Wireless communication method and related apparatus

Abstract

A wireless communication method and related apparatus are provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. A first node obtains a first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence. The first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, and the first / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP. The first node transmits a reference signal based on the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. The first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence combines the / 2 BPSK technique and the Golay sequence, hence good auto-correlation property of the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, making it possible for the first node to transmit the reference signal with low peak to average power ration (PAPR).

Description

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD AND RELATED APPARATUSTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a wireless communication method and related apparatus.BACKGROUND

[0002] In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, a device, for example, a network device or a terminal, can perform channel estimation based on reference signals, and then restore data signals transmitted through data channels based on the channel estimation. If low peak to average power ration (PAPR) is ensured, it is more suitable for transmission with nonlinear channels. Thus, better channel estimation performance can be achieved, and the device can perform sensing tasks or other tasks based on channel estimation results.

[0003] This background information is provided to reveal information believed by the applicant to be of possible relevance to the present disclosure. No admission is necessarily intended, nor should be construed, that any of the preceding information constitutes prior art against the present disclosure.SUMMARY

[0004] In a first aspect, a wireless communication method is provided by the present disclosure, and the method comprises: obtaining a first 7i / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence, wherein the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first n / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), and the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, wherein the first jt / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; transmitting a reference signal based on the first r / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0005] The first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a first Golay sequence, and is asequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP which is a GCP or a quasi GCP, i.e., the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence combines the n / 2 BPSK technique and the Golay sequence, hence good auto-correlation property of the first TL / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, making it possible to transmit the reference signal with low peak to average power ration (PAPR). Further, coverage limitation of a terminal device can be reduced or avoided.

[0006] The wireless communication method may be applied to a first node, and the first node may be a terminal device, a communications module in a terminal, or a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem (Modem) chip, also referred to as a baseband (baseband) chip, or a system on chip (System on Chip) including a modem core) that is responsible for a communication function and that is in a terminal; SoC chip or system in package (SIP) chip, or may be a logical module or software that can implement all or some functions of the terminal device.

[0007] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the first TC / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first Golay sequence and a third Golay sequence form the first GCP.

[0008] The first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence are two sequences in the first JI / 2 BPSK GCP, the first Golay sequence and the third Golay sequence are two sequences in the first GCP. The first TC / 2 BPSK GCP can be generated from the first GCP, and in this case, two TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequences are generated simultaneously, thus high generation efficiency is ensured. A single n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can be generated based on a corresponding Golay sequence, and in this case, less computation amount would be ensured.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; wherein the obtaining a first / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence comprises: obtaining the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

[0010] The Golay sequence has better aperiodic correlation property compared to other types of sequences, and as a result, the Golay sequence is a good choice as a pilot sequence. The TC / 2 BPSK modulation is supported for reducing PAPR and boosting radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier efficiently. The first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating a real Golay sequencewith a modulation scheme, the modulation scheme ensures that the generated first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence forms a sequence of the first 7t / 2 BPSK GCP, so as to benefit from the auto good autocorrelation property of the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence which would be helpful for, e.g., completing sensing tasks, thus the solution combines the K / 2 BPSK modulation and the real Golay sequence. Hence, good auto-correlation property of the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, making it possible to transmit the reference signal with low PAPR. Further, coverage limitation of a terminal device may be reduced or avoided.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further comprises: obtaining a second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, wherein the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second K / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, wherein the second K / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; wherein the transmitting a reference signal based on the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence comprises: transmitting the reference signal based on the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different discrete Fourier transform- spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols.

[0012] The obtaining of the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is similar to the obtaining of the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, but the difference lies in that the input for obtaining the first K / 2 BPSK GCP is the first real GCP, while the input for obtaining the second K / 2 BPSK GCP is the second real GCP, which is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and the first symmetry function. The reference signal can be transmitted on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols based on the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, thus the first and the second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be used by different terminal devices or different operations for the same terminal device. Reference signal transmission in frequency domain on DFT-s-OFDM symbols can further reduce the PAPR.

[0013] It should be noted that, the first and the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequences are only illustrative but not restrictive, there may be more than two K / 2 BPSK Golay sequences for transmitting the reference signal on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols, which is not limited here.

[0014] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further comprises: obtaining the third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by modulating the third Golay sequence with the modulation scheme; the transmitting a reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence comprises: transmitting the reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the third TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0015] The first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the first n / 2 BPSK GCP, in addition to the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the third TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can also be used for transmitting the reference signal, the first and third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be generated from the first GCP using the same modulation scheme, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the reference signal.

[0016] Similarly, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a fourth n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the second n / 2 BPSK GCP, they can be generated from the second GCP using the same modulation scheme, in addition to the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the fourth n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can also be used for transmitting the reference signal, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the reference signal.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first Golay sequence is a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; wherein the obtaining a first n / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence comprises: obtaining the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, wherein the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

[0018] In the case that both the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the first Golay sequence are n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences, it is unnecessary to apply modulation on the first Golay sequence, an extension can be applied to the first Golay sequence with a relatively small length to obtain the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence with a relatively large length. The extension can be implementedby a first extension function, and the number of iterations depends on the length of the first Golay sequence and the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. For example, if the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is twice as the length of the first Golay sequence, applying the first extension function for one time may be enough when the first extension function has a capability of doubling a length of an input sequence.

[0019] The first Golay sequence is a sequence of the first GCP, and the first GCP can be predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme, which ensuring the flexibility for different requirements.

[0020] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further comprises: obtaining a second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, obtaining a second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, wherein the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; wherein the transmitting a reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence comprises: transmitting the reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols; wherein the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

[0021] After obtaining the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, there may be two ways to obtain the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, one way is applying the second symmetry function on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence; another way is firstly applying the second symmetry function on the first Golay sequence and then recursively applying the second extension function on a symmetric version of the first Golay sequence. An appropriate way can be chosen according to actual requirements.

