the path can be all obstacles passed by the path, in which case, if all the obstacles passed by the path move, the type of the path is a dynamic path. The obstacle passed by the path can be part of the obstacles passed by the path, in which case, if the part of the obstacles passed by the path move, the type of the path is a dynamic path. The part of the obstacles passed by the path can be, for example, the first obstacle passed by the path, in which case, if the first obstacle passed by the path moves, the type of the path is a dynamic path. Or, the part of the obstacles passed by the path can be, for example, the last obstacle passed by the path, in which case, if the last obstacle passed by the path moves, the type of the path is a dynamic path. The first threshold value can be greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value. The second threshold value can be greater than or equal to the fifth threshold value. The third threshold value can be greater than or equal to the sixth threshold value. In another possible implementation, the first threshold value is equal to the fourth threshold value, the moving speed of the obstacle passed by the path is equal to the fourth threshold value, and the type of the path can be a dynamic path. The second threshold value is equal to the fifth threshold value, the Doppler shift of the obstacle passed by the path is equal to the fifth threshold value, and the type of the path can be a dynamic path. The third threshold value is equal to the sixth threshold value, the number of times of measurement of the path corresponding to the path is equal to the sixth threshold value, and the type of the path can be a dynamic path.

[0018] In this way, various possible determination manners of the dynamic path, or various definitions of the dynamic path are provided. The third device is facilitated to determine whether the first path belongs to the dynamic path. Moreover, the movement of the obstacle passed by the path, the large moving speed of the obstacle passed by the path, or the small number of times of measurement of the obstacle all indicate that the stability of the dynamic path is low, or the characteristic stability of the dynamic path is low. In this way, the fourth device is facilitated to filter the path more suitable for positioning or perception based on the first information, so as to improve the accuracy of positioning or perception.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the first information can explicitly or implicitly indicate the type of the first path. For example, the first information is used to determine the type of the first path, including at least one of the following: the first information indicates that the first path belongs to a static path or a dynamic path; the first information indicates the probability of the first path belonging to a static path and / or the probability of the first path belonging to a dynamic path; the first information indicates that the first path satisfies a first condition or does not satisfy the first condition, the first condition representing a condition that the type of the path satisfies.

[0020] The probability can also be referred to as likelihood, odds, etc. The first condition can be, for example, that the type of the path is a static path, or that the type of the path is a dynamic path. The first condition can be used to indicate or used to determine that the path satisfies a specific type.

[0021] In this way, the first information is provided to determine the type of the first path in multiple ways. For example, the first information can directly indicate the type of the first path, so that the fourth device can quickly determine the type of the first path based on the first information. Alternatively, the first information can indicate the probability that the first path belongs to one or two types, which is equivalent to the first information reflecting the original information of the first path. Alternatively, the first information can indicate whether the first path satisfies the first condition, so that the fourth device can directly determine whether the first path satisfies the first condition based on the first information, without the fourth device making further judgments.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving second information, the second information indicating information of a path satisfying the first condition sent by the third device, or the second information indicating information of whether a path sent by the third device satisfies the first condition, the first condition indicating a condition satisfied by the type of the path.

[0023] In the case where the second information indicates the information of the path satisfying the first condition sent by the third device, the first path is the path satisfying the first condition. For example, the second information indicates reporting a static path, and then the first path belongs to the static path, which means that the third device can not need to report information of a dynamic path. Alternatively, the second information indicates reporting a dynamic path, and then the first path belongs to the dynamic path, which means that the third device can not need to report information of a dynamic path.

[0024] In this way, the third device can negotiate the content of the reported information with the fourth device, so that the third device can more targetedly report the first information. Since the paths between the first device and the second device can not all meet the first condition, the third device can filter out part of the paths that do not need to be reported based on the first condition, thereby reducing the reporting amount of the third device to a certain extent.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the first information indicates that the first path belongs to a static path or a dynamic path, including: if a value of at least one bit in the first information is a first value, the first path belongs to the static path, and if the value of the at least one bit is a second value, the first path belongs to the dynamic path; or, if a value of at least one bit in the first information is in a first value range, the first path belongs to the static path, and if the value of the at least one bit belongs to a second value range, the first path belongs to the dynamic path. The first value range is, for example, 0 to 8, and the second value range is, for example, 9 to 15. Alternatively, the first information indicates a probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or a probability that the first path belongs to a dynamic path, including: at least one bit in the first information can be used to indicate the probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or the probability that the first path belongs to a dynamic path.

[0026] For example, the first path is one path, the at least one bit is one bit, the first path is a static path when the bit is of a first value, and the first path is a dynamic path when the bit is of a second value. For example, the bit in the first information is of 0, i.e., the first value is 0, and the first path is a static path; or the bit in the first information is of 1, i.e., the second value is 1, and the first path is a dynamic path.

[0027] In this way, multiple manners of indicating the type of the first path by the first information are provided. For example, the value of the at least one bit in the first information represents the type of the first path, which facilitates the fourth device to parse the first information and determine the type of the first path. For another example, the value range to which the value of the at least one bit in the first information belongs represents the type of the first path. The at least one bit can not only indicate the type of the first path, but also be used to indicate other information of the first path, for example, the value of the at least one bit is an identifier of the first path, and the value range to which the value of the at least one bit belongs indicates the type of the first path, so that the first information can indicate more information of the first path. For another example, the at least one bit can indicate a probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or a dynamic path, which facilitates the fourth device to parse the first information and determine the probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or a dynamic path.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the type of the first path is a static path if the first path satisfies a second condition, and the second condition includes at least one of the following: a moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold value; a Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold value; or a measurement number of the first path is greater than or equal to a third threshold value, the measurement number of the first path being a number of times of measuring the first path in a plurality of measurements, the plurality of measurements including N times of measuring a reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the plurality of measurements including a plurality of times of measuring the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device in a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

[0029] N can be a preset value or a fixed value. N can be pre-stored in the third device, or pre-configured or pre-defined in the third device, or determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device, or indicated by the fourth device to the third device. The first time window can also be a preset time window. The first time window can be pre-stored in the third device, or pre-configured or pre-defined in the third device, or determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device, or indicated by the fourth device to the third device.

[0030] Thus, various manners are provided to determine that the first path belongs to the static path. The moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes, the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path, and the measurement times of the first path are all determined by measuring the signal (e.g., the reference signal) on the first path, which makes the manners of determining the type of the first path direct, and the reference signal is transmitted between the first device and the second device by itself, i.e., these manners of determining the type of the first path do not increase the information interaction in the communication system additionally.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the measurement times of the first path are the number of measurement results in which the parameter of the path indicated by the measurement result matches the parameter of the first path, in the measurement results corresponding to the multiple measurements.

[0032] In a possible implementation, if the first path satisfies the third condition, the type of the first path is the dynamic path, and the third condition includes at least one of the following: the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold; the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is greater than a fifth threshold; or, the measurement times of the first path are less than a sixth threshold, and the measurement times of the first path are the number of times of measuring the first path in the multiple measurements, and the multiple measurements include N times of measuring the reference signal between the first device and the second device, or the multiple measurements include multiple times of measuring the reference signal between the first device and the second device in a first time window, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0033] Thus, various manners are provided to determine that the first path belongs to the dynamic path. The moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes, the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path, and the measurement times of the first path are all determined by measuring the signal (e.g., the reference signal) on the first path, which makes the manners of determining the type of the first path direct, and the reference signal is transmitted between the first device and the second device by itself, i.e., these manners of determining the type of the first path do not increase the information interaction in the communication system additionally.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the measurement times of the first path are the number of measurement results in which the parameter of the path indicated by the measurement result matches the parameter of the first path, in the measurement results corresponding to the multiple measurements.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: measuring the reference signal multiple times respectively to obtain multiple measurement results, the multiple measurement results respectively indicating a parameter of a path; if the number of measurements of the first path is greater than or equal to a third threshold, the type of the first path is a static path, and if the number of measurements of the first path is less than a sixth threshold, the type of the first path is a dynamic path. The number of measurements of the first path is the number of measurement results in the multiple measurement results that match the parameter of the first path. This can be alternatively described as: the number of measurements of the first path is the number of measurement results in the multiple measurement results that satisfy a fourth condition, and the fourth condition is that the measurement result indicates a path parameter that matches the parameter of the first path.

[0036] In this way, a manner of determining the number of measurements of the first path is provided. In this manner, the number of measurements of the first path is determined by measuring the reference signal multiple times, that is, the number of measurements of the first path is determined in the actual communication environment between the first device and the second device, so that the referenceability and accuracy of the number of measurements of the first path are high. Moreover, the transmission of the reference signal exists between the first device and the second device, and therefore this manner does not additionally increase the number of information interactions in the communication system. Moreover, the third device can compare the parameters between the paths, and determine the number of measurements of the first path based on the multiple measurement results, so that the manner of determining the number of measurements of the first path is simple and direct, and does not excessively increase the calculation amount of the third device.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: measuring a first reference signal in a first time unit, and measuring a second reference signal in a second time unit, determining a first angle of arrival and a first phase difference, the first angle of arrival being an angle of arrival of the first reference signal, an angle of arrival of the second reference signal, or an average of the angle of arrival of the first reference signal and the angle of arrival of the second reference signal, and the first phase difference being a difference between a phase of the first reference signal and a phase of the second reference signal; determining a moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes based on the first angle of arrival, the first phase difference, and a time difference between the first time unit and the second time unit; if the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold, the type of the first path is a static path, and if the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold, the type of the first path is a dynamic path.

[0038] The first reference signal and the second reference signal can be the same reference signal, or can be two different reference signals, which are not limited. Optionally, the angles of departure and / or the angles of arrival of the first reference signal and the second reference signal are the same. Optionally, the time difference between the first time unit and the second time unit can be less than or equal to a preset time length, for example, a channel coherence time length (or channel coherence time). The channel coherence time length refers to a time length during which the channel remains constant.

[0039] In this way, a manner for determining the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is provided, which depends on parameter determination of the reference signal at multiple time units, and the determination manner is simple and does not additionally increase the amount of information interaction between the first device and the second device.

[0040] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. The method can be applied to the fourth device side. The content of the fourth device can refer to the content of the fourth device discussed in the first aspect above, and the repeated parts will not be listed. The method comprises: the fourth device acquires first information. For example, the fourth device can determine the first information by itself, or the fourth device receives the first information from the third device. The first information is used to determine the type of the first path. The type includes a static path or a dynamic path, and the first path is the transmission path of the signal between the first device and the second device. Optionally, the fourth device can also locate or perceive the first device based on the first information, or it can be described that the first information is used for the fourth device to locate or perceive the first device. Optionally, the fourth device can locate or perceive the first object based on the first information, or it can be described that the first information is used for the fourth device to locate or perceive the first device.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the static path satisfies at least one of the following conditions: all the obstacles through which the path passes are static; the moving speed of all the obstacles through which the path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold value; the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold value; or, the measurement times of the path are greater than or equal to a third threshold value, the measurement times of the path are the number of times of measuring the path in multiple measurements, and the multiple measurements include N times of measuring the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the multiple measurements include multiple times of measuring the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the dynamic path includes at least one of the following: the obstacles through which the path passes are in motion; the moving speed of the obstacles through which the path passes is greater than a fourth threshold value; the Doppler shift corresponding to the path is greater than a fifth threshold value; or, the measurement times of the path are less than a sixth threshold value, the measurement times of the path are the number of times of measuring the path in multiple measurements, and the multiple measurements include N times of measuring the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the multiple measurements include multiple times of measuring the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the first information is used to determine the type of the first path, and includes at least one of the following: the first information indicates that the first path belongs to a static path or a dynamic path; the first information indicates a probability that the first path belongs to the static path and / or a probability that the first path belongs to the dynamic path; or the first information indicates that the first path satisfies a first condition or does not satisfy the first condition, the first condition representing a condition that is satisfied by the type of the path.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: sending second information, the second information indicating that the third device sends information of a path satisfying a first condition, or the second information indicating that the third device sends information of whether a path satisfies the first condition, the first condition representing a condition that is satisfied by the type of the path.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the first information indicates that the first path belongs to a static path or a dynamic path, and includes: if a value of at least one bit in the first information is a first value, the first path belongs to the static path, or if the value of the at least one bit is a second value, the first path belongs to the dynamic path; or, if a value of at least one bit in the first information is within a first value range, the first path belongs to the static path, or if the value of the at least one bit is within a second value range, the first path belongs to the dynamic path. Alternatively, the first information indicates a probability that the first path belongs to the static path and / or a probability that the first path belongs to the dynamic path, and includes: at least one bit in the first information can be used to indicate the probability that the first path belongs to the static path and / or the probability that the first path belongs to the dynamic path.

[0046] In a possible implementation, if the first path satisfies a second condition, the type of the first path is a static path, and the second condition includes at least one of the following: a moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold; a Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold; or a measurement number of the first path is greater than or equal to a third threshold, the measurement number of the first path being a number of times that the first path is measured in multiple measurements, or the multiple measurements including multiple measurements of a reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

[0047] In a possible implementation, if the first path satisfies a third condition, the type of the first path is a dynamic path, and the third condition includes at least one of the following: a moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold; a Doppler frequency offset corresponding to the first path is greater than a fifth threshold; or a measurement number of the first path is less than a sixth threshold, where the measurement number of the first path is a number of times that the first path is measured in a plurality of measurements, and the plurality of measurements include N measurements of the reference signal between the first device and the second device, or the plurality of measurements include a plurality of measurements of the reference signal between the first device and the second device within a first time window, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the measurement number of the first path is a number of measurement results in which a parameter of a path indicated by the measurement result matches a parameter of the first path in the plurality of measurement results. This can be alternatively described as: the measurement number of the first path is a number of measurement results in which a parameter of a path indicated by the measurement result matches a parameter of the first path in the plurality of measurement results, where the fourth condition is that the parameter of the path indicated by the measurement result matches the parameter of the first path.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: measuring the reference signal a plurality of times respectively to obtain a plurality of measurement results, where the plurality of measurement results respectively indicate a parameter of a path; if the measurement number of the first path is greater than or equal to a third threshold, the type of the first path is a static path, and if the measurement number of the first path is less than a sixth threshold, the type of the first path is a dynamic path, where the measurement number of the first path is a number of measurement results in which a parameter of a path indicated by the measurement result matches a parameter of the first path in the plurality of measurement results. This implementation can be applied to a case in which the fourth device determines the first information by itself.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: measuring a first reference signal in a first time unit, and measuring a second reference signal in a second time unit, determining a first angle of arrival and a first phase difference, where the first angle of arrival is an angle of arrival of the first reference signal, an angle of arrival of the second reference signal, or an average of the angle of arrival of the first reference signal and the angle of arrival of the second reference signal, and the first phase difference is a difference between a phase of the first reference signal and a phase of the second reference signal; determining a moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes based on the first angle of arrival, the first phase difference, and a time difference between the first time unit and the second time unit; if the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold, the type of the first path is a static path, and if the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold, the type of the first path is a dynamic path. This implementation can be applied to a case in which the fourth device determines the first information by itself.

