Multi-phase 3D printing apparatus for implementing precise control of flow for forming sculpture

Abstract

Disclosed is a multi-phase 3D printing apparatus. According to the present invention, provided is a bidirectional pressure control unit capable of controlling pressure in both directions, positive pressure for accelerating the flow of a first material forming a sculpture and negative pressure for decelerating or braking the flow of the first material, so that the flow of the first material can be precisely controlled. For example, a control means capable of controlling the flow of the first material in real time in a molding process can be provided so that an application volume per unit time set from the width of a scan line forming a transfer path of a first discharge unit for discharging the flow of the first material and the length of the scan line per unit time corresponding to a transfer speed of the first discharge unit can be filled without excess or deficiency.

Description

A multi-phase 3D printing device that implements sophisticated control over the fluid flow that forms the sculpture.

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-phase 3D printing device.

[0002] A 3D printing device is a device used to form a shape having a specific shape. For example, the shape can be produced by stacking each layer of the shape using sliced ​​section data of the shape to be formed as input. For example, in such a 3D printing device, the three-dimensional shape of the shape to be formed is created as digital data through computer modeling work, and after differentiating it into a two-dimensional plane, the differentiated material is continuously stacked and laminated to produce a shape having a three-dimensional shape.

[0003] One embodiment of the present invention may include a multi-phase 3D printing device having a bidirectional pressure control unit capable of controlling pressure in both directions of positive pressure for accelerating a flow of a first material forming a mold and negative pressure for decelerating or braking the flow of the first material, so as to precisely control the flow of the first material, and a bidirectional pressure control unit capable of controlling the flow of the first material in real time during a molding process so as to fill without excess or deficiency an application volume per unit time set from the width of a scan line forming a transport path of a first discharge unit for discharging the flow of the first material and the length of a scan line per unit time corresponding to a transport speed of the first discharge unit.

[0004] In order to solve the above and other problems, the multi-phase 3D printing device of the present invention,

[0005] A first discharge nozzle for discharging a first liquid material to form a sculpture on a stage;

[0006] A heating funnel filled with a first liquid material, to which the first discharge nozzle is connected; and

[0007] A bidirectional pressure control unit connected to the heating funnel, for alternately reversing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel between positive and negative pressures, i) accelerating the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle according to the positive pressure, and ii) decelerating the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle according to the negative pressure or applying a brake to the flow of the first material;

[0008] According to the present invention, a multi-phase 3D printing device can be provided, which includes a bidirectional pressure control unit capable of controlling pressure in both directions of positive pressure for accelerating the flow of a first material forming a model and negative pressure for decelerating or braking the flow of the first material, so that the flow of the first material can be precisely controlled, and for example, a multi-phase 3D printing device can be provided, which includes a bidirectional pressure control unit capable of controlling the flow of the first material in real time during a modeling process so as to fill without excess or deficiency the application volume per unit time set from the width of a scan line forming a transport path of a first discharge unit for discharging the flow of the first material and the length of a scan line per unit time corresponding to the transport speed of the first discharge unit.

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates an overall perspective view of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the configuration of the multi-phase 3D printing device illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0011] FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III` of FIG. 2 of the multi-phase 3D printing device illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0012] FIG. 4 is a drawing for explaining the formation of an object formed from first and second discharge positions on a stage (S) where different first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged in the multi-phase 3D printing device illustrated in FIG. 1, and the molding of an object filled within a filling space surrounded by the outline of the object.

[0013] FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining the extrusion device (80) illustrated in FIG. 1, and is a drawing showing a schematic configuration of the extrusion device (80) of FIG. 1.

[0014] FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the sealing structure of a heating funnel (10) and a sealing cover (CV) that are joined to each other via a sealing gasket (GA) as part of the multi-phase 3D printing device illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0015] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a flow resistance that causes a pressure loss in the flow of a liquid first material (M1) from a heating funnel (10) toward a first discharge nozzle (10a) as part of the multi-phase 3D printing device illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0016] FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating a pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of a heating funnel (10) set to a positive pressure to accelerate the flow of a liquid first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) as part of the multi-phase 3D printing device illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0017] FIG. 9 is a drawing illustrating a pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of a heating funnel (10) set to a negative pressure to slow down or brake the flow of a liquid first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) as part of the multi-phase 3D printing device illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0018] FIGS. 10a to 10d schematically illustrate, respectively, different profiles of changes over time in the capacity of the first material (M1) accommodated inside the heating funnel (10) along the time axis, the flow resistance causing pressure loss in the flow of the liquid first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) set to maintain the flow of the liquid first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) in a steady state, and the volumetric flow rate of the gas (GAS) injected to maintain the flow of the liquid first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) in a steady state.

[0019] FIG. 11 is a drawing for explaining one embodiment of the two-way pressure control unit (100) illustrated in FIG. 1, and is a drawing schematically showing the configuration of the two-way pressure control unit (100) that controls the injection of gas (GAS) and exhaust of gas (GAS) into the heating funnel (10) so as to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) in both directions of positive pressure and negative pressure.

[0020] FIG. 12 is a drawing for explaining another embodiment of the two-way pressure control unit (100) illustrated in FIG. 1, and is a drawing schematically illustrating a two-way pressure control unit (100) that controls the injection of gas (GAS) and exhaust of gas (GAS) into the heating funnel (10) so as to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) in both directions of positive pressure and negative pressure.

[0021] FIG. 13 is a drawing for explaining another embodiment of the two-way pressure control unit (100) illustrated in FIG. 1, which schematically illustrates a two-way pressure control unit (100) that controls the injection of gas (GAS) and exhaust of gas (GAS) into the heating funnel (10) so as to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) in both directions of positive pressure and negative pressure.

[0022] FIG. 14 illustrates a drawing for explaining the width (w) of a scan line (SL) along a transport path followed by a first material (M1) set to scan the entire area of ​​a shape surrounded by the outline of the shape formed by a second material (M2).

[0023] FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating calculating a cross-sectional area of ​​a scan line (SL) including the width (w) dimension of the scan line (SL) along the transport path illustrated in FIG. 14 and a coating volume (V) per unit time according to the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time set according to the transport speed.

[0024] Figures 16a to 16c are drawings showing ON / OFF control signals of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) output from the valve controller (150) according to the passage of time.

[0025] FIG. 17 is a drawing illustrating a dispensing stop section (ST) between the end position (FP) of the scan line (SL) of the preceding turn and the start position (SP) of the scan line (SL) of the succeeding turn in a molding process in which a molded article is formed from the accumulation of a preceding turn and a succeeding turn along a transport path of a first dispensing nozzle through which a first material is discharged in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figures 18a to 18c illustrate a step-by-step profile of a pressure difference between the inside and outside of a heating funnel as a control target, a control signal for controlling the opening of a second fluid valve output to follow the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the step-by-step heating funnel, and a profile of an on / off control signal of a third fluid valve.

[0027] FIG. 19 is a drawing illustrating the operating sections (T1, T2) of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) divided into mutually exclusive time slots in a molding process for forming a molded object.

[0028] In order to solve the above and other problems, the multi-phase 3D printing device of the present invention,

[0029] A first discharge nozzle for discharging a first liquid material to form a sculpture on a stage;

[0030] A heating funnel filled with a first liquid material, to which the first discharge nozzle is connected; and

[0031] A bidirectional pressure control unit connected to the heating funnel, for alternately reversing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel between positive and negative pressures, i) accelerating the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle according to the positive pressure, and ii) decelerating the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle according to the negative pressure or applying a brake to the flow of the first material;

[0032] For example, the bidirectional pressure control unit can set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure, thereby applying a brake to the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle.

[0033] For example, the bidirectional pressure control unit may provide a suction force toward the heating funnel so that the flow of the first material is not discharged from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle by setting the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure.

[0034] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit,

[0035] At the end position of the transport path of the first discharge nozzle or the end position of the scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel can be set to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure.

[0036] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit,

[0037] In a section between the end position of the scan line and the start position of the scan line along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle or the scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel can be set to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure.

[0038] For example, in forming a shape according to the accumulation of the preceding turns and the succeeding turns and the lamination of the preceding and succeeding layers,

[0039] Along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle, an end position and a start position of a scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle may be interposed between a preceding turn and a succeeding turn, and between a preceding layer and a succeeding layer.

[0040] For example, along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle,

[0041] Between the end position of the scan line in the preceding turn and the start position of the scan line in the succeeding turn; and

[0042] A dispensing stop section is formed between the end position of the scan line in the preceding layer and the start position of the scan line in the succeeding layer.

[0043] The above two-way pressure control unit can set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure during the application stop section.

[0044] For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device,

[0045] Further comprising a second discharge nozzle for discharging a second material to form the outline of the above-mentioned sculpture,

[0046] When discharging the second material, the two-way pressure control unit can set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure so as to block discharging the first material.

[0047] For example, the movable section of the first discharge nozzle in which the first and second discharge nozzles, which are connected to each other, are transported together along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle,

[0048] The movable section of the second discharge nozzle, in which the first and second discharge nozzles, which are connected to each other, are transported together along the transport path of the second discharge nozzle,

[0049] In the molding process for forming a sculpture, it can be divided into mutually exclusive time slots.

[0050] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit,

[0051] A first fluid pipe connected to the above heating funnel and a first fluid valve for disconnecting the connection of the first fluid pipe;

[0052] A second fluid pipe connected to a positive pressure source and a second fluid valve for disconnecting the connection of the second fluid pipe;

[0053] A third fluid pipe connected to a negative pressure source and a third fluid valve for disconnecting the connection of the third fluid pipe; and

[0054] Including a valve controller for controlling the first to third fluid valves,

[0055] The above valve controller can implement on / off control for the second fluid valve and on / off control for the third fluid valve.

[0056] For example, the above valve controller,

[0057] The on / off of the second fluid valve and the on / off of the third fluid valve may be alternately controlled to be staggered, but may be alternately controlled to include some overlap with each other along the time axis or to be exclusively controlled to not overlap with each other.

[0058] For example, the valve controller can implement control of on / off and opening of the second fluid valve and control of on / off and opening of the third fluid valve.

[0059] For example, the above valve controller,

[0060] Sequential on-off control of the third fluid valve can be implemented along with control for reducing the opening of the second fluid valve.

[0061] For example, the above valve controller,

[0062] In order to control the opening of the second fluid valve, a control signal of a sloped ramp waveform having a first rising time or a first falling time is output,

[0063] In order to sequentially control the on-off of the third fluid valve, a control signal in the form of a pulse waveform having a second rising period or a second falling time that is shorter than the first rising time or the first falling time can be output.

[0064] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit,

[0065] Depending on the insufficiency of the application volume per unit time of the first material set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is set to a positive pressure to accelerate the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle, or

[0066] Depending on the excess of the application volume per unit time of the second material set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel can be set to a negative pressure to reduce the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle or to brake the flow of the first material.

[0067] For example, depending on the application volume per unit time of the first material set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is set to positive pressure or negative pressure to accelerate or reduce the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle, or to brake the flow of the first material.

[0068] The application volume per unit time of the first material can be calculated from the product of the width of the scan line forming the transport path or the cross-sectional area of ​​the scan line including the width dimension and the height dimension of the scan line and the length of the scan line per unit time corresponding to the transport speed.

[0069] For example, the heating funnel includes a circumferential surface with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from the upper inlet into which the metal block of the first material is introduced to the bottle neck portion connected to the lower first discharge nozzle through which the liquid first material is discharged.

[0070] Regarding the flow of the first material in the liquid phase, the flow friction acting from the circumferential surface of the heating funnel and the bottleneck portion limiting the flow rate of the first material may cause a pressure loss in the flow of the first material.

[0071] For example, when a first material filled with a limited capacity inside the heating funnel is discharged from the inside of the heating funnel onto an external stage, the pressure loss caused in the flow of the first material from the inside of the heating funnel toward the outside can be reduced.

[0072] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit,

[0073] Under a steady-state in which the discharge amount of the first material from the inside of the above heating funnel toward the outside stage is maintained constant,

[0074] i) so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is reduced together to offset the pressure loss that is reduced due to the discharge of the first material, or

[0075] ii) The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is maintained equally so that the decrease in the self-weight of the first material and the decrease in the pressure loss, which act in opposing tendencies to the flow of the first material according to the discharge of the first material, cancel each other out,

[0076] The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the above heating funnel can be controlled.

[0077] For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device,

[0078] A sealing cover that is coupled to face the heating funnel to cover and seal the inlet at the top of the heating funnel; and

[0079] It may further include a sealing gasket for sealing between the heating funnel and the sealing cover between the heating funnel and the sealing cover.

[0080] For example, the heating funnel includes a sealing flange formed along the outer periphery of the upper inlet,

[0081] The above sealing gasket can be interposed between the sealing flange of the heating funnel and the sealing cover, which are joined to face each other by a fastening means penetrating the sealing flange and the plate-shaped sealing cover of the heating funnel, which are formed parallel to each other.

[0082] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit,

[0083] A first fluid pipe extending from the common joining location toward the heating funnel;

[0084] A second fluid line connected to a positive pressure source from a common joining location; and

[0085] A third fluid line may be included connected to a negative pressure source from a common joining location.

[0086] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit,

[0087] A first fluid valve connected between the common joining position and the heating funnel on the first fluid pipe;

[0088] A first pressure gauge connected between the heating funnel and the first fluid valve on the first fluid pipe;

[0089] A second fluid valve connected between the common joining position and a positive pressure source on the second fluid pipe;

[0090] A second pressure gauge connected between the positive pressure source and the second fluid valve on the second fluid pipe;

[0091] On the third fluid pipe, a third fluid valve connected between the common joining position and a negative pressure source; and

[0092] On the third fluid pipe, a third pressure gauge may further be included connected between the negative pressure source and the third fluid valve.

[0093] For example, the above two-way control unit,

[0094] The device may further include a valve controller connected to each of the first to third fluid valves and configured to apply a control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the valve and the opening degree of the valve to each of the first to third fluid valves.

[0095] For example, the above valve controller,

[0096] Controlling the opening of the first and second fluid valves so as to set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a positive pressure,

[0097] The first and third fluid valves can be controlled to open so as to set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure.

