Method and apparatus for switching for isac

Abstract

This first device may transmit a first signal for sensing a target, and / or the first device may receive a first reflected signal related to the first signal, and / or the first device may measure the first reflected signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed on the basis that a first measurement value obtained on the basis of the measurement is smaller than a first threshold value.

Description

Switching method and device for ISAC

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device: 1 Tbps, E2E latency: 1 ms, Maximum spectral efficiency: 100 bps / Hz, Mobility support: Up to 1000 km / hr, Satellite integration: Fully AI, Fully autonomous driving, Fully XR, Fully haptic communication

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method may include at least one of: a step of transmitting, by a first device, a first signal for sensing a target; a step of receiving, by the first device, a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and / or a step of performing, by the first device, a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being less than a first threshold.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; receiving a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and / or performing a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being less than a first threshold.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; receiving a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and / or performing a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being less than a first threshold.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; receiving a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and / or performing a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being less than a first threshold.

[0009] Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates the relationship between RCS, distance (D), and power according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates a procedure for switching a sensing transceiver according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 14 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0027] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0028] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0029] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0030] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0031] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0032] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0033] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0034] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.) from a base station or a network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device.

[0035] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0036] The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0037] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a first device and a second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0040] In step S103, the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0041] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).

[0042] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0043] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0044] For example, the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0045] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. For example, (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication, and (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0046] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a first device and a second device, through a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.

[0047] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.

[0048] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0049] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. For example, an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.

[0050] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include forwarding of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0051] For example, establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. For example, RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). For example, SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0052] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0053] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0054] Referring to FIG. 3, for example, a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0055] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0056] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) is an example.

[0057] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0058] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmit time intervals (TTIs)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0059] For example, multiple numerologies, or SCSs, may be supported to support various services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS may support wide areas in traditional cellular bands, while a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS may support dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. For example, a 60 kHz or higher SCS may support bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0060] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include at most N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an activated BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0062] For example, a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0063] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor the downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the UE may not receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP. For example, for downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For uplink, for example, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if a terminal does not detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period of time, the terminal may switch its active BWP to a default BWP.

[0064] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.

[0066] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0067] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0068] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0069] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0070] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates and (ii) the high path loss that occurs at high frequencies (requiring highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0071] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0072] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0073] - Optical wireless technology

[0074] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0075] - Quantum communication

[0076] - Cell-free communication

[0077] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0078] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0079] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0080] - Big data analysis

[0081] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0082] - metaverse

[0083] - Block chain

[0084] Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0085] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication.

[0086] Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0087] - Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0088] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal. For example, a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of a RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0089] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs). For example, to improve coverage, etc., devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0091] For example, a terminal can obtain information about the environment and / or the characteristics of objects within the environment by using radio frequency sensing to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object. Since radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications that provide, for example, intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and traffic management, and more. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of wireless sensing services, e.g., sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing offers an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communications network to a wireless communication and sensing network.

[0092] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. Specifically, (a) of FIG. 8 illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and (b) of FIG. 8 illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0093] Referring to FIG. 8, a sensing transmitter can transmit a sensing signal for sensing one or more objects (and / or an environment around the objects). For example, the sensing signal can be a radio (frequency) signal defined to be transmittable by a base station / terminal. For example, a sensing receiver can receive a signal scattered / reflected by one or more objects (and / or an environment around the objects) from a sensing signal transmitted from the sensing transmitter. For example, in the sensing receiver, sensing data can be derived from the scattered / reflected signal, and a sensing result can be generated / obtained through processing the sensing data. Here, for example, the sensing result can include characteristic information (e.g., position, distance, speed, angle, etc.) about one or more objects (and / or an environment around the objects). For example, the sensing results generated / obtained in this way may be utilized for wireless sensing services (e.g., detection, tracking, etc. of objects and / or environments) or provided / disclosed to a trusted third party.

