Method and device for uplink transmission / reception in wireless communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for uplink transmission / reception in a wireless communication system. The method, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, may comprise the steps of: receiving, by a terminal from a base station, first configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block (SIB); transmitting, by the terminal, the first RACH to the base station on the basis of the first configuration information; and receiving, by the terminal from the base station, the on-demand SIB for a first time window and receiving first system information for at least one second time window, on the basis of the first RACH.

Description

Method and device for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and device for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system.

[0002] The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system, the successor to 4G LTE (long-term evolution), is a new, clean-slate mobile communication system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR (New Radio) can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, to intermediate-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and to high-frequency (or millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz. 6G wireless communication systems are being developed based on the underlying technologies of 5G wireless communication.

[0003] The 6G wireless communication system is being developed with the goals of (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity. Considering the requirements of the 6G system, such as a peak data rate of 1 Tbps per device, an end-to-end latency of 1 ms, a maximum spectrum efficiency of 100 bps / Hz, support for mobility of 1000 km / h, satellite integration, artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles, extended reality (XR), and haptic communication, various technologies are being researched.

[0004] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system.

[0005] In addition, an additional technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for transmitting an on-demand system information block 1 (SIB1).

[0006] The technical problems to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0007] A method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include: receiving, by a terminal, from a base station, configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block (SIB); transmitting, by the terminal, the first RACH to the base station based on the first configuration information; and receiving, by the terminal, the on-demand SIB from the base station during a first time window and receiving first system information during at least one second time window based on the first RACH.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may include the steps of: transmitting, by a base station, configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block (SIB) to a terminal; receiving, by the base station, the first RACH from the terminal based on the first configuration information; and transmitting, by the base station, the on-demand SIB to the terminal during a first time window and first system information during at least one second time window based on the first RACH.

[0009] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method and apparatus for performing uplink transmission and reception in a wireless communication system can be provided.

[0010] By various embodiments of the present disclosure, further technical problems of the present disclosure can be solved by providing a method and device for transmitting on-demand SIB1.

[0011] The effects that can be obtained from the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains from the description below.

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and are part of the detailed description to aid in understanding the present disclosure, provide embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description, describe the technical features of the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0016] FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates a communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates a functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0018] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0019] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0020] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0021] FIG. 9 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0022] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0023] FIG. 11 exemplarily illustrates a beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0024] Figures 12 and 13 illustrate examples of NTN scenarios to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0025] FIG. 14 illustrates examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0026] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of cell DTX / DRX operation to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0027] FIG. 16 illustrates an example of carrier aggregation (CA) operation including an SSB-less cell to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0028] FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a conditional handover operation to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0029] FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a procedure for CSI measurement and reporting to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0030] FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 20 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description set forth below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present disclosure may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details.

[0033] In some cases, to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in block diagram form focusing on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0034] In the present disclosure, when a component is said to be "connected," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, this may include not only a direct connection but also an indirect connection in which another component exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" or "has" in the present disclosure specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0035] In this disclosure, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc. are used only to distinguish one component from another and are not used to limit the components, and do not limit the order or importance between the components unless specifically stated otherwise. Accordingly, within the scope of this disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0036] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims. As used in the description of the embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0037] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0038] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0039] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0040] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0041] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information."

[0042] In the following explanation, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0043] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0044] In the present disclosure, a terminal or user equipment (UE) may be a portable device and may be a first node that receives a signal from a base station / second node / IAB (integrated access backhaul) node.

[0045] In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may be a second node / IAB node / Transmission-Reception Point (TRP).

[0046] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters configured, pre-configured, or pre-defined for the terminal. For example, a base station or a network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0047] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB (system information block), MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set to a device through separate signaling or being defined in advance without separate signaling.

[0048] In the present disclosure, transmitting or receiving a channel means transmitting or receiving information or a signal through the channel. For example, transmitting a control channel means transmitting control information or a signal through the control channel. Similarly, transmitting a data channel means transmitting data information or a signal through the data channel.

[0049] The technology described in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0050] The technology described in the present disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, the 6G system can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0051] Network structure

[0052] Figure 1 illustrates a flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0053] To compensate for incomplete network coverage areas, a network topology that allows for more flexible and resilient split radio access networks (RANs) may be considered. For this purpose, various nodes, such as integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, relays, and radio frequency (RF) repeaters, as illustrated in Figure 1, may be applied, or a non-terrestrial network (NTN) may be integrated. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a node that provides wireless backhaul. For example, a relay may refer to any intermediate point, and in the case of a sidelink relay where a terminal functions as a relay, it may collectively refer to a terminal-to-network (U2N) relay and a terminal-to-terminal (U2U) relay. For example, an RF repeater may correspond to a node that simply performs the function of signal amplification and forwarding, or in the case of a network-controlled repeater, it may not only amplify and forward signals but also adjust its transmission and reception settings based on information provided by the network. For example, NTN nodes could be satellites or aircraft that provide NTN coverage that terrestrial networks struggle to provide. Beyond these examples, various intermediate points can be introduced to improve the network topology.

[0054] Referring to Figure 1, a split RAN can support the division of a base station into a centralized unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DUs). The CU and DU can correspond to logical units. The CU can be further divided into a control plane (CP) portion and one or more user plane (UP) portions. Since a failure in the CU-CP affects not only the CU-UP but also the DUs, various intermediate points can be introduced to compensate for this.

[0055] An intermediate point may correspond to a terminal or a base station, depending on its relationship to other nodes. For example, an IAB node may include a mobile-termination (MT) portion and a unit (DU). The MT may connect the IAB node to a donor node. The unit (DU) of an IAB node may serve other terminals or connect to other IAB nodes to provide multi-hop wireless backhaul to the terminal. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a base station in its relationship to a user-side node, and to a terminal in its relationship to a network-side node.

[0056] In some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a terminal may equally apply not only to a user-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a terminal in a relative relationship with a network-side endpoint. Similarly, in some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a base station may equally apply not only to a network-side endpoint, but also to an intermediate point corresponding to a base station in a relative relationship with a user-side endpoint. In most cases where there is no additional description of the operations of three or more entities, the communicating entities in the present disclosure are briefly described as terminals and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes), where the terms terminal and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes) are interpreted to include / replace any endpoint or any intermediate point in relation to other nodes.

[0057] As such, in some examples of the present disclosure, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the subjects of the operation may be referred to as terminals and / or base stations (or first nodes and / or second nodes). In addition, the terms terminal and / or base station (or first node and / or second node) may also be interpreted / replaced as in the following examples: For example, the terminal (or first node) and the base station (or second node) may respectively correspond to the first endpoint and the second endpoint; may respectively correspond to the endpoint and the intermediate point; may respectively correspond to the intermediate point and the endpoint; or may respectively correspond to the first intermediate point and the second intermediate point.

[0058] In the present disclosure, there may be zero or more intermediate points between the base station and the terminal. If an intermediate point exists, it may correspond to an IAB node / relay / RF repeater / NTN node, or a node supporting other functions. The intermediate point may be a node with a fixed location or a node with an unfixed location.

[0059] Systems applicable to this disclosure

[0060] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0061] The communication system (100) applied to the present disclosure includes a wireless device (110), a network device (120), and a network (130). Here, the wireless device (110) refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G / 6G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device (110) may include a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR (extended reality) device (110c), a hand-held device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (110f), and an AI (artificial intelligence) device / server (110g). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2) may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device (110c) includes an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device (110d) may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance (110e) may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device (110f) may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. The wireless device (110) may correspond to a terminal (or first node) or an intermediate point.The network device (120) may correspond to a base station (or a second node) or another intermediate point. For example, the network device (120) may also be implemented as a wireless device (110), and a specific wireless device (120a) may act as a network device (120) to another wireless device (110).

[0062] Wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to a network (130) via a network device (120). AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices (110a to 110f), and the wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to an AI server (110g) via a network (130). The network (130) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR), or a 6G network. The wireless devices (110a to 110f) can communicate with each other via the network device (120) / network (130), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the network device (120) / network (130). For example, vehicles (110b-1, 110b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle to vehicle) / V2X (vehicle to everything) communication). Additionally, an IoT device (110f) (e.g., a sensor) can communicate directly with another IoT device (e.g., a sensor) or another wireless device (110a to 110f).

[0063] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (110a to 110f) / network devices (120), network devices (120) / network devices (120). Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established through various wireless access technologies such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and communication between network devices (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access backhaul)). Through the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), the wireless device and the network device / wireless device, and the network device and the network device can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, the wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various descriptions of the present disclosure, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc., may be performed.

[0064] Device applicable to the present disclosure

[0065] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G). The wireless device (200) includes at least one processor (202) and at least one memory (204), and may additionally include at least one transceiver (206) and / or at least one antenna (208).

[0067] The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may store software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via at least one antenna (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0068] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, at least one protocol layer may be implemented by at least one processor (202). For example, at least one processor (202) may implement at least one layer (e.g., a functional layer such as physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC), and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP)). At least one processor (202) may generate at least one Protocol Data Unit (PDU) and / or at least one Service Data Unit (SDU) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate a message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) can generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) comprising a PDU, an SDU, a message, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this document, and provide the signal to at least one transceiver (206). At least one processor (202) can receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from at least one transceiver (206) and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0069] At least one processor (202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. The at least one processor (202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, at least one application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), at least one digital signal processor (DSP), at least one digital signal processing device (DSPD), at least one programmable logic device (PLD), or at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be included in the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the at least one processor (202), or may be stored in at least one memory (204) and driven by the at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0070] At least one memory (204) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and / or commands. The at least one memory (204) can be configured as a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, a hard drive, a register, a cache memory, a computer readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. The at least one memory (204) can be located internally and / or externally to the at least one processor (202). In addition, the at least one memory (204) can be connected to the at least one processor (202) via various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0071] At least one transceiver (206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document to at least one other device. At least one transceiver (206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document from at least one other device. For example, at least one transceiver (206) can be connected to at least one processor (202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to at least one other device. Furthermore, at least one processor (202) can control at least one transceiver (206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from at least one other device. Additionally, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one antenna (208), and at least one transceiver (206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document via at least one antenna (208). In this document, at least one antenna may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the received wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using at least one processor (202).At least one transceiver (206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by at least one processor (202) from a baseband signal to an RF band signal. For this purpose, at least one transceiver (206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0072] The components of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 may be referred to by different terms in terms of functionality. For example, the processor (202) may be referred to as a control unit, the transceiver (206) as a communication unit, and the memory (204) as a storage unit. In some cases, the communication unit may be used to mean at least a portion of the processor (202) and the transceiver (206).

[0073] The structure of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 can be understood as the structure of at least a portion of various devices. For example, the structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 can be at least a portion of various devices described with reference to FIG. 2 (e.g., a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR device (110c), a portable device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT device (110f), an AI device / server (110g)). Furthermore, according to various embodiments, in addition to the components illustrated in FIG. 3, the device may further include other components.

[0074] For example, the device may be a portable device such as a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an interface unit that includes at least one port for connection with another device (e.g., an audio input / output port, a video input / output port), and an input / output unit for inputting and outputting image information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user.