[0051] In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus can be the third device in the first aspect, or a module (e.g., a chip system) configured in the third device, or a larger device including the third device, for example, the third device is a DU, and the communication apparatus can be an access network node or device including the DU, etc. The communication apparatus includes means or modules for performing the corresponding steps of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module), and a communication unit (sometimes also referred to as a communication module). The communication unit is configured to perform the functions related to transmitting and receiving, and can be referred to as a transceiver unit. Optionally, the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The processing unit is configured to perform the processing operations. Alternatively, the communication unit can be a transmitter (also referred to as a transmitter) and a receiver (also referred to as a receiver). Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module).

[0052] For example, the processing unit is configured to determine the first information, and the communication unit is configured to transmit the first information.

[0053] The communication apparatus can also implement the content of any possible implementation of the first aspect, which is not listed here.

[0054] In a possible design, the communication apparatus is a communication chip, the processing unit can be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit can be an input / output circuit, an input / output interface, or an antenna port of the communication chip.

[0055] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus can be the fourth device in the second aspect, or a module (e.g., a chip system) configured in the fourth device, or a larger device including the fourth device, for example, the fourth device is a CU, and the communication apparatus can be an access network node or device including the CU, etc. The communication apparatus includes means or modules for performing the corresponding steps of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module), and a communication unit (sometimes also referred to as a communication module). The communication unit is configured to perform the functions related to transmitting and receiving, and can be referred to as a transceiver unit. Optionally, the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The processing unit is configured to perform the processing operations. Alternatively, the communication unit can be a transmitter and a receiver, or the communication unit is a transmitter and a receiver. Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module).

[0056] For example, the communication unit is configured to receive the first information, and the processing unit is configured to locate or sense the first device based on the first information, and / or locate or sense the first object based on the first information.

[0057] The communication apparatus can also implement the content of any possible implementation of the second aspect, which is not listed here.

[0058] In a possible design, the communication apparatus is a communication chip, the processing unit can be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit can be an input / output circuit, an input / output interface, or an antenna port of the communication chip.

[0059] In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus includes one or more processors. The one or more processors can execute a computer program or instructions in a memory, when the computer program or instructions are executed, cause the communication apparatus to implement the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0060] Optionally, the communication apparatus can include a memory, which can be coupled with the one or more processors, or the memory can be independently arranged relative to the one or more processors. Alternatively, the memory is independently arranged relative to the communication apparatus.

[0061] In a possible design, the communication apparatus can further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with other apparatuses or components through the interface circuit.

[0062] The communication apparatus can be a terminal device, a communication module in a terminal device, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a terminal device, such as a Modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip including a modem module. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an access network device or a module in an access network device.

[0063] In a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus includes a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive a signal from another communication apparatus outside the communication apparatus and transmit the signal to the processor, or send a signal from the processor to another communication apparatus outside the communication apparatus. The processor is configured to implement the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation of the second aspect by means of a logic circuit or by executing code instructions. The number of processors can be one or more, which is not limited.

[0064] In a specific implementation process, the communication apparatus can be a chip, and the processor can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation mode of the processor.

[0065] In an implementation manner, the communication apparatus can be a wireless communication device, i.e., a computer device supporting wireless communication function. Specifically, the wireless communication device can be a terminal device such as a smart phone, or a network device such as a wireless access network device (e.g., a base station).

[0066] In another implementation manner, the communication apparatus can be a part of device in the wireless communication device, such as a system chip or a communication chip, etc. The system chip can also be referred to as SoC or SoC chip. The communication chip can include a baseband processing chip and a radio frequency processing chip. The baseband processing chip is also sometimes referred to as a modem or a baseband chip. The radio frequency processing chip is also sometimes referred to as a radio frequency transceiver or a radio frequency chip. In a physical implementation, part of the chips or all of the chips in the communication chip can be integrated inside the SoC chip. For example, the baseband processing chip is integrated in the SoC chip, and the radio frequency processing chip is not integrated with the SoC chip. The interface circuit can be a radio frequency processing chip in the wireless communication device, and the processor can be a baseband processing chip in the wireless communication device. The interface circuit can be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system, etc. The processor can also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0067] In another implementation manner, the communication apparatus can be a chip system, which can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices. The chip system can include, for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a CPU, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a micro controller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips, etc.

[0068] In a seventh aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication system. The communication system is configured to implement the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0069] For example, the communication apparatus includes the communication apparatus of any one of the third aspect and any possible implementation, and the communication apparatus of the fourth aspect and any possible implementation.

[0070] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system. The chip system includes a processor. Optionally, the chip system can further include an interface (such as a communication interface). The processor can be used to implement any one of the methods in the first aspect and possible implementation to the fourth aspect and possible implementation. Optionally, the chip system further includes a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instruction). The processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the device installed with the chip system executes the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The implementation of the chip system can refer to the content of the chip system involved in the foregoing, which will not be listed here.

[0071] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium is used to store a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction is run, the method in the first aspect and possible implementation, the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation of the second aspect is implemented.

[0072] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a program product. When the program product is executed, the processor executes the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The program product, for example, a computer program product, specifically includes a computer program and / or instruction, etc.

[0073] For the beneficial effects of any one of the technical solutions in the second aspect to the tenth aspect, the beneficial effects of the corresponding technical solutions in the first aspect can be referred to, which will not be listed here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0074] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a positioning principle provided;

[0075] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of characteristics of a path corresponding to a channel at different times;

[0076] FIGS. 3 to 7 are schematic diagrams of architectures of five communication systems provided by embodiments of the present application;

[0077] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of an environment of a first device and a second device in a first time window according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram of determining a moving speed of an obstacle on a path according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of determining a position of a device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of interaction between devices according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIGS. 13 to 15 are schematic diagrams of structures of three communication devices according to embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] In the following, some terms in the embodiments of the present application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0086] 1. Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and model

[0087] Artificial intelligence enables a machine to have human intelligence, and applies software and hardware of a computer to simulate some intelligent behaviors of human beings, including machine learning and many other methods.

[0088] Machine learning refers to learning a model or rule from raw data, and there are many different machine learning methods, such as neural networks, decision trees, support vector machines, etc.

[0089] The model includes an AI model and / or an ML model, or the model can be described as an AI model or an ML model. The model can also be referred to as a function, a feature or an algorithm, etc. The model refers to a function model of mapping a certain dimension of input to a certain dimension of output, and the model parameters are obtained by machine learning training. For example, f(x) = ax 2 +b can be regarded as a model, and a and b correspond to the parameters of the model, and a and b can be obtained by machine learning training. A typical model is, for example, a neural network, which is a model that simulates the behavior characteristics of animal neural networks and can process data in parallel.

[0090] 2. LOS and NLOS

[0091] LOS and NLOS are two opposite transmission scenarios. LOS means that there is no obstacle in the path of the transmission signal between the sender and the receiver. NLOS means that there is an obstacle in the path of the transmission signal between the sender and the receiver. The obstacle can also be referred to as a shelter or a block or an intermediate, etc. The obstacle can be a person, an animal or an object, etc., without limitation to the type thereof. For example, the obstacle is at least one of a building (such as the wall of a building), a vehicle or a plant, etc. In addition, the obstacle is stationary relative to the reference object, or is moving relative to the reference object (or referred to as a reference), without limitation thereto. The reference object is, for example, the earth or the ground, etc.

[0092] The obstacle through which a certain path passes can act on the signal transmitted on the path, or can be described as the obstacle through which the path passes can affect the signal transmitted on the path, or can be described as the obstacle existing on the path. Accordingly, at least one of the strength, angle, direction (or referred to as transmission direction or propagation direction, etc.) or power of the signal on the path can change due to the action of the obstacle. The obstacle through which the path passes can be described as the obstacle corresponding to the path, or the obstacle on the path. For example, the action includes at least one of reflection, scattering, diffraction, transmission or refraction, etc.

[0093] Reflection means that the wave (such as an electromagnetic wave) propagates back when it reaches the obstacle. Scattering means that the electromagnetic wave carrying the signal propagates in different directions when it encounters an obstacle with a surface approximately equal to or slightly smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave during transmission. For example, scattering occurs when the electromagnetic wave encounters a rough obstacle surface. Diffraction, also known as bending, is a physical phenomenon in which the wave deviates from the original straight-line propagation when it encounters an obstacle. Transmission is a phenomenon in which the wave exits after being refracted through the obstacle. The object that is transmitted is, for example, a transparent body or a translucent body, such as glass, a color filter, etc. Refraction means the change in the direction of propagation of the wave when it passes through the obstacle or experiences gradual changes in the obstacle.

[0094] According to the type of action of the obstacle on the signal on the path, the obstacle can be classified as a reflector, a scatterer, a diffractor, a transmitter or a refractor, etc. The reflector performs a reflection action on the signal on the path. The scatterer performs a scattering action on the signal on the path. The diffractor performs a diffraction action on the signal on the path. The transmitter performs a transmission action on the signal on the path. The refractor performs a refraction action on the signal on the path. The reflector, the scatterer, the diffractor, the transmitter or the refractor, etc. can be further classified according to their actual forms, without limitation thereto. For example, the reflector can include a reflecting surface or a reflecting point, etc. The reflecting surface is a surface that reflects the signal, and the reflecting point is a point that reflects the signal, etc.

[0095] 3、Path, LOS path and NLOS path

[0096] The path can also be referred to as a path, a route, a propagation path, a transmission path, or a transmission route, etc. The path for transmitting a signal from a sender to a receiver can include one or more paths. When the one or more paths are two or more, the one or more paths can be referred to as multipath, or it can be described that the transmission between the sender and the receiver is multipath.

[0097] Any path in the one or more paths can be divided into a LOS path and a NLOS path. The LOS path can also be referred to as a LOS propagation path or a LOS transmission path, etc. The NLOS path can also be referred to as a NLOS propagation path or a NLOS transmission path, etc. The LOS path refers to a signal transmission path without obstacles, for example, the LOS path is a straight line connecting between the sender and the receiver. The NLOS path corresponds to the LOS path, and the NLOS path refers to a signal transmission path with obstacles. When the obstacles passed by the NLOS path are all reflectors, the NLOS path can be referred to as a reflection path.

[0098] For the NLOS path, the number of obstacles passed by the NLOS path can be one or more. The one or more obstacles can be stationary or moving, which is not specifically limited. Stationary can be understood as the obstacle being stationary relative to a reference object, and moving can be understood as the obstacle being moving relative to the reference object. In addition, the obstacles passed by the NLOS path at different times can be different, which is not specifically limited.

[0099] 4、Parameter(s) corresponding to the path

[0100] The parameter(s) corresponding to the path can also be referred to as a parameter of the path, a set of parameters of the path, or a path parameter, etc., without limitation on the name thereof. The parameter(s) of the path are used to determine (or specify) the path, or in other words, the parameter(s) of the path can be used to distinguish or mark the path. The parameter(s) of the path include one or more types of parameters of the path. The one or more types of parameters include at least one type of distance, phase, angle, power, intensity, loss, delay, time of arrival (TOA), reference signal time difference (RTSD), relative time of arrival (RTOA), or channel impulse response, etc.

[0101] The angle of the path includes at least one of a direction of arrival (DoA) (or direction of arrival angle), a direction of departure (DoD) (or direction of departure angle), an angle of arrival (AoA), a pitch angle, or an azimuth angle. The direction of arrival can be understood as the angle of the signal when it is emitted from the transmitting antenna of the sender. The angle of arrival can be understood as the angle of the signal when it reaches the receiving antenna of the receiver. The direction of arrival can be divided into a horizontal direction of arrival and a vertical direction of arrival, etc. The angle of arrival can be divided into an azimuth angle of arrival (azimuth of arrival / azimuth-angle of arrival) and a zenith angle of arrival (zenith-angle of arrival, ZoA). The time delay of the path refers to the time consumed by the path from the transmission of one of the sender to the receiver to the reception of the other one of the sender to the receiver, also known as time of flight. The channel impulse response can be a channel time-domain response, which refers to the change in amplitude and / or phase experienced by the signal during propagation on the path. For example, the parameters corresponding to a certain path include a direction of arrival of 108 degrees (°) and a time delay of 112 nanoseconds (ns).

[0102] 5. Environment

[0103] The environment can also be referred to as a scene. The environment involved in the embodiments of the present application refers to the environment in which (or where) the sender or the receiver is located. The environment in which the sender is located can be an environment determined with the position of the sender as a reference point, and similarly, the environment in which the receiver is located can be understood as an environment determined with the position of the receiver as a reference point. In fact, whether it is the environment in which the sender is located or the environment in which the receiver is located, both can include the sender and the receiver. The environment can be used to assist in positioning the sender and the receiver. In addition to the sender and the receiver, the scene can also include obstacles. The environment can include at least one of a building, vegetation, a vehicle, or a pedestrian, etc.

[0104] 6. Reference signal (RS)

[0105] The reference signal can also be referred to as a pilot signal or a pilot. For example, the reference signal can be a kind of signal provided by a sending end to a receiving end for channel estimation, channel sounding, or data demodulation, etc. The reference signal includes uplink reference signals and downlink reference signals. The uplink reference signal is, for example, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and a sounding reference signal (SRS). The DMRS can include, for example, a DMRS for physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) demodulation (which can be referred to as DMRS for PUCCH for short) and a DMRS for physical uplink share channel (PUSCH) demodulation (which can be referred to as DMRS for PUSCH for short). The downlink reference signal is, for example, a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), a cell-specific reference signal (C-RS / CRS), and a positioning reference signal (P-RS / PRS). There are various reference signals, and with the continuous evolution of standards, the names of the reference signals can change, and more reference signals can also appear. No specific limitation is made on this.

