Enhanced indication on multiple transmissions in contention based access
By determining and transmitting replica information for multiple packet transmissions, the UE enhances uplink capacity in IoT-NTN systems, addressing the lack of efficient indication mechanisms in existing 3GPP NTN technologies.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/110140
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing 3GPP NTN technologies lack efficient mechanisms for UE to indicate multiple transmission replicas and associated transmission control information for improved uplink capacity in contention based access, particularly for IoT-NTN systems.
A first apparatus determines replica information indicating resources for transmitting multiple replicas of a packet and transmits this information to a second apparatus to enhance uplink capacity through cancellation-based contention resolution.
Improves uplink capacity by enabling effective cancellation-based contention resolution at the base station, aligning with existing signaling mechanisms and enhancing UL capacity in IoT-NTN systems.
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Figure CN2024110140_12022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
ENHANCED INDICATION ON MULTIPLE TRANSMISSIONS IN CONTENTION BASED ACCESSFIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for enhanced indication on multiple transmissions in contention based access.BACKGROUND
[0002] A non-terrestrial network (NTN) refers to a network or segment of networks using radio frequency (RF) resources on board a satellite or unmanned aircraft system (UAS) platform. Internet of Things (IoT) NTN, short for Internet of Things via Non-Terrestrial Networks, refers to the integration of IoT technologies with non-terrestrial communication systems to extend IoT connectivity beyond the limits of traditional terrestrial infrastructure. Narrow Band (NB) IoT NTN is already being commercially deployed. Based on the existing IoT-NTN deployment and deployment plan, it is identified the support of massive capacity is needed for IoT-NTN, in particular NB-IoT. Multiplexing of user equipment (UEs) by usage of orthogonal cover codes (OCC) for Narrowband Physical Uplink Shared Channel (NPUSCH) format 1 and NPRACH are being studied.
[0003] Apart from enhancements above, reducing the necessary uplink and downlink signaling to complete an Early Data Transmission (EDT) transaction may be beneficial. Further study in this respect is also needed.SUMMARY
[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus (110) at least to:determine (305, 405, 505, 615, 620) replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet; and transmit (310, 410, 510, 625, 630, 640) the replica information to a second apparatus (120) for improved uplink capacity.
[0005] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus (120) at least to: receive (315, 415, 515, 626. 631, 641) , from a first apparatus (110) , replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information is used for improved uplink capacity.
[0006] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method includes: determining (305, 405, 505, 615, 620) replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet; and transmitting (310, 410, 510, 625, 630, 640) the replica information to a second apparatus (120) for improved uplink capacity.
[0007] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method includes: receiving (315, 415, 515, 626. 631, 641) , from a first apparatus (110) , replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information is used for improved uplink capacity.
[0008] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus includes means for determining (305, 405, 505, 615, 620) replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet; and means for transmitting (310, 410, 510, 625, 630, 640) the replica information to a second apparatus (120) for improved uplink capacity.
[0009] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus includes means for receiving (315, 415, 515, 626.631, 641) , from a first apparatus (110) , replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information is used for improved uplink capacity.
[0010] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium includes instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the third aspect or the fourth aspect.
[0011] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0014] FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic diagram of a replica pattern;
[0015] FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of a Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted Aloha (CRDSA) tag;
[0016] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow for transmitting of replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling flow for transmitting of replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling flow for transmitting of replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 6 illustrates a signaling flow for example multiple transmissions in contention based access according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0020] FIGS. 7A to 7B illustrate schematic diagrams for carrying the replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0021] FIG. 7C illustrates a schematic diagram for indicating UL grant indexes for different replicas according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 7D illustrates a schematic diagram for carrying the replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 8 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second apparatus according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 10 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0026] FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0027] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0029] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0030] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0031] It is to be understood that although the terms “first, ” “second, ” …, etc. in front of noun (s) and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements may not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another and they do not limit the order of the noun (s) . For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0032] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0033] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.
[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “includes” , “including” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0035] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0036] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0037] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0038] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0039] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0040] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0041] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0042] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It is not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0043] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture includes a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node includes a Mobile Terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.
[0044] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The terminal device may also correspond to a Mobile Termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node) . In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0045] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “resource block, ” “physical resource block” (PRB) , “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other combination of the time, frequency, space and / or code domain resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0046] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of communication devices, including a first apparatus 110 and a second apparatus 120 may communicate with each other.
[0047] In the example of FIG. 1, the second apparatus 120 has a certain coverage range, which may be called as a serving area or a source cell. The first apparatus 110 is located in the cell managed by the second apparatus 120. In the communication environment 100, the second apparatus 120 may communicate data and control information with the first apparatus 110.