[0075] For example, the device may be a mobile device such as a mobile robot, a vehicle, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a driving unit including at least one of an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, and a steering unit of the device, a power supply unit including a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. that supplies power, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, an autonomous driving unit that performs functions such as path maintenance, speed control, and destination setting, and a position measurement unit that obtains location information of the mobile device through a global positioning system (GPS) and various sensors.

[0076] For example, the device may be an XR device such as an HMD, a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an input / output unit that obtains control information, data, etc. from the outside and outputs the generated XR object, and a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or the surroundings of the device.

[0077] For example, the device may be a robot that can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. types depending on the purpose or field of use. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a driving unit that performs various physical actions, such as moving the robot joints.

[0078] For example, the device may be an AI device such as a TV, a projector, a smartphone, a PC, a laptop, a digital broadcasting terminal, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of an input unit that acquires various types of data from the outside, an output unit that generates output related to sight, hearing, or touch, a sensor unit that senses status information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a training unit that trains a model composed of an artificial neural network using learning data.

[0079] The structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be understood as a part of a terminal (or first node), or as a part of an intermediate point, or as a part of a base station (or second node). If the device illustrated in FIG. 3 is a base station (or second node), the device may further include a wired transceiver for front haul and / or back haul communications. If the front haul and / or back haul communications are based on wireless communications, at least one transceiver (206) illustrated in FIG. 3 may be used for front haul and / or backhaul communications, and a wired transceiver may not be included.

[0080] Communication procedures

[0081] FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates a communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0082] FIG. 4 illustrates operations of a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (120) (e.g., a base station) transmitting and / or receiving data and operations performed prior thereto.

[0083] In step S101, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform synchronization. For example, the terminal (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the terminal (110) can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted from the base station (120) according to a predefined rule. Here, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal) classified according to a structure or purpose. Through this, the terminal (110) can confirm the boundaries of the frame, subframe, slot, and / or symbol of the base station (120) and obtain information (e.g., a cell identifier) ​​about the base station (120).

[0084] In step S103, the first node (110) can obtain system information transmitted from the second node (120). For example, the system information is information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to access the base station (120) and use the service, and can be classified according to the content (e.g., whether it is essential for access), transmission structure (e.g., channel used, whether it is provided in an on-demand manner), etc., and can be classified into, for example, a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). If necessary, the terminal (110) can transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. Such requesting and providing of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0085] In step S105, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform a random access procedure. For example, the terminal (110) can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response (RAR) message, etc.) for a random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the base station (120) obtained through system information (e.g., channel position, channel structure, structure of a supported preamble, etc.). For example, the terminal (110) may transmit a preamble (e.g., message 1 (MSG1)) over a random access channel, receive a random access response (RAR) message (e.g., message 2 (MSG2)), transmit a message (e.g., message 3 (MSG3)) including information related to the terminal (110) (e.g., identification information) using scheduling information included in the RAR message to the base station (120), and receive a message for contention resolution and / or connection establishment (e.g., message 4 (MSG4)). As another example, MSG1 and MSG3 may be transmitted and received as one message (e.g., message A (MSG A)), or MSG2 and MSG4 may be transmitted and received as one message (e.g., message B (MSG B)).

[0086] In step S107, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform signaling of control information. For example, the control information can be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transmission channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and signaling for indicating allocated resources.

[0087] In step S109, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can transmit and / or receive data. For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on information bits. For example, when receiving data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0088] 6G system core technologies

[0089] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optics (FSO) backhaul network, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0090] artificial intelligence

[0091] Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0092] FIG. 5 illustrates a functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0093] Below, to explain AI (or AI / ML (machine learning)) in more detail, the terms can be defined as follows.

[0094] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals as a basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0095] - AI model: A data-driven algorithm that applies AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0096] - AI / ML training: An online or offline process of training an AI model by learning features and patterns that best represent the data and obtain a trained AI / ML model for inference.

[0097] - AI / ML inference: The process of making predictions or inducing decisions based on collected data and the AI ​​model using a trained AI model.

[0098] Referring to FIG. 5, the data collection function (10) is a function that collects input data and provides processed input data to the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30).

[0099] Examples of input data may include measurements from terminals or other network entities, feedback from actors, and output from AI models.

[0100] The data collection function (10) performs data preparation based on input data and provides input data processed through the data preparation. Here, the data collection function (10) does not perform data preparation specific to each AI algorithm (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation), but can perform data preparation common to all AI algorithms.

[0101] After the data preparation process is performed, the data collection function (10) may provide training data (11) to the model training function (20) and may provide inference data (12) to the model inference function (30). Here, the training data (11) may correspond to data required as input for the AI ​​model training function (20), and the inference data (12) may correspond to data required as input for the AI ​​model inference function (30).

[0102] The data collection function (10) may be performed by a single entity (e.g., a terminal, a RAN node, a network node, etc.), but may also be performed by multiple entities. In this case, training data (11) and inference data (12) may be provided to the model training function (20) and model inference function (30), respectively, from multiple entities.

[0103] The model training function (20) may correspond to a function that performs AI model training, validation, and testing, which can generate model performance metrics as part of the AI ​​model testing procedure. If necessary, the model training function (20) may also be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation, etc.) based on training data (11) provided by the data collection function (10).

[0104] Here, model deployment / update (13) can be used to initially deploy a trained, validated and tested AI model to the model inference function (30) or to provide an updated model to the model inference function (30).

[0105] The model inference function (30) may correspond to a function that provides AI model inference output (16) (e.g., prediction or decision). If applicable, the model inference function (30) may provide model performance feedback (14) to the model training function (20). In addition, the model inference function (30) may also be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting and transformation, etc.) based on inference data (12) provided by the data collection function (10), if necessary.

[0106] Here, output (16) refers to the inference output of the AI ​​model generated by the model inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0107] Model performance feedback (14) can be used to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model, if available, and this feedback may be omitted.

[0108] An actor function (40) is a function that receives an output (16) from a model inference function (30) and triggers or performs a corresponding task / action. The actor function (40) can trigger tasks / actions for other entities (e.g., one or more terminals, one or more RAN nodes, one or more network nodes, etc.) or for itself.

[0109] Feedback (15) can be used to derive training data (11), inference data (12), or to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model, its impact on the network, etc.

[0110] Meanwhile, the definitions of training / validation / test in data sets used in AI / ML can be distinguished as follows.

[0111] - Training data: refers to a data set for learning a model.

[0112] - Validation data: This refers to a dataset used to validate a model that has already completed training. Validation data can typically be used to prevent overfitting of the training data set. It can also be used to select the best model among the various models learned during the training process. Therefore, validation can be considered a type of learning.

[0113] - Test data: This refers to the data set for final evaluation. This data is unrelated to learning.

[0114] For example, the training and validation data can be divided into an 8:2 or 7:3 ratio within the entire data set. Alternatively, the training data:validation data:test data can be divided into a 6:2:2 ratio within the entire data set.

[0115] The level of cooperation can be defined as follows depending on whether the base station and the terminal have capabilities for AI / ML functions, and variations due to combination of multiple levels or separation of any one level are also possible.

[0116] Category 0a: This category corresponds to a no-collaboration framework. In this case, AI / ML algorithms are purely implementation-based and may not require any changes to the wireless interface.

[0117] Category 0b: Frameworks that involve a wireless interface modified to fit efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms, but without collaboration.

[0118] Category 1: This category applies to cases where inter-node support is required to improve the AI / ML algorithms of each node. For example, this applies when a terminal receives support from a base station (for training, adaptation, etc.), and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0119] Category 2: This applies to cases where joint ML tasks can be performed between terminals and base stations. This level requires exchange of AI / ML model commands or network nodes.

[0120] The functions exemplified in FIG. 5 above may be implemented in a RAN node (e.g., a base station, a TRP, a CU of a base station, etc.), a network node, an OAM (operation administration maintenance) of a network operator, or a terminal.

[0121] Alternatively, two or more entities, such as a RAN, a network node, a network operator's OAM, or a terminal, may cooperate to implement the functions illustrated in FIG. 5. For example, one entity may perform some of the functions of FIG. 5, and another entity may perform the remaining functions. In this way, since some of the functions illustrated in FIG. 5 are performed by a single entity (e.g., a terminal, a RAN node, a network node, etc.), the transmission / provision of data / information between each function may be omitted. For example, if the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30) are performed by the same entity, the transmission / provision of model deployment / update (13) and model performance feedback (14) may be omitted.

[0122] Alternatively, any one of the functions illustrated in FIG. 5 may be performed collaboratively by two or more entities, including a RAN, a network node, a network operator's OAM, or a terminal. This may be referred to as a split AI operation.

[0123] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0124] For example, the AI ​​model training function may be performed by a network node (e.g., a core network node, an OAM of a network operator, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function may be performed by a RAN node (e.g., a base station, a TRP, a CU of a base station, etc.).

[0125] Step 1: RAN node 1 and RAN node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for AI model training to the network node. Here, RAN node 1 and RAN node 2 can also transmit data collected from the terminal (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP (reference signal received power), RSRQ (reference signal received quality), SINR (signal to interference-plus-noise ratio) of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, speed, etc.) to the network node.

[0126] Step 2: Network nodes can train AI models using the received training data.

[0127] Step 3: The network node may distribute / update the AI ​​model to RAN node 1 and / or RAN node 2. RAN node 1 (and / or RAN node 2) may also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0128] For convenience of explanation, we assume that the AI ​​model is deployed / updated only to RAN node 1.

[0129] Step 4: RAN node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN node 2.

[0130] Step 5: RAN node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0131] Step 6: If applicable, RAN node 1 may send model performance feedback to the network nodes.

[0132] Step 7: RAN node 1, RAN node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN node 1 and RAN node 2') may perform actions based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing operation, the terminal may move from RAN node 1 to RAN node 2.

[0133] Step 8: RAN node 1 and RAN node 2 can transmit feedback information to the network nodes.

[0134] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0135] For example, both AI model training functions and AI model inference functions can be performed by RAN nodes (e.g., base stations, TRPs, CUs of base stations, etc.).

[0136] Step 1: The terminal and RAN node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for AI model training to RAN node 1.

[0137] Step 2: RAN node 1 can train an AI model using the received training data.

[0138] Step 3: RAN node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN node 2.

[0139] Step 4: RAN node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0140] Step 5: RAN node 1, RAN node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN node 1 and RAN node 2') may perform actions based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing operation, the terminal may move from RAN node 1 to RAN node 2.

[0141] Step 6: RAN node 2 may transmit feedback information to RAN node 1.

[0142] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0143] For example, the AI ​​model training function may be performed by a RAN node (e.g., a base station, a TRP, a CU of a base station, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function may be performed by a terminal.

[0144] Step 1: The terminal may transmit input data (e.g., training data) for AI model training to the RAN node. Here, the RAN node may collect data (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP, RSRQ, SINR of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, speed, etc.) from various terminals and / or from other RAN nodes.

[0145] Step 2: RAN nodes can train AI models using the received training data.

[0146] Step 3: The RAN node can distribute / update the AI ​​model to the terminal. The terminal can also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0147] Step 4: Input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference can be received from the terminal and RAN node (and / or from another terminal).