[0098] For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device,

[0099] Further comprising a second discharge nozzle for discharging a second material in a paste or slurry phase that forms the outline of the shape,

[0100] The width of the scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle may be set to scan the entire forming area in which a forming object is formed corresponding to a filling space surrounded by the outline of the forming object formed from the second material.

[0101] For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device,

[0102] The method may further include an extrusion device that extrudes a second material toward the second discharge nozzle so as to discharge a second material in a paste or slurry phase mixed with ceramic particles and a matrix in which ceramic particles are dispersed, connected to the second discharge nozzle.

[0103] For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device,

[0104] Further comprising a heating chamber for providing a cooling space for the first and second materials accumulated on the stage from the first and second discharge nozzles while accommodating the stage,

[0105] The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel may correspond to the internal pressure of the heating funnel containing the first liquid material, based on the atmospheric pressure of the cooling space of the heating chamber.

[0106] Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, a multi-phase 3D printing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0107] Another multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention is:

[0108] A first discharge nozzle (10a) for discharging a first liquid material (M1) to form a shape on a stage (S);

[0109] A heating funnel (10) filled with a first liquid material (M1) connected to the first discharge nozzle (10a); and

[0110] It may include a bidirectional pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10) for alternately reversing the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) between positive pressure and negative pressure, i) accelerating the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) according to the positive pressure, and ii) decelerating the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) according to the negative pressure or applying a brake to the flow of the first material (M1).

[0111] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0112] By setting the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure, the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be braked.

[0113] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0114] By setting the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure, a suction force can be provided toward the heating funnel (10) so that the flow of the first material (M1) is not discharged from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a).

[0115] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel (10)

[0116] It includes a circumferential surface of a top-down and bottom-down shape with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from the upper inlet into which the metal block of the first material (M1) is introduced to the bottle neck portion (BN) connected to the lower first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the liquid first material (M1) is discharged.

[0117] Regarding the flow of the first material (M1) in the liquid phase, the flow friction acting from the circumferential surface of the heating funnel (10) and the bottleneck portion (BN) that limits the flow rate of the first material (M1) may cause a pressure loss in the flow of the first material (M1).

[0118] In one embodiment of the present invention,

[0119] As the first material (M1) filled with a limited capacity inside the heating funnel (10) is discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) onto the external stage (S), the pressure loss caused in the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside can be reduced.

[0120] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0121] Under a steady-state in which the discharge amount of the first material (M1) from the inside of the above heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) is maintained constant,

[0122] i) so that the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is reduced together to offset the pressure loss that is reduced due to the discharge of the first material (M1), or

[0123] ii) The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is maintained equally while the decrease in the self-weight of the first material and the decrease in the pressure loss, which act in opposite directions to the flow of the first material according to the discharge of the first material, cancel each other out.

[0124] The pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the above heating funnel (10) can be controlled.

[0125] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0126] In order to offset the pressure loss caused by the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside to the outside of the heating funnel (10), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure.

[0127] The pressure loss may be set to a decreasing positive pressure to offset the pressure loss that is reduced due to the discharge of the first material (M1), or the pressure may be set to a constant level of positive pressure so that the decrease in the self-weight of the first material (M1) and the decrease in the pressure loss, which act in opposing tendencies to the flow of the first material (M1) due to the discharge of the first material (M1), offset each other.

[0128] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0129] Towards the heating funnel (10), a gas (GAS) accumulated inside the heating funnel (10) and forming an internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) is injected to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure, or

[0130] From the above heating funnel (10), the gas (GAS) accumulated inside the heating funnel (10) and forming the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be exhausted, thereby setting the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure.

[0131] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0132] In order to maintain a steady-state discharge amount of the first material (M1) from the inside of the above heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S), a volumetric flow rate of gas (GAS) that fills the volume of the discharged first material (M1) is provided.

[0133] i) Controlling the volumetric flow rate of gas (GAS) so that the volumetric flow rate of gas (GAS) injected into the heating funnel (10) is reduced along with a decrease in the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to offset the pressure loss reduced due to the discharge of the first material (M1), or

[0134] ii) As the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is maintained constant while the decrease in the self-weight of the first material (M1) and the decrease in the pressure loss, which act in opposing tendencies to the flow of the first material (M1), are offset according to the discharge of the first material (M1), the volumetric flow rate of the gas (GAS) injected into the heating funnel (10) can be controlled so that the volumetric flow rate of the gas (GAS) is maintained constant.

[0135] Hereinafter, one aspect of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

[0136] In a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention, a liquid first material (M1) for forming a molded object itself can be discharged from the heating funnel (10) onto the stage (S) according to the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), and depending on the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), a positive pressure difference can act as an extrusion force that can force the liquid second material (M2) filled inside the heating funnel (10) to the outside of the heating funnel (10), and a negative pressure difference can act as an suction force that can pull the liquid first material (M1) that is trying to move toward the outside of the heating funnel (10) to the inside of the heating funnel (10).As described below, in one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid first material (M1) melted within the heating funnel (10) can restrict the flow of the liquid first material (M1) by gradually reducing the inner diameter from the inside of the heating funnel (10) according to the weight of the first material (M1) itself to form a bottleneck portion (BN) having a minimum inner diameter connected to the first discharge nozzle (10a), and further, the circumferential surface of the heating funnel (10) formed in the shape of a vertical and horizontal narrowing can cause flow friction on the flow of the liquid first material (M1), so that the flow resistance caused by the bottleneck portion (BN) of the heating funnel (10) and the flow friction on the circumferential surface of the heating funnel (10) can provide an appropriate extrusion force that can force the flow of the first material (M1) to continue the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) against this flow resistance. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first material (M1) accommodated in the heating funnel (10) can set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) in which the first material (M1) is accommodated to a positive pressure as an extrusion force for the flow of the first material (M1), together with the self-weight of the first material (M1), for the purpose of shortening the tact time of the molding process.

[0137] In other words, in one embodiment of the present invention, for the purpose of shortening the tact time required to form a molded object, the liquid first material (M1) can be maintained at an appropriate level or higher in the flow direction from the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) or the discharge speed of the liquid first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) onto the stage (S), and at least at an appropriate level higher than the flow direction of the first material (M1) toward the stage (S) from the heating funnel (10) or the discharge speed of the first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) according to the self-weight of the first material (M1), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), which can act as an extrusion force of the first material (M1) toward the stage (S) from the heating funnel (10), is set to a positive pressure. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, for the purpose of shortening the tek-time of the molding process of a molded article, the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) or the discharge speed of the first material (M1) can be increased, and the transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged can be increased to correspond to the increased flow of the first material (M1) or the discharge speed of the first material (M1), and by increasing the transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that scans the entire area (molding area) where the molded article is formed, in other words, by increasing the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1) that forms the molded article itself, the tek-time required for forming the molded article or the tek-time for filling the set volume of the molded article can be shortened.

[0138] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) through which the first material (M1) is discharged has an inner diameter that is gradually reduced from the upper inlet into which a solid metal block as the raw material of the liquid first material (M1) is injected to the bottleneck portion (BN) connected to the first discharge nozzle (10a) at the lower end, and the bottleneck portion (BN) connected to the first discharge nozzle (10a) forms a minimum inner diameter while forming a kind of flow resistance that limits the volumetric flow rate of the molten first material (M1) inside the heating funnel (10). In order to increase the volumetric flow rate of the first material (M1) to an appropriate level despite the pressure loss due to this flow resistance (for example, for the purpose of shortening the tek-time), rather than relying on the self-weight of the first material (M1), for example, in addition to the self-weight of the first material (M1), the flow rate of the first material (M1) or the discharge speed of the first material (M1) is increased while the first In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to provide a control variable for the flow of the material (M1) or the discharge speed of the first material (M1), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) in which the first material (M1) is accommodated can be controlled in both directions of positive pressure or negative pressure.

[0139] Through this specification, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) may mean the pressure on the stage (S) forming the outside of the heating funnel (10), that is, the external pressure (PO) of the heating funnel (10) or the relative pressure accumulated inside the heating funnel (10) based on the atmospheric pressure (1 atm) in the atmospheric environment forming the outside of the heating funnel (10) (the internal pressure PI of the heating funnel (10) relative to the external atmospheric pressure of the heating funnel (10)). In this sense, in one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) may correspond to the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) relative to the external atmospheric pressure (1 atm) of the heating funnel (10), and for the liquid first material (M1) accommodated in the heating funnel (10), the pressure difference (PIO) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) It can act as an extrusion force to accelerate the flow or a suction force to decelerate the flow from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S) or to brake the flow.

[0140] In one embodiment of the present invention, a heating funnel (10) that supplies a liquid first material (M1) toward a stage (S) through a first discharge nozzle (10a) can form a bottleneck portion (BN) that forms a minimum inner diameter by gradually reducing the inner diameter from an upper inlet into which a solid metal block as a raw material of the liquid first material (M1) is introduced toward the lower first discharge nozzle (10a), and the heating funnel (10) can be formed in a funnel shape that includes a circumference with a reduced inner diameter.

[0141] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow of the liquid first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) can be controlled according to the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), and the pressure loss due to the bottleneck (BN) of the heating funnel (10) that can act as a flow resistance for the flow from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) on the outside, and the flow friction acting from the circumferential surface of the heating funnel (10) with the inner diameter reduced, for example, can be controlled according to the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) after deducting the pressure loss as described above. For example, a liquid first material (M1) melted inside a heating funnel (10) can form a flow that is discharged from the heating funnel (10) toward an external stage (S), and this flow of the first material (M1) can be accelerated or decelerated depending on the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), and in one embodiment of the present invention, the flow of the first material (M1) can also be braked depending on the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10).

[0142] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be calculated as the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) by subtracting the external pressure (PO, atmospheric pressure, 1 atm) of the heating funnel (10) based on the external pressure (PO, atmospheric pressure, 1 atm) of the heating funnel (10), and at this time, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be controlled in both directions of positive pressure / negative pressure, and more specifically, according to the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) fluidly connected to the bidirectional pressure control unit (100), the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) is formed higher than the external pressure (PO) of the heating funnel (10), and from the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10), that is, from the positive pressure as the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10). The flow velocity of the liquid first material (M1) accommodated in the funnel (10) may be accelerated so that the flow velocity thereof increases, or conversely, depending on the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) fluidly connected to the two-way pressure control unit (100), the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) may be formed lower than the external pressure (PO) of the heating funnel (10), and thus the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) may be formed as a negative pressure, that is, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) may be formed as a negative pressure, so that the flow velocity of ...

[0143] In one embodiment of the present invention, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be increased or decreased from a two-way pressure control unit (100) fluidly connected to the heating funnel (10), and accordingly, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a positive pressure or a negative pressure based on the atmospheric pressure as the external pressure (PO) of the heating funnel (10), and more specifically, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be increased or decreased in real time while controlling the injection of gas (GAS) or the exhaust of gas (GAS) that accumulates in the heating funnel (10) and forms the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10), and the heating funnel (10) can be heated from the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) or the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) based on the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) or the external pressure (PO) of the heating funnel (10) under a constant atmospheric pressure. Acceleration or deceleration for increasing or decreasing the flow speed of the molten first material (M1) within the funnel (10) can be implemented, for example, by injecting gas (GAS) toward the heating funnel (10) so that it accumulates within the heating funnel (10) to form an internal pressure (PI), a positive pressure can be formed between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), and thus, acceleration for increasing the flow speed of the flow of the first material (M1) discharged from the inside to the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be implemented, and conversely, by exhausting gas (GAS) from the heating funnel (10) in which an internal pressure (PI) is formed by the gas (GAS) accumulated within the heating funnel (10), a negative pressure difference can be formed between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), and thus, deceleration for decreasing the flow speed of the first material (M1) discharged from the inside to the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be implemented.

[0144] In one embodiment of the present invention, as the first material (M1) is discharged from the heating funnel (10) filled with a constant capacity of the first material (M1) onto the stage (S) outside the heating funnel (10), the capacity of the first material (M1) filled in the heating funnel (10) decreases over time, and gas (GAS) may be injected toward the heating funnel (10) to fill the empty space occupied by the first material (M1) within the heating funnel (10), and even if the gas (GAS) is injected from the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) toward the inside of the heating funnel (10), the injection of the gas (GAS) toward the inside of the heating funnel (10) may form an accumulation of gas (GAS) inside the heating funnel (10) or may cause heating according to the accumulation of gas (GAS) within the limit of filling the empty space inside the heating funnel (10) formed by the discharge of the first material (M1). It may not generate flow acceleration of the metal flow of the first material (M1) due to an increase in the internal pressure (PI) of the funnel (10) or an increase in the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10).

[0145] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can implement acceleration (e.g., increase in flow velocity) of the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) outside the heating funnel (10), and the injection of gas (GAS) toward the heating funnel (10) to accelerate the flow can induce an increase in the internal pressure (PI) through accumulation of gas (GAS) inside the heating funnel (10). In one embodiment of the present invention, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) may be formed from the accumulation of a substance such as a gas (GAS) and a first material (M1) accumulated inside the heating funnel (10), and in one embodiment of the present invention, under the driving environment of the heating funnel (10) in which the substance flows out from the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S), more specifically, the discharge of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) filled with a limited capacity, the substance is replenished only in the amount of the discharged first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10), that is, the accumulation of the substance filling the inside of the heating funnel (10) may not occur, so that, for example, the injection of gas (GAS) into the heating funnel (10) may not lead to an increase in the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) due to the accumulation of the substance.More specifically, if the injection of gas (GAS) toward the heating funnel (10) per unit time is performed only in an amount equal to the discharge amount of the first material (M1) that has escaped from the heating funnel (10) per unit time, for example, while the volumetric volume of the material filling the volume formed by the inside of the heating funnel (10), for example, the volumetric volume of the gas (GAS) and the first material (M1), is maintained the same, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) may not increase despite the injection of the gas (GAS), and accordingly, the flow acceleration in which the flow velocity of the metal flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) outside the heating funnel (10) increases may not be implemented.

