Logical channel priority adjustment
Dynamic logical channel priority adjustment in communication networks addresses inefficiencies by prioritizing delay-critical data, reducing retransmissions and latency through PDCP entity-driven priority changes based on discard timer conditions and data volume thresholds.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/110778
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication networks face challenges in efficiently managing logical channel priorities, leading to excessive competition and inefficient resource allocation, particularly in scenarios involving PDCP duplication and split bearers, which can result in unnecessary retransmissions and increased latency.
The implementation of dynamic logical channel priority adjustment mechanisms, where the PDCP entity determines conditions for priority changes based on discard timer expiration and data volume thresholds, allowing for timely adjustment of logical channel priorities through MAC entities to prioritize delay-critical data.
This approach reduces unnecessary retransmissions, optimizes resource usage, and minimizes latency by ensuring that delay-critical data is prioritized, thereby enhancing network efficiency and user experience.
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Figure CN2024110778_12022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
LOGICAL CHANNEL PRIORITY ADJUSTMENTTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This application relates generally to communication networks and, in particular, to logical channel and logical channel priority adjustment.BACKGROUND
[0002] Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specifications (TSs) define standards for wireless networks. These TSs describe aspects related to user plane and control plane signaling over the networks.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] FIG. 1 illustrates a network environment in accordance with some embodiments.
[0004] FIG. 2 illustrates aspects of the user equipment in further detail in accordance with some embodiments.
[0005] FIG. 3 illustrates a logical channel priority adjustment in accordance with some embodiments.
[0006] FIG. 4 illustrates two protocol architectures for packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) associated with multiple radio link control (RLC) entities in accordance with some embodiments.
[0007] FIG. 5 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0008] FIG. 6 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0009] FIG. 7 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0010] FIG. 8 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0011] FIG. 9 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0012] FIG. 10 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0013] FIG. 11 illustrates another operation flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0014] FIG. 12 illustrates a user equipment in accordance with some embodiments.
[0015] FIG. 13 illustrates a network node in accordance with some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers may be used in different drawings to identify the same or similar elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular structures, architectures, interfaces, and techniques to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects of various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure that the various aspects of the various embodiments may be practiced in other examples that depart from these specific details. In certain instances, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the various embodiments with unnecessary detail. For the purposes of the present document, the phrases “A / B” and “A or B” mean (A) , (B) , or (A and B) ; and the phrase “based on A” means “based at least in part on A, ” for example, it could be “based solely on A” or it could be “based in part on A. ”
[0017] The following is a glossary of terms that may be used in this disclosure.
[0018] The term “circuitry, ” as used herein, refers to, is part of, or includes hardware components that are configured to provide the described functionality. The hardware components may include an electronic circuit, a logic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) or memory (shared, dedicated, or group) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable device (FPD) (e.g., a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) , a programmable logic device (PLD) , a complex PLD (CPLD) , a high-capacity PLD (HCPLD) , a structured ASIC, or a programmable system-on-a-chip (SoC) ) , or a digital signal processor (DSP) . In some embodiments, the circuitry may execute one or more software or firmware programs to provide at least some of the described functionality. The term “circuitry” may also refer to a combination of one or more hardware elements (or a combination of circuits used in an electrical or electronic system) with the program code used to carry out the functionality of that program code. In these embodiments, the combination of hardware elements and program code may be referred to as a particular type of circuitry.
[0019] The term “processor circuitry, ” as used herein, refers to, is part of, or includes circuitry capable of sequentially and automatically carrying out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations, recording, storing, or transferring digital data. The term “processor circuitry” may refer to an application processor, baseband processor, central processing unit (CPU) , graphics processing unit, single-core processor, dual-core processor, triple-core processor, quad-core processor, or any other device capable of executing or otherwise operating computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes.
[0020] The term “interface circuitry, ” as used herein, refers to, is part of, or includes circuitry that enables the exchange of information between two or more components or devices. The term “interface circuitry” may refer to one or more hardware interfaces, for example, buses, I / O interfaces, peripheral component interfaces, and network interface cards.
[0021] The term “user equipment” or “UE” as used herein refers to a device with radio communication capabilities that may allow a user to access network resources in a communications network. The term “user equipment” or “UE” may be considered synonymous to, and may be referred to as, client, mobile, mobile device, mobile terminal, user terminal, mobile unit, mobile station, mobile user, subscriber, user, remote station, access agent, user agent, receiver, radio equipment, reconfigurable radio equipment, or reconfigurable mobile device. Furthermore, the term “user equipment” or “UE” may include any type of wireless / wired device or any computing device, including a wireless communications interface.
[0022] The term “computer system, ” as used herein, refers to any type of interconnected electronic devices, computer devices, or components thereof. Additionally, the term “computer system” or “system” may refer to various components of a computer that are communicatively coupled with one another. Furthermore, the term “computer system” or “system” may refer to multiple computer devices or multiple computing systems that are communicatively coupled with one another and configured to share computing or networking resources.
[0023] The term “resource” as used herein refers to a physical or virtual device, a physical or virtual component within a computing environment, or a physical or virtual component within a particular device, such as computer devices, mechanical devices, memory space, processor / CPU time, processor / CPU usage, processor and accelerator loads, hardware time or usage, electrical power, input / output operations, ports or network sockets, channel / link allocation, throughput, memory usage, storage, network, database and applications, or workload units. A “hardware resource” may refer to compute, storage, or network resources provided by physical hardware elements. A “virtualized resource” may refer to compute, storage, or network resources provided by virtualization infrastructure to an application, device, or system. The term “network resource” or “communication resource” may refer to resources that are accessible by computer devices / systems via a communications network. The term “system resources” may refer to any kind of shared entities to provide services and may include computing or network resources. System resources may be considered as a set of coherent functions, network data objects, or services accessible through a server where such system resources reside on a single host or multiple hosts and are clearly identifiable.
[0024] The term “channel, ” as used herein, refers to any transmission medium, either tangible or intangible, that is used to communicate data or a data stream. The term “channel” may be synonymous with or equivalent to “communications channel, ” “data communications channel, ” “transmission channel, ” “data transmission channel, ” “access channel, ” “data access channel, ” “link, ” “data link, ” “carrier, ” “radio-frequency carrier, ” or any other like term denoting a pathway or medium through which data is communicated. Additionally, the term “link, ” as used herein, refers to a connection between two devices for the purpose of transmitting and receiving information.
[0025] The terms “instantiate, ” “instantiation, ” and the like as used herein refers to the creation of an instance. An “instance” also refers to a concrete occurrence of an object, which may occur, for example, during the execution of program code.
[0026] The term “connected” may mean that two or more elements at a common communication protocol layer have an established signaling relationship with one another over a communication channel, link, interface, or reference point.
[0027] The term “network element, ” as used herein, refers to physical or virtualized equipment or infrastructure used to provide wired or wireless communication network services. The term “network element” may be considered synonymous with or referred to as a networked computer, networking hardware, network equipment, network node, or a virtualized network function.
[0028] The term “information element” refers to a structural element containing one or more fields. The term “field” refers to individual contents of an information element or a data element that contains content. An information element may include one or more additional information elements.
[0029] FIG. 1 illustrates a network environment 100 in accordance with some embodiments. The network environment 100 may include a UE 104 communicatively coupled with a base station 108 of a radio access network (RAN) 110. The UE 104 and the base station 108 may communicate over air interfaces compatible with 3GPP TSs, such as those that define a Fifth Generation (5G) new radio (NR) system or a later system. The base station 108 may provide user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE 104.
[0030] The network environment 100 may further include a core network 112. For example, the core network 112 may comprise a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) or a later generation core network. The core network 112 may be coupled to the base station 108 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The core network 112 may provide functions for the UE 104 via the base station 108. These functions may include managing subscriber profile information, subscriber location, authentication of services, or switching functions for voice and data sessions.
[0031] The network environment 100 may further include a data network 120. Data network 120 may include a system of interconnected nodes that facilitate data transmission between UE 104 and various application servers and other service providers. The base station 108 and the core network 112 may route application data between the UE 104 and external data network 120 or application servers. These application servers host web applications, cloud storage, and multimedia streaming services, which communicate with the UE 104 via standardized protocols and interfaces defined by 3GPP, ensuring secure and efficient data exchange.
[0032] Network 102 may configure UE 104. Network 102 may configure components of the protocol stack at the UE 104. For example, network 102 may use radio resource control (RRC) signaling to configure Layer 1 (L1) or L2 protocol stack at UE 104. Layer 2, or data link layer, may include several sublayers such as medium access control (MAC) , radio link control (RLC) , or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer.
[0033] PDCP layer may be responsible for encryption, integrity protection, or header compression. PDCP layer may process data from higher layers (e.g., Internet protocol (IP) packets) . PDCP may forward the PDCP service data units (SDUs) to the RLC layer.