[0094] For example, a sensing transmitter may be a base station or terminal that transmits a sensing signal to be used for a sensing service to operate, and the sensing transmitter may be located in the same or different base station or terminal as a sensing receiver. For example, a sensing receiver may be a base station or terminal that receives a sensing signal to be used for a sensing service to operate, and the sensing receiver may be located in the same or different base station or terminal as a sensing transmitter. For example, a sensing target may be an object to be detected by deriving characteristics of an object in the environment from a sensing signal. For example, a background environment may be a background that is not a sensing target (e.g., clutter, environmental objects, etc.). For example, an environment object may be an object whose location is known other than a sensing target. For example, monostatic sensing may be sensing in which a sensing transmitter and a sensing receiver coexist in the same base station or terminal. For example, bistatic sensing may be sensing in which the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are located in different base stations or terminals. For example, multistatic sensing may be sensing in which there are multiple sensing transmitters and / or multiple sensing receivers for a (single) sensing target. For example, monostatic sensing, bistatic sensing, and / or multistatic sensing may be distinguished based on the angle between the sensing transmitter, the sensing target, and the sensing receiver. For example, if the angle between the sensing transmitter, the sensing target, and the sensing receiver is less than or equal to a threshold, it may be defined as monostatic sensing or semi-monostatic sensing. For example, if the angle between the sensing transmitter, the sensing target, and the sensing receiver is greater than or equal to a threshold, it may be defined as bistatic sensing or multistatic sensing.For example, the terminal may transmit a sensing signal over a wireless interface that can be used for sensing purposes. For example, the terminal may transmit a sensing signal over a 3GPP wireless interface that can be used for sensing purposes.

[0095] For example, the common framework of the ISAC channel model can be composed of target channel components and background channel components. For example, this can be obtained based on mathematical equation 1.

[0096]

[0097] Here, for example, target channel H target may include all [multipath] components affected by the sensing target. For example, background channel H Background may contain other [multipath] components that do not belong to the target channel.

[0098] For example, radar cross-section (RCS) may be a measure of how well a radar sensor can detect a target. Therefore, it is often referred to as an electromagnetic characteristic of the target. For example, a larger RCS may indicate that the target is more easily detectable. For example, in a radar sensor measurement, power may be transmitted toward the target, and the target may reflect some of the power back to the receiver. For example, the received power may be based on the RCS of the target, among other factors. For example, the received power may be proportional to the RCS. For example, the RCS of a target may be based on at least one of the frequency of the radar signal, the target material, the target shape, the target size, the direction of the incident and reflected waves relative to the target, the target movement, and / or the target illumination.

[0099] FIG. 9 illustrates the relationship between RCS, range (D), and power according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0100] Referring to Figure 9, the RCS of a radar target may be a virtual area required to intercept the power density transmitted from the target. For example, the relevant radar mathematical formula may be defined as in Equation 2.

[0101]

[0102] Here, for example, P TX can be the transmitter power [W], and G TXcan be the gain of the transmitting antenna [dimensionless], D can be the distance between the equipment under test (EUT) and the target [m], and RCS can be the radar cross section [m 2 ] can be, P RX can be the power [W] received back by the EUT from the object, and A eff is the effective area of ​​the receiving antenna [m 2 ] can be. For example, A eff can be obtained based on mathematical formula 3.

[0103]

[0104] Here, for example, G RX can be the gain of the receiving antenna [dimensionless], λ can be the wavelength of the radio signal [m], λ = c / f, c can be the speed of light 299792458 [m / s], and f can be the frequency [Hz].

[0105] For example, if the transmitter and receiver are co-located and the same antenna is used for both transmission and reception (G TX = G RX = G), the related radar mathematical formula can be defined as in mathematical formula 4.

[0106]

[0107] Here, for example, P TX can be the transmitter power [W], G can be the gain of the transmitting antenna [dimensionless], D can be the distance between the equipment under test (EUT) and the target [m], and RCS can be the radar cross section [m 2 ] can be, P RX can be the power [W] received back by the EUT from the object.

[0108] Meanwhile, in the operation of tracking an object detected through sensing based on monostatic sensing, the object may move, or the sensing transceiver that transmits and receives sensing signals for the tracking may move. In this case, object tracking performance may deteriorate or become impossible due to the object moving out of the sensing coverage of the sensing transceiver.

[0109] In the above-described case, the sensing-based object tracking operation can be maintained by switching from an existing sensing transceiver to a new sensing transceiver capable of tracking the object according to the movement. The present disclosure proposes a method for performing switching and a device supporting the same. The following terms may be used in the present disclosure.