[0022] The reference signal can be transmitted on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, thus the first and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be used by different terminal devices or different operations for the same terminal device. Reference signal transmission in frequency domain onDFT-s-OFDM symbols can further reduce the PAPR.

[0023] It should be noted that, the first and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences are only illustrative but not restrictive, there may be more than two TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequences for transmitting the reference signal on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols, which is not limited here.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further comprises: receiving first information indicative of the modulation scheme, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

[0025] The first information can be received by the terminal device from a network device, and the first information indicates the modulation scheme, the terminal device can perform subsequent processing based on the modulation scheme. At the network device’s side, it may schedule the appliance of different modulation schemes, such flexibility may be beneficial for meeting user needs in different scenarios.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a>-,<a, b>, <b, a>, wherein a, b are respectively reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b;<lj- a, lj- b>, <lj- b, lj • a>;<lj • a, b*>, <b*, lj • a>wherein j is imaginary unit.

[0027] Different second symmetry functions can be used for generating multiple symmetry versions, thereby meeting different requirements. In a possible implementation, the second symmetry function may be predefined, or the user side could be pre-configured with a set of second symmetry functions, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific secondsymmetry function, so the user side could use the notified second symmetry function.

[0028] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function.

[0029] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <ml\nl, ml \-nl>, wherein ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0030] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies: a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal version of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; wherein k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

[0031] There may be two modulation rules for the modulation scheme, and the specific modulation rule can be chosen according to actual requirements. When directly applying the 7i / 2 BPSK modulation scheme (which is applied on data transmission) on a real GCP, it cannot be guaranteed that the output sequence would satisfy the auto correlation property of a Golay sequence in a GCP, so in the proposed solution, specific modulation rules are defined to make it possible for generating a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence from a real GCP, therefore, based on the input sequence (e.g., the first Golay sequence), the output sequence (e.g., the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence) which has a good auto correlation property can be generated.

[0032] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function; wherein the second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP.

[0033] The first real GCP may be obtained by applying the first symmetry function on the base real GCP, in this case, a length of the first real GCP is equal to a length of the base real GCP, while a symmetric version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. The first real GCP may also be obtained by applying the second extension function on the base real GCP, e.g., for one time, and in this case, a length of the first real GCP is twice as a length of the base real GCP, and an extended version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. The first real GCP may also be obtained by first applying the first symmetry function on the base real GCP, and then applying the second extension function on the symmetric version of the base real GCP, e.g., for one time, and in this case, a length of the first real GCP is twice as a length of the base real GCP, and an extended version of the symmetric version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. A specific choice can be made according to actual requirements.

[0034] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, wherein the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0035] The second extension function can be applied for one or more times. In the case that the input for obtaining the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a real GCP, the second number of times depends on the modulation scheme and the length of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. In the case that the input for obtaining the first nil BPSK Golay sequence is a TC / 2 BPSK GCP, the second number of times depends on the modulation scheme, the first number of times for the first extension function and the length of the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0036] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function.

[0037] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, an input sequence pair for the second extension function is < l, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <m7 |«7, ml |-n7>, wherein ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0038] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the base real GCP is <x, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>;reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y>', performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <x, — y> or <— x, y> or <— x,-y>-, performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (-1)1• xl, C-iy - y1-

[0039] Different first symmetry functions can be used for generating multiple symmetry versions, thereby meeting different requirements. In a possible implementation, the first symmetry function may be predefined, or the user side could be pre-configured with a set of first symmetry functions, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific first symmetry function, so the user side could use the notified first symmetry function to determine its first real GCP.

[0040] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number.

[0041] The first real GCP has good auto-correlation property, and the first 7i / 2 BPSK GCP generated from the first real GCP also has good auto-correlation property.

[0042] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, auto-correlation of each sequence of the first K / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is a positive integer smaller than a threshold.

[0043] When the first n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first n / 2 BPSK GCP may have one peak; when the first C / 2 BPSK GCP is a quasi GCP, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first n / 2 BPSK GCP may have more peaks (e.g., three), the PARP would be even lower with quasi GCP. Thus, good auto-correlation property of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP is guaranteed, making it possible to transmit the reference signal with low PAPR.

[0044] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the reference signal corresponding to the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0045] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method is provided by the present disclosure, and the method comprises receiving a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is based on a first 7i / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence, the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained basedon a first Golay sequence, the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first n / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, and the first jt / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; processing the reference signal to obtain a measurement result.

[0046] The first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a first Golay sequence, and is a sequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP which is a GCP or a quasi GCP, i.e., the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence combines the n / 2 BPSK technique and the Golay sequence, hence good auto-correlation property of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, and the received reference signal has low peak to average power ration (PAPR). At the network device’s side, the received reference signal is used for channel estimation, better channel estimation performance can be achieved.

[0047] The wireless communication method may be applied to a second node, and the second node may be a network device, or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, a chip system, or a logical module or software) in a network device.

[0048] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; wherein the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

[0049] The Golay sequence has better aperiodic correlation property compared to other types of sequences, and as a result, the Golay sequence is a good choice as a pilot sequence. The TC / 2 BPSK modulation is supported for reducing PAPR and boosting radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier efficiently. The first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating a real Golay sequence with a modulation scheme, the modulation scheme ensures that the generated first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence forms a sequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP, so as to benefit from the auto good autocorrelation property of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence which would be helpful for, e.g., completing sensing tasks, thus the solution combines the n / 2 BPSK modulation and the real Golay sequence. Hence, good auto-correlation property of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, thus the received the reference signal has low PAPR.