[0048] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 is a network device, a link from the second apparatus 120 to the first apparatus 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a link from the first apparatus 110 to the second apparatus 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the second apparatus 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the first apparatus 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the first apparatus 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the second apparatus 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) .
[0049] It is to be understood that the number of apparatuses and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of apparatuses configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0050] In the following, for purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the first apparatus 110 operating as a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 operating as a network device. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.
[0051] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , including, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) , and the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, including but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0052] In some example embodiments, the communication environment 100 is an NTN network including one or more satellites. In some example embodiments, an access network device (such as, a gNB) may be deployed at a satellite, also referred to as a regenerative architecture. Alternatively, in some example embodiments, an access network device may be deployed separately from the satellite, such as, deployed on the ground, also referred to as transparent architecture. In the present disclosure, according to the specific application scenario or requirements, either or both of the satellite and the access network device may be considered as the second apparatus 120. A terminal device in the NTN netwrok may be considered as the first apparatus 110. Embodiments of the present discourse is not limited in this regard.
[0053] Enhancements of IoT-NTN may include the objective on support of capacity enhancements for uplink, for example, enhancements to enable multiplexing of multiple UEs (e.g. up to the min of 4 and the maximum allowed by the existing UL and DL signaling) in a single 3.75 kHz or 15 kHz subcarrier via orthogonal cover codes (OCC) for NPUSCH format 1 and Narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (NPRACH) . Meanwhile, multi-tone support for 15 kHz SCS may be considered, necessary signaling (s) may be specified, if needed, and RF requirements may be updated accordingly, if needed.
[0054] The following enhancements may be also studied to reduce the necessary uplink and downlink signaling to complete an Early Data Transmission (EDT) transaction, for example, Msg3 transmission without Msg1 Random Access Preamble / Msg2 Random Access Response (RAR) , efficient delivery (reduced overhead) of Msg4 / RRCEarlyDataComplete, and so on. Study is made on contention-based Msg3 transmission to complete an EDT-like transaction. The discussion is continued on Diversity Slotted ALOHA (DSA) and Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted Aloha (CRDSA) for Msg3-EDT transmissions without Msg1 / Msg2.
[0055] In the DSA and CRDSA access method, a terminal device (e.g., a UE) may transmit multiple replicas to reduce the impact of collision in contention based transmissions and also rely on cancellation based contention resolution to improve the throughput / capacity. Therefore, DSA / CRDSA-like mechanism may be considered as the enhanced random access techniques to improve uplink capacity. However, the details on incorporating DSA / CRDSA-like mechanism into 3GPP NTN technologies are not disclosed.
[0056] DSA and CRDSA have been specified as a random access method for satellite communication. The high level operational mechanism of the specified CRDSA may include a transmission process and a reception and decoding process, as follows.
[0057] ● Transmission Process
[0058] 1) Packet Replication: Each terminal generates multiple copies (typically two or three) of the same packet.
[0059] 2) Random Slot Selection: The replicas are transmitted in randomly selected slots within a predefined frame. This random selection ensures that replicas are spread out, reducing the likelihood of all replicas colliding.
[0060] 3) Tagging and Identification: Each packet replica is tagged with information that allows the receiver to identify and correlate the replicas.
[0061] ● Reception and Decoding
[0062] 1) Collision Detection: The receiver (e.g., satellite gateway) monitors the slots for incoming packets. If a slot contains a single packet, it is successfully received. If a slot contains multiple packets, a collision is detected.
[0063] 2) Interference Cancellation: When a collision occurs, the receiver uses the correctly received replicas from other slots to reconstruct and decode the collided packets. This process, known as interference cancellation or successive interference cancellation, allows the recovery of collided packets using the diversity of the replicas.
[0064] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram 200 of replica patterns. As shown in FIG. 2, a CRDSA window with a plurality of UL subframes are illustrated. For each UL subframe, there may be one or more replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) transmitted.
[0065] In CRDSA, the term "replicas" may refer to multiple instances of the same packet that are transmitted by a UE. The UE may transmit several replicas of the same packet to increase the probability of successful detection by the base station, especially in challenging radio conditions.
[0066] Multiple replicas may help ensure that at least one copy of the packet is received and detected by the base station, even if some are lost due to fading or interference. In the meanwhile, coverage enhancement may be achieved. By repeating the packet, the UE may improve its chances of being heard, which is particularly important for the case where signal strength might be weak.
[0067] The "replica pattern" defines how and when these replicas are transmitted. It may include information on the timing and frequency resources used for each replica. Specifically, the replica pattern specifies the time intervals between the transmission of different replicas. The replica pattern also defines the frequency resources for related replicas, where each replica may be transmitted using different frequency resources to reduce the impact of frequency-selective fading.