[0106] 7. Virtual station (VS)

[0107] ​​A virtual station is used for assisting positioning. A virtual station can be introduced on a certain NLOS path for assisting positioning of other devices. A virtual station can be a virtual point or a virtual object. One virtual station corresponds to one NLOS path. The parameters of the LOS path between the virtual station and the transmitter or receiver can be equal to the parameters of the NLOS path corresponding to the virtual station. For example, the virtual station corresponding to a certain NLOS path satisfies at least one of the following conditions: the distance between the virtual station and the transmitter or receiver is equal to the distance (or length, or transmission distance, etc.) of the NLOS path, the signal transmission delay between the virtual station and the transmitter or receiver is equal to the delay of the NLOS path, the angle between the virtual station and the transmitter or receiver is equal to the angle of the NLOS path, or the channel energy between the virtual station and the transmitter or receiver is equal to the energy of the NLOS path. A virtual station includes, for example, a virtual base station (VBS). In addition, a virtual station can be replaced by a virtual base station, a virtual reference station, a virtual point, a virtual reference point, a virtual object, or a virtual reference object, etc., without limitation to its name, etc.

[0108] 8、Position

[0109] A position can be a relative position, for example, the position of a device can be the position of the device relative to another device. Alternatively, a position can be an absolute position, for example, the position of a device can be the geographical position of the device. The geographical position of a device includes, for example, the longitude and latitude of the device, and can also include the altitude, etc.

[0110] 9、Time unit

[0111] A time unit is, for example, a symbol, a slot, a mini-slot, a partial slot, a sub-frame, a frame (or frame), or a sensing slot, etc.

[0112] One slot can include at least one symbol, for example, 14 symbols, or 12 symbols. A slot can have different slot types, and different slot types include different numbers of symbols, such as a mini-slot (mini slot) containing less than 7 symbols, 2 symbols, 3 symbols, 4 symbols, etc., a normal slot (slot) containing 7 symbols or 14 symbols, etc.

[0113] The various terms mentioned above can have other names, or as the standards continue to evolve, other names can appear, which are not specifically limited.

[0114] In various embodiments of the present application, the number of a noun, unless specifically stated, represents "a singular or a plural number", i.e. "one or more". "At least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The association relationship between associated objects described by "and / or" means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it. For example, A / B means A or B. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c means a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present application, "indication" can include direct indication, indirect indication, display indication, and implicit indication. When describing that certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can be understood that the indication information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A. In the present application, the information indicated by the indication information is referred to as to-be-indicated information. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the to-be-indicated information, for example, but not limited to, the to-be-indicated information can be directly indicated, such as the to-be-indicated information itself or an index of the to-be-indicated information. The to-be-indicated information can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where the other information and the to-be-indicated information have an association relationship. The to-be-indicated information can also be indicated only by a part of the to-be-indicated information, and the other part of the to-be-indicated information is known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of a specific information can also be achieved by means of the arrangement order of each information agreed in advance (for example, a protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. In addition, the to-be-indicated information can be sent as a whole, or can be sent separately in multiple sub-information, and the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present application, "sending" and "receiving" represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, "sending information to XX" can be understood as that the destination of the information is XX, which can include direct sending through the air interface, and also includes indirect sending through the air interface by other units or modules. "Receiving information from YY" can be understood as that the source of the information is YY, which can include direct receiving from YY through the air interface, and also can include indirect receiving from YY through the air interface by other units or modules. "Sending" can also be understood as "output" of a chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as "input" of a chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can be performed between devices, for example, between network devices and terminal devices, or can be performed within a device, for example, between components, between modules, between chips, between software modules or hardware modules in the device through a bus, a wire or an interface.

[0117] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplarily", "for example", "such as", "optional", "possible implementation", "possible implementation" or "possible design" are used to represent examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "example" in the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In the embodiments of the present application, "of", "corresponding / relevant" and "corresponding" can be used interchangeably at times, and it should be pointed out that when the difference is not emphasized, the meanings expressed are consistent.

[0118] The application of ML in positioning will be illustrated below with reference to the original schematic diagram of positioning shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, one of the base station and the terminal device is taken as a sender, and the other one is taken as a receiver. The base station is located at position a, and the terminal device is located at position d. The environment where the base station and the terminal device are located includes multiple obstacles, and the multiple obstacles include position b, position c, position e, position f and position g shown in FIG. 1.

[0119] Fig. 1 (1) illustrates an environment between a base station and a terminal device, and specifically illustrates paths between the base station and the terminal device, including path abcd, path abd, path agd and path agfd. In addition, the environment also includes an obstacle located at position e. The obstacle passed by path abcd includes an obstacle located at position b and an obstacle located at position c. The obstacle passed by path abd includes an obstacle located at position b. The obstacle passed by path agd includes an obstacle located at position g. The obstacle passed by path agfd includes an obstacle located at position g and an obstacle located at position f. For example, based on path abcd, path abd, path agd and path agfd, a channel fingerprint between the base station and the terminal device can be determined. The channel fingerprint represents characteristics of a channel between the base station and the terminal device, i.e., represents characteristics of path abcd, path abd, path agd and path agfd. As shown in Fig. 1 (2), the channel fingerprint between the base station and the terminal device can be input into a model, so as to obtain a position of the terminal device.

[0120] Due to changes of some paths, such as a moving obstacle on a path, etc., characteristics of the paths included in the channel are unstable, which leads to poor stability of the determined channel fingerprint, and further leads to poor accuracy of positioning or perception. Please refer to Fig. 2, which is a diagram illustrating characteristics of a path corresponding to a channel at different times. The horizontal axis in Fig. 2 represents time t, and the vertical axis can represent characteristics. Curve 1 in Fig. 2 illustrates characteristics of a path corresponding to a channel at one time, and curve 2 illustrates characteristics of the path corresponding to the channel at another time. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the difference between curve 1 and curve 2 is large, i.e., the characteristics of the path of the channel at different times at the same position are quite different.

[0121] Therefore, embodiments of the present application provide a communication scheme, in which a third device can determine a type of a path (such as a first path) between a first device and a second device, the type reflecting whether the path is a static path or a dynamic path, and the third device sends first information used to determine the type of the first path to a fourth device. In this way, the fourth device can determine the type of the first path based on the first information. In this way, the fourth device can select a more suitable path for positioning or perception based on the first information, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of positioning or perception, such as selecting a static path for positioning or perception, since the characteristics of the static path are more stable, and thus the result of positioning or perception based on the static path is more accurate.

[0122] The solutions provided in this application are applicable to various communication systems including third and fourth devices. The devices involved in this application (such as third or fourth devices) can be one or more equipment, a chip system (such as a chip) or other functional modules within the equipment, or components, etc. This application does not specifically limit the specific form of the device. Other functional modules can be, for example, software modules, hardware modules, or hardware modules running software. The device can also be replaced by equipment, entity, network element, network entity, communication equipment, communication module, node, or communication node, etc., and its name is not specifically limited. The third or fourth devices involved in the various embodiments of this application are merely illustrative of device names and do not limit the specific implementation form of the device.

[0123] Various communication systems, including Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, and 5G (5G) systems. th Generation (5G) (such as new radio (NR) systems), wireless local area network (WLAN) systems, satellite communication systems, side link (SL) communication systems, future evolution communication systems, or integrated systems of multiple communication systems, etc., are not limited to these. SL can also be called side link, side link, direct link, edge link, or auxiliary link, etc. SL includes vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, etc. V2X communication can include: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, etc., without specific limitations.

[0124] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0125] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0126] In the first possible design, as shown in Figure 3(1), the communication system includes a first device, a second device, a third device and a fourth device.

[0127] The first device and the second device can communicate with each other. One of the first device and the second device can be a transmitter, and the other can be a receiver, for example, one of the first device and the second device can be a transmitter of the reference signal, and the other can be a receiver of the reference signal. The first device can be any device that needs to be positioned / sensed, or a device to be positioned / sensed. The position of the second device can be regarded as a reference device for positioning the first device, and the position of the second device can be known. The third device and the fourth device communicate with each other, the third device can determine certain information (such as the first information), and send the information to the fourth device, so that the fourth device can position / sense the first device with the help of the information.

[0128] For example, one of the first device and the second device is one of a terminal device and an access network device, and the other is the other of the terminal device and the access network device. The third device is, for example, a core network device or a module in the core network device. The fourth device is a device for positioning or sensing. The fourth device can be the same as the first device or the second device, or a device other than the first device and the second device, which is not limited. For example, the fourth device is a network device or a module in the network device. The network device is, for example, an access network device or a core network device. The core network device is, for example, an existing network element in the core network, or a newly added network element in the core network, which is not specifically limited.

[0129] Example 1: The first device is a terminal device, the second device is an access network device, the third device is an AMF, and the fourth device is an LMF.

[0130] Example 2: The first device is an access network device, the second device is a terminal device, the third device is an AMF, and the fourth device is an LMF.

[0131] In a second possible design, as shown in (2) of FIG. 3, the communication system includes the second device, the third device (or the first device) and the fourth device. Compared with (1) of FIG. 3, (2) of FIG. 3 takes the third device and the first device as the same device as an example. That is, the third device (or the first device) means that the third device and the first device are the same device.

[0132] Under this design, the third device can implement the functions of the third device and the first device involved in (1) of FIG. 3. The functions of the second device and the fourth device can still refer to the functions of the second device and the fourth device shown in (1) of FIG. 3, which are not listed here.

[0133] For example, the first device and the third device are terminal devices or modules in terminal devices, and the second device is a network device or a module in a network device. Alternatively, the first device and the third device are network devices or modules in network devices, and the second device is a terminal device or a module in a terminal device. The network device is, for example, an access network device or a core network device. The core network device is, for example, an existing network element in a core network or a newly added network element in the core network, and is not specifically limited. The implementation of the fourth device can refer to the content of the fourth device shown in (1) of FIG. 3.

[0134] Example 3: The first device and the third device are terminal devices, the second device is an access network device, and the fourth device is an LMF, an SMF, an integrated result of the LMF and the SMF, or an SMC.

[0135] Example 4: The first device and the third device are access network devices, the second device is a terminal device, and the fourth device is an LMF, an SMF, an integrated result of the LMF and the SMF, or an SMC.

[0136] Example 5: The first device and the third device are terminal devices, the second device is a DU, and the fourth device is a CU / RIC.

[0137] Example 6: The first device and the third device are DUs, the second device is a terminal device, and the fourth device is a CU / RIC.

[0138] In a third possible design, as shown in (3) of FIG. 3, the communication system includes a first device, a third device (or a second device), and a fourth device. Compared with (1) of FIG. 3, (3) of FIG. 3 takes the third device and the second device as the same device as an example. That is, the third device (or the second device) represents that the third device and the second device are the same device.

[0139] In this design, the third device can implement the functions of the third device and the second device involved in (1) of FIG. 3. The functions of the first device and the fourth device can still refer to the functions of the first device and the fourth device shown in (1) of FIG. 3, which are not listed here.

[0140] For example, the second device and the third device are terminal devices or modules in terminal devices, and the first device is a network device or a module in a network device. Alternatively, the second device and the third device are network devices or modules in network devices, and the first device is a terminal device or a module in a terminal device. The implementation of the fourth device can refer to the content of the fourth device shown in (1) of FIG. 3.

[0141] Example 7: The first device is a terminal device, the second device and the third device are access network devices, and the fourth device is an LMF, an SMF, an integrated result of the LMF and the SMF, or an SMC.

[0142] Example 8, the first device is a terminal device, the second device and the third device are both DUs, and the fourth device is a CU / RIC.

[0143] Example 9, the first device is a DU, the second device and the third device are both terminal devices, and the fourth device is a CU / RIC.

[0144] The above examples 1 to 9 are only examples of the implementation of each device, and do not actually limit the specific implementation (or form) of each device.

[0145] In one possible implementation, the first device and the second device can be different devices, or can be the same device. In the case where the first device and the second device are the same, it can be considered that the sender and the receiver of the signal are the same party, that is, the sender of the signal is also the receiver of the signal.

[0146] For example, the sender sends a signal, which is affected (e.g., reflected) by the obstacle 1 and the obstacle 2 to obtain an affected signal (e.g., a return signal), and the affected signal is transmitted to the sender. The reflected signal can also be referred to as a return signal corresponding to the signal. The affected signal can be understood as a signal obtained after the reference signal is reflected, refracted, diffracted, or scattered by the obstacle.

[0147] The terminal device can access a communication system and has a corresponding communication function device or module. The terminal device can be considered as a device with wireless transceiving function, which can be a fixed device, a mobile device, a handheld device, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or a wireless device (e.g., a communication module or a chip system) built in the above devices. The terminal device is usually provided with a communication module, circuit or chip for executing the corresponding communication function. The terminal device is also configured with program instructions for executing the corresponding communication function.

[0148] The terminal device is used to connect people, things, machines, etc., and can be widely used in various scenarios, for example, including but not limited to the following scenarios: cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), machine-to-machine / machine-type communications (M2M / MTC), internet of things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, unmanned aerial vehicle, robot, etc. For example, the terminal device is a mobile station (MS), a subscriber unit, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a handset, a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a tag, a transport vehicle (such as a smart car) with a wireless communication function, a communication module, or a roadside unit (RSU) with a terminal function, etc. The terminal device can be referred to as a user equipment (UE), a terminal, an access station, a UE station, a remote station, a wireless communication device, or a user apparatus, etc.

[0149] The network device includes, for example, an access network device (or, an access network apparatus / access network network element), and / or a core network device (or, a core network apparatus / core network network element).

[0150] The access network device is a device with wireless transceiver function, used for communicating with the terminal device. The access network device includes but is not limited to the base station (BTS, Node B, eNodeB / eNB, or gNodeB / gNB), transmit / receive point (TRP), base station of subsequent evolution of 3GPP, access node in wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, satellite or unmanned aerial vehicle, etc. in the communication system. The TRP can be a device or module located at the network side of the communication system and having corresponding communication function. The TRP is usually provided with a communication module, circuit or chip for performing corresponding communication function. The TRP is also provided with program instructions for performing corresponding communication function and corresponding program instructions. The base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, pico base station, small station, relay station, etc. Multiple base stations can support the network of the same access technology mentioned above, or support the network of different access technologies mentioned above. The base station can include one or more co-sited or non-co-sited transmission / reception points. The access network device can also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (C(R)AN) scenario, CU, also known as a convergence unit, and / or DU, etc. The access network device can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the access network device in V2X technology can be an RSU. The following describes the access network device as an example of a base station. Multiple access network devices in the communication system can be the same type of base station or different types of base stations. The base station can communicate with the terminal device, or communicate with the terminal device through the relay station. The terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies.

