Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application discloses a communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: generating an uplink signal; and sending the uplink signal to a second transmission reception point on the basis of uplink transmission power, wherein the uplink transmission power is related to an uplink path loss between a terminal device and the second transmission reception point, the uplink path loss is related to a downlink path loss between a first transmission reception point and the terminal device, a first offset and a second offset, the first offset is an offset between an uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission reception point caused by a distance cause and a downlink path loss part between the first transmission reception point and the terminal device caused by a distance cause, and the second offset is an offset between an uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission reception point caused by a non-distance cause and a downlink path loss part between the first transmission reception point and the terminal device caused by a non-distance cause. The method can ensure the accuracy of the uplink path loss estimation result in an NTN scenario.

Description

A communication method and apparatus

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202410671199.4, filed on May 24, 2024, and entitled "A communication method and apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0004] In a wireless communication system, a power control method is used for uplink transmission of a terminal device (UE). For the UE, uplink power control is to determine the appropriate uplink (UL) transmission power according to the actual situation of the system. To perform uplink power control, the uplink path loss generally needs to be calculated.

[0005] In a terrestrial network (TN), there is a clear scheme for calculating the uplink path loss. However, for a non-terrestrial network (NTN), such as a satellite communication network, there is no clear scheme for estimating the uplink path loss. If the NTN directly uses the scheme of the TN to estimate the uplink path loss, there will be a problem of inaccurate estimation of the uplink path loss.

[0006] Therefore, how to estimate the uplink path loss in the NTN and improve the accuracy of the estimation of the uplink path loss, and further improve the reliability of the uplink power control, is a technical problem to be solved urgently. SUMMARY

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus, which can accurately estimate the uplink path loss in the NTN, and further improve the reliability of the uplink power control.

[0008] In a first aspect, a first communication method is provided, which can be applied to a terminal-side device, for example, also referred to as a terminal device. The terminal device is, for example, a terminal device, or another device including a terminal device function, or a circuit, or a chip system (or a chip, for example, a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip containing a modem core) or another functional module capable of realizing the function of a terminal device, which is, for example, arranged in a terminal device. Taking the method applied to a terminal device as an example, the method comprises: generating an uplink signal; and transmitting the uplink signal to a second transmission reception point (TRP) based on an uplink transmission power, wherein the uplink transmission power is related to an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second TRP; the uplink path loss is related to a first downlink path loss between a first TRP and the terminal device, a first offset, and a second offset; the first offset is an offset between a first uplink path loss part and a first downlink path loss part, the first uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second TRP caused by a distance, and the first downlink path loss part is a part of the downlink path loss between the first TRP and the terminal device caused by a distance; and the second offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second TRP caused by a non-distance factor, and the second downlink path loss part is a part of the downlink path loss between the first TRP and the terminal device caused by a non-distance factor.

[0009] In the embodiments of the present application, the offset used to estimate the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second TRP includes two parts, i.e., the second offset and a third offset, wherein the second offset is an offset caused by a distance, and the third offset is an offset caused by a non-distance factor. Compared with the prior art in which only one offset is indicated by the network, the accuracy of uplink path loss estimation can be improved, the accuracy of the uplink path loss estimation result can be ensured in the NTN scenario, and the reliability of the uplink power control can be improved, thereby improving the communication performance.

[0010] In a possible design, the first offset is related to a distance between the first TRP and the terminal device, a downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first TRP, a distance between the second TRP and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second TRP.

[0011] For example, the first downlink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the first TRP and the terminal device and the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first TRP; and the first uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the second TRP and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second TRP.

[0012] The design can estimate the path loss caused by the distance by estimating the path loss of the carrier frequency and the distance, and thus obtain the accurate first offset.

[0013] In a possible design, the method further includes: receiving the second offset. For example, the terminal device receives the second offset sent by the first transmission point. Of course, the second offset can also be sent by another transmission point, which is not limited.

[0014] In a possible design, the second offset is related to a third offset and a fourth offset; the third offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point; and the fourth offset is an offset between a third uplink path loss part and a fourth uplink path loss part, where the third uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the distance, and the fourth uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the distance.

[0015] It can be understood that the third offset minus the fourth offset is essentially an offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the non-distance reason. Since the uplink path loss caused by the non-distance reason (or the offset) is irrelevant to the distance, the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the non-distance reason can be equal to (or approximately equal to) an offset between a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by the non-distance reason, and thus the second offset = the third offset - the fourth offset.

[0016] Through the above design, in a scenario where the transmission point supporting the downlink transmission is a subset of the transmission point supporting the uplink transmission, the network can determine the accurate second offset, and provide reliable support for the uplink path loss estimation of the terminal device.

[0017] In a possible design, the fourth offset is related to a distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

[0018] For example, the third uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point; and the fourth uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point.

[0019] The design can estimate the path loss caused by the distance by estimating the path loss of the carrier frequency and the distance, and thus obtain the accurate fourth offset.

[0020] In a possible design, the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to the ephemeris information of the first transmission point and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) information of the terminal device; and the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to the ephemeris information of the second transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device.

[0021] The design can determine the distance between the transmission point and the terminal device according to the ephemeris information and the GNSS information, and thus ensure the reliability of the distance, and provide reliable support for the uplink path loss estimation.

[0022] In a possible design, the second offset is related to a fifth offset and a sixth offset; the fifth offset is an offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point; and the sixth offset is an offset between a fifth uplink path loss part and a sixth uplink path loss part, where the fifth uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the distance, and the sixth uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by the distance.

[0023] It can be understood that the fifth offset minus the sixth offset is essentially an offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by the non-distance reason. Since the uplink path loss caused by the non-distance reason (or offset) is irrelevant to the distance, the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the downlink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the non-distance reason can be equal to (or approximately equal to) the offset between the uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the uplink path loss part between the third transmission point and the terminal device caused by the non-distance reason, and thus the second offset = the fifth offset - the sixth offset.

[0024] Through the above design, in a scenario where the TRP supporting the downlink transmission and the TRP supporting the downlink transmission have no intersection, the network can determine the accurate second offset, and provide reliable support for the uplink path loss estimation of the terminal device.

[0025] In a possible design, the sixth offset is related to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, the distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the third transmission point.

[0026] The fifth uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point; and the sixth uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the third transmission point.

[0027] The design estimates the path loss according to the carrier frequency and the distance, can accurately estimate the path loss caused by the distance, and thus accurately obtains the offset caused by the distance (i.e., the sixth offset).

[0028] In a possible design, the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to the ephemeris information of the first transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device; and the distance between the terminal device and the third transmission point is determined according to the ephemeris information of the third transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device.

[0029] The design determines the distance between the transmission point and the terminal device according to the ephemeris information and the GNSS information, can guarantee the reliability of the distance, and thus provides reliable support for path loss estimation.

[0030] In a possible design, the terminal device further sends an uplink reference signal.

[0031] In this way, the network side transmission point (e.g., the first transmission point and the second transmission point) can be assisted to measure the uplink path loss, and the reliability of the scheme is improved.

[0032] In a possible design, a transmission power control (TPC) parameter can also be received, and the TPC parameter is locally cached at the terminal device; and the uplink transmission power is further related to the latest TPC parameter locally cached at the terminal device.

[0033] In this way, the network can adjust the uplink transmission power by issuing the TPC parameter, and the flexibility and reliability of the uplink power control are further improved.

[0034] In a possible design, an updated second offset can also be received, the TPC parameter locally cached at the terminal device is cleared, and the uplink transmission power is updated according to the updated second offset.

[0035] The design improves the method for calculating the uplink transmission power at the terminal device, i.e., the TPC parameter is cleared before the uplink transmission power is calculated when the second offset is updated, and the accuracy of the uplink power control at the terminal device can be guaranteed.

[0036] In a possible design, an updated second offset can also be received, the updated second offset is related to the latest TPC parameter locally cached at the terminal device, and the uplink transmission power is updated according to the updated second offset.

[0037] The design improves the method of network side issuing the second offset, such as determining the issued updated second offset according to the latest TPC parameter (or the TPC parameter last sent by the network to the terminal device) locally cached by the terminal device, which can ensure the accuracy of the terminal device uplink power control when the second offset is updated.

[0038] In a possible design, the number of bits of the TPC parameter is more than 2.

[0039] The design takes into account that the difference between the satellite uplink loss and the satellite downlink loss is large in the NTN, and therefore extends the value of the TPC parameter, which can further improve the reliability of the uplink power control in the NTN network.

[0040] In a second aspect, the method can be applied to a terminal side device, which is also referred to as a terminal device. The terminal device is, for example, a terminal device, or other equipment including the function of a terminal device, or a circuit, or a chip system or other functional module capable of realizing the function of a terminal device, which is, for example, arranged in a terminal device. Taking the method applied to a terminal device as an example, the method includes: receiving a seventh offset; clearing the TPC parameter locally cached by the terminal device; updating the uplink transmission power used by the terminal device to send an uplink signal to a second transmission point according to the seventh offset; or, receiving a seventh offset, the seventh offset being related to the latest TPC parameter locally cached by the terminal device; updating the uplink transmission power used by the terminal device to send an uplink signal to a second transmission point according to the seventh offset; wherein the seventh offset is the offset between the uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the downlink loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device; or, the seventh offset is the offset between the second uplink loss part and the second downlink loss part, the second uplink loss part being the uplink loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons, and the second downlink loss part being the downlink loss part between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present application, when the offset indicated by the network needs to be updated, the terminal device calculates the uplink transmission power by clearing the locally cached TPC, or the network determines the offset finally issued to the terminal device based on the TPC parameter last sent to the terminal device (or the latest TPC parameter locally cached by the terminal device), which can ensure the accuracy of the terminal device uplink power control.

