Provision of assistant information for ambient IoT device communication
By acting as an intermediate node, the UE provides assistant information to optimize resource allocation for ambient IoT devices, addressing inefficiencies in existing systems and enhancing network efficiency and energy consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/110619
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems fail to adequately manage resources for communication between user equipment (UE) and ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices, neglecting their specific needs and underutilizing the UE's potential role in facilitating this communication.
A UE acts as an intermediate node to provide assistant information to a network entity, including details on communication requirements and channel state information, enabling more efficient resource allocation through periodic or aperiodic uplink resources and MAC control elements, thereby optimizing resource utilization and network capacity for diverse IoT devices.
This approach enhances network efficiency and energy consumption by providing precise resource allocation, improving network decision-making, and reducing latency in UE-ambient IoT device communications.
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Figure CN2024110619_12022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
PROVISION OF ASSISTANT INFORMATION FOR AMBIENT IOT DEVICE COMMUNICATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This disclosure relates generally to wireless communication, and more specifically, to providing assistant information from a user equipment (UE) to a network entity to facilitate communication with ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication networks increasingly support various types of devices, including ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices. IoT devices often have different communication requirements and capabilities compared to traditional user equipment. In some network configurations, a UE may act as an intermediate node between a network entity and ambient IoT devices. However, efficiently managing resources for communication between these diverse devices presents challenges. Existing systems do not adequately account for the specific needs of ambient IoT devices or effectively utilize the UE's potential role in facilitating this communication. There is a need for improved methods of resource allocation and management in such scenarios.SUMMARY
[0003] The following summarizes some aspects of this disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the discussed technology. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated features of the disclosure and is intended neither to identify key or critical elements of all aspects of the disclosure nor to delineate the scope of any or all aspects of the disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the disclosure in summary form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0004] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein. One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a device for wireless communication. The device includes a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors. The processing system is configured to cause the device to obtain assistant information comprising information associated with at least one requirement for communication between the device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices, wherein the assistant information is associated with a device type of the one or more ambient IoT devices, transmit the assistant information to a network entity, and receive a resource allocation from the network entity for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices, the resource allocation associated with the assistant information.
[0005] In some examples, the device receives first assistant information from at least one of the one or more ambient IoT devices, generates second assistant information comprising channel state information, and combines the first and second assistant information. In some examples, the assistant information comprises separate indications for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) communication. In some examples, the device transmits the assistant information using a periodic uplink resource, an aperiodic uplink resource, or a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0006] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device for wireless communication. The ambient IoT device includes a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors. The processing system is configured to cause the ambient IoT device to generate first assistant information associated with at least one communication requirement of the ambient IoT device, transmit the first assistant information to an intermediate device, and communicate with the intermediate device using one or more resources allocated by a network entity, wherein the resource allocation is associated with the first assistant information.
[0007] In some examples, the ambient IoT device receives a query from the intermediate device during an inventory occasion and transmits a response using the allocated resources. In some examples, the ambient IoT device receives a command from the intermediate device during a command occasion and performs an operation associated with the command. In some examples, the ambient IoT device communicates with the intermediate device using a single resource allocated for the communication in a partial control mode.
[0008] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a network entity for wireless communication. The network entity includes a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors. The processing system is configured to cause the network entity to receive assistant information from an intermediate device, the assistant information associated with communication between the intermediate device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices, determine a resource allocation based on the assistant information, and transmit the resource allocation to the intermediate device for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0009] In some examples, the network entity transmits a control signal to the intermediate device indicating a partial control mode, wherein the resource allocation comprises a single resource for communication between the intermediate device and the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0010] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.
[0011] While aspects and implementations are described in this application by illustration to some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that additional implementations and use cases may come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Innovations described herein may be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements. For example, aspects and / or uses may come about via integrated chip implementations and other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (AI) -enabled devices, etc. ) . While some examples may or may not be specifically directed to use cases or applications, a wide assortment of applicability of described innovations may occur. Implementations may range in spectrum from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations and further to aggregate, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical settings, devices incorporating described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspects. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes a number of components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antenna, radio frequency (RF) -chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffer, processor (s) , interleaver, adders / summers, etc. ) . It is intended that innovations described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc. of varying sizes, shapes, and constitution. Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network.
[0013] FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and user equipment (UE) in an access network.
[0018] FIG. 4A is a diagram of an ambient IoT device in a first topology.
[0019] FIG. 4B is a diagram of an ambient IoT device in a second topology.
[0020] FIG. 5 is a diagram of allocated resources based on a control signal.
[0021] FIG. 6A is a diagram of allocated resources for a feedback signal.
[0022] FIG. 6B is another diagram of allocated resources for a feedback signal.
[0023] FIG. 7 is yet another diagram of allocated resources for a feedback signal.
[0024] FIG. 8A is a diagram of signal scheduling.
[0025] FIG. 8B is another diagram of signal scheduling.
[0026] FIG. 9 is a call flow diagram of signaling between a first wireless device, a base station, and an ambient IoT device.
[0027] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.
[0028] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example wireless device.
[0029] FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.
[0030] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example IoT device.
[0031] FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.
[0032] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In wireless communications, ambient IoT devices may be deployed in different scenarios. For example, a first deployment scenario may include a first topology where the ambient IoT device coexists with a network entity (e.g., base station) . In another example, a second deployment scenario may include a second topology where a first wireless device (e.g., UE) may operate as an intermediate node between the network entity and the ambient IoT device, and may be under network control. The location of the intermediate node may be indoors or inside a building or structure. The traffic types may include DO direct transfer trip (DTT) , DT with a focus on indoor inventory (rUC1) and indoor command (rUC4) .
[0034] Aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication between a user equipment (UE) , a network entity, and ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices. More specifically, aspects focus on the UE acting as an intermediate node to assist communication between the network entity and ambient IoT devices under partial network control. The UE obtains and provides assistant information to the network entity, enabling more efficient resource allocation and improved overall communication. This assistant information encompasses various parameters associated with the communication requirements between the UE and ambient IoT devices.
[0035] The assistant information may include required resources or data amounts for transmission, including time domain resources (such as the number of chips or OFDM symbols) or frequency domain resources (such as subchannels or frequency ranges) . The UE can indicate the total required resources or separate them for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) communications. For BL communication, the UE may indicate whether carrier wave (CW) assistance is needed, using either a single bit or separate indications for BL with and without CW.
[0036] Furthermore, the UE can provide details about the number and types of connected ambient IoT devices, distinguishing between "near" and "far" devices. Channel state information, including Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) , Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) , or Block Error Rate (BLER) , can also be included in the assistant information.
[0037] Different techniques can be used to facilitate the foregoing information exchange. The network may assign periodic resources for the UE to transmit the assistant information. One option is to use periodic Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources. This can be implemented by adding new Radio Resource Control (RRC) parameters to ConfiguredGrantConfig, introducing a new Information Element (IE) called ConfiguredGrantConfig-AIoT, or adding a header to PUSCH to indicate the content of the transmitted information.
[0038] Alternatively, periodic Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) resources could be utilized. To manage potential collisions with legacy Uplink Control Information (UCI) , different PUCCH resources can be configured to avoid overlap, or specific multiplexing methods can be defined to prioritize the assistant information.
[0039] For more dynamic scenarios, aperiodic resources could be employed. The UE may use the latest available uplink resource to transmit the assistant information, with a header or MAC sub-header indicating its presence. In cases where no uplink resource is available, the UE can transmit a scheduling request, either using a new logical ID or introducing a new scheduling request specifically for ambient IoT communication.