[0146] In one embodiment of the present invention, in accordance with the discharge of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) filled with a first material (M1) to a constant capacity toward the stage (S) outside the heating funnel (10), the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) fluidly connected to the heating funnel (10) can supply a gas (GAS) of a volumetric volume that can fill the empty space from which the first material (M1) has been discharged toward the heating funnel (10) so as to fill the empty space corresponding to the discharged amount of the first material (M1). For example, considering the discharged amount of the first material (M1) discharged from the heating funnel (10) per unit time, the volumetric flow rate of the gas (GAS) can be provided to supply the gas (GAS) of a volumetric volume that can fill the volumetric volume of the discharged first material (M1).

[0147] In one embodiment of the present invention, a heating funnel (10) filled with a first material (M1) in liquid form may include a bottleneck portion (BN) connected to a first discharge nozzle (10a) for discharging the first material (M1) in liquid form from the heating funnel (10) onto a stage (S), and may include a circumferential surface of an upper and lower slit whose inner diameter is gradually reduced from an upper inlet into which the first material (M1) in solid metal block is introduced toward a lower first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) in liquid form is discharged, and a flow of the first material (M1) in liquid form flowing along the circumferential surface of the upper and lower slit may experience flow friction from the circumferential surface of the upper and lower slit, and for example, a boundary layer in which the first material (M1) in liquid form stagnates may be formed on the circumferential surface of the upper and lower slit, and a flow of the first material (M1) flowing along this boundary layer and the boundary layer The flow of the first material (M1) may experience a pressure loss due to the flow friction, depending on the viscosity between the flows or the cohesion between the particles forming the first material (M1), and along with the pressure loss due to the flow friction, the bottleneck part (BN) that can substantially limit the discharge amount of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) also causes a pressure loss, so that the pressure loss experienced by the liquid first material (M1) in the discharge process of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) can be compensated for, and the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a positive pressure, and in this way, the flow can be accelerated so that the flow speed of the first material (M1) increases by the pressure obtained by subtracting the pressure loss from the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) set to a positive pressure, considering that the flow of the first material (M1) To accelerate the speed,The pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a positive pressure exceeding the above pressure loss.

[0148] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a level equivalent to the pressure loss, the metal flow of the first material (M1) filled inside the heating funnel (10) can be discharged toward the stage (S) at a constant discharge speed through the first discharge unit while maintaining a constant flow speed. In other words, when the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is maintained at a level equivalent to the pressure loss, the discharge amount of the liquid first material (M1) supplied from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S) can be maintained constant.

[0149] In one embodiment of the present invention, when considering the driving environment of the heating funnel (10) in which the capacity of the liquid first material (M1) gradually decreases while being discharged from the heating funnel (10) filled with a limited capacity of the liquid first material (M1) onto the stage (S) through the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure loss (or flow resistance) caused in the flow direction in which the liquid first material (M1) is discharged from the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) can be reduced along the time axis. More specifically, the pressure loss (or flow resistance) caused in the flow of the heating funnel (10) may include a flow friction component caused on the circumferential surface of the upper and lower narrow portions of the heating funnel (10) whose inner diameter is reduced, and as the capacity of the first material (M1) filled in the heating funnel (10) decreases along the time axis according to the discharge of the first material (M1), the contact area that forms contact with the circumferential surface of the upper and lower narrow portions of the heating funnel (10) may gradually decrease, and as the contact area between the first material (M1) and the circumferential surface of the heating funnel (10) decreases, the pressure loss (or flow resistance) may decrease as the flow friction that forms a correlation with the contact area of ​​the heating funnel (10) decreases. In one embodiment of the present invention, as the liquid first material (M1) is discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) filled with a certain amount of the first material (M1) toward the external stage (S), the amount of the first material (M1) filled inside the heating funnel (10) decreases, and the contact area between the first material (M1) and the circumference of the heating funnel (10) filled with the first material (M1) may decrease, and the pressure loss (flow resistance) due to frictional flow may decrease as the contact area decreases.

[0150] In one embodiment of the present invention, under a steady-state driving environment in which the discharge amount of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S) is kept constant, the discharge amount of the liquid first material (M1) or the flow rate of the liquid first material (M1) can be kept constant, and in order to keep the flow rate of the liquid first material (M1) constant, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), which forms a positive pressure to offset the pressure loss corresponding to the pressure loss (flow resistance) decreasing along the time axis, can also be reduced, in other words, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) is the relative internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) based on the external pressure (PO, atmospheric pressure, 1 atm) of the heating funnel (10) maintained at a constant atmospheric pressure, and thus the relative heating based on the atmospheric pressure along the time axis The internal pressure (PI) of the funnel (10) can be reduced. In various embodiments of the present invention, as the capacity of the first material (M1) inside the heating funnel (10) gradually decreases over time, the contact area between the first material (M1) and the circumferential surface of the heating funnel (10) forming the frictional flow decreases, so that the flow resistance or pressure loss can decrease, and at the same time, according to the weight of the first material (M1) that decreases corresponding to the decrease in the capacity of the first material (M1) accommodated in the heating funnel (10), the decrease in the weight of the first material (M1) that can promote the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) outside the heating funnel (10), and conversely, the decrease in the flow resistance of the first material (M1) that can block the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) outside the heating funnel (10) cancel each other out, thereby forming the above-described steady state. The pressure difference between the two sides (PIO) may be maintained at a constant level.

[0151] In one embodiment of the present invention, a bidirectional pressure control unit (100) for supplying gas (GAS) into the interior of the heating funnel (10) so as to offset a pressure loss caused in the flow of the first material (M1) from the interior of the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) may inject gas (GAS) toward the interior of the heating funnel (10) so that the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a positive pressure for the purpose of offsetting the pressure loss, but may reduce the flow rate of the gas (GAS) injected per unit time, for example, the volumetric flow rate of the injected gas (GAS), so that the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can also decrease in accordance with the pressure loss decreasing along the time axis. In various embodiments of the present invention, as the capacity of the first material (M1) accommodated in the heating funnel (10) decreases, the decrease in the self-weight of the first material (M1) and the decrease in the resistance of the flow of the first material (M1), which act in opposite directions to the flow of the first material (M1), cancel each other out, so that the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) for maintaining the flow of the first material (M1) in a steady state can be maintained at a constant level, and for this purpose, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10) can maintain the flow rate of the gas (GAS) toward the heating funnel (10), for example, the volumetric flow rate of the injection gas (GAS), at a constant level.

[0152] In one embodiment of the present invention, under a steady-state driving environment in which the discharge amount of the first material (M1) discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) onto the external stage (S) is maintained constant, the volume of the first material (M1) injected toward the inside of the heating funnel (10) per unit time can be maintained constant, and for example, a bidirectional pressure control unit (100) fluidly connected to the inside of the heating funnel (10) can inject a gas (GAS) corresponding to the volume of the first material (M1) discharged from the heating funnel (10) per unit time into the inside of the heating funnel (10) so as to fill an empty space corresponding to the volume of the first material (M1) discharged from the heating funnel (10) per unit time, and under the control of the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) in this way, the volume of the material filling the heating funnel (10) as a result The internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) in which the same volume of material is accumulated without any change in volume can be maintained constant. As described above, as the liquid first material (M1) filled with a limited capacity is discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) to the outside stage (S) due to melting of the metal block introduced into the heating funnel (10), the pressure loss (flow resistance) caused in the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside decreases, and the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) to offset the decreasing pressure loss (flow resistance) can also decrease, and accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of the gas (GAS) injected into the inside of the heating funnel (10) per unit time, for example, the volume flow rate corresponding to the volume volume injected into the inside of the heating funnel (10) per unit time, can also be controlled to have a profile that decreases along the time axis.

[0153] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) fluidly connected to the heating funnel (10) can inject gas (GAS) toward the inside of the heating funnel (10) at a constant volumetric flow rate equal to the volume of the first material (M1) that is constantly discharged per unit time in a steady-state driving environment that implements the discharge of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) to the outside of the heating funnel (10) at a constant volumetric flow rate per unit time, and the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be maintained constant while the material is filled at a constant volumetric flow rate. In one embodiment of the present invention, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can decrease along the time axis to correspond to the pressure loss that decreases along the time axis, and for this purpose, the flow rate of gas (GAS) injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) per unit time, for example, the volume flow rate of gas (GAS) corresponding to the volume volume injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) per unit time, can decrease along the time axis.

[0154] In various embodiments of the present invention, as the capacity of the first material (M1) accommodated in the heating funnel (10) decreases, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be maintained constant so as to form a steady state flow of the first material (M1) while the decrease in the self-weight of the first material (M1) and the decrease in the flow resistance of the first material (M1), which act in opposing tendencies, cancel each other out, and the flow rate of the gas (GAS) supplied toward the inside of the heating funnel (10), for example, the volume per unit time of the gas (GAS) supplied toward the inside of the heating funnel (10), can be maintained constant.

[0155] In one embodiment of the present invention, a two-way pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10) to control the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can control the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) or the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) by injecting gas (GAS) that accumulates inside the heating funnel (10) to form the internal pressure (PI) or exhausting gas (GAS). At this time, the gas (GAS) whose injection and exhaust are controlled by the two-way pressure control unit (100) can be formed as a compressible gas (GAS) or an incompressible gas (GAS, Mach number 0.3 or less). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, as the gas (GAS) whose inflow and outflow are controlled from the two-way pressure control unit (100), the compressible gas (GAS) can have a density that changes depending on the pressure, and for example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the volumetric flow rate of the gas (GAS) injected into the heating funnel (10) can decrease along the time axis so that the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) corresponds to the pressure loss (flow resistance) that decreases along the time axis, and in this way, the decrease in the volumetric flow rate of the gas (GAS) injected per unit time along the time axis can be understood as assuming an incompressible gas (GAS) whose density does not change depending on the change in the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) while the volumetric volume of the gas (GAS) injected per unit time along the time axis is maintained constant.In addition, in various embodiments of the present invention, in response to a decrease in the capacity of the first material (M1) accommodated in the heating funnel (10) over time, a decrease in pressure loss or flow resistance and a decrease in the self-weight of the first material (M1) act as opposing tendencies to the flow of the first material (M1), and the incompressible gas (GAS) as a gas (GAS) whose injection and exhaust are controlled by the two-way pressure control unit (100) can be provided toward the heating funnel (10) at a constant gas (GAS) flow rate or a constant volume of gas (GAS) per unit time.

[0156] In various embodiments of the present invention, the gas (GAS) for controlling the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) while controlling the inflow and outflow of the heating funnel (10) through the two-way pressure control unit (100) may include various compressible gases (GAS) and incompressible gases (GAS), and may include any fluid that can form the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) while accumulating inside the heating funnel (10) as a fluid encompassing a gas phase and a liquid phase, and may include, for example, a gas-liquid mixed fluid including a gas phase matrix gas including a liquid phase component such as water vapor.

[0157] In various embodiments of the present invention, the gas (GAS) whose inflow and outflow are controlled to control the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) from the two-way pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10) may include a compressible gas (GAS) whose density or volume changes according to a given pressure, and in one embodiment of the present invention, under a steady-state driving environment in which the discharge amount of the first material (M1) in liquid form is maintained constant, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) under the control of the two-way pressure control unit (100) may be reduced or maintained at a constant level in response to a decrease in pressure loss such as flow friction caused from the circumferential surface of the upper and lower sides of the heating funnel (10) according to the discharge of the first material (M1), and at this time, the gas (GAS) injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) to reduce or maintain the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) The volumetric flow rate of gas (GAS) corresponding to the volumetric volume injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) per unit time may be controlled to follow a profile in which the volumetric flow rate of gas (GAS) corresponding to the volumetric volume injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) per unit time shows a relatively smaller and gentler decrease rate than the decrease rate of the volumetric flow rate corresponding to the volumetric volume injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) per unit time compared to an incompressible gas (GAS), when considering the increase in density and volumetric compression of the compressible gas (GAS) according to the pressure of the heating funnel (10) from the characteristics of the density change or volumetric change accompanying the compressible gas (GAS), or the volumetric flow rate of gas (GAS) that follows an increase profile along the time axis in consideration of the characteristics of the density change or volumetric change of the compressible gas (GAS) that fills the empty space caused by the empty space of the first material (M1) due to the discharge of the first material (M1) corresponding to the incompressibility.

[0158] In summary, the pressure loss due to the flow resistance or flow friction caused in the flow of the liquid first material (M1) discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) can be gradually reduced along the time axis in that the contact area between the first material (M1) and the circumferential surface of the upper and lower sides of the heating funnel (10) filled with the first material (M1) in a certain limited capacity decreases. At this time, under a steady-state driving environment in which the discharge amount of the second material (M2) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S) is maintained constant, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) may also decrease along the time axis in order to offset the pressure loss that decreases along the time axis and to keep the flow speed of the first material (M1) constant, or the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) may be maintained at a constant level along the time axis in consideration of the pressure loss that decreases corresponding to the capacity of the first material (M1) that decreases over time or the offset of the flow resistance and the self-weight of the first material (M1).

[0159] In various embodiments of the present invention, the operation of a bidirectional pressure control unit (100) fluidly connected to the heating funnel (10) can be controlled to implement a steady-state driving environment as described above, that is, to follow a profile of the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) that decreases or is maintained along the time axis. More specifically, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) can control the flow rate of a gas (GAS) injected toward the interior of the heating funnel (10) so as to control the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10), and the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) can increase or decrease the volumetric flow rate of the gas (GAS) corresponding to the volumetric volume injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) per unit time along the time axis, depending on the compressibility of the gas (GAS) injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, when the gas (GAS) or fluid injected toward the inside of the heating funnel (10) is a compressible gas (GAS), the relative ratio of the material filling the inside of the heating funnel (10) while replenishing the void of the second material (M2) escaping from the inside of the heating funnel (10) per unit time under a normal operating environment is changed from a relatively high ratio of incompressible material (second material M2) and a low ratio of compressible material (compressible gas GAS), from a relatively low ratio of incompressible material (second material M2) and a high ratio of compressible material (compressible gas GAS), and from a compressible material (compressible gas GAS) occupying a gradually high ratio along the time axis, to exert a pressure of the compressed gas (GAS) at an equivalent level on the interface with the second material (M2), for example, the flow rate of the gas (GAS) in an uncompressed or less compressed state corresponding to the volume volume per unit time The volumetric flow rate of gas (GAS) can be increased.However, since the volumetric flow rate of the compressible gas (GAS) injected into the heating funnel (10) can be measured in a substantially compressed state according to the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) at a measurement location where the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be transmitted, depending on the measurement location of the volumetric flow rate, more generally, the volumetric flow rate of the compressible gas (GAS) can be understood to decrease or be maintained along the time axis.