[0148] Step 5: The terminal can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0149] Step 6: If applicable, the terminal may send model performance feedback to the RAN node.

[0150] Step 7: The terminal and RAN node can perform actions based on the output data.

[0151] Step 8: The terminal may transmit feedback information to the RAN node.

[0152] THz communication (terahertz communication)

[0153] Data transmission rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communications with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (the sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase 6G cellular capacity. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

[0154] FIG. 9 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0155] Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) the high path loss at high frequencies (which necessitates highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0156] Transmitting system information (e.g., MIB) in a cell in the THz frequency band can be inefficient because the beam width in high-frequency bands narrows, requiring more beam sweeps to cover the entire cell area. This method is particularly inefficient when there are only a few users within the cell.

[0157] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0158] The example of Fig. 10 is applicable not only to THz communication environments but also to 6G communication environments where THz communication is not applicable. Furthermore, the procedure illustrated in Fig. 10 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. For example, the embodiments described below can be performed based on system information acquired through the procedure illustrated in Fig. 10.

[0159] In step S1010, the second node (120) (e.g., base station) can transmit system information of cell #1 via cell #2. For example, the base station provides at least two cells, cell #1 uses a THz frequency band, and cell #2 uses a frequency band other than the THz frequency band. Here, the system information may include at least one of an SFN (system frame number), a PDCCH configuration for SIB1, cell barring, cell re-selection, and subcarrier spacing generated in a higher layer, and may include at least one of an SFN, a half frame indicator, and an SSB index (synchronization signal / PBCH (physical broadcast channel) block index) generated in a physical layer. For this purpose, as an example, cell #1 and cell #2 may have a relationship of a secondary cell and a primary cell.

[0160] At step S1030, the first node (110) (e.g., terminal) can acquire synchronization for cell #1. Synchronization can be acquired by detecting a synchronization signal. Typically, synchronization is acquired before receiving system information, but since the system information for cell #1 is received from cell #2, synchronization acquisition for cell #1 can be performed after receiving the system information. For example, the terminal can acquire synchronization based on the system information. Alternatively, synchronization acquisition can be performed before step S1010.

[0161] At step S1050, the first node (110) may transmit a signal for accessing cell #1. For example, the signal may include a random access preamble. The structure of this signal and the resources (e.g., channels) for transmitting the signal may be identified through system information. Thereafter, at step S1070, the first node (110) and the second node (120) may perform an access procedure for cell #1 and communicate.

[0162] The procedure described with reference to FIG. 10 may be performed when the first node (110) initially connects to cell #1 of the second node (120). Alternatively, a similar procedure may be performed when the first node (110) hands over to cell #1 of the second node (120). However, in the case of handover, the system information of cell #1 may be received from a cell of a base station other than cell #2 of the second node (120).

[0163] Communications in the THz band are expected to experience extremely severe path loss, and to overcome this, terminals and base stations may be required to use very sharp beams. The use of sharp beams means that terminals and base stations must perform beam control in addition to beamforming, and the number of beams used increases significantly. Consequently, it takes a very long time to align the transmit and receive beams between the base station and terminals. Furthermore, if the beam alignment between the base station and terminals is misaligned due to movement or movement of the terminals, frequent re-alignment of the beams may be required, resulting in link instability.

[0164] FIG. 11 exemplarily illustrates a beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0165] Although FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a procedure for searching and / or selecting beams for THz communication, this procedure is not limited to a THz environment and can also be applied to a 6G communication environment where THz communication is not applied.

[0166] Here, beam may be interpreted as other terms having equivalent technical meanings that can distinguish beams, such as 'spatial domain filter', 'spatial domain transmit filter', 'spatial domain receive filter', reference signal (RS) resource that distinguishes beams, SSB index, etc.

[0167] In step S1110, the second node (120) (e.g., a base station) may set resources for beam management to the first node (110) (e.g., a terminal). Here, the resources may include at least one of time-frequency resources, channels, and spatial resources (e.g., antenna ports). For example, the base station may utilize a beam search signal (BSS) that is transmitted spatially separated from an existing downlink signal / channel for beam search. Here, the BSS may be transmitted based on a dedicated port for beam search. The dedicated port may be a different port from a port for transmitting an existing downlink signal / channel (e.g., SSB, PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), etc.). BSS is a term defined for convenience of explanation, and the technical concept according to the present embodiment is not limited to the term BSS itself. For example, a signal transmitted based on a dedicated port defined / set for beam search may be included in the technical concept according to the present embodiment.

[0168] In step S1130, the second node (120) (e.g., base station) transmits measurement signals using a plurality of transmission beams. For example, the measurement signals may include at least one of a reference signal and a synchronization signal. At this time, the measurement signals may be transmitted as many times as the number of beams that require measurement, and may also be transmitted in a multi-beam transmission method that forms a plurality of beams simultaneously to reduce sweeping time. Here, the multi-beam transmission may be performed based on at least one of a multi-panel, a sub-array, and a true time delay (TTD).

[0169] In step S1050, a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) may transmit a feedback signal to a second node (120) (e.g., a base station). The feedback signal may indicate at least one beam selected by the terminal. The terminal may select at least one preferred beam based on the measurement signals received in step S1030.

[0170] In step S1070, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform communication. For example, the second node (120) can perform transmission to the first node (110) using the reception beam of the first node (110) selected in step S1050. If channel reciprocity is established, the transmission beam of the first node (110) can also be determined through steps S1030 and S1050, so that the transmission operation from the first node (110) can also be performed using a beam that has a reciprocal relationship with the beam selected in step S1050. If channel reciprocity is not established, a procedure including transmission of measurement signal(s) by the first node (110) and transmission of feedback signal(s) by the second node (120) may be performed first to determine the transmission beam of the first node (110).

[0171] non-terrestrial networks (NTN)

[0172] Figures 12 and 13 illustrate examples of NTN scenarios to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0173] NTN can represent a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform).

[0174] Figure 12 shows an example of a typical scenario of NTN based on transparent payload, and Figure 13 shows an example of a typical scenario of NTN based on regenerative payload.

[0175] Referring to Figure 12, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. The satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can be connected to a data network via the gateway. The beam footprint can refer to the area where the signal transmitted by the satellite can be received.

[0176] Referring to Figure 13, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a terminal can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on the regenerated payload, the satellite can be connected to a data network through another satellite and the gateway. If an ISL does not exist between the satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required.

[0177] Figures 12 and 13 are only examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerative (e.g., with onboard processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams across a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) can vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle.

[0178] For example, a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may remain unchanged.

[0179] For example, a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to mounting all or part of a base station function on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0180] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0181] Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (or range) of an object, and thus obtain information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a networked device to connect to the object, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services, such as sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing offers an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communications network to a wireless communication and sensing network.

[0182] FIG. 14 illustrates examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0183] Specifically, Fig. 14(a) shows an example of a monostatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located in the same location. Fig. 14(b) shows an example of a bistatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located in separate locations. A sensing signal transmitted from a sensing transmitter is reflected / scattered by a sensing object, and the sensing receiver can receive the signal, and extract / obtain sensing data based on the received signal. A sensing result can be generated / determined through appropriate processing of the sensing data. The sensing result can be provided to a trusted third-party entity / service outside the 3GPP system through an entity / service within the 3GPP system.

[0184] Network Energy Saving (NES)

[0185] Energy conservation at base stations is a key consideration in wireless communication systems, including 3GPP, as it can contribute to building eco-friendly networks by reducing carbon emissions and reducing operational expenditures (OPEX) for telecommunications providers. In particular, the introduction of 5G communications will require higher transmission rates, necessitating base stations to be equipped with more antennas and provide services over wider bandwidths and frequency bands. Consequently, recent studies have shown that base station energy costs have reached as high as 20% of total OPEX. For example, various technologies for reducing energy consumption in 5G wireless communication systems are being discussed under the term "network energy savings" (NES).

[0186] Depending on the application of NES technology, the base station can perform operations such as controlling on / off for a certain time duration in the time domain, controlling transmission / reception resources for terminal-common or terminal-specific signals / channels, changing the amount of frequency domain resources, controlling transmission power, or turning on / off an antenna port, transmission-reception point (TRP), etc. in the spatial domain.

[0187] For example, a base station may identify the NES solution(s) to be applied, perform signaling to the NES, and perform actions on the NES.

[0188] NES solution(s) may be related to control of signal transmission and reception (e.g., on / off), beam operation, handover procedures, channel measurement, and reporting. The NES solution(s) to be applied may be adaptively selected or predefined based on current conditions (e.g., cell load level, characteristics of connected terminals, etc.).

[0189] A base station that has identified NES solution(s) performs signaling for the NES. The specific signaling procedure may vary depending on the identified NES solution(s). For example, the base station may transmit common information about the NES solution(s), transmit configuration information necessary for NES operation to at least one terminal, or transmit control information regarding the progress of NES operation to at least one terminal. In addition, the base station may receive capability information related to the NES from at least one terminal.

[0190] Based on the signaled NES-related information, the base station can perform operations for the NES. For example, based on system information, configuration information, and control information transmitted via signaling, the base station can turn on / off transmission and reception of specific signals, turn on / off elements in the spatial domain, or adjust resources for transmission and reception of measurement signals.

[0191] Examples of NES solutions that can be implemented using these procedures include:

[0192] Intra-system energy saving: A RAN node may request a neighboring RAN node to switch at least one SSB beam into its inactive cell, or may perform paging using a limited set of beams to an inactive terminal (e.g., a stationary terminal).

[0193] Inter-system energy savings: NG-RAN nodes that own capacity booster cells can autonomously transition those cells to an inactive state.

[0194] SSB-less cells: If SSB or SSB-based RRM (radio resource management) measurement timing configuration (SMTC) configuration is not provided for a specific cell (e.g., secondary cell (SCell) or primary cell (PCell)), the UE may obtain timing reference and automatic gain control (AGC) source from another serving cell. In frequency range 1 (FR1) or FR2, the base station may configure intra-band carrier aggregation (CA) or inter-band CA including cells without SSB transmission, in which case SSB / SIB transmission may be triggered by a wake up signal (WUS) of the UE. Accordingly, since the period of common channels / signals such as SSB is increased, the base station may stay in sleep state for a longer time.

[0195] Cell DTX (discontinuous transmission) / DRX (discontinuous reception): In order to reduce the downlink transmission / uplink reception activity time of the base station, a periodic cell DTX / DRX pattern (e.g., active and inactive periods) may be commonly configured for terminals within a cell having the feature. Here, the cell DTX pattern and the cell DRX pattern may be configured and activated separately, and up to two cell DTX / DRX patterns may be configured per MAC entity. When cell DTX is configured and activated, at least one of monitoring for a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) opportunity or monitoring a PDCCH may be stopped during the cell DTX inactivity period. When cell DRX is configured and activated, at least one of transmission on a configured grant (CG) resource or transmission of a scheduling request (SR) may be stopped during the cell DRX inactivity period. Cell DTX / DRX can be activated / deactivated via RRC signaling or L1 (layer 1) group common signaling.