[0040] The implementation of this assistant information can take various forms. It may be transmitted directly in the PUSCH or conveyed through newly introduced Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Elements (CEs) . These MAC CEs could be designed as a single element encompassing all assistant information or as separate elements for different types of information.
[0041] For required resource indication, some aspects suggest either reusing legacy Buffer Status Reports (BSRs) or introducing new BSR formats specifically tailored for ambient IoT communication. The new formats could use different bit configurations to indicate whether the resources are for FL, BL, or both, and whether CW assistance is needed for BL communication.
[0042] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. Broadly, the UE's ability to provide assistant information to the network entity allows for more precise and efficient resource allocation across each node involved, i.e., the network entity, intermediate device, and IoT device. That is, by leveraging the UE as an intermediate node under partial network control, certain aspects facilitate more efficient integration of ambient IoT devices into cellular networks. The ability to indicate different resource requirements for various types of ambient IoT devices allows for a more nuanced and efficient allocation of network resources. Doing so can improve network capacity to support a diverse ecosystem of IoT devices.
[0043] By accommodating various types of assistant information-from required resources and data amounts to device counts and channel state information-the network can manage an array of IoT applications and communication scenarios. This granular control is enabled by separate indications for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) communications optimizes resource utilization. For example, in challenging radio environments or when dealing with devices that have limited transmission capabilities, the ability to indicate the need for carrier wave assistance in backward link (BL) communication is beneficial. That is, it may improve network efficiency and energy consumption for both UEs and ambient IoT devices.
[0044] Network decision-making is improved by the UE's ability to provide meaningful information about connected ambient IoT devices. For example, by distinguishing between "near" and "far" devices and indicating their numbers in assistant information, the network can make more informed choices regarding resource allocation and transmission power. By way of another example, the inclusion of detailed channel state information (such as RSRP, RSSI, SINR, or BLER) in the assistant information empowers the network to make more accurate decisions about modulation and coding schemes.
[0045] In terms of flexibility, network operators can choose different methods for transmitting assistant information, including periodic PUSCH / PUCCH resources, aperiodic resources, or MAC CEs. This allows operators to select an appropriate method based on network configuration and traffic patterns. The standardization of these features is facilitated by the option to use new RRC parameters or a new ConfiguredGrantConfig-AIoT Information Element for configuring PUSCH resources. A standardized approach simplifies integration into existing network architectures, potentially reducing implementation costs and time-to-market for new features.
[0046] System reliability is maintained as new functionality is introduced because certain implementations enable handling potential collisions between assistant information and legacy UCI in PUCCH transmissions. This balance ensures that control information is preserved while allowing for the introduction of new capabilities.
[0047] The introduction of new BSR formats specifically designed for ambient IoT communication also improves resource management. The formats enable more accurate reporting of resource requirements. Doing so can lead to efficient scheduling and reduced latency in UE-ambient IoT device communications.
[0048] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the drawings describes various configurations and does not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0049] Several aspects of telecommunication systems are presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0050] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the functions individually or in combination. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC) , baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise, shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.
[0051] Accordingly, in one or more example aspects, implementations, and / or use cases, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media can include a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
[0052] While aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described in this application by illustration to some examples, additional or different aspects, implementations and / or use cases may come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein may be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may come about via integrated chip implementations and other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (AI) -enabled devices, etc. ) . While some examples may or may not be specifically directed to use cases or applications, a wide assortment of applicability of described examples may occur. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may range a spectrum from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations and further to aggregate, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more techniques herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspect. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes a number of components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antenna, RF-chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffer, processor (s) , interleaver, adders / summers, etc. ) . Techniques described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or disaggregated components, end-user devices, etc. of varying sizes, shapes, and constitution.
[0053] Deployment of communication systems, such as 5G NR systems, may be arranged in multiple manners with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a radio access network (RAN) node, a core network node, a network element, or a network equipment, such as a base station (BS) , or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality, may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB) , evolved NB (eNB) , NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , or a cell, etc. ) may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone BS or a monolithic BS) or a disaggregated base station.
[0054] An aggregated base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A disaggregated base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , or one or more radio units (RUs) ) . In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other RAN nodes. The DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU and RU can be implemented as virtual units, i.e., a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) .
[0055] Base station operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as the network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) ) , or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) ) . Disaggregation may include distributing functionality across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as distributing functionality for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the disaggregated base station, or disaggregated RAN architecture, can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.
[0056] FIG. 1 is a diagram 100 illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network. The illustrated wireless communications system includes a disaggregated base station architecture. The disaggregated base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110 that can communicate directly with a core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 through one or more disaggregated base station units (such as a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 105, or both) . A CU 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via respective midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DUs 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via respective fronthaul links. The RUs 140 may communicate with respective UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 140.
[0057] Each of the units, i.e., the CUs 110, the DUs 130, the RUs 140, as well as the Near-RT RICs 125, the Non-RT RICs 115, and the SMO Framework 105, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or to transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of the units, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, the units can include a wired interface configured to receive or to transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units. Additionally, the units can include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) , configured to receive or to transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.
[0058] In some aspects, the CU 110 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , or the like. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit–User Plane (CU-UP) ) , control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit–Control Plane (CU-CP) ) , or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 110 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. The CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as an E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 110 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 130, as necessary, for network control and signaling.
[0059] The DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 140. In some aspects, the DU 130 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, demodulation, or the like) depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as those defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, the DU 130 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 130, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 110.
[0060] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RUs 140. In some deployments, an RU 140, controlled by a DU 130, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) , inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or the like) , or both, based at least in part on the functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, the RU (s) 140 can be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 140 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable the DU (s) 130 and the CU 110 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0061] The SMO Framework 105 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 105 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements that may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface) . For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 105 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) 190) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface) . Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 110, DUs 130, RUs 140 and Near-RT RICs 125. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 105 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 111, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 140 via an O1 interface. The SMO Framework 105 also may include a Non-RT RIC 115 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 105.
[0062] The Non-RT RIC 115 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 125. The Non-RT RIC 115 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 125. The Near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 110, one or more DUs 130, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 125.
[0063] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 125, the Non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 125 and may be received at the SMO Framework 105 or the Non-RT RIC 115 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 115 or the Near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies) .
[0064] At least one of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 may be referred to as a base station 102. Accordingly, a base station 102 may include one or more of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 (each component indicated with dotted lines to signify that each component may or may not be included in the base station 102) . The base station 102 provides an access point to the core network 120 for a UE 104. The base station 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and / or small cells (low power cellular base station) . The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. A network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs) , which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG) . The communication links between the RUs 140 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to an RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from an RU 140 to a UE 104. The communication links may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links may be through one or more carriers. The base station 102 / UEs 104 may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL) . The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
[0065] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, BluetoothTM (Bluetooth is a trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) ) , Wi-FiTM (Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance) based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.
[0066] The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi AP 150 in communication with UEs 104 (also referred to as Wi-Fi stations (STAs) ) via communication link 154, e.g., in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum or the like. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the UEs 104 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
[0067] The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency / wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz–7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz–52.6 GHz) . Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
[0068] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz–24.25 GHz) . Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and / or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz–71 GHz) , FR4 (71 GHz–114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz–300 GHz) . Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.
[0069] With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “millimeter wave” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR2-2, and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.
[0070] The base station 102 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays to facilitate beamforming. The base station 102 may transmit a beamformed signal 182 to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. The UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 102 in one or more receive directions. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal 184 to the base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 102 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions. The base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions for the base station 102 may or may not be the same. The transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.
[0071] The base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS) , an extended service set (ESS) , a TRP, network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 can be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, an aggregated (monolithic) base station with a baseband unit (BBU) (including a CU and a DU) and an RU, or as a disaggregated base station including one or more of a CU, a DU, and / or an RU. The set of base stations, which may include disaggregated base stations and / or aggregated base stations, may be referred to as next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN) .