[0151] In the case that the access network device comprises a CU and / or a DU. The CU and the DU can be understood as a division of the access network device from a logical function perspective. The CU and the DU can be physically separated or deployed together, and the embodiments of the present application do not make a specific limitation thereon. One CU can be connected with one DU, or a plurality of DUs can share one CU. The CU and the DU can be divided according to a protocol stack, and one possible way is that a radio resource control (RRC), a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer are deployed in the CU, and a radio link control (RLC) layer, a media access control (MAC) layer and a physical layer are deployed in the DU. The embodiments of the present application do not completely limit the CU and the DU to be divided according to the above protocol stack, and other division manners can also be used, for example, division according to a service type.

[0152] The access network device in the embodiments of the present application can also refer to a central unit control plane (CU-CP) node or a central unit user plane (CU-UP) node, or comprise the CU-CP and the CU-UP. The CU-CP is responsible for control plane functions, mainly including an RRC and a PDCP control plane (C) (which can be abbreviated as PDCP-C). The PDCP-C is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, data transmission and the like. The CU-UP is responsible for user plane functions, mainly including an SDAP and a PDCP user plane (U) (which can be abbreviated as PDCP-U). The SDAP is mainly responsible for processing data of a core network and mapping a flow to a bearer. The PDCP-U is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of a data plane, integrity protection, header compression, sequence number maintenance, data transmission and the like.

[0153] In different systems, the CU (including CU-CP or CU-UP) or DU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) system, the CU can also be referred to as an open central unit (O-CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, and the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP.

[0154] The core network device is configured to implement at least one of the functions of mobile management, data processing, session management, policy and charging, etc. The names of devices implementing core network functions in systems of different access technologies can be different, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Taking the 5G system as an example, the core network device includes: AMF, user plane function (UPF) or LMF, etc.

[0155] Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 4 illustrates a terminal device, a RAN (such as including a first access network device and a second access network device) and some core network elements. The core network elements illustrated in FIG. 4 include AMF and LMF. FIG. 4 also illustrates SMF. Optionally, the SMF can also be deployed in the core network, i.e., belongs to the core network element.

[0156] The first access network device and the second access network device can be the same type of access network device, for example, both are gNB or next generation (NG)-eNB (i.e., ng-eNB). The ng-eNB is a base station of LTE, and the ng-eNB can include one or more transmission points (TPs). The gNB is a base station of NR, and the gNB can include one or more TRPs. The ng-eNB and the gNB can communicate through the Xn interface.

[0157] Alternatively, the first access network device and the second access network device are different types of access network devices. For example, one of the first access network device and the second access network device includes an ng-eNB, and the other is a gNB, for example.

[0158] The terminal device communicates with the access network through a Uu link, for example, the terminal device can communicate with the ng-eNB through LTE-Uu, and communicate with the gNB through the NR-Uu link. The access network communicates with the AMF through the NG-C interface, and the AMF is equivalent to a router for the access network to communicate with the LMF. The AMF communicates with the LMF through the NLs (such as NL1) interface.

[0159] In a possible implementation, one of the terminal device and the access network (e.g., the ng-eNB and / or the gNB) can serve as an implementation of the first apparatus, and the other of the terminal device and the access network can serve as another implementation of the second apparatus. The third apparatus is the same as the first apparatus or the second apparatus, for example. The LMF can serve as an implementation of the fourth apparatus.

[0160] In another possible implementation, the SMF and the LMF in FIG. 4 can be the same network element, or the SMF and the LMF can be integrated together. In this case, the fourth apparatus is the integrated result of the LMF and the SMF, for example.

[0161] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the communication system includes a terminal device, a RAN (e.g., including a first access network device and a second access network device), and an SMC. The first access network device and the second access network device can be the same as the first access network device and the second access network device discussed with reference to FIG. 4. The first access network device and the second access network device can communicate with each other through an Xn interface. The SMC is connected to the first access network device and the second access network device through an interface, respectively. The first access network device and the second access network device can also be connected to different SMCs, respectively. Optionally, the communication system further includes an SMF. Optionally, the SMF can communicate with the SMC.

[0162] The SMF shown in FIG. 5 is an example of an implementation in which the user plane and the control plane are not separated. In actual applications, the user plane and the control plane of the SMF can also be separated, and the SMF includes an SF-C and an SF-U. Optionally, the SMC includes an SC-C and an SC-U. The SC-C communicates with the SF-C, and the SC-U communicates with the SF-U. Alternatively, only the SC-C and the SF-C communicate, and no limitation is made in this regard. Optionally, the SMC can include or can be replaced by a sensing control function (SCF).

[0163] In the communication system shown in FIG. 5, the SMC can directly communicate with the SMF, or the SMC can communicate with the SMF through a UPF and an AMF, and no limitation is made in this regard. Optionally, the SMC belongs to a network element in the access network.

[0164] One of the terminal device and the access network (e.g., the first access network device or the second access network device) involved in FIG. 5 can serve as an implementation of the first apparatus, and the other of the terminal device and the access network (e.g., the first access network device or the second access network device) can serve as another implementation of the second apparatus. The third apparatus is the same as the first apparatus or the second apparatus, for example. The SMF or the SMC can serve as an implementation of the fourth apparatus.

[0165] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 6, the communication system includes a terminal device, a RAN (a first access network device and a second access network device), an AMF and an SMF. The first access network device and the second access network device can refer to the content of the first access network device and the second access network device discussed in Fig. 4. The first access network device and the second access network device communicate with each other through an Xn interface. The SMC is deployed or integrated on the first access network device. The first access network device and the second access network device are both connected with the AMF through an NG-C interface. Optionally, the communication system further includes an SMF. The second access network device is connected with the SMF through the AMF.

[0166] When the first access network device adopts the separated architecture of CU and DU, the SMC can be deployed or integrated on the CU or the DU, which is not limited.

[0167] One of the terminal device and the access network (e.g., the first access network device or the second access network device) involved in Fig. 6 can be an implementation of the first apparatus, and the other of the terminal device and the access network (e.g., the first access network device or the second access network device) can be another implementation of the second apparatus. The third apparatus is, for example, the first apparatus, the second apparatus or the AMF. The SMF, the SMC or the first access network device can be an implementation of the fourth apparatus.

[0168] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an open architecture access network according to an embodiment of the present application. The architecture includes a service management and orchestration framework (SMO), a Non-RT RIC, a Near-RT RIC, an O-CU, an O-DU, an open-RAN radio unit (O-RU) and an open-RAN cloud (O-Cloud) (or simply referred to as an open cloud), etc. The O-CU includes an open-RAN central unit control plane (O-CU-CP) and an open-RAN central unit user plane (O-CU-UP).

[0169] The functions of the above-mentioned parts will be introduced as follows.

[0170] 1. Non-RT RIC, for non-real-time intelligent management of RAN functions. It can implement artificial intelligence (AI) AI / machine learning (ML) workflows including model training and model updating, and guide applications / functions in Near-RT RIC based on policies. The Non-RT RIC is located in the SMO.

[0171] 2. Near-RT RIC, for near-real-time intelligent management of RAN. It implements near-real-time control and optimization of modules and resources of O-RAN through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface.

[0172] 3. O-CU, to implement the RRC layer, the PDCP layer, and the SDAP layer and other control functions in the 3GPP standard.

[0173] 4. O-CU-CP, similar to the CU-CP in the NR system, to implement the functions of the RRC layer and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer.

[0174] 5. O-CU-UP, similar to the CU-UP in the NR system, to implement the functions of the SDAP layer and the user plane functions of the PDCP layer.

[0175] 6. O-DU, based on low-layer function splitting, to implement the RLC layer, the MAC layer, and the higher physical layer (Higher PHY) in the 3GPP standard. The higher physical layer functions include one or more of the following: forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding, scrambling / descrambling, or modulation / demodulation.

[0176] 7. O-RU, based on low-layer function split, used to implement the lower physical layer (Lower PHY) functions and radio frequency functions in the 3GPP standard. The lower physical layer functions include one or more of the following: fast fourier transform (FFT) transform / inverse fast fourier transformation (iFFT) transform, digital beamforming, or extraction and filtering of a physical random access channel (PRACH), etc. Similar to the transmission reception point (TRP) or remote radio head (RRH) in 3GPP, but including lower physical layer functions such as FFT / iFFT or PRACH extraction.

[0177] 8. O-Cloud, as a cloud computing platform, including physical infrastructure nodes for hosting O-RAN functions such as RIC, O-DU, etc.; supporting software components (such as operating systems, virtual machine monitors, container runtimes), management and orchestration functions.

[0178] The interfaces between the above-mentioned various parts are described below.

[0179] The interface between the Non-RT RIC and the Near-RT RIC can be an A1 interface. The A1 interface is used for intelligent and dynamic control of the O-RAN internal radio resources. The Non-RT RIC provides policies, rich information, and ML model updates, etc. to the Near-RT RIC through the A1 interface, and the Near-RT RIC provides policy feedback to the Non-RT RIC through the A1 interface.

[0180] The interface between the Near-RT RIC and the RAN node is an E2 interface. The E2 interface is an open interface between two endpoints. The RAN node includes, for example, the CU, DU in 5G, the O-RAN compatible eNB in 4G, the O-CU (O-CU-CP and / or O-CU-UP) and / or O-DU in O-RAN, etc. The RIC can obtain RAN node data collection and feedback through the E2 node, and the RAN node can obtain control feedback of the Near-RT RIC through the E2 node.

[0181] The interface between the management entity in the SMO and the O-RAN module is the O1 interface. The O1 interface is used for operation management, through which fault, configuration, accounting, performance, security (FCAPS) management, software management, and file management are realized. The interface between the SMO and the infrastructure management framework supporting the O-RAN virtual network function is the O2 interface.

[0182] Real-time control between the O-DU and the O-RU can be realized through a control plane (C-Plane / CP), for example, the control plane is used for the O-DU to transmit the weight value when performing beamforming to the O-RU, or for the O-DU to perform power control on the O-RU, etc. Transmission of communication data between the access network device and the terminal between the DU and the RU can be realized through a user plane (U-Plane / UP). The O-DU provides clock synchronization to the O-RU, which can be realized through a synthesis plane (S-Plane / SP). The control plane, the user plane, and the synchronization plane interface are, for example, the open fronthaul (O-Fronthaul) CUS-Plane interface, or in other words, the open fronthaul CUS-Plane interface includes the control plane C-Plane, the user plane U-Plane, and the synchronization plane S-Plane interface.

[0183] The interface between the NR RAN device (such as a base station, a CU, a CU-CP, or a CU-UP) and the NR core network is the NG interface. NG-u is the user plane NG interface, and NG-c is the control plane NG interface.

[0184] The interface between the NR RAN device (such as a base station, a CU, a CU-CP, or a CU-UP) is, for example, the Xn interface. Xn-u is the user plane Xn interface, and Xn-c is the control plane Xn interface.

[0185] The interface between the LTE RAN device is the X2 interface. X2-u is the user plane X2 interface, and X2-c is the control plane X2 interface. In NR, the X2 interface is mainly used in the evolved universal terrestrial radio access new radio dual connectivity (E-UTRA-NR DC / EN-DC) scenario, in which the master station is an LTE RAN device, and the master station is connected to the LTE core network through the X2 interface.

[0186] The interface between the CU-CP and the CU-UP is an E1 interface. The interface between the CU-CP and the DU is an F1-C interface. The interface between the CU-UP and the DU is an F1-U interface.

[0187] Optionally, the terminal device involved in FIG. 7 can be an implementation manner of the first device. The O-CU can be an implementation manner of the second device or the third device, and the Non-RT RIC and / or the Near-RT RIC can be an implementation manner of the fourth device. Alternatively, the O-CU can be an implementation manner of the second device or the third device, and the Non-RT RIC can be an implementation manner of the fourth device. Alternatively, the O-DU can be an implementation manner of the second device or the third device, and the O-CU can be an implementation manner of the fourth device.

[0188] The above FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 are used to exemplarily introduce the communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applied, and actually do not limit the communication system to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.

[0189] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0190] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the various embodiments of the present application, the steps represented by the dashed lines are optional steps. In addition, the first device involved in the various embodiments of the present application is, for example, the first device involved in FIG. 3, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 4, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 5, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 6, or the access network involved in FIG. 7, the second device is, for example, the second device involved in FIG. 3, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 4, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 5, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 6, or the access network involved in FIG. 7, the third device is, for example, the third device involved in FIG. 3, the terminal device, the access network device, the AMF or the SMF, etc. involved in FIG. 4, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 5, the terminal device or the access network device involved in FIG. 6, the O-CU or the O-DU involved in FIG. 7, or the CU or the DU, etc., the fourth device is, for example, the fourth device involved in FIG. 3, the SMF and / or the LMF involved in FIG. 4, the SMC or the SMF involved in FIG. 5, the SMF or the SMC or the first access network device involved in FIG. 6, or the Non-RT RIC, the Near-RT RIC, the CU or the O-CU, etc. involved in FIG. 7. In addition, with the continuous evolution of standards, the name and / or function of the device or equipment, etc. may change, which is not limited.

[0191] Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The steps involved in FIG. 8 will be introduced below.

[0192] S801, the third device determines first information.

[0193] For example, the first information is used to determine a type of the first path, the type including a static path or a dynamic path, the first path being a transmission path of a signal between the first device and the second device. The first path may, for example, belong to an NLOS path or an LOS path. The path between the first device and the second device for transmitting the signal can be one or more paths, and the first path can be part or all of the one or more paths. For ease of description, the following mainly takes the first path as one of the one or more paths as an example for description. Optionally, in addition to being used to determine the type of the first path, the first information can also be used to determine the type of other paths in addition to the first path in the one or more paths, which is not limited herein. The content of the first information used to determine the type of the other paths can refer to the content of the first information used to determine the type of the first path, which is not listed one by one herein.

[0194] The type of the path includes a static path or a dynamic path, in other words, the static path and the dynamic path can be regarded as a result of classification of the type of the path, which can be alternatively described as that the path is classified into the static path and the dynamic path. The static path can also be referred to as a first type, a static type, a fixed type, a stable type, a stable path, a stable path, a non-dynamic path, or a non-dynamic type, and the like, and the name thereof is not limited. The dynamic path can also be referred to as a second type, a dynamic type, a mobile type, a change type, a change path, a change path, an unstable type, an unstable path, an unstable path, a non-static path, or a non-static type, and the like, and the name thereof is not limited. The static path has higher stability than the dynamic path, for example, the static path has higher characteristic stability than the dynamic path, or the stability of an obstacle through which the static path passes is higher than the stability of an obstacle through which the dynamic path passes, or the possibility of change (such as movement) of the obstacle through which the static path passes is lower than the possibility of change (such as movement) of the obstacle through which the dynamic path passes. The static path and the dynamic path are introduced respectively as follows.