[0196] Parameters such as active duration and cycle may be configured for cell DTX / DRX. Active duration is the period during which the UE receives a PDCCH or SPS opportunity and waits to transmit SR or CG, and cycle may specify the periodic repetition of the active duration and inactive duration. When both cell DTX and cell DRX are configured, parameters such as active duration and cycle may be common. If the base station recognizes an emergency call or a public safety-related service (e.g., multimedia priority service (MPS) or mission critical service (MCS)), the network may release or deactivate the cell DTX / DRX configuration so as not to affect the service. In addition, at least some overlap may be required between the active period of the connected mode DRX of the UE and the active period of the cell DTX / DRX. For example, the connected mode DRX cycle of the UE may be a multiple of the cell DTX / DRX cycle, or vice versa.

[0197] Conditional handover (CHO): A CHO procedure performed in a manner in which the execution of a handover is determined by the UE may be used while NES technology is applied (e.g., when the cell activates or deactivates cell DTX / DRX). In this case, the UE may use an NES-specific CHO event to initiate CHO to a candidate cell, and reception of a DCI activating the CHO condition(s) set by the NES event indication may be applied as an additional triggering condition for this.

[0198] Spatial and Power Domain Adaptation: To support the base station for transceiver muting and / or transmit power adaptation, the UE may be configured to report multiple CSI quantities in a CSI report based on multiple sub-configurations. Each sub-configuration corresponds to a spatial domain adaptation pattern (e.g., a subset of available spatial elements) and / or a power offset between a data channel (e.g., PDSCH) and CSI-RS. Depending on the application of the spatial and power domain adaptation solution, the CSI configuration, measurement, and / or reporting behavior may be affected.

[0199] Cell DTX / DRX

[0200] To enable base stations to operate in sleep mode for relatively long periods of time without frequent wake-ups, base station DTX / DRX has been introduced for NES purposes. The base station can reduce energy consumption by utilizing DTX transmission under low system load conditions by configuring cell DTX and setting the on-duration of terminals' C-DRX within the active period of the cell DTX.

[0201] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of cell DTX / DRX operation to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0202] A second node (120) (e.g., a base station) can transmit system information to a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal). Accordingly, the first node (110) can check information related to the cell DTX / DRX of the second node (120).

[0203] For example, system information may include MIB, SIB1, etc. In relation to NES technology, MIB may include information related to cell barring (e.g., cellBarred), and SIB1 may include information related to cell barring state (e.g., cellBarredNES). For example, if cellBarred included in MIB is set to a value indicating that it is not barred (e.g., notBarred), a terminal may determine that the cell is not barred, regardless of whether it supports NES cell DTX / DRX. For example, if cellBarred included in received MIB is set to a value indicating that the cell is barred (e.g., barred), a terminal that does not support NES cell DTX / DRX may determine that the cell is barred.

[0204] For example, if a terminal has a capability to support NES cell DTX / DRX, the terminal can check SIB1 to determine a cell barring status. For example, if cellBarred of MIB is set to barred and cellBarredNES is absent in SIB1, a terminal supporting NES cell DTX / DRX can treat the cell as barred and perform cell reselection to another cell. For example, if cellBarred of MIB is set to barred and cellBarredNES is included in SIB1, a terminal supporting NES cell DTX / DRX can determine that the cell is not barred.

[0205] In the example of FIG. 15, it is assumed that the terminal has the capability to support NES cell DTX / DRX, and cellBarred of MIB is set to notBarred, or cellBarred of MIB is set to barred and SIB1 includes cellBarredNES. Accordingly, the terminal can perform a random access procedure to connect to the base station, and then perform communication. For example, the base station can perform a cell DTX / DRX operation, and transmit configuration information related to the cell DTX / DRX operation to the terminal. The configuration information related to the cell DTX / DRX operation (e.g., CellDTXDRX-Config) includes at least one parameter related to the cell DTX / DRX, and may include, for example, at least one of an on-duration timer, a cycle start offset, a slot offset, a configuration type (e.g., DTX, DRX, or DTX-DRX), and an activation state of the DTX / DRX (e.g., active, inactive). Additionally, the configuration information may further include information for receiving and interpreting cell DRX / DRX-related control information (e.g., cellDTRX-RNTI included in physicalCellGroupConfig, DCI-related information such as the size of DCI format 2_9, etc.).

[0206] Thereafter, the base station can transmit control information related to cell DTX / DRX to the terminal. The control information related to cell DTX / DRX can include DCI having a designated format (e.g., DCI format 2_9). If an operation for a serving cell according to at least one of a cell DTX operation and a cell DRX operation is configured by configuration information (e.g., cellDTXDRX-Config included in secvingcell-config), the terminal can check a set of search spaces (e.g., a Type3-PDCCH CSS set) for monitoring a PDCCH conveying control information of a designated format during an active time through a higher layer parameter (e.g., SearchSpace included in PDCCH-Config), and can obtain a location of information about the serving cell within the control information through a higher layer parameter (e.g., positionInDCI-cellDTRX included in SecvingCell-config). Then, the terminal can obtain control information based on the identified set of search spaces and the location.

[0207] Control information related to cell DTX / DRX may be used to indicate activation or deactivation of cell DTX and / or cell DRX, and / or to provide NES-mode indicators (e.g., NES-specific CHO execution conditions, etc.), and may include, for example, at least one block including a cell DTX / DRX indicator and an NES-mode indicator. In this case, when the serving cell is configured as a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier, the indication of activation or deactivation of cell DRX by the cell DTX / DRX indicator may be applied to both the uplink (UL) carrier and the SUL carrier.

[0208] After that, the terminal and the base station can perform communication based on the cell DTX / DRX. Specifically, the base station can turn on / off the transmission and reception of signals according to the settings related to the cell DTX / DRX, so that the terminal can selectively monitor the signal from the base station. During the DTX-OFF duration, the base station can enter a sleep mode to reduce energy consumption. For example, the base station DTX cycle can be aligned with the cycle of the terminal DRX. The base station DTX-ON duration can completely cover the DRX-ON duration of the terminal. Furthermore, the base station can align the transmission on Xn (base station-to-base station interface) / NG (interface between 5G RAN and 5G core network) and the transmission on Uu (interface between terminal and network) for NES purposes. The DTX / DRX mechanism triggers switching of reference signal resource sets, and the base station can perform a dormancy-like behavior of rarely or not transmitting SSB, SIB, and CSI-RS to reduce energy consumption. The terminal can rarely or not receive downlink signals / channels depending on the configuration of the base station. Once the base station DTX / DRX operation is triggered, the terminal can discontinuously receive the corresponding CSI-RS, SSB, or PDCCH during the DTX / DRX OFF duration.

[0209] SSB-less cells

[0210] FIG. 16 illustrates an example of carrier aggregation (CA) operation including an SSB-less cell to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0211] In the example of Figure 16, it is assumed that the SSB-less cell is an SCell in the CA, but the SSB-less cell may also be a PCell in the CA.

[0212] A second node (120) (e.g., a base station) can transmit configuration information for an SCell to a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal). For example, the base station can transmit configuration information for CA to provide a service to the terminal through a CA operation. Here, the CA operation may be an intra-band CA or an inter-band CA. For example, the configuration information for an SCell may include information (e.g., sCellToAddModList) including information for adding an SCell, and specifically, may include a cell index, a physical cell identifier, information related to DL-UL configuration, information related to BWP, information related to cell DTX / DRX, information related to downlink frequency (e.g., FrequencyInfoDL), etc. Accordingly, the terminal can determine the configuration for the CA operation and perform communication using the PCell and SCell of the base station.

[0213] For example, the terminal can determine that the SCell is an SSB-less SCell based on information related to the downlink frequency included in the configuration information, and can check related parameters. For example, the terminal can determine that the SCell is an SSB-less SCell by checking the presence of a parameter indicating that the SCell is an SSB-less SCell (e.g., SSBlessSCell), and can check the timing reference and AGC source for the SCell based on information about the reference cell (e.g., referenceCell). In the example of Fig. 16, the reference cell can be the PCell. Therefore, the terminal can use the PCell as a timing reference and AGC source for communication in the SCell. For example, the reference of the SSB-less cell can be (another) cell, TRP, CORESET pool (control resource set pool), (additional) PCI (physical cell ID), etc.

[0214] Conditional Handover (CHO)

[0215] FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a conditional handover operation to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0216] The order of the operations illustrated in Fig. 17 may vary depending on the case.

[0217] A second node (120) (e.g., a base station) can transmit configuration information for CHO to a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal). The configuration information for CHO can include information related to conditional reconfiguration (e.g., ConditionalReconfiguration, CondReconfigToAddModList), information related to configuration for reporting (e.g., ReportConfigNR). For example, the information related to configuration for reporting can include information related to events related to reporting, identifiers of the events (e.g., condEventId), information indicating whether it is a NES-specific CHO event (e.g., nesEvent), etc. In the example of FIG. 17, it is assumed that event information indicating that it is a NES-specific CHO event is received.

[0218] A base station may transmit information for enabling an NES-specific CHO execution condition to a terminal. The information for enabling the NES-specific CHO execution condition may be transmitted via control information of a specified format (e.g., DCI format 2_9). The information for enabling the NES-specific CHO execution condition may be referred to as an NES-mode indicator, and may be, for example, 1-bit information that indicates enabling the NES-specific CHO execution condition when a related upper layer parameter (e.g., nesEvent) is set and a serving cell of a related block in the DCI is a primary cell.

[0219] Afterwards, the terminal can perform measurements and transmit a measurement report to the base station. The base station can determine a CHO based on the measurement report and perform signaling for a handover request with the adjacent / neighboring base station(s) indicated by the measurement report. The base station can determine the adjacent base station(s) that have confirmed admission through signaling as candidate base station(s) and transmit information about the candidate base station(s) to the terminal. Accordingly, the terminal can evaluate the CHO execution conditions for the candidate base station(s). Based on the evaluation result, if a candidate cell satisfying the conditions is determined, the terminal can perform detachment for the old cell and synchronization for the new cell.

[0220] For example, based on event information indicating that the event is an NES-specific CHO event received by the terminal in the previous procedure and information enabling an NES-specific CHO execution condition, the terminal can determine whether the event is satisfied. For example, if an NES-mode indicator is received through a lower layer and conditional triggering configuration information (e.g., condTriggerConfig) includes information indicating that the event is an NES-specific CHO event (e.g., nesEvent), the terminal can determine that the event associated with the corresponding measurement identifier (e.g., measId) is satisfied, and thus, determine that the CHO execution condition is satisfied.

[0221] Channel State Information (CSI) Measurement and Reporting

[0222] FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a procedure for CSI measurement and reporting to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0223] A second node (120) (e.g., a base station) can transmit configuration information for CSI to a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal). The configuration information for CSI can include information related to a reference signal (e.g., a CSI-RS) resource or a resource set for CSI (e.g., time-frequency resource information, sequence information, power information, etc.), information related to CSI reporting (e.g., report item (quantity) information, report type information, report resource information, codebook information, etc.), information related to CSI measurement, etc.