[0072] The core network 120 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, a Session Management Function (SMF) 162, a User Plane Function (UPF) 163, a Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. The AMF 161 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 120. The AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. The SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. The UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. The UDM 164 supports the generation of authentication and key agreement (AKA) credentials, user identification handling, access authorization, and subscription management. The one or more location servers 168 are illustrated as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, generally, the one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of the GMLC 165, the LMF 166, a position determination entity (PDE) , a serving mobile location center (SMLC) , a mobile positioning center (MPC) , or the like. The GMLC 165 and the LMF 166 support UE location services. The GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) for accessing UE positioning information. The LMF 166 receives measurements and assistance information from the NG-RAN and the UE 104 via the AMF 161 to compute the position of the UE 104. The NG-RAN may utilize one or more positioning methods in order to determine the position of the UE 104. Positioning the UE 104 may involve signal measurements, a position estimate, and an optional velocity computation based on the measurements. The signal measurements may be made by the UE 104 and / or the base station 102 serving the UE 104. The signals measured may be based on one or more of a satellite positioning system (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) , global position system (GPS) , non-terrestrial network (NTN) , or other satellite position / location system) , LTE signals, wireless local area network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, a terrestrial beacon system (TBS) , sensor-based information (e.g., barometric pressure sensor, motion sensor) , NR enhanced cell ID (NR E-CID) methods, NR signals (e.g., multi-round trip time (Multi-RTT) , DL angle-of-departure (DL-AoD) , DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA) , UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA) , and UL angle-of-arrival (UL-AoA) positioning) , and / or other systems / signals / sensors.
[0073] Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player) , a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc. ) . The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also apply to one or more companion devices such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may collectively access the network and / or individually access the network.
[0074] Referring again to FIG. 1, in certain aspects, the UE 104 may include a communication component 198 that may be configured to receive an allocation of resources from a network entity for first communication between the first wireless device and the network entity and second communication between the first wireless device and an ambient IoT device, wherein the first wireless device provides communication between the network entity and the ambient IoT device; transmit the first communication to the network entity based on the allocation of resources; and transmit the second communication to the ambient IoT device based on the allocation of resources.
[0075] Referring again to FIG. 1, in certain aspects, the base station 102 may include a communication component 199 that may be configured to schedule an allocation of resources for communication between a first wireless device and an ambient IoT device, wherein the allocation of resources is for interference management between the first wireless device and the ambient IoT device; and provide an indication of allocated resources for the communication between the first wireless device and the ambient IoT device.
[0076] Although the following description may be focused on 5G NR, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.
[0077] FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure may be frequency division duplexed (FDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL, or may be time division duplexed (TDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGs. 2A, 2C, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL) , where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible for use between DL / UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 1 (with all UL) . While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 1, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI) , or semi-statically / statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI) . Note that the description infra applies also to a 5G NR frame structure that is TDD.
[0078] FIGs. 2A-2D illustrate a frame structure, and the aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other wireless communication technologies, which may have a different frame structure and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms) . Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for extended CP, each slot may include 12 symbols. The symbols on DL may be CP orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. The symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission) . The number of slots within a subframe is based on the CP and the numerology. The numerology defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1) . The symbol length / duration may scale with 1 / SCS.
[0079] Table 1: Numerology, SCS, and CP
[0080] For normal CP (14 symbols / slot) , different numerologies μ 0 to 4 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots, respectively, per subframe. For extended CP, the numerology 2 allows for 4 slots per subframe. Accordingly, for normal CP and numerology μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2μ slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2μ*15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 4. As such, the numerology μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and the numerology μ=4 has a subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGs. 2A-2D provide an example of normal CP with 14 symbols per slot and numerology μ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within a set of frames, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) (see FIG. 2B) that are frequency division multiplexed. Each BWP may have a particular numerology and CP (normal or extended) .
[0081] A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs) ) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) . The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.
[0082] As illustrated in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS) , beam refinement RS (BRRS) , and phase tracking RS (PT-RS) .
[0083] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs) , each CCE including six RE groups (REGs) , each REG including 12 consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol of an RB. A PDCCH within one BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET) . A UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., common search space, UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring occasions on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at greater and / or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth. A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and a physical layer identity. A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) . Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) , which carries a master information block (MIB) , may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (also referred to as SS block (SSB) ) . The MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN) . The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs) , and paging messages.
[0084] As illustrated in FIG. 2C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . The PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. The UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS) . The SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs. The SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.
[0085] FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI) , such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACK and / or negative ACK (NACK) ) . The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR) , a power headroom report (PHR) , and / or UCI.
[0086] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with a UE 350 in an access network. In the DL, Internet protocol (IP) packets may be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) , RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release) , inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) , and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs) , error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs) , re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs) , demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0087] The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation / demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 316 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) , quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) , M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK) , M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) ) . The coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx may modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0088] At the UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) . The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
[0089] The controller / processor 359 can be associated with at least one memory 360 that stores program codes and data. The at least one memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0090] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) ; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0091] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used by the TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna 352 via separate transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0092] The UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.
[0093] The controller / processor 375 can be associated with at least one memory 376 that stores program codes and data. The at least one memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0094] At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the communication component 198 of FIG. 1.
[0095] At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the communication component 199 of FIG. 1.
[0096] In wireless communications, ambient IoT devices may be deployed in different scenarios. For example, a first deployment scenario may include a first topology where the ambient IoT device coexists with a network entity (e.g., base station) , where the ambient IoT device may operate in a manner similar to a micro-cell or co-site, as shown for example in diagram 400 of FIG. 4A. In another example, a second deployment scenario may include a second topology where a first wireless device (e.g., UE) may operate as an intermediate node between the network entity and the ambient IoT device, and may be under network control, as shown for example in diagram 410 of FIG. 4B. The ambient IoT device may coexist with the network entity, where the ambient IoT device may operate in a manner similar to a micro-cell or co-site, while the location of the intermediate node (e.g., first wireless device, UE) may be indoors or inside a building or structure.
[0097] The traffic types may include device originated (DO) device terminate triggered (DTT) , device terminate (DT) with a focus on indoor inventory (rUC1) and indoor command (rUC4) . Some use cases for inventory may include indoor or outdoor environments. For indoor environments, some use cases may include automated warehousing, medical instrument inventory management and positioning, non-public network for logistics, manufacturing, airport terminal, shipping port, smart consumer electronics, automated supply chain distribution, fresh food supply chain, end-to-end logistics, auctions, or electronic shelf labels. For outdoor environments, some use cases may include medical instrument inventory management and positioning, non-public network for logistics, airport terminal, shipping port, or automated supply chain distribution. Some use cases for command may also include indoor or outdoor environments. For indoor environments, some use cases may include online modification of medical instrument status, device activation and deactivation, health care, device permanent deactivation, or electronic shelf label. For outdoor environments, some use cases may include online modification of medical instruments status, device activation and deactivation, health care, or controller in smart agriculture.
[0098] For instances of the second topology, the manner in which the intermediate node (e.g., first wireless device, UE) is scheduled to assist with the communication with the ambient IoT device is discussed herein.
[0099] Aspects presented herein provide a configuration for scheduling a first wireless device to assist in communication with an ambient IoT device. For example, a network may schedule the UE to assist with the communication with the ambient IoT device. The network may determine the resources for the backhaul link and the forward link for interference management across the first wireless device and the ambient IoT device.