[0110] - Sensing signal: Reference signal transmitted and received for sensing

[0111] - Sensing transmitter (sensing Tx): an entity that transmits sensing signals

[0112] - Sensing receiver (sensing Rx): an entity that receives sensing signals

[0113] - Monostatic sensing: Sensing in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver coexist in the same TRP or terminal.

[0114] - Bi-static sensing: sensing in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver coexist in different TRPs or terminals.

[0115] - Multi-static sensing: Sensing with multiple sensing transmitters and / or multiple sensing receivers for the sensing target.

[0116] - Target object (TO): The object to be detected through sensing.

[0117] - Environment object (EO): An object whose location is known other than the target object.

[0118] - Clutter: Background or objects whose location cannot be specified, excluding the target object and environment objects.

[0119] - BS-BS sensing: BS-BS sensing may mean sensing in which BS#1 transmits sensing RS and BS#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are separate BSs, this may mean BS-BS bistatic operation, and if BS#1 and BS#2 are the same BS, this may mean BS-BS monostatic operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if BS#1 and / or BS#2 are one or more BSs, this may mean BS-BS multistatic operation.

[0120] - BS-UE sensing: BS-UE sensing may refer to sensing in which a BS transmits a sensing RS and a UE receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, it may refer to BS-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0121] - UE-BS sensing: UE-BS sensing may refer to sensing in which a UE transmits a sensing RS and a BS receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, when the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, it may refer to a UE-BS multistatic sensing operation.

[0122] - UE-UE sensing: UE-UE sensing may mean sensing in which UE#1 transmits a sensing RS and UE#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are separate UEs, it may mean a UE-UE bistatic sensing operation, and if UE#1 and UE#2 are the same UE, it may mean a UE-UE monostatic sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if UE#1 and / or UE#2 are one or more UEs, it may mean a UE-UE multistatic sensing operation.

[0123] - SMF: A sensing management function may be an entity that performs at least one of the following functions: a function of setting sensing RS-related parameters, a function of controlling sensing operations and / or procedures, and / or a function of receiving sensing-related measurement results and estimating sensing results (e.g., information such as distance, speed, direction, and object recognition) based on the measurement results. For example, an SMF may be a logical entity defined in a core network or a RAN. For example, an SMF may be a base station or a UE that has the capability to perform the role of an SMF.

[0124] - TSA: The target sensing area may be an area where an object is to be detected through sensing.

[0125] - RCS: Radar cross section is an effective area that intercepts the transmitted radar power and then scatters that power isotropically back to the radar receiver.

[0126] For example, for switching of the sensing transceiver described above, the sensing transceiver may perform the following operations. In the present disclosure, the sensing transceiver may be a device that transmits and / or receives a signal for sensing, and the sensing transceiver may be a sensing node, a base station, a terminal, a TRP, and / or a first device. In the present disclosure, the SMF may be a second device including a sensing management function, and the SMF may be implemented in the same entity as the sensing transceiver or in a different entity.

[0127] FIG. 10 illustrates a procedure for switching a sensing transceiver, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0128] Referring to FIG. 10, for example, in step S1010, a first device (e.g., a sensing transceiver, a sensing node, a base station, a terminal, or a TRP) may transmit a sensing signal, and the first device may receive a reflected signal. For example, the reflected signal may be a signal in which the sensing signal is reflected or scattered by a target (e.g., a target object). For example, in step S1020, the first device may perform a measurement on the reflected signal. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, for convenience of explanation, the first device may be referred to as a sensing transceiver, and a second device including a sensing management function may be referred to as an SMF.

[0129] For example, in a monostatic sensing operation for TO detection and tracking, if the measurement value of the magnitude or power of the sensing signal component reflected and received by the TO (according to the RCS characteristics of the TO) among the sensing signal components transmitted by the sensing transceiver and reflected by the surroundings is smaller than a threshold value (preliminarily) set, or if the ratio of the current measurement value to the (maximum) measurement value of the magnitude or power of the sensing signal component previously reflected and received by the TO (hereinafter referred to as the measurement value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measurement value of the RCS power) is smaller than a threshold value, then in step S1030, the sensing transceiver or the SMF associated with the monostatic sensing may perform a switching operation to a new sensing transceiver that will perform the monostatic sensing for the TO detection and tracking, or may be triggered to perform a linked switching process.