[0050] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the reference signal is based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, wherein the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second n / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golaysequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, wherein the second jt / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; wherein the receiving a reference signal comprises: receiving the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols.

[0051] The obtaining of the second TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is similar to the obtaining of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, but the difference lies in that the input for obtaining the first TC / 2 BPSK GCP is the first real GCP, while the input for obtaining the second 7i / 2 BPSK GCP is the second real GCP, which is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and the first symmetry function. The network device can receive the reference signal on different DFT-s- OFDM symbols, and reference signal transmission in frequency domain on DFT-s-OFDM symbols can further reduce the PAPR.

[0052] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first Golay sequence is a 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a JC / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; wherein the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, wherein the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

[0053] In the case that both the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the first Golay sequence are 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequences, it is unnecessary to apply modulation on the first Golay sequence, an extension can be applied to the first Golay sequence with a relatively small length to obtain the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence with a relatively large length. The extension can be implemented by a first extension function, and the number of iterations depends on the length of the first Golay sequence and the length of the first zt / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. For example, if the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is twice as the length of the first Golay sequence, applying the first extension function for one time may be enough when the first extension function has a capability of doubling a length of an input sequence.

[0054] The first Golay sequence is a sequence of the first GCP, and the first GCP can be iipredefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme, which ensuring the flexibility for different requirements.

[0055] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the reference signal is based on the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, wherein the second JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, wherein the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; wherein the receiving a reference signal comprises: receiving the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform- spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols; wherein the second 7t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second 7i / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second K / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

[0056] After obtaining the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, there may be two ways to obtain the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, one way is applying the second symmetry function on the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence; another way is firstly applying the second symmetry function on the first Golay sequence and then recursively applying the second extension function on a symmetric version of the first Golay sequence. An appropriate way can be chosen according to actual requirements. The network device can receive the reference signal on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols, and reference signal transmission in frequency domain on DFT-s-OFDM symbols can further reduce the PAPR.

[0057] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further comprises: transmitting first information indicative of the modulation scheme, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

[0058] The first information can be transmitted from a network device to a terminal device, and the first information indicates the modulation scheme, such that the terminal device can perform subsequent processing based on the modulation scheme. At the network device’s side, it may schedule the appliance of different modulation schemes, such flexibility may be beneficial for meeting user needs in different scenarios.

[0059] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a>,-<a, b>, <b, a>, wherein a, b are respectively reversals of a, b<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b;<lj- a, lj- h>, <lj- ZJ, lj • a>;wherein j is imaginary unit.

[0060] Different second symmetry functions can be used for generating multiple symmetry versions, thereby meeting different requirements. In a possible implementation, the second symmetry function may be predefined, or the user side could be pre-configured with a set of second symmetry functions, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific second symmetry function, so the user side could use the notified second symmetry function.

[0061] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function.

[0062] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <w7|«7, ml \-nl>, wherein represents a concatenation.

[0063] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies: a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+ 1 )-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, anda (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal version of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; wherein k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

[0064] There may be two modulation rules for the modulation scheme, and the specific modulation rule can be chosen according to actual requirements. When directly applying the K / 2 BPSK modulation scheme (which is applied on data transmission) on a real GCP, it cannot be guaranteed that the output sequence would satisfy the auto correlation property of a Golay sequence in a GCP, so in the proposed solution, specific modulation rules are defined to make it possible for generating a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence from a real GCP, therefore, based on the input sequence (e.g., the first Golay sequence), the output sequence (e.g., the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence) which has a good auto correlation property can be generated.

[0065] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function; wherein the second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP.

[0066] The first real GCP may be obtained by applying the first symmetry function on the base real GCP, in this case, a length of the first real GCP is equal to a length of the base real GCP, while a symmetric version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. The first real GCP may also be obtained by applying the second extension function on the base real GCP, e.g., for one time, and in this case, a length of the first real GCP is twice as a length of the base real GCP, and an extended version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. The first real GCP may also be obtained by first applying the first symmetry function on the base real GCP, and then applying the second extension function on the symmetric version of the base real GCP, e.g., for one time, and in this case, a length of the first real GCP is twice as a length of the base real GCP, and an extended version of the symmetric version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. A specific choice can be made according to actual requirements.

[0067] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number oftimes, wherein the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0068] The second extension function can be applied for one or more times. In the case that the input for obtaining the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a real GCP, the second number of times depends on the modulation scheme and the length of the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. In the case that the input for obtaining the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a n / 2 BPSK GCP, the second number of times depends on the modulation scheme, the first number of times for the first extension function and the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0069] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function.

[0070] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, an input sequence pair for the second extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <ml \nl, ml \-nl>, wherein ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0071] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the base real GCP is <x, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>; reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y>; performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <x, —y> or <— x, y> or <— x, -y> performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (— l)1• xl, c-iy -

[0072] Different first symmetry functions can be used for generating multiple symmetry versions, thereby meeting different requirements. In a possible implementation, the first symmetry function may be predefined, or the user side could be pre-configured with a set of first symmetry functions, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific first symmetry function, so the user side could use the notified first symmetry function to determine its first real GCP.

[0073] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number.

[0074] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, auto-correlation of each sequence of the first / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is a positive integer smaller than a threshold.

[0075] When the first 7i / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first u / 2 BPSK GCP may have one peak; when the first TT / 2 BPSK GCP is a quasi GCP, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first n / 2 BPSK GCP may have more peaks (e.g., three), the PARP would be even lower with quasi GCP. Thus, good auto-correlation property of the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, and the received reference signal has low PAPR.