[0042] In a third aspect, the method can be applied to a terminal-side device, which is also referred to as a terminal device. The terminal device is, for example, a terminal device, or another device including a terminal device function, or a circuit, or a chip system or another functional module capable of implementing the function of a terminal device, which is, for example, arranged in a terminal device. In the case of the method being applied to a terminal device, the method includes: receiving an eighth offset from a first transmission point, the eighth offset being associated with a target transmission point; and sending, by the terminal device, an uplink signal to a second transmission point based on an uplink transmission power, the uplink transmission power being determined according to a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device and the eighth offset; wherein the eighth offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device, or the eighth offset is an offset between a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a non-distance reason and a part of the downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device caused by the non-distance reason.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present application, the eighth offset issued by the first transmission point is associated with the target transmission point, so that the terminal device can determine which transmission point the received eighth offset is for, thereby helping the terminal device to accurately estimate the uplink path loss and further improving the reliability of the uplink power control.

[0044] In a possible design, the target transmission point is the first transmission point.

[0045] In this design, the eighth offset is associated with the transmission point (i.e., the first transmission point) issuing the eighth offset by default, which is simple and does not require additional indication overhead.

[0046] In a possible design, the indication information indicating the target transmission point can be received, and the eighth offset is determined to be associated with the target transmission point according to the indication information.

[0047] In this design, the network indicates the target transmission point associated with the eighth offset by issuing the indication information, and the eighth offset can be associated with the first transmission point or another transmission point, which is highly flexible.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a transmission point (the transmission point can also be referred to as an access network device or a base station or a network device, etc.), or a circuit in the transmission point, or a chip system (or a chip) in the transmission point. The transmission point is, for example, a satellite, or the transmission point is located on a satellite. Taking the method applied to a first transmission point as an example, the method comprises: determining a second offset, the second offset being an offset between a second uplink loss part and a second downlink loss part, the second uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between a terminal device and a second transmission point caused by a non-distance factor, and the second downlink loss part being a part of downlink loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by the non-distance factor; and sending the second offset.

[0049] In a possible design, the second offset is related to a third offset and a fourth offset, the third offset being an offset between uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and uplink loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point, and the fourth offset being an offset between a third uplink loss part and a fourth uplink loss part, the third uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a distance factor, and the fourth uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the distance factor.

[0050] In a possible design, the fourth offset is related to a distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

[0051] For example, the third offset is determined according to uplink loss corresponding to the second transmission point and uplink loss corresponding to the first transmission point. In this case, the method can further comprise: receiving and measuring an uplink reference signal to obtain the uplink loss corresponding to the first transmission point.

[0052] In a possible design, the second offset is related to a fifth offset and a sixth offset, the fifth offset being an offset between uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and uplink loss between the terminal device and a third transmission point, and the sixth offset being an offset between a fifth uplink loss part and a sixth uplink loss part, the fifth uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a distance factor, and the sixth uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by the distance factor.

[0053] In a possible design, the sixth offset is related to a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, a distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the third transmission point.

[0054] For example, the fifth offset is determined according to the uplink path loss corresponding to the third transmission point and the uplink path loss corresponding to the second transmission point; the uplink path loss corresponding to the second transmission point is obtained by the second transmission point receiving and measuring the uplink reference signal; and the uplink path loss corresponding to the third transmission point is obtained by the third transmission point receiving and measuring the uplink reference signal.

[0055] In a fifth aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a transmission point (the transmission point can also be referred to as an access network device, a base station, a network device, etc.), or a circuit in the transmission point, or a chip system (or a chip) in the transmission point. The transmission point is, for example, a satellite, or the transmission point is located on a satellite. Taking the method applied to a first transmission point as an example, the method comprises: determining a seventh offset according to a value of a TPC parameter being zero, and sending the seventh offset; or determining the seventh offset according to a TPC parameter last sent to a terminal device, and sending the seventh offset; wherein the seventh offset is an offset between uplink path loss between the terminal device and a second transmission point and downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device; or the seventh offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part being a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a non-distance reason, and the second downlink path loss part being a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by a non-distance reason.

[0056] In a sixth aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a transmission point (the transmission point can also be referred to as an access network device, a base station, a network device, etc.), or a circuit in the transmission point, or a chip system (or a chip) in the transmission point. The transmission point is, for example, a satellite, or the transmission point is located on a satellite. Taking the method applied to a first transmission point as an example, the method comprises: determining an eighth offset, and sending the eighth offset; wherein the eighth offset is associated with a target transmission point; the eighth offset is an offset between uplink path loss between a terminal device and a second transmission point and downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device, or the eighth offset is an offset between a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a non-distance reason and a part of the downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device caused by a non-distance reason; wherein the target transmission point is the first transmission point; or the method further comprises: sending indication information, the indication information indicating the target transmission point.

[0057] The technical effects brought by the fourth aspect to the sixth aspect can be referred to the introduction of the technical effects brought by the first aspect to the third aspect.

[0058] In a seventh aspect, a communication apparatus is provided with a function to implement the method in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, e.g., the communication apparatus includes modules or units or means for performing the method in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, which can be implemented in software, or in hardware, or in a combination of software and hardware. In one possible implementation, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also called processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also called transceiver module). The transceiver unit is capable of implementing the transmitting function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the transmitting function, it can be referred to as a transmitting unit (sometimes also called transmitting module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also called receiving module). The transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, which is referred to as a transceiver unit, and is capable of implementing the transmitting function and the receiving function. Alternatively, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is a general term for these functional modules.

[0059] For example, the processing unit is configured to generate the uplink signal.

[0060] The transceiver unit is configured to transmit the uplink signal to the second transmission point based on the uplink transmit power. The uplink transmit power is related to an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point. The uplink path loss is related to a first downlink path loss, a first offset, and a second offset. The first offset is an offset between a first uplink path loss part and a first downlink path loss part. The first uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance. The first downlink path loss part is a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by distance. The second offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part. The second uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance. The second downlink path loss part is a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance.

[0061] In one possible design, the first offset is related to a distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, a downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point. For example, the processing unit is further configured to determine the first offset based on the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

[0062] In a possible design, the first downlink path loss part is determined according to a distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device and a downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point; and the first uplink path loss part is determined according to a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point. For example, the processing unit is further configured to determine the first downlink path loss part according to the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device and the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, and determine the first uplink path loss part according to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

[0063] In a possible design, the transceiver is further configured to receive the second offset.

[0064] In a possible design, the second offset is related to a third offset and a fourth offset, the third offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point, and the fourth offset is an offset between a third uplink path loss part and a fourth uplink path loss part, the third uplink path loss part is a distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point, and the fourth uplink path loss part is a distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the first transmission point.

[0065] In a possible design, the fourth offset is related to a distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

[0066] For example, the third uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, and the fourth uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point.

[0067] In a possible design, the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the first transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device, and the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the second transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device.

[0068] In a possible design, the second offset is related to a fifth offset and a sixth offset, the fifth offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point, and the sixth offset is an offset between a fifth uplink path loss part and a sixth uplink path loss part, the fifth uplink path loss part is a distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point, and the sixth uplink path loss part is a distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the third transmission point.

[0069] In a possible design, the sixth offset is related to a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier corresponding to the second transmission point, a distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier corresponding to the third transmission point.

[0070] For example, the fifth uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier corresponding to the second transmission point; and the sixth uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier corresponding to the third transmission point.

[0071] In a possible design, the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the first transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device; and the distance between the terminal device and the third transmission point is determined according to ephemeris information of the third transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device.

[0072] In a possible design, the transceiver is further configured to send the uplink reference signal.

[0073] In a possible design, the transceiver is further configured to receive the TPC parameter; and the processor is further configured to locally cache the TPC parameter at the terminal device, and the uplink transmit power is further related to the latest TPC parameter locally cached at the terminal device.

[0074] In a possible design, the transceiver is further configured to receive an updated second offset; and the processor is further configured to clear the TPC parameter locally cached at the terminal device, and update the uplink transmit power according to the updated second offset.

[0075] In a possible design, the processor is further configured to receive an updated second offset, the updated second offset being related to the latest TPC parameter locally cached at the terminal device; and the processor is further configured to update the uplink transmit power according to the updated second offset.

[0076] In a possible design, the TPC parameter has a bit number greater than 2.

[0077] In an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided with a function of implementing the method in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect, e.g., the communication apparatus includes modules or units or means for performing the method in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect, which can be implemented in software, or in hardware, or in a combination of software and hardware. In one possible implementation, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also called processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also called transceiver module). The transceiver unit is capable of implementing the transmitting function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the transmitting function, it can be referred to as a transmitting unit (sometimes also called transmitting module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also called receiving module). The transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, which is referred to as the transceiver unit, and is capable of implementing the transmitting function and the receiving function. Alternatively, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is a general term for these functional modules.

[0078] For example, the transceiver unit is configured to receive the seventh offset, and the processing unit is configured to clear the TPC parameter locally cached by the terminal device and update the uplink transmission power used by the terminal device for sending the uplink signal to the second transmission point according to the seventh offset. Alternatively, the transceiver unit is configured to receive the seventh offset, the seventh offset being related to the latest TPC parameter locally cached by the terminal device, and the processing unit is configured to update the uplink transmission power used by the terminal device for sending the uplink signal to the second transmission point according to the seventh offset.

[0079] The seventh offset is the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device. Alternatively, the seventh offset is the offset between the second uplink path loss part and the second downlink path loss part. The second uplink path loss part is the uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by factors other than distance. The second downlink path loss part is the downlink path loss part between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by factors other than distance.

[0080] In a ninth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided with a function of implementing the method in the third aspect or any possible design of the third aspect, e.g., the communication apparatus includes modules or units or means for performing the method in the third aspect or any possible design of the third aspect, which can be implemented in software, or in hardware, or in a combination of software and hardware. In one possible implementation, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also called processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also called transceiver module). The transceiver unit is capable of implementing the transmitting function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the transmitting function, it can be referred to as a transmitting unit (sometimes also called transmitting module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also called receiving module). The transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, which is referred to as the transceiver unit, and is capable of implementing the transmitting function and the receiving function. Alternatively, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is a general term for these functional modules.

[0081] For example, the transceiver unit is configured to receive the eighth offset from the first transmission point, and the eighth offset is associated with the target transmission point.

[0082] The processing unit is configured to send an uplink signal to the second transmission point based on an uplink transmit power, and the uplink transmit power is determined according to a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device and the eighth offset. The eighth offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device, or the eighth offset is an offset between a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons and a part of the downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons.