[0034] An SDU may refer to a packet or data unit passed from a higher layer to a lower layer or vice versa within a network protocol stack, e.g., a PDCP SDU. A protocol data unit (PDU) may be referred to as a packet or unit of data that is transmitted over a network by a specific protocol layer. In some instances, the PDU includes both the SDU, and any headers, trailers, or metadata added by the layer processing the data. The PDU may be transmitted to a peer layer over the network. For example, PDCP may process the SDU, add a PDCP header to form a PDCP PDU, and pass down the PDU to the RLC layer to be transmitted over the network to the PDCP layer at the receiver.
[0035] The RLC layer may be responsible for the segmentation and reassembly of data packets, error correction through retransmission, or in-sequence delivery of data. The RLC layer may receive a packet from the PDCP layer, e.g., PDCP SDUs, segment it into RLC PDUs and forward it to the MAC layer.
[0036] MAC layer may be responsible for mapping logical channels to transport channels, scheduling transmission, and managing the allocation of radio resources. MAC layer may schedule transmission of RLC PDUs over the physical layer (L1 or PHY) based on quality-of-service (QoS) requirements or preferences and prioritizations such as logical channel prioritization. MAC layer may map the logical channels to transport channels and manage the allocation of radio resources.
[0037] In some instances, logical channels are protocol entities that pertain to the MAC layer. For example, the radio resource control (RRC) layer may configure the MAC layer with logical channels. Logical channels may be used to categorize different types of data and signaling messages based on their nature and priority. In some instances, logical channels are managed and prioritized within the MAC layer. Logical channel configuration may include a priority level that indicates the precedence of the logical channel relative to others.
[0038] In some embodiments, a logical channel may be associated with two or more logical channel priorities. UE 104, or components of its protocol stack, e.g., MAC layer, may dynamically or semi-statically adjust the priority of a logical channel with two or more logical channel priorities. The following may be deemed as presence of alternative or additional LCH priority configurations: 1) the LCH is configured with one or more additional priorities (in addition to the default priority) , 2) the LCH is configured with one or more priority offset value, for the UE to derive alternative priority from the default priority, 3) the LCH is configured with an enablement parameter, e.g., a 1-bit flag, that allow the UE 104 to change the priority of LCH when the priority adjustment is triggered, the resultant alternative LCH priority value may not be explicitly configured. The LCH priority configuration may be in RRC configuration, e.g., logicalChannelConfig information element.
[0039] In some embodiments, the PDCP layer may determine whether to trigger the logical channel priority adjustment. PDCP may determine the triggering of the logical channel priority adjustment based on the characteristics of packets that are buffered at the logical channel. In some embodiments, rules are described that may be used to trigger the LCH priority adjustment. These rules may reduce internal signaling between different protocol layers.
[0040] The PDCP may be associated with two or more RLC entities. In some embodiments, the PDCP is configured and activated with PDCP duplication, where one PDCP PDU (or copies of the same PDCP PDU) is submitted to two or more RLC entities. In some embodiments, the PDCP is configured and activated with the split bearer, where PDCP PDU is re-routed to a secondary RLC when the uplink data volume exceeds a threshold. Each RLC entity may be associated with a logical channel. Logical channel prioritization on logical channels carrying PDCP duplication packets may cause excessive competition among logical channels. Rules may be applied to prevent the creation of unnecessary or excessive competition among logical channels of the UE 104.
[0041] In some embodiments, UE 104 or a component therein (e.g., PDCP entity) may determine to trigger logical channel priority adjustment, determine one or more MAC entities to perform logical channel priority adjustment, and send an indication to those MAC entities.
[0042] FIG. 2 illustrates aspects of the UE 104 in further detail in accordance with some embodiments. The UE 104 may include an application layer 204 that generates application traffic to be transmitted to another device through the network environment 100. In some embodiments, the application layer 204 may have an XR application that generates XR traffic. However, embodiments are not limited to XR use cases.
[0043] For XR and other services, the application layer 204 may generate PDU sets, with individual PDU sets comprising one or more packets. A packet, which may also be referred to as a PDU, may be an Internet protocol (IP) packet or a non-IP packet. As shown, PDU set #1 may include packets #1–#5, while PDU set #2 includes packets #6 and #7. Each PDU set may be mapped to a different QoS flow. Different PDU sets may be mapped to different traffic flows when they correspond to different traffic flows or modalities.
[0044] The packets of a PDU set may carry a payload of one unit of information generated by the application layer. The unit of information may be a frame or video slice for XR Services, such as those defined in 3GPP Technical Report (TR) 26.926 v18.0.0 (2023-09) , for example. In some implementations, all PDUs in the PDU Set may be needed by an application layer at a destination node to allow the application layer to recover parts or all of the information unit. In other implementations, the application layer on the destination node may still be able to recover parts or all of the information unit, even if some PDUs of a PDU set are missing.
[0045] In some embodiments, the data produced by an application layer of the UE 104 may include multi-modal data. Multi-modal data may include input data from different kinds of devices / sensors or output data to different kinds of destinations (e.g., one or more UEs) desired for the same task or application. Multi-modal data may include more than one single-modal data (e.g., one type of data) , and there may be a strong dependency among each single-modal data associated with multi-modal data.
[0046] In some embodiments, the data produced by an application layer may be in a data burst. A data burst may include, for example, data produced by the application layer in a short period of time. The data burst may include PDUs from one or more PDU Sets.
[0047] The PDU sets may be provided to a transmitter 208 of the UE 104. The transmitter 208 may be configured to execute a communication protocol stack, for example, communication protocol stack 1236 of FIG. 12, to facilitate communication via the network environment 100. The transmitter 208 may implement layer 2 (L2) and layer 1 (L1) functionality. At the L2 level, the transmitter 208 may include a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a media access control (MAC) layer. At the L1 level, the transmitter 208 may include a physical (PHY) layer. Briefly, the SDAP layer may manage QoS flow handling between the QoS flows and the DRBs. The PDCP layer may manage robust header (de) compression and security between DRBs and RLC channels. The RLC layer may manage (re-) segmentation and error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ) between logical channels and RLC channels. The MAC layer may manage scheduling / priority handling, (de) multiplexing, and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes between logical channels and transport channels. The PHY layer may manage the processing of the physical data and control channels.
[0048] In some embodiments, various information may be provided by the core network 112 to the RAN 110 to assist in the handling of QoS flows and PDUs. This information may be consistent with that described in 3GPP TR 23.700-60 v18.0.0 (2022-12-21) . This information may include semi-static information for both uplink and downlink, PDU set QoS parameters, and dynamic information for downlink.
[0049] The semi-static information for both uplink and downlink may be provided via the control plane (NGAP) . This information may include periodicity for uplink and downlink traffic of the QoS Flow via time-sensitive communications assistance information (TSCAI) / time-sensitive communications assistance container (TSCAC) ; and traffic jitter information (e.g., jitter range) associated with each periodicity of the QoS flow.
[0050] The PDU set QoS parameters may include a PDU Set Error Rate (PSER) to define an upper bound for the rate of PDU Sets that have been processed by the sender of a link layer protocol but that are not successfully delivered by the corresponding receiver to the upper layer. See, for example, 3GPP TR 23.700-60. In some instances, a PDU set may be considered as successfully delivered when all PDUs of a PDU Set are delivered successfully. In other instances, other definitions of successful delivery may be made. In some instances, if one PDU of a PDU set is discarded, all remaining PDUs of the PDU set may be discarded.
[0051] The PDU set QoS parameters may further include a PDU Set Delay Budget (PSDB) that defines a time between the reception of a first PDU and the successful delivery of a last-arrived PDU of a PDU Set. See, for example, 3GPP TR 23.700-60. The PSDB may be an optional parameter in various embodiments.
[0052] The PDU set QoS parameters may further include a PDU Set importance (PSI) to indicate the relative importance of a PDU set compared to other PDU sets within the same QoS flow.
[0053] The PDU set QoS parameters may further include a PDU Set integrity handling information (PSIHI) to indicate whether every PDU of each PDU Set is needed. In case the application needs every PDU of a PDU Set, there is no need for the transmitter to continue to transmit every PDU when at least one PDU of this PDU Set has already been discarded.
[0054] A PDU set may be associated with the following information: a PDU set sequence number (SN) ; a PDU set size (in bytes) ; a PDU SN within a PDU Set; an end PDU of the PDU Set indication; a PDU set importance (PSI) ; and an end of data burst indication in the header of a last PDU of the data burst. The PSI may be used to identify the importance of a PDU Set within a QoS flow. The RAN 110 may use the PSI for PSI-based discarding in the presence of congestion, as described herein.
[0055] The application, application server, or application function may assign a PSI level for each packet or PDU set or may define rules and policies for assigning a PSI level to a type of packet or PDU set. For example, the application may assign a PSI level to packets associated with audio data and a different PSI to packets or PDU sets associated with real-time video data. Within a video stream, the application may assign different PSI to payloads associated with different video frame types. PSI level selection may be influenced by factors such as type of application (e.g., video, audio, text) , details of codec (e.g., H. 264 or high-efficiency video coding, HEVC) , level of error propagation when a PDU set is discarded, or inter-dependency among PDU sets (e.g., whether a PDU set is necessary for the processing of some other PDU sets) . The PSI selection may be similar to that described in 3GPP TS 26.522 v 18.0.1 (2024-07-12) .