[0100] In some aspects, the network may allocate resources in order to instruct the first wireless device to assist with the communication with the ambient IoT device. For example, the resource allocation may be fully controlled by the network such that resources are allocated per transmission. The network may indicate whether the resources are for backhaul links or forward links. The network may also indicate whether the resources are for a target ambient IoT device, groupcast, or broadcast and the corresponding resource allocation. The network may provide a control signal to the first wireless device that indicates whether the control signal is for inventory or command operation. In some aspects, the control signal may indicate the purpose of the command, such as but not limited to, activation, deactivation, terminate operability of the device, or the like. For example, a different DCI format, a different radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) , or a bit field in the control signal may be utilized to indicate that the control signal is for inventory or command operation (e.g., purpose of the command) . In some aspects, a control signal may be utilized for one transmission. In some aspects, a control signal may be utilized for a plurality of transmissions.
[0101] In some aspects, the resource allocation may be partially controlled by the network. In such instances, the network may indicate a single resource to the first wireless device. For example, in some aspects, the utilization of the resource may be determined by the first wireless device. A size of the allocated resources may be based on whether the resources are to be utilized for inventory or command operation. In instances of inventory operation, the size of the allocated resources may be based on an allowed number of inventory rounds (e.g., contention based access procedure) . One inventory round refers to a first wireless device (e.g., UE) transmit query to identify whether there are ambient IoT devices are in proximity to the first wireless device, ambient IoT device response information, and contention resolution. In instances of command operation, the size of the allocated resources may be based on whether the ambient IoT device triggered the command operation or if the downlink transmission triggered the command operation. When the ambient IoT device triggers the command operation, the size of the allocated resources may be based on a buffer status report (BSR) or a scheduling request (SR) indicated by the ambient IoT device. When the downlink transmission triggers the command operation, the size of the allocated resources may be based on the network having knowledge of the requisite resource size.
[0102] In some aspects, the network may indicate the resource for backhaul link and forward link separately. The target ambient IoT device, groupcast, or broadcast may not be indicated. The time domain resource allocation may utilize a time gap to indicate the time gap between the received control signal and the resource the first wireless device used to transmit the information to the ambient IoT device. The time domain resource may be used between the first wireless device and the ambient IoT device. In some aspects, the transmission pattern may be configured. The transmission duration of the first wireless device, the gap between the end point of the resource for the UE transmission, and a start point of the resource for the ambient IoT device transmission, and the transmission duration of the ambient IoT device may be configured. In instances of inventory operation, the network may configure an allowed number of rounds of communication from the first wireless device to the ambient IoT device and from the ambient IoT device to the first wireless device.
[0103] In some aspects, the time domain resource allocation may utilize an additional bit field to indicate a time pattern of the backhaul link and / or the forward link. In some aspects, the network may dynamically indicate time resources the first wireless device may use to communicate with the ambient IoT device. For example, the network may indicate a duration and the gap between two resource for each transmission. In another example, the network may indicate a common duration for backhaul links, a common duration for forward links, a gap between backhaul links and forward links, and a gap between forward links and backhaul links. In some aspects, a configured table may be utilized to indicate the allocation of multiple resources. For example, a bit field in the control signal may be utilized to indicate a table index.
[0104] In some aspects, for a frequency domain resource allocation, the network may indicate a carrier frequency for forward links. With regards to the backhaul links, the ambient IoT device may utilize the entire band. In some aspects, a bit field may be utilized to indicate that frequency shift is supported. In some aspects, the frequency shift may be configured by the network. In some aspects, the frequency range may be indicated by the network.
[0105] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating various options for the UE to indicate assistant information to the network. As discussed earlier, the assistant information may be transmitted using different methods, each represented by a different index value in the diagram.
[0106] In some aspects, an index value of 1 may indicate that the UE is transmitting only the total required resource or amount of data to be transmitted to the network, represented by T1, 1. An index value of 2 might represent a more detailed transmission. Here, T2, 1 could represent the required resource for forward link (FL) communication, T2, 2 for backward link (BL) communication, and T2, 3 might indicate whether carrier wave (CW) assistance is needed for BL.
[0107] Expanding further, an index value of 3 could provide even more comprehensive information. T3, 1 might represent the number of connected ambient IoT devices per type, T3, 2 could indicate the number of "near" and "far" ambient IoT devices, T3, 3 might represent channel state information, and T3, 4 could be a combination of these aspects.
[0108] As such, an index value of N could provide a full spectrum of assistant information: TN, 1 for required resources, TN, 2 for data amounts, TN, 3 for device counts and proximity, and TN, 4 for channel state information, with M representing the number of different types of information included, where M ≤ N.
[0109] In some implementations, the UE may provide assistant information to the network about its communication with the ambient IoT devices. When using periodic uplink resources, the network entity configures the UE with a dedicated resource for transmitting the assistant information. This configuration is done using either ConfiguredGrantConfig or a new ConfiguredGrantConfig-AIoT Information Element. These configurations specify the periodic resources that the UE should use exclusively for transmitting assistant information related to ambient IoT communication.
[0110] Alternatively, when using periodic PUCCH resources, the network might configure different PUCCH resources to avoid collisions with legacy UCI, or define specific multiplexing methods to prioritize the assistant information.
[0111] For aperiodic transmissions, the UE could use the latest available uplink resource to transmit the assistant information, with a header or MAC sub-header indicating its presence. If no uplink resource is available, the UE might transmit a scheduling request with a new logical ID or a new scheduling request specifically for ambient IoT communication.
[0112] The method of transmitting this information could vary. It might be sent directly in the PUSCH, or through newly introduced MAC Control Elements (CEs) . These MAC CEs could be designed as a single element for all assistant information or as separate elements for different types of information.
[0113] For indicating required resources, the UE might use legacy Buffer Status Reports (BSRs) if only indicating data amounts, or new BSR formats specifically for ambient IoT communication. These new formats could use different bit configurations to indicate whether the resources are for FL, BL, or both, and whether CW assistance is needed for BL communication.
[0114] In aspects where the resource allocation is partially controlled by the network, the UE may provide assistant information to the network. This information can be used for both inventory and command operations. For inventory operations, after sending a query message, the UE may transmit assistant information indicating the total required resource or the amount of data to be transmitted. The UE may further indicate whether the data is for inventory or command purposes. For command operations, the UE may transmit assistant information indicating separate resource requirements for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) communications. The network may allocate resources for the assistant information dynamically or periodically. For periodic allocation, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling is used to configure the periodic resources for the UE. In the case of dynamic scheduling, the timeline for transmitting assistant information is based on the reception of Downlink Control Information (DCI) that schedules the resource for the intermediate UE to transmit the assistant information. Specifically, the timeline is defined by the interval between the reception of the DCI and the start point of the allocated resource for assistant information transmission, as shown in diagram 600 of FIG. 6A. Fig. 6B illustrates an example of dynamic scheduling for assistant information transmission. In this diagram, the timeline shows the interval between the reception of Downlink Control Information (DCI) by the UE, which schedules the resource for assistant information transmission, and the start point of the allocated resource where the UE transmits the assistant information. This approach allows for flexible, on-demand allocation of resources for assistant information, enabling the network to respond to changing communication needs between the UE and ambient IoT devices.
[0115] For more detailed assistant information, the UE may provide additional data points. For inventory operations, the UE may transmit information indicating the number of connected ambient IoT devices per type, the number of "near" and "far" ambient IoT devices, or channel state information such as RSRP, RSSI, SINR, or BLER. The assistant information may also indicate whether additional resources are needed and / or the size of the additional resources. For command operations, the UE may transmit information about whether carrier wave (CW) assistance is needed for BL communication. The network may allocate resources for this assistant information dynamically or periodically. The timeline for transmitting this information could be based on the interval between the reception of a Downlink Control Information (DCI) used to schedule PUCCH resources for the assistant information and the start point of the allocated resource for the assistant information transmission. This approach allows for dynamic allocation of resources specifically for assistant information, enabling efficient use of uplink channels, as shown in diagram 700 of FIG. 7.