[0083] In one possible design, the target transmission point is the first transmission point.

[0084] In one possible design, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive indication information, and the indication information indicates the target transmission point. The processing unit is further configured to determine, according to the indication information, that the eighth offset is associated with the target transmission point.

[0085] In a tenth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided with a function to implement the method in the fourth aspect or in any possible design of the fourth aspect, for example, the communication apparatus includes a module or unit or means for performing the method in the fourth aspect or in any possible design of the fourth aspect, which can be implemented in software, or implemented in hardware, or implemented in a combination of software and hardware. In an optional implementation, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (also referred to as a processing module) and a transceiver unit (also referred to as a transceiver module). The transceiver unit can implement the sending function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it can be referred to as a sending unit (also referred to as a sending module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (also referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, which is referred to as a transceiver unit and can implement the sending function and the receiving function. Alternatively, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit refers to these functional modules in general.

[0086] For example, the processing unit is configured to determine a second offset, the second offset being an offset between a second uplink loss part and a second downlink loss part, the second uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a factor other than distance, and the second downlink loss part being a part of downlink loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by a factor other than distance; and the transceiver unit is configured to send the second offset.

[0087] In an optional design, the second offset is related to a third offset and a fourth offset, the third offset being an offset between uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and uplink loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point, and the fourth offset being an offset between a third uplink loss part and a fourth uplink loss part, the third uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance, and the fourth uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by distance. For example, the processing unit is further configured to determine the second offset according to the third offset and the fourth offset.

[0088] In an optional design, the fourth offset is related to a distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point. For example, the processing unit is further configured to determine the third offset according to the uplink loss corresponding to the second transmission point and the uplink loss corresponding to the first transmission point. The transceiver unit is further configured to receive an uplink reference signal, and the processing unit is further configured to measure the uplink reference signal to obtain the uplink loss corresponding to the first transmission point.

[0089] In a possible design, the second offset is related to a fifth offset and a sixth offset; the fifth offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point; the sixth offset is an offset between a fifth uplink path loss part and a sixth uplink path loss part, where the fifth uplink path loss part is a distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point, and the sixth uplink path loss part is a distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the third transmission point. For example, the processing unit is further configured to determine the second offset according to the fifth offset and the sixth offset.

[0090] In a possible design, the sixth offset is related to a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, a distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the third transmission point. For example, the processing unit is further configured to determine the fifth offset according to an uplink path loss corresponding to the third transmission point and an uplink path loss corresponding to the second transmission point. The uplink path loss corresponding to the second transmission point is obtained by the second transmission point receiving and measuring an uplink reference signal; and the uplink path loss corresponding to the third transmission point is obtained by the third transmission point receiving and measuring an uplink reference signal.

[0091] In a possible design, the processing unit is further configured to determine the second offset according to the fifth offset and the sixth offset.

[0092] Exemplarily, the processing unit is configured to determine the seventh offset according to a value of the TPC parameter being zero, and the transceiving unit is configured to transmit the seventh offset; or the processing unit is configured to determine the seventh offset according to the TPC parameter last transmitted to the terminal device, and the transceiving unit is configured to transmit the seventh offset. The seventh offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device; or the seventh offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part being a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a non-distance reason, and the second downlink path loss part being a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by the non-distance reason.

[0093] In a twelfth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus has the function of implementing the method in the sixth aspect or any possible design of the sixth aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a module or unit or means for performing the method in the sixth aspect or any possible design of the sixth aspect. The module or unit or means can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. In one possible design, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit and a transceiving unit. The transceiving unit can implement the function of transmitting and the function of receiving. When the transceiving unit implements the function of transmitting, the transceiving unit can be referred to as a transmitting unit. When the transceiving unit implements the function of receiving, the transceiving unit can be referred to as a receiving unit. The transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, which can implement the function of transmitting and the function of receiving. Alternatively, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiving unit refers to both of the functional modules.

[0094] Exemplarily, the processing unit is configured to determine the eighth offset; and the transceiving unit is configured to transmit the eighth offset. The eighth offset is associated with a target transmission point. The eighth offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device, or the eighth offset is an offset between a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by a non-distance reason and a part of the downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device caused by the non-distance reason. The target transmission point is the first transmission point. Alternatively, the method further includes transmitting indication information, the indication information indicating the target transmission point.

[0095] In a thirteenth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, the communication apparatus comprising at least one processor; and a communication interface connected with the at least one processor; wherein the at least one processor, by executing instructions stored in a memory, causes the apparatus to perform the method described in any one of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect through the communication interface.

[0096] Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a memory. The memory is located in the communication apparatus or outside the communication apparatus.

[0097] In a fourteenth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, the computer readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, when the computer program is run on a computer, causes the method described in any one of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect to be performed.

[0098] In a fifteenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprises a computer program, when the computer program is run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method described in any one of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect.

[0099] The technical effects brought by the seventh aspect to the fifteenth aspect can refer to the introduction of the technical effects brought by the first aspect to the sixth aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0100] FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of spectrum efficiency of centralized satellite and distributed satellite;

[0101] FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram of throughput considering interference and not considering interference;

[0102] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of sTRP scenario;

[0103] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of downlink sTRP / uplink mTRP scenario;

[0104] FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of uplink path loss and downlink path loss of orbit height 350km;

[0105] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] FIGS. 8A-8D are schematic diagrams of several transmission scenarios provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] FIG. 9 is a specific example of uplink transmission power control provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] FIG. 11 is a flow chart of another communication method according to an embodiment of the application;

[0111] FIG. 12 is a flow chart of another communication method according to an embodiment of the application;

[0112] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application;

[0113] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0114] Some technical terms related to the embodiments of the application are introduced as follows.

[0115] 1) terminal device: a device with wireless transceiver function. The terminal device can be a fixed device, a mobile device, a handheld device (such as a mobile phone), a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or a wireless device (such as a communication module, a modem, or a chip system, etc.) built into the above devices. The terminal device is used to connect people, things, machines, etc. and can be widely used in various scenarios, such as but not limited to the following scenarios: sensing scenarios, cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine / machine-type communications (M2M / MTC), internet of things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, unmanned aerial vehicle, robot, indoor commercial scenarios (such as mobile phone screen projection, file sharing, mobile phone video transmission to VR glasses), etc. When the terminal device is applied to V2X, it can also be referred to as a V2X device, such as a smart car, a digital car, an unmanned car, a self-driving car, a pure EV, a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a range extended EV (REEV), a plug-in HEV (PHEV), a new energy vehicle, a road site unit (RSU), etc. The terminal device can also be a device in D2D communication, such as a water meter, a power meter, etc.

[0116] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an internet of things (IoT) system. The IoT is an important part of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through communication technology and network, so as to realize the intelligent network of man-machine interconnection and object-object interconnection.

[0117] As introduced above, various terminal devices can be considered as on-board terminal devices if they are located on a vehicle (for example, placed in or installed in a vehicle), and the on-board terminal device is also referred to as an on-board unit (OBU). The terminal device of the present application can also be an on-board module, an on-board module group, an on-board component, an on-board chip or an on-board unit built in a vehicle as one or more components or units, and the vehicle can implement the method of the present application through the built-in on-board module, on-board module group, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit.

[0118] The terminal device can also be referred to as a UE, a terminal, an access station, a UE station, a remote station, a wireless communication device, or a user device, etc.

[0119] In the embodiments of the present application, the communication device for implementing the function of the terminal device can be a terminal-side device, which is also referred to as a terminal device. The terminal device can be a terminal device, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the function, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal device. In the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the communication device for implementing the function of the terminal device is taken as an example of the terminal device to describe the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0120] 2) Access network device: a network device with wireless transceiver function, used for communicating with the terminal device. The access network device includes but is not limited to a base station (base transceiver station (BTS), Node B, evolved Node B (eNodeB) / eNB, or the next generation Node B (gNodeB) / gNB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a base station of subsequent evolution of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP), an access node in a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, etc. The base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, a small station, a relay station, etc. Multiple base stations can support a network of the same access technology or a network of different access technologies. A base station can include one or more co-sited or non-co-sited transmission reception points. The access network device can also be a wireless controller, a central unit (CU), and / or a distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. The access network device can also be a server, etc. For example, the access network device in V2X technology can be a road side unit (RSU). The following describes the access network device by taking a base station as an example. The base station can communicate with the terminal device or communicate with the terminal device through a relay station. The terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies. The core network device is used to implement mobile management, data processing, session management, policy and charging, etc. The device names for implementing core network functions in systems of different access technologies can be different, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Taking the 5th generation (5G) system as an example, the core network device includes, for example, an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a policy control function (PCF), or a user plane function (UPF), etc.

[0121] In the CU-DU architecture, the access network device can include one or more of a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), and the like. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0122] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open RAN (ORAN) system, the CU can also be referred to as an open CU (O-CU), the DU can also be referred to as an open DU (O-DU), the CU-CP can also be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP), the CU-UP can also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP), and the RU can also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU). For the convenience of description, the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU are taken as examples for description in the embodiments of the present application. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0123] Optionally, in various embodiments of the present application, if the access network device is a distributed architecture, for example, the access network device includes a CU and a DU, or includes a CU-CP, a CU-UP, and a DU, the access network device sends information to the terminal device, and specifically, the DU included in the access network device can send information to the terminal device; the access network device receives information from the terminal device, and specifically, the DU included in the access network device can receive information from the terminal device.

[0124] In the embodiments of the present application, the communication device for implementing the function of the access network device can be a network side device, which is also referred to as a network device. The network device can be an access network device, or a device capable of supporting the access network device to implement the function, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the access network device.

[0125] 3) Core network, used to implement functions such as user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, and charging. The core network can include multiple functional units, such as multiple core network devices, which can include control plane devices and data plane devices. For example, one core network device is an access and mobility management function (AMF), responsible for user access management, security authentication, and mobility management. For another example, another core network device is a user plane function (UPF), responsible for managing the transmission of user plane data, traffic statistics, and other functions. For another example, still another core network device is a session management function (SMF), responsible for session management of terminal devices, and can allocate resources, release resources, and the like for sessions of terminal devices.