[0130] For example, the switching operation and / or the switching process may be triggered by the first device. For example, information for triggering the switching operation and / or the switching process may be transmitted from the first device to the second device.

[0131] For example, the switching operation and / or the switching process may be triggered by a second device. For example, information for triggering the switching operation and / or the switching process may be transmitted from the second device to the first device.

[0132] For example, the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power can be measured based on the RSRP (reference signal received power) component for the sensing signal component reflected and received by the TO or the RCS value associated with the TO.

[0133] For example, if a continuous time interval during which the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is less than the threshold value is less than a (pre-)set threshold value, triggering of the switching operation or associated process may not be performed.

[0134] For example, if a continuous time interval during which the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is less than the threshold value is greater than a (pre-)set threshold value, triggering of the switching operation or associated process may be performed.

[0135] For example, the threshold time interval can be set (in advance) so that the switching operation to the new sensing transceiver can be performed within a threshold time interval from the time at which the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is estimated to be less than the threshold value.

[0136] For example, if the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is less than the threshold value, and / or if the difference between the measured value of the position of the TO and / or the measured value of the distance between the sensing transceiver and the TO when the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is less than the threshold value, and the previous measured value of the position of the TO and / or the measured value of the distance between the sensing transceiver and the TO when the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is greater than the threshold value, is less than a (preliminary) set threshold value, the sensing transceiver or the SMF may not perform a switching operation for the sensing transceiver. Through the above-described operation, even if the characteristics of the RCS change due to, for example, a change in direction or rotation of the TO, and thus the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power temporarily changes, tracking can be continuously continued without interruption. For example, if the difference between the two measurements of the position of the TO and / or the distance between the sensing transceiver and the TO is less than the threshold value for a consecutive time interval greater than a (pre-)set threshold value, the triggering of the switching operation or associated process may not be performed.

[0137] For example, if the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is less than the threshold value, and / or if the difference between the measured value of the position of the TO and / or the distance between the sensing transceiver and the TO when the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is less than the threshold value, and the previous measured value of the position of the TO and / or the distance between the sensing transceiver and the TO when the measured value of the RCS power or the ratio of the measured values ​​of the RCS power is greater than the threshold value, is greater than a (preliminary) set threshold value, the sensing transceiver or the SMF may perform a switching operation for the sensing transceiver. For example, if a continuous time interval during which the difference between the two measured values ​​of the position of the TO and / or the distance between the sensing transceiver and the TO is greater than the threshold value is greater than a (preliminary) set threshold value, the triggering for the switching operation or the associated process may be performed. For example, for the above-described operation, the sensing transceiver may report to the SMF the difference between two measurements of the position of the TO for the two cases described above. For example, for the above-described operation, the sensing transceiver may report to the SMF the difference between two measurements of the distance between the transceiver and the TO for the two cases described above.

[0138] For example, when the sensing transceiver performs sensing for detection and tracking of the TO, or switching to a new sensing transceiver is triggered, the following switching operations may be performed.

[0139] For example, a sensing transceiver or SMF that is currently tracking the TO based on sensing may request candidate sensing transceivers located within a (pre-set) threshold distance from the TO to report the sensing results of the candidate sensing transceivers for the TO. For example, the sensing result for the TO requested from the candidate sensing transceivers may include a measurement value of the magnitude or power of a sensing signal component reflected and received by the TO (according to the RCS characteristic of the TO) among the sensing signal components received when the sensing signal transmitted by the candidate sensing transceiver is reflected in the surroundings, and / or a measurement value of the distance between the candidate sensing transceiver and the TO, and / or a measurement value of the velocity (or Doppler frequency shift) of the TO, and / or a measurement value of the direction of travel of the TO (e.g., an angle from the candidate sensing transceiver to the TO), and / or information about the candidate sensing transceiver (e.g., ID information of the candidate sensing transceiver, location information of the candidate sensing transceiver). For example, the candidate sensing transceivers may report the sensing result for the TO to a sensing transceiver or SMF that is tracking based on the sensing based on the request. For example, for the above-described operation, the tracking sensing transceiver or SMF can transmit information about the TO to the candidate sensing transceivers.For example, the information about the TO may include a location of the TO (e.g., a distance from the sensing transceiver performing the tracking to the TO, and / or a distance from the candidate sensing transceiver to the TO), a velocity (or Doppler frequency shift value) of the TO, a direction of travel of the TO (e.g., a direction / angle from the transceiver performing the tracking to the TO, and / or a direction / angle from the candidate sensing transceiver to the TO), and information about a sensing transceiver performing tracking for the TO (e.g., ID information of the sensing transceiver performing the tracking, and / or location information of the sensing transceiver).