[0068] In the example shown in FIG. 2, the replicas 201 and 202 are both labeled “3” , which indicates that a packet labeled “3” is to be transmitted repeatedly by using the replicas 201 and 202. Similarly, the replica 203 is a repetition of a packet labeled “1” and the replicas 204 and 205 are repetitions of a packet labeled “2” .
[0069] The replica patterns indicate how and when the replicas shown in FIG. 2 are transmitted. For example, a replica pattern associated with the replicas 201 and 202 corresponding to the packet labeled “3” indicates that they are to be transmitted in adjacent UL subframes, and the replica 201 is to be transmitted before the replica 202 and at the same time as another replica 205 corresponding to a different packet labeled “2” , which represents another replica pattern together with replica 204. In addition, the replica 201 and the replica 202 are to be transmitted in different frequency resources, and the replica 204 is to be transmitted in the same frequency resource as the replica 205.
[0070] In step 2) of the above Transmission Process, the terminal device may determine the timeslot locations using the following PNGenerate function to calculate a locArray: function locArray = PNGenerate (nofInstances, numRand, nofSlots, srcID_LSB16) where the nofInstances is the number of replica, numRand is randomly selected seed, nofSlots is the number of slots in random access block, srcID_LSB16 is the least significant 16 bits of terminal ID.
[0071] In step 3) of the above transmission process, the terminal device may tag the following information in each of UL transmission replica. FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of a CRDSA tag. As can be seen from FIG. 2B, the CRDSA tag may indicate the numRand, the nofInstances, and / or the like.
[0072] Based on CRDSA tag, e.g., shown in FIG. 2B, the receiver side may use the same PNGenerate function to derive the time slot locations for UL transmission replicas.
[0073] Though DSA and CRDSA have been used in satellite communication system, the access control configuration from the network and the transmission of the associated control information from the terminal device are designed using the satellite communication protocol stack structure, frame structure and signaling mechanism. This cannot be reused without any change by 3GPP technology even for 3GPP NTN. It is still rather open in 3GPP RAN working group how to incorporate the DSA / CRDSA-like techniques into contention based transmission for 3GPP NTN IoT small data such as Msg3-EDT transmission on the shared UL resources to enhance the UL capacity. In particular, the proposed solutions in example embodiments of the present disclosure are targeted to solve the problem on how the UE indicates the multiple transmission replicas and / or associated transmission control information to the base station (BTS) for facilitating cancellation based contention resolution by the BTS without standardization efforts on defining the randomization function.
[0074] Example embodiments of the present disclosure consider applying cancellation based contention resolution mechanism as in CRDSA for shared UL resource access to improve the UL capacity in 3GPP, focuses on the enhanced UE indication to facilitate the BTS to perform cancellation based on successfully received UL transmission from UEs.
[0075] According to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for enhanced UE indication on multiple transmissions in contention based access. In the solution, a first apparatus, e.g., UE determines replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet and transmits the replica information to a second apparatus for improved uplink capacity.
[0076] Comparing with using function in terminal and network side to derive the randomly selected resource for multiple transmission replica, the proposed solution is more efficient and aligned with the existing signaling mechanism.
[0077] Example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0078] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow 300 for transmitting of replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 300 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be discussed with a terminal device, e.g., a UE, and the second apparatus 120 may be discussed with a network device, e.g., a BTS or gNB.
[0079] In the signaling flow 300, the first apparatus 110 determines (305) replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet. The first apparatus 110 transmits (310) the replica information to the second apparatus 120 for improved uplink capacity. Correspondingly, the second apparatus 120 receives (315) the replica information. In this way, the uplink capacity, e.g., the uplink capacity to the second apparatus 120, is improved by applying the cancellation based contention resolution based on the replica information received from the first apparatus 110.
[0080] The replica information may be transmitted in various ways. In some example embodiments, the transmission of the replica information may be performed together with a transmission of each of the plurality of replicas of the packet.
[0081] The replica information may be determined (305) based on configuration information received from the second apparatus 120, which will be discussed in details with respect to FIG. 4 below, or may be determined by the first apparatus 110 itself, which will be discussed in details with respect to FIG. 5 below.
[0082] Specifically, FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling flow 400 for transmitting of replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 400 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be discussed with a terminal device, e.g., a UE, and the second apparatus 120 may be discussed with a network device, e.g., a BTS or gNB.
[0083] In the signaling flow 400, the second apparatus 120 may transmit (401) configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) to the first apparatus 110. The first apparatus 110 may receive (402) , from the second apparatus 120, the configuration information and may determine (405) the replica information.
[0084] Based on the at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) received (402) from the second apparatus 120, the first apparatus 110 may select a target replica pattern (201 and 202) from the at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) . Then, the replica information may be determined (405) based on the target replica pattern (201 and 202) . The selection from the at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) may be performed according to a predetermined or preconfigured rule. Alternatively, the target replica pattern may be randomly selected from the at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) .