[0160] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the gas (GAS) or fluid injected into the interior of the heating funnel (10) is incompressible or can be considered incompressible, the volumetric flow rate of the incompressible gas (GAS or fluid) along the time axis can be reduced or maintained because the incompressible gas (GAS or fluid) can form an internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) as the interior of the heating funnel (10) accumulates as an incompressible substance by encompassing the first material (M1) and the incompressible gas (GAS), despite a change in the relative ratio between the first material (M1) and the gas (GAS) that changes along the time axis.

[0161] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0162] A first fluid pipe (110) extending from the common joining position (COM) toward the heating funnel (10);

[0163] A second fluid pipe (120) connected to a positive pressure source (PS) from a common joining point (COM); and

[0164] It may include a third fluid line (130) connected to a negative pressure source (NS) from a common joining location (COM).

[0165] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0166] On the first fluid pipe (110), a first fluid valve (111) connected between the common joining position (COM) and the heating funnel (10);

[0167] On the second fluid pipe (120), a second fluid valve (121) connected between the common junction location (COM) and a positive pressure source (PS); and

[0168] On the third fluid pipe (130), a third fluid valve (131) connected between the common joining position (COM) and a negative pressure source (NS) may be included.

[0169] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0170] It may include a valve controller (150) connected to each of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) and for applying a control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the valve and the opening degree of the valve to each of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131).

[0171] In one embodiment of the present invention, the valve controller (150)

[0172] Control to open the first and second fluid valves (111, 121) so as to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure,

[0173] The first and third fluid valves (111, 131) can be controlled to open so as to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure.

[0174] In one embodiment of the present invention, the valve controller (150)

[0175] The first fluid valve (111) can be controlled to alternately open and close the second and third fluid valves (121, 131), which are connected to a positive pressure source (PS) and a negative pressure source (NS), respectively, while the first fluid valve (111) is in an open state so as to alternately reverse the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) between positive and negative pressures.

[0176] For example, the valve controller (150)

[0177] The opening / closing of the second fluid valve (121) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the opening / closing of the third fluid valve (131) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) can be controlled to be alternated with each other.

[0178] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0179] On the first fluid pipe (110), a first pressure gauge (115) connected between the heating funnel (10) and the first fluid valve (111);

[0180] On the second fluid pipe (120), a second pressure gauge (125) connected between the positive pressure source (PS) and the second fluid valve (121); and

[0181] On the third fluid pipe (130), a third pressure gauge (135) connected between the negative pressure source (NS) and the third fluid valve (131) may be included.

[0182] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first pressure gauge (115) measures the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10),

[0183] The second and third pressure gauges (125, 135) can measure the pressure of a positive pressure source (PS) and a negative pressure source (NS), respectively.

[0184] A multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention,

[0185] The width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) and the scan speed per unit time corresponding to the transport speed are used to calculate the application volume (V) per unit time,

[0186] A control unit (151) is included for setting the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure to accelerate the flow of the liquid first material (M1) according to the applied volume (V) per unit time produced, or for setting the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure to decelerate the flow of the liquid first material (M1) or to brake the flow of the liquid first material (M1).

[0187] The valve controller (150) can control the opening and closing and opening degree of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) so that the internal pressure (PI) value measured from the first pressure gauge (115) follows the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) set as positive or negative pressure by the control unit (151).

[0188] Hereinafter, one aspect of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0189] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) fluidly connected to the heating funnel (10) may be formed with a structure in which a total of three branches (corresponding to the first to third fluid pipes (130)) are connected to a positive pressure source (PS) so as to generate a pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) with a positive pressure with respect to the heating funnel (10), a branch (corresponding to the third fluid pipe (130)) connected to a negative pressure source (NS) so as to generate a pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) with a negative pressure with respect to the heating funnel (10), and a branch (corresponding to the first fluid pipe (110)) extending toward the heating funnel (10) from a common junction point (COM) with the positive pressure source (PS) and the negative pressure source (NS) are connected to each other at a common junction point (COM). More specifically, it may include a first fluid pipe (110) extending from the common junction location (COM) toward the heating funnel (10), a second fluid pipe (120) extending from the common junction location (COM) toward a positive pressure source (PS), and a third fluid pipe (130) extending from the common junction location (COM) toward a negative pressure source (NS).

[0190] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) can provide a positive pressure to the heating funnel (10) through the first fluid pipe (110) connected to the second fluid pipe (120) via the common junction point (COM) by controlling the opening of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) or the opening degree of the opened second fluid pipe (120), and conversely, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) can provide a negative pressure to the heating funnel (10) through the first fluid pipe (110) connected to the third fluid pipe (130) via the common junction point (COM) by controlling the opening of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) or the opening degree of the opened third fluid pipe (130).

[0191] In one embodiment of the present invention, providing a positive pressure to the heating funnel (10) means forming a positive pressure (e.g., internal pressure PI of the heating funnel 10 > external pressure PO of the heating funnel 10) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), thereby realizing acceleration of the flow velocity of the liquid first material (M1) discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) to the external stage (S), or realizing a constant-velocity flow or steady-state operation by subtracting a pressure loss caused in the flow of the first material (M1) from the pressure difference (PIO, positive pressure) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10).

[0192] In one embodiment of the present invention, providing a negative pressure to the heating funnel (10) means forming a negative pressure (e.g., internal pressure PI of the heating funnel 10 < external pressure PO of the heating funnel 10) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10), thereby realizing a reduction in the flow speed of the liquid first material (M1) discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) onto the external stage (S). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a braking effect to the flow of the liquid first material (M1) discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) onto the outside stage (S) (for example, to form the flow velocity to be substantially zero or negative - a negative flow velocity of the flow of the first material (M1) toward the inside of the heating funnel (10) from the first discharge nozzle (10a), for example, to provide a deceleration of the flow velocity of the flow of the first material (M1) obtained from the previous positive pressure, for example, to stop the flow of the first material (M1) or rather to provide a negative flow velocity for the flow of the first material (M1) so that the flow direction of the metal flow of the first material (M1) may be reversed so that the flow direction is directed in the negative direction from the first discharge unit toward the heating funnel (10). In one embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) can provide a pushing force from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S) from a positive pressure, or can brake a flow from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S), or can provide a suction force for a reversed flow from the outside stage (S) toward the inside of the heating funnel (10).

[0193] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100) may include a first fluid valve (111) connected between a common junction location (COM) and a heating funnel (10), a second fluid valve (121) connected between the common junction location (COM) and a positive pressure source (PS), and a third fluid valve (131) connected between the common junction location (COM) and a negative pressure source (NS), and may further include a valve controller (150) connected to each of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) to apply a control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the valve and the angle of the valve, respectively, to each of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the valve controller (150) can control to open the first and second fluid valves (111, 121) so as to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure, and can control to open the first and third fluid valves (111, 131) so as to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the valve controller (150) may control the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) to alternately open and close the second and third fluid valves (121, 131), which are connected to a positive pressure source (PS) and a negative pressure source (NS), respectively, while the first fluid valve (111) is open, so as to alternately reverse the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) between positive and negative pressures. More specifically, the valve controller (150) may control the opening / closing of the second fluid valve (121) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the opening / closing of the third fluid valve (131) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) to be staggered.

[0194] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) may include a fluid device for outputting a mechanical pressure difference from an electrical input, as a positive pressure source (PS) and a negative pressure source (NS), each of which may include a fluid device having an inlet on a low pressure side and an outlet on a high pressure side. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the positive pressure source (PS) connected to the second fluid pipe (120) of the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) may include a compressor for injecting gas (GAS) at high pressure toward the heating funnel (10) through the outlet on the high pressure side, and the negative pressure source (NS) connected to the third fluid pipe (130) of the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) may include a vacuum pump for exhausting gas (GAS) at low pressure from the heating funnel (10) through the inlet on the low pressure side. In various embodiments of the present invention, the positive pressure source (PS) connected to the second fluid pipe (120) may include a high-pressure storage tank capable of injecting gas (GAS) at high pressure toward the heating funnel (10) depending on whether the second fluid valve (121) for disconnecting the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) is opened or closed, each set to a pressure higher than the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10), and the negative pressure source (NS) connected to the third fluid pipe (130) may include a low-pressure storage tank capable of exhausting gas (GAS) at low pressure from the heating funnel (10) depending on whether the third fluid valve (131) for disconnecting the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) is opened or closed, each set to a pressure lower than the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10).

[0195] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100) can set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure by opening the second fluid valve (121) for interrupting the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS), and can set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure by opening the third fluid valve (131) for interrupting the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS). More specifically, in the control of the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) for setting the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure or a negative pressure, the opening and closing of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the opening and closing of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) can be controlled to be staggered, for example, in the control of the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) for setting the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure, the opening of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) (opening of the second fluid valve (121)) and the blocking of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) (blocking of the third fluid valve (131)) can be performed simultaneously, and conversely, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure In the control of the two-way pressure control unit (100) for setting, the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) (opening of the third fluid valve (131)) and the blocking of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) (blocking of the second fluid valve (121)) can be performed simultaneously.And for setting the pressure of the heating funnel (10) by the above two-way pressure control unit (100), that is, in both the positive pressure control that sets the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure and the negative pressure control that sets the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure, pressure transmission toward the heating funnel (10) can be performed from the positive pressure source (PS) and the negative pressure source (NS) through the connection of the first fluid pipe (110). More specifically, in the positive pressure control that sets the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure, the positive pressure source (PS) and the heating funnel (10) can be fluidly connected to each other through the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the connection of the first fluid pipe (110), and for this purpose, both the first fluid valve (111) that closes the first fluid pipe (110) and the second fluid valve (121) that closes the second fluid pipe (120) can be opened. Meanwhile, in the negative pressure control that sets the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure, the negative pressure source (NS) and the heating funnel (10) can be fluidly connected to each other through the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) and the connection of the first fluid pipe (110), and for this purpose, both the first fluid valve (111) that closes the first fluid pipe (110) and the third fluid valve (131) that closes the third fluid pipe (130) can be opened.That is, in one embodiment of the present invention, in order to precisely control the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S), for example, the flow of the first material (M1) needs to be precisely controlled so as to fill without excess or deficiency the application volume (V) per unit time, which can be set from the transport path (e.g., the width w of the scan line SL forming the transport path) and the transport speed (e.g., the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time corresponding to the transport speed) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) for discharging the flow of the first material (M1), and for this purpose, in one embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) can alternately reverse the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) between positive pressure and negative pressure, and at this time, the valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) The controller (150) can control the opening and closing of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) so that the first fluid valve (111) for controlling the opening and closing of the first fluid pipe (110) for connecting the first fluid pipe (110) can be opened and closed alternately between positive and negative pressures, and the second fluid valve (121) for opening and closing the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the third fluid valve (131) for opening and closing the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) can be opened and closed alternately while reversing between each other.For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the valve controller (150) for controlling the opening and closing of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) can control the opening and closing of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) so that the opening and closing of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) are alternately repeated, along with the opening of the first fluid valve (111), so that the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) is alternately reversed between positive pressure and negative pressure.

[0196] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) may include a first pressure gauge (115) connected between the heating funnel (10) and the first fluid valve (111), a second pressure gauge (125) connected between the positive pressure source (PS) and the second fluid valve (121), and a third pressure gauge (135) connected between the negative pressure source (NS) and the third fluid valve (131), and the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) may measure the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) and the pressure of the positive pressure source (PS) and the pressure of the negative pressure source (NS) from the first to third pressure gauges (135), for example, according to the closure of the first to third fluid valves (111, 121, 131) adjacent to the first to third pressure gauges (135), for example, according to the closure of the first fluid valve (111), The pressure gauge (115) can measure the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10), and the second pressure gauge (125) can measure the pressure of the positive pressure source (PS) upon closing the second fluid valve (121), and the third pressure gauge (135) can measure the pressure of the negative source upon closing the third fluid valve (131).For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first pressure gauge (115) is connected between the heating funnel (10) and the first fluid valve (111) on the first fluid pipe (110), and can measure the internal pressure (PI, for example, the closing of the first fluid valve 111) of the heating funnel (10) or the flow pressure of gas (GAS) on the first fluid pipe (110) (for example, the opening of the first fluid valve (111)) according to the opening and closing of the first fluid valve (111), and considering that the flow rate of gas (GAS) is limited, it can be understood that the first pressure gauge (115) measures the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10), and the second pressure gauge (125) is connected between a positive pressure source (PS) and the second fluid valve (121) on the second fluid pipe (120), and can measure the positive pressure according to the opening and closing of the second fluid valve (121). The pressure of the source (PS) (e.g., closing of the second fluid valve (121)) or the flow pressure of the gas (GAS) on the second fluid pipe (120) (e.g., opening of the second fluid valve (121)) can be measured, and considering that the flow rate of the gas (GAS) is generally limited, the second pressure gauge (125) can be understood to measure the pressure of the positive pressure source (PS) or the pressure of the gas (GAS) supplied from the positive pressure source (PS), and the third pressure gauge (135) is connected between the negative pressure source (NS) and the third fluid valve (131) on the third fluid pipe (130), and measures the pressure of the negative pressure source (NS) (e.g., closing of the third fluid valve (131)) or the flow pressure of the gas (GAS) on the third fluid pipe (130) (e.g., opening of the third fluid valve (131)) according to the opening and closing of the third fluid valve (131). Considering that the flow rate of gas (GAS) is limited, the third pressure gauge (135) can be understood to measure the pressure of gas (GAS) exhausted from a negative pressure source (NS) or a negative pressure source (NS).