[0126] 4) Uplink path loss and downlink path loss: the uplink path loss refers to the loss of a signal on an uplink path, and the uplink path is, for example, a path from a terminal device to a transmission point. Correspondingly, the downlink path loss refers to the loss of a signal on a downlink path, and the downlink path is, for example, a path from the transmission point to the terminal device. In some embodiments, the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the transmission point can also be referred to as the uplink path loss of the transmission point or the uplink path loss of the terminal device, and the downlink path loss between the transmission point and the terminal device can also be referred to as the downlink path loss of the transmission point or the downlink path loss of the terminal device.

[0127] 5) In the embodiments of the present application, the number of nouns, unless otherwise specified, represents "a singular noun or a plural noun", that is, "one or more". "At least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. The association relationship of the associated objects is described, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects. For example, A / B represents A or B. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c represents a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0128] The ordinal numbers "first", "second", and the like mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit the size, content, order, time sequence, priority, or importance of the plurality of objects. In addition, the numbering of steps in each embodiment introduced in the present application is only used to distinguish different steps, and is not used to limit the order of the steps.

[0129] The technical features related to the embodiments of the present application are introduced below.

[0130] Future satellite systems have two main features, namely large-scale constellation and high-gain antenna. For large-scale constellation, Starlink gen2 is expected to send 30000 satellites, and as of November 2023, Starlink has more than 5000 satellites in orbit. In the large-scale constellation scenario, a terminal device on the ground can observe multiple satellites at the same time, and the number of satellites that can be observed by different terminal devices can be different. Taking Starlink gen1 layer 0 satellite as an example, with an orbital height of 550 degrees, an inclination of 53 degrees, and a constellation specification of 72*22, a terminal device in the mid-high latitude zone can receive coverage from nearly 20 satellites at the same time. For high-gain antennas, taking AST (a satellite of a company headquartered in Texas, USA, named AST SpaceMobile) as an example, its payload can install an antenna array as high as 64 square meters. Due to the high antenna gain on the satellite side, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR or C / N) can be improved by up to 20 dB.

[0131] Large-scale constellation and high-gain antenna provide a prerequisite for multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO). Multiple-in MIMO can bring the improvement of terminal device rate, which can be divided into two aspects of spectrum efficiency improvement and throughput improvement:

[0132] (1) Spectrum efficiency improvement: under the same power and the same number of antennas, compared with centralized satellites, distributed satellites can obtain higher spectrum efficiency in the high SNR interval, as shown in FIG. 1, which is a comparison diagram of spectrum efficiency of centralized satellites and distributed satellites.

[0133] (2) Throughput improvement: compared with single satellites, multiple satellites of the same specification can greatly improve the throughput. As shown in FIG. 2, it is a comparison diagram of throughput considering interference and not considering interference. In the case of not considering interference, the throughput can show linear growth; in the case of considering interference, the throughput first increases, and when it increases to a certain amount, due to interference limitation, the throughput decreases.

[0134] Overall, future satellite systems evolve towards large-scale constellation and high-gain antenna, which provides a prerequisite for multi-satellite joint transmission. Through analysis, multi-satellite joint transmission can not only improve spectrum efficiency, but also improve throughput, and has great application prospect.

[0135] In a communication system, power control method is used for uplink transmission of terminal devices. For terminal devices, uplink power control is to determine appropriate uplink (UL) transmission power according to actual system conditions. To perform uplink power control, it is generally necessary to calculate the uplink loss. In a terrestrial network (TN), terminal devices generally estimate the uplink loss by using downlink reference signals.

[0136] For example, for a single transmission reception point (sTRP) scenario, that is, a terminal device communicates with a transmission point (the transmission point is, for example, a ground base station or located on a ground base station), as shown in FIG. 3, the transmission point supports downlink (DL) transmission and uplink transmission at the same time, and the terminal device can estimate the uplink loss by using the downlink reference signal, that is, PL UL = PL DL, wherein PL UL represents the uplink loss from the terminal device to the transmission point, and PL DL represents the downlink loss from the transmission point to the terminal device.

[0137] In a multi-transmission point scenario, for example, a downlink single transmission point (single TRP, sTRP) / uplink multiple transmission point (multiple TRP, mTRP), the terminal device can communicate with multiple transmission points, if only a single transmission point in the multiple transmission points simultaneously supports downlink transmission and uplink transmission, and other transmission points do not support downlink transmission (i.e., only support uplink transmission), as shown in FIG. 4, then the terminal device can determine the uplink path loss between the terminal device and other transmission points based on the downlink path loss between the single transmission point and the terminal device, network indicated offset, for example, PL UL2 = PL DL1 + offset, where PL UL2 represents the uplink path loss between the terminal device and transmission point 2, PL DL1 represents the downlink path loss between transmission point 1 and the terminal device, and offset is the network indicated offset.

[0138] In TN, the above power control scheme has rationality. Specifically, for time division duplex (TDD) spectrum, the uplink carrier frequency and the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the same transmission point are the same, so it is reasonable to estimate the uplink path loss using the downlink path loss; for frequency division duplex (FDD) spectrum, since the uplink carrier frequency and the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the same transmission point are different, there is a risk of uplink-downlink asymmetry, but ground FDD is mainly in FR1, and the frequency difference between DL and UL is small, in addition, the distance difference between different transmission points is also small, so directly using the method of PL UL2 = PL DL1 + offset to estimate the uplink path loss error is not large and can be accepted. For example, for ground FR1 frequency range, the distance difference of 500 meters, the PL of DL is 92.23 dB, and the PL of UL is 93.04 dB, the difference is relatively small. Therefore, using the above method, the problem can be solved.

[0139] However, for non-terrestrial network (NTN) (such as satellite communication system), the distance between the transmission point (the transmission point is, for example, a satellite or located on a satellite) and the terminal device is far, resulting in (especially in frequency division duplex (FDD) mode) a large difference between the uplink path loss and the downlink path loss corresponding to the same transmission point, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, which is a comparison diagram of uplink path loss and downlink path loss at an orbital height of 350 km, so the power control scheme in TN above has the problem of inaccurate uplink path loss estimation for NTN.

[0140] In addition, the link budget of the downlink and uplink of the NTN is insufficient, resulting in a large number of DL mTRP / UL mTRP scenarios, and the same terminal device can simultaneously observe multiple transmission points supporting downlink transmission. The terminal device is not clear about the offset of the network indication, and thus the uplink loss estimation is not accurate or even fails.

[0141] In view of this, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to NTN or TN, and can improve the accuracy of uplink loss estimation, thereby helping to improve the reliability of uplink power control.

[0142] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied in the 4th generation (4G) system, such as the long term evolution (LTE) system, or can be applied in the 5th generation (5G) system, such as the new radio (NR) system, or can also be applied in the next generation mobile communication system or other similar communication system, such as the 6th generation (6G) system, etc., or applied in the existing satellite mobile communication technology system, and the specific limitation is not made. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to NTN, or can also be used for TN, such as ground cellular network, etc. For example, for the scene with uplink power control, the embodiments of the present application can be applied. In addition, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to the D2D scene, such as the NR-D2D scene, etc., or applied to the V2X scene, such as the NR-V2X scene, etc. For example, the embodiments of the present application can be used in the fields of factory manufacturing, whole-house intelligence, intelligent driving, assisted driving, intelligent networked vehicles, or indoor commercial scenes, etc.

[0143] Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 6 shows an NTN scenario. In FIG. 6, the terminal device on the ground accesses the network through 5G new radio (NR). The access network device (for example, a 5G base station) can be deployed on a satellite, or the satellite can be regarded as an access network device, which can be connected to the core network on the ground through a wireless link. At the same time, there is a wireless link between satellites to complete signaling interaction and user data transmission between base stations. Among them, the terminal device can be served by multiple access network devices, for example, access network device 1 and access network device 2 in FIG. 6 can serve the terminal device. For example, access network device 1 and access network device 2 correspond to different satellites, and this scenario can be multi-satellite joint transmission. In addition, if there are multiple satellites, there can be a wireless link between the satellites, so that signaling interaction and / or user data transmission between the satellites can be completed.

[0144] The ground station is responsible for forwarding signaling and service data between the satellite and the core network, such as a 5G core network.

[0145] 5G NR can be used as a wireless link between the terminal device and the access network device. In some embodiments, the 5G NR in FIG. 6 can also be replaced by other wireless communication links, such as a 6G communication link.

[0146] The Xn interface is an interface between access network devices, which can be used for signaling interaction between access network devices.

[0147] The next generation (NG) interface is an interface between the access network device and the core network device, which can be used for signaling and user service data of the non-access stratum (NAS) of the core network, etc.

[0148] It should be noted that the names of the various network elements in FIG. 6 are only examples, and the present application does not exclude the possibility that the various network elements will have other names in the future, as well as the possibility that the functions of the various network elements will be combined. With the evolution of technology, any device or network element that can realize the functions of the above-mentioned network elements is within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, other network elements can also be included in the above network architecture, which is not limited in the present application.

[0149] The interface names between the various network elements are only examples, and the names of the interfaces in the specific implementation can be other names, which are not limited in the present application. In addition, the names of the messages (or signaling) transmitted between the above-mentioned various network elements are also only examples, and do not constitute any limitation on the functions of the messages themselves.

[0150] The network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of network architecture and the appearance of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0151] The method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The various embodiments herein can be applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 6. For example, the terminal device described in the various embodiments herein can be the terminal device shown in FIG. 6, and the transmission point described in the various embodiments herein can be a network device in communication with the terminal device, for example, the access network device 1 or the access network device 2 shown in FIG. 6. The access network device 1 or the access network device 2 may, for example, be a serving satellite of the terminal device or be located on the serving satellite of the terminal device. The number of transmission points (or satellites or access network devices) in communication with the terminal device can be multiple, for example, including the access network device 1 and the access network device 2 shown in FIG. 6.

[0152] Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a flowchart of a communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method can be executed by a terminal device or a chip in the terminal device. Taking the execution by the terminal device as an example, the method includes steps S701-S702:

[0153] S701, generating an uplink signal;

[0154] S702, transmitting the uplink signal to a second transmission point based on an uplink transmission power. The uplink transmission power is related to an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point. In other words, the uplink transmission power is determined according to the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point, for example, the terminal device can determine the uplink transmission power according to the uplink path loss.