[0076] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the reference signal corresponding to the first 7t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0077] In a third aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the present disclosure, and the apparatus comprises various modules configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0078] In a fourth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the present disclosure, and the apparatus comprises various modules configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0079] In a fifth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the present disclosure, and the apparatus comprises at least one processor, where the at least one processor is configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0080] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, the above apparatus may further comprise a memory, and the memory stores instructions that cause the at least one processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0081] In a sixth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the presentdisclosure, and the apparatus is configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0082] In a seventh aspect, a first network element is provided by the present disclosure, and the first network element comprises processing circuitry for executing the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0083] In an eighth aspect, a second network element is provided by the present disclosure, and the second network element comprises processing circuitry for executing the wireless communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0084] In a ninth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided by the present disclosure, and the wireless communication system comprises the first network element according to the seventh aspect and the second network element according to the eighth aspect.

[0085] In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided by the present disclosure, and the chip comprises an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, where the processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0086] In an eleventh aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided by the present disclosure, and the computer-readable medium comprises storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0087] In a twelfth aspect, a computer program product is provided by the present disclosure, and the computer program product comprises computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0088] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program is provided by the present disclosure, and thecomputer program comprises computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0089] A wireless communication method and related apparatus are provided by the present disclosure. A terminal device obtains a first 7t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence. The first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of the first K / 2 BPSK GCP which is a GCP or a quasi GCP, i.e., the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence combines the n / 2 BPSK technique and the Golay sequence, hence good auto-correlation property of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, making it possible for the terminal device to transmit the reference signal with low peak to average power ration (PAPR). Further, coverage limitation of the terminal device can be reduced or avoided. At the network device side, the received reference signal may be used for channel sensing or channel estimation, better channel estimation performance can be achieved.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0090] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present disclosure together with the following specific embodiments, but should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0091] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0092] FIG. 2 is another schematic illustration of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0093] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of basic component structure of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0094] FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a device in a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0095] FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of Golay sequences transmitted in time domain and a sequence transmitted in frequency domain according to one or more embodiments of the presentdisclosure.

[0096] FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of transmitting the reference signal having low peak to average power ration according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0097] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the technical concept of generating the 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0098] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0099] FIG. 9 is another flowchart of a wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0100] FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of generating the 7i / 2 BPSK Golay DFTsOFDM based on a real Golay sequence according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0101] FIG. 11 is still another flowchart of a wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0102] FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of generating the TT / 2 BPSK Golay DFTsOFDM based on a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0103] FIGS. 13A and 13B are schematic illustrations of PAPR values corresponding to multiple GCPs with different methods according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0104] FIG. 14 is yet another flowchart of a wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0105] FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0106] FIG. 16 is a block diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0107] FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0108] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be usedin other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

[0109] To assist in understanding the present disclosure, examples of wireless communication systems and devices are described below.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 1, as an illustrative example without limitation, a simplified schematic illustration of a communication system is provided. The communication system 100 includes a radio access network 120. The radio access network 120 may be a future generation radio access network, or a legacy (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electric device (ED) I lOa-llOj (generically referred to as 110) may be interconnected to one another or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, generically referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. A core network 130 may be a part of the communication system and may be dependent or independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. Also, the communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160.

[0111] FIG. 2 illustrates an example communication system 100. In general, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to communicate data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 may be to provide content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, via broadcast, multicast and unicast, etc. The communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, between its constituent elements. The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system and / or a nonterrestrial communication system. The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications (such as earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.). The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in what may be considered a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. Compared to conventional communication networks, the heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link jointoperation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks.

[0112] The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered sub-systems of the communication system. In the example shown, the communication system 100 includes electronic devices (ED) llOa-l lOd (generically referred to as ED 110), radio access networks (RANs) 120a- 120b, non-terrestrial communication network 120c, a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160. The RANs 120a-120b include respective base stations (BSs) 170a-170b, which may be generically referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a- 170b. The nonterrestrial communication network 120c includes an access node 120c, which may be generically referred to as a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.

[0113] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any other T-TRP 170a- 170b and NT-TRP 172, the internet 150, the core network 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination of the preceding. In some examples, ED 110a may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over an interface 190a with T-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c and l lOd may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED llOd may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over an interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.

[0114] The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, such as any suitable radio access technology. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) in the air interfaces 190a and 190b. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may utilize other higher dimension signal spaces, which may involve a combination of orthogonal and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.

[0115] The air interface 190c can enable communication between the ED l lOd and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. In some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs and one or multiple NT-TRPs for multicast transmission.

[0116] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the core network 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the core network 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown), which may or may not be directly served by core network 130, and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as RAN 120a, RAN 120b or both. The core network 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b or EDs 110a 110b, and 110c or both, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the internet 150, and the other networks 160). In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto), the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate via wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown), and to the internet 150. PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS). Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP). EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and incorporate multiple transceivers necessary to support such.

[0117] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of an ED 110 and a base station 170a, 170b and / or 170c. The ED 110 is used to connect persons, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios, for example, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communications (MTC), internet of things (IOT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0118] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to) as a user equipment / device (UE), a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA), a machine type communication (MTC) device, a personal digitalassistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an loT device, an industrial device, or apparatus (e.g. communication module, modem, chip, or a logical module or software) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to using other terms. The base station 170a and 170b is a T-TRP and will hereafter be referred to as T-TRP 170. Also shown in FIG. 3, a NT-TRP will hereafter be referred to as NT-TRP 172. Each ED 110 connected to T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi- statically tumed-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled), turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.

[0119] The ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated, e.g., as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna 204 or network interface controller (NIC). The transceiver is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by the at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or processing signals received wirelessly or by wire. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.

[0120] The ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. The memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the ED 110. For example, the memory 208 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the processing unit(s) 210. Each memory 208 includes any suitable volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval device(s). Any suitable type of memory may be used, such as random-access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disc, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, on-processor cache, and the like.