[0056] PSI may have N levels, e.g., levels 0 to N-1. The higher PSI level values may be associated with less importance. Some of the PSI levels may indicate no interdependency with other PDU sets. For example, there may be 16 levels of PSIs, e.g., level 0 to level 15. PSI levels 14 and 15 may indicate no inter-dependency to other PDU sets; e.g., a PDU set having PSI level 14 may not have inter-dependency to other PDU sets. PDU sets with other PSI levels, e.g., levels 0 to 13, may be needed for the processing of other PDU sets. These values may differ in other embodiments. The PSI-based discarding mechanism may be configured to strike a balance between congestion handling and user experience. Base station 108 may be able to achieve such a balance by having knowledge related to the PSIs of the UE’s applications.
[0057] PSI levels may be classified into one or more groups, e.g., 1, 2, or 4 groups. The UE may treat each PSI level group differently when the PSI-based discarding mechanism is activated, e.g., the UE may apply a specific discard timer value (or a separate discard timer) when processing packets with PSI level pertaining to each group, or the UE may directly discard packets with PSI level pertaining to one or more particular groups. For example, the 16 PSI levels of the above example may be classified into two groups, e.g., PSI levels 0~8 in one group and PSI levels 9~15 in another group. The grouping may be done based on UE implementation (e.g., the UE application server may interact with the UE application or UE application layer and determine the grouping) . The network, e.g., the RAN 110 or the core network node 106, may configure the PSI level groups. For example, the RAN 110 may signal one or more PSI level thresholds for the UE to group the PSI levels accordingly.
[0058] Different applications, e.g., video, audio, text, metadata, or image, may have different PDU set marking methods. Therefore, two different applications running on the UE may assign PSI levels in different ways. As a result, the traffic flows associated with different applications may have different distributions of PSI levels. Having the knowledge of PSI distributions associated with a flow may allow base station 108 to configure the PSI-based discarding based on the PSI levels associated with that flow.
[0059] Each packet of a PDU set may be mapped to a PDCP SDU. In some embodiments, when a PDCP SDU is received from the upper layer, the PDCP entity may start a discard timer. The discard timer may track the buffered time of each SDU at the PDCP layer. In some instances, when the discard timer expires for a PDCP SDU or the successful delivery of the PDCP SDU is confirmed, e.g., via an ACK, the transmitting PDCP entity may discard the PDCP SDU along with the corresponding PDCP PDU.
[0060] In some instances, discarding PDCP SDUs that are not successfully delivered may cause the retransmission of the entire PDU set associated with the discarded PDCP SDUs. Transmission or retransmission of the entire PDU set associated with already discarded PDCP SDUs may be unnecessary and inefficient, waste network resources, increase latency, and / or negatively impact the user experience. It is desirable to prevent PDCP SDU discarding due to discard timer expiry.
[0061] The delay-critical PDCP SDU may be defined as a PDCP SDU for which the remaining time till discarding (e.g., the remaining time until expiry of the discard timer) is less than a first threshold when PDU set discarding is not configured. When the PDU Set discarding is configured, a PDCP SDU is delay-critical if it belongs to a PDU Set in which at least one PDCP SDU has the remaining time until discarding less than a second threshold. The remaining time till discarding is the remaining time of the discard timer. Similarly, a delay-critical RLC SDU is defined as an RLC SDU corresponding to a PDCP PDU indicated as delay-critical by PDCP.
[0062] In some instances, the PDCP entity may consider the following as delay-critical PDCP data volume: 1) the delay-critical PDCP SDUs for which no PDCP Data PDU have been constructed; 2) the PDCP Data PDU that contain the delay-critical PDCP SDUs and have not been submitted to lower layers; 3) the PDCP Control PDUs; 4) for data radio bearers (DRBs) with acknowledgment mode (AM) , the PDCP SDUs and PDCP data PDUs to be retransmitted.
[0063] In some instances, the UE 104 may consider the following as RLC data volume: 1) RLC SDUs and RLC SDU segments that have not yet been included in an RLC data PDU; 2) RLC data PDUs that are pending for initial transmission; and 3) RLC data PDUs that are pending for retransmission (RLC AM) . Additionally, the UE 104 may also consider the following as delay-critical RLC data volume: 1) delay-critical RLC SDUs and delay-critical RLC SDU segments that have not yet been included in an RLC Data PDU; 2) RLC Data PDUs pending for initial transmission and containing a delay-critical RLC SDU or a delay-critical RLC SDU segment; and 3) RLC Data PDUs that are pending for retransmission (RLC AM) . In addition, if a status PDU has been triggered and a prohibition timer, t-StatusProhibit, is not running or has expired, the UE may estimate the size of the status PDU that will be transmitted in the next transmission opportunity and consider this as part of RLC data volume for MAC buffer status reporting and as part of delay-critical RLC data volume for MAC delay status reporting.
[0064] An identifier associated with an RLC SDU may indicate whether it is delay-critical, e.g., a one-bit indicator. RLC PDUs may be considered delay-critical if they are associated with delay-critical RLC SDUs or delay-critical RLC SDU segments. RLC Data PDUs of both initial transmission and retransmission may be considered as delay-critical.
[0065] An RLC SDU or SDU segment may be associated with a parameter associated with the discard timer of the corresponding PDCP SDU. The parameter may include a value of the remaining time till discarding, e.g., the remaining time till the discard timer expires.
[0066] In some embodiments, UE 104 may apply delay or deadline information (e.g., delay-critical information or the remaining time till discarding) for uplink scheduling. UE 104 may apply a delay-aware logical channel prioritization procedure to buffer data with low remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer. For example, UE 104 (or components of the protocol stack implemented by the UE 104, e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC) may apply logical channel prioritization to prioritized logical channels with delay-critical.
[0067] FIG. 3 illustrates a logical channel priority adjustment 300 in accordance with some embodiments. Network 102 may configure logical channels through RRC signaling. Logical channel configuration may include several parameters or attributes such as LCH identify (LCID) , logical channel group (LCG) , or priority level. A logical channel may be associated with two or more logical channel priorities (e.g., priority levels) , e.g., priority #1 and priority #2.
[0068] One logical channel priority, e.g., priority #1, may be a default LCH priority level and may be used when all buffered packets are not delay-critical, e.g., each buffered packet has a remaining time until expiry of a discard timer larger than a threshold.
[0069] One or more logical channel priorities, e.g., priority #2, may be used when at least one buffered packet is a delay-critical packet, e.g., has a remaining time until expiry of a discard timer smaller than a threshold.
[0070] UE 104 (or a protocol stack component, e.g., MAC layer, RLS layer, or PDCP layer) may adjust the priority of an LCH. In some embodiments, UE 104 (e.g., PDCP entity) may detect a condition that triggers the priority adjustment procedure. The UE 104 (e.g., PDCP entity) may determine the MAC entity associated with an LCH whose priority needs to be adjusted. UE 104 (e.g., PDCP entity) may generate and transmit an indication to the MAC entity to trigger the priority adjustment procedure. The indication may identify the MAC entity or the LCH whose priority needs to be adjusted. For example, the indication may include the LCID of the LCH. In response to the indication, the UE 104 (e.g., the MAC entity) may adjust the LCH priority by selecting and applying another priority level for the LCH. For example, if the current priority level of the LCH is priority #1, adjusting the priority level of the LCH may include switching the priority level from priority #1 to priority #2.
[0071] FIG. 4 illustrates two protocol architectures for a PDCP entity associated with multiple RLC entities in accordance with some embodiments.
[0072] The PDCP entity may be associated with more than one RLC entity. For example, a PDCP entity may be associated with 1, 2, 3, or 4 RLC entities. In some examples, RRC signaling may establish the association between PDCP and RLC entities. For example, when a new bearer (e.g., a data radio bearer (DRB) ) is established, the RRC layer may specify the association between a PDCP entity and an RLC entity. Each PDCP entity may be mapped to a corresponding RLC entity via a logical channel.
[0073] In some embodiments, the RLC entities may be configured and activated for PDCP duplication. PDCP duplication may be used to increase the reliability and robustness of data transmission. The PDCP entity may duplicate the PDUs and send them through different RLC entities. In some instances, RLC entities may be associated with different cell groups or different cells in a same cell group.
[0074] In some embodiments, the RLC entities may be configured and activated for the PDCP split-bearer. PDCP split-bearer may be used to increase data throughput, e.g., in a dual connectivity scenario. A single PDCP entity may be associated with multiple RLC entities, each corresponding to different cell groups (and hence different MAC entities) . The PDCP layer may split and distribute the PDCP SDUs across these RLC entities. The PDCP split-bearer mechanism may allow for balancing the load between different radio RLC entities based on buffer conditions, traffic load, and QoS requirements.