[0140] For example, among the candidate sensing transceivers, based on the sensing result for the TO, it may be determined to switch to a candidate sensing transceiver in which the measurement value of the magnitude or power of the sensing signal component reflected by the TO (according to the RCS characteristic of the TO) among the sensing signal components received after the sensing signal transmitted by the candidate sensing transceiver is reflected to the surroundings is greater than a threshold value set (in advance). For example, if the measurement value of the magnitude or power of the sensing signal component reflected by the TO (according to the RCS characteristic of the TO) among the sensing signal components received after the sensing signal transmitted by the candidate sensing transceiver is reflected to the surroundings is greater than a continuous time interval in which the measurement value is greater than the threshold value is less than a threshold value set (in advance), the switching operation to the candidate sensing transceiver may not be performed. For example, if the measured value of the magnitude or power of the sensing signal component reflected and received by the TO (according to the RCS characteristic of the TO) among the sensing signal components transmitted by the candidate sensing transceiver and reflected to the surroundings is greater than the threshold value for a continuous time interval greater than the threshold value (preliminarily) set, the switching operation to the candidate sensing transceiver can be performed.

[0141] For example, the sensing transceiver or SMF performing tracking for the TO can determine whether to switch to the candidate sensing transceiver based on the magnitude or power measurement value #1 of the sensing signal component reflected from the TO and received, as measured by the sensing transceiver performing tracking for the TO, and the magnitude or power measurement value #2 of the sensing signal component reflected from the TO and received, as measured by the candidate sensing transceiver. For example, switching to the candidate sensing transceiver can be performed (only) if the measurement value #2 is greater than a (pre-)set threshold value than the measurement value #1. For example, switching to the candidate sensing transceiver can be performed (only) if the continuous time interval during which the measurement value #2 is greater than the (pre-)set threshold value than the measurement value #1 is greater than the (pre-)set threshold value.

[0142] For example, if there is no new (candidate) sensing transceiver that satisfies the conditions described above, the sensing transceiver or SMF performing the tracking may determine / report a tracking failure for the TO and initialize the sensing process for the TO to perform new sensing.

[0143] For example, when a TRP performs an operation of detecting and tracking a TO by performing monostatic sensing, the TRP and / or a candidate TRP to perform the tracking may report to the SMF a power value associated with a signal received from UEs located within a (pre-)set threshold value from the location of the TO, and the SMF may determine whether to switch on the TRP to perform tracking for the TO based on the reported power value.

[0144] For example, in the case described above, the signal received from the UEs may be a RACH signal. For example, the signal received from the UEs may be a sounding reference signal (SRS) signal. For example, the signal received from the UEs may be a PUCCH and / or a PUSCH. For example, the associated power value may be a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value of the received signal. For example, the associated power value may be an RSRP value of the received signal.

[0145] For example, in the case described above, the TRP and / or the candidate TRP may instruct UEs located within a (pre-)set threshold from the location of the TO to transmit the signal to the TRP and / or the candidate TRP so that the UEs can decide whether to switch to the TRP.