[0085] The first apparatus 110 then transmits (410) the replica information indicating the target replica pattern to the second apparatus 120 for improved uplink capacity. Correspondingly, the second apparatus 120 receives (415) the replica information that indicates the target replica pattern that the first apparatus uses to transmit the replica of the packet. Using the replica information, the second apparatus 120 may perform the cancellation based contention resolution for the received uplink transmissions from the first apparatus to improve the uplink capacity.
[0086] In the case where candidate replica / repetition pattern (s) are configured by the second apparatus 120, e.g., BTS, the first apparatus 110, e.g., UE, may indicate the selected replica pattern as the replica information for each of UL transmission replica. The selected replica pattern may be indicated in various ways. For example, a new MAC CE may be introduced to indicate the replica pattern index. Or the replica pattern index may be indicated in MAC PDU header. Or the replica pattern index may be implicitly indicated via associated pilot or DMRS sequence if BTS configures the association / mapping between pilot / DRMS sequence transmitted in UL from the first apparatus 110 and each replica / repetition pattern.
[0087] Specifically, the index of the target replica pattern may be indicated by using a medium access control control element (MAC CE) 710, as shown in FIG. 7A. FIG. 7A illustrates a schematic diagram for a MAC CE 710 carrying the replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the MAC CE 710 includes the index of the target replica pattern which is, for example, represented as the “replica pattern index” .
[0088] It is to be understood that, although the example in FIG. 7A only shows the replica pattern index, it is not a limitation. If the first apparatus 110, e.g., UE, is allowed to start replica transmission (i.e. the first replica transmission) in any the resource slot in the replica pattern, the MAC CE in FIG. 7A may also need to indicate the replica transmission sequence number in order for the second apparatus 120, e.g., BTS, to identify the group of the replica transmissions.
[0089] Alternatively, the index of the target replica pattern may be indicated by a field 716 of at least one bit in a medium access control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) header 720, as shown in FIG. 7B. FIG. 7B illustrates a schematic diagram for a MAC PDU header 720 carrying the index of the target replica pattern according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0090] As a further alternative, the index of the target replica pattern may be indicated by an associated sequence of a pilot signal, and / or the like. In the case where the index of the target replica pattern is indicated by the associated sequence of a pilot signal that is transmitted by the first apparatus 110 in the uplink, the first apparatus 110 may first obtain a mapping (also referred to as a mapping relationship) between sequences of the pilot signal and candidate replica patterns (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) . The mapping may be preconfigured by the second apparatus 120 or may be predefined. Thus, upon receiving the associated sequence of the pilot signal from the first apparatus 110, the second apparatus 120 may be aware which one of the candidate replica patterns (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) is indicated by the associated sequence of the pilot signal transmitted from the first apparatus 110.
[0091] In contrast, in some cases, replica / repetition pattern may be not configured by the second apparatus 120, e.g., BTS, and the first apparatus 110, e.g., UE, may determine the replica information, i.e., the resources for each UL transmission replica / repetition. In such a situation, the first apparatus 110 may indicate the determined resources of each replica transmission to the second apparatus 120. For instance, the determined resources may be indicated either using uplink grant index if the BTS configures the UL grant index for each UL grant in the shared UL resource pool or explicit resource information if UL grant index is not configured.
[0092] If shared UL resource pool is configured e.g. by SIB or dedicated signaling with UL grant index for each UL grant information (e.g. UL grant resource in frequency and time domain, the MCS etc) , the UE may indicate the UL grant index of the each UL transmission replica / repetition.
[0093] If the shared UL resource pool is configured e.g. by SIB or dedicated signaling without UL grant index, the UE may indicate the time and / or frequency domain offset of each replica / repetition transmission and the current transmission. The offset herein is the pointer from the selected resources of the current replica to the selected resources of the previous / next replicas.
[0094] Alternatively, the above two ways may be combied, e.g. the UL grant index only corresponds to frequency domain resource in a single slot, and the time domain offset is explicitly indicated. In other words, if either time or frequency domain resources are configured the UE may only have to give the offset for the other domain, e.g. if resources are available every second time slot for replica transmission, the UE only has to indicate the frequency offset.
[0095] Alternatively, the DMRS / pilot sequence indexmay indicate the resource index offset (explicit or time / frequency) to the previous / next replica / repetition.
[0096] For example, sequence X in time-frequency resource 1 indicates the next sequence will be Y in time-frequency 2. Either the next sequence or time-frequency resource may be known based on a configured pattern, for example, the UE may use the sequence X to indicate the replica information which corresponds to the next sequence Y and / or time-frequency 2 as the indication of replica transmission to the second apparatus 120.