[0075] In protocol architectures 410 and 420, the PDCP entity is associated with two RLCs, e.g., RLC #1 and RLC #2. One of the RLC entities, e.g., RLC #1, may be a primary RLC entity, and others, e.g., RLC #2, may be a secondary RLC entity. A primary RLC entity may be associated with the primary cell (PCell) in a dual connectivity or carrier aggregation scenario. The primary RLC entity may handle data transmission and reception over the primary cell. The primary RLC entity, in addition to data plane traffic, may handle control plane traffic to maintain the connection and manage handovers. The secondary RLC entity may manage data transmission and reception over the secondary cell. Secondary RLC may handle user plane traffic.
[0076] In both PDCP duplication and PDCP split-bearer, a DRB may be associated with multiple logical channels, where each logical channel corresponds to one RLC entity.
[0077] In some embodiments, the RLC entities are associated with the same MAC entity, e.g., protocol architecture 410. Protocol architecture 410 may be based on carrier aggregation in which the same MAC entity handles the traffic of both RLC #1 and RLC #2 entities. For example, the traffic of RLC #1 (primary RLC entity) may be mapped to LCH #1, and the traffic of RLC #2 (secondary RLC entity) may be mapped to LCH #2. Both LCH #1 and LCH #2 are associated with the same MAC entity.
[0078] In some embodiments, the RLC entities are associated with different MAC entities, e.g., protocol architecture 420. Protocol architecture 420 may be based on dual connectivity in which the traffic of each RLC is handled by a different MAC entity, e.g., RLC #1 is associated with MAC #1, and RLC #2 is associated with MAC #2. The traffic of RLC #1 (primary RLC entity) may be mapped to LCH #1, and the traffic of RLC #2 (secondary RLC entity) may be mapped to LCH #2. LCH #1 may be associated with MAC #1, and LCH #2 may be associated with MAC #2. In some instances, LCH #1 and LCH #2 may be associated with the same DRB, and their traffic may be processed by different MAC entities, e.g., MAC #1 and MAC #2.
[0079] PDCP may be associated with multiple logical channels and logical channels may be associated and configured with multiple MAC entities. The PDCP entity may monitor and trigger the logical channel priority adjustment operation, e.g., based on the remaining time until the discarding or expiry of the discard timer for a PDCP SDU. PDCP entity may identify the logical channel whose priority needs to be adjusted (e.g., based on whether delay-critical packets buffered in the logical channels) and accordingly may generate and transmit an indication to the corresponding MAC entity. In response to receiving the indication, the MAC entity may adjust the priority of the identified logical channel (s) .
[0080] FIG. 5 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1200; or components thereof, for example, protocol stack entities (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) or baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0081] In this scenario, it is considered that the transmitting PDCP entity is associated with at least two RLC entities, e.g., the primary RLC entity and the split secondary RLC entity. PDCP duplication is not configured or not activated, and the secondary RLC entity is configured and activated for the PDCP split-bearer.
[0082] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may include, at 510, detecting that one or more conditions for LCH priority adjustment are fulfilled. A condition for LCH priority adjustment may include determining that the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold or that the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers. In some instances, a condition for LCH priority adjustment may be based on the presence of delay-critical PDCP SDU.
[0083] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may include, at 520, determining whether the total data volume satisfies a threshold. The total data volume may include PDCP data volume and RLC data volume pending initial transmission for both RLC entities. The UE 104 or a protocol entity of the UE 104 (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) may compare the total data volume against the threshold. Data volume of buffered data pending for initial transmission (as specified in the 3GPP TS 38.322 v. 18.1.0 (2024-07-12) in the primary RLC entity and the split secondary RLC entity being equal to or larger than the threshold may trigger the LCH priority adjustment operation. In some embodiments, the network 102 configures the threshold. For example, the RRC signaling may configure the threshold, e.g., ul-DataSplitThreshold information element (IE) .
[0084] If the total data volume is less than the threshold, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 continues at 550 following the “No” branch in FIG 4. If the total data volume is greater than or equal to the threshold, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 continues at 530 following the “Yes” branch in FIG 4.
[0085] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may include, at 530, determining whether an LCH corresponding to the secondary RLC entity is configured with an alternative LCH priority. The UE 104 may determine that the secondary RLC is associated with at least one LCH that is configured with more than one LCH priority. MAC configuration may include LCH configuration, where each LCH configuration may include one or more LCH priority levels. Each LCH may be configured with a primary or default priority. In addition to the primary or default priority, each LCH may be configured with one or more alternative LCH priorities. Not every LCH may be configured with one or more alternative LCH priorities.
[0086] If the secondary RLC is associated with a logical channel that is configured with an alternative LCH priority, then the operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 continues at 540 following the “Yes” branch in FIG 4. If the secondary RLC is not associated with a logical channel that is configured with an alternative LCH priority, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 continues at 550 following the “No” branch in FIG 4.
[0087] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may include, at 540, sending the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entity associated with the secondary RLC entity. The indication may trigger the LCH priority adjustment at the receiving MAC entity. Upon receiving the indication, the MAC entity may adjust the priority of the LCH. For example, the MAC entity may change the priority of the LCH from the default primary level to the configured alternative priority level or other configured priorities. The indication may be a signaling between protocol entities, e.g., between the PDCP entity and MAC entity, or an internal operation in UE 104 protocol stack implementation.
[0088] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may include, at 550, determining whether an LCH corresponding to the primary RLC entity is configured with an alternative LCH priority. The UE 104 may determine that the primary RLC is associated with at least one LCH that is configured with more than one LCH priority. MAC configuration may include LCH configuration, where each LCH configuration may include one or more LCH priority levels. Each LCH may be configured with a primary or default priority. In addition to the primary or default priority, each LCH may be configured with one or more alternative LCH priorities. Not every LCH may be configured with one or more alternative LCH priorities.
[0089] If the primary RLC is associated with a logical channel that is configured with an alternative LCH priority, then the operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 continues at 560 following the “Yes” branch in FIG 4. If the secondary RLC is not associated with a logical channel that is configured with an alternative LCH priority, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may terminate or repeat.
[0090] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 500 may include, at 560, sending the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entity associated with the primary RLC entity. The indication may trigger the LCH priority adjustment at the receiving MAC entity. Upon receiving the indication, the MAC entity may adjust the priority of the LCH. For example, the MAC entity may change the priority of the LCH from the default primary level to the configured alternative priority level or other configured priorities. The indication may be a signaling between protocol entities, e.g., between the PDCP entity and MAC entity, or an internal operation in UE 104 protocol stack implementation.
[0091] In one example, the LCHs of both the primary RLC entity and split secondary RLC entity may be configured with alternative LCH priority. The PDCP entity may detect that condition (s) for LCH priority adjustment is fulfilled (e.g., the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold, and the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers) .
[0092] The PDCP determines that the total data volume (including PDCP data volume and RLC data volume pending for initial transmission) in the primary RLC entity and the split secondary RLC entity is equal to or larger than a threshold (e.g., the ul-DataSplitThreshold) . The PDCP entity may send the indication of LCH priority adjustment triggering to MAC entities associated with the primary RLC entity and the split secondary RLC entity.
[0093] The PDCP determines that the total data volume in the primary RLC entity and the split secondary RLC entity is less than a threshold (e.g., the ul-DataSplitThreshold) . The PDCP may only send the indication of LCH priority adjustment triggering to the MAC entity associated with the primary RLC entity.
[0094] FIG. 6 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 600 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 600 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1200; or components thereof, for example, protocol stack entities (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) or baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0095] In this scenario, it is considered that the transmitting PDCP entity is associated with at least two RLC entities, e.g., the primary RLC entity and the split secondary RLC entity. PDCP duplication is not configured or not activated, and the secondary RLC entity is configured and activated for the PDCP split-bearer. At least one LCH corresponding to the primary RLC entity and one LCH corresponding to the secondary RLC entity are configured with alternative priority.
[0096] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 600 may include, at 610, determining that the condition for packet re-routing in split-bearer is fulfilled. Condition for packet re-routing in split-bearer may be fulfilled when the total data volume for initial transmission exceeds a threshold. The total data volume may include PDCP data volume and RLC data volume pending initial transmission in the primary RLC entity and the split secondary RLC entity. The threshold may be the ul-DataSplitThrehsold configured by network 102 via RRC signaling.
[0097] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 600 may include, at 620, submitting PDCP PDUs to either primary or secondary RLC entities. Once the PDCP bearer-splitting is allowed, the PDCP may distribute the PDCP PDUs among the RLC entities.
[0098] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 600 may include, at 630, determining that at least one submitted packet (e.g., PDCP PDU) satisfies a condition for LCH priority adjustment. A submitted packet (e.g., PDCP PDU) may satisfy a condition for LCH priority adjustment when a PDCP SDU associated with the submitted packet satisfies a condition for LCH priority adjustment. A packet may satisfy the condition for LCH priority adjustment when the packet belongs to the same PDU Set as at least one other packet whose remaining time until expiration is less than a threshold. In other instances, a packet may satisfy the LCH priority adjustment condition when the packet is a delay-critical packet, belongs to, or is associated with an important PDU Set.