[0116] To facilitate the transmission of assistant information, various methods may be employed. The network may schedule the assistant information transmission by indicating the timeline to transmit the assistant information or by allocating specific resources for the transmission. For dynamic scheduling, the timeline for transmitting assistant information can be based on multiple factors. One approach is to define the timeline as the interval between the reception of Downlink Control Information (DCI) that schedules the resource for the intermediate UE to transmit the assistant information and the start point of the allocated resource for assistant information transmission. Alternatively, the timeline could be based on the interval between the reception of DCI used to schedule PUCCH resources for the assistant information and the start point of the allocated resource for the assistant information transmission. This flexibility in defining the timeline allows for efficient use of uplink channels and enables the network to dynamically allocate resources specifically for assistant information, as shown in diagram 700 of FIG. 7. For periodic transmission of assistant information, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling may be used to configure recurring resources for the UE.
[0117] The UE may transmit the assistant information using legacy Uu-link mechanisms, such as OFDM or DFT-S-OFDM. This allows compatibility with legacy NR UEs acting as intermediate devices for ambient IoT communication. By utilizing these established transmission methods, the system can leverage existing infrastructure while supporting the new assistant information functionality.
[0118] For indicating the presence of assistant information within MAC Control Elements (CEs) , a new Logical Channel Group (LCG) ID can be used, as shown in diagram 800 of FIG. 8A. This approach avoids confusion with legacy uses of all-zero fields and provides a clear identifier for assistant information. For example, instead of setting BSR fields to all zeros, which has been used in legacy systems for other purposes, a specific LCG ID could be reserved to indicate that the MAC CE contains assistant information for ambient IoT device communication.
[0119] In some implementations, a single MAC CE format may be used for both regular uplink transmissions and assistant information transmissions for ambient IoT devices. As illustrated in diagram 810 of FIG. 8B, one of the bits in the MAC CE (for instance, a padding bit) may be used to indicate whether the transmission contains assistant information or not. For example, a bit value of ‘1’ might indicate that the MAC CE contains assistant information for ambient IoT device communication, while a bit value of ‘0’ could indicate that the MAC CE contains regular uplink data.
[0120] The UE may transmit the assistant information using various methods, including but not limited to, a single continuous wave based on-off keying (OOK) or a fixed number of subcarriers based OOK. These methods provide additional options for efficient transmission of assistant information, particularly in scenarios where simplified or low-power transmission is beneficial.
[0121] FIG. 9 is a call flow diagram 900 of signaling between a first wireless device 902, a base station 904, and an ambient IoT device 906. The base station 904 may be configured to provide at least one cell. The first wireless device 902 may be configured to communicate with the base station 904 or the ambient IoT device 906. For example, in the context of FIG. 1, the base station 904 may correspond to base station 102 and the first wireless device 902 may correspond to at least UE 104. In another example, in the context of FIG. 3, the base station 904 may correspond to base station 310 and the first wireless device 902 may correspond to UE 350.
[0122] At 908, the base station 904 may provide a DCI including instructions for a first wireless device to communicate with an ambient IoT device. The base station may provide the DCI to the first wireless device 902. The first wireless device 902 may receive the DCI from the base station 904.
[0123] At 910, the first wireless device 902 may receive first assistant information from at least one of the one or more ambient IoT devices 906. The first wireless device 902 may then generate second assistant information comprising channel state information associated with communication between the first wireless device and the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0124] The first wireless device 902 may combine the first assistant information and the second assistant information to form the assistant information. This combined assistant information may be associated with at least one requirement for communication between the first wireless device and one or more ambient IoT devices 906. The assistant information may include required resources or the amount of data to be transmitted between the first wireless device and the ambient IoT device. The required resources may refer to time domain resources, frequency domain resources, or both. The amount of data may refer to the number of chips or the number of bits / bytes.
[0125] At 912, the first wireless device 902 may transmit the first, second, or combined assistant information to the base station 904. The first wireless device may indicate the total required resource or the amount of data to be transmitted to the network. The first wireless device may also indicate the required resource or the amount of data to be transmitted for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) separately to the network. For BL communication, the first wireless device may indicate whether carrier wave (CW) assistance is needed, using either a single bit or a separate indication for BL with CW and for BL without CW.
[0126] The first wireless device 902 may transmit the assistant information using one of several methods. The base station 904 may assign periodic resources for the first wireless device to indicate the information. The first wireless device may use periodic Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources. This may involve adding new Radio Resource Control (RRC) parameters to ConfiguredGrantConfig, adding a new Information Element (IE) called ConfiguredGrantConfig-AIoT, or adding a header to PUSCH to indicate the content of the transmitted information.
[0127] Alternatively, the first wireless device 902 may use periodic Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) resources. To manage potential collisions with legacy Uplink Control Information (UCI) , different PUCCH resources may be configured to avoid overlap, or specific multiplexing methods may be defined to prioritize the assistant information.
[0128] At 914, the base station 904 may provide a control signal indicating partial control mode. The base station may provide the control signal to the first wireless device 902. The first wireless device may receive the control signal from the base station.
[0129] At 916, the base station 904 may provide an allocation of resources to the first wireless device 902. In the partial control mode, this allocation may comprise a single resource for communication with the ambient IoT device 906. The allocation may be based on the assistant information provided by the first wireless device.
[0130] At 918, the first wireless device 902 may select to utilize the single resource for at least one of an inventory occasion or a command occasion. The inventory occasion may include a request for information related to the ambient IoT device, while the command occasion may include operational instructions for the ambient IoT device.
[0131] At 920, the first wireless device 902 may transmit a feedback signal to the base station 904. The feedback signal may indicate the number of connected ambient IoT devices per type. The feedback signal may also indicate the number of "near" and / or "far" ambient IoT devices. Additionally, the feedback signal may include channel state information (such as RSRP, RSSI, SINR, or BLER) between the first wireless device and the ambient IoT devices. The feedback signal may include any combination of the aforementioned information.
[0132] At 922, the base station 904 may provide an updated indication of allocated resources based on the feedback signal.
[0133] At 924, the first wireless device may transmit the first communication to the base station. The first wireless device may transmit the first communication to the base station based on the allocation of resources.
[0134] At 926, the first wireless device may transmit the second communication to the ambient IoT device 906. The first wireless device may transmit the second communication to the ambient IoT device based on the allocation of resources.
[0135] FIG. 10 shows a flowchart illustrating an example process 1000 performable by or at a first wireless device that supports assistant information transmission for ambient IoT device communication. The operations of the process 1000 may be implemented by a wireless device or its components as described herein. For example, the process 1000 may be performed by a wireless communication device, such as the wireless communication device 1204 described with reference to Figure 12, operating as a UE. In some examples, the process 1000 may be performed by a UE such as one of the UEs 104 described with reference to Figure 1.
[0136] At step 1002, the first wireless device obtains assistant information associated with communication between the device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This assistant information may comprise various types of data, such as required resources for communication, data amounts to be transmitted, or channel state information. In some implementations, the assistant information may include separate indications for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) communications, with the BL information potentially indicating whether carrier wave (CW) assistance is needed.