[0197] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be confirmed according to the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) measured from the first pressure gauge (115) or the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) based on the external atmospheric pressure (1 atm), and in order to fill the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1) set from the transport path (width w of the scan line SL forming the transport path) and the transport speed (length L of the scan line SL per unit time corresponding to the transport speed) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that discharges the flow of the first material (M1) without excess or deficiency, the volumetric volume per unit time of the gas (GAS) injected into the inside of the heating funnel (10) can be calculated, and the volumetric volume per unit time of the gas (GAS) injected into the inside of the heating funnel (10) can be precisely controlled. In a section where the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the funnel (10) is controlled to a positive pressure, the opening degrees of the first and second fluid valves (111, 121) can be controlled according to the pressure difference between the first and second pressure gauges (125), and in a section where the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is controlled to a negative pressure, the opening degrees of the first and third fluid valves (111, 131) can be controlled according to the pressure difference between the first and third pressure gauges (135).

[0198] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0199] Depending on the shortage of the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1) set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure to accelerate the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), or

[0200] Depending on the excess of the application volume (V) per unit time of the second material (M2) set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure to reduce the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) or to brake the flow of the first material (M1).

[0201] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0202] According to the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure as the width (w) of the scan line (SL) increases, thereby accelerating the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), or

[0203] Depending on the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure, thereby slowing down the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) or braking the flow of the first material (M1).

[0204] For example, the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) may be set so as to scan the entire forming area where the object is formed without overlapping each other and not to be spaced apart from each other so as to block voids.

[0205] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0206] Depending on the conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time corresponding to the conveying speed, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure in response to a relatively high conveying speed or a relatively long length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time, thereby accelerating the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), or

[0207] Depending on the conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time corresponding to the conveying speed, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure to correspond to a relatively low conveying speed or a relatively short length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time, thereby slowing down the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) or braking the flow of the first material (M1).

[0208] For example, according to the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1) set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure or a negative pressure to accelerate or reduce the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), or to brake the flow of the first material (M1).

[0209] The application volume (V) of the first material (M1) per unit time can be calculated from the product of the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path or the cross-sectional area of ​​the scan line (SL) including the width (w) dimension of the scan line (SL) and the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time corresponding to the scan speed.

[0210] Hereinafter, one aspect of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0211] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow of the first material (M1) forming the object itself can be controlled (flow speed and flow direction) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S) from a bidirectional pressure control unit (100) that provides positive pressure and negative pressure in opposite directions, and by appropriately controlling the application volume (V) per unit time along the first discharge nozzle (10a) that is transferred to follow a transfer plan including a transfer path and transfer speed that are preset in real time, the flow of the first material (M1) discharged onto the stage (S) can be precisely controlled so that excess or deficiency of the application volume (V) that is preset in real time does not occur.

[0212] For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, if the flow of the first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) is discharged in an insufficient amount that is not sufficient to follow a preset transport plan, a gap may be caused in a portion of the set application volume (V) on the transport path, and thus, an empty space in the shape that is not filled by the first material (M1) on the corresponding transport path, i.e., a void in the shape, may be formed. In contrast, in one embodiment of the present invention, if the flow of the first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) is discharged in an amount that is excessive to follow a preset transport plan, an excess volume that exceeds the preset application volume (V) may be additionally formed on the transport path, and accordingly, the corresponding additional excess volume may form an excess height that exceeds the upper height limit specified by the filling space surrounded by the first material (M1) forming the outline of the object, and may damage the height stability of the second material (M2) by collapsing the dam of the second material (M2) that functions as a dam that restricts the flow of the first material (M1) while forming the outline of the object, or may damage the precision of the shape of the object while forming an excess volume that goes beyond the outline of the object, or may cause the inconvenience of having to change the application volume (V) of the subsequent layer after the corresponding layer while exceeding the height of each layer forming the object.

[0213] In one embodiment of the present invention, the forming of the above-described object can be implemented through the transport of the second discharge nozzle (20a) that discharges the second material (M2) that forms the outline of the object, and the transport of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that discharges the first material (M1) that forms the interior of the object formed of the first material (M1), that is, the object itself, and for example, the transport plan of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) for forming the object includes the transport path and transport speed of the second discharge nozzle (20a) that follows the profile of the outline of the object forming the outline, the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1) that is set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a), and the transport of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that scans the interior area of ​​the outline of the object so as to form the object itself as the interior area of ​​the outline of the object surrounded by the second material (M2). It may include a preset setting regarding the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1) set according to the path and transport speed and the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a).

[0214] In one embodiment of the present invention, the application volume (V) of the first material (M1) per unit time can be set according to the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that discharges the first material (M1) or the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path, and for example, even in the inner region of the outline of the same object, the application volume (V) of the second material (M2) set along each transport path or width (w) of the scan line (SL) set in advance can be different from each other. For example, in order to form the same width of the object, the number of scan lines (SL) used to shape the width of the object can vary depending on the width (w) of the transport path or the scan line (SL), and the application volume (V) of the first material (M1) per unit time can be set differently from each other according to each transport path or width (w) of the scan line (SL). For example, the width (w) of the scan lines (SL) for forming the same width of the structure can be precisely set so as not to overlap each other but also not to form a gap or void with respect to each other, and the application volume (V) of the first material (M1) can be set along each scan line (SL) according to the width (w) of the scan lines (SL).

[0215] As illustrated in FIG. 15, the application volume (V) of the first material (M1) per unit time can be set according to the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the width (w) of the scan line (SL), and for example, the application volume (V) of the first material (M1) per unit time can be calculated in the form of the product of the length (L) of the scan line (SL) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) per unit time corresponding to the transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged and the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path, and for example, in one embodiment of the present invention, depending on the fluidity of the liquid first material (M1), the width (w) of the scan line (SL) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be formed in a rounded cross-section shape while flowing to both sides from the highest height formed by the first material (M1), rather than being formed in an angular cross-section shape such as a square, and for example, the first A rounded cross-sectional shape that spreads out from the highest height formed at the center position along the width (w) direction of the scan line (SL) according to the fluidity of the first liquid material (M1) along the width (w) direction of the scan line (SL) at a position on the stage (S) directly facing the discharge nozzle (10a) to both sides can be assumed as a cross-section of the application volume (V) according to one embodiment of the present invention, and a volume in which the cross-section of the application volume (V) assumed in this way is extended by the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be assumed as the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the application volume (V) may be assumed to have a box shape formed at a central position along the width (w) direction of the scan line (SL) and a semicircular cross-section formed at both sides of the box shape, and a cross-sectional shape in which the box shape and the semicircular shape are combined is extended along the scan length of the first discharge nozzle (10a).

[0216] From the above premise, the application volume (V, application volume per unit time V) of the first material (M1) can be calculated as follows.

[0217]

[0218] Here, L can mean the distance of scan lines (SL) per unit time.

[0219] In one embodiment of the present invention, the application volume (V) of the first material (M1) forming the internal area of ​​the shape surrounded by the outline of the shape or the shape itself can be calculated from the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged and the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time corresponding to the transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a), and the application volume (V) of the first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be calculated from the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that can be set from the transport plan of the first discharge nozzle (10a).

[0220] In one embodiment of the present invention, before the operation of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) for forming a molded object, a transfer plan of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be established, including a preset setting of the transfer path, transfer speed, and application volume (V) of the first and second materials (M1, M2) set according to the transfer path and transfer speed of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a), and in this way, the first and second materials (M1, M2) can be discharged through the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) without excess or deficiency of the preset application volume (V) of the first and second materials (M1, M2), for example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the discharge amount of the first material (M1) discharged through the first discharge nozzle (10a) is set to the preset application volume (V) of the first material (M1). In order to fill without excess or deficiency, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) filled with the first material (M1) in liquid form, more precisely, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be generated, and by controlling the inflow and outflow of gas (GAS) injected toward the heating funnel (10) or exhausted from the heating funnel (10) so as to form such a pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), more specifically, by controlling the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) in both directions of positive pressure or negative pressure by a bidirectional pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10), the flow speed of the first material (M1) flowing from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S) can be accelerated or decelerated.

[0221] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the transport plan of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) set before the operation of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a), the transport speeds of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be differentiated according to the shape of the outline of the object or the shape of the scan line (SL) that scans the internal area of ​​the object. For example, in the case of the outline of the object including an angular corner or the scan line (SL) that forms the surface of the object, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be transported at a relatively delayed transport speed, and conversely, in the case of the outline of the object extending in a stripe pattern along one direction or the scan line (SL) that forms the interior of the object, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be transported at a relatively fast transport speed, and according to the transport speeds set differentially in this way, and according to the differential transport speeds, the first and second In accordance with the application volume (V) of the material (M1, M2), the discharge speed of the first and second materials (M1, M2) discharged through the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be controlled. For example, in order to control the discharge speed of the first and second materials (M1, M2), for example, in order to control the discharge speed of the first material (M1) (acceleration and deceleration of the flow of the first material (M1)), the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) filled with the liquid first material (M1) can be controlled.For example, in a scan line (SL) where the transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged is relatively delayed, in order to delay the discharge speed of the first material (M1), the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) filled with the liquid first material (M1) is set to a positive pressure with a relatively small scale value, or, considering the fact that the resolution of the control ability is relatively low in the input-output relationship between the control of the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) as an input and the output of the change in the flow speed of the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S), in the scan line (SL) of the relatively delayed transport speed, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be controlled in a form that alternates between positive and negative pressures, for example, by giving the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) as a positive pressure and then accelerating the flow speed of the first material (M1) until the set flow speed When the discharge amount of the first material (M1) is reached, the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) is reversed to negative pressure to reduce the flow speed of the first material (M1), so that the discharge of the first material (M1) or the flow speed of the first material (M1) can be controlled at a flow speed that converges between a certain upper limit and a lower limit.As described above, in an embodiment in which the discharge or flow rate of the first material (M1) is controlled through alternating reversals of positive and negative pressures, the point in time of reversal of the positive and negative pressures can be captured, for example, through monitoring of various state variables capable of controlling the flow of the first material (M1), and in one embodiment of the present invention, the point in time of reversal of the pressure can be determined through a compilation of state variables that can be measured or monitored at various locations, such as the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) filled with the liquid first material (M1), the flow rate of the flow of the first material (M1) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside, the discharge amount or discharge rate of the first material (M1) discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S), and the accumulation rate of the first material (M1) accumulated on the stage (S).

[0222] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0223] Depending on the shortage of the application volume (V) per unit time of the first material (M1) set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure to accelerate the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), or

[0224] Depending on the excess of the application volume (V) per unit time of the second material (M2) set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure to reduce the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) or to brake the flow of the first material (M1).

[0225] More specifically, the two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0226] According to the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure as the width (w) of the scan line (SL) increases, thereby accelerating the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), or

[0227] Depending on the width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a), the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure, thereby slowing down the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) or braking the flow of the first material (M1).

[0228] For example, the above two-way pressure control unit (100)

[0229] Depending on the conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time corresponding to the conveying speed, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a positive pressure in response to a relatively high conveying speed or a relatively long length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time, thereby accelerating the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a), or

[0230] Depending on the conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the scan distance per unit time corresponding to the conveying speed, the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure to correspond to a relatively low conveying speed or a relatively short length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time, thereby slowing down the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the first discharge nozzle (10a) or braking the flow of the first material (M1).

[0231] In one embodiment of the present invention, by measuring and controlling the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) filled with the first material (M1) among the various state variables as described above (first pressure gauge 115), the discharge amount or discharge speed of the first material (M1) can be controlled. For example, rather than measuring and controlling state variables that are difficult to measure, such as the discharge amount or discharge speed of the first material (M1), the state variables can be easily measured through the first pressure gauge (115) connected to the heating funnel (10), and by quickly controlling the flow speed of the first material (M1) directly according to the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10), the speed of control can be increased in the input-output relationship of the control.

[0232] In one embodiment of the present invention, regardless of whether the scan line (SL) has a relatively delayed conveying speed set according to the conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the scan line (SL) has a relatively fast conveying speed set, or even for the scan line (SL) with a variable conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) as well as the scan line (SL) with a constant conveying speed set, the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10) may be controlled in a manner of alternating reversal of positive and negative pressures, rather than controlling the bidirectional pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10) in a manner of applying a constant positive pressure as described above.

[0233] In various embodiments of the present invention, the discharge amount or discharge speed of the first material (M1) that is constantly or variably changed or that is linked to the conveying speed can be tracked by alternately reversing the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) between positive pressure and negative pressure according to an error between the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) that is set to be linked to the conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that is set to be set in advance and the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) that is measured in real time, or according to an error between the discharge amount or discharge speed of the first material (M1) that is set to be linked to the conveying speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) that is set in advance and the discharge amount or discharge speed of the first material (M1) that is measured in real time.

[0234] A multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention,

[0235] A sealing cover (CV) that is coupled to face the heating funnel (10) to cover and seal the inlet at the top of the heating funnel (10); and

[0236] It may include a sealing gasket (GA) for sealing between the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV).

[0237] For example, the heating funnel (10) includes a sealing flange (10f) formed along the outer periphery of the upper inlet,

[0238] The above sealing gasket (GA) can be interposed between the sealing flange (10f) of the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV), which are joined to face each other by a fastening means penetrating the sealing flange (10f) of the heating funnel (10) and the plate-shaped sealing cover (CV), which are formed parallel to each other.

[0239] For example, the heating funnel (10) and sealing cover (CV) may be formed of a metal material having a surface coating layer formed thereon.

[0240] For example, the sealing gasket (GA) may include matrix sheets laminated to each other and ceramic fibers interposed between the matrix sheets.

[0241] Hereinafter, one aspect of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

[0242] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the heating funnel (10) can be formed as a sealed space so that the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be controlled by a two-way pressure control unit (100) fluidly connected to the heating funnel (10). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the internal space of the heating funnel (10) may be formed as a sealed space sealed from the external environment so that the flow of the first material (M1) filled inside the heating funnel (10) or the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) can be controlled according to the provision of positive or negative pressure according to the control of the two-way pressure control unit (100) connected to the internal space or according to the discharge of the first material (M1) from the first discharge nozzle (10a) connected to the bottleneck position of the heating funnel (10), and the internal space of the heating funnel (10) forming such a sealed space can form the internal pressure (PI) according to the inflow and outflow of the material filling the internal space, for example, according to the discharge of the first material (M1) as the material filling the internal space and the injection or exhaust of the gas (GAS) controlled from the two-way pressure control unit (100). The pressure (PI) can be fully controlled, and fluctuations in the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) due to the external environment can be blocked. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the control of the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) that is not sealed from the external environment may not be fully controlled by the two-way pressure control unit (100) due to pressure leakage between the internal pressure (PI) and the external environment.