[0099] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 600 may include, at 640, identifying the RLC entity (ies) where the packets corresponding to PDCP SDUs satisfy a condition for LCH priority adjustment are submitted. For example, all packets that satisfy the condition for LCH priority adjustment may be submitted to the primary RLC. In another example, all packets that satisfy the condition for LCH priority adjustment may be submitted to the secondary RLC entity. In another example, the packets that satisfy the condition for LCH priority adjustment may be submitted to both the primary and secondary RLC entities.
[0100] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 600 may include, at 650, sending the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entity (ies) associated with the identified RLC entity (ies) . For example, if all packets that satisfy the condition for LCH priority adjustment are submitted to the primary RLC, the PDCP may only send the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entity associated with the primary RLC entity. In another example, if all packets that satisfy the condition for LCH priority adjustment are submitted to the secondary RLC entity, the PDCP may only send the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entity associated with the secondary RLC entity. In another example, if the packets that satisfy the condition for LCH priority adjustment are submitted to both the primary and secondary RLC entities, the PDCP may send the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entities associated with the primary and secondary RLC entities.
[0101] FIG. 7 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1200; or components thereof, for example, protocol stack entities (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) or baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0102] In this scenario, it is considered that the transmitting PDCP entity is associated with at least two RLC entities, e.g., the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity. The primary RLC entity is associated with a first MAC entity, and the secondary RLC entity (ies) may be associated with a second MAC entity. PDCP duplication is configured or activated, e.g., in addition to the primary RLC entity, one or more secondary RLC entity (ies) may be activated to carry a duplicated PDCP PDU. The LCHs corresponding to any of the RLC entities may or may not be configured with alternative priorities.
[0103] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may include, at 710, detecting that one or more conditions for LCH priority adjustment are fulfilled. For example, the UE 104 (or a protocol component such as PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) may detect that the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold or the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers.
[0104] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may include, at 720, identifying an RLC entity (ies) that satisfies both of the following conditions: 1) activated for PDCP duplication and 2) an associated LCH is configured with an alternative LCH priority.
[0105] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may include, at 730, sending the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entity (ies) associated with the identified RLC entity (ies) . The PDCP (or UE 104) may send the indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MAC entity (ies) associated with the identified RLC entity (ies) . The indication may identify the MAC entity or the LCH.
[0106] In some instances, the LCH of the primary RLC entity may not be configured with an alternative priority, while the LCH of the secondary RLC entity is configured with an alternative priority. The LCH priority adjustment may cause the LCH associated with the secondary RLC entity to have a priority higher than the LCH associated with the primary RLC entity.
[0107] FIG. 8 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1200; or components thereof, for example, protocol stack entities (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) or baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0108] In this scenario, the transmitting PDCP entity is associated with at least two RLC entities, e.g., the primary RLC entity and one or more secondary RLC entities. The primary RLC entity is associated with a first MAC entity, and secondary RLC entities may be associated with a secondary MAC entity. PDCP duplication is configured and may be activated, e.g., in addition to the primary RLC entity, one or more secondary RLC entity (ies) may be activated for PDCP duplication. The LCHs corresponding to any of the RLC entities may or may not be configured with alternative priorities.
[0109] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 810, detecting that one or more conditions for LCH priority adjustment are fulfilled. For example, the UE 104 (or a protocol component such as PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) may detect that the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold or the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers.
[0110] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 820, determining whether one or more characteristics of at least one buffered PDCP SDU satisfy a condition. The PDCP may evaluate one or more characteristics of the buffered PDCP SDUs. For example, the PDCP may determine whether any buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set, e.g., by evaluating or identifying the PSI of the buffered PDCP SUDs. In another example, the PDCP entity may determine whether the buffered PDCP SDUs are delay-critical. In another example, the PDCP entity may determine whether the buffered PDCP SDUs have experience considerable amount of jitter before arriving at the buffer.
[0111] If one or more characteristics of at least one buffered PDCP SDU satisfy the condition, then the operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 continues at 830 following the “Yes” branch in FIG 8. If one or more characteristics of at least one buffered PDCP SDU do not satisfy the condition, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 continues at 840 following the “No” branch in FIG 8.
[0112] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 830, sending the indication to MAC entity (ies) associated with LCH (s) corresponding to a first subset of RLC entities of the DRB associated with the buffered PDCP SDU whose one or more characteristics satisfy the condition. The UE 104 (or a protocol entity such as PDCP, RLC, or MAC) may determine a DRB associated with the buffered PDCP PDU. UE 104 may determine the RLC entities associated with the DRB and select a first subset of RLC entities associated with the DRB. UE 104 may determine a subset of LCHs corresponding to the first subset of RLC entities. UE 104 may determine the MAC entities associated with the subset of LCHs and send indications for LCH priority adjustment to these MAC entities.
[0113] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 840, sending the indication to MAC entity (ies) associated with LCH (s) corresponding to a second subset of RLC entities of the DRB associated with the buffered PDCP SDU whose one or more characteristics satisfy the condition. The UE 104 (or a protocol entity such as PDCP, RLC, or MAC) may determine a DRB associated with the buffered PDCP PDU. UE 104 may determine the RLC entities associated with the DRB and select a second subset of RLC entities associated with the DRB. UE 104 may determine a subset of LCHs corresponding to the first subset of RLC entities. UE 104 may determine the MAC entities associated with the subset of LCHs and send indications for LCH priority adjustment to these MAC entities. The first and second subsets of RLC entities may be different subsets or may overlap in one or more RLC entities.
[0114] In one example, a DRB is associated with multiple RLC entities for duplication, and the LCHs of these RLC entities are configured with alternative LCH priorities. The PDCP entity detects that condition (s) for LCH priority adjustment is fulfilled (e.g., the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold, or the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers) . If there is no important packet in the buffer, the PDCP entity may send an indication to instruct the MAC layer to apply only the alternative priority for LCH corresponding to the primary RLC entity, e.g., the subset of RLC includes only the primary RLC entity. Otherwise, if at least one important packet is identified in the buffer, the PDCP entity may send an indication to instruct the MAC layer to apply the alternative priority for all the LCHs corresponding to the RLC entities that are activated for duplication.
[0115] In some embodiments, network 102 may only configure the alternative priority for one of the LCHs, e.g., only the LCH corresponding to the primary RLC entity, and none of the LCHs corresponding to secondary RLC entity (ies) is configured with alternative priority.
[0116] In some embodiments, UE 104 may only conduct LCH priority adjustment for N (N>= 1) LCHs (among all the activated RLC entities or among all the activated secondary RLC entities) with the highest (or lowest) alternative LCH priority.
[0117] FIG. 9 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1200; or components thereof, for example, protocol stack entities (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) or baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0118] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 910, detecting that one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled. Detecting that one or more conditions for priority adjustment of the LCH is fulfilled may include determining that the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold or a PDCP PDU associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.
[0119] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 920, generating an indication of the priority adjustment. The UE 104 (or a protocol entity such as PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) may generate an indication of the priority adjustment. The indication may indicate the MAC entity or the LCH whose priority is indicated to be adjusted. In one example, the PDCP entity may generate the indication and send it to the MAC entity associated with the LCH, whose priority is indicated to be adjusted.
[0120] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 930, comparing a total data volume to a threshold. The total data volume may include PDCP data volume and RLC data volume pending initial transmission.
[0121] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 940, determining a MAC selection condition.
[0122] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 950, selecting one or more target MAC entities. UE 104 may select one or more target MAC entities based on the MAC selection condition.
[0123] In some instances, a first RLC entity having a first LCH and a second RLC entity having a second LCH are associated with a PDCP entity. The first RLC entity may be associated with a first MAC entity, and the second RLC entity may be associated with a second MAC entity.
[0124] In some embodiments, the MAC selection condition includes determining that the total volume is larger than the threshold; determining that a second LCH configuration of a second MAC entity includes only one priority; and determining that a first LCH configuration of a first MAC entity includes two or more priorities. Based on the MAC selection condition, the UE 104 may select the first MAC entity.
[0125] In some embodiments, the MAC selection condition includes determining that the total data volume is larger than the threshold; determining that a second LCH configuration of the second MAC entity includes two or more second LCH priorities; and determining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities. Based on the MAC selection condition, the UE 104 may select both the first and second MAC entities.
[0126] In some embodiments, the MAC selection condition includes determining that the total data volume is less than the threshold and determining that the first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities. Based on the MAC selection condition, the UE 104 may select the first MAC entity.
[0127] In some embodiment, the MAC selection condition includes determining that the total data volume is greater than the threshold; determining that a second LCH configuration of the second MAC entity includes two or more second LCH priorities; determining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; and identifying one or more delay-critical packets. Based on the MAC selection condition, the UE 104 may select the one or more MAC entities associated with the one or more delay-critical packets.