[0137] At step 1004, the first wireless device transmits the assistant information to a network entity. This transmission may occur through various methods. In some scenarios, the device may use periodic uplink resources, such as Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) resources. Alternatively, the device might use aperiodic uplink resources, potentially employing a scheduling request with a new logical ID specifically for ambient IoT communication. If no uplink resource is available, the UE might transmit a scheduling request with a new logical ID or a new dedicated scheduling request specifically for requesting resources for ambient IoT assistant information transmission.
[0138] At step 1006, the first wireless device receives a resource allocation from the network entity for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices. This resource allocation is associated with the transmitted assistant information. In certain implementations, this step may involve receiving a control signal indicating whether the device should operate in a full control mode or a partial control mode. The resource allocation might be for an inventory occasion, where the device requests information from the ambient IoT devices, or a command occasion, where the device sends operational instructions to the ambient IoT devices.
[0139] In some scenarios, prior to receiving the resource allocation, the first wireless device may receive downlink control information (DCI) comprising instructions for communicating with the ambient IoT devices. This DCI may include specific indicators or formats to distinguish it from regular UE-to-network communication instructions.
[0140] Following the resource allocation, the device may select to utilize a single resource for either an inventory occasion or a command occasion, particularly when operating in a partial control mode. This single resource may include a time gap indication, specifying the interval between receiving the control signal and the actual communication with the ambient IoT device.
[0141] After communication with the ambient IoT devices, the first wireless device may transmit various types of feedback to the network entity. For inventory occasions, this feedback could indicate the number of ambient IoT devices that responded, their identifiers, or whether additional resources are required. For command occasions, the feedback might indicate whether the ambient IoT devices successfully performed the commanded actions.
[0142] Finally, the first wireless device transmits the first communication to the network entity and the second communication to the ambient IoT device, both based on the received resource allocation. This dual communication role underscores the device's function as an intermediate node between the network entity and the ambient IoT devices.
[0143] Throughout this process, the first wireless device facilitates more efficient integration of ambient IoT devices into the cellular network while operating under partial network control, leveraging the assistant information to optimize resource allocation and communication strategies.
[0144] FIG. 11 is a diagram 1100 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1104 that supports assistant information transmission for ambient IoT device communication. The apparatus 1104 may be a first wireless device, a component of a first wireless device, or may implement first wireless device functionality. In some aspects, the apparatus 1104 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or may implement UE functionality.
[0145] The apparatus 1104 includes at least one cellular baseband processor 1124 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1122 (e.g., cellular RF transceiver) . The cellular baseband processor (s) 1124 may include at least one on-chip memory 1124' . The apparatus 1104 may further include one or more subscriber identity modules (SIM) cards 1120 and at least one application processor 1106 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1108 and a screen 1110. The application processor (s) 1106 may include on-chip memory 1106' .
[0146] Additional components of the apparatus 1104 may include a Bluetooth module 1111, a WLAN module 1114, an SPS module 1116 (e.g., GNSS module) , one or more sensor modules 1118, additional memory modules 1126, a power supply 1130, and / or a camera 1132. The Bluetooth module 1111, the WLAN module 1114, and the SPS module 1116 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or utilize the antennas 1180 for communication.
[0147] The cellular baseband processor (s) 1124 communicates through the transceiver (s) 1122 via one or more antennas 1180 with the UE 104 and / or with an RU associated with a network entity 1102. The cellular baseband processor (s) 1124 and the application processor (s) 1106 may each include a computer-readable medium / memory 1124' , 1106' , respectively. These processors are responsible for executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory to perform various functions related to assistant information transmission for ambient IoT device communication.
[0148] As discussed earlier, the component 198 may be configured to obtain assistant information associated with communication between the first wireless device and one or more ambient IoT devices, transmit the assistant information to a network entity, and receive a resource allocation from the network entity for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices. The component 198 may be within the cellular baseband processor (s) 1124, the application processor (s) 1106, or both.
[0149] The apparatus 1104 includes means for obtaining assistant information, means for transmitting the assistant information to the network entity, and means for receiving the resource allocation. It further includes means for selecting to utilize a single resource for an inventory occasion or a command occasion, means for transmitting feedback signals, and means for receiving downlink control information (DCI) with instructions for communicating with the ambient IoT device.
[0150] These means may be implemented by the component 198 of the apparatus 1104, or by the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359, configured to perform the functions recited by the means. This hardware implementation enables the apparatus 1104 to efficiently manage assistant information transmission for ambient IoT device communication, facilitating the integration of these devices into cellular networks under partial network control.
[0151] FIG. 12 is a flowchart 1200 of a method of wireless communication at an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device. The method may be performed by an ambient IoT device (e.g., the ambient IoT device 906) . One or more of the illustrated operations may be omitted, transposed, or contemporaneous. The method may configure the ambient IoT device to communicate with a first wireless device acting as an intermediate node under partial network control.
[0152] At 1202, the ambient IoT device may generate first assistant information associated with at least one communication requirement of the ambient IoT device. For example, 1202 may be performed by a communication component of the ambient IoT device. This first assistant information may include details such as required resources for communication, an amount of data to be transmitted, or a device type of the ambient IoT device.
[0153] At 1204, the ambient IoT device may transmit the first assistant information to an intermediate device. For example, 1204 may be performed by a transmission component of the ambient IoT device. This intermediate device acts as a relay between the ambient IoT device and a network entity.
[0154] At 1206, the ambient IoT device may communicate with the intermediate device using one or more resources allocated by a network entity. For example, 1206 may be performed by a communication component of the ambient IoT device. This resource allocation is associated with the first assistant information transmitted earlier.
[0155] In certain implementations, the ambient IoT device may receive a query from the intermediate device during an inventory occasion and transmit a response to the query using the allocated resources. Alternatively, the device may receive a command from the intermediate device during a command occasion and perform an operation associated with the command. The ambient IoT device may also transmit feedback to the intermediate device indicating whether a command was performed correctly.
[0156] In some scenarios, the ambient IoT device may communicate with the intermediate device using a single resource allocated for the communication in a partial control mode. This reflects the network's partial control over the communication between the ambient IoT device and the intermediate device.
[0157] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example 1300 associated with an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device according to certain aspects. Ambient IoT devices have applications in inventory and asset management (both inside and outside warehouses) , sustainable sensor networks in factories and / or agriculture, smart homes, or the like. These devices are designed to communicate with intermediate devices, which relay information to and from network entities.
[0158] An ambient IoT device may operate with minimal power requirements, allowing for low operating expense, low maintenance cost, and a long life-cycle. These devices may be passive, semi-passive, or active, depending on their power source and communication capabilities.
[0159] A passive ambient IoT device may harvest energy over the air, for example, from signals received from an intermediate device. The harvested energy powers the device's communication circuitry. Semi-passive devices may have a small battery or capacitor to store energy but may still rely on the intermediate device for initiating communication. Active devices may have a more substantial power source, allowing them to initiate communication autonomously.
[0160] The ambient IoT device is configured to perform a method of wireless communication and performs, e.g., several functions. It generates first assistant information associated with at least one communication requirement of the ambient IoT device. This information may include details about required resources for communication, the amount of data to be transmitted, or the device type. It also transmits the first assistant information to an intermediate device. This transmission may occur during an inventory occasion, where the device responds to a query from the intermediate device. It also communicates with the intermediate device using one or more resources allocated by a network entity. The resource allocation is associated with the first assistant information previously transmitted.
[0161] In some implementations, the ambient IoT device may receive a command from the intermediate device during a command occasion and perform an operation associated with the command. The device may also be configured to communicate using a single resource allocated for communication in a partial control mode, where the network entity exerts limited control over the communication process.
[0162] This configuration allows the ambient IoT device to efficiently participate in the IoT ecosystem, providing necessary information for optimal resource allocation while operating under power and communication constraints.