[0121] The ED 110 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (such as a wired interface to the internet 150 in FIG. 1). The input / output devices permit interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device includes anysuitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, such as a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touch screen, including network interface communications.

[0122] The ED 110 further includes a processor 210 for performing operations including those related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission to the NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170, those related to processing downlink transmissions received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170, and those related to processing sidelink transmission to and from another ED 110. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing downlink transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Depending upon the embodiment, a downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g., by detecting and / or decoding the signaling). An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, e.g., beam angle information (BAI), received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations relating to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations relating to detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, e.g., using a reference signal received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170.

[0123] Although not illustrated, the processor 210 may form part of the transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203. Although not illustrated, the memory 208 may form part of the processor 210.

[0124] The processor 210, and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., in memory 208). Alternatively, some or all of the processor 210, and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and receiver 203 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphical processing unit (GPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0125] The T-TRP 170 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB), a transmission point (TP), a site controller, an access point (AP), or a wireless router, a relay station, a remote radio head, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, or a terrestrial base station, base band unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distribute unit (DU), positioning node, among other possibilities. The T-TRP 170 may be macro BSs, pico BSs, relay node, donor node, or the like, or combinations thereof. The T-TRP 170 may refer to the forging devices or apparatus (e.g., communication module, modem, chip, or a logical module or software) in the forgoing devices.

[0126] In some embodiments, the parts of the T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the T-TRP 170 may be located remote from the equipment housing the antennas of the T-TRP 170, and may be coupled to the equipment housing the antennas over a communication link (not shown) sometimes known as front haul, such as common public radio interface (CPRI). Therefore, in some embodiments, the term T-TRP 170 may also refer to modules on the network side that perform processing operations, such as determining the location of the ED 110, resource allocation (scheduling), message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that are not necessarily part of the equipment housing the antennas of the T-TRP 170. The modules may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, the T-TRP 170 may actually be a plurality of T-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g., through coordinated multipoint transmissions.

[0127] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 further includes a processor 260 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to NT-TRP 172, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the NT-TRP 172. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmissionmay include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, and demodulating and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations relating to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), generating the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates the indication of beam direction, e.g., BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by scheduler 253. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining where to deploy NT-TRP 172, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling, e.g., to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. Note that “signaling”, as used herein, may alternatively be called control signaling. Dynamic signaling may be transmitted in a control channel, e.g., a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and static or semi-static higher layer signaling may be included in a packet transmitted in a data channel, e.g., in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0128] A scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 may be included within or operated separately from the T-TRP 170, which may schedule uplink, downlink, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (“configured grant”) resources. The T-TRP 170 further includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the processor 260.

[0129] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may form part of the transmitter 252 and / or receiver 254. Also, although not illustrated, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253. Although not illustrated, the memory 258 may form part of the processor 260.

[0130] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the processing components of the transmitter 252 and receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processorsthat are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g., in memory 258. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the processing components of the transmitter 252 and receiver 254 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC.

[0131] Although the NT-TRP 172 is illustrated as a drone only as an example, the NT-TRP 172 may be implemented in any suitable non-terrestrial form, it should be noted that the NT-TRP 172 may be removed in some cases. Also, the NT-TRP 172 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, or a nonterrestrial base station. The NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 may be integrated as a transceiver. The NT-TRP 172 further includes a processor 276 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to T-TRP 170, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the T-TRP 170.Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, and demodulating and decoding received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g., BAI) received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 may generate signaling, e.g., to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing, but does not implement higher layer functions such as functions at the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layer. As this is only an example, more generally, the NT-TRP 172 may implement higher layer functions in addition to physical layer processing.

[0132] The NT-TRP 172 further includes a memory 278 for storing information and data.Although not illustrated, the processor 276 may form part of the transmitter 272 and / or receiver 274. Although not illustrated, the memory 278 may form part of the processor 276.

[0133] The processor 276 and the processing components of the transmitter 272 and receiver 274 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g., in memory 278. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 276 and the processing components of the transmitter 272 and receiver 274 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 may actually be a plurality of NT-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g., through coordinated multipoint transmissions.

[0134] The T-TRP 170, the NT-TRP 172, and / or the ED 110 may include other components, but these have been omitted for the sake of clarity.

[0135] One or more steps of the embodiment methods provided herein may be performed by corresponding units or modules, according to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 illustrates units or modules in a device, such as in ED 110, in T-TRP 170, or in NT-TRP 172. For example, a signal may be transmitted by a transmitting unit or a transmitting module. A signal may be received by a receiving unit or a receiving module. A signal may be processed by a processing unit or a processing module. Other steps may be performed by an artificial intelligence (Al) or machine learning (ML) module, which can be chosen or removed according to actual requirements. The respective units or modules may be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For instance, one or more of the units or modules may be an integrated circuit, such as a programmed FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC. It will be appreciated that where the modules are implemented using software for execution by a processor for example, they may be retrieved by a processor, in whole or part as needed, individually or together for processing, in single or multiple instances, and that the modules themselves may include instructions for further deployment and instantiation. It should be noted that, the modules shown in FIG. 4 are only illustrative and should not be construed as limitations to the embodiments of the present disclosure, more or less modules may be included in the device, which is not limited here. For example, the transmitting module and the receiving module may be replaced with one transceiving module. For another example, the ML module can be included or excluded from the device, depending on actual needs.

[0136] Additional details regarding the EDs 110, T-TRP 170, and NT-TRP 172 are known to those of skill in the art. As such, these details are omitted here.

[0137] The above describes possible scenarios or generalized description of the examples of the present disclosure, the motivation and technical concepts of the present disclosure are illustrated in the following.

[0138] Firstly, example concepts of some terms will be introduced.