[0128] In some embodiments, the MAC selection condition includes determining one or more RLC entities of the two or more activated RLC entities, wherein individual RLC entities of the one or more RLC entities include an LCH associated with an LCH configuration of a MAC entity, the LCH configuration including at least two LCH priorities. Based on the MAC selection condition, the UE 104 may select the one or more MAC entities associated with the one or more RLC entities.
[0129] In some embodiments, the MAC selection condition includes determining a presence of one or more buffered PDCP service data units (SDUs) associated with one or more characteristics; and determining, based on said determining, the presence of one or more buffered PDCP SDUs associated with one or more characteristics, one or more LCHs wherein each individual LCH of the one or more LCHs is associated with: two or more priorities; and an RLC entity activated for a PDCP duplication operation. Based on the MAC selection condition, the UE 104 may select one or more MAC entities associated with the one or more LCHs.
[0130] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 960, transmitting the indication of the priority adjustment to the one or more target MAC entities. In one example, the PDCP entity may transmit the indication to the selected one or more target MAC entities.
[0131] FIG. 10 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1200; or components thereof, for example, protocol stack entities (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) or baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0132] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1010, detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH is fulfilled. Detecting that one or more conditions for priority adjustment of the LCH is fulfilled may include determining that the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold or a PDCP PDU associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.
[0133] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1020, identifying two or more RLC entities that are activated for PDCP duplication operation.
[0134] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1030, determining one or more RLC entities of the two or more RLC entities. The one or more RLC entities include RLC entities of the set of two or more entities where each RLC entity is associated with an LCH that is configured with two or more LCH priorities, e.g., a primary priority and one or more alternative priorities.
[0135] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1040, determining one or more LCHs associated with one or more RLC entities. Each individual LCH of one or more LCHs may be configured with two or more priorities.
[0136] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1050, generating an indication of the priority adjustment. The indication may include information to indicate a MAC entity or an LCH. The indication may include information to indicate an LCH priority adjustment.
[0137] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1000 may include, at 1060, transmitting the indication of the priority adjustment to the one or more target MAC entities. The one or more targe MAC entities are MAC entities associated with the one or more LCHs identified at 1040.
[0138] In some embodiments, the PDCP entity may detect that condition (s) for LCH priority adjustment is fulfilled (e.g., the remaining time until expiry of the discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold, or the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers) . The PDCP entity may identify the RLC entity (ies) that satisfy both of the following conditions: 1) activated for PDCP duplication, and 2) associated with an LCH that is configured with more than one priority (e.g., a default or primary priority and one or more alternative priorities) . The PDCP entity may send an indication of LCH priority adjustment to the MC entity (ies) associated with the identified RLC entity (ies) .
[0139] FIG. 11 illustrates an operation flow / algorithmic structure 1100 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1100 may be performed or implemented by a UE such as, for example, the UE 104 or UE 1200; or components thereof, for example, protocol stack entities (e.g., PDCP, RLC, or MAC entities) or baseband processor circuitry 1204A.
[0140] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1100 may include, at 1110, detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH. Detecting that one or more conditions for priority adjustment of the LCH is fulfilled may include determining that the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold or a PDCP PDU associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.
[0141] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1100 may include, at 1120, determining a condition of a buffered PDCP SDU. In one embodiment, the condition may be whether the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set. In another embodiment, the condition may be whether the buffered PDCP SDU is a delay-critical packet.
[0142] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1100 may include, at 1130, selecting a subset of RLC entities from a first subset of RLC entities and a second subset of RLC entities. The UE 104 (or the PDCP entity) may select the first and second subsets of RLC entities based on the condition of the buffered PDCP SDU. In one embodiment, if the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set, the UE 104 may select a first subset of RLC entities. If the buffered PDCP SDU does not belong to an important PDU Set, the UE 104 (or the PDCP entity) may select a second set of RLC entities. The first and second sets of RLC entities may be different (e.g., disjoint) sets or may have one or more RLC entities in common.
[0143] In one example, if there is no important packet in the buffer, the PDCP may select the primary RLC entity, and if there is at least one important packet in the buffer, the PCP may select the secondary RLC entities activated for PDCP duplication.
[0144] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1100 may include, at 1140, generating an indication of the priority adjustment. The indication may include information to indicate one or more MAC entity or one or more LCHs. The indication may include information to indicate an LCH priority adjustment.
[0145] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 1100 may include, at 1150, transmitting the indication of the priority adjustment to the one or more target MAC entities. The one or more target MAC entities are MAC entities that may be associated with the selected subset of RLC entities at 1130.
[0146] In one example, the PDCP entity may detect that condition (s) for LCH priority adjustment is fulfilled, e.g., the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold, or the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers. The PDCP entity may further evaluate characteristics of the buffered PDCP SDUs, e.g., determine whether any buffered PDCP SDU belong to an important PDU Set. The PDCP entity or the UE 104 may determine a subset of LCHs corresponding to a DRB (e.g., the DRB associated with the PDCP entity) that should conduct LCH priority adjustment, based on the evaluation of characteristics of the buffered PDCP SDUs. For example, the UE 104 or the PDCP entity may determine which LCHs of the DRB should increase their priority in response to the detected LCH priority adjustment condition. The UE 104 or the PDCP entity may send an indication to MAC entities associated with the determined subset of LCHs to perform LCH priority adjustment.
[0147] In one example, a DRB is associated with multiple RLC entities for duplication, and the LCHs of these RLC entities are configured with alternative LCH priorities. The PDCP entity detects that condition (s) for LCH priority adjustment is fulfilled (e.g., the remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP SDU is less than a threshold, or the corresponding PDCP data PDU has already been submitted to lower layers) . If there is no important packet in the buffer, the PDCP entity may send an indication to instruct the MAC layer to apply only the alternative priority for LCH corresponding to the primary RLC entity, e.g., the subset of RLC includes only the primary RLC entity. Otherwise, if at least one important packet is identified in the buffer, the PDCP entity may send an indication to instruct the MAC layer to apply the alternative priority for all the LCHs corresponding to the RLC entities that are activated for duplication.
[0148] In one example, the UE 104 or the PDCP entity may determine a first set of LCHs associated with a first DRB and a second set of LCHs associated with a second DRB based on the condition of the one or more buffered PDCP SDUs. In one example, the first and second DRBs may be the same DRB. The UE 104 or the PDCP entity may determine the first subset of RLC entities based on the first set of LCHs and may determine the second subset of RLC entities based on the second set of LCHs.
[0149] FIG. 12 illustrates a UE 1200 in accordance with some embodiments. The UE 1200 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with the UE 104.
[0150] The UE 1200 may be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as, for example, mobile phones, computers, tablets, industrial wireless sensors (for example, microphones, carbon dioxide sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, laser scanners, fluid level sensors, inventory sensors, electric voltage / current meters, or actuators) , video surveillance / monitoring devices (for example, cameras or video cameras) , wearable devices (for example, a smartwatch) , or Internet-of-things devices.
[0151] The UE 1200 may include processors 1204, RF interface circuitry 1208, memory / storage 1212, user interface 1216, sensors 1220, driver circuitry 1222, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 1224, antenna 1226, and battery 1228. The components of the UE 1200 may be implemented as integrated circuits (ICs) , portions thereof, discrete electronic devices, or other modules, logic, hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. The block diagram of FIG. 12 is intended to show a high-level view of some of the components of the UE 1200. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and different arrangements of the components shown may occur in other implementations.
[0152] The components of the UE 1200 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 1232, which may represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or expansion) , transmission line, trace, or optical connection that allows various circuit components (on common or different chips or chipsets) to interact with one another.
[0153] The processors 1204 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1204A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1204B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1204C. The processors 1204 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage 1212 to cause the UE 1200 to perform operations as described herein. The processors 1204 may also include interface circuitry 1204D to communicatively couple the processor circuitry with one or more other components of the UE 1200.
[0154] In some embodiments, the baseband processor circuitry 1204A may access a communication protocol stack 1236 in the memory / storage 1212 to communicate over a 3GPP-compatible network. In general, the baseband processor circuitry 1204A may access the communication protocol stack 1236 to: perform user plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, SDAP layer, and PDU layer; and perform control plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and a NAS layer. In some embodiments, the PHY layer operations may additionally / alternatively be performed by the components of the RF interface circuitry 1208.
[0155] The baseband processor circuitry 1204A may generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information in 3GPP-compatible networks. In some embodiments, the waveforms for NR may be based on cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) in the uplink.
[0156] The memory / storage 1212 may include one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media that includes instructions (for example, communication protocol stack 1236) that may be executed by one or more of the processors 1204 to cause the UE 1200 to perform various operations described herein.
[0157] The memory / storage 1212 includes any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that may be distributed throughout the UE 1200. In some embodiments, some of the memory / storage 1212 may be located on the processors 1204 themselves (for example, memory / storage 1212 may be part of a chipset that corresponds to the baseband processor circuitry 1204A) , while other memory / storage 1212 is external to the processors 1204 but accessible thereto via a memory interface. The memory / storage 1212 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , static random access memory (SRAM) , erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , Flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.