[0163] FIG. 14 is a flowchart 1400 of a method of wireless communication at a network entity. The method may be performed by a base station (e.g., the base station 102; the network entity 1202, 1502) . One or more of the illustrated operations may be omitted, transposed, or contemporaneous. The method may configure the network entity to manage communication between a first wireless device and an ambient IoT device under partial network control.
[0164] At 1402, the network entity may receive assistant information from an intermediate device. For example, 1402 may be performed by communication component 199 of network entity 1502. The assistant information is associated with communication between the intermediate device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
[0165] At 1404, the network entity may determine a resource allocation based on the assistant information. For example, 1404 may be performed by communication component 199 of network entity 1502. This resource allocation is for communication between the intermediate device and the one or more ambient IoT devices, considering the partial control scenario.
[0166] At 1406, the network entity may transmit the resource allocation to the intermediate device for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices. For example, 1406 may be performed by communication component 199 of network entity 1502.
[0167] At 1408, the network entity may transmit a control signal to the intermediate device indicating a partial control mode. For example, 1408 may be performed by communication component 199 of network entity 1502. In this partial control mode, the resource allocation may comprise a single resource for communication between the intermediate device and the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0168] At 1410, the network entity may receive feedback information from the intermediate device. For example, 1410 may be performed by communication component 199 of network entity 1502. This feedback may include various types of information depending on whether it's for an inventory occasion or a command occasion. For inventory occasions, it may indicate the number of ambient IoT devices responding, their identifiers, or whether additional resources are required. For command occasions, it may indicate whether the ambient IoT devices successfully performed commanded actions.
[0169] FIG. 15 is a diagram 1500 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a network entity 1502. The network entity 1502 may be a BS, a component of a BS, or may implement BS functionality. The network entity 1502 may include at least one of a CU 1510, a DU 1530, or an RU 1540. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by the component 199, the network entity 1502 may include the CU 1510; both the CU 1510 and the DU 1530; each of the CU 1510, the DU 1530, and the RU 1540; the DU 1530; both the DU 1530 and the RU 1540; or the RU 1540.
[0170] The CU 1510 may include at least one CU processor 1512. The CU processor (s) 1512 may include on-chip memory 1512' . In some aspects, the CU 1510 may further include additional memory modules 1514 and a communications interface 1518. The CU 1510 communicates with the DU 1530 through a midhaul link, such as an F1 interface.
[0171] The DU 1530 may include at least one DU processor 1532. The DU processor (s) 1532 may include on-chip memory 1532' . In some aspects, the DU 1530 may further include additional memory modules 1534 and a communications interface 1538. The DU 1530 communicates with the RU 1540 through a fronthaul link.
[0172] The RU 1540 may include at least one RU processor 1542. The RU processor (s) 1542 may include on-chip memory 1542' . In some aspects, the RU 1540 may further include additional memory modules 1544, one or more transceivers 1546, antennas 1580, and a communications interface 1548. The RU 1540 communicates with the UE 104.
[0173] The on-chip memory 1512' , 1532' , 1542' and the additional memory modules 1514, 1534, 1544 may each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory may be non-transitory. Each of the processors 1512, 1532, 1542 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory.
[0174] As discussed supra, the component 199 may be configured to receive assistant information from an intermediate device, determine a resource allocation based on the assistant information, transmit the resource allocation to the intermediate device, transmit a control signal indicating a partial control mode, and receive feedback information from the intermediate device. The component 199 may be within one or more processors of one or more of the CU 1510, DU 1530, and the RU 1540.
[0175] The component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. The network entity 1502 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the network entity 1502 may include means for receiving assistant information, means for determining resource allocation, means for transmitting the resource allocation, means for transmitting a control signal, and means for receiving feedback information. The means may be the component 199 of the network entity 1502 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.
[0176] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts disclosed is an illustration of example approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts may be rearranged. Further, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order, and are not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[0177] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims. Reference to an element in the singular does not mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” Terms such as “if, ” “when, ” and “while” do not imply an immediate temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, e.g., “when, ” do not imply an immediate action in response to or during the occurrence of an action, but simply imply that if a condition is met then an action will occur, but without requiring a specific or immediate time constraint for the action to occur. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. Sets should be interpreted as a set of elements where the elements number one or more. Accordingly, for a set of X, X would include one or more elements. When at least one processor is configured to perform a set of functions, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to perform the set of functions. Accordingly, each processor of the at least one processor may be configured to perform a particular subset of the set of functions, where the subset is the full set, a proper subset of the set, or an empty subset of the set. If a first apparatus receives data from or transmits data to a second apparatus, the data may be received / transmitted directly between the first and second apparatuses, or indirectly between the first and second apparatuses through a set of apparatuses. A device configured to “output” data, such as a transmission, signal, or message, may transmit the data, for example with a transceiver, or may send the data to a device that transmits the data. A device configured to “obtain” data, such as a transmission, signal, or message, may receive, for example with a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. Information stored in a memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “device, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
[0178] As used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, or the like. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” may be information, a condition, a factor, or the like) shall be construed as “based at least on A” unless specifically recited differently.
[0179] The following aspects are illustrative only and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein, without limitation.
[0180] Aspect 1 is a method of wireless communication at a first wireless device comprising obtaining assistant information comprising information associated with at least one requirement for communication between the device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices, wherein the assistant information is associated with a device type of the one or more ambient IoT devices; transmitting the assistant information to a network entity; and receiving a resource allocation from the network entity for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices, the resource allocation associated with the assistant information.
[0181] Aspect 2 is the method of aspect 1, further comprising receiving first assistant information from at least one of the one or more ambient IoT devices; generating second assistant information comprising channel state information associated with communication between the device and the one or more ambient IoT devices; and combining the first assistant information and the second assistant information to form the assistant information.
[0182] Aspect 3 is the method of aspect 1, wherein the assistant information comprises at least one of: one or more required resources for communication, an amount of data to be transmitted, a number of connected ambient IoT devices, or channel state information.
[0183] Aspect 4 is the method of aspect 3, wherein the one or more required resources comprise at least one of: a time domain resource; a frequency domain resource; or both time domain and frequency domain resources.
[0184] Aspect 5 is the method of aspect 1, wherein the assistant information comprises separate indications for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) communication.
[0185] Aspect 6 is the method of aspect 5, wherein for BL communication, the assistant information further indicates whether carrier wave (CW) assistance is needed.
[0186] Aspect 7 is the method of aspect 1, further comprising transmitting the assistant information using a periodic uplink resource.
[0187] Aspect 8 is the method of aspect 1, further comprising transmitting the assistant information using an aperiodic uplink resource.
[0188] Aspect 9 is the method of aspect 1, further comprising transmitting the assistant information using a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0189] Aspect 10 is the method of aspect 1, wherein the assistant information further indicates whether the communication is for an inventory occasion or a command occasion, wherein the inventory occasion comprises a request for information related to the one or more ambient IoT devices, and wherein the command occasion comprises operational instructions for the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0190] Aspect 11 is the method of aspect 1, further comprising receiving a control signal from the network entity indicating a partial control mode, wherein the resource allocation comprises a single resource for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0191] Aspect 12 is the method of aspect 11, wherein the single resource comprises a time gap indication that indicates a time gap between receipt of the control signal and the single resource for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0192] Aspect 13 is the method of aspect 1, further comprising transmitting feedback to the network entity indicating at least one of: an amount of ambient IoT devices and corresponding identifiers, whether additional resources are required, or a size of additional resources required.
[0193] Aspect 14 is a method of wireless communication at an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device, comprising: generating first assistant information associated with at least one communication requirement of the ambient IoT device; transmitting the first assistant information to an intermediate device; and communicating with the intermediate device using one or more resources allocated by a network entity, wherein the resource allocation is associated with the first assistant information.