[0243] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) fluidly connected to the two-way pressure control unit (100) may be formed as a sealed space sealed from the external environment, and pressure control for the sealed space sealed from the external environment may be fully implemented through the control of the two-way pressure control unit (100) by providing positive or negative pressure to the sealed space.

[0244] In one embodiment of the present invention, sealing of the internal space of the heating funnel (10) can be implemented by a sealing cover (CV) covering the heating funnel (10) and the inlet formed at the top of the heating funnel (10), and a sealing gasket (GA) interposed between the inlet of the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV). In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) may include a sealing flange (10f) formed along the outer periphery of the upper inlet, and the sealing flange (10f) of the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) formed in a flat shape may be joined face to face by a fastening means that fastens between the sealing flange (10f) of the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) formed in a flat shape, and for example, the edge position of the heating funnel (10) on which the sealing flange (10f) is formed and the edge position of the sealing cover (CV) may face each other while taking a flat shape parallel to each other, and the fastening member may be fitted so that the edge position of the heating funnel (10) on which the sealing flange (10f) is formed and the edge position of the sealing cover (CV) are continuously penetrated, so that the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) are connected. They can be mutually coupled to each other. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) can be formed of the same heat-resistant material. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) can be formed of a ceramic material or a heat-resistant metal material having excellent heat-resistant properties. In various embodiments of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) can be formed of a ceramic material or a metal material, and the ceramic material can be suitably applied to the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) of the present invention in that it has excellent heat-resistant properties and electrically insulating properties.However, in various embodiments of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) may be formed of a metal material that has excellent processability and relatively low surface roughness, and thus provides lower flow resistance and lower pressure loss than a ceramic material, taking into account processability and the pressure loss due to the frictional flow of the first material (M1) filled inside the heating funnel (10). In one embodiment of the present invention, unlike the sealing cover (CV) formed in a flat plate shape, the heating funnel (10) formed in a funnel shape may be formed by cutting a metal raw material, and a surface coating layer may be formed on the surface of the heating funnel (10) formed with relatively high roughness according to the cutting marks of the cutting tool formed by cutting a metal raw material, to lower the surface roughness of the heating funnel (10) and prevent damage such as corrosion of the heating funnel (10) from the high temperature operating environment of the heating funnel (10). In various embodiments of the present invention, similar to the heating funnel (10), a sealing cover (CV) for sealing the upper inlet of the heating funnel (10) may also be formed of a metal material similar to the heating funnel (10), and for example, a surface coating layer may be formed similar to the heating funnel (10).

[0245] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) are arranged so that the edge position of the heating funnel (10) on which the sealing flange (10f) is formed and the edge position of the sealing cover (CV) are parallel to each other, and can be joined to face each other through a fastening member that penetrates the edge position of the heating funnel (10) on which the sealing flange (10f) is formed and the edge position of the sealing cover (CV) that are parallel to each other, and a sealing gasket (GA) is interposed between the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) that are joined to face each other so that there can be no gap between them. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing gasket (GA) may be formed of a material having excellent sealing properties along with high temperature heat resistance, and for example, the sealing gasket (GA) may be formed of a material having cushioning properties or sealing properties that can adaptively change shape between the heating funnel (10) and the sealing cover (CV) while maintaining shape stability in a high temperature and high pressure environment. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing gasket (GA) may be formed in the form of a composite material including a plurality of matrix sheets laminated on each other and ceramic fibers interposed between the matrix sheets, and for example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing gasket (GA) may be formed of a flexible graphite & carbon gasket (GA).

[0246] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure so as to slow down or brake the flow of the first material (M1) discharged from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the outside stage (S). Hereinafter, an exemplary embodiment in which the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) is set to a negative pressure will be described.

[0247] (1) End position of scan line (SL) along scan line (SL) forming transport path of first discharge nozzle (10a) (FP, see Fig. 17)

[0248] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) containing the first material (M1) is set to a negative pressure at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged, so that the flow of the first material (M1) can be quickly stopped, and for example, in order to quickly block the inertia of the first material (M1) that tends to continue the flow of the first material (M1) toward the external stage (S) along the scan line (SL) along which the flow of the first material (M1) toward the external stage (S) continues prior to the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL), the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) containing the first material (M1) is set to a negative pressure. For example, by blocking the previous positive pressure (the second fluid valve 121 off) and initiating the negative pressure (the third fluid valve 131 on) at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) or at a position adjacent to the end position (FP, see FIG. 17), the inertia of the first material (M1) that tends to be discharged from the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) can be blocked, and the flow of the first material (M1) can be immediately slowed down or braked, and for example, the shape of the object formed from the first material (M1) can be prevented from being distorted and deviating from the intended shape while the first material (M1) is discharged to a position outside the preset transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) of the first discharge nozzle (10a).

[0249] For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, a shape having a specific target shape can be formed by stacking each layer of the shape by inputting sliced ​​section data of the shape object as input, and for example, each layer forming the shape can include a start position (SP, see FIG. 17) and an end position (FP, see FIG. 17) along a transport path of a first discharge nozzle (10a) through which a first material (M1) forming the shape itself is discharged or a scan line (SL) forming a transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a). At this time, at the end position (FP, see Fig. 17) of the scan line (SL), the inertia of the flow of the first material (M1) that continues along the scan line (SL) is quickly blocked, so that the flow or discharge of the first material (M1) from inside the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S) is prevented from continuing until after the end position (FP, see Fig. 17) of the scan line (SL) that is set in advance, and the inertia of the flow of the first material (M1), that is, the inertia of the flow of the first material (M1) that tries to move from the inside of the heating funnel (10) where the first material (M1) is accommodated toward the external stage (S), and the third fluid valve (131) that interrupts the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) so as to set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure so as to provide braking to the flow of the first material (M1). The second fluid valve (121) can be turned on and the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) can be turned off.

[0250] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inertia to continue the discharge of the first material (M1) along the scan line (SL) or the flow of the first material (M1) toward the external stage (S) includes the inertia to continue the previous movement if the flow of the first material (M1) toward the external stage (S) from the inside of the heating funnel (10) along the scan line (SL) does not have any particular pressure fluctuation or flow resistance fluctuation, and may be used in a comprehensive sense including, for example, the control of the valve controller (150) that controls the first to third fluid valves (131) to change the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) to decelerate the flow of the first material (M1), and the delay of the control from the start of the control of the valve controller (150) until the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) actually changes in response to the control of the valve controller (150). For example, in a comparative example in which the two-way pressure control unit (100) capable of setting the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) in both directions of positive pressure and negative pressure is not provided, unlike the present invention, the flow of the first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be decelerated while gradually lowering the level of positive pressure at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the first discharge nozzle (10a). However, in such a comparative example, it may be difficult to quickly decelerate or provide the flow of the first material (M1) that is trying to move from the inside of the heating funnel (10) toward the external stage (S), and for example, a certain amount of time may be required for the flow of the first material (M1) to be substantially decelerated or braked as the inertia of the flow of the first material (M1) that is trying to maintain or continue the flow of the first material (M1) is weakened in accordance with the relative increase in flow resistance with respect to the level of positive pressure that is gradually lowered.

[0251] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) forming the shape of the above-mentioned object, so as to immediately block the inertia of the flow of the first material (M1) and immediately brake the flow of the first material (M1) at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) so as not to form a tail of the scan line (SL) inside or outside the shape of the object while forming a sharp step before and after the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) forming the shape of the object, and, for example, the switching operation of turn-off and turn-on of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) for disconnecting the connection of the second and third fluid pipes (120, 130) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the negative pressure source (NS) respectively can be implemented.

[0252] (2) A dispensing stop section (ST) between the end position (FP, see Fig. 17) and the start position (SP, see Fig. 17) of the scan line (SL) along the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a).

[0253] In one embodiment of the present invention, a molding object can be formed by inputting sliced ​​section data of a molding object to be formed and stacking each layer of the molding object or accumulating the number of turns for forming the molding object. In this method of forming a molding object by stacking multiple layers or accumulating a number of turns, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of a heating funnel (10) containing the first material (M1) can be set to a negative pressure between the transport path of the preceding layer (or preceding turn, the same hereinafter) or the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of a scan line (SL) forming the transport path or the start position (SP, see FIG. 17) of a scan line (SL) forming the transport path or the start position (SP, see FIG. 17) of a subsequent layer (or subsequent turn, the same hereinafter) stacked on the preceding layer (or preceding turn, the same hereinafter) so as to decelerate or brake the flow of the first material (M1) forming the molding object itself. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, each layer of the structure can be formed by accumulating the preceding turns and the succeeding turns, and the structure can be formed by laminating the preceding layers and the succeeding layers.

[0254] In one embodiment of the present invention, a dispensing stop section (ST) in which dispensing of the first material (M1) is stopped can be formed between a preceding layer (or preceding turn) and a succeeding layer (or succeeding turn) that are laminated to each other to form a target shape of a molding, and in order to sharply follow this dispensing stop section (ST), in the dispensing stop section (ST) between the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the preceding layer and the start position (SP, see FIG. 17) of the succeeding layer, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) in which the first material (M1) is accommodated can be set to a negative pressure so as to block unintended discharging of the first material (M1). For example, as described above, the negative pressure applied at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged, or the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a), that is, the negative pressure applied at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) in the preceding layer, can prevent unintended leakage of the first material (M1) during the application stop section (ST) set between the preceding layer and the succeeding layer while continuing to the start position (SP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) in the succeeding layer thereafter, and thus, in one embodiment of the present invention, the flow of the first material (M1) during the application stop section (ST) is controlled according to the setting of the pressure between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10), without relying on a separate valve structure that interrupts the fluid connection of the first discharge nozzle (10a) connected to the bottleneck portion of the heating funnel (10). You can block it.However, in various embodiments of the present invention, even if a negative pressure is not separately applied until the second fluid valve (121) that blocks the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) is turned on at the start position (SP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) of the subsequent layer according to the setting of the negative pressure applied at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) of the preceding layer, the state in which the flow is stopped can be maintained as it is according to the inertia of the first material (M1) that tries to maintain the state in which the flow is stopped. For example, in various embodiments of the present invention, as the first discharge nozzle (10a) for discharging the first material (M1) moves from the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the preceding layer to the start position (SP, see FIG. 17) of the succeeding layer, a switching operation can be implemented to turn on the second fluid valve (121) for disconnecting the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and to turn off the third fluid valve (131) for disconnecting the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) at the start position (SP, see FIG. 17) of the succeeding layer.

[0255] (3) Movable section of the second discharge nozzle (20a) for forming the outline of the sculpture (T1, T2, see Fig. 19)

[0256] In one embodiment of the present invention, after forming the outline of the molding object by operating the second discharge nozzle (20a) to form the outline of the molding object, filling of the first material (M1) that fills the interior of the molding area surrounded by the outline of the molding object formed by the second material (M2) discharged from the second discharge nozzle (20a) can be performed while operating the first discharge nozzle (10a) under the height limit of the second material (M2) surrounding the molding area (see FIG. 14). In this way, in one embodiment of the present invention, the second discharge nozzle (20a) through which the second material (M2) is discharged to form the outline of the object and the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged to form the object itself can be buried in an embedding block (40) that restrains the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) together, and can be arranged in fixed positions adjacent to each other according to the restraint of the embedding block (40), and the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can alternately operate to alternately form the outline forming each layer of the object and the single-layer structure of the object, respectively. The driving of the multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a moving section (T1, see FIG. 19) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) in which the embedded block (40) that binds the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) together moves along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the scan line (SL) of the first discharge nozzle (10a), or a moving section (T2, see FIG. 19) of the second discharge nozzle (20a) in which the embedded block (40) that binds the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) together moves along the transport path of the second discharge nozzle (20a) or the scan line (SL) of the second discharge nozzle (20a), and the moving sections (T1, T2, see FIG. 19) of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are mutually exclusive time slots (time slots). It can be operated by dividing it into slots.

[0257] In one embodiment of the present invention, the operation of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be stopped during the operation section (T2, see FIG. 19) of the second discharge nozzle (20a), and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) containing the first material (M1) can be set to a negative pressure so as to block unintended leakage of the first material (M1) from the first discharge nozzle (10a) during the operation section (T2, see FIG. 19) of the second discharge nozzle (20a). However, in one embodiment of the present invention, the flow of the first material (M1) may be braked according to the negative pressure set as the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) at the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the movable section (T1, see FIG. 19) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the scan line (SL) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a), and, depending on the inertia of the first material (M1) trying to maintain the braked state of the flow, a separate negative pressure setting may not be implemented after the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the movable section (T1, see FIG. 19) of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or after the end position (FP, see FIG. 17) of the transport path or the scan line (SL) of the first discharge nozzle (10a). And, in this case, the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) in which the first material (M1) is received toward the external stage (S) can be maintained in a stopped state.

[0258] (4) Control of the first flow along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a).

[0259] In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to control the flow of the first material (M1) along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or to increase the reaction speed from the control of the flow of the first material (M1), the control of the flow of the first material (M1) along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be implemented by i) on / off control of the second fluid valve (121) that controls the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and on / off control of the third fluid valve (131) that controls the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) (see FIGS. 16b and 16c), and the valve control signal output from the valve controller (150) through the on / off control of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) is output as an on control signal and an off control signal output toward each of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131). It can be simplified, for example, it may not have the level of the control signal set in multiple stages to control the opening of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131), and accordingly, the structure of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) and the structure of the valve controller (150) for controlling these second and third fluid valves (121, 131) can be simplified. In this way, in order to set the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) to a multi-stage pressure from the on / off control of each of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131), the on / off control of each of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) can be controlled to follow the target pressure while being performed alternately (see FIGS. 16b and 16c).