[0158] The RF interface circuitry 1208 may include transceiver circuitry and a radio frequency front module (RFEM) that allows the UE 1200 to communicate with other devices over a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 1208 may include various elements arranged in transmit or receive paths. These elements may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, and control circuitry.
[0159] In the receive path, the RFEM may receive a radiated signal from an air interface via antenna 1226 and proceed to filter and amplify (with a low-noise amplifier) the signal. The signal may be provided to a receiver of the transceiver that down-converts the RF signal into a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of the processors 1204.
[0160] In the transmit path, the transmitter of the transceiver up-converts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM may amplify the RF signal through a power amplifier prior to the signal being radiated across the air interface via the antenna 1226.
[0161] In various embodiments, the RF interface circuitry 1208 may be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technologies.
[0162] The antenna 1226 may include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to travel through the air and to convert received radio waves into electrical signals. The antenna elements may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. The antenna 1226 may have antenna panels that are omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof to enable beamforming and multiple input, multiple output communications. The antenna 1226 may include microstrip antennas, printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, patch antennas, or phased array antennas. The antenna 1226 may have one or more panels designed for specific frequency bands including bands in FR1 or FR2.
[0163] The user interface 1216 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable user interaction with the UE 1200. The user interface 1216 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting an input including, inter alia, one or more physical or virtual buttons (for example, a reset button) , a physical keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphones, scanner, headset, or the like. The output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for showing information or otherwise conveying information, such as sensor readings, actuator position (s) , or other like information. Output device circuitry may include any number or combinations of audio or visual display, including, inter alia, one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (for example, binary status indicators such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) and multi-character visual outputs, or more complex outputs such as display devices or touchscreens (for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) , LED displays, quantum dot displays, and projectors) , with the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, and the like being generated or produced from the operation of the UE 1200.
[0164] The sensors 1220 may include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in their environment and send the information (sensor data) about the detected events to some other device, module, or subsystem. Examples of such sensors include inertia measurement units comprising accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems comprising 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; flow sensors; temperature sensors (for example, thermistors) ; pressure sensors; barometric pressure sensors; gravimeters; altimeters; image capture devices (for example, cameras or lensless apertures) ; light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (for example, infrared radiation detector and the like) ; depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; and microphones or other like audio capture devices.
[0165] The driver circuitry 1222 may include software and hardware elements that operate to control particular devices that are embedded in the UE 1200, attached to the UE 1200, or otherwise communicatively coupled with the UE 1200. The driver circuitry 1222 may include individual drivers allowing other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may be present within or connected to the UE 1200. For example, driver circuitry 1222 may include a display driver to control and allow access to a display device, a touchscreen driver to control and allow access to a touchscreen interface, sensor drivers to obtain sensor readings of sensors 1220, and control and allow access to sensors 1220, drivers to obtain actuator positions of electro-mechanic components or control and allow access to the electro-mechanic components, a camera driver to control and allow access to an embedded image capture device, audio drivers to control and allow access to one or more audio devices.
[0166] The PMIC 1224 may manage power provided to various components of the UE 1200. In particular, with respect to the processors 1204, the PMIC 1224 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion.
[0167] A battery 1228 may power the UE 1200, although in some examples, the UE 1200 may be mounted deployed in a fixed location and may have a power supply coupled to an electrical grid. The battery 1228 may be a lithium-ion battery, a metal-air battery, such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, and the like. In some implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 1228 may be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.
[0168] FIG. 13 illustrates a network device 1300 in accordance with some embodiments. The network device 1300 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with base station 108.
[0169] The network device 1300 may include processors 1304, RF interface circuitry 1308 (if implemented as a base station) , core network (CN) interface circuitry 1314, memory / storage circuitry 1312, and antenna structure 1326.
[0170] The components of the network device 1300 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 1328.
[0171] The processors 1304, RF interface circuitry 1308, memory / storage circuitry 1312 (including communication protocol stack 1310) , antenna structure 1326, and interconnects 1328 may be similar to like-named elements shown and described with respect to FIG. 12.
[0172] The processors 1304 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1304A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1304B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1304C. The processors 1304 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage circuitry 1312 to cause the UE 1200 to perform operations as described herein. The processors 1304 may also include interface circuitry 1304D to communicatively couple the processor circuitry with one or more other components of the network device 1300.
[0173] The CN interface circuitry 1314 may provide connectivity to a core network, for example, a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol such as carrier Ethernet protocols or some other suitable protocol. Network connectivity may be provided to / from the network device 1300 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuitry 1314 may include one or more dedicated processors or FPGAs to communicate using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuitry 1314 may include multiple controllers to provide connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.
[0174] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining users’ privacy. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
[0175] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components set forth in one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods as set forth in the example section below. For example, the baseband circuitry described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the examples set forth below. For another example, circuitry associated with a UE, base station, or network element described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the examples set forth below in the example section.
[0176] EXAMPLES
[0177] In the following sections, further exemplary embodiments are provided.
[0178] Example 1 includes a method including: detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of a logical channel (LCH) are fulfilled; generating, based on said detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled, an indication of the priority adjustment; comparing a total data volume to a threshold, wherein the total data volume includes packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) data volume and radio link control (RLC) data volume pending for initial transmission; determining a medium access control (MAC) selection condition based on said comparing the total data volume to the threshold; selecting, based on the MAC selection condition, one or more target MAC entities; and transmitting the indication of the priority adjustment to the one or more target MAC entities.
[0179] Example 2 includes the method of example 1 or some other examples herein, wherein said detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled includes: determining that a remaining time until the expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP service data unit (SDU) is less than a threshold; and determining that a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.
[0180] Example 3 includes the method of examples 1 or 2 or some other examples herein, wherein further including: adjusting a priority of an LCH of the one or more target MAC entities.
[0181] Example 4 includes the method of any of examples 1–3 or some other example herein, wherein adjusting a priority of an LCH of the one or more target MAC entities includes: switching the priority of the LCH of a MAC entity of the one or more target MAC entities from a first LCH priority to a second LCH priority.
[0182] Example 5 includes the method of any of examples 1–4 or some other example herein, wherein: said determining a MAC selection condition comprises: determining that the total data volume is larger than the threshold; determining that a second LCH configuration of a second MAC entity includes only one second LCH priority; and determining that a first LCH configuration of a first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; and said selecting one or more target MAC entities comprises: selecting the first MAC entity.
[0183] Example 6 includes the method of any of examples 1–5 or some other example herein, further including: determining a first RLC entity having a first LCH and a second RLC entity having a second LCH are associated with a PDCP entity, wherein the first RLC entity is associated with a first MAC entity and the second RLC entity is associated with a second MAC entity.
[0184] Example 7 includes the method of any of examples 1–6 or some other example herein, wherein: said determining a MAC selection condition includes: determining that the total data volume is larger than the threshold; determining that a second LCH configuration of the second MAC entity includes two or more second LCH priorities; and determining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; and said selecting one or more target MAC entities comprises: selecting the first and second MAC entities.
[0185] Example 8 includes the method of any of examples 1–7 or some other example herein, wherein: said determining a MAC selection condition comprises: determining that the total data volume is less than the threshold; and determining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; and said selecting one or more target MAC entities comprises: selecting the first MAC entities.
[0186] Example 9 includes the method of any of examples 1–8 or some other example herein, wherein: said determining a MAC selection condition includes: determining that the total data volume is greater than the threshold; determining that a second LCH configuration of the second MAC entity includes two or more second LCH priorities; determining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; and identifying one or more delay-critical packets; and said selecting one or more target MAC entities includes: selecting the one or more MAC entities associated with the one or more delay-critical packets.
[0187] Example 10 includes the method of any of examples 1–9 or some other example herein, further including identifying two or more activated RLC entities associated with a PDCP duplication operation, and wherein: said determining a MAC selection condition includes: determining one or more RLC entities of the two or more activated RLC entities, wherein individual RLC entities of the one or more RLC entities include an LCH associated with an LCH configuration of a MAC entity, the LCH configuration including at least two LCH priorities; and said selecting one or more target MAC entities includes: selecting a one or more MAC entities associated with the one or more RLC entities.
[0188] Example 13 includes the method of any of examples 1–10 or some other example herein, wherein: said determining a MAC selection condition includes: determining a presence of one or more buffered PDCP service data units (SDUs) associated with one or more characteristics; and determining, based on said determining a presence of one or more buffered PDCP SDUs associated with one or more characteristics, one or more LCHs wherein each individual LCH of the one or more LCHs is associated with: two or more priorities; and an RLC entity activated for a PDCP duplication operation; and said selecting one or more target MAC entities includes: selecting one or more MAC entities associated with the one or more LCHs.
[0189] Example 12 includes the method of any of examples 1–11 or some other examples herein, wherein said determining one or more buffered PDCP SDUs associated with one or more characteristics includes: determining a buffered PDCP SDU associated with an important PDU set.