[0224] For example, to assist the base station with transceiver muting and / or transmit power adaptation of the base station, the terminal may be configured to report multiple CSI entries in a CSI report based on multiple sub-configurations. For example, each sub-configuration may correspond to a spatial domain adaptation pattern (e.g., a subset of available spatial elements) and / or a power offset. With respect to CSI reporting, a higher layer parameter included in the configuration information (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) may include a list of sub-configurations, and each sub-configuration may be identified by an identifier (e.g., csi-ReportSubConfigID). For example, each sub-configuration may correspond to a list of at least one CSI-RS resource, or may correspond to a subset of CSI-RS antenna ports, and / or may correspond to power-related parameters of the CSI-RS resource(s) (e.g., power control offset-related parameters (e.g., powerControlOffset) and / or power offset for a PDSCH associated with the CSI-RS).

[0225] For example, an information element (IE) for an aperiodic trigger state list for CSI may include a trigger list parameter for a CSI reporting sub-configuration. This parameter may include a list of sub-configuration ID(s) of N sub-configuration(s) among L configured sub-configurations within a CSI reporting configuration that are associated with triggering states for aperiodic CSI reporting on an uplink data channel (e.g., a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)).

[0226] For example, an IE for a CSI reporting configuration may include parameters for a list of CSI reporting sub-configuration ID(s) to be added / modified or released. Port subset indicators and a list of non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources may not be configured simultaneously in the same CSI reporting configuration.

[0227] For example, an IE for a CSI reporting sub-configuration may include a port-subset indicator parameter, an NZP CSI-RS resource list parameter, and a power offset parameter.

[0228] The port-subset indicator parameter may indicate the number of ports of the NZP CSI-RS resources indicated in the NZP CSI-RS resource list (the value of which is equal to the number of ports of the corresponding NZP CSI-RS resources) and the (sub)set of CSI-RS antenna ports used for CSI calculation of the sub-configuration. Each bit in the bit string of the port-subset indicator corresponds to an antenna port, and if any bit is set to 1, the corresponding port may be enabled for CSI calculation corresponding to the sub-configuration, and if any bit is set to 0, the corresponding port may not be enabled for CSI calculation corresponding to the sub-configuration.

[0229] The NZP CSI-RS resource list parameter may indicate a list of NZP CSI-RS resources for a sub-configuration, which is a (sub)set of NZP CSI-RS resource(s) of a CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements associated with a sub-configuration of a CSI reporting configuration. The values ​​0, 1, 2, ... may mean the first, second, third, ... NZP CSI-RS resource of the CSI-RS resource set.

[0230] When the power offset parameter is set for an NZP CSI-RS resource, it may indicate that a power offset is applied between the PDSCH RE (resource element) and the NZP CSI-RS RE by the difference in the value of the power offset parameter from the value of the power control offset parameter.

[0231] When a configuration for CSI includes multiple sub-configurations, when interpreting the configuration information for CSI, the terminal may determine CSI-RS resources, CSI-RS port mapping, power offset, codebook type, report items, etc. by considering the sub-configurations. When configuration information related to CSI reporting including sub-configurations (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) is provided to the terminal, the terminal may not expect that a higher layer parameter related to a report item (e.g., reportQuantity) is set to 'cri-RSRP', 'cri-SINR', 'cri-SINR-Index', 'cri-RSRP-Index', 'none', 'ssb-Index-RSRP', 'ssb-Index-SINR', 'ssb-Index-RSRP-Index', 'ssb-Index-SINR-Index' or 'tdcp' (wherein CRI corresponds to a CSI-RS resource index, and tdcp corresponds to time domain channel properties). Additionally, when the type of CSI reporting is set to semi-persistent CSI reporting or aperiodic CSI reporting, the base station can activate / trigger only some of the sub-configurations configured for the UE through MAC-CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information). For example, the trigger state of aperiodic CSI reporting can be configured as needed, and whether semi-static CSI reporting is activated can be controlled by an activation command.

[0232] For example, with respect to the configuration of a report quantity, the terminal may determine the CSI-RS port index(es) for each CSI-RS resource based on information related to a port subset per sub-configuration (hereinafter referred to as a "port subset indicator"). The port subset indicator may include a bitmap for specifying some of the antenna ports for the corresponding CSI-RS resource. Accordingly, the terminal may identify at least one antenna port for the corresponding sub-configuration based on the positions of bits set to positive values ​​(e.g., 1) in the port subset indicator.

[0233] For example, with respect to the configuration of report items (report quantity), the terminal may determine the codebook type based on the presence or absence of sub-configurations. Specifically, if sub-configurations are configured for CSI reporting, the terminal may exclude the configuration of at least one codebook type. For example, if the terminal's capabilities support it, at least one codebook type may be configured.

[0234] For example, in relation to the configuration of the report quantity, a power offset value and an NZP CSI-RS resource set may be configured for each sub-configuration. For example, depending on whether a power offset value is configured for each sub-configuration and whether an NZP CSI-RS resource set is configured, the interpretation of the NZP CSI-RS resource set for each sub-configuration may vary.

[0235] When determining the channel quality indicator (CQI), a higher-layer parameter related to time restrictions for channel measurements (e.g., timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements) may be configured. In this case, the terminal can derive a channel estimate for determining CSI based on the most recent CSI reference resource. For example, if cell DTX is activated for the base station, the cell DTX activation time, etc., may be considered to determine the CSI reference resource, etc.

[0236] CSI is derived based on CSI reference resources. A CSI reference resource is defined as a group of downlink physical resource blocks corresponding to a band related to the CSI derived in the frequency domain, and is defined as a single downlink slot determined based on higher-layer parameters and subcarrier spacing in the time domain. After receiving a CSI-RS, a UE can transmit a CSI report no later than the CSI reference resource. For example, if sub-configurations are configured for a CSI report, a CSI reference resource may be considered for each sub-configuration.

[0237] When at least one of a CQI index, a precoding matrix index (PMI), and a rank indicator (RI) is set to be reported, in the CSI reference resource, the terminal may assume specific values ​​for the symbol positions and number occupied by control signaling, the number of PDSCH and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbols, the subcarrier spacing of the bandwidth part (BWP), the bandwidth for CQI reporting, the length and subcarrier spacing of the cyclic prefix (CP) of the reference resource, and the redundancy version (RV), for the purpose of deriving at least one of the CQI index, PMI, and RI. At this time, when sub-configurations are set for the CSI reporting, assumptions about the antenna port, EPRE (energy per resource element), etc. may be determined based on the sub-configurations.

[0238] Based on the aforementioned configuration, the base station can transmit at least one CSI-RS to the terminal. Based on the aforementioned configuration, the terminal can receive at least one CSI-RS and perform measurement on it. For example, the at least one CSI-RS can be transmitted via a CSI-RS resource or resource set configured by the configuration information.

[0239] When the terminal is set to DRX (discontinuous reception), the terminal can perform measurements as follows. For example, when the terminal is set to monitor power saving related control information (e.g., DCI format 2_6) and the DRX related timer (e.g., drx-onDurationTimer) has not been started by a higher layer parameter (e.g., ps-TransmitOtherPeriodicCSI), and is set to report CSI using a reporting configuration type set to periodic reporting and a reporting item set to an item other than cri-RSRP and ssb-index-RSRP, the most recent CSI measurement opportunity occurs during the time indicated by drx-onDurationTimer in the DRX related configuration information (e.g., DRX-Config) other than the DRX active time or the DRX active time for the CSI to be reported. As another example, if the terminal is configured to monitor power saving related control information (e.g., DCI format 2_6) and is configured to report L1-RSRP using a report configuration type set to periodic reporting and a report item set to cri-RSRP in a situation where drx-onDurationTimer has not started by a higher layer parameter (e.g., ps-TransmitPeriodicL1-RSRP), the most recent CSI measurement opportunity occurs during a time indicated by drx-onDurationTimer in DRX-related configuration information (e.g., DRX-Config) other than the DRX active time or the DRX active time for the CSI to be reported. In addition, the most recent CSI measurement opportunity occurs within the DRX active time for the CSI to be reported.

[0240] A base station may perform cell DTX and / or cell DRX operations. In this case, during the inactive period of cell DTX, a terminal configured as cell DTX may not expect to receive periodic CSI-RS and semi-static CSI-RS, at least as configured in a CSI reporting configuration associated with a report item including RI. When cell DTX is activated for a serving cell, the most recent CSI measurement opportunity of a semi-static CSI-RS resource or a periodic CSI-RS resource may occur within the active periods of cell DTX for CSI reporting, at least as configured by configuration information (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) related to CSI reporting associated with a report item including RI.

[0241] A terminal that receives at least one CSI-RS can determine CSI. For example, the terminal can perform CSI calculations. The terminal can perform CSI calculations based on CSI processing criteria. The terminal can indicate the number of supported concurrent CSI calculations, for example, the number of CSI processing units (CPUs) that can be performed simultaneously, called NCPUs. The terminal can determine the number of CPUs for a given CSI report based on at least one of the NCPUs, the number of CPUs for each CSI report, the number of CPUs currently occupied, and the settings of the report items. For example, for configuration information (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) related to CSI reporting that includes a report item parameter (e.g., reportQuantity) that is not set to 'none', the CPU(s) may be occupied for at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, wherein the number of at least one symbol may be determined based on CSI-RS resources or CSI-IM (interference measurement) resources associated with the sub-configurations.

[0242] When configuration information related to CSI reporting (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) includes multiple sub-configurations, the number of CPUs occupied by the CSI report may be determined based on the number of CSI-RS resources corresponding to the sub-configurations. For example, the number of CSI-RS resources may be determined based on the number of times they are referred in the configuration information related to CSI reporting (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) or the number of sub-configurations referencing the corresponding CSI-RS resources.

[0243] A terminal that has determined CSI can transmit a CSI report to a base station. The terminal can transmit CSI(s) for at least one sub-configuration according to a report item parameter (e.g., reportQuantity) configured for configuration information related to the CSI report (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig). For example, the CSI report can include at least one of PMI, CQI, RI, CRI, SSBRI (SSB resource index), LI (layer indicator), and RSRP. In this case, the CSI report can include a Part 1 CSI report and a Part 2 CSI report. In addition, the CSI report can be transmitted via at least one of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a PUSCH.

[0244] When a terminal multiplexes a CSI report including a Part 2 CSI report on a PUCCH resource, the terminal determines the number of PUCCH resources and physical resource blocks (PRBs) for the PUCCH resource or the number of Part 2 CSI reports, assuming that each CSI report or each CSI sub-report included in the CSI report indicates rank 1 or the rank combination {1, 1}. When a higher layer parameter related to the CSI reporting mode (e.g., csi-ReportMode) is set to 'Mode2', the terminal determines the PUCCH resource and the number of PRBs for the PUCCH resource or the number of Part 2 CSI reports, assuming that each CRI of the CSI report is associated with a resource pair.

[0245] When a CSI report on PUSCH includes two parts, the UE may omit some of the Part 2 CSI. The omission of Part 2 CSI is in priority order. When omitting Part 2 CSI information for a particular priority level, the UE shall exclude all information for that priority level, except when the corresponding CSI report includes at least one CSI sub-report including Part 2, which corresponds to a sub-configuration from a list of sub-configurations provided by a higher layer parameter (e.g., csi-ReportSubConfigList) included in information related to the CSI report (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig).