[0195] The static path can satisfy at least one of A1 to A4 as follows. Or the type of the path satisfying at least one of A1 to A4 as follows is the static path.

[0196] A1, the obstacle through which the path passes is stationary. The obstacle through which the path passes can include the following B1 or B2, which are introduced respectively as follows.

[0197] B1, the obstacle through which the path passes can be all obstacles through which the path passes.

[0198] Under B1, all the obstacles through which the static path passes are static, or it can be described that the type of the path is static path if all the obstacles through which the path passes are static, or it can be described that the static path does not pass through the moving obstacles, or it can be described that the static path does not exist the moving obstacles, and the like.

[0199] Due to the change of the environment, the motion state of the obstacle can be not fixed, so that all the obstacles through which the static path passes are static as referred to by B1 can be understood as that all the obstacles through which the static path passes are static within a first time length, or it can be understood as that the obstacles through which the static path passes are static for R times of transmission. The R times of transmission refers to that the signal between the third device and the fourth device is transmitted R times based on the static path. R is a positive integer, and R is for example 1, 2 or 3, and the like. In the case where R is greater than 1, the obstacles through which the static path passes can be the same in any two of the R times of transmission. The first time length can be pre-stored in the third device, or pre-configured or pre-defined in the third device (for example, pre-defined in the third device through a protocol), or can be determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device.

[0200] B2, the obstacles through which the path passes can be part of the obstacles through which the path passes. The number of the part of the obstacles can be one or more, and no limitation is made thereto.

[0201] Under B2, part of the obstacles through which the static path passes are static, or it can be described that the type of the path is static path if part of the obstacles through which the path passes are static. The part of the obstacles can be the obstacles through which the path passes and which satisfy condition 1. Condition 1 is for example that the obstacles are a specific type of obstacles, for example, are movable obstacles, or are reflective obstacles (i.e., reflectors), and the like, and is specifically for example vehicles. Or, condition 1 is that a certain number of the obstacles through which the path passes satisfy a certain proportion, for example, 1 / 2. Or, condition 1 is the Qth obstacle through which the path passes, Q being a positive integer, for example, condition 1 is the first obstacle through which the path passes, or the last obstacle through which the path passes.

[0202] A2, the moving speed of the obstacles through which the path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold value. The third device can obtain the first threshold value in the following manner: for example, the third device pre-stores the first threshold value, or the third device pre-configures or pre-defines the first threshold value, or the third device and the fourth device negotiate to determine the first threshold value, or the fourth device issues (or indicates) the first threshold value to the third device. The first threshold value is for example 1 meter per second (m / s) or 5 m / s, and the like. The moving speed of the obstacles can be the moving speed of the obstacles relative to a certain reference, for example, the ground, the first device or the second device, and the like, or can also be the absolute speed.

[0203] A3, the Doppler shift corresponding to the path is less than or equal to a second threshold. The third device can obtain the second threshold in the following ways: for example, the third device pre-stores the second threshold, or the third device pre-configures or pre-defines the second threshold, or the third device and the fourth device negotiate to determine the second threshold, or the fourth device issues (or indicates) the second threshold to the third device. The second threshold is, for example, 500 Hertz (Hz) or 1000 Hz, etc. The Doppler shift corresponding to the path can be understood as the Doppler shift, such as phase shift or frequency shift, corresponding to the signal transmitted through the path. The Doppler shift corresponding to the path can be the Doppler shift of the path corresponding to K transmissions. When K is greater than 1, the Doppler shift corresponding to the path can be the mean, minimum or maximum of the Doppler shift of the path corresponding to K transmissions, etc. The R involved in K and A1 can be the same or different.

[0204] A4, the number of measurements of the path is greater than or equal to a third threshold. The third device can obtain the third threshold in the following ways: for example, the third device pre-stores the third threshold, or the third device pre-configures or pre-defines the third threshold, or the third device and the fourth device negotiate to determine the third threshold, or the fourth device issues (or indicates) the third threshold to the third device. The third threshold is, for example, 2, 3, 4, or 5, etc.

[0205] The number of measurements of the path is the number of times the path is measured in the multiple measurements, and the multiple measurements include N measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device. N is a positive integer greater than 1. Alternatively, the multiple measurements include measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window. The first time window can be pre-stored in the third device, or can be determined by the third device and the fourth device, or can be issued by the fourth device to the third device, or can be configured by the fourth device to the third device, without limitation. The first time window can be one or more periods of measuring the reference signal, or can be a period of measuring the reference signal, etc., without specific limitation.

[0206] Optionally, the number of measurements of the path can be the cumulative number of times the path is measured in the multiple measurements. Alternatively, it can be the number of times the path is continuously (or continuously) measured in the multiple measurements.

[0207] In the case where the number of measurements of the path is the number of times the path is continuously measured in the multiple measurements, and the third threshold is the total number of multiple measurements, the static path can be described as the path continuously measured in the multiple measurements, and the dynamic path can be described as the path not continuously measured in the multiple measurements.

[0208] For example, the third device makes 5 measurements, i.e. N=5, the third device measures the path 1 for 4 times, i.e. the measurement times of the path is 4, the third threshold is 2, then the path 1 is a static path. Or, the third device measures the path 1 for 3 times continuously, i.e. the measurement times of the path is 3, the third threshold is 3, then the path 1 is a static path.

[0209] The dynamic path can satisfy at least one of C1 to C4. Or the type of the path which can be described as satisfying at least one of C1 to C4 is a dynamic path.

[0210] C1, the motion (or movement) of the obstacle through which the path passes. The content of the obstacle through which the path passes can refer to the content of the obstacle through which the path passes discussed in A1, and the repeated part will not be listed.

[0211] All the obstacles through which the dynamic path passes are in motion, or the type of the path which can be described as all the obstacles through which the path passes are in motion is a dynamic path, or the dynamic path does not pass through static obstacles, or the dynamic path does not exist static obstacles, etc.

[0212] Or, part of the obstacles through which the dynamic path passes are in motion, or the type of the path which can be described as part of the obstacles through which the path passes are in motion is a dynamic path. The part of the obstacles can be the obstacles through which the path passes which satisfy condition 1. The content of condition 1 can refer to the content of condition 1, and the repeated part will not be listed.

[0213] C2, the moving speed of the obstacle through which the path passes is greater than a fourth threshold. The third device can obtain the fourth threshold in the following ways: for example, the third device pre-stores the fourth threshold, or the third device pre-configures or pre-defines the fourth threshold, or the third device and the fourth device negotiate to determine the fourth threshold, or the fourth device issues (or indicates) the fourth threshold to the third device. The fourth threshold can be equal to the first threshold, or the fourth threshold is less than the first threshold.

[0214] The content of the obstacle through which the path passes can refer to the content of the obstacle through which the path passes involved in the foregoing A1, which will not be listed here. In the case where the fourth threshold is equal to the first threshold, in another possible implementation, the moving speed of the obstacle through which the path passes is equal to the fourth threshold, and the type of the path can be a dynamic path.

[0215] C3, the Doppler shift corresponding to the path is greater than a fifth threshold. The third device can obtain the fifth threshold in the following ways: for example, the third device pre-stores the fifth threshold, or the third device pre-configures or pre-defines the fifth threshold, or the third device and the fourth device negotiate to determine the fifth threshold, or the fourth device issues (or indicates) the fifth threshold to the third device. The fifth threshold can be equal to the second threshold, or the fifth threshold is less than the second threshold. The content of the Doppler shift corresponding to the path can refer to the content discussed in the foregoing, and the repeated parts will not be listed.

[0216] In the case where the fifth threshold is equal to the second threshold, in another possible implementation, the moving speed of the obstacle through which the path passes is equal to the fifth threshold, and then the type of the path is a dynamic path.

[0217] C4, the number of measurements of the path is less than a sixth threshold. The third device can obtain the sixth threshold in the following ways: for example, the third device pre-stores the sixth threshold, or the third device pre-configures or pre-defines the sixth threshold, or the third device and the fourth device negotiate to determine the sixth threshold, or the fourth device issues (or indicates) the sixth threshold to the third device. The sixth threshold can be equal to the third threshold, or the sixth threshold is less than the third threshold. The content of the number of measurements of the path can refer to the content of the number of measurements of the path discussed in the foregoing, and the repeated parts will not be listed.

[0218] In the case where the sixth threshold is equal to the third threshold, in another possible implementation, the moving speed of the obstacle through which the path passes is equal to the sixth threshold, and then the type of the path is a dynamic path.

[0219] The first information can be carried in signal measurement information or other messages, which is not limited. The content of the first information will be introduced below in combination with the content shown in D1 to D3. Any one of D1 to D3 can be understood as one implementation manner of the content of the first information, or can be understood as one implementation manner of the first information for determining the type of the first path.

[0220] D1, the first information indicates (or is used to determine) that the first path belongs to a static path or a dynamic path.

[0221] In the first design, the first information indicates the type of the first path through a field.

[0222] In a possible implementation, the first information includes a first field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a static path; or the first information does not include the first field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a dynamic path. Alternatively, the first information includes the first field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a dynamic path; or the first information does not include the first field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a static path.

[0223] In another possible implementation, the first information includes a first field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a static path; or the first information includes a second field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a dynamic path. Alternatively, the first information includes the first field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a dynamic path; or the first information includes the second field, and the first information indicates that the first path is a static path. The first field and the second field are two different fields.

[0224] In a second design, the first information indicates the type of the first path by using at least one bit.

[0225] In a possible implementation, the at least one bit has a first value, and the first path is a static path. Alternatively, the at least one bit has a second value, and the first path is a dynamic path. For example, the at least one bit includes one bit, one of the first value and the second value is 0, and the other is 1. For example, the bit has a value of 0, indicating that the first path is a static path, or the bit has a value of 1, indicating that the first path is a dynamic path. Alternatively, the bit has a value of 0, indicating that the first path is a dynamic path, or the bit has a value of 1, indicating that the first path is a static path.

[0226] Optionally, when the first information is used to determine the types of a plurality of paths, the first information can include a bitmap (or a bit pattern), and each bit in the bitmap is used to indicate the type of each path in the plurality of paths. For example, a first bitmap is 1001, a first value is 0, and a second value is 1, indicating that a first path is a dynamic path, a second path and a third path are static paths, and a fourth path is a dynamic path.

[0227] In another possible implementation, the at least one bit has a value in a first value range, and the first path is a static path. The at least one bit has a value in a second value range, and the first path is a dynamic path. For example, the at least one bit includes four bits, the first value range is, for example, 0 to 8, and the second value range is, for example, 8-15.

[0228] Optionally, the at least one bit in the second design described above can be a bit corresponding to one or more fields in the first information.

[0229] In D1, the first information can explicitly indicate the type of the first path, facilitating the fourth device to intuitively determine the type of the first path.

[0230] D2, the first information indicates (or is used to determine) the probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or the probability that the first path belongs to a dynamic path.

[0231] For example, at least one bit in the first information indicates the probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or the probability that the first path belongs to a dynamic path. For example, the probability that the first path belongs to a static path is 0.6, and the probability that the first path belongs to a dynamic path is 0.4. The probability can also be understood or replaced as a likelihood or a proportion of belonging to a certain type, etc.

[0232] In D2, the first information can reflect the probability that the first path belongs to a static path or a dynamic path, so that the fourth device can obtain more information about the first path, and the fourth device can select a more suitable path for positioning or perception, etc. in combination with the information, so as to improve the accuracy of positioning or perception.

[0233] D3, the first information indicates (or is used to determine) that the first path satisfies a first condition or does not satisfy the first condition. The first condition represents a condition that the type of the path satisfies.

[0234] The first condition can be pre-stored in the third device, or determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device, or pre-configured or pre-defined (such as configured in the third device by a protocol), or indicated by the fourth device to the third device. For example, at least one bit in the first information indicates that the first path satisfies the first condition or does not satisfy the first condition. For example, if the value of the at least one bit is a third value, it indicates that the first path satisfies the first condition, and if the value of the at least one bit is a fourth value, it indicates that the first path does not satisfy the first condition. One of the third value and the fourth value can be 0, and the other can be 1.

[0235] In a possible implementation, the fourth device can send second information to the third device. Correspondingly, the third device receives the second information from the fourth device.

[0236] For example, the second information indicates whether the third device sends information about whether the path satisfies the first condition. In this case, the first information can indicate that the first path satisfies the first condition or does not satisfy the first condition. For example, if the first condition is that the type of the path is a static path, then the first information can indicate that the first path satisfies or does not satisfy the first condition, i.e., the type of the first path is a static path or not. Or, if the first condition is that the type of the path is a dynamic path, then the first information can indicate that the first path satisfies or does not satisfy the first condition, i.e., the type of the first path is a dynamic path or not.

[0237] Alternatively, the second information indicates information for the third device to send a path satisfying the first condition. In this case, the first path satisfies the first condition. For example, the first condition is that the type of the path is a static path, and the type of the first path is a static path. Accordingly, the second information indicates information for the third device to report a path belonging to a static path, or the second information indicates information for the third device to not report a path belonging to a dynamic path. For another example, the first condition is that the type of the path is a dynamic path, and the type of the first path is a dynamic path. Accordingly, the second information indicates information for the third device to report a path belonging to a dynamic path, or the second information indicates information for the third device to not report a path belonging to a static path.

[0238] In D3, the first information can reflect information indicating that the first path satisfies or does not satisfy the first condition, which is equivalent to providing more targeted first information, so that the third device can report relatively less path information to reduce the reporting amount of the third device.

[0239] Regardless of which one of D1 to D3 the first information is, the first information can further indicate a parameter of the first path and / or an identification (ID) of the first path. The content of the parameter of the first path can refer to the parameter of the path discussed above, and the repeated part will not be listed. The parameter of the first path includes, for example, an angle of departure and a delay of the first path, for example, the angle of departure of the first path is 108 degrees (°), and the delay is 100 nanoseconds (ns). The identification of the first path can be the parameter of the first path, or can be an identification of a reference signal resource corresponding to the first path, which is used to measure the first path.

[0240] Optionally, the first information can further indicate a parameter of a LOS path between the first device and the second device, and / or a position of the second device. Alternatively, the LOS path can also belong to a static path or a dynamic path, in which case the first path can include the LOS path.

[0241] The third device can obtain the first information from other devices (such as the first device or the second device, etc.), so that the third device determines the first information. Alternatively, the third device can determine the first information by itself. The following will exemplarily introduce the way in which the third device determines the first information by itself. The content of the first information is different, and the way in which the third device determines the first information is also different, which will be introduced in combination with E1 to E3 respectively.

[0242] E1, the first information indicates that the first path belongs to a static path or a dynamic path.