[0260] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control of the first fluid flow along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be implemented from ii) the on / off control and the opening degree of the second fluid valve (121) that blocks the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the on / off control of the third fluid valve (131) that blocks the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) (see FIGS. 18b and 18c), and in this way, the flow of the first material (M1) is controlled from the control of the second fluid valve (121) that can control the opening and closing and the opening degree of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to each positive pressure source (PS) and the third fluid valve (131) that can control the opening and closing of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS), for example, the first discharge nozzle (10a) from which the first material (M1) is discharged. When it is necessary to reduce the flow of the first material (M1) along the transport path of the nozzle (10a) or along the scan line (SL) forming the transport path, for example, by lowering the transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) or reducing the width (w) of the scan line (SL) from the plan of the transport path, the valve controller (150) can reduce the opening of the second fluid valve (121) that interrupts the connection of the second fluid pipe (120) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and, at the same time, momentarily open-close the third fluid valve (131) that interrupts the connection of the third fluid pipe (130) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) with a short pulse waveform, and, for example, the control signal output from the valve controller (150) toward the second fluid valve (121) has a sloped ramp shape with a predetermined rising time or a predetermined falling time so as to reduce the opening of the second fluid valve (121). It can be output as a waveform,The control signal output from the valve controller (150) toward the third fluid valve (131) may be output as a pulse-shaped waveform having no rising time and falling time or a short rising time and falling time while the third fluid valve (131) is opened and closed at short time intervals (see FIGS. 18b and 18c). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the valve controller (150) may output a control signal of a sloped ramp waveform having a first rising time or a first falling time in order to control reducing the opening degree of the second fluid valve (121), and may output a control signal of a pulse waveform having a second rising period or a second falling time that is shorter than the first rising time or the first falling time in order to sequentially control the on-off of the third fluid valve (131) (see FIGS. 18b and 18c).

[0261] For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the second fluid valve (121) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) side can form a control signal in a form that is continuously changed for controlling its opening, for example, a waveform in the form of a ramp having a predetermined rise time, and accordingly, the opening of the second fluid valve (121) includes the predetermined rise time and an additional time delay in addition to the rise time, and as a result, in the opening control of the second fluid valve (121), a certain amount of delay time is inevitable for the transition from the first opening degree to the second opening degree (continuous change from the first opening degree to the second opening degree), for example, the conveying speed changes discontinuously along the conveying path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged (for example, a change in the conveying speed between a curved section and a straight section), or the width (w) of the scan line (SL) changes discontinuously along the conveying path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged (for example, (depending on the shape of the sculpture or the plan of the transport path), and in this way, in a driving environment where a discontinuous change in the application volume of the first material (M1) is preferred, along with the opening control of the second fluid valve (121) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) side, that is, at the same time as the opening control of the second fluid valve (121) is initiated, the control of the second fluid valve (121) on the positive pressure source (PS) side and the third fluid valve (131) on the negative pressure source (NS) side can be implemented simultaneously to induce a discontinuous change in the flow of the first material (M1) that follows the discontinuous change in the application volume of the first material (M1) from the instantaneous open-close control of the third fluid valve (131) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) side.

[0262] As described above, in one embodiment of the present invention, i) a control method in which the flow of the first material (M1) is controlled by the on / off control of the second fluid valve (121) on the positive pressure source (PS) side and the on / off control of the third fluid valve (131) on the negative pressure source (NS) side (see FIGS. 16b and 16c) and ii) a control method in which the flow of the first material (M1) is controlled by the on / off and opening control of the second fluid valve (121) on the positive pressure source (PS) side and the on / off control of the third fluid valve (131) on the negative pressure source (NS) side (see FIGS. 18b and 18c), the flow of the first material (M1) can be controlled together with the on / off control of the second fluid valve (121) on the positive pressure source (PS) side through the on / off of the third fluid valve (131) on the negative pressure source (NS) side, or the positive The flow of the first material (M1) can be controlled by the on / off control and the opening control of the second fluid valve (121) on the pressure source (PS) side, and in a driving environment where a discontinuous change in the application volume (application volume per unit time) of the first material (M1) is preferred, the flow of the first material (M1) can be decelerated or braked at once, and the change in the application volume of the reduced first material (M1) corresponding to the tracking target can be tracked instantaneously or stepwise, thereby improving the transient response characteristics.

[0263] In this way, in one embodiment of the present invention, the second fluid valve (121) on the positive pressure source (PS) side can be controlled in an on / off manner, or its opening can be controlled together with the on / off, and unlike the different control methods of the second fluid valve (121) on the positive pressure source (PS) side, the third fluid valve (131) on the negative pressure source (NS) side can be controlled in an on / off manner to induce deceleration and braking of the fluid flow of the first material (M1), particularly, deceleration and braking of the fluid flow of the first material (M1) to induce discontinuous changes, and it is possible to avoid computational resources or computational burden for implementing not only the on / off control but also the opening control of the third fluid valve (131) on the negative pressure source (NS) side.

[0264] (Transfer of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) and stage (S))

[0265] Throughout this specification, the transport of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) may include the absolute transport of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a), and may encompass the relative transport of the stage (S) with respect to the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, through movement of the stage (S) on which the first and second materials (M1, M2) discharged from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are accumulated, a trajectory or trace of the first and second materials (M1, M2) that follows a planned transport path on the stage (S) substantially in the same manner as the transport of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be formed, and the trajectory or trace of the first and second materials (M1, M2) accumulated on the stage (S) according to the relative transport between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) and the stage (S) according to the transport of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) or the transport of the stage (S) can form a shape surrounded by the outline and contour of the shape. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the relative movement between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) and the stage (S) can be made from the stage (S) having a relatively short power transmission distance with the actuator (A), and the positional movement of the stage (S) with respect to the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) whose positions are fixed through the present specification can be expressed as the movement of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a).

[0266] A multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention,

[0267] A first discharge nozzle (10a) for discharging a first liquid material (M1) to form a molding object on a stage (S), a heating funnel (10) filled with the first liquid material (M1) connected to the first discharge nozzle (10a), and a bidirectional pressure control unit (100) connected to the heating funnel (10) to set the pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a positive pressure or a negative pressure.

[0268] In addition, it further includes a second discharge nozzle (20a) for discharging a second material (M2) in a paste or slurry phase that forms the outline of the above-mentioned structure,

[0269] The width (w) of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be set to scan the entire forming area in which a forming object is formed corresponding to the filling space surrounded by the outline of the forming object formed from the second material (M2).

[0270] For example, a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include an extrusion device (80) connected to the second discharge nozzle (20a) and extruding the second material (M2) toward the second discharge nozzle (20a) so as to discharge the second material (M2) in a paste or slurry phase in which ceramic particles and a matrix in which ceramic particles are dispersed are mixed.

[0271] For example, a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention,

[0272] It further includes a heating chamber (50) for providing a cooling space (50`) for the first and second materials (M1, M2) accumulated on the stage (S) from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) while accommodating the stage (S),

[0273] The pressure difference (PIO) between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) may correspond to the internal pressure (PI) of the heating funnel (10) containing the liquid first material (M1), based on the atmospheric pressure of the cooling space (50`) of the heating chamber (50).

[0274] Hereinafter, one aspect of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

[0275] A multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention,

[0276] A stage (S) that provides a support base for the sculpture that is the object of the sculpture,

[0277] First and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) arranged on the stage (S) to discharge a second material (M2) in a paste or slurry form that forms the outline of the shape, and a first material (M1) in a liquid form that fills the filling space surrounded by the outline of the shape formed by the second material (M2), respectively;

[0278] An extrusion device (80) connected to the second discharge nozzle (20a) for extruding the second material (M2) in a paste or slurry phase mixed with ceramic particles and a matrix in which ceramic particles are dispersed, toward the second discharge nozzle (20a),

[0279] A heating funnel (10) for melting a metal block, which is connected to the first discharge nozzle (10a), and which takes a metal block as input and discharges a first material (M1) of liquid metal flow in which the metal block is melted through the first discharge nozzle (10a); and

[0280] It may include a heating chamber (50) for providing a cooling space (50`) for the first and second materials (M1, M2) accumulated on the stage (S) from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) while accommodating the stage (S).

[0281] For the first material (M1) above, the first material (M1) can be formed as a liquid metal or metal flow formed from a heating funnel (10) that takes a solid metal block as input and heats the input metal block to a melting point or higher, and the molten metal or metal flow in the internal space of the heating funnel (10) can be discharged onto the stage (S) through the first discharge nozzle (10a) forming the lower end of the heating funnel (10).

[0282] With respect to the second material (M2), the second material (M2) may be formed as a paste- or slurry-phase composite material in which solid ceramic particles and a liquid (or gel-phase) vehicle and / or binder are mixed, and for example, the ceramic particles may have a particle size in the μm scale. This second material (M2) may have lower fluidity than the first material (M1) formed as a liquid metal or metal fluid while being formed as a paste-phase or slurry phase in which ceramic particles are dispersed, and the second material (M2) may be forcibly conveyed through a second discharge nozzle (20a) or a connecting pipe (70) connected to the second discharge nozzle (20a) by using extrusion to form a homogeneous mixture (or dispersion at a homogeneous concentration) between ceramic particles (solid phase) having different material phases and a matrix (liquid or gel phase) in which the ceramic particles are accommodated.

[0283] For example, the extrusion device (80) for extruding the first material (M1) may include a first hopper (81) into which ceramic particles forming a solid component of the first material (M1) are introduced, and a second hopper (82) into which a matrix forming a paste or slurry phase by accommodating the ceramic particles is introduced, and the ceramic particles and the matrix introduced from the first and second hoppers (81, 82) are introduced together into a conveying pipe (83) of the extrusion device (80), and may be mixed with each other through a rotating screw (85) formed inside the conveying pipe (83) and may be conveyed along a supply direction toward the stage (S), and, for example, between the discharge port (80a) of the extrusion device (80) and the first discharge nozzle (10a) formed on the stage (S) or the discharge unit (20) including the first discharge nozzle (10a) at the bottom, via a connecting pipe (70) that mediates the conveyance of the first material (M1), as described below. It can be discharged onto the stage (S) through the first discharge nozzle (10a) at the bottom of the discharge unit (20) along the discharge unit (20) embedded in the block (40). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the upstream end of the connecting pipe (70) can be connected to the discharge port (80a) of the extrusion device (80), and the downstream end of the connecting pipe (70) can be connected to the discharge unit (20) including the first discharge nozzle (10a) at the bottom.

[0284] The heating funnel (10) and the discharge unit (20) can be buried together in a buried block (40), and the buried block (40) can define a gap between the first discharge nozzle (10a) forming the lower end of the heating funnel (10) and the second discharge nozzle (20a) forming the lower end of the discharge unit (20) by buried together the heating funnel (10) and the discharge unit (20) and fixing their positions. In one embodiment of the present invention, the embedded block (40) surrounds the first heat source (15) wound on the outer surface of the heating funnel (10), and can insulate the internal space of the heating funnel (10) from the surrounding environment so as to maintain the temperature of the internal space of the heating funnel (10) controlled by the first heat source (15) at a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal block, and can maintain the temperature of the discharge unit (20) arranged on the opposite side of the heating funnel (10) at a temperature higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment or room temperature, but lower than the melting point of the metal block by interposing the first heat source (15) therebetween. In one embodiment of the present invention, the embedded block (40) can be formed of an insulating material.

[0285] In one embodiment of the present invention, the above-described buried block (40) may bury most of the heating funnel (10) and the discharge unit (20), but may expose the inlet forming the upper end of the heating funnel (10) and the fitting end (20b) forming the upper end of the discharge unit (20), and may expose the upper end of the heating funnel (10) and the discharge unit (20) so as to have a predetermined amount of space, including the upper end of the heating funnel (10) for the introduction of the metal block and the upper end of the discharge unit (20) for the connection of the connecting pipe (70), respectively. In one embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the inlet forming the upper end of the heating funnel (10) and the fitting end (20b) forming the upper end of the discharge unit (20), an electrical contact (15a) of a first heat source (15) surrounding the outer circumference of the heating funnel (10) may be exposed on the upper part of the above-mentioned landfill block (40), and the electrical contact (15a) of the first heat source (15) may protrude to the highest level so that electrical interference with other surrounding components may be blocked, for example, may protrude to a level higher than the inlet of the heating funnel (10) and the fitting end (20b) of the discharge unit (20) along the height direction (Z1).

[0286] The above-described buried block (40) may include an upper block (41) formed with a relatively high height to bury most of the heating funnel (10) and the discharge unit (20), and a lower block (42) formed with an area expanded from the upper block (41), and a cooling space (50`) may be formed including an upper portion closed by the lower block (42), a side portion closed by a partition wall (50a) of the heating chamber (50), and a lower portion closed by a bottom wall (50b) of the heating chamber (50). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling space (50`) may be formed by assembling the buried block (40) and the heating chamber (50), and a second heat source (55) may be formed on the partition wall (50a) of the heating chamber (50) forming the cooling space (50`). The heating chamber (50) can provide a slow cooling space (50`) for the first and second materials (M1, M2) accumulated on the stage (S) from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) while accommodating the stage (S). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can correspond to the internal pressure of the heating funnel (10) in which the first material (M1) is accommodated, based on the pressure of the slow cooling space (50`) of the heating chamber (50) (for example, atmospheric pressure 1 atm).

[0287] An opening (50``) is formed in the bottom wall (50b) of the heating chamber (50) to allow power connection between the stage (S) and the actuator (A, first to third actuators), and a connecting rod (100) that provides power connection between the stage (S) and the actuator (A) that provides driving power to the stage (S) passes through the opening (50``) to power-connect the stage (S) and the actuator (A). In one embodiment of the present invention, the embedded block (40), the heating chamber (50), and the actuator (A) can be aligned with each other through an assembly guide rod (R).

[0288] Throughout this specification, setting the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure may include providing negative pressure in the form of steps or pulses for a relatively short period of time (duration) so as to block the inertia of the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) while the application and blocking of the negative pressure between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) are performed for a relatively short period of time (duration). For example, throughout this specification, setting the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10) to a negative pressure may not mean that the negative pressure is not eliminated and the negative pressure is maintained or that the negative pressure is maintained for a considerable period of time (duration).