[0155] In the embodiments of the present application, the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point can be related to a downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device, a first offset and a second offset. For example, the terminal device can determine the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point according to the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device, the first offset and the second offset.

[0156] The downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device refers to the actual path loss (or total path loss) on the downlink between the first transmission point and the terminal device.

[0157] The first offset is an offset between a first uplink path loss part and a first downlink path loss part. The first uplink path loss part is a distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point. The first downlink path loss part is a distance-caused downlink path loss part between the first transmission point and the terminal device. In other words, the first offset is an offset between the distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the distance-caused downlink path loss part between the first transmission point and the terminal device.

[0158] The second offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part. The second uplink path loss part is a non-distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point. The second downlink path loss part is a non-distance-caused downlink path loss part between the first transmission point and the terminal device. In other words, the second offset is an offset between the non-distance-caused uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the non-distance-caused downlink path loss part between the first transmission point and the terminal device.

[0159] For ease of description, in the following, “PL UL2” is used to represent the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point, “PL DL1” is used to represent the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device, “FSPL offset1” is used to represent the first offset, and “Other offset” is used to represent the second offset.

[0160] The following describes the acquisition manners of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device, the first offset, and the second offset, respectively.

[0161] 1) The downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device (i.e., PL DL1):

[0162] PL DL1 is the actual downlink path loss from the first transmission point to the terminal device, which can be obtained based on a downlink reference signal. For example, the second transmission point transmits a downlink reference signal, the terminal device receives the downlink reference signal, measures the received downlink reference signal, and determines PL DL1 according to the measurement result.

[0163] 2) The first offset (i.e., FSPL offset1):

[0164] Specifically, the first offset can be related to the distance from the first transmission point to the terminal device, the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, the distance from the second transmission point to the terminal device, and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point. For example, the terminal device can determine the first offset according to the distance from the first transmission point to the terminal device, the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, the distance from the second transmission point to the terminal device, and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

[0165] For the convenience of description, "fc_dl_1" is used to represent the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, "dis_1" is used to represent the distance from the first transmission point to the terminal device, "fc_ul_2" is used to represent the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, and "dis_2" is used to represent the distance from the second transmission point to the terminal device.

[0166] For example, the first downlink path loss part is determined according to the distance from the first transmission point to the terminal device and the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, and the first uplink path loss part is determined according to the distance from the second transmission point to the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point. The terminal device can determine the first downlink path loss part according to the distance from the first transmission point to the terminal device and the downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, determine the first uplink path loss part according to the distance from the second transmission point to the terminal device and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, and then determine the first offset according to the first downlink path loss part and the first uplink path loss part, for example: FSPL_offset1 = f(dis_2, fc_ul_2) - f(dis_1, fc_dl_1), where f(dis_2, fc_ul_2) represents the first downlink path loss part, that is, the first downlink path loss part is a function of dis_2 and fc_ul_2, and f(dis_1, fc_dl_1) represents the first uplink path loss part, that is, the first uplink path loss part is a function of dis_1 and fc_dl_1.

[0167] In a possible implementation, the distance from the first transmission point to the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the first transmission point and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) information of the terminal device, and the distance from the second transmission point to the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the second transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device. For example, the terminal device can obtain the ephemeris information of the first transmission point, the GNSS information of the terminal device, and the ephemeris information of the second transmission point, determine the distance from the first transmission point to the terminal device according to the ephemeris information of the first transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device, and determine the distance from the second transmission point to the terminal device according to the ephemeris information of the second transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device.

[0168] In a possible implementation, the terminal device can obtain the downlink carrier frequency of the first transmission point and the uplink carrier frequency of the second transmission point according to the BWP configuration.

[0169] 3) Second offset (i.e., Other_offset):

[0170] The terminal device can receive the second offset, i.e., the second offset can be sent to the terminal device by another device. The device sending the second offset can be a network device, e.g., any transmission point supporting downlink transmission to the terminal device.

[0171] For example, the first transmission point determines and sends the second offset, and the terminal device receives the second offset sent by the first transmission point. In a specific implementation, the second offset can be calculated by the first transmission point, or calculated by another transmission point and then sent to the first transmission point, without limitation. For ease of description, the following examples are based on the second offset being calculated by the first transmission point. The method for calculating the second offset by another transmission point can refer to the method for calculating the second offset by the first transmission point.

[0172] In a possible scenario, the first transmission point supports both downlink and uplink, e.g., as shown in FIG. 8A. In this case, the first transmission point can first determine the third offset and the fourth offset, and then determine the second offset according to the third offset and the fourth offset. (Of course, another transmission point can also determine the second offset according to the third offset and the fourth offset, and then send it to the first transmission point.)

[0173] The third offset refers to the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point.

[0174] For ease of description, in the following, A_offset(PL2-PL1) is used to represent the third offset, PL_UL_2 is used to represent the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point, and PL_UL_1 is used to represent the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point.

[0175] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can determine the third offset according to the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point, e.g., A_offset(PL2-PL1)=PL_UL_2-PL_UL_1. It can be understood that the third offset can be calculated by the first transmission point, or calculated by another transmission point and then sent to the first transmission point, without limitation.

[0176] PL_UL_2 is the actual uplink path loss (or total path loss) of the terminal device to the second transmission point, which can be obtained based on the uplink reference signal. For example, the terminal device transmits the uplink reference signal, the second transmission point receives the uplink reference signal, the second transmission point measures the received uplink reference signal, and determines PL_UL_2 according to the measurement result. Optionally, if the third offset is calculated by other transmission points (such as the first transmission point), the second transmission point can send PL_UL_2 to other transmission points; if the third offset is calculated by the second transmission point, the second transmission point needs to obtain PL_UL_1 from the first transmission point.

[0177] PL_UL_1 is the actual uplink path loss (or total path loss) of the terminal device to the first transmission point, which can be obtained based on the uplink reference signal. For example, the terminal device transmits the uplink reference signal, the first transmission point receives the uplink reference signal, the first transmission point measures the received uplink reference signal, and determines PL_UL_1 according to the measurement result. Optionally, if the third offset is calculated by other transmission points (such as the second transmission point), the first transmission point can send PL_UL_1 to other transmission points; if the third offset is calculated by the first transmission point, the first transmission point needs to obtain PL_UL_2 from the second transmission point.

[0178] The fourth offset refers to the offset between the third uplink path loss part and the fourth uplink path loss part, the third uplink path loss part being the uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance, and the fourth uplink path loss part being the uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by distance.

[0179] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can determine the fourth offset according to the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point (of course, other transmission points can also determine the fourth offset in the above manner and then send it to the first transmission point).

[0180] For ease of description, in the following, "FSPL_offset2" is used to represent the fourth offset, "fc_ul_1" is used to represent the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, "dis_1" is used to represent the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, "fc_ul_2" is used to represent the uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, and "dis_2" is used to represent the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device.

[0181] For example, the first transmission point can determine the third uplink path loss part according to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier corresponding to the second transmission point, and determine the fourth uplink path loss part according to the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier corresponding to the first transmission point. For example, FSPL_offset2 = f(dis_2, fc_ul_2) - f(dis_1, fc_ul_1), where f(dis_2, fc_ul_2) represents the third uplink path loss part, that is, the third uplink path loss part is a function of dis_2 and fc_ul_2, and f(dis_1, fc_ul_1) represents the fourth uplink path loss part, that is, the fourth uplink path loss part is a function of dis_1 and fc_ul_1.

[0182] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can obtain ephemeris information of the first transmission point, GNSS information of the terminal device, and ephemeris information of the second transmission point, determine the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device according to the ephemeris information of the first transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device, and determine the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device according to the ephemeris information of the second transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device (of course, other transmission points can also determine the distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device and / or the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device in the above manner and then send them to the first transmission point).

[0183] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can obtain the uplink carrier of the first transmission point and the uplink carrier of the second transmission point according to the BWP configuration.

[0184] After obtaining the third offset and the fourth offset, the first transmission point can determine the second offset based on the third offset and the fourth offset. For example, the second offset, the third offset, and the fourth offset satisfy the following relationship: second offset = third offset - fourth offset.

[0185] It can be understood that the third offset is the offset between the actually measured uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the actually measured uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point, and the fourth offset is the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the distance and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the distance, and therefore the third offset minus the fourth offset is essentially the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the non-distance reason. Since the path loss (or offset) caused by the non-distance reason is independent of the distance, the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by the non-distance reason can be equal to (or approximately equal to) the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the non-distance reason and the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by the non-distance reason, i.e., the second offset = the third offset minus the fourth offset.

[0186] It should be noted that FIG. 8A takes two TRPs as an example, and in actual application, more TRPs can also exist to communicate with the terminal device at the same time. As long as there is a scenario in which the TRP supporting the downlink transmission is a subset of the TRP supporting the uplink transmission, the above method can be used to calculate the uplink path loss corresponding to any TRP supporting only the uplink transmission in the scenario. For example, as shown in FIG. 8B, there are five TRPs in total, among which TRP1, TRP3, and TRP5 support both uplink and downlink, and TRP2 and TRP4 support only uplink. Therefore, the uplink path loss corresponding to TRP2 and TRP4 can be obtained by the method given in the example of FIG. 8A, which only needs to replace the second transmission point in the above example with TRP2 or TRP4 and replace the first transmission point in the above example with TRP1 or TRP3 or TRP5.

[0187] In a possible scenario, the first transmission point does not support the uplink and only supports the downlink, for example, as shown in FIG. 8C. In this case, the first transmission point can first determine the fifth offset and the sixth offset, and then determine the second offset according to the fifth offset and the sixth offset (of course, other transmission points can also determine the second offset according to the fifth offset and the sixth offset, and then send it to the first transmission point).

[0188] The fifth offset refers to the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point.

[0189] For the convenience of description, the fifth offset is denoted as "A_offset(PL2-PL3)", the uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point is denoted as "PL_UL_2", and the uplink loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point is denoted as "PL_UL_3".