[0243] Under E1, the third device can determine the type of the first path, and after determining the type of the first path, the first information can be correspondingly obtained.

[0244] In one possible design, the third device can determine that the first path satisfies the second condition, and thus determine that the first path belongs to the static path, or the third device can determine that the first path does not satisfy the second condition, and thus determine that the first path does not belong to the static path. In another possible design, the third device can determine that the first path satisfies the third condition, and thus determine that the first path belongs to the dynamic path, or the third device can determine that the first path does not satisfy the third condition, and thus determine that the first path does not belong to the dynamic path.

[0245] The second condition includes at least one of the following: a moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold, a Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold, or a number of measurements of the first path is greater than or equal to a third threshold. The number of measurements of the first path refers to a number of times that the first path is measured in a plurality of measurements, which can be referred to as the content discussed above. The third condition includes at least one of the following: the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold, the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is greater than a fifth threshold, or the number of measurements of the first path is less than a sixth threshold.

[0246] The second condition and the third condition can be pre-stored in the third device, or determined by the third device and the fourth device, or pre-configured or pre-defined (e.g., configured in the third device by a protocol), or indicated by the fourth device to the third device, which is not limited.

[0247] The second condition and / or the third condition are different, and the third device determines the first path to belong to the static or dynamic path in different manners. Examples are given below.

[0248] F1. The second condition includes that the number of measurements of the first path is greater than or equal to the third threshold, and / or the third condition includes that the number of measurements of the first path is less than the sixth threshold.

[0249] For example, the third device determines the type of the first path based on the number of times that the first path is measured in a plurality of measurements (i.e., the number of measurements of the first path). If the number of measurements of the first path is greater than or equal to the third threshold, the type of the first path is the static path, and if the number of measurements of the first path is less than the sixth threshold, the type of the first path is the dynamic path.

[0250] The number of measurements of the first path refers to a number of times corresponding to the first path, which can also be referred to as a first number, and the number of measurements of the path in the foregoing refers to a number of times corresponding to the path in general, or the number of measurements of the first path is an example of the number of measurements of the path.

[0251] Optionally, the measurement number of the first path involved in F1 refers to the number of times that one path is measured in multiple measurements. In other words, F1 can be applied to the case where the first path is one path. If the first path includes multiple paths, any one path of the multiple paths can be determined as a static path if the measurement number of the first path corresponding to the any one path is greater than or equal to the third threshold value. If the measurement number of the first path corresponding to the any one path is less than the third threshold value, the any one path is determined as a dynamic path.

[0252] Optionally, the number of multiple measurements is N, in which case the measurement number of the first path can be described as the number of times that the first path is measured in N measurements. In other words, the multiple measurements can be regarded as multiple measurements with a fixed number of times. N can be a preset value or a fixed value. N can be preset in the third device, or determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device, or issued by the fourth device to the third device, or preconfigured or predefined in the third device (such as preconfigured by a protocol), without limitation.

[0253] Alternatively, the multiple measurements are measurements performed within a first time window, in which case the measurement number of the first path can be described as the number of times that the first path is measured within the first time window. In other words, the multiple measurements can be regarded as multiple measurements performed within a certain time length, but the number of measurements within the first time window can not be fixed. The first time window can be a preset or fixed time window. The first time window can be preset in the third device, or determined by negotiation between the third device and the fourth device, or issued by the fourth device to the third device, or preconfigured or predefined in the third device (such as preconfigured by a protocol), without limitation.

[0254] For example, the third device performs multiple measurements on the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device respectively, thereby obtaining multiple measurement results, wherein each measurement result corresponds to one measurement. Each measurement result in the multiple measurement results includes a parameter of the path between the first device and the second device measured. Alternatively, the third device can obtain the multiple measurement results from other devices (such as the first device or the second device). The third device determines the measurement number of the first path based on the multiple measurement results, or the third device can obtain the measurement number of the first path from other devices (such as the first device or the second device).

[0255] For example, the third device can determine the number of measurement results in the multiple measurement results that match the parameter of the first path as the measurement number of the first path. The parameters of two paths match, for example, can be that the parameters of the two paths are less than or equal to a first parameter threshold value. If the difference between the parameters of the two paths is greater than the first parameter threshold value, it means that the two paths do not match.

[0256] Please refer to FIG. 9A, which is a schematic diagram of an environment of the first device and the second device in a first time window according to an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 9A, the third device is the same as the second device, and both are base stations, the first device is a terminal device, and the first device and the second device include multiple obstacles, and the first time window includes a time period between T1 and T4. As shown in FIG. 9A, at T1 in the first time window, the ball is located at position e, the vehicle is located at position j, and the mobile phone is located at position n. The base station is located at position a, the tree is located at position b, the building is located at position d, and the terminal device is located at position c. The positions of the base station, the terminal device, the tree, and the building are relatively fixed.

[0257] At T1, the second device measures the reference signal from the first device, and measures the parameters of three paths, including (time delay and departure angle), which are (100 ns, 50°), (120 ns, 30°), and (150 ns, 70°) respectively.

[0258] At T2 in the first time window, the ball moves to position g, the vehicle moves to position f, and the mobile phone moves to position o. At T2, the second device measures the reference signal from the first device, and measures the parameters of three paths, which are (101 ns, 50.2°), (152 ns, 70.1°), and (170 ns, 65°) respectively.

[0259] At T3 in the first time window, the ball moves to position h, the vehicle moves to position k, and the mobile phone moves to position p. At T3, the second device measures the reference signal from the first device, and measures the parameters of two paths, which are (101 ns, 50.2°) and (152 ns, 70.1°) respectively.

[0260] At T4 in the first time window, the ball moves to position i, the vehicle moves to position m, and the mobile phone moves to position q. At T4, the second device measures the reference signal from the first device, and measures the parameters of three paths, which are (109 ns, 50.2°), (151 ns, 70.1°), and (170 ns, 65°) respectively.

[0261] The third device determines the matched path parameters in the measured path parameters, so that the number of times of measuring the paths can be determined. For example, the third device takes the path with parameters (100 ns, 50°) (referred to as path 1) as a reference, determines the number of times of path 1 appearing in 4 measurements, and determines that the parameters measured at T2 are (101 ns, 50.2°) and match the parameters of path 1, the parameters measured at T3 are (101 ns, 50.2°) and match the parameters of path 1, and the parameters measured at T4 are (109 ns, 50.2°) and match the parameters of path 1, so it can be determined that the number of times of path 1 appearing is 4 times. Similarly, the third device can measure the number of times of the paths, and the number of times of the paths can refer to the content in Table 1 as follows.

[0262] Table 1

[0263] As can be seen from Table 1, the third device measures the number of times of path 1, path 2, path 3, path 4 and path 5 as 4 times, 1 time, 4 times, 1 time and 1 time respectively. The third threshold value is, for example, 4, so the third device determines that path 1 and path 3 are static paths, and path 2, path 4 and path 5 are dynamic paths. Among them, path 1 is, for example, path abc in FIG. 9A. Path 2 is, for example, path aec in FIG. 9A. Path 3 is, for example, path adc in FIG. 9A. Path 4 is, for example, path aft in FIG. 9A. Path 5 is, for example, path aqc in FIG. 9A. Any one of path 1, path 2, path 3, path 4 and path 5 can be taken as an example of the first path. For example, the first path is path 1, and the number of times of measuring the first path is 4; the first path is path 2, and the number of times of measuring the first path is 1; the first path is path 3, and the number of times of measuring the first path is 4; the first path is path 4, and the number of times of measuring the first path is 1; and the first path is path 5, and the number of times of measuring the first path is 1.

[0264] Optionally, the first time window can be, for example, the time period between T1 and T2, or any one of the time periods between T1 and T4.

[0265] The above-mentioned F1 is to actually measure the reference signal in the environment, and determine the type of the first path, which makes the referenceability and accuracy of the determined type of the first path higher.

[0266] F2, the second condition includes that the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold value, and / or the third condition includes that the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold value.

[0267] The third device determines a type of the first path based on a moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes. If the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold, the type of the first path is a static path, and if the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold, the type of the first path is a dynamic path.

[0268] In a first manner, the third device can obtain the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes by means of a sensor.

[0269] In a second manner, the third device can obtain the moving speed of the obstacle from the obstacle. For example, the obstacle includes a vehicle, and the third device can directly obtain the speed of the vehicle from the vehicle.

[0270] In a third manner, the third device measures the first reference signal in a first time unit and measures the second reference signal in a second time unit to determine the first angle of arrival and the first phase difference. The third device can determine the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes according to a time difference (or time interval) between the first time unit and the second time unit based on the first angle of arrival, the first phase difference, and the time difference (or time interval).

[0271] The first phase difference is a difference between phases of the first reference signal and the second reference signal, or an absolute value of the difference. The first angle of arrival can be an angle of arrival of the first reference signal, an angle of arrival of the second reference signal, or an average value between the angle of arrival of the first reference signal and the angle of arrival of the second reference signal. The average value can be an arithmetic average value or a weighted average value, etc. The first reference signal and the second reference signal can be the same reference signal or different reference signals, which are not limited. Optionally, the first time unit and the second time unit can be two adjacent time units, such as two adjacent symbols, or two non-adjacent time units, which are not limited.

[0272] In a possible implementation manner, the third device can determine the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes in the following formula (1).

[0273] wherein λ represents a wavelength of the reference signal, represents the first phase difference, Δt represents a time difference between the first time unit and the second time unit, θ represents the first angle of arrival of the reference signal, and v represents the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes.

[0274] The moving speed of the obstacle on the first path determined in the above manner 3 can be understood as the relative speed between the obstacle on the first path and the third device. Alternatively, in the case that the obstacle on the first path is a plurality of obstacles, the moving speed of the obstacle on the first path determined in the above manner 3 can be understood as the vector sum of the moving speeds of the partial or all obstacles on the first path, or can be understood as the moving speed of a certain part of the obstacles on the first path. The certain part of the obstacles can be one or more obstacles, for example, the moving speed of the last obstacle on the first path, for example, the certain part of the obstacles can be the moving obstacle on the first path. For example, the first path passes through obstacle 1, obstacle 2 and obstacle 3, and obstacle 1 and obstacle 2 are both stationary, and then the moving speed determined in the above manner 3 is the moving speed of obstacle 3.

[0275] For example, please refer to FIG. 9B, which is a schematic diagram for determining the moving speed of the obstacle on the first path. In FIG. 9B, the first device is the terminal device, the second device is the access network device, the third device is the same as the second device, the terminal device is located at d, the access network device is located at a, the first time unit and the second time unit are two symbols, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal are the same reference signal.

[0276] In FIG. 9B, (1) is a schematic diagram for determining the moving speed of the obstacle on the first path. As shown in (1) of FIG. 9B, the terminal device can respectively send reference signals on two symbols, and the transmission of the reference signals passes through vehicle 2 (located at position c) and vehicle 1 (located at position b), and the transmission path of the reference signals is, for example, the path dcba shown in (1) of FIG. 9B. The access network device receives the angle of arrival of the reference signals as θ. Then the access network device can determine the moving speed of the obstacle on the path dcba based on the above formula (1). The moving speed can be considered as the vector sum of the moving speeds of vehicle 1 and vehicle 2.

[0277] In FIG. 9B, (2) is a schematic diagram for determining the moving speed of the obstacle on the first path. As shown in (2) of FIG. 9B, the terminal device can respectively send reference signals on two symbols, and the transmission of the reference signals passes through building 1 (located at position c) and vehicle 1 (located at position b), and the transmission path of the reference signals is, for example, the path dcba shown in (2) of FIG. 9B. The access network device receives the angle of arrival of the reference signals as θ. Then the access network device can determine the moving speed of the obstacle on the path dcba based on the above formula (1). The moving speed can be considered as the moving speed of vehicle 1, that is, the moving speed of the last obstacle on the path dcba.

[0278] Optionally, if the relative speed is less than or equal to a first threshold, the type of the first path is a static path, and if the relative speed is greater than a fourth threshold, the type of the first path is a dynamic path. Alternatively, the third device can further determine an absolute speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes based on the relative speed and an absolute speed of the third device. If the absolute speed is less than or equal to a first threshold, the type of the first path is a static path, and if the absolute speed is greater than a fourth threshold, the type of the first path is a dynamic path.

[0279] F3, the second condition comprises that a Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold, and / or the third condition comprises that a Doppler frequency shift corresponding to the first path is greater than a fifth threshold.

[0280] For example, the third device can measure the first reference signal at a first time unit and the second reference signal at a second time unit, determine a difference between phases of the first reference signal and the second reference signal or a difference between frequencies of the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and obtain the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path based on the difference between the phases or the difference between the frequencies.

[0281] If the Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to the second threshold, it is determined that the first path belongs to a static path. If the Doppler frequency shift corresponding to the first path is greater than the fifth threshold, it is determined that the first path belongs to a dynamic path. The content of the first time unit, the second time unit, the first reference signal and the second reference signal can be referred to the content of the first time unit, the second time unit, the first reference signal and the second reference signal discussed above, which will not be listed here.

[0282] F1 to F3 are only examples of ways to determine the type of the first path, and in fact there are many ways to determine the first path, which are not limited by the embodiments of the application.

[0283] E2, the first information indicates a probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or a dynamic path.

[0284] Under E2, the third device can determine a number of times of measurement of the first path corresponding to the first path, and determine a probability that the first path belongs to a static path and / or a probability that the first path belongs to a dynamic path based on the number of times of measurement of the first path and a number of times of measurement. For example, the probability that the first path belongs to a static path is a first ratio of the number of times of measurement of the first path to the number of times of measurement. The probability that the first path belongs to a dynamic path is, for example, a difference between 1 and the first ratio.

[0285] Alternatively, the third device can input the plurality of measurement results corresponding to the plurality of measurements into the first model, and output a probability that the first path belongs to the static path and / or the dynamic path through the first model. The content of the plurality of measurements and the plurality of measurement results can refer to the content of the plurality of measurements and the plurality of measurement results involved in the foregoing E1, which will not be listed here.

[0286] E3, the first information indicates that the first path satisfies the first condition or does not satisfy the first condition. For example, the first information includes at least one bit,

[0287] Under E3, the third device can determine the type of the first path, thereby determining whether the first path satisfies the first condition. The manner of determining the type of the first path can refer to the content of determining the type of the first path discussed in the foregoing E1, which will not be listed here.

[0288] S802, the third device sends the first information to the fourth device. Correspondingly, the fourth device receives the first information from the third device.

[0289] The third device can directly send the first information to the fourth device, or can send the first information to the fourth device through other devices, which is not limited.