[0097] In some cases, a new MAC CE may be introduced for the UE to indicate the UL resources used for UL replica transmission. Alternatively (less preferred option) the indication may be provided in Uplink Control Information (UCI) .
[0098] Specifically, FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling flow 500 for transmitting of the replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 500 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be discussed with a terminal device, e.g., a UE, and the second apparatus 120 may be discussed with a network device, e.g., a BTS or gNB.
[0099] In the signaling flow 500, the first apparatus 110 may determine (505) the replica information based on a selected resource for transmitting the plurality of replicas (201, 202) . For instance, the replica transmission resources may be randomly selected from the uplink shared resources for transmitting the plurality of replicas (201, 202) . The first apparatus 110 then transmits (510) the replica information as the indication of the selected uplink resources of each replica transmission to the second apparatus 120 for improved uplink capacity by using the indicated uplink resources to perform cancellation based contention resolution.
[0100] The replica information may include, for example, but not limited to, UL grant index (es) , time domain offset (s) , frequency domain offset (s) , index (es) of sequence (s) of a pilot signal. The replica information may be transmitted via a MAC CE, uplink control information (UCI) , or other suitable signaling or message e.g. the sequence of pilot signal. The second apparatus 120 receives (515) the replica information from the first apparatus 110. In this way, the uplink capacity, e.g., the uplink capacity to the second apparatus 120, can be improved by performing the cancellation based contention resolution based on the received replica information from the first apparatus 110.
[0101] In some example embodiments, an uplink (UL) grant index (721, 722, 723) of each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet is indicated via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) . FIG. 7C illustrates a schematic diagram 730 for indicating UL grant indexes for different replicas according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, different MAC CEs 721, 722, 723 indicate different UL grant indexes. Specifically, the MAC CE 721 indicates a UL grant index for the first replica, the MAC CE 722 indicates a UL grant index for the second replica, and the MAC CE 723 indicates a UL grant index for the third replica.
[0102] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include offset information indicating a time domain offset (731, 733) and / or a frequency domain offset (732, 734) for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) . FIG. 7D illustrates a schematic diagram for carrying the replica information according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in 7D, the MAC CE 731 indicates a time domain offset to the first replica, the MAC CE 732 indicates a frequency domain offset to the first replica, the MAC CE 733 indicates a time domain offset to the Nth replica, and the MAC CE 734 indicates a frequency domain offset to the Nth replica.
[0103] The examples in FIG. 7D assume the fixed length of MAC CE and the length of MAC CE is determined according to the maximum number of UL transmission replica. In another option, the MAC CE length may vary depending on the actual number of replica that UE determines. In this option, a MAC CE length indication field using a few bits may be introduced as part of MAC CE.
[0104] It is to be understood that, one octet is assumed for indicating either replica index or UL grant index or time / frequency offset in FIGS. 7A, 7C and 7D. The length of those fields may be either smaller or larger than one octet depending on the number of replica patterns or UL grants or different time / frequency offsets.
[0105] In contrast to indicating the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource directly, in some example embodiments, the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the time domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate frequency domain offset. Alternatively, the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the frequency domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate the time domain offset.
[0106] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include an index of a sequence of the pilot signal, which indicate the sequence of the pilot signal that is associated with each of replica transmission. Or the replica information may be implicitly indicated by the sequence of the pilot signal, provided that the mapping between of the sequence of the pilot signal and replica pattern is configured from the second apparatus 120. Alternatively, the index of sequence of pilot signal or the sequence of pilot signal transmitted from the first apparatus 110 may be used to indicate a resource index offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) . The resource index offset may be a time domain offset and / or a frequency domain offset.
[0107] FIG. 6 illustrates a signaling flow 600 for example multiple transmissions in contention based access according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 shows an implementation example on CRDSA-like procedure between the BTS and UE. It is assumed in FIG. 6 that two UEs send UL transmission over the shared UL resources using contention based access. Herein the UL transmission may be Early Data Transmission (EDT) using 2-step RACH procedure or PUR (Pre-configured UL Resource) transmission for e.g. IoT services. In either case, the BTS may configure the shared UL resources, which may include the RA preamble related configuration, either using SIB or dedicated RRC signaling. Additionally, in order to facilitate the UE for UL transmission replica and also the BTS to perform cancellation based contention resolution, the contention resolution related configuration for UL transmission via the shared UL resources is also configured by the BTS to the UEs.
[0108] In the cancellation based contention resolution, the BTS may cancel the other UE’s interference from the received signal with UL transmission collision from UEs if BTS may receive one of the other UE’s UL transmission replica correctly. In order to perform the cancellation by the BTS, the BTS needs to know the UL resources used for UL transmission replica. Thus the UE may indicate replica resource information in each UL transmission.