[0139] Real / complex sequence: a sequence includes real / complex numbers.Sensing sequence: a pilot sequence which can be used for a sensing task.Complementary pairs: two Golay pair sequences 41,A2and 8^, 62 with length L whose aperiodic auto-correlations sum being zero in all out-of-phase positions are called a pair of complementary sequences: (2L, n = 0to, n * 0 where R - auto-correlation function.Auto-correlation: auto-correlation function R of sequences S with length L is defined as follows:Mutually orthogonal sequence: two complementary Golay sequences At and B, are said to be mutually orthogonal pairs if the sum of the corresponding cross-correlation functions is equal to zero: it,j=i RAiBj=0< where cross-correlation functionExtension function: the operation which twice increases the length of the initial sequence with preservation on properties of sequence.

[0140] Next, some techniques associated with technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described, which may include transmission manners for data and reference signal, and Golay sequence as pilot sequence.

[0141] In addition to the existing long-term evolution (LTE) modulation schemes, 5G New Radio (NR) introduces rc / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation in the uplink (UL) path. The 7i / 2 BPSK (or referred to as TT / 2-BPSK, or n / 2 BPSK modulation) {±1, ±i } is generated from the standard BPSK signal by multiplying the symbol sequence with a rotating phasor with phaseincrements per symbol period of rc / 2. 7t / 2-BPSK has the same bit error rate performance as BPSK over a linear channel, however, it exhibits less envelope variation and low peak to average power ration (PAPR), making it more suitable for transmission with nonlinear channels. This improves the power-amplifier (PA) efficiency cost in the mobile terminal at lower data rates.

[0142] Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) (format 3 and format 4) support n / 2-BPSK modulation. The n / 2-BPSK modulation is permitted when the channel is using the Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFTsOFDM or DFT-s-OFDM) waveform. DFTsOFDM waveform is designed to boost uplink coverage. In NR, / 2-BPSK modulation in combination with DFTsOFDM achieves a low PAPR data transmission to enable coverage enhancement for a power limited user equipment (UE).

[0143] Regarding the transmission of the reference signal, different methodologies can be defined to design low PAPR reference signal. The demodulation reference signal (DMRS) may be taken as an example of the reference signal, it should be noted that, there may be other types of reference signals, which is not limited here. DMRS employed in release 15 for coherent demodulation of the PUSCH and PUCCH is generated using Zadofif-Chu (ZC) sequences or quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) based Computer Generated Sequences (CGS) as specified in related art. The PAPR of these sequences is around 3.5-4 dB. ZC sequence based DMRS (i.e., DMRS generated using ZC sequences) has a 1-1.5 dB higher PAPR compared to 7i / 2-BPSK modulated DFT-s-OFDM PUSCH data symbols. In this case, a low PAPR UE would be coverage limited due to the higher PAPR of reference signal, e.g., DMRS. To fix this problem, another type of sequence may be used, for example, the Golay sequence.

[0144] Golay sequence as pilot sequence exhibits well, especially for sensing tasks. A sequence of n complex or real numbers, a =>an) is said to have length n. The real Golay sequence has the entries from the set {±1 }. The complex Golay sequence has the entries from the set {±1, ±t}. For each sequence a we assume its Hall polynomial fax)‘ xf We define an involution on the set of complex (Laurent) polynomials by *(x) = (x-1), where f is the polynomial obtained by replacing each of the coefficients of f with its complex conjugate. The auto-correlation of a sequence a is the sequence of positive degree coefficients of the polynomial faXx) ' fa (• )•a*canbe used to denote this sequence whose elements are those of a, conjugatedand in reverse order,

[0145] Golay complementary sequences (GCS) are ideal for sensing tasks because of autocorrelation properties. GCS (or GCP - Golay complementary pair) may have the property that the sum of their auto-correlation function vanishes at all non-zero integer delays, that means that the sum of the ambiguity function of Golay complementary sequences is sidelobe free, making them ideal for sensing tasks (e.g., radar range imaging). However, Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence and m- sequence do not have such property.

[0146] Definition of GCS may be as follows: two length- L unimodular sequences of real numbers x and y are GCS if the sum of their auto-correlation function satisfies Cx(k) + Cy(k) = 2 • L • 6k 0, where Cx(k") is the auto-correlation of x(Z) at lag k and 8k 0is the Kronecker delta function for k = — (L — !), ••• , (L — 1).

[0147] The condition in polynomial form for a, b to be a Golay complementary pair is:For real GCP:0, where fa(x) = SIU1 ai ’x'> fate-1) = SIU)1 ai 'x~l'>For complex GCP: faW ‘ fa te) + fbW ' fb ^) — 2 • n,for all x * 0, where fa(x) = SIU1 ai ’xi> fa fr) = SIU1 ai ’x~l-

[0148] In view of the above, 5G NR supports n / 2-BPSK modulation in combination with DFTsOFDM symbol in uplink channel, aiming at providing further reduction of PAPR and boosting radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier efficiently. Golay sequence is used for sensing tasks for its low ambiguity zone (LAZ) and large capacity. The Golay sequence train has 2x LAZ compared to PTM (Prouhet-Thue-Morse) based sequence train, in an example, LAZ corresponding to the Golay sequence may be 0.59 while LAZ corresponding to the PTM based sequence may be 0.28 under the same condition. Golay sequence built with Golay complementary pair (GCP) has better aperiodic correlation property compared to other types of sequences (e.g., Zadoff-Chu, m- sequence and others), thus it is no need for accurate synchronization.