[0290] After the fourth device receives the first information, in one possible implementation, the fourth device can locate or perceive the first device according to the first information. Whether it is to locate or perceive the first device, the fourth device can determine the position of the first device, and the fourth device determining the position of the first device is equivalent to realizing the perception or location of the first device. The manner in which the fourth device determines the position of the first device will be exemplarily introduced below.

[0291] Exemplarily, after the fourth device receives the first information, the fourth device can select a first target path suitable for determining the position of the first device, and the first target path can be one or more paths, and the number thereof is not limited. Optionally, the first target path includes the first path. The fourth device can determine the position of the first device based on the parameters of the first target path and the position of the second device. Optionally, in the case that the first information carries the position of the second device, in this way, the fourth device can obtain the position of the second device based on the first information, or the fourth device can obtain the position of the second device from the second device, or the fourth device can pre-store the position of the second device, which is not specifically limited.

[0292] In one possible design, the first target path is a static path, or the first target path is a path in the static paths, or the first target path is of a type of static path. In this design, the fourth device can determine a channel fingerprint between the first device and the second device based on the parameters of the first target path, e.g., the channel fingerprint can be some or all of the parameters of the first target path, or the channel fingerprint can be determined based on the parameters of the first target path. The fourth device can input the channel fingerprint and / or the location of the second device to the second model, and output the location of the first device based on the second model. The second model can be a pre-trained model for determining a location.

[0293] In another possible design, the first target path is a static path, and the obstacle(s) thereon is / are one, and the obstacle(s) thereon is / are a reflector, i.e., the first target path is a reflection path. In this design, the fourth device can determine the location of the first device based on the parameters of the first target path and the location of the second device. The number of the first target paths can be different, and the fourth device can determine the location of the first device differently, which is described below.

[0294] Case 1: The number of the first target paths is one.

[0295] For example, the fourth device can determine a line segment between the second device and a virtual station based on the parameters of the first target path (e.g., the departure angle or the arrival angle), and determine an angle (e.g., the first angle) between the virtual station and the first device, and the distance between the virtual station and the first device is the distance of the Y paths (e.g., referred to as distance 1). The fourth device can determine the location of the first device based on the angle (e.g., referred to as angle 1) between the virtual station and the first device, the location of the virtual station, and the distance 1, by using geometric relationships. The virtual station here refers to a virtual station corresponding to the first target path.

[0296] Case 2: The number of the first target paths is at least two.

[0297] In this case, the distance of any of the first target paths can be equivalent to the distance of the LOS path between the virtual base station and the first device, and the location of the virtual base station can be mirror-symmetric to the location of the second device with respect to the obstacle. Thus, the fourth device can determine the location of the virtual base station based on the parameters of the LOS path between the first device and the second device and the first target paths, and determine the location of the first device based on the location of the second device and the location of the virtual base station by using a trilateration or triangulation technique.

[0298] For example, please refer to FIG. 10 for a schematic diagram of the principle of determining the position of the first device by a fourth device. As shown in FIG. 10, the position of the second device is mirror-symmetrical to the position of the virtual station 1 along the reflector 1, and the position of the second device is mirror-symmetrical to the position of the virtual station 2 along the reflector 2. The second device and the first device include one LOS path and two reflection paths. The LOS path is the LOS path adc shown in FIG. 10, and the two reflection paths are the reflection path abc shown in FIG. 10 and the reflection path aec shown in FIG. 10, respectively. The virtual station corresponding to the reflection path abc is, for example, the virtual station 2. In this way, the second device can determine the position of the first device according to the position of the second device, the position of the virtual station 1, the position of the virtual station 2, the measurement information of the reflection path aec, the measurement information of the reflection path abc, and the measurement information of the LOS path adc. The parameters of the LOS path can be pre-stored by the fourth device, or measured by the fourth device, or determined by the fourth device based on the first information, which is not limited.

[0299] The calculation formula of the fourth device for determining the position of the first device can refer to the content of the following formulas (2) and (3).

[0300] wherein (x u ,y u ) represents the position of the first device, Δt 21 represents the difference between the time when the virtual station 1 receives the reference signal and the time when the second device receives the reference signal, Δt 31 represents the difference between the time when the virtual station 2 receives the reference signal and the time when the second device receives the reference signal, c represents the speed of light, (x1,y1) represents the position of the second device, (x2,y2) represents the position of the virtual station 1, and (x3,y3) represents the position of the virtual station 2. The reference signal refers to the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, for example, SRS.

[0301] In a possible implementation, the fourth device can locate or perceive the first object according to the first information. The first object can be an object between the first device and the second device, or can be described as an object in the environment of the first device and the second device. The first object can also be at least one obstacle through which the second target path passes. The second target path can be a path between the first device and the second device through the first object, or the second target path can be the first target path discussed above, for example, the second target path can include the first path.

[0302] For example, after receiving the first information, the fourth device can select a second target path, which can be one or more paths, without limitation on the number of paths. The fourth device can perceive or locate the first object based on the second target path. The way of perceiving or locating the first object can refer to the foregoing content of perceiving or locating the first device, and repeated parts will not be listed. In addition, the fourth device can determine the position of the first object based on the position of the first device, the position of the second device, and the second target path after determining the position of the first device based on the first information. In this way, the perception or location of the first object is realized.

[0303] In an embodiment of the present application, the third device can determine the first information, so that the fourth device can determine the type of the first path, and thus the fourth device can screen a path more suitable for positioning, so as to more accurately perceive or locate the first device, for example, the fourth device can use a static path with higher feature stability for positioning or perception, so as to improve the accuracy of the result of positioning or perception. In addition, the first information can be carried in the signal measurement information, so as to reduce the number of signaling interactions in the network. In addition, the fourth device or the third device can perceive the environment in which the first device and the second device are located based on the first information, for example, perceive the obstacles between the first device and the second device, and the like, which is beneficial to adjusting the communication parameters between the first device and the second device based on the perceived environment, so as to improve the communication effect between the first device and the second device, and the like.

[0304] In another possible embodiment, the fourth device can determine the first information by itself and perceive or locate the first information based on the first information. The content of the first information determined by the fourth device can refer to the content of the first information determined by the third device discussed in the foregoing, and repeated parts will not be listed. In this embodiment, not only is it beneficial to accurately locate the first device, but also the amount of information interaction in the communication system can be reduced because the fourth device can not need to interact the first information with other devices.

[0305] The specific implementation modes of the first device, the second device, the third device, and the fourth device are different, and the interactions between the devices involved in FIG. 8 are different. The following will be introduced by way of example in combination with the interaction schematic diagram between the devices shown in FIG. 11.

[0306] H1, the first device is a terminal device, the second device is an access network device, the third device is an AMF, and the fourth device is an LMF.

[0307] Under H1, as shown in (1) of FIG. 11, the terminal device or the access network device can determine the first information, the terminal device or the access network device sends the first information to the AMF, or the AMF determines the first information by itself. The AMF sends the first information to the LMF. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the terminal device based on the first information. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0308] H2, the first device is the access network device, the second device is the terminal device, the third device is the AMF, and the fourth device is the LMF.

[0309] Under H2, as shown in (2) of FIG. 11, the terminal device or the access network device can determine the first information, the terminal device or the access network device sends the first information to the AMF, or the AMF determines the first information by itself. The AMF sends the first information to the LMF. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the access network device based on the first information. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0310] H3, the first device and the third device are the terminal device, the second device is the access network device, and the fourth device is the LMF.

[0311] Under H3, as shown in (3) of FIG. 11, the terminal device determines the first information and sends the first information to the LMF. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the terminal device based on the first information. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0312] H4, the first device and the third device are the access network device, the second device is the terminal device, and the fourth device is the LMF.

[0313] Under H4, as shown in (4) of FIG. 11, the access network device can determine the first information and send the first information to the LMF. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the access network device based on the first information. Optionally, the LMF locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0314] H5, the first device and the third device are both the terminal device, the second device is the DU, and the fourth device is the CU / RIC.

[0315] Under H5, as shown in (5) of FIG. 11, the terminal device determines the first information and sends the first information to the CU / RIC. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the terminal device based on the first information. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0316] H6, the first device and the third device are both the DU, the second device is the terminal device, and the fourth device is the CU / RIC.

[0317] Under H6, as shown in (6) of FIG. 11, the DU determines the first information, and sends the first information to the CU / RIC. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the DU based on the first information. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0318] H7, the first device is a terminal device, the second device and the third device are both access network devices, and the fourth device is an SMC.

[0319] Under H7, as shown in (7) of FIG. 11, the third device determines the first information, and sends the first information to the SMC. Optionally, the SMC locates / senses the terminal device based on the first information. Optionally, the SMC locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0320] H8, the first device is a terminal device, the second device and the third device are both DUs, and the fourth device is a CU / RIC.

[0321] Under H8, as shown in (8) of FIG. 11, the DU determines the first information, and sends the first information to the CU / RIC. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the terminal device based on the first information. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0322] H9, the first device is a DU, the second device and the third device are both terminal devices, and the fourth device is a CU / RIC.

[0323] Under H9, as shown in (9) of FIG. 11, the terminal device determines the first information, and sends the first information to the CU / RIC. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the DU based on the first information. Optionally, the CU / RIC locates / senses the first object based on the first information.

[0324] The content of the first information involved in H1 to H9 above, the content of determining the first information, and the content of locating or sensing can refer to the content of the first information involved in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the content of determining the first information, and the content of locating or sensing, respectively, and the repeated parts will not be listed here.

[0325] The schematic diagram of the communication method shown in FIG. 12 is introduced below. FIG. 12 is an example of the case of H8 above, that is, in FIG. 12, the first device is a terminal device, the second device and the third device are both DUs, and the fourth device is a CU / RIC.

[0326] S1201, the RIC sends a measurement configuration to a terminal device through a DU and a CU.

[0327] For example, the RIC can send a measurement configuration request (or referred to as a measurement configuration indication) to the CU, the measurement configuration request being used to request a configuration of a reference signal. The CU can send a configuration of the reference signal to the terminal device through the DU based on the measurement configuration request, the configuration of the reference signal including, for example, time-frequency resources for transmitting the reference signal, and the like. In this way, the terminal device can subsequently send or receive the reference signal based on the configuration.

[0328] S1202, the terminal device sends a reference signal to the DU. Correspondingly, the DU receives the reference signal from the terminal device. The reference signal is, for example, an SRS.

[0329] S1203, the DU measures the reference signal and determines first information.

[0330] The content of the first information and the determination of the content of the first information can refer to the content of the first information and the determination of the content of the first information in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 8, for example, can refer to the determination of the content of the first information involved in F1 in FIG. 8, and the repeated parts will not be listed here.

[0331] S1204a, the DU sends the first information to the CU. Correspondingly, the CU receives the first information from the DU. S1204a is applicable to the case where the CU is the fourth device.

[0332] S1204b, the DU sends the first information to the RIC. Correspondingly, the RIC receives the first information from the DU. S1204b is applicable to the case where the RIC is the fourth device.

[0333] In the embodiments of the present application, the DU and the CU in the access network can interact the first information, so that the CU can locate or perceive the first device based on the first information. Alternatively, the DU and the RIC in the access network can interact the first information, so that the RIC can locate or perceive the first device based on the first information. In this way, each module in the open access network can support the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. Moreover, it is also convenient for the CU or the RIC to more accurately locate or perceive the first device.

[0334] The embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. FIG. 13 to FIG. 15 are possible structural schematic diagrams of the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The communication device can be used to realize the functions of the third device or the fourth device in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and thus can also realize the beneficial effects possessed by each of the above-mentioned method embodiments. In the embodiment of the present application, the communication device can be at least one of the third device or the fourth device involved in FIG. 3, the terminal device, the access network device, the SMF and / or the LMF involved in FIG. 4, at least one of the terminal device, the access network device, the SMC or the SMF involved in FIG. 5, at least one of the terminal device, the access network device or the SMF involved in FIG. 6, or at least one of the Non-RT RIC, the Near-RT RIC, the CU or the O-CU involved in FIG. 7.

[0335] The communication device shown in FIG. 13 is described below. As shown in FIG. 13, the communication device 1300 can include modules or units for realizing the corresponding modules or units in the above-mentioned method embodiments. In a possible design, the communication device 1300 includes a processing unit 1310 and a communication unit 1320. The communication unit 1320 is configured to perform transceiving operations, such as functions related to sending and receiving; the communication unit 1320 can be referred to as a transceiver; optionally, the communication unit 1320 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit. The processing unit 1310 is configured to perform processing operations. Alternatively, the communication unit 1320 can be a transmitter and a receiver, or the communication unit 1320 is a transmitter and a receiver. Optionally, the communication device 1300 further includes a storage unit 1330. The storage unit 1330 is configured to store program codes or data of the device. The storage unit 1330 is an optional unit, which is shown in FIG. 13 by a dashed box.

[0336] In a first embodiment, the communication device 1300 can be the third device in the above-mentioned embodiments, for example, a communication module in the third device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the third device. For example, when the third device is a terminal device, the communication device 1300 can be the terminal device, a communication module in the terminal device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the terminal device. For another example, when the third device is an access network device, the communication device 1300 can be the access network device, a communication module in the access network device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the access network device.

[0337] For example, the communication device 1300 can realize the functions of the third device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 8, any third device involved in FIG. 11, or the DU in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 12.

[0338] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the processing unit 1310 is configured to determine the first information, and the communication unit 1320 is configured to send the first information.

[0339] For example, the processing unit 1310 is configured to perform the steps of S801, and the communication unit 1320 is configured to perform the steps of S802 involving transmitting the first information. For another example, the processing unit 1310 is configured to perform the steps of S1203, and the communication unit 1320 is configured to perform the steps of S1204a or S1204b involving transmitting the first information.

[0340] The communication apparatus 1300 can further implement other steps performed by the third device in the method embodiments of FIG. 8, any of the third devices involved in the method embodiments of FIG. 11, or the DU in the method embodiments of FIG. 12, which are not listed one by one here.

[0341] In a possible design, when the communication apparatus 1300 is a terminal, a communication module in a terminal, an access network device, or a communication module in an access network device, the function of the processing unit 1310 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor can include a Modem chip, or a System on Chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip containing a Modem core. The function of the communication unit 1320 can be implemented by a transceiver circuit.

[0342] In a possible design, when the communication apparatus 1300 is a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in a terminal device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in an access network device, such as a Modem chip or a System on Chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip containing a Modem core, the function of the processing unit 1310 can be implemented by a circuit system including one or more processors or processor cores in the chip. The function of the communication unit 1320 can be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.