[0109] For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 600 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be discussed with a terminal device, e.g., a UE, and the second apparatus 120 may be discussed with a network device, e.g., a BTS or gNB. The signaling flow 600 also involves a third apparatus 601, which is discussed as a further terminal device or a further UE.
[0110] Specifically, in the signaling flow 600, the second apparatus 120 transmits (605) to the first apparatus 110, configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) for determination of a target replica pattern (201 and 202) indicated by the replica information. As shown, the second apparatus 120 also transmits (610) the configuration information to the third apparatus 601.
[0111] The first apparatus 110 receives (605) the configuration information from the second apparatus 120 and selects (615) UL resources or replica pattern for UL transmission replicas. Then, the first apparatus 110 may determine the replica information and transmit (625) the replica information to the second apparatus 120. For example, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (625) uplink transmission replica including the replica information to the second apparatus 120.
[0112] Likewise, the third apparatus 601 receives (611) the configuration information from the second apparatus 120 and selects (620) UL resources or replica pattern for UL transmission replicas. Then, the third apparatus 601 may determine the replica information and transmit (630) the replica information to the second apparatus 120. For example, the third apparatus 601 may transmit (630) uplink transmission replica including the replica information to the second apparatus 120.
[0113] Upon receiving (626) the replica information from the first apparatus 110 and receiving (631) the replica information from the third apparatus 601, the second apparatus 120 may detect (635) a collision based thereon. In this case, the second apparatus 120 may store the received signals, so as to further identify the correct replica.
[0114] Afterwards, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (640) a further uplink transmission replica including the replica information. The second apparatus 120 may correctly receive (641) the further uplink transmission replica from the first apparatus 110. Thus, the second apparatus 120 may cancel first apparatus’s signal from stored signals. In this way, the stored signals with a collision between the first apparatus 110 and the third apparatus 601 may be well processed to derive the uplink transmission from the third apparatus 601.
[0115] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.
[0116] At block 810, the first apparatus 110 determines (305, 405, 505, 615, 620) replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet.
[0117] At block 820, the first apparatus 110 transmits (310, 410, 510, 625, 630, 640) the replica information to a second apparatus 120 for improved uplink capacity.
[0118] In some example embodiments, the method 800 may further include: receiving (402) , from the second apparatus 120, configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) ; and determining (405) the replica information based on a target replica pattern (201 and 202) selected from the at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) .
[0119] In some example embodiments, the replica information indicates an index of the target replica pattern by using at least one of: a medium access control control element (MAC CE) (710) ; a field (716) of at least one bit in a medium access control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) header (720) ; or an associated sequence of a pilot signal, wherein a mapping between sequences of the pilot signal and candidate replica patterns (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) are preconfigured by the second apparatus 120.
[0120] In some example embodiments, the method 800 may further include: determining (505) the replica information based on a selected resource for transmitting the plurality of replicas (201, 202) .
[0121] In some example embodiments, the replica information comprises an uplink (UL) grant index (721, 722, 723) of each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0122] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include offset information indicating a time domain offset (731, 733) and / or a frequency domain offset (732, 734) for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0123] In some example embodiments, the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the time domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate frequency domain offset; or wherein the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the frequency domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate the time domain offset.
[0124] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include an index of a sequence of the pilot signal indicating a resource index offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) , and wherein the resource index offset may be at least one of a time domain offset or a frequency domain offset.
[0125] In some example embodiments, the replica information may be transmitted via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or uplink control information (UCI) or a medium access control packet data unit (MAC PDU) header.
[0126] In some example embodiments, the transmission of the replica information may be performed together with a transmission of each of the plurality of replicas of the packet.
[0127] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may include a terminal device, and the second apparatus 120 may include a network device.
[0128] FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of an example method 900 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 900 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.
[0129] At block 910, the second apparatus receives (315, 415, 515, 626.631, 641) , from a first apparatus 110, replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information may be used for improved uplink capacity.
[0130] In some example embodiments, the method 900 may further include: transmitting (401, 605, 610) , to the first apparatus 110, configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) for determination of a target replica pattern (201 and 202) indicated by the replica information.
[0131] In some example embodiments, the replica information indicates an index of the target replica pattern by using at least one of: a medium access control control element (MAC CE) (710) ; a field (716) of at least one bit in a medium access control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) header (720) ; or an associated sequence of a pilot signal, wherein a mapping between sequences of the pilot signal and candidate replica patterns (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) are preconfigured by the second apparatus 120.
[0132] In some example embodiments, the replica information indicates a selected resource for transmitting the plurality of replicas.