[0149] However, in related art, Golay sequence train is transmitted directly in time domain, while the expected extension is transmission in frequency domain on DFTsOFDM symbol, that is, coexistent with 5G DFTsOFDM (SC-FDMA) waveform, so as to ensure low PARP of the system in which data has already been modulated with the n / 2-BPSK technique. As shown in FIG. 5, in related art, for example, PTM based sequence train may be: [1, -1, -1,1, -1, 1, 1, -1, ...], a Golaysequence train based on this PTM based sequence train using GCP <x, y> may be: [x, y, y, x, y, x, x, y, ...]. The Golay sequence train is transmitted directly in time domain, just as the upper part of FIG. 5. However, the expected extension would be: each Golay sequence in the Golay sequence train is processed to transmit on DFT-s-OFDM symbol, just as the lower part of FIG. 5.

[0150] Since Golay complementary pair is real value (-1, 1), its DFTsOFDM symbol has high peak to average power ration (PAPR). It is necessary to generate JT / 2-BPSK GCP and its DFTsOFDM symbol with low PAPR.

[0151] FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of transmitting a reference signal having low PAPR. The reference signal can also be a sounding reference signal (SRS), a phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS), or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. As shown in FIG. 6, a functional node may generate a binary RS sequence from a GCP, and map the binary RS sequence into a n / 2 BPSK constellation. Then, the functional node may generate DFT and OFDM symbols based on the 7i / 2 BPSK modulated binary RS sequence to produce RS having low PAPR. Next, the functional node may transmit the RS having low PAPR, e.g., on PUSCH or PUCCH. It should be noted that the functional node depicted in FIG. 6 is illustrative rather than restrictive, in practical applications, it may be separately deployed or integrated into a terminal device or a network device. Details about how to map the binary RS sequence into the 7i / 2 BPSK constellation, to be more general, how to map a Golay sequence into the n / 2 BPSK constellation or how to obtain a 7i / 2 BPSK modulated Golay sequence will be given in the following.

[0152] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the technical concept of generating the K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. The 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence or the aforementioned 7i / 2 BPSK modulated Golay sequence may be a sequence of the first or second rc / 2 BPSK GCP. The first and second n / 2 BPSK GCP can be used for transmitting the reference signal on different DFTsOFDM symbols. The first or second TC / 2 BPSK GCP can be generated from the first real GCP as shown in (1) of FIG. 7 or a TT / 2 BPSK GCP as shown in (2) of FIG. 7. It should be noted that the dashed lines in the figure may represent an optional operation, and more details about this figure will be described with different implementations in the following.

[0153] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a wireless communication method, as shown in FIG. 8, the method includes the following steps.

[0154] Step 802, a first node obtains a first n / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequencebased on a first Golay sequence.

[0155] Step 804, the first node transmits a reference signal based on the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0156] The first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), and the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, where the first K / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP (a n / 2 BPSK GCP or a quasi JC / 2 BPSK GCP). The first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence for transmitting a reference signal. The properties of the GCP have been defined in previous part, which will not be repeated herein for brevity. E.g., definition of a n / 2 BPSK GCP < x' , y' > is: n / 2 BPSK modulation, perfect auto-correlation (Rx'iX< + Ry',y' has 1 peak, others 0). Definition of a near or quasi / 2 BPSK GCP < x' , y ' > is:n12~ BPSK modulation, perfect auto-correlation (Rx'iX' + Ry',y’ has 3 peaks, others 0). The n / 2 BPSK modulated sequence may be an extended version of the K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the first Golay sequence may be a sequence of a first real GCP, that is, the first GCP is a first real GCP. In this case, the obtaining of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence would be based on a modulation scheme which is designed to give an output sequence satisfying the requirement of forming a part of GCP. The first Golay sequence, which serves as a basis for obtaining the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, may be predefined or be based on a base real GCP.

[0158] In the case where the first Golay sequence is predefined, for example, it is possible to set a table to predefine the first GCP and notify which GCP in the table is used as the first real GCP and which sequence of the first real GCP is used as the first Golay sequence (this could also be predefined, e.g., the first sequence in the first real GCP is the first Golay sequence). The table may be associated with the length of the first real GCP, for example, the first real GCP of length n=8 may be: x = [1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1], y = [ 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1]; the first real GCP of length n=10 may be: x = [1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1], y = [ 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1]; the first real GCP of length n=26 may be: x = [ 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, l], y = [ l, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1]; etc. Then the notification of the first Golay sequence may be implemented by notifying the length of the first real GCP, or simply by notifying the bandwidth which corresponds to the lengthof the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, in the case of notifying the bandwidth, the first node can select the approximate first real GCP to arrive at the required length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first node may or may not notify the second node of which sequence it has used.

[0159] In the case where the first Golay sequence is based on a base real GCP, the base real GCP may be subject to symmetric function / extension function to get the first real GCP, and then a part of the first real GCP is determined as the first Golay sequence. In this case, the base real GCP may also be predefined, e.g., using a table, the above table which reflects the length and the sequence for the first real GCP also applies for the base real GCP, that is, the base real GCP of length n=8 may be: x = [1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1], y = [ 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1]; the base real GCP of length n=10 may be: x = [1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1], y = [ 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1]; the base real GCP of length n=26 may be: x = [ 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, l, l, l], y = [ 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1]; etc. Then the specific symmetric function / extension function applied on the base real GCP may also be predefined or notified (e.g., by the network side), the notification of which GCP in the table is used as the base real GCP and which sequence of the first real GCP is used as the first Golay sequence would be similar to the case where the first Golay sequence is predefined.