[0194] Aspect 15 is the method of aspect 14, wherein the first assistant information comprises at least one of: required resources for communication, an amount of data to be transmitted, or a device type of the ambient IoT device.
[0195] Aspect 16 is the method of aspect 14, further comprising: receiving a query from the intermediate device during an inventory occasion; and transmitting a response to the query using the allocated resources.
[0196] Aspect 17 is the method of aspect 14, further comprising: receiving a command from the intermediate device during a command occasion; and performing an operation associated with the command.
[0197] Aspect 18 is the method of aspect 14, further comprising: communicating with the intermediate device using a single resource allocated for the communication in a partial control mode.
[0198] Aspect 19 is a method of wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: receiving assistant information from an intermediate device, the assistant information associated with communication between the intermediate device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices; determining a resource allocation based on the assistant information; and transmitting the resource allocation to the intermediate device for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0199] Aspect 20 is the method of aspect 19, further comprising: transmitting a control signal to the intermediate device indicating a partial control mode, wherein the resource allocation comprises a single resource for communication between the intermediate device and the one or more ambient IoT devices.
[0200] Aspect 21 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a first wireless device, comprising: at least one processor; a memory coupled to the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 1-13.
[0201] Aspect 22 is an apparatus for wireless communication at an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device, comprising: at least one processor; a memory coupled to the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 14-18.
[0202] Aspect 23 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: at least one processor; a memory coupled to the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 19-20.
[0203] Aspect 24 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of aspects 1-20.
[0204] Those of skill in the art would understand that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0205] Components, the functional blocks, and the modules described herein with respect to FIGs. 1-15 include processors, electronics devices, hardware devices, electronics components, logical circuits, memories, software codes, firmware codes, among other examples, or any combination thereof. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, application, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or otherwise. In addition, features discussed herein may be implemented via specialized processor circuitry, via executable instructions, or combinations thereof.
[0206] Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of this disclosure. Skilled artisans will also readily recognize that the order or combination of components, methods, or interactions that are described herein are merely examples and that the components, methods, or interactions of the various aspects of this disclosure may be combined or performed in ways other than those illustrated and described herein.
[0207] The various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, circuits and algorithm processes described in connection with the implementations disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been described generally, in terms of functionality, and illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits and processes described above. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0208] The hardware and data processing apparatus used to implement the various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose single-or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or, any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. In some implementations, a processor may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some implementations, particular processes and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function.
[0209] In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents thereof, or in any combination thereof. Implementations of the subject matter described in this specification also may be implemented as one or more computer programs, that is one or more modules of computer program instructions, encoded on a computer storage media for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus.
[0210] If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. The processes of a method or algorithm disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor-executable software module which may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that may be enabled to transfer a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that may be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include random-access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that may be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection may be properly termed a computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD) , laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method or algorithm may reside as one or any combination or set of codes and instructions on a machine readable medium and computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.
[0211] Various modifications to the implementations described in this disclosure may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to some other implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the implementations shown herein, but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, the principles and the novel features disclosed herein.
[0212] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate, the terms “upper” and “lower” are sometimes used for ease of describing the figures, and indicate relative positions corresponding to the orientation of the figure on a properly oriented page, and may not reflect the proper orientation of any device as implemented.
[0213] Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate implementations also may be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation also may be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
[0214] Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. Further, the drawings may schematically depict one more example processes in the form of a flow diagram. However, other operations that are not depicted may be incorporated in the example processes that are schematically illustrated. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, simultaneously, or between any of the illustrated operations. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the implementations described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems may generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, some other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims may be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results.
[0215] As used herein, including in the claims, the term “or, ” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items may be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items may be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, or C, the composition may contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination. Also, as used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items prefaced by “at least one of” indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (that is A and B and C) or any of these in any combination thereof. The term “substantially” is defined as largely but not necessarily wholly what is specified (and includes what is specified; for example, substantially 90 degrees includes 90 degrees and substantially parallel includes parallel) , as understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. In any disclosed implementations, the term “substantially” may be substituted with “within [apercentage] of” what is specified, where the percentage includes . 1, 1, 5, or 10 percent.
[0216] The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A device for wireless communication, comprising:a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to:obtain assistant information comprising information associated with at least one requirement for communication between the device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices, wherein the assistant information is associated with a device type of the one or more ambient IoT devices;transmit the assistant information to a network entity; andreceive a resource allocation from the network entity for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices, the resource allocation associated with the assistant information.2.The device of claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the device to:receive first assistant information from at least one of the one or more ambient IoT devices;generate second assistant information comprising channel state information associated with communication between the device and the one or more ambient IoT devices;combine the first assistant information and the second assistant information to form the assistant information; andtransmit the assistant information to the network entity.3.The device of claim 1, wherein the assistant information comprises at least one of: one or more required resources for communication, an amount of data to be transmitted, a number of connected ambient IoT devices, or channel state information.4.The device of claim 3, wherein the one or more required resources comprise at least one of:a time domain resource;a frequency domain resource; orboth time domain and frequency domain resources.5.The device of claim 1, wherein the assistant information comprises separate indications for forward link (FL) and backward link (BL) communication.6.The device of claim 5, wherein for BL communication, the assistant information further indicates whether carrier wave (CW) assistance is needed.7.The device of claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the device to:transmit the assistant information using a periodic uplink resource.8.The device of claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the device to:transmit the assistant information using an aperiodic uplink resource.9.The device of claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the device to:transmit the assistant information using a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .10.The device of claim 1, wherein the assistant information further indicates whether the communication is for an inventory occasion or a command occasion, wherein the inventory occasion comprises a request for information related to the one or more ambient IoT devices, and wherein the command occasion comprises operational instructions for the one or more ambient IoT devices.11.The device of claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the device to:receive a control signal from the network entity indicating a partial control mode, wherein the resource allocation comprises a single resource for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices.12.The device of claim 1, wherein the assistant information further comprises an indication of a number of near ambient IoT devices and a number of far ambient IoT devices.13.An ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device for wireless communication, comprising:a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the ambient IoT device to:generate first assistant information associated with at least one communication requirement of the ambient IoT device;transmit the first assistant information to an intermediate device; andcommunicate with the intermediate device using one or more resources allocated by a network entity, wherein the resource allocation is associated with the first assistant information.14.The ambient IoT device of claim 13, wherein the first assistant information comprises at least one of: required resources for communication, an amount of data to be transmitted, or a device type of the ambient IoT device.15.The ambient IoT device of claim 13, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the ambient IoT device to:receive a query from the intermediate device during an inventory occasion; andtransmit a response to the query using the allocated resources.16.The ambient IoT device of claim 13, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the ambient IoT device to:receive a command from the intermediate device during a command occasion; andperform an operation associated with the command.17.The ambient IoT device of claim 13, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the ambient IoT device to:communicate with the intermediate device using a single resource allocated for the communication in a partial control mode.18.The ambient IoT device of claim 13, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the ambient IoT device to:transmit feedback to the intermediate device indicating whether a command was performed correctly.19.A network entity for wireless communication, comprising:a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the network entity to:receive assistant information from an intermediate device, the assistant information associated with communication between the intermediate device and one or more ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices;determine a resource allocation based on the assistant information; andtransmit the resource allocation to the intermediate device for communication with the one or more ambient IoT devices.20.The network entity of claim 19, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the network entity to:transmit a control signal to the intermediate device indicating a partial control mode, wherein the resource allocation comprises a single resource for communication between the intermediate device and the one or more ambient IoT devices.
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