[0190] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can determine the fifth offset according to the uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the uplink loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point, for example: A_offset(PL2-PL3) = PL_UL_2-PL_UL_3. It can be understood that the fifth offset can be calculated by the first transmission point, or calculated by another transmission point (such as the second transmission point or the third transmission point) and sent to the first transmission point, which is not limited.

[0191] PL_UL_2 is the actual uplink loss (or total uplink loss) between the terminal device and the second transmission point, which can be obtained based on the uplink reference signal. For example, the terminal device sends an uplink reference signal, the second transmission point receives the uplink reference signal, the second transmission point measures the received uplink reference signal, and determines PL_UL_2 according to the measurement result. Optionally, if the fifth offset is calculated by another transmission point (such as the first transmission point or the third transmission point), the second transmission point can send PL_UL_2 to the other transmission point; if the fifth offset is calculated by the second transmission point, the second transmission point needs to obtain PL_UL_3 from the third transmission point.

[0192] PL_UL_3 is the actual uplink loss (or total uplink loss) between the terminal device and the third transmission point, which can be obtained based on the uplink reference signal. For example, the terminal device sends an uplink reference signal, the third transmission point receives the uplink reference signal, the third transmission point measures the received uplink reference signal, and determines PL_UL_3 according to the measurement result. Optionally, if the fifth offset is calculated by another transmission point (such as the first transmission point or the second transmission point), the third transmission point can send PL_UL_1 to the other transmission point; if the fifth offset is calculated by the third transmission point, the third transmission point needs to obtain PL_UL_2 from the second transmission point.

[0193] The sixth offset refers to the offset between the fifth uplink loss part and the sixth uplink loss part, the fifth uplink loss part is the uplink loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the distance, and the fourth uplink loss part is the uplink loss part between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by the distance.

[0194] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can determine the sixth offset according to a distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier corresponding to the third transmission point, a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and a sixth offset related to an uplink carrier corresponding to the second transmission point (of course, other transmission points can also determine the sixth offset in the above manner and then send the sixth offset to the first transmission point).

[0195] For ease of description, in the following, "FSPL_offset3" is used to represent the sixth offset, "fc_ul_3" is used to represent the uplink carrier corresponding to the third transmission point, "dis_3" is used to represent the distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, "fc_ul_2" is used to represent the uplink carrier corresponding to the second transmission point, and "dis_2" is used to represent the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device.

[0196] For example, the first transmission point can determine the fifth uplink path loss part according to the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier corresponding to the second transmission point, and determine the sixth uplink path loss part according to the distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device and the uplink carrier corresponding to the third transmission point. For example, FSPL_offset3=f(dis_2,fc_ul_2)-f(dis_3,fc_ul_3), where f(dis_2,fc_ul_2) represents the fifth uplink path loss part, that is, the fifth uplink path loss part is a function of dis_2 and fc_ul_2, and f(dis_3,fc_ul_3) represents the sixth uplink path loss part, that is, the sixth uplink path loss part is a function of dis_3 and fc_ul_3.

[0197] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can obtain ephemeris information of the third transmission point, GNSS information of the terminal device, and ephemeris information of the second transmission point, determine the distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device according to the ephemeris information of the third transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device, and determine the distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device according to the ephemeris information of the second transmission point and the GNSS information of the terminal device.

[0198] In a possible implementation, the first transmission point can obtain the uplink carrier of the third transmission point and the uplink carrier of the second transmission point according to the BWP configuration.

[0199] After obtaining the fifth offset and the sixth offset, the first transmission point can determine the second offset based on the fifth offset and the sixth offset. For example, the second offset, the fifth offset, and the sixth offset satisfy the following relationship: second offset=fifth offset-sixth offset.

[0200] It can be understood that the fifth offset is the offset between the actually measured uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and the actually measured uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point, and the sixth offset is the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by the distance and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by the distance, so the fifth offset minus the sixth offset is essentially the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons and the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by non-distance reasons. Since the path loss (or offset) caused by non-distance reasons is independent of the distance, the offset between the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons and the downlink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by non-distance reasons can be equal to (or approximately equal to) the offset between the uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons and the uplink path loss part between the third transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons, that is, the second offset = the fifth offset minus the sixth offset.

[0201] It should be noted that FIG. 8C takes three TRPs as an example, and in actual application, more TRPs can also exist at the same time to communicate with the terminal device. As long as there is a scenario where the TRP supporting downlink transmission and the TRP supporting downlink transmission have no intersection, the above method can be used to calculate the uplink path loss corresponding to any TRP supporting only uplink transmission in this scenario. For example, as shown in FIG. 8D, there are five TRPs in total, of which TRP1, TRP3, and TRP5 support only downlink, and TRP2 and TRP4 support only uplink. The uplink path loss corresponding to TRP2 and TRP4 can be obtained by the method given in the example in FIG. 8B above. For example, replace the first transmission point in the above with TRP1 or TRP3 or TRP5, replace the second transmission point in the above with TRP2, and replace the third transmission point in the above with TRP4; or, for example, replace the first transmission point in the above with TRP1 or TRP3 or TRP5, replace the third transmission point in the above with TRP2, and replace the second transmission point in the above with TRP4.

[0202] It should be noted that the above scheme for determining the second offset according to the fifth offset and the sixth offset can be applicable not only to the scenario where the TRP supporting downlink transmission and the TRP supporting downlink transmission have no intersection, but also to the scenario where the TRP supporting downlink transmission is a subset of the TRP supporting uplink transmission. In other words, when the first transmission point shown in FIG. 8C supports both uplink and downlink, the above scheme can also be used to estimate the uplink path loss of the second transmission point.

[0203] In the embodiments of the present application, when estimating the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point, the offset used for estimation includes two parts, i.e., a second offset and a third offset. The second offset is a distance-caused offset (which can be calculated by the terminal device), and the third offset is a non-distance-caused offset (which can be calculated by the network and then indicated to the terminal device). Compared with the prior art in which only one offset is indicated by the network, the above scheme can improve the accuracy of uplink path loss estimation, and can also ensure the accuracy of uplink path loss estimation results in the NTN scenario, thereby facilitating improvement of the accuracy of uplink power control and improvement of the reliability of communication.

[0204] After the terminal device obtains the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device, the first offset and the second offset, the terminal device can determine the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point according to the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device, the first offset and the second offset. For example, PL UL2 = PL DL1 + FSPL offset 1 + Other offset. In one specific example, PL DL1 = 172 dB, FSPL offset 1 = 4 dB, and Other offset = 9 dB, and PL UL2 = PL DL1 + FSPL offset 1 + Other offset = 185 dB can be obtained.

[0205] If the network does not issue the transmission power control (TPC) parameter, the uplink transmit power = P0 + PL UL2 + Other. Wherein, P0 is the expected receive power of the terminal device, which can be issued by the network to the terminal device. Other is another adjustment amount, for example, Other can be related to the number of scheduled resource blocks (RB) resources, link adaptation, etc.

[0206] If the network issues the TPC parameter to the terminal device, the uplink transmit power can also be related to the TPC parameter issued by the network. For example, the uplink transmit power = P0 + PL UL2 + TPC + Other. It can be understood that, for ease of description, TPC can be used to represent the TPC parameter in this paper. In some embodiments, the TPC parameter can also be described as TPC signaling or TPC information, etc.

[0207] Optionally, in embodiments of the present application, the number of bits of the TPC parameter exceeds a threshold value, for example, 2 or 3 or 4, etc. In TN, the number of bits of the TPC parameter is 2, and the values can be -1dB, 0dB, +1dB, +3dB, since the difference between the uplink loss and the downlink loss in TN is small, so 2 bits are sufficient; but in NTN, the difference in satellite loss is large, so the values of the TPC parameter can be expanded, for example, n>2 bits are used for indication, and the type of the indicated values can be greater than 4 (for example, in addition to -1dB, 0dB, +1dB, +3dB, there can also be -6dB, -8.5dB, -15dB, +10dB, etc.). In this way, the reliability of the uplink power control in the NTN network can be further improved.

[0208] In a possible implementation manner, the network (for example, the first transmission point or other transmission point supporting downlink transmission) sends the TPC parameter, and the terminal device receives the TPC parameter and locally caches the received TPC parameter. The terminal device can determine the uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point according to the downlink loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device, the first offset, the second offset, and the latest TPC parameter cached by the terminal device. For example: PL UL2 = PL DL1 + FSPL offset 1 + Other offset. Optionally, the terminal device can only cache the latest received TPC parameter, for example, after receiving the TPC parameter each time, the terminal device clears the last received TPC parameter cached locally.

[0209] Here, a specific example is exemplified, as shown in FIG. 9:

[0210] At t0, the network indicates Other offset = 9dB, and the terminal device obtains the uplink loss estimation between the terminal device and the second transmission point as PL UL2 = PL DL1 + FSPL offset 1 + Other offset = 172dB + 4dB + 9dB = 185dB, and the uplink transmission power is estimated as P0 + PL UL2 = P0 + 185dB - 6dB = P0 + 185dB, which matches the ideal uplink transmission power (where the ideal uplink transmission power refers to the uplink transmission power determined according to the actual uplink loss and the actual TPC);

[0211] At time t1, the network indicates TPC=-6dB, Other_offset is not updated (still 9dB), the terminal device obtains the uplink loss estimation between the terminal device and the second transmission point as PL UL2 = PL DL1 + FSPL offset 1 + Other_offset = 172dB + 5dB + 9dB = 188dB, and the uplink transmission power estimation is P0 + PL UL2 + TPC = P0 + 185dB - 6dB = P0 + 182dB, which matches the ideal uplink transmission power;

[0212] At time t2, the network indicates TPC=-8.5dB, Other_offset is not updated, the terminal device obtains the uplink loss estimation between the terminal device and the second transmission point as PL UL2 = PL DL1 + FSPL offset 1 + Other_offset = 175dB + 5.5dB + 9dB = 189.5dB, and the uplink transmission power estimation is P0 + PL UL2 + TPC = P0 + 189.5dB - 8.5dB = P0 + 181dB, which matches the ideal uplink transmission power;

[0213] At time t3, the network indicates TPC=-15dB, Other_offset is not updated, the terminal device obtains the uplink loss estimation between the terminal device and the second transmission point as PL UL2 = PL DL1 + FSPL offset 1 + Other_offset = 178dB + 7dB + 9dB = 194dB, and the uplink transmission power estimation is P0 + PL UL2 + TPC = P0 + 194dB - 15dB = P0 + 179dB, which matches the ideal uplink transmission power;

[0214] At the moment t4, the network indicates a new Other_offset=-7dB, the TPC parameter should be updated, but the network does not indicate a new Other_offset, the terminal device still uses the previous TPC parameter, that is, estimates the uplink transmission power according to the TPC=-15dB, then the uplink path loss estimation between the terminal device and the second transmission point is PL_UL2=PL_DL1+FSPL offset1+Other_offset=177dB+8dB-7dB=178dB, and the uplink transmission power estimation is P0+PL_UL2+TPC=P0+178dB-15dB=P0+163dB. As shown in FIG. 9, at the moment t4, the actual uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point is 178dB, and the actual TPC is 0, so the ideal uplink transmission power is P0+178dB. It can be seen that in the scenario of updating the Other_offset, the network does not indicate the new TPC parameter, and the terminal device still calculates the uplink transmission power by using the previous TPC parameter, which may cause the problem of uplink path loss estimation error and further cause the problem of uplink transmission power calculation error.