[0133] In some example embodiments, the replica information comprises an uplink (UL) grant index (721, 722, 723) of each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0134] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include offset information indicating a time domain offset (731, 733) and / or a frequency domain offset (732, 734) for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0135] In some example embodiments, the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the time domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate frequency domain offset; or wherein the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the frequency domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate the time domain offset.
[0136] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include an index of a sequence of the pilot signal indicating a resource index offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) , and wherein the resource index offset may be at least one of a time domain offset or a frequency domain offset.
[0137] In some example embodiments, the replica information may be received via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or uplink control information (UCI) or a medium access control packet data unit (MAC PDU) header.
[0138] In some example embodiments, the reception of the replica information may be performed together with a reception of each of the plurality of replicas of the packet.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may include a terminal device, and the second apparatus 120 may include a network device.
[0140] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 800 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1) may include means for performing the respective operations of the method 800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.
[0141] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may include means for determining (305, 405, 505, 615, 620) replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet; and means for transmitting (310, 410, 510, 625, 630, 640) the replica information to a second apparatus 120 for improved uplink capacity.
[0142] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further include: means for receiving (402) , from the second apparatus 120, configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) ; and means for determining (405) the replica information based on a target replica pattern (201 and 202) selected from the at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) .
[0143] In some example embodiments, the replica information indicates an index of the target replica pattern by using at least one of: a medium access control control element (MAC CE) (710) ; a field (716) of at least one bit in a medium access control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) header (720) ; or an associated sequence of a pilot signal, wherein a mapping between sequences of the pilot signal and candidate replica patterns (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) are preconfigured by the second apparatus 120.
[0144] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further include: means for determining (505) the replica information based on a selected the resource for transmitting the plurality of replicas (201, 202) .
[0145] In some example embodiments, the replica information comprises an uplink (UL) grant index (721, 722, 723) of each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0146] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include offset information indicating a time domain offset (731, 733) and / or a frequency domain offset (732, 734) for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0147] In some example embodiments, the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the time domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate frequency domain offset; or wherein the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the frequency domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate the time domain offset.
[0148] In some example embodiments, the replica information may include an index of a sequence of the pilot signal indicating a resource index offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) , and wherein the resource index offset may be at least one of a time domain offset or a frequency domain offset.
[0149] In some example embodiments, the replica information may be transmitted via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or uplink control information (UCI) or a medium access control packet data unit (MAC PDU) header.
[0150] In some example embodiments, the transmission of the replica information may be performed together with a transmission of each of the plurality of replicas of the packet.
[0151] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may include a terminal device, and the second apparatus 120 may include a network device.
[0152] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further include means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 800 or the first apparatus 110. In some example embodiments, the means includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the first apparatus.
[0153] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 900 (for example, the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1) may include means for performing the respective operations of the method 900. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.
[0154] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus includes means for receiving (315, 415, 515, 626.631, 641) , from a first apparatus 110, replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information may be used for improved uplink capacity.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further include: means for transmitting (401, 605, 610) , to the first apparatus 110, configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) for determination of a target replica pattern (201 and 202) indicated by the replica information.
[0156] In some example embodiments, the replica information indicates an index of the target replica pattern by using at least one of: a medium access control control element (MAC CE) (710) ; a field (716) of at least one bit in a medium access control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) header (720) ; or an associated sequence of a pilot signal, wherein a mapping between sequences of the pilot signal and candidate replica patterns (201 and 202; 203; 204 and 205) are preconfigured by the second apparatus 120.
[0157] In some example embodiments, the replica information indicates a selected resource for transmitting the plurality of replicas.
[0158] In some example embodiments, the replica information comprises an uplink (UL) grant index (721, 722, 723) of each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0159] In some example embodiments, the replica information includes offset information indicating a time domain offset (731, 733) and / or a frequency domain offset (732, 734) for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) of the packet.
[0160] In some example embodiments, the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the time domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate frequency domain offset; or wherein the uplink grand index may be used to indicate the frequency domain resources and the offset information may be used to indicate the time domain offset.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the replica information includes an index of a sequence of the pilot signal indicating a resource index offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) , and wherein the resource index offset may be at least one of a time domain offset or a frequency domain offset.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the replica information may be received via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or uplink control information (UCI) or a medium access control packet data unit (MAC PDU) header.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the reception of the replica information may be performed together with a reception of each of the plurality of replicas of the packet.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 includes a terminal device, and the second apparatus 120 includes a network device.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further include means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 900 or the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the means includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the second apparatus.
[0166] FIG. 10 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1000 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1000 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first apparatus 110 or the second apparatus 120 as shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 1000 includes one or more processors 1010, one or more memories 1020 coupled to the processor 1010, and one or more communication modules 1040 coupled to the processor 1010.
[0167] The communication module 1040 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 1040 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 1040 may include at least one antenna.