[0146] For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed service type-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed (or differently or independently) (LCH or service) priority-specifically. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed (or differently or independently) QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability, minimum communication range)-specifically. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed PQI parameter-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed SL HARQ feedback ENABLED LCH / MAC PDU (transmission)-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL HARQ feedback DISABLED LCH / MAC PDU (transmission). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for CBR measurement values ​​of resource pools. For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL cast types (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast).For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL groupcast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback, NACK only feedback based on TX-RX distance). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL mode 1 CG type (e.g., SL CG type 1 or SL CG type 2). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL mode type (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for resource pool. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) whether the PSFCH resource is a configured resource pool. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a source (L2) ID. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a destination (L2) ID. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a PC5 RRC connection link.For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for an SL link. For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a connection state (with a base station) (e.g., RRC CONNECTED state, IDLE state, INACTIVE state). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for an SL HARQ process (ID). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for whether the SL DRX operation (of a TX UE or an RX UE) is performed. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed scheme / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether the UE is power saving (TX or RX). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed scheme / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) if (from a specific UE perspective) PSFCH TX and PSFCH RX overlap (and / or multiple PSFCH TXs (which exceed the UE capability)) (and / or if PSFCH TX (and / or PSFCH RX) are omitted). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed scheme / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether the RX UE actually (successfully) receives a PSCCH (and / or PSSCH) (re)transmission from a TX UE.

[0147] For example, in the present disclosure, the setting (or designation) wording can be extended to include a form in which a base station notifies a terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel / signal (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE) (and / or a form provided through pre-configuration and / or a form in which a terminal notifies another terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel / signal (e.g., SL MAC CE, PC5 RRC)).

[0148] For example, in the present disclosure, the PSFCH wording can be extended to (NR or LTE) PSSCH (and / or (NR or LTE) PSCCH) (and / or (NR or LTE) SL SSB (and / or UL channel / signal)). In addition, the proposed method of the present disclosure can be extended (in a new form) by being combined with each other.

[0149] For example, in the present disclosure, a specific threshold value may mean a threshold value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal. For example, in the present disclosure, a specific setting value may mean a value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal. For example, an operation set by a network / base station may mean an operation that a base station sets (in advance) to a UE via a higher layer RRC signaling, sets / signals to the UE via MAC CE, or signals to the UE via DCI.

[0150] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0151] Referring to FIG. 11, in step S1110, the first device can transmit a first signal for sensing a target. In step S1120, the first device can receive a first reflection signal related to the first signal. In step S1130, the first device can perform measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target can be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being smaller than a first threshold.

[0152] For example, the first measurement value may be a ratio of the magnitude or power of the first reflected signal to the magnitude or power of the first reflected signal, or to the magnitude or power of a second reflected signal related to a second signal transmitted prior to transmission of the first signal.

[0153] For example, switching for sensing the target may be triggered by the first device or a second device including a sensing management function.

[0154] For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on (i) the first measurement value being less than the first threshold, and (ii) a difference between a distance between the first device and the target measured when the first measurement value is less than the first threshold and a distance between the first device and the target measured when the second measurement value is greater than the first threshold is greater than a second threshold. For example, the second measurement value may be a ratio of a magnitude or power of a second reflected signal associated with a second signal transmitted prior to transmission of the first signal to a magnitude or power of a third reflected signal associated with a third signal transmitted prior to transmission of the second signal.

[0155] For example, switching for sensing the target may not be performed based on (i) the first measurement value being less than the first threshold, and (ii) the difference between the distance between the first device and the target measured when the first measurement value is less than the first threshold and the distance between the first device and the target measured when the second measurement value is greater than the first threshold is less than the second threshold.

[0156] For example, information related to the target may be transmitted to the candidate device from the first device or from a second device including a sensing management function.

[0157] For example, information requesting a report of sensing results for the target may be transmitted to the candidate device from the first device or from a second device including a sensing management function.

[0158] For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on the first measurement value and a third measurement value measured by the candidate device. For example, the third measurement value may be greater than the first measurement value by a third threshold value.

[0159] For example, a power value associated with a signal received from a terminal located within a threshold distance from the target may be reported from the first device to a second device including a sensing management function. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on the power value.

[0160] For example, the first device may be a device that performs or supports monostatic sensing.

[0161] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to transmit a first signal for sensing a target, and / or the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to receive a first reflection signal related to the first signal, and / or the processor (102) of the first device (100) can perform a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target can be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being smaller than a first threshold.

[0162] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; receiving a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and / or performing a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being less than a first threshold.

[0163] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; receiving a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and / or performing a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being less than a first threshold.