[0246] For a report configuration related to information related to a CSI report (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) that includes a list of sub-configurations, the following processing is possible: For a corresponding CSI report that includes at least one CSI sub-report, omission of Part 2 CSI is performed at the sub-configuration level within the same priority level, where a sub-configuration with a lower index value has a higher priority.

[0247] If a CSI report consists of two parts, a UE may omit some of the Part 2 CSI. The omission of Part 2 CSI is based on a priority order. For a report configuration related to information related to a CSI report (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig) that includes a list of sub-configurations, for a given CSI report that includes at least one CSI sub-report, the omission of Part 2 CSI may be applied according to the CSI reporting procedure using PUSCH. Part 2 CSI may be omitted starting from the lowest priority level up to the Part 2 CSI coding rate that is less than or equal to the coding rate set by the higher layer parameter (e.g., maxCodeRate).

[0248] Additionally, if the CQI request (or CSI request) field in the DCI triggers CSI report(s) on the PUSCH, the first uplink symbol carrying the CSI report(s) may not precede a symbol specified after a certain interval from the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the corresponding DCI. Accordingly, the CSI calculation time may be guaranteed. For example, if multiple sub-configurations are configured for the CSI report, the starting position of the aforementioned certain interval may be determined based on all triggered sub-configurations.

[0249] CSI is transmitted via PUCCH or PUSCH and can be expressed as a bit string of a fixed size. When CSI is transmitted via PUCCH, if a parameter (e.g., csi-ReportSubConfig) indicating sub-configuration-specific settings for CSI reports is configured, the mapping order of CSI fields for each CSI sub-report can be applied according to predefined rules.

[0250] When CSI is transmitted via PUSCH, if a parameter indicating sub-configuration-specific configuration for CSI reporting (e.g., csi-ReportSubConfig) is set, for each CSI sub-report, the mapping order of CSI fields can be applied according to a predefined rule.

[0251] Some or all of the examples of FIGS. 1 to 18 described above may be combined with some or all of the examples of the present disclosure described below, and such combined examples are included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0252] On-Demand SIB1 Transmission Procedure in an Enhanced Wireless Communication System

[0253] In basic wireless communication systems (e.g., LTE), a terminal had to receive all MIBs, SIB1, and SIB2 from the base station to access a cell, and the base station had to periodically transmit all types of system information to the terminal(s) throughout the area covered by the cell. This meant that the base station had to periodically transmit system information even when there were few terminals in the cell, resulting in energy waste related to system information. In advanced wireless communication systems (e.g., NR), more than one beam is used to broadcast system information (SI) throughout the entire area covered by the cell, which increases signaling overhead.

[0254] To address these issues, an on-demand SI transmission procedure has been adopted in improved wireless communication systems. When this procedure is applied, information essential for a UE to access a cell (e.g., SSB, SIB1, etc.) is defined as the minimum SI, and other SIs may not be broadcast. In other words, SIs can be categorized into the minimum SI and other SIs, and other SIs can be transmitted only upon UE request. Accordingly, while information necessary for a UE's cell access is transmitted from the base station to the UE, energy consumption at the base station can be conserved.

[0255] For the on-demand SI procedure of an improved wireless communication system, SIB1 can include scheduling information for all SI messages, and the terminal can obtain / identify whether other SIs are broadcast and scheduling information through SIB1 reception. In other words, the terminal can attempt to receive other SIs through SIB1 reception.

[0256] For example, terminals in idle / inactive mode may first trigger a random access procedure to receive other SI. Terminals in connected mode may receive SI via dedicated signaling (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration message).

[0257] For example, if another SI is broadcasted (e.g., "si-BroadcastStatus" is set to "broadcasting"), the terminal can receive the SI by waiting until the timing at which the SI is transmitted based on scheduling information without having to request the SI in an on-demand SI manner. If the broadcast status of the other SI is "Notbroadcasting," the terminal can request the base station to transmit the required SI through a random access procedure.

[0258] At this time, the terminal can request transmission of the required SI through CBRA (contention-based random access) or CFRA (contention free random access). For example, in the case of the CFRA procedure, the terminal can be allocated a dedicated RA resource from the base station through configuration information (e.g., "SI-RequestConfig") related to the SI request in the SI-related scheduling information (e.g., "SI-SchedulingInfo") of SIB1. Then, the terminal can request transmission of a specific SI by transmitting a specific preamble to the base station based on the dedicated RA resource. In another example, if the terminal is not allocated a dedicated RA resource for another SI request, the terminal can perform the CBRA procedure. Specifically, the terminal can request transmission of the SI it needs to the base station through the bitmap of the RRCSystemInfoRequest message in Msg. 3. In another example, in the case of the 2-step RACH procedure, the terminal can transmit SI information it needs to the base station through Msg. A PUSCH.

[0259] Hereinafter, a method for setting up a signal / channel X for operating other DL / UL channels / signals other than other SIs in an on-demand-based procedure, a method for requesting transmission / setting resources of X by a terminal, and a method for transmitting X after receiving the request are specifically described. Accordingly, energy saving of the base station and overhead related to signals / channels can be reduced.

[0260] FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0261] The terminal can receive configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block from the base station (S1910).

[0262] Specifically, the terminal may receive configuration information related to the first RACH from the base station. The configuration information may include at least one of parameters related to random access and transmission opportunities for the RACH. Furthermore, the configuration information may be transmitted to the terminal via a separate SIB or RRC signaling, for example.

[0263] The terminal can transmit the first RACH to the base station based on the first configuration information (S1920).

[0264] For example, a terminal may transmit a first RACH to a base station to request on-demand SIB transmission. Referring to FIGS. 19 and 20 , the first RACH may be replaced with a UL WUS. Furthermore, the on-demand SIB may be, but is not limited to, on-demand SIB1.

[0265] The terminal may receive an on-demand SIB from the base station during a first time window based on (or corresponding to) the first RACH, and may receive first system information during at least one second time window (S1930).

[0266] As an example of the present disclosure, a terminal may monitor at least one physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for an on-demand SIB during a first time window (e.g., a time window for an on-demand SIB). The terminal may receive an on-demand SIB1 from a base station via a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the PDCCH.

[0267] For example, the start and / or end times of the first time window may be determined by the transmission and reception times of the first RACH, but are not limited thereto. The start (or / and end times) and the interval length of the first time window may be set for the terminal by separate configuration information transmitted from the base station to the terminal.

[0268] For example, the on-demand SIB may include information associated with at least one second time window (e.g., a time window for receiving system information). The information associated with the at least one second time window may include at least one of: a number of the at least one second time window (e.g., N), information regarding an entire time period within which the at least one second time window is included, or information regarding a timer associated with the at least one second time window.

[0269] For example, the presence of N second time windows during the entire time interval can be indicated / established to the terminal through information related to at least one second time window.

[0270] Additionally or alternatively, the length of the entire time interval may be set / indicated to the terminal via information associated with at least one second time window. The start time of the entire time interval may be the time at which the on-demand SIB is transmitted to the terminal or the start time of the first second time window among the at least one second time window. The terminal may expect the first system information to be (repeatedly) transmitted through all second time windows generated / set from the start time of the entire time interval.

[0271] Additionally or alternatively, at least one second time window may be set within at least one broadcast control channel (BCCH) modification period, which is closest to a time point after the offset when the first RACH is transmitted. The closest BCCH modification period may be included within the entire time period or may correspond to the entire time period.

[0272] Additionally or alternatively, the timer associated with at least one second time window may be a timer that operates for the entire time period. That is, the start time of the timer associated with at least one second time window may be the same as the start time of the entire time period, and the timer may end at the end time of the last second time window among the at least one second time window. That is, the timer may operate to correspond to the entire time period.

[0273] However, this is only an example, and the end point of the entire time interval may be set / exist after the last second time window. That is, even if the last second time window ends, the entire time interval (or the timer) may not end / expire.

[0274] Additionally, a timer associated with the first time window may be operated by the terminal. The start and end times of the first timer may correspond to the start and end times of the first time window, respectively.

[0275] As an example of the present disclosure, an on-demand SIB may include scheduling information of at least one of first system information and second system information. The scheduling information of the first system information may include the type of system information to be transmitted through at least one second time window. Additionally, the second system information may refer to system information to be transmitted after the first system information. The scheduling information of the second system information may include information related to the time period during which the second system information is to be transmitted.

[0276] Here, each of the first system information and the second system information can be included in a separate SIB_x (x is a natural number greater than or equal to 2).

[0277] In one example of the present disclosure, the end time of at least one second time window may be the same as the end time of the first time window. In another example, the end time of the first time window and the end time of at least one second time window (e.g., the last second time window) may be the same. That is, the first time window and the at least one second time window may end simultaneously. In another example, if the end time of the first time window overlaps with a specific second time window, the specific second time window may also end simultaneously or remain valid until the specific second time window.

[0278] In describing the present disclosure, the termination of the first time window may mean that the timer associated with the first time window has terminated (or expired). The termination time of the first time window may be the same as the termination time associated with the second time window, but is not limited thereto.

[0279] Additionally or alternatively, the start time of at least one second time window may be the same as the start time of the first time window. For example, the end time of the first time window and the start time of at least one second time window (e.g., the first second time window) may be the same. That is, the first time window and the at least one second time window may start simultaneously.

[0280] In describing the present disclosure, the start of a first time window may mean that a timer associated with the first time window has started. The start time of the first time window may be the same as the start time associated with the second time window, but is not limited thereto.

[0281] As an example of the present disclosure, a terminal may perform camping on a first cell (e.g., an anchor cell) and receive at least one of an on-demand SIB or first system information of a second cell (e.g., an NES cell) from a base station through the first cell. However, this is merely an embodiment, and the terminal may also receive an on-demand SIB1 or / and first system information of the cell on which it performed camping on from the base station.

[0282] The method described in the example of FIG. 19 may be performed by the first device (100) of FIG. 1. For example, one or more processors (102) of the first device (100) of FIG. 1 may receive configuration information related to a first RACH for an on-demand SIB from a base station through one or more transceivers (106). The one or more processors (102) may transmit the first RACH to the base station through the one or more transceivers (106) based on the first configuration information. The one or more processors (102) may receive the on-demand SIB from the base station through the one or more transceivers (106) based on the first RACH during a first time window and receive first system information during at least one second time window.

[0283] Furthermore, one or more memories (104) of the first device (100) may store commands for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 19 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (102).

[0284] FIG. 20 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0285] The base station can transmit configuration information related to the first RACH for on-demand SIB to the terminal (S2010).

[0286] That is, the base station can transmit configuration information related to RACH for the terminal's on-demand SIB request to the terminal through upper layer signaling (e.g., separate SIB, RRC message, etc.).

[0287] The base station can receive the first RACH from the terminal based on the first configuration information (S2020).

[0288] And, the base station can transmit an on-demand SIB to the terminal during a first time window based on the first RACH (or corresponding to the first RACH) and transmit first system information during at least one second time window (S2030).

[0289] The features and related operations related to the first time window and the second time window have been described with reference to Fig. 19, so any redundant description will be omitted.