[0215] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide the following two solutions.

[0216] Solution 1: When the Other_offset is updated, the TPC parameter is cleared.

[0217] For example, the network determines the updated second offset with the TPC parameter being 0; the network sends the updated second offset (i.e., Other_offset) and receives the updated second offset; the terminal device clears the locally cached TPC parameter; the terminal device updates the uplink transmission power according to the updated second offset; and the terminal device sends the uplink signal by using the updated uplink transmission power.

[0218] According to this method, at the moment t4, the uplink path loss estimation between the terminal device and the second transmission point is PL_UL2=PL_DL1+FSPL offset1+Other_offset=177dB+8dB-7dB=178dB, and the uplink transmission power estimation is P0+PL_UL2+0=P0+178dB.

[0219] This implementation improves the uplink transmission power estimation method at the terminal device side, and can ensure the accuracy of the uplink power control of the terminal device when the Other_offset is updated.

[0220] Solution 2: The updated second offset is related to the latest TPC parameter locally cached by the terminal device.

[0221] When the Other_offset is updated, the network device updates the second offset based on the last time of determination (i.e., the latest TPC parameter currently saved by the terminal device); the network device updates the second offset; and the terminal device updates the uplink transmission power based on the updated second offset.

[0222] According to this method, at t4, when calculating the downlink Other_offset, the network considers the previously downlink TPC parameter (i.e., -15 dB) to determine the Other_offset, for example, the original Other_offset is -7 dB, so that the downlink Other_offset is original Other_offset - last time of downlink TPC = -7 dB - (-15 dB) = 8 dB. Based on this, the uplink loss estimation between the terminal device and the second transmission point is PL_UL2 = PL_DL1 + FSPL offset1 + Other_offset = 177 dB + 8 dB + 8 dB = 193 dB, and the uplink transmission power estimation is P0 + PL_UL2 + TPC = P0 + 193 dB - 15 dB = P0 + 178 dB.

[0223] This implementation, the method of downlink Other_offset by the network, can ensure the accuracy of the uplink power control of the terminal device when the Other_offset is updated.

[0224] It can be understood that the method provided by the above two methods can be applied to other offset update scenarios, such as offset update scenarios in TN, in addition to being applicable to the scenario of updating the second offset in the embodiments of the application.

[0225] Referring to FIG. 10, the communication method provided by the embodiments of the application can be applied to the NTN scenario (such as the scenario shown in FIG. 6) or the TN scenario, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0226] S1001, the first transmission point determines the seventh offset according to the value of the TPC parameter being zero;

[0227] It can be understood that S1001 can be performed by the first transmission point or by other transmission points, and is not limited, and here is taken as an example of the first transmission point.

[0228] S1002, the first transmission point sends the seventh offset, and the terminal device receives the seventh offset;

[0229] Similarly, here is taken as an example of the first transmission point downlink seventh offset, and the actual seventh offset can also be downlinked by other transmission points, and is not limited.

[0230] S1003, the terminal device clears the local cached TPC parameter;

[0231] S1004, the terminal device updates, according to the seventh offset, uplink transmission power used by the terminal device for sending an uplink signal to the second transmission point.

[0232] The seventh offset is an offset between uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device (for example, the seventh offset is offset indicated by the network in TN); or the seventh offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part is a part of uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons, and the second downlink path loss part is a part of downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons (for example, the seventh offset is Other_offset described above).

[0233] In the scheme shown in FIG. 10, when the offset indicated by the network is updated, the terminal device can ensure the accuracy of uplink power control of the terminal device by calculating the uplink transmission power after clearing the locally cached TPC.

[0234] Referring to FIG. 11, the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to an NTN scenario (such as the scenario shown in FIG. 6) or a TN scenario, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0235] S1101, the network device (for example, the first transmission point) determines the seventh offset according to the TPC parameter last sent to the terminal device (that is, the latest TPC parameter currently cached by the terminal device);

[0236] It can be understood that S1101 can be performed by the first transmission point, or can be performed by other transmission points, and is not limited, and here the first transmission point is taken as an example.

[0237] S1102, the first transmission point sends the seventh offset; and the terminal device receives the seventh offset.

[0238] Similarly, here the first transmission point is taken as an example for issuing the seventh offset, and actually the seventh offset can also be issued by other transmission points, and is not limited.

[0239] S1103, the terminal device updates, according to the seventh offset, uplink transmission power used by the terminal device for sending an uplink signal to the second transmission point.

[0240] The seventh offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device (for example, the seventh offset is offset indicated by the network in TN) or the seventh offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part is a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons, and the second downlink path loss part is a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons (for example, the seventh offset is Other_offset described above).

[0241] In the scheme shown in FIG. 11, when the offset indicated by the network needs to be updated, the network determines the offset finally sent to the terminal device based on the TPC parameter last sent to the terminal device, which can ensure the accuracy of the uplink power control of the terminal device.

[0242] In the scheme described above, the offset sent by the network is for a specific transmission point (for example, the second offset is the offset for the first transmission point), and there is no ambiguity problem. However, in actual application, there can be multiple TRPs supporting downlink transmission that can be observed by the terminal device (for example, DL mTRP / UL mTRP scenario), and in this scenario, the terminal device is not clear about the offset (such as the second offset described above) indicated by the network based on which transmission point, and therefore there is an ambiguity problem, which can cause inaccurate or even failed uplink path loss estimation.

[0243] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication method, which can be applied to an NTN scenario (such as the scenario shown in FIG. 6) or a TN scenario, as shown in FIG. 12, and the method can include the following steps:

[0244] S1201, a network device (such as a first transmission point) determines an eighth offset; wherein the eighth offset is associated with a target transmission point.

[0245] It can be understood that S1201 can be performed by the first transmission point or by other transmission points, and no limitation is made, and here the first transmission point is taken as an example.

[0246] S1202, the first transmission point sends the eighth offset, and a terminal device receives the eighth offset.

[0247] Similarly, in addition to the eighth offset sent by the first transmission point, the eighth offset can also be sent by other transmission points, and no limitation is made, and here the first transmission point is taken as an example.

[0248] S1203, the terminal device sends an uplink signal to a second transmission point based on an uplink transmission power, and the uplink transmission power is determined according to a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device and the eighth offset.

[0249] The eighth offset indicates an offset between uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device (for example, the eighth offset is offset indicated by the network in TN); or the eighth offset indicates an offset between uplink path loss part between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons and downlink path loss part between the target transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons (for example, the eighth offset is Other_offset described above).

[0250] For example, the first transmission point is indicated by the first transmission point, and the eighth offset is associated with the first transmission point by default, that is, the target transmission point is the first transmission point; or the first transmission point is indicated by the first transmission point, and the eighth offset can be associated with the first transmission point or other transmission points. In this case, the first transmission point can send indication information indicating the target transmission point, and accordingly, the terminal device can determine that the eighth offset is associated with the target transmission point according to the indication information. The indication information can be transmitted together with the eighth offset (for example, in the same message) or separately (for example, in different messages), without limitation.

[0251] In the above scheme, the eighth offset indicated by the first transmission point is associated with the target transmission point, and the terminal device can explicitly receive the eighth offset for which transmission point, thereby helping the terminal device to accurately estimate the uplink path loss and further improving the reliability of the uplink power control.

[0252] It can be understood that each of the above embodiments can be implemented independently or in combination, without limitation.

[0253] The above describes the method provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following describes the device provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0254] Referring to FIG. 13, the embodiments of the present application also provide a communication device, which includes at least one processor 1301 and a communication interface 1303 connected with the at least one processor 1301; the at least one processor 1301 executes instructions stored in the memory 1302, so that the device executes the method steps performed by the terminal device or any transmission point in the above method embodiments through the communication interface 1303.

[0255] In one implementation, the memory 1302 can be located outside the device. In another implementation, the device includes the memory 1302, which is connected to the at least one processor 1301, and the memory 1302 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 1301. FIG. 13 shows the memory 1302 as optional for the device with dashed lines. The processor 1301 and the memory 1302 can be coupled through an interface circuit or integrated together, which is not limited herein.

[0256] The specific connection medium between the processor 1301, the memory 1302, and the communication interface 1303 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In FIG. 13, the processor 1301, the memory 1302, and the communication interface 1303 are connected through a bus 1304, which is represented by a thick line in FIG. 13, and the connection mode between other components is only schematically illustrated and is not limited. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For convenience of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 13, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0257] When the communication device is a terminal chip, the terminal chip implements the functions of the terminal in the method embodiments. The terminal chip receives information from other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the terminal, and the information is sent by the base station to the terminal; or the terminal chip sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the terminal, and the information is sent by the terminal to the base station.

[0258] When the communication device is a base station module, the base station module implements the functions of the base station in the method embodiments. The base station module receives information from other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the base station, and the information is sent by the terminal to the base station; or the base station module sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the base station, and the information is sent by the base station to the terminal. The base station module can be a baseband chip of the base station, or a DU or other module, and the DU can be a DU under an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture.