[0164] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; receiving a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and / or performing a measurement on the first reflection signal. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the measurement being less than a first threshold.

[0165] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0166] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, the second device may receive information related to switching for sensing a target from the first device. In step S1220, the second device may perform switching for sensing the target. For example, a first measurement value obtained based on measurement of a first reflection signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target may be less than a first threshold.

[0167] For example, the first measurement value may be a ratio of the magnitude or power of the first reflected signal to the magnitude or power of the first reflected signal, or to the magnitude or power of a second reflected signal related to a second signal transmitted prior to transmission of the first signal.

[0168] For example, switching for sensing the target may be triggered by the first device or the second device including a sensing management function.

[0169] For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on (i) the first measurement value being less than the first threshold, and (ii) a difference between a distance between the first device and the target measured when the first measurement value is less than the first threshold and a distance between the first device and the target measured when the second measurement value is greater than the first threshold is greater than a second threshold. For example, the second measurement value may be a ratio of a magnitude or power of a second reflected signal associated with a second signal transmitted prior to transmission of the first signal to a magnitude or power of a third reflected signal associated with a third signal transmitted prior to transmission of the second signal.

[0170] For example, switching for sensing the target may not be performed based on (i) the first measurement value being less than the first threshold, and (ii) the difference between the distance between the first device and the target measured when the first measurement value is less than the first threshold and the distance between the first device and the target measured when the second measurement value is greater than the first threshold is less than the second threshold.

[0171] For example, information related to the target may be transmitted to the candidate device from the first device or from the second device including a sensing management function.

[0172] For example, information for requesting a report of sensing results for the target may be transmitted to the candidate device from the first device or from the second device including a sensing management function.

[0173] For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on the first measurement value and a third measurement value measured by the candidate device. For example, the third measurement value may be greater than the first measurement value by a third threshold value.

[0174] For example, a power value associated with a signal received from a terminal located within a threshold distance from the target may be reported from the first device to the second device including a sensing management function. For example, switching for sensing the target may be performed based on the power value.

[0175] For example, the first device may be a device that performs or supports monostatic sensing.

[0176] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive information related to switching for sensing a target from the first device, and / or the processor (202) of the second device (200) can perform switching for sensing the target. For example, a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target can be smaller than a first threshold.

[0177] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the second device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: receiving, from the first device, information related to switching for sensing a target; and / or performing switching for sensing the target. For example, a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target may be less than a first threshold.

[0178] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a second device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: receiving, from a first device, information related to switching for sensing a target; and / or performing switching for sensing the target. For example, a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target may be less than a first threshold.

[0179] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, upon execution, may cause a second device to perform an operation. For example, the operation may include at least one of: receiving, from a first device, information related to switching for sensing a target; and / or performing switching for sensing the target. For example, a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target may be less than a first threshold.

[0180] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, when tracking a TO based on monostatic sensing, whether to switch to a new sensing transceiver can be determined based on the power of a signal reflected and received by the TO. For example, if the sensing performance is degraded due to movement of the TO or the sensing transceiver and tracking cannot be performed, switching to a new sensing transceiver can be performed, and the tracking can be continuously performed or supported. For example, if the sensing performance is (temporarily) degraded due to movement of the TO or the sensing transceiver, switching to a new sensing transceiver may not be performed, and the tracking can be continuously performed or supported without incurring unnecessary signaling overhead.

[0181] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0182] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0183] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0184] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0185] FIG. 13 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0186] Referring to FIG. 13, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0187] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0188] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0189] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0190] FIG. 14 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0191] Referring to FIG. 14, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 13.

[0192] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0193] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0194] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0195] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0196] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0197] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0198] FIG. 15 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0199] Referring to FIG. 15, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 15 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. The hardware elements of FIG. 15 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14.

[0200] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 15. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0201] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0202] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0203] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 15. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 14) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0204] Figure 16 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 13). The embodiment of Figure 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0205] Referring to FIG. 16, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 14 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and an additional element (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 14. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 14. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0206] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 13, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 13, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 13, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 13, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 13, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 13, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 13, 400), a base station (Fig. 13, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0207] In FIG. 16, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0208] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 16 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0209] FIG. 17 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0210] Referring to FIG. 17, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 16, respectively.