[0290] The method described in the example of FIG. 20 may be performed by the second device (200) of FIG. 1. For example, one or more processors (202) of the second device (200) of FIG. 1 may transmit configuration information related to a first RACH for an on-demand SIB to a terminal via one or more transceivers (206). The one or more processors (202) may receive the first RACH from the terminal via one or more transceivers (206) based on the first configuration information. The one or more processors (202) may transmit the on-demand SIB to the terminal via at least one transceiver (206) based on the first RACH during a first time window and transmit first system information during at least one second time window.

[0291] Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the second device (200) may store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 20 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (202).

[0292] Below, we will specifically explain how other SIs are also temporarily transmitted when other SIs are received according to temporary on-demand SIB1, and how on-demand SIB1s are also continuously transmitted or extended when other SIs are received according to on-demand SIB1.

[0293] As an example of the present disclosure, a terminal may camp in Cell A or a NES cell. The terminal may configure an UL WUS, such as an RACH resource available in Cell A or the NES cell. After transmitting the UL WUS in an idle / inactive mode to the NES cell, the terminal may monitor one or more type 0 PDCCH monitoring points for on-demand SIB1 within a time window in Cell A or the NES cell. The time window (e.g., the time window for SIB1) may be configured with at least a start time and a duration. After the terminal transmits the UL WUS in an idle / inactive mode, a timer may be started at each start time for on-demand SIB1, and the timer may be stopped immediately after a specified period from the start time has elapsed.

[0294] Additionally, the time window for SIB1 may be determined / set based on at least one of the number of PDCCH monitoring opportunities (occasions) for scheduling SIB1, or the number or transmission period of PDSCH transmissions. When the UE transmits the UL WUS to the base station, the UE may expect S PDCCH monitoring opportunities and / or S PDSCH transmissions. The UE may determine that the time window for SIB1 has ended after the last S PDCCH monitoring opportunity or PDSCH transmission. Repeated transmissions of SIB1 may be counted as one transmission or may be counted individually.

[0295] Example 1

[0296] Embodiment 1 relates to a method in which another SI is also temporarily transmitted when another SI is received according to a temporary on-demand SIB1.

[0297] As an example of the present disclosure, when a terminal triggers a RACH to request a specific SI message based on information in on-demand SIB1, the terminal can receive the specific SI message during the SI window. At this time, the terminal can determine that the requested specific SI message can be transmitted starting from the first SI window that occurs after an offset from the RACH transmission. In addition, the terminal can expect that SI windows are repeatedly set / generated every SI cycle starting from the first SI window.

[0298] For example, assume that UL WUS resources are mapped to both on-demand SIB1 and other SI, either according to instructions from Cell A or by pre-configuration. When a UE requests on-demand SIB1 via UL WUS (e.g., RACH), the base station can transmit all essential SI messages in on-demand SIB1 and IDLE / INACTIVE to the UE. Accordingly, the UE can receive on-demand SIB1 in the time window for SIB1, and can receive a specific SI message that the UE wants to receive during the SI window based on the information included in the on-demand SIB1. At this time, the UE can determine that the requested specific SI message can be transmitted starting from the first SI window that occurs after the offset from the UL WUS transmission. In addition, the UE can expect that SI windows are generated repeatedly at every SI period starting from the first SI window.

[0299] At this time, the terminal can expect that N SI windows will occur during a certain period of time from the first SI window. For example, if the value of N is set / indicated as 5 through on-demand SIB1, the terminal can expect that a specific SI message will be transmitted to the terminal (5 times) through a total of 5 SI windows including the first SI window. As another example, if on-demand SIB1 indicates 1000 ms, the terminal can expect that the specific SI message will be repeatedly transmitted through all SI windows that occur during 1000 ms after receiving the on-demand SIB1 or from the start of the first SI window. As another example, the terminal can expect that the specific SI message will be repeatedly transmitted in the SI window(s) corresponding to the nearest next BCCH (broadcast control channel) period starting after the offset from the RACH transmission. In this manner, the interval between the start of an SI window and the start of the next SI window can be determined / set as an SI period value.

[0300] When a RACH is triggered to request a specific SI message according to the method described above, the on-demand SIB1 may or may not be transmitted to the terminal according to the option(s) described below:

[0301] - Option 1: On-demand SIB1 may not be transmitted to the terminal even while a specific SI message is being transmitted.

[0302] For example, a base station may transmit on-demand SIB1 to a terminal within a SIB window according to UL WUS, and may not continue to transmit on-demand SIB1 to the terminal when the time window ends (e.g., expires). A base station operating in the manner described above may indicate to a terminal that an NES cell is barred via the MIB or on-demand SIB1. At this time, a terminal supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure may determine that the NES cell is not barred. A terminal that does not support the NES technology according to the present disclosure may determine that the NES cell is barred and may not camp on the NES cell or perform a reselection operation to another cell.

[0303] - Option 2: The base station can transmit an on-demand SIB1 to the terminal while a specific SI message is being transmitted, and the on-demand SIB1 can indicate transmission (e.g., broadcast) or non-transmission (e.g., not broadcast) of the specific SI message.

[0304] For example, the base station may transmit the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal within the time window for SIB1 based on the UL WUS received from the terminal, and may not continue to transmit the on-demand SIB1 when the time window ends (e.g., expires). Thereafter, when the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message, the base station may transmit the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal together based on the RACH.

[0305] As another example, the base station can transmit the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal within the SIB1 time window based on the UL WUS received from the terminal, and can continue to transmit the on-demand SIB1 even after the time window ends (e.g., expires) considering other SI requests from the terminal. Thereafter, when the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message, the terminal can transmit the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 together to the base station based on the RACH.

[0306] For example, when a specific SI message and an on-demand SIB1 are transmitted together to a terminal, the on-demand SIB1 may instruct the terminal to transmit (e.g., broadcast) the specific SI message. Accordingly, the terminal may determine whether to receive the specific SI message according to the on-demand SIB1. Thereafter, when the on-demand SIB1 indicates non-transmission (e.g., non-broadcast) of the specific SI message, the terminal may determine that the specific SI message will not be transmitted from the current or next BCCH modification period. In addition, the terminal may determine that the on-demand SIB1 will not be transmitted from the start of the next BCCH modification period, or from the next fixed period (e.g., 160 ms), or from the next period according to the specific period indicated by the on-demand SIB1.

[0307] A base station operating according to the above-described method can indicate to a terminal that an NES cell is blocked via the MIB or on-demand SIB1. At this time, a terminal supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is not blocked. A terminal not supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is blocked and may not camp on the NES cell or perform a reselection operation to another cell.

[0308] Option 3: The base station can transmit an on-demand SIB1 to the UE while a specific SI message is being transmitted. The UE can expect that the specific SI message and on-demand SIB1 will not be transmitted after a certain period of time.

[0309] For example, the base station may transmit the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal within the time window for SIB1 based on the UL WUS received from the terminal, and may not continue to transmit the on-demand SIB1 when the time window ends (e.g., expires). Thereafter, when the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message, the base station may transmit the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal together based on the RACH.

[0310] As another example, the base station can transmit the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal within the SIB1 time window based on the UL WUS received from the terminal, and can continue to transmit the on-demand SIB1 even after the time window ends (e.g., expires) considering other SI requests from the terminal. Thereafter, when the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message, the terminal can transmit the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 together to the base station based on the RACH.

[0311] Hereafter, when a transmission of a specific SI message is terminated according to the present disclosure, the terminal may determine / expect that the on-demand SIB1 transmission is also terminated immediately before or after the termination of the transmission of the specific SI message. Additionally or alternatively, when a transmission of a specific SI message is terminated according to the present disclosure, the terminal may determine that the on-demand SIB1 is not transmitted either i) from the beginning of the next BCCH change period that occurs after the first or last transmission of the specific SI message, or ii) from the next fixed period (e.g., 160 ms) or from the next period according to the specific period indicated by the on-demand SIB1.

[0312] A base station operating according to the above-described method can indicate to a terminal that an NES cell is blocked via the MIB or on-demand SIB1. At this time, a terminal supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is not blocked. A terminal not supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is blocked and may not camp on the NES cell or perform a reselection operation to another cell.

[0313] Option 4: The base station may transmit an on-demand SIB1 to the UE while a specific SI message is being transmitted. If the on-demand SIB1 indicates continued transmission of the on-demand SIB1 or a specific SI message, the UE receiving the indication may expect that the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 will continue to be transmitted periodically.

[0314] For example, the base station may transmit the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal within the time window for SIB1 based on the UL WUS received from the terminal, and may not continue to transmit the on-demand SIB1 when the time window ends (e.g., expires). Thereafter, when the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message, the base station may transmit the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal together based on the RACH.

[0315] As another example, the base station can transmit the on-demand SIB1 to the terminal within the SIB1 time window based on the UL WUS received from the terminal, and can continue to transmit the on-demand SIB1 even after the time window ends (e.g., expires) considering other SI requests from the terminal. Thereafter, when the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message, the terminal can transmit the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 together to the base station based on the RACH.

[0316] For example, if an on-demand SIB1 (e.g., an on-demand SIB1 received in response to a UL WUS transmission of a terminal and / or an on-demand SIB1 received in response to a RACH transmission of a terminal for requesting a specific SI message) indicates continued transmission of the on-demand SIB1 or a specific SI message, the terminal receiving the indication can expect that the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 will continue to be periodically transmitted from the base station.

[0317] A base station operating according to the above-described method can indicate to terminals that the NES cell is not blocked via the MIB or on-demand SIB1. At this time, both terminals supporting or not supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is not blocked and camp on the NES cell.

[0318] For example, if an on-demand SIB1 (e.g., an on-demand SIB1 received in response to a UL WUS transmission of the UE or / and an on-demand SIB1 received in response to a RACH transmission of the UE for requesting a specific SI message) does not indicate continued transmission of the on-demand SIB1 or the specific SI message (e.g., indicates non-transmission), the UE receiving the indication may determine that the specific SI message and the on-demand SIB1 are not currently being transmitted or have stopped transmitting after a certain period of time.

[0319] A base station operating according to the above-described method can indicate to a terminal that an NES cell is blocked via the MIB or on-demand SIB1. At this time, a terminal supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is not blocked. A terminal not supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is blocked and may not camp on the NES cell or perform a reselection operation to another cell.

[0320] Example 2

[0321] Embodiment 2 relates to a method in which on-demand SIB1 is also continuously transmitted or extended and transmitted when another SI is received according to on-demand SIB1.

[0322] As an example of the present disclosure, when a terminal triggers a RACH to request a specific SI message based on information in on-demand SIB1, the terminal can receive the specific SI message during the SI window. At this time, the terminal can determine that the requested specific SI message can be transmitted starting from the first SI window that occurs after an offset from the RACH transmission. In addition, the terminal can expect that SI windows are repeatedly set / generated every SI cycle starting from the first SI window.