[0343] In a second embodiment, the communication apparatus 1300 can be the fourth device in the above embodiments, for example, a communication module in the fourth device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the fourth device. For example, the fourth device is an LMF. For another example, when the fourth device is an access network device, the communication apparatus 1300 can be the access network device, a communication module in the access network device, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the access network device.

[0344] For example, the communication apparatus 1300 can implement the function of the fourth device in the method embodiments of FIG. 8, any of the fourth devices involved in the method embodiments of FIG. 11, or the CU or RIC in the method embodiments of FIG. 12.

[0345] In the above embodiments, the processing unit 1310 is configured to receive the first information.

[0346] For example, the communication unit 1320 is configured to perform the step of receiving the first information involved in S802. For another example, the communication unit 1320 is configured to perform the step of receiving the first information involved in S1204a or S1204b.

[0347] The communication apparatus 1300 can also implement other steps performed by the fourth device in the method embodiments of FIG. 8, any of the fourth devices involved in FIG. 11, or the CU or RIC in the method embodiments of FIG. 12, which are not listed one by one here.

[0348] In a possible design, when the communication apparatus 1300 is an access network device or a communication module in an access network device, the function of the processing unit 1310 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor can include a Modem chip, or a System on Chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip containing a Modem core. The function of the communication unit 1320 can be implemented by a transceiver circuit.

[0349] In a possible design, when the communication apparatus 1300 is a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in an access network device, such as a Modem chip or a System on Chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip containing a Modem core, the function of the processing unit 1310 can be implemented by a circuit system containing one or more processors or processor cores in the chip. The function of the communication unit 1320 can be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.

[0350] It can be understood that the division of the units in the apparatuses described above is only a logical functional division, one function unit can be used for each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one function unit. In actual implementation, all or part of the units can be integrated into one physical entity, or distributed on different physical entities. In addition, the function units described above can be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a certain function is implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0351] In one example, the functional units in any of the above apparatuses can be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, for example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or, one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microcontroller units (MCUs), one or more DSPs, or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.

[0352] In one example, the storage unit 1330 can include random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, and / or registers, etc.

[0353] The communication apparatus shown in Fig. 14 is described below. As shown in Fig. 14, the communication apparatus 1400 includes a processor 1410. Optionally, the communication apparatus 1400 further includes an interface circuit 1420 and a memory 1430. The processor 1410 and the interface circuit 1420 are coupled to each other. It can be understood that the interface circuit 1420 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. The memory 1430 is used to store instructions executed by the processor 1410 or to store input data required by the processor 1410 to execute instructions or to store data generated after the processor 1410 executes instructions. The interface circuit 1420 and the memory 1430 are optional modules, which are shown in a dashed box in Fig. 14. In addition, one processor 1410 and one memory 1430 are taken as an example in Fig. 14, and in fact, the number of the processor 1410 and the memory 1430 is not limited.

[0354] The communication apparatus 1400 is used to implement the method embodiments shown in any of Figs. 8, 11 to 12. Optionally, the processor 1410 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 1310 described above, and the interface circuit 1420 is used to implement the functions of the communication unit 1320 described above.

[0355] For example, the communication apparatus can be used to implement the functions of the third apparatus in the method embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the third apparatus in any of the method embodiments shown in Fig. 11, or the DU in the method embodiment shown in Fig. 12.

[0356] For example, the processor 1410 is configured to perform the step of S801, and the interface circuit 1420 is configured to perform the step of sending the first information involved in S802. For another example, the processor 1410 is configured to perform the step of S1203, and the interface circuit 1420 is configured to perform the step of sending the first information involved in S1204a or S1204b.

[0357] Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be configured to implement the functions of the fourth device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the fourth device involved in any of FIG. 11, or the CU or RIC in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 12.

[0358] For example, the interface circuit 1420 is configured to perform the step of receiving the first information involved in S802. For another example, the interface circuit 1420 is configured to perform the step of receiving the first information involved in S1204a or S1204b.

[0359] When the communication apparatus 1400 is a chip applied to a certain device (such as the third device or the fourth device), the device chip implements the functions of the device in the method embodiments. The device chip receives information from other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the device, and the information is sent by other devices to the device. Alternatively, the device chip sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the device, and the information is sent by the device to other devices. The communication apparatus 1400 here can be a baseband chip of a certain device, or a DU or other modules, and the DU here can be a DU under the open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture.

[0360] The processor 1410 can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. In addition, the memory involved in various embodiments of the present application can include volatile memory (such as random access memory (RAM)), and can also include non-volatile memory (such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD) or solid state drive (SSD)).

[0361] The communication device shown in FIG. 15 is described below. As shown in FIG. 15, the communication device 1500 includes a processor 1510 and a transceiver 1530. The processor 1510 can also be referred to as a processing unit, a processing board, a processing module, a processing device, etc. The implementation of the processor 1510 can refer to the content of the processor 1410 in FIG. 14. The transceiver 1530 can also be referred to as a transceiving unit, a transceiver, a transceiving device, etc. The transceiver 1530 includes a transmitter 1531, a receiver 1532, and an antenna 1533. Optionally, the transceiver 1530 can also include radio frequency circuitry, input / output devices, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0362] Optionally, the devices in the transceiver 1530 for implementing the receiving function are regarded as a receiving module, and the devices in the transceiver 1530 for implementing the sending function are regarded as a sending module, i.e., the transceiver 1530 includes a receiver and a transmitter. The transceiver can also be referred to as a transceiver module, a transceiver circuit, etc. The receiver can also be referred to as a receiver module, a receiver circuit, etc. The transmitter can also be referred to as a transmitter module, a transmitter circuit, etc.

[0363] Optionally, the communication device 1500 can also include a memory 1520, which can store computer program codes and / or data.

[0364] The processor 1510 is mainly configured to process communication protocols and communication data, control the communication device 1500, execute software programs, process data of the software programs, and the like. The memory 1520 is mainly configured to store software programs and data. The radio frequency circuit is mainly configured to convert baseband signals and radio frequency signals and process the radio frequency signals. The antenna 1533 is mainly configured to transceive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. The input and output apparatus, for example, a touch screen, a display screen, a keyboard, and the like, is mainly configured to receive data input by a user and output data to the user.

[0365] When data needs to be sent, the processor 1510 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal, and transmits the radio frequency signal in the form of electromagnetic waves to the outside through the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device 1500, the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor. The processor 1510 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data. For the convenience of description, only one memory 1520, one processor 1510, and one transceiver 1530 are shown in FIG. 15. In actual terminal products, one or more processors 1510 and one or more memories 1520 can exist. The memory 1520 can also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, and the like. The memory 1520 can be arranged independently of the processor 1510, or can be integrated with the processor 1510. This is not limited.

[0366] In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna and the radio frequency circuit having the transceiving function are regarded as the communication unit of the communication device 1500, and the processor having the processing function is regarded as the processing unit of the communication device 1500. The processor 1510 is configured to execute the processing actions of the third device or the fourth device side in the above embodiments, and the transceiver 1530 is configured to execute the transceiving actions of the third device or the fourth device side in the above embodiments.

[0367] For example, the processor 1510 is configured to execute the steps of S801, and the transceiver 1530 is configured to execute the steps of sending the first information involved in S802. For another example, the processor 1510 is configured to execute the steps of S1203, and the transceiver 1530 is configured to execute the steps of sending the first information involved in S1204a or S1204b.

[0368] For example, the transceiver 1530 is configured to execute the steps of receiving the first information involved in S802. For another example, the transceiver 1530 is configured to execute the steps of receiving the first information involved in S1204a or S1204b.

[0369] When the communication device 1500 is a chip, the chip includes a processor and a transceiver. The transceiver can be an input / output circuit or a communication interface; the processor can be a processing module integrated on the chip or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit. Optionally, the chip can further include a memory. The sending operation of the third device or the fourth device in the method embodiments can be understood as the output of the chip, and the receiving operation of the third device or the fourth device in the method embodiments can be understood as the input of the chip.

[0370] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication system. The communication system includes a third device and a fourth device. The third device can implement the functions of the third device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 8, the third device in any of the method embodiments shown in FIG. 11, or the DU in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 12. The fourth device can implement the functions of the fourth device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 8, the fourth device in any of the method embodiments shown in FIG. 11, or the CU or RIC in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 12.

[0371] The embodiments of the present application provide a chip system. The chip system includes a processor and an interface. The processor is configured to call and run an instruction from the interface. When the processor executes the instruction, the method embodiments shown in any of FIG. 8, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are implemented.

[0372] The embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program or an instruction. When the computer program or the instruction is executed, the method embodiments shown in any of FIG. 8, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are implemented.

[0373] The embodiments of the present application provide a program product. When the program product is executed, a processor implements the method embodiments shown in any of FIG. 8, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12. The program product is, for example, a computer program product, and specifically, for example, a computer program and / or an instruction, etc. The processor is, for example, a processor running in a computer.

[0374] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment or other programmable apparatus. The computer programs or instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer programs or instructions can be transferred from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center through wired or wireless manner. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center and the like integrated with one or more available media. The available media can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a digital video disc; a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk. The computer readable storage medium can be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or can include both volatile and non-volatile storage media.

[0375] In various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referred to each other if there is no special description and logical conflict, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0376] The various digital numbers involved in the various embodiments of the present application are only used for differentiation for convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the serial number of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be based on their functions and inherent logic.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: determining first information, the first information being used to determine a type of a first path, the type comprising a static path or a dynamic path, the first path being a transmission path of a signal between a first device and a second device; sending the first information.

2. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving first information, the first information being used to determine a type of a first path, the type comprising a static path or a dynamic path, the first path being a transmission path of a signal between a first device and a second device; locating or perceiving the first device based on the first information.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first information is used to determine a type of a first path, comprising at least one of: The first information indicates that the first path belongs to the static path or the dynamic path; The first information indicates a probability of the first path belonging to the static path and / or a probability of the first path belonging to the dynamic path; or The first information indicates that the first path satisfies a first condition or does not satisfy the first condition, the first condition representing a condition that a type of a path satisfies.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The first information indicates that the first path belongs to the static path or the dynamic path, comprising: If a value of at least one bit in the first information is a first value, the first path belongs to the static path, and if the value of the at least one bit is a second value, the first path belongs to the dynamic path; or If a value of at least one bit in the first information is in a first value range, the first path belongs to the static path, and if the value of the at least one bit is in a second value range, the first path belongs to the dynamic path.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, If the first path satisfies a second condition, the type of the first path is the static path, wherein the second condition comprises at least one of: A moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to a first threshold value; A Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold value; or A measurement number of the first path is greater than or equal to a third threshold value, the measurement number of the first path being a number of times of measuring the first path in a plurality of measurements, the plurality of measurements comprising N times of measuring a reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the plurality of measurements comprising measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, If the first path satisfies a third condition, the type of the first path is the dynamic path, the third condition comprising at least one of: A moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than a fourth threshold value; A Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is greater than a fifth threshold value; or A measurement number of the first path is less than a sixth threshold value, the measurement number of the first path being a number of times of measuring the first path in a plurality of measurements, the plurality of measurements comprising N times of measuring a reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the plurality of measurements comprising a plurality of measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The measurement number of the first path is: a cumulative number of times of measuring the first path in the multiple measurements; or a number of consecutive times of measuring the first path in the multiple measurements.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The static path satisfies at least one of the following conditions: all obstacles through which the path passes are stationary; moving speeds of all obstacles through which the path passes are less than or equal to a first threshold value; a Doppler shift corresponding to the first path is less than or equal to a second threshold value; or a number of times of measuring the path is greater than or equal to a third threshold value, the number of times of measuring the path being a number of times of measuring the path in multiple measurements, the multiple measurements including N measurements of a reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the multiple measurements including measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1. The dynamic path includes at least one of the following:

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, motion of an obstacle through which the path passes; a moving speed of an obstacle through which the path passes is greater than a fourth threshold value; a Doppler shift corresponding to the path is greater than a fifth threshold value; or a number of times of measuring the path is less than a sixth threshold value, the number of times of measuring the path being a number of times of measuring the path in multiple measurements, the multiple measurements including N measurements of a reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device, or the multiple measurements including measurements of the reference signal transmitted between the first device and the second device within a first time window, N being a positive integer greater than 1. The method further includes: measuring the reference signal multiple times respectively to obtain multiple measurement results, the multiple measurement results respectively indicating a parameter of a path; 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 3-9, characterized in that, if a number of times of measuring the first path is greater than or equal to the third threshold value, the type of the first path is the static path, and if the number of times of measuring the first path is less than the sixth threshold value, the type of the first path is the dynamic path, wherein the number of times of measuring the first path is a number of measurement results in the multiple measurement results that match the parameter of the first path. The method further includes: measuring a first reference signal in a first time unit and measuring a second reference signal in a second time unit to determine a first angle of arrival and a first phase difference, the first angle of arrival being an angle of arrival of the first reference signal, an angle of arrival of the second reference signal, or an average of the angle of arrival of the first reference signal and the angle of arrival of the second reference signal, and the first phase difference being a difference between a phase of the first reference signal and a phase of the second reference signal; 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 3-10, characterized in that, determining a moving speed of an obstacle through which the first path passes based on the first angle of arrival, the first phase difference, and a time difference between the first time unit and the second time unit; if the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is less than or equal to the first threshold value, the type of the first path is the static path, and if the moving speed of the obstacle through which the first path passes is greater than the fourth threshold value, the type of the first path is the dynamic path. The method further includes: ​ 12. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 3-11, characterized in that, ​ The second information indicates information transmitted by the third device about a path satisfying a first condition, or the second information indicates information transmitted by the third device about whether a path satisfies the first condition, the first condition representing a condition satisfied by a type of path.

13. The method of any one of claims 2-9, wherein, The method further includes: The second information indicates information transmitted by the third device about a path satisfying a first condition, or the second information indicates information transmitted by the third device about whether a path satisfies the first condition, the first condition representing a condition satisfied by a type of path.

14. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus includes: a module for performing the method of any one of claims 1 and 3-12; or, a module for performing the method of any one of claims 2-9 and 13.

15. A communications device, characterized by one or more processors for executing computer programs or instructions in a memory, such that the communication apparatus implements the method of any one of claims 1 and 3-12, or implements the method of any one of claims 2-9 and 13.

16. A program product, characterized by The program product, when executed, causes a processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 and 3-12, or the method of any one of claims 2-9 and 13.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium has stored therein computer programs or instructions, which, when executed by a communication apparatus, implement the method of any one of claims 1 and 3-12, or the method of any one of claims 2-9 and 13.

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