[0211] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0212] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0213] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In the method, A step in which a first device transmits a first signal for sensing a target; The first device receives a first reflection signal related to the first signal; and The first device comprises a step of performing a measurement on the first reflection signal; A method in which switching for sensing the target is performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the above measurement being less than a first threshold.

2. In paragraph 1, A method according to claim 1, wherein the first measurement value is a ratio of the magnitude or power of the first reflected signal to the magnitude or power of the first reflected signal, or to the magnitude or power of a second reflected signal related to a second signal transmitted prior to transmission of the first signal.

3. In paragraph 1, A method wherein switching for sensing the target is triggered by the first device or a second device including a sensing management function.

4. In paragraph 1, A method wherein switching for sensing the target is performed based on (i) the first measurement value being less than the first threshold, and (ii) a difference between the distance between the first device and the target measured when the first measurement value is less than the first threshold and the distance between the first device and the target measured when the second measurement value is greater than the first threshold is greater than a second threshold.

5. In paragraph 4, The method of claim 1, wherein the second measurement value is a ratio of the magnitude or power of the second reflected signal to the magnitude or power of a second reflected signal associated with a second signal transmitted prior to transmission of the first signal, or to the magnitude or power of a third reflected signal associated with a third signal transmitted prior to transmission of the second signal.

6. In paragraph 1, A method in which switching for sensing the target is not performed based on (i) the first measurement value being less than the first threshold, and (ii) the difference between the distance between the first device and the target measured when the first measurement value is less than the first threshold and the distance between the first device and the target measured when the second measurement value is greater than the first threshold is less than the second threshold.

7. In paragraph 1, A method in which information related to the target is transmitted to a candidate device from the first device or from a second device including a sensing management function.

8. In paragraph 1, A method in which information for requesting reporting of sensing results for the target is transmitted to the candidate device from the first device or from a second device including a sensing management function.

9. In paragraph 1, A method wherein switching for sensing the target is performed based on the first measurement value and the third measurement value measured by the candidate device.

10. In paragraph 9, The method wherein the third measurement value is greater than the first measurement value by a third threshold value or more.

11. In paragraph 1, A method in which a power value associated with a signal received from a terminal located within a threshold distance from the target is reported from the first device to a second device including a sensing management function.

12. In paragraph 11, A method in which switching for sensing the above target is performed based on the above power value.

13. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first device is a device that performs or supports monostatic sensing.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing said first device to perform an operation based on being executed by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: Transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; Receiving a first reflection signal associated with the first signal; and Performing a measurement on the first reflection signal; including; A first device, wherein switching for sensing the target is performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the above measurement being less than a first threshold.

15. In the processing device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing the first device to perform an operation based on execution by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: Transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; Receiving a first reflection signal associated with the first signal; and Performing a measurement on the first reflection signal; including; A processing device in which switching for sensing the target is performed based on the first measurement value obtained based on the above measurement being less than the first threshold.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, upon being executed, cause the first device to perform an action, wherein the action is: Transmitting a first signal for sensing a target; Receiving a first reflection signal associated with the first signal; and Performing a measurement on the first reflection signal; including; A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in which switching for sensing the target is performed based on a first measurement value obtained based on the above measurement being less than a first threshold.

17. In the method, A step in which a second device receives, from a first device, information related to switching for sensing a target; and The second device comprises a step of performing switching for sensing the target; A method wherein a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target is smaller than a first threshold.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing said second device to perform an operation based on execution by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: Receiving information related to switching for sensing a target from a first device; and Performing switching for sensing the above target; including; A second device, wherein a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target is smaller than a first threshold.

19. In the processing device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions causing a second device to perform an operation based on execution by said at least one processor, said operation comprising: Receiving information related to switching for sensing a target from a first device; and Performing switching for sensing the above target; including; A processing device, wherein a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target is smaller than a first threshold.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, based on which they are executed, cause the second device to perform an action, wherein the action is: Receiving information related to switching for sensing a target from a first device; and Performing switching for sensing the above target; including; A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein a first measurement value obtained based on a measurement of a first reflected signal related to a first signal transmitted for sensing the target is less than a first threshold.

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