[0323] For example, assume that UL WUS resources are mapped to both on-demand SIB1 and other SI, either according to instructions from Cell A or by pre-configuration. When a UE requests on-demand SIB1 via UL WUS (e.g., RACH), the base station can transmit all essential SI messages in on-demand SIB1 and IDLE / INACTIVE to the UE. Accordingly, the UE can receive on-demand SIB1 in the time window for SIB1, and can receive a specific SI message that the UE wants to receive during the SI window based on the information included in the on-demand SIB1. At this time, the UE can determine that the requested specific SI message can be transmitted starting from the first SI window that occurs after the offset from the UL WUS transmission. In addition, the UE can expect that SI windows are generated repeatedly at every SI period starting from the first SI window.

[0324] As an example of the present disclosure, when the above-described method(s) are performed, at least one of the options described below may be applied:

[0325] Option 1: The terminal may determine that on-demand SIB1 transmissions will continue until the transmission of the requested SI message is terminated. At this time, on-demand SIB1 transmissions may be repeatedly transmitted after the SIB1 time window. For example, the transmissions may be repeated at a fixed interval (e.g., 160 ms) or at a specific interval indicated by the on-demand SIB1.

[0326] Option 2: When a terminal requests transmission of an SI message, it may determine / expect that an on-demand SIB1 will also be transmitted along with the specific SI message.

[0327] For example, a terminal can receive on-demand SIB1 from a base station during a time window for SIB1 by transmitting a UL WUS to the base station. In this case, if the time window for SIB1 ends (or expires), the terminal can determine that the on-demand SIB1 is not being transmitted.

[0328] That is, the base station can stop transmitting the on-demand SIB1 only during the time window for SIB1. After that, if the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message based on the information in the on-demand SIB1, the base station can restart the time window for SIB1 at an interval equal to the offset after transmitting the RACH MSG1, MSG2, MSG3, or MSG4, and transmit SIB1 to the terminal during the restarted time window for SIB1.

[0329] At this time, if the terminal triggers the RACH to request a specific SI message, the terminal can receive on-demand SIB1 during the time window for the restarted SIB and obtain scheduling information for other SIs through the on-demand SIB1. Then, the terminal can receive the specific SI message it requested according to the scheduling information. At this time, the SI window and SI period during which the specific SI message is transmitted can be included in the scheduling information, and the time window for SIB1 and the first SI window can be set to a specific interval according to the scheduling information.

[0330] Additionally or alternatively, when a terminal triggers a RACH to request a specific SI message, the terminal may receive the requested specific SI message from the base station based on scheduling information for other SIs in the previously received on-demand SIB1. At this time, the base station may transmit the requested specific SI message to the terminal starting from the first SI window that occurs after an interval equal to the offset after transmission of MSG1, MSG2, MSG3, or MSG4 of the RACH. Accordingly, the terminal may attempt to receive the requested specific SI message starting from the first SI window.

[0331] For example, while a specific SI message is being transmitted, the on-demand SIB1 may indicate the transmission (e.g., broadcast) of a specific SI message. At this time, the base station may indicate to the terminal that the NES cell is not blocked via the MIB or the on-demand SIB1. At this time, both terminals supporting or not supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure may determine that the NES cell is not blocked and camp on the NES cell.

[0332] As another example, a base station operating according to the above-described method can indicate to a terminal that an NES cell is blocked via MIB or on-demand SIB1. At this time, a terminal supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is not blocked. A terminal not supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is blocked and either not camp on the NES cell or perform a reselection operation to another cell.

[0333] For example, if the on-demand SIB1 indicates that a specific SI message is not to be transmitted (e.g., not broadcast), the UE may determine that the specific SI message is not to be transmitted from the current or next BCCH modification period. Furthermore, the UE may determine that the on-demand SIB1 is not to be transmitted from the start of the next BCCH modification period, or from the next fixed period (e.g., 160 ms), or from the next period according to the specific period indicated by the on-demand SIB1.

[0334] A base station operating according to the above-described method can indicate to a terminal that an NES cell is blocked via the MIB or on-demand SIB1. At this time, a terminal supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is not blocked. A terminal not supporting the NES technology according to the present disclosure can determine that the NES cell is blocked and may not camp on the NES cell or perform a reselection operation to another cell.

[0335] The terminal can receive on-demand SIB1 from the NES cell according to the above-described method(s) and can receive and store a specific SI message. Thereafter, if at least one of the conditions described below is satisfied, the terminal camped on the NES cell or another NES cell (transmits a UL WUS for requesting on-demand SIB1, receives the on-demand SIB1, and) can transmit a RACH to the base station according to the RACH information of the on-demand SIB1. That is, the terminal can request an SI message by transmitting the RACH to the base station and can receive the requested SI message from the base station. The conditions for transmitting the RACH are as follows:

[0336] - When the validity period of a specific SIB_x of a previously received SI message has expired (e.g., when a specific time (e.g., 3 hours) has passed since the time it was previously stored);

[0337] - When receiving an on-demand SIB1 from another NES cell, and the area scopes received from the NES cell and another NES cell for a specific SIB_x are different according to the received on-demand SIB1 (e.g., when the system information area IDs of the NES cell and another NES cell for a specific SIB_x are different);

[0338] - Receives an on-demand SIB1 from another NES cell, and if the value tag values ​​received from the NES cell and another NES cell for a specific SIB_x are different according to the received on-demand SIB; and

[0339] - When receiving an on-demand SIB1 from another NES cell, and the PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) ID or tracking area code of the NES cell and another NES cell are different according to the received on-demand SIB1.

[0340] As an example of the present disclosure, a terminal may receive and store a specific SI message after receiving an on-demand SIB1 from a NES cell according to the above-described method(s). If at least one of the conditions described below is satisfied, the terminal may request only the on-demand SIB1 from another NES cell and not request other SIs. That is, the terminal may transmit a UL WUS requesting the on-demand SIB1 and receive the on-demand SIB1, and may not transmit a RACH requesting the SI message. Here, the conditions are as follows:

[0341] - If the validity period of a specific SIB_x of a previously received SI message has not expired (e.g., if a specific time period (e.g., 3 hours) has not passed since the time of previous storage);

[0342] - When receiving an on-demand SIB1 from another NES cell, and the area ranges received from the NES cell and another NES cell for a specific SIB_x are the same according to the received on-demand SIB1 (e.g., when the system information area IDs of the NES cell and another NES cell for a specific SIB_x are different);

[0343] - Receives an on-demand SIB1 from another NES cell, and if the value tag value received from the NES cell and another NES cell for a specific SIB_x according to the received on-demand SIB is the same; and

[0344] - When receiving an on-demand SIB1 from another NES cell, and the PLMN IDs of the NES cell and another NES cell are different or the tracking area codes are the same according to the received on-demand SIB1.

[0345] The operations and parameters according to each of the above-described embodiments 1 and / or 2 may be applied individually or in combination. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, SIBs and specific SIBs can be transmitted and received together without a separate RACH process for a specific SIB when an on-demand SIB1 is requested.

[0346] The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented without being combined with other components or features. Furthermore, it is also possible to form embodiments of the present disclosure by combining some components and / or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is self-evident that claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the patent claims may be combined to form embodiments or incorporated as new claims through post-application amendments.

[0347] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics of the present disclosure. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the scope of equivalents of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0348] The scope of the present disclosure includes software or machine-executable instructions (e.g., an operating system, an application, firmware, a program, etc.) that cause operations according to the methods of various embodiments to be executed on a device or a computer, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having such software or instructions stored thereon and executable on the device or computer. Instructions that can be used to program a processing system to perform the features described in the present disclosure can be stored on / in a storage medium or a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product including such a storage medium can be used to implement the features described in the present disclosure. The storage medium can include, but is not limited to, high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices, and can include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. The memory optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from the processor(s). The memory or, alternatively, the non-volatile memory device(s) within the memory comprise a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The features described in this disclosure may be incorporated into software and / or firmware stored on any of the machine-readable media, which may control the hardware of the processing system and allow the processing system to interact with other mechanisms that utilize results according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments / containers.

[0349] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (100, 200) of the present disclosure can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0350] The method proposed in this disclosure is explained with a focus on examples applied to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A and 5G systems, but can be applied to various wireless communication systems in addition to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A and 5G systems.

Claims

1. A step of receiving, by a terminal, from a base station configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block (SIB); A step of transmitting the first RACH to the base station by the terminal based on the first setting information; and A method comprising the step of receiving, by the terminal, the on-demand SIB from the base station during a first time window and receiving first system information during at least one second time window based on the first RACH.

2. In paragraph 1, At least one physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for the on-demand SIB is monitored by the terminal during the first time window, A method in which the on-demand SIB1 is received from the base station through a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the PDCCH.

3. In paragraph 1, The on-demand SIB includes information related to the at least one second time window, A method wherein the information related to the at least one second time window comprises at least one of the number of the at least one second time window, information about the entire time period including the at least one second time window, or information about a timer related to the at least one second time window.

4. In paragraph 3, A method according to claim 1, wherein the start time of the entire time period is the time at which the on-demand SIB is transmitted to the terminal or the start time of the first second time window among the at least one second time window.

5. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the end time of the at least one second time window is the same as the end time of the first time window.

6. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the at least one second time window is set within at least one broadcast control channel (BCCH) modification period that is closest to a time point after the offset during which the first RACH is transmitted.

7. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the above configuration information includes at least one of a parameter related to random access and a transmission opportunity of the first RACH.

8. In paragraph 1, The on-demand SIB includes scheduling information of at least one of the first system information or the second system information, A method wherein each of the first system information and the second system information is included in a separate SIB_x (x is a natural number greater than or equal to 2).

9. In paragraph 3, The timer associated with the first time window operates during the first time window, A method wherein a timer associated with at least one second time window operates during the entire time period.

10. In paragraph 1, Camp-on is performed on the first cell by the above terminal, A method in which at least one of the on-demand SIB of the second cell or the first system information is received from the base station through the first cell.

11. One or more transceivers; and comprising one or more processors connected to said one or more transceivers, One or more of the above processors: Receive configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block (SIB) from a base station through one or more transceivers; transmitting the first RACH to the base station through the one or more transceivers based on the first configuration information; and A terminal configured to receive the on-demand SIB from the base station through the at least one transceiver during a first time window and to receive first system information during at least one second time window based on the first RACH.

12. A step of transmitting configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block (SIB) to a terminal by a base station; A step of receiving the first RACH from the terminal by the base station based on the first setting information; and A method comprising the step of transmitting, by the base station, the on-demand SIB to the terminal during a first time window and transmitting first system information during at least one second time window based on the first RACH.

13. In the base station, the base station: one or more transceivers; and comprising one or more processors connected to said one or more transceivers, One or more of the above processors: Transmitting configuration information related to a first random access channel (RACH) for an on-demand system information block (SIB) to a terminal via one or more transceivers; Receiving the first RACH from the terminal through the one or more transceivers based on the first setting information; and A base station configured to transmit the on-demand SIB to the terminal during a first time window through the one or more transceivers based on the first RACH and to transmit the first system information during at least one second time window.

14. In a processing device configured to control a terminal, the processing device: one or more processors; and A processing device comprising one or more computer memories operatively connected to said one or more processors and storing instructions that, when executed by said one or more processors, perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, A computer-readable medium, wherein the one or more commands are executed by one or more processors to control a device to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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