[0168] The processor 1010 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1000 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0169] The memory 1020 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 1024, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 1022 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0170] A computer program 1030 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 1010. The instructions of the program 1030 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 1030 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 1024. The processor 1010 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 1030 into the RAM 1022.
[0171] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 1030 so that the device 1000 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 9. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0172] In some example embodiments, the program 1030 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 1000 (such as in the memory 1020) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 1000. The device 1000 may load the program 1030 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 1022 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0173] FIG. 11 shows an example of the computer readable medium 1100 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 1100 has the program 1030 stored thereon.
[0174] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0175] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0176] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0177] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0178] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0179] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this is not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these is not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0180] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to:determine replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet; andtransmit the replica information to a second apparatus for improved uplink capacity.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:receive, from the second apparatus, configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern; anddetermine the replica information based on a target replica pattern selected from the at least one candidate replica pattern.3.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the replica information indicates an index of the target replica pattern by using at least one of:a medium access control control element (MAC CE) ;a field of at least one bit in a medium access control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) header; oran associated sequence of a pilot signal, wherein a mapping between sequences of the pilot signal and candidate replica patterns are preconfigured by the second apparatus.4.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:determine the replica information based on a selected resource for transmitting the plurality of replicas.5.The first apparatus of claim 4, wherein the replica information comprises an uplink (UL) grant index of each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas of the packet.6.The first apparatus of claim 4, wherein the replica information comprises offset information indicating a time domain offset and / or a frequency domain offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas of the packet.7.The first apparatus of claim 5 or 6, wherein the uplink grand index is used to indicate the time domain resources and the offset information is used to indicate frequency domain offset; orwherein the uplink grand index is used to indicate the frequency domain resources and the offset information is used to indicate the time domain offset.8.The first apparatus of claim 4, wherein the replica information comprises an index of a sequence of the pilot signal indicating a resource index offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas, and wherein the resource index offset is at least one of a time domain offset or a frequency domain offset.9.The first apparatus of any of claims 4 to 8, wherein the replica information is transmitted via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or uplink control information (UCI) or a medium access control packet data unit (MAC PDU) header.10.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the transmission of the replica information is performed together with a transmission of each of the plurality of replicas of the packet.11.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first apparatus comprises a terminal device, and the second apparatus comprises a network device.12.A second apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to:receive, from a first apparatus, replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information is used for improved uplink capacity.13.The second apparatus of claim 12, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:transmit, to the first apparatus, configuration information indicating at least one candidate replica pattern for determination of a target replica pattern indicated by the replica information.14.The second apparatus of claim 13, wherein the replica information indicates an index of the target replica pattern by using at least one of:a medium access control control element (MAC CE) ;a field of at least one bit in a medium access control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) header; oran associated sequence of a pilot signal, wherein a mapping between sequences of the pilot signal and candidate replica patterns are preconfigured by the second apparatus.15.The second apparatus of claim 12, wherein the replica information indicates a selected resource for transmitting the plurality of replicas.16.The second apparatus of claim 15, wherein the replica information comprises an uplink (UL) grant index of each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas of the packet.17.The second apparatus of claim 15, wherein the replica information comprises offset information indicating a time domain offset and / or a frequency domain offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas of the packet.18.The second apparatus of claim 16 or 17, wherein the uplink grand index is used to indicate the time domain resources and the offset information is used to indicate frequency domain offset; orwherein the uplink grand index is used to indicate the frequency domain resources and the offset information is used to indicate the time domain offset.19.The second apparatus of claim 15, wherein the replica information comprises an index of a sequence of the pilot signal indicating a resource index offset for each transmission of the at least one of the plurality of replicas, and wherein the resource index offset is at least one of a time domain offset or a frequency domain offset.20.The second apparatus of any of claims 15 to 19, wherein the replica information is received via a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or uplink control information (UCI) or a medium access control packet data unit (MAC PDU) header.21.The second apparatus of any of claims 12 to 20, wherein the reception of the replica information is performed together with a reception of each of the plurality of replicas of the packet.22.The second apparatus of any of claims 12 to 21, wherein the first apparatus comprises a terminal device, and the second apparatus comprises a network device.23.A method comprising:determining, at a first apparatus, replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet; andtransmitting the replica information to a second apparatus for improved uplink capacity.24.A method comprising:receiving, at a second apparatus and from a first apparatus, replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information is used for improved uplink capacity.25.A first apparatus comprising:means for determining replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet; andmeans for transmitting the replica information to a second apparatus for improved uplink capacity.26.A second apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a first apparatus, replica information indicating resources for transmitting a plurality of replicas of a packet in a contention based transmission of the packet, wherein the replica information is used for improved uplink capacity.27.A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of claim 23 or the method of claim 24.
Citation Information
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