[0259] Optionally, the communication device can further include a transceiver and / or an antenna. The transceiver can be used to send information to other devices or receive information from other devices. The transceiver can be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, an input / output interface, etc., and is used to realize the transceiving function of the communication device through the antenna. Optionally, the transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver. Illustratively, the transmitter can be used to generate a radio frequency signal from a baseband signal, and the receiver can be used to convert a radio frequency signal into a baseband signal.

[0260] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of the device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. It should be noted that the division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical functional division. When each functional module is divided according to each function, for example, FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a communication device. The device can be a terminal device or a transmission point involved in each method embodiment described above, or a chip in the terminal device or the transmission point. The device includes a processing unit 1402 and a transceiving unit 1401.

[0261] It should be understood that the device can be used to realize the steps performed by the terminal device or the transmission point in the communication method of the embodiments of the present application. The related features can be referred to the above method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0262] Optionally, the functions / implementation processes of the transceiving unit 1401 and the processing unit 1402 can be realized by the processor 1301 in FIG. 13 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1302. Alternatively, the functions / implementation processes of the processing unit 1402 can be realized by the processor 1301 in FIG. 13 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1302, and the functions / implementation processes of the transceiving unit 1401 can be realized by the communication interface 1303.

[0263] Optionally, when the device is a chip or a circuit, the functions / implementation processes of the transceiving unit 1401 can also be realized by pins or circuits, etc. Optionally, the transceiving unit 1401 can include a sending unit and / or a receiving unit. The sending unit is used to realize the sending function, and the receiving unit is used to realize the receiving function. Alternatively, the transceiving unit 1401 can be an integral module, which can realize the sending function and / or the receiving function. Optionally, the transceiving unit 1401 can be realized by a transceiver.

[0264] Based on the same technical concept, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer programs or instructions, which, when executed, implement the method performed by the terminal device or the transmission point in the foregoing method embodiments. In this way, the functions described in the foregoing embodiments can be implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can essentially or in part or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0265] Based on the same technical concept, the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer program codes, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method performed by the terminal device or the transmission point in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0266] Based on the same technical concept, the present application further provides a chip system, which includes a processor and an interface, the processor being configured to call and execute instructions from the interface, so that the chip system implements the method performed by the terminal device or the transmission point involved in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0267] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0268] The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams according to the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices produce a device that implements the functions specified in one or more flows in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.

[0269] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function specified in the flowchart or flowchart(s) and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0270] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart or flowchart(s) and / or block diagram block or blocks.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The application is applied to a terminal device, comprising: generating an uplink signal; sending the uplink signal to a second transmission point based on uplink transmission power; wherein the uplink transmission power is related to uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point; the uplink path loss is related to downlink path loss between a first transmission point and the terminal device, a first offset and a second offset; the first offset is an offset between a first uplink path loss part and a first downlink path loss part, the first uplink path loss part is a part of uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance, and the first downlink path loss part is a part of downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by distance; the second offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part is a part of uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance, and the second downlink path loss part is a part of downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first offset is related to distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, downlink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving the second offset.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The second offset is related to a third offset and a fourth offset; The third offset is an offset between uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point; The fourth offset is an offset between a third uplink path loss part and a fourth uplink path loss part, wherein the third uplink path loss part is a part of uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance, and the fourth uplink path loss part is a part of uplink path loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by distance.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The fourth offset is related to distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

6. The method of claim 2 or 5, wherein, The distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the first transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device; The distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the second transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device.

7. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The second offset is related to a fifth offset and a sixth offset; The fifth offset is an offset between uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and uplink path loss between the terminal device and a third transmission point; The sixth offset is an offset between a fifth uplink path loss part and a sixth uplink path loss part, wherein the fifth uplink path loss part is a part of uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance, and the sixth uplink path loss part is a part of uplink path loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by distance.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The sixth offset is related to a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier corresponding to the second transmission point, a distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier corresponding to the third transmission point.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device is determined according to ephemeris information of the first transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device. The distance between the terminal device and the third transmission point is determined according to ephemeris information of the third transmission point and GNSS information of the terminal device.

10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending an uplink reference signal.

11. The method of any one of claims 1-10, wherein, Further comprising: receiving a transmission power control (TPC) parameter and locally buffering the TPC parameter in the terminal device; wherein the uplink transmission power is further related to the latest TPC parameter locally buffered in the terminal device.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving an updated second offset; clearing the TPC parameter locally buffered in the terminal device; updating the uplink transmission power according to the updated second offset; or receiving an updated second offset, the updated second offset being related to the latest TPC parameter locally buffered in the terminal device; and updating the uplink transmission power according to the updated second offset.

13. The method of claim 11 or 12, wherein, The number of bits of the TPC parameter exceeds 2.

14. A communication method, comprising: Applied to a terminal device, the method comprises: receiving a seventh offset; clearing the TPC parameter locally buffered in the terminal device; updating the uplink transmission power used by the terminal device for sending an uplink signal to a second transmission point according to the seventh offset; or receiving a seventh offset, the seventh offset being related to the latest TPC parameter locally buffered in the terminal device; and updating the uplink transmission power used by the terminal device for sending an uplink signal to a second transmission point according to the seventh offset; wherein the seventh offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between a first transmission point and the terminal device; or the seventh offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part being a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons, and the second downlink path loss part being a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons.

15. A method of communication, comprising: Applied to a terminal device, the method comprises: receiving an eighth offset from a first transmission point, the eighth offset being associated with a target transmission point; the terminal device sends an uplink signal to a second transmission point based on an uplink transmission power, the uplink transmission power being determined according to a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device and the eighth offset; wherein the eighth offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device, or the eighth offset is an offset between a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons and a part of the downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The target transmission point is the first transmission point.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein, Further comprising: receiving indication information, the indication information indicating the target transmission point; determining the eighth offset in association with the target transmission point according to the indication information.

18. A method of communication, comprising: application to a first transmission point, comprising: determining a second offset, the second offset being an offset between a second uplink loss part and a second downlink loss part, the second uplink loss part being a part of uplink loss between a terminal device and a second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons, and the second downlink loss part being a part of downlink loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons; sending the second offset.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, the second offset is related to a third offset and a fourth offset; the third offset is an offset between uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and uplink loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point; the fourth offset is an offset between a third uplink loss part and a fourth uplink loss part, wherein the third uplink loss part is a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance reasons, and the fourth uplink loss part is a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the first transmission point caused by distance reasons.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein, the fourth offset is related to a distance between the first transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the first transmission point, a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point.

21. The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein, the third offset is determined according to uplink loss corresponding to the second transmission point and uplink loss corresponding to the first transmission point; the uplink loss corresponding to the second transmission point is obtained by the second transmission point receiving and measuring an uplink reference signal; the method further comprises: receiving and measuring the uplink reference signal to obtain the uplink loss corresponding to the first transmission point.

22. The method of claim 18, wherein, the second offset is related to a fifth offset and a sixth offset; the fifth offset is an offset between uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and uplink loss between the terminal device and a third transmission point; the sixth offset is an offset between a fifth uplink loss part and a sixth uplink loss part, wherein the fifth uplink loss part is a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by distance reasons, and the sixth uplink loss part is a part of uplink loss between the terminal device and the third transmission point caused by distance reasons.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, the sixth offset is related to a distance between the second transmission point and the terminal device, an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the second transmission point, a distance between the third transmission point and the terminal device, and an uplink carrier frequency corresponding to the third transmission point.

24. The method of claim 22 or 23, wherein, the fifth offset is determined according to uplink loss corresponding to the third transmission point and uplink loss corresponding to the second transmission point; the uplink loss corresponding to the second transmission point is obtained by the second transmission point receiving and measuring an uplink reference signal; and the uplink loss corresponding to the third transmission point is obtained by the third transmission point receiving and measuring the uplink reference signal.

25. A method of communication, comprising: application to a first transmission point, comprising: determining a seventh offset according to a value of the TPC parameter being zero, and sending the seventh offset; or determining the seventh offset according to a last TPC parameter sent to the terminal device, and sending the seventh offset; wherein the seventh offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device; or the seventh offset is an offset between a second uplink path loss part and a second downlink path loss part, the second uplink path loss part being a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons, and the second downlink path loss part being a part of the downlink path loss between the first transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons.

26. A method of communication, comprising: applicable to a first transmission node, comprising: determining an eighth offset; sending the eighth offset; wherein the eighth offset is associated with a target transmission point; the eighth offset is an offset between an uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point and a downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device, or the eighth offset is an offset between a part of the uplink path loss between the terminal device and the second transmission point caused by non-distance reasons and a part of the downlink path loss between the target transmission point and the terminal device caused by non-distance reasons; wherein the target transmission point is the first transmission point; or the method further comprises: sending indication information, the indication information indicating the target transmission point.

27. A communications device, characterized by a module for performing the method of any one of claims 1-13, or a module for performing the method of claim 14, or a module for performing the method of any one of claims 15-17, or a module for performing the method of any one of claims 18-24, or a module for performing the method of claim 25, or a module for performing the method of claim 26.

28. A communications device, characterized by The communication device comprises: at least one processor; and a communication interface connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein the at least one processor, by executing instructions stored in the memory, causes the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-13 through the communication interface, or causes the device to perform the method of claim 14 through the communication interface, or causes the device to perform the method of any one of claims 15-17 through the communication interface, or causes the device to perform the method of any one of claims 18-24 through the communication interface, or causes the device to perform the method of claim 25 through the communication interface, or causes the device to perform the method of claim 26 through the communication interface.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is for storing a computer program which, when executed on a computer, causes the method according to any one of claims 1-13 to be performed, or causes the method according to claim 14 to be performed, or causes the method according to any one of claims 15-17 to be performed, or causes the method according to any one of claims 18-24 to be performed, or causes the method according to claim 25 to be performed, or causes the method according to claim 26 to be performed.

30. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises a computer program which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-13, or causes the computer to perform the method according to claim 14, or causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 15-17, or causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 18-24, or causes the computer to perform the method according to claim 25, or causes the computer to perform the method according to claim 26.

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