[0160] In another possible implementation, the first Golay sequence may be a sequence of a TC / 2 BPSK GCP, that is, the first GCP is a K / 2 BPSK GCP. In this case, simple appliance of extension function on the first Golay sequence may be enough to arrive at the first JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. With respect to the first Golay sequence, it is also possible to predefine the first Golay sequence, or generate the first Golay sequence with an approximate method. In the case where the first Golay sequence is predefined, it is possible to use a table to predefine possible TC / 2 BPSK GCPs, and then notify which GCP in the table is used as the first GCP and which sequence of the first GCP is used as the first Golay sequence (this could also be predefined, e.g., the first sequence in the first GCP is the first Golay sequence). For example, the first Golay sequence would be x = [1 j 1 -j -1 j 1 j 1 j 1 j 1 -j -1 1]; y = [j 1 j 1-j -1 j 1 -j -1 -j -1 -j -1 j 1]; etc. In the case where the first Golay sequence is generated, one possible way is to use the above-described method to generate the first Golay sequence, in this case, we can use a sequence of a real GCP to generate a / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and let the generated / 2 BPSK Golay sequence be the first Golay sequence. The description related to the generation of the 7r / 2 BPSK Golay sequence also applies here, and will not berepeated for brevity.

[0161] Since the generated sequence is a JC / 2 BPSK Golay, the reference signal which is transmitted based on such 7i / 2 BPSK Golay would have a relatively low PARP. There is no restriction on how to generate the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, as long as the basis used for the transmission of the reference signal forms a part of a GCP or a quasi GCP.

[0162] In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS). Different types of reference signals may correspond to the same first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and different positions can be allocated for different types of reference signals.

[0163] The first node for implementing the method can be a terminal device (e.g., UE or any possible implementations of the ED 110 with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3), or a part of the terminal device (e.g., implemented as a module which can be integrated into a device), which is not limited here. It should be noted that in a case where the terminal device is implemented as a module, the transmitting operation may also be an outputting operation, it is not necessary to transmit but just to output the reference signal to a certain device with a transmission function, the specific details with regard to the transmitting operation performed by the first node throughout the document also apply for the outputting operation.

[0164] The reference signal can be received by a second node, and the second node may be a network device (e.g., BS or any possible implementations of the T-TRP 170 with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3), or a part of the network device (e.g., implemented as a module which can be integrated into a device), which is not limited here. It should be noted that in a case where the network device is implemented as a module, the receiving operation may also be an inputting operation, it is not necessary to receive but just to input the reference signal from a certain device with a receiving function, the specific details with regard to the receiving operation performed by the second node throughout the document also apply for the inputting operation.

[0165] It should be noted that, in scenarios where UE and BS communicate with each other, the terminal device may be UE, and the network device may be BS.

[0166] In a possible implementation, the first rc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the first 7i / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first Golay sequence and a third Golaysequence form the first GCP. The first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the third TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence are two sequences in the first JI / 2 BPSK GCP, the first Golay sequence and the third Golay sequence are two sequences in the first GCP. The first zt / 2 BPSK GCP can be generated from the first GCP, and in this case, two n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences are generated simultaneously, thus high generation efficiency is ensured. A single ?t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can be generated based on a corresponding Golay sequence, and in this case, less computation amount would be ensured.

[0167] In a possible implementation, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first TC / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is a positive integer smaller than a threshold. For example, when the first n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first n / 2 BPSK GCP has one peak; when the first TC / 2 BPSK GCP is a quasi GCP, autocorrelation of each sequence in the first TC / 2 BPSK GCP has more peaks (e.g., three peaks), the PARP would be even lower with quasi GCP. Thus, good auto-correlation property of the first / 2 BPSK GCP is guaranteed, making it possible to transmit the reference signal with low PAPR.

[0168] There may be different manners for obtaining the first TE / 2 BPSK Golay sequence which depends on the form of the first Golay sequence, for example, the first Golay sequence may be a real Golay sequence or a 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and specific details will be described in the following.

[0169] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; step 702 may be: the first node obtains the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme. The first real GCP has good auto-correlation property, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number. The Golay sequence has better aperiodic correlation property compared to other types of sequences, and as a result, the Golay sequence is a good choice as a pilot sequence. The n / 2 BPSK modulation is supported for reducing PAPR and boosting radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier efficiently. The first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating a real Golay sequence with a modulation scheme, the modulation scheme ensures that the generated first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence forms a sequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP, so as to benefit from the auto good auto-correlation property of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence which would be helpful for, e.g., completing sensing tasks, thusthe solution combines the K / 2 BPSK modulation and the real Golay sequence. Hence, good autocorrelation property of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, making it possible to transmit the reference signal with low PAPR. Further, coverage limitation of a terminal device may be reduced or avoided.

[0170] The first Golay sequence (i.e., a sequence of the first real GCP) may be an input sequence of the modulation scheme, and an output sequence of the modulation scheme may be the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. For example, the first real GCP of length n=l may be: x = [1], y —

[0001] ; the first real GCP of length n=8 may be: x = [1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1], y = [ 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1]; the first real GCP of length n=10 may be: x = [1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1], y = [ 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1]; the first real GCP of length n=26 may be: x = [ 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1], y = [ 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1]; etc. It should be noted that, in some cases, the first real GCP may be the base or initial real GCP. As mentioned before, the first GCP can be notified.

[0171] In a possible implementation, an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies: a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal version of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; where k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

[0172] For example, the first real GCP of length L may be defined as <x, y>, mutually orthogonal version of the first real GCP of length L may be defined as <x, y>, the first TC / 2 BPSK GCP of length 2L may be defined as <%', y'>. There may be two methods or modulation rules from the first real GCP of length L to the first 7i / 2 BPSK GCP of length 2L. Method 1: even elements (2k) of the x' is x real GCP, odd element (2 k + 1) of the x' is x real GCP multiplied by imaginary unit, the same for y', k = 0, L — 1. Method 2: even elements (2k) of the x' is x real GCP, odd element (2 k + 1) of the x' is x real GCP multiplied by imaginary unit, the same for y’.

[0173] The specific modulation rule can be chosen according to actual requirements. When directly applying the n / 2 BPSK modulation scheme (which is applied on