[0190] Example 13 includes a method including: detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of a logical channel (LCH) are fulfilled; identifying, based on said detecting the one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled, two or more radio link control (RLC) entities activated for a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) duplication operation; determining one or more RLC entities of the two or more RLC entities activated for the PDCP duplication operation; determining one or more logical channels (LCHs) associated with the one or more RLC entities, wherein each individual LCH of the one or more LCHs is associated with two or more priorities; generating an indication of the priority adjustment; and transmitting the indication of the priority adjustment to one or more target medium access control entity associated with the one or more LCHs.
[0191] Example 14 includes the method of example 13 or some other examples herein, wherein said detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled, includes: determining that a remaining time for a PDCP service data unit (SDU) is less than a threshold; and determining that a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.
[0192] Example 15 includes a method including: detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of a logical channel (LCH) are fulfilled; determining a condition of a buffered packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) service data unit (SDU) ; selecting, based on the condition, one or more radio link control (RLC) entities; generating an indication of the priority adjustment; and transmitting the indication of the priority adjustment to one or more medium access control (MAC) entities associated with the one or more RLC entities.
[0193] Example 16 includes the method of example 15 or some other examples herein, wherein said detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled, includes: determining that a remaining time for a PDCP service data unit (SDU) is less than a threshold; and determining that a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.
[0194] Example 17 includes the method of examples 15 or 16 or some other examples herein, wherein said determining a condition of a buffered PDCP SDU includes: determining whether the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set.
[0195] Example 18 includes the method of any of examples 15–17 or some other examples herein, wherein said determining whether the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set includes determining that the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set, and said selectin, based on the condition, one or more RLC entities comprises selecting, based on determining that the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set, first one or more RLC entities; or said determining whether the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set includes determining that the buffered PDCP SDU does not belong to an important PDU Set, and said selectin, based on the condition, one or more RLC entities comprises selecting, based on determining that the buffered PDCP SDU does not belong to an important PDU Set, second one or more RLC entities.
[0196] Another example may include an apparatus comprising means to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or any other method or process described herein.
[0197] Another example may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising instructions to cause an electronic device, upon execution of the instructions by one or more processors of the electronic device, to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or any other method or process described herein.
[0198] Another example may include an apparatus comprising logic, modules, or circuitry to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or any other method or process described herein.
[0199] Another example may include a method, technique, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions or parts thereof.
[0200] Another example may include an apparatus comprising: one or more processors and one or more computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions thereof.
[0201] Another example may include a signal as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions or parts thereof.
[0202] Another example may include a datagram, information element, packet, frame, segment, PDU, or message as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0203] Another example may include a signal encoded with data as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0204] Another example may include a signal encoded with a datagram, IE, packet, frame, segment, PDU, or message as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0205] Another example may include an electromagnetic signal carrying computer-readable instructions, wherein execution of the computer-readable instructions by one or more processors is to cause the one or more processors to perform the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions thereof.
[0206] Another example may include a computer program comprising instructions, wherein execution of the program by a processing element is to cause the processing element to carry out the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1–18, or portions thereof.
[0207] Another example may include a signal in a wireless network as shown and described herein.
[0208] Another example may include a method of communicating in a wireless network, as shown and described herein.
[0209] Another example may include a system for providing wireless communication, as shown and described herein.
[0210] Another example may include a device for providing wireless communication, as shown and described herein.
[0211] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, any of the above-described examples may be combined with any other example (or combination of examples) . The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from the practice of various embodiments.
[0212] Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
Claims
1.A method comprising:detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of a logical channel (LCH) are fulfilled;generating, based on said detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled, an indication of the priority adjustment;comparing a total data volume to a threshold, wherein the total data volume includes packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) data volume and radio link control (RLC) data volume pending for initial transmission;determining a medium access control (MAC) selection condition based on said comparing the total data volume to the threshold;selecting, based on the MAC selection condition, one or more target MAC entities; andtransmitting the indication of the priority adjustment to the one or more target MAC entities.2.The method of claim 1, wherein said detecting one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled comprises:determining that a remaining time until an expiry of a discard timer for a PDCP service data unit (SDU) is less than a threshold; anddetermining that a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.3.The method of any one of claims 1-2, further comprising:adjusting a priority of an LCH of the one or more target MAC entities.4.The method of claim 3, wherein adjusting a priority of an LCH of the one or more target MAC entities comprises:switching the priority of the LCH of a MAC entity of the one or more target MAC entities from a first LCH priority to a second LCH priority.5.The method of any one of claims 1-2, wherein:said determining a MAC selection condition comprises:determining that the total data volume is larger than the threshold;determining that a second LCH configuration of a second MAC entity includes only one second LCH priority; anddetermining that a first LCH configuration of a first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; andsaid selecting one or more target MAC entities comprises:selecting the first MAC entity.6.The method of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the indication includes information associated with the one or more target MAC entities, or one or more LCHs associated with the one or more target MAC entities.7.The method of any one of claims 1-2, further comprising:determining a first RLC entity having a first LCH and a second RLC entity having a second LCH are associated with a PDCP entity, wherein the first RLC entity is associated with a first MAC entity and the second RLC entity is associated with a second MAC entity.8.The method of claim 7, wherein:said determining a MAC selection condition comprises:determining that the total data volume is larger than the threshold;determining that a second LCH configuration of the second MAC entity includes two or more second LCH priorities; anddetermining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; andsaid selecting one or more target MAC entities comprises:selecting the first and second MAC entities.9.The method of claim 7, wherein:said determining a MAC selection condition comprises:determining that the total data volume is less than the threshold; anddetermining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; andsaid selecting one or more target MAC entities comprises:selecting the first MAC entities.10.The method of claim 7, wherein:said determining a MAC selection condition comprises:determining that the total data volume is greater than the threshold;determining that a second LCH configuration of the second MAC entity includes two or more second LCH priorities;determining that a first LCH configuration of the first MAC entity includes two or more first LCH priorities; andidentifying one or more delay-critical packets; andsaid selecting one or more target MAC entities comprises:selecting the one or more MAC entities associated with the one or more delay-critical packets.11.A baseband processor comprising:processing circuitry to:detect one or more conditions for priority adjustment of a logical channel (LCH) are fulfilled;identify two or more radio link control (RLC) entities activated for a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) duplication operation;determine one or more RLC entities of the two or more RLC entities activated for the PDCP duplication operation;determine one or more logical channels (LCHs) associated with the one or more RLC entities, wherein each individual LCH of the one or more LCHs is associated with two or more priorities;generate an indication of the priority adjustment; andtransmit the indication of the priority adjustment to one or more target medium access control (MAC) entities associated with the one or more LCHs.12.The baseband processor of claim 11, wherein to detect one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled the processing circuitry is to:determine that a remaining time for a PDCP service data unit (SDU) is less than a threshold; anddetermine that a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.13.The baseband processor of any one of claims 11-12, wherein the indication includes information associated with the one or more target MAC entities, or one or more LCHs associated with the one or more target MAC entities.14.One or more computer-readable media having instructions that are to be executed to cause a processing circuitry to:detect one or more conditions for priority adjustment of a logical channel (LCH) are fulfilled;determine a condition of a buffered packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) service data unit (SDU) ;select, based on the condition of the buffered PDCP SDU, a subset of radio link control (RLC) entities from a first subset of RLC entities and a second subset of RLC entities;generate an indication of the priority adjustment; andtransmit the indication of the priority adjustment to one or more target medium access control (MAC) entities associated with the subset of RLC entities.15.The one or more computer-readable media of claim 14, wherein to detect one or more conditions for priority adjustment of an LCH are fulfilled the instructions are to be executed to further cause the processing circuitry to:determine that a remaining time for a PDCP service data unit (SDU) is less than a threshold; anddetermine that a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) associated with the PDCP SDU is submitted to a lower layer.16.The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 14-15, wherein to determine a condition of a buffered PDCP SDU the instructions are to be executed to further cause the processing circuitry to:determine whether the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set.17.The one or more computer-readable media of claim 16, wherein:to determine whether the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set the processing circuitry is to determine that the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set, and to select, based on the condition, a subset of RLC entities the processing circuitry is to select, based on determining that the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set, the first subset of RLC entities; orto determine whether the buffered PDCP SDU belongs to an important PDU Set the processing circuitry is to determine that the buffered PDCP SDU does not belong to an important PDU Set, and to select, based on the condition, one or more RLC entities the processing circuitry is to select, based on determining that the buffered PDCP SDU does not belong to an important PDU Set, the second subset of RLC entities.18.The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 14-15, wherein the indication include information associated with the one or more target MAC entities, or one or more LCHs associated with the one or more target MAC entities.19.The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 14-15, wherein the instructions are to be executed to further cause the processing circuitry to:determine, based on the condition of the buffered PDCP SDU, first set of LCHs associated with a first data radio bearer (DRB) , wherein the first subset of RLC entities is associated with the first set of LCHs; anddetermine second set of LCHs associated with a second DRB, wherein the second subset of RLC entities are associated with the second set of LCHs.20.The one or more computer-readable media of claim 19, wherein the first DRB and the second DRB are same DRB.
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