[0289] In one embodiment of the present invention, before the first discharge nozzle (10a) is operated, that is, before the first material (M1) is discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a), a path plan of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be generated, and for example, the path plan of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can set all configurations related to discharge of the first material (M1), such as a transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) and a transport speed and a discharge speed at each position on the transport path. However, in various embodiments of the present invention, the discharge of the first material (M1) from the first discharge nozzle (10a) may not necessarily involve the transport of the first discharge nozzle (10a), that is, the relative transport between the first discharge nozzle (10a) and the stage (S), and depending on the fluidity of the first material (M1), when the first discharge nozzle (10a) is stationary, that is, the relative position between the first discharge nozzle (10a) and the stage (S) is fixed, the first material (M1) discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) can fill the filling space inside the outline of the object formed of the second material (M2) based on the relatively high fluidity, and even in this embodiment, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) can be set to a negative pressure to block the inertia of the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S) and stop the discharge of the first material (M1).

[0290] In one embodiment of the present invention, prior to the discharge of the first material (M1), the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be set from the path plan of the first discharge nozzle (10a) through which the first material (M1) is discharged. At this time, the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be set to fill the filling space inside the outline of the object formed of the second material (M2). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be set so that the scan lines (SL) forming the transport path do not overlap each other, or the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be set so that the scan lines (SL) forming the transport path overlap each other in some parts. In various embodiments of the present invention, the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be formed by scan lines (SL) overlapping each other while entirely filling the outline of the object formed of the second material (M2), or by scan lines that do not overlap each other. It can be formed by a line (SL).

[0291] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 10b) for discharging the first and second materials (M1, M2), respectively, can implement integral transport with respect to each other through a bonding structure (for example, embedded within a buried block 40 and structurally bonded to each other) that structurally bonds these first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 10b), and for example, the first material (M1) can be discharged from the first discharge nozzle (10a) while the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 10b) are transported along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a), or the second material (M2) can be discharged from the second discharge nozzle (10b) while the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 10b) are transported along the transport path of the second discharge nozzle (10b). However, in various embodiments of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 10b) can discharge the first and second materials (M1, M2) simultaneously while being transported with a certain gap therebetween, and the first material (M1) can be accumulated at an internal position along the outline of the shape formed from the second material (M2) to form a shape, and for example, the outline of the shape and the shape itself can be formed simultaneously through the integral transport of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 10b). For example, when the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 10b) for discharging the first and second materials (M1, M2) perform the discharge of the first material (M1) following the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) and the discharge of the second material (M2) following the transport path of the second discharge nozzle (10b) at different time slots in a time series manner, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel (10) containing the first material (M1) can be set to a negative pressure to block leakage of the first material (M1) when discharging the second material (M2), and the setting of the negative pressure to block leakage of the first material (M1) when discharging the second material (M2) can be performed in various necessary or driving environments.

[0292] In one embodiment of the present invention, for the purpose of controlling the flow of the first material (M1) from the heating funnel (10) toward the stage (S), the on / off control of the second fluid valve (121) connected to the positive pressure source (PS) and the on / off control of the third fluid valve (131) connected to the negative pressure source (NS) may be alternately controlled to be staggered, for example, considering the inertia of the flow inside the second fluid pipe (120) to which each second fluid valve (121) is connected and the third fluid pipe (130) to which each third fluid valve (131) is connected and the time delay (a kind of latency) between the input and output from the input of the turn-on / turn-off of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) to the output of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel (10), the on / off of these second and third fluid valves (121, 131) may be alternately controlled to be staggered along the time axis. They may be controlled in an overlapping manner, for example, considering the inertia or time delay of the flow, while one control is initiated at an earlier time step, the on / off of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) may be controlled in a manner that partially overlaps with each other along the time axis. In various embodiments of the present invention, the on / off of the second and third fluid valves (121, 131) may be controlled in an exclusive manner that does not overlap with each other along the time axis.

[0293] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two-way pressure control unit (100, more specifically, the valve controller 150) can control the on / off and opening degree of the second fluid valve (121) connected to the positive pressure source (PS), and can control the on / off and opening degree of the third fluid valve (131) connected to the negative pressure source (NS). That is, in one embodiment of the present invention, the valve controller (150) can control the opening of the third fluid valve (131) together with the on / off of the third fluid valve (131) connected to the negative pressure source (NS), and for example, for setting the negative pressure in advance along the time axis, according to the length of the ON section of the third fluid valve (131) connected to the negative pressure source (NS), for example, if the ON section of the preceding third fluid valve (131) is set relatively long, the opening of the third fluid valve (131) at the current time step can be controlled to open with a relatively small width, and if the ON section of the preceding third fluid valve (131) is set relatively short, the opening of the third fluid valve (131) at the current time step can be controlled to open with a relatively wide width. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, if the ON section of the preceding third fluid valve (131) is set relatively long, the internal pressure of the heating funnel (10) is in a relatively strong negative pressure state, and therefore, in consideration of the driving load of the negative pressure source (NS) due to suction from the heating funnel (10) in a strong negative pressure state, the opening of the third fluid valve (131) can be controlled to open in a narrow width, and if the ON section of the preceding third fluid valve (131) is set relatively short, the internal pressure of the heating funnel (10) is in a relatively weak negative pressure state, and therefore, without the need to consider the driving load of the negative pressure source (NS) due to suction from the heating funnel (10) in a weak negative pressure state, the opening of the third fluid valve (131) can be controlled to open in a wide width.

[0294] Referring to FIG. 15, the application volume per unit time set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle (10a) can be calculated from the multiplication of the cross-sectional area of ​​the scan line (SL) including the width (w) dimension and the height (h) dimension of the scan line (SL) forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle (10a) and the length (L) of the scan line (SL) per unit time corresponding to the transport speed.

[0295] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the attached drawings, these are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom.

[0296] The present invention can be applied to 3D printing devices and industrial fields related to 3D printing devices.

Claims

1. A first discharge nozzle for discharging a first liquid material to form a shape on a stage; A heating funnel filled with a first liquid material, to which the first discharge nozzle is connected; and A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that it comprises a bidirectional pressure control unit connected to the heating funnel, for alternately reversing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel between positive pressure and negative pressure, i) accelerating the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle according to the positive pressure, and ii) decelerating the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle according to the negative pressure or applying a brake to the flow of the first material.

2. In paragraph 1, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the above two-way pressure control unit sets the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure, thereby applying a brake to the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle.

3. In paragraph 1, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the above two-way pressure control unit sets the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure, thereby providing a suction force toward the heating funnel so that the flow of the first material is not discharged from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle.

4. In paragraph 1, The above two-way pressure control unit, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that, at the end position of the transport path of the first discharge nozzle or the end position of the scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel is set to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure.

5. In paragraph 1, The above two-way pressure control unit, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that, along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle or the scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the heating funnel is set to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure in a section between the end position of the scan line and the start position of the scan line.

6. In paragraph 1, In forming a shape by accumulating the preceding turns and the succeeding turns and laminating the preceding and succeeding layers, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that, along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle, an end position and a start position of a scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle are interposed between a preceding turn and a succeeding turn, and between a preceding layer and a succeeding layer.

7. In paragraph 6, Along the transport path of the above first discharge nozzle, Between the end position of the scan line in the preceding turn and the start position of the scan line in the succeeding turn; and A dispensing stop section is formed between the end position of the scan line in the preceding layer and the start position of the scan line in the succeeding layer. A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the above two-way pressure control unit sets the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure in the application stop section.

8. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a second discharge nozzle for discharging a second material to form the outline of the above-mentioned sculpture, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that, when discharging the second material, the bidirectional pressure control unit sets the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure or a pulse of negative pressure including application and blocking of negative pressure, so as to block discharging the first material.

9. In paragraph 8, The movable section of the first discharge nozzle in which the first and second discharge nozzles, which are connected to each other, are transported together along the transport path of the first discharge nozzle, The movable section of the second discharge nozzle, in which the first and second discharge nozzles, which are connected to each other, are transported together along the transport path of the second discharge nozzle, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized by being divided into mutually exclusive time slots during a molding process for forming a shape.

10. In paragraph 1, The above two-way pressure control unit, A first fluid pipe connected to the above heating funnel and a first fluid valve for disconnecting the connection of the first fluid pipe; A second fluid pipe connected to a positive pressure source and a second fluid valve for disconnecting the connection of the second fluid pipe; A third fluid pipe connected to a negative pressure source and a third fluid valve for disconnecting the connection of the third fluid pipe; and Including a valve controller for controlling the first to third fluid valves, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the valve controller implements on / off control for the second fluid valve and on / off control for the third fluid valve.

11. In paragraph 10, The above valve controller, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that the on / off of the second fluid valve and the on / off of the third fluid valve are alternately controlled to be staggered with each other, but are alternately controlled to include some overlap with each other along the time axis or exclusively to not overlap with each other.

12. In paragraph 10, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the valve controller implements control of on / off and opening of the second fluid valve and control of on / off and opening of the third fluid valve.

13. In paragraph 12, The above valve controller, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized by implementing sequential on-off control of the third fluid valve together with control for reducing the opening degree of the second fluid valve.

14. In paragraph 13, The above valve controller, In order to control the opening of the second fluid valve, a control signal of a sloped ramp waveform having a first rising time or a first falling time is output, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that it outputs a control signal in the form of a pulse waveform having a second rising period or a second falling time that is shorter than the first rising time or the first falling time, for sequential control of the on-off of the third fluid valve.

15. In paragraph 1, The above two-way pressure control unit, Depending on the insufficiency of the application volume per unit time of the first material set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is set to a positive pressure to accelerate the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle, or A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that, depending on the excess of the application volume per unit time of the second material set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is set to a negative pressure to reduce the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle or to brake the flow of the first material.

16. In paragraph 15, According to the application volume per unit time of the first material set according to the transport path and transport speed of the first discharge nozzle, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is set to positive pressure or negative pressure to accelerate or reduce the flow of the first material from the heating funnel toward the first discharge nozzle, or to brake the flow of the first material. A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the application volume per unit time of the first material is calculated from the product of the width of the scan line forming the transport path, or the cross-sectional area of ​​the scan line including the width dimension and the height dimension of the scan line, and the length of the scan line per unit time corresponding to the transport speed.

17. In paragraph 1, The above heating funnel includes a circumferential surface with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from the upper inlet into which the metal block of the first material is introduced to the bottle neck portion connected to the lower first discharge nozzle through which the liquid first material is discharged. A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that, for the flow of the first material in the liquid phase, the flow friction acting from the circumferential surface of the heating funnel and the bottleneck portion limiting the flow rate of the first material cause a pressure loss in the flow of the first material.

18. In paragraph 17, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that the pressure loss caused by the flow of the first material from the inside of the heating funnel toward the outside is reduced as the first material filled with a limited capacity inside the heating funnel is discharged from the inside of the heating funnel to the outside stage.

19. In paragraph 18, The above two-way pressure control unit, Under a steady-state in which the discharge amount of the first material from the inside of the above heating funnel toward the outside stage is maintained constant, i) so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is reduced together to offset the pressure loss that is reduced due to the discharge of the first material, or ii) The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel is maintained equally so that the decrease in the self-weight of the first material and the decrease in the pressure loss, which act in opposing tendencies to the flow of the first material according to the discharge of the first material, cancel each other out, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized by controlling the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel.

20. In paragraph 1, A sealing cover that is coupled to face the heating funnel to cover and seal the inlet at the top of the heating funnel; and A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that it further comprises a sealing gasket for sealing between the heating funnel and the sealing cover between the heating funnel and the sealing cover.

21. In paragraph 20, The above heating funnel includes a sealing flange formed along the outer periphery of the upper inlet, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the above sealing gasket is interposed between the sealing flange of the heating funnel and the sealing cover, which are joined to each other by a fastening means penetrating the sealing flange of the heating funnel and the plate-shaped sealing cover formed in parallel with each other.

22. In paragraph 1, The above two-way pressure control unit, A first fluid pipe extending from the common joining location toward the heating funnel; A second fluid line connected to a positive pressure source from a common joining location; and A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized by including a third fluid conduit connected to a negative pressure source from a common joining location.

23. In paragraph 22, The above two-way pressure control unit, A first fluid valve connected between the common joining position and the heating funnel on the first fluid pipe; A first pressure gauge connected between the heating funnel and the first fluid valve on the first fluid pipe; A second fluid valve connected between the common joining position and a positive pressure source on the second fluid pipe; A second pressure gauge connected between the positive pressure source and the second fluid valve on the second fluid pipe; On the third fluid pipe, a third fluid valve connected between the common joining position and a negative pressure source; and A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that it further comprises a third pressure gauge connected between the negative pressure source and the third fluid valve on the third fluid pipe.

24. In paragraph 23, The above two-way control unit, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that it further includes a valve controller connected to each of the first to third fluid valves and applying a control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the valve and the opening degree of the valve, for each of the first to third fluid valves.

25. In paragraph 24, The above valve controller, Controlling the opening of the first and second fluid valves so as to set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a positive pressure, A multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that the first and third fluid valves are controlled to open so as to set the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel to a negative pressure.

26. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a second discharge nozzle for discharging a second material in a paste or slurry phase that forms the outline of the shape, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the width of the scan line forming the transport path of the first discharge nozzle is set to scan the entire forming area in which a forming object is formed corresponding to a filling space surrounded by the outline of the forming object formed from the second material.

27. In paragraph 26, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that it further includes an extrusion device that extrudes a second material toward the second discharge nozzle so as to discharge a second material in a paste or slurry phase mixed with ceramic particles and a matrix in which ceramic particles are dispersed, connected to the second discharge nozzle.

28. In paragraph 26, Further comprising a heating chamber for providing a cooling space for the first and second materials accumulated on the stage from the first and second discharge nozzles while accommodating the stage, A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heating funnel corresponds to the internal pressure of the heating funnel containing the first liquid material, based on the atmospheric pressure of the cooling space of the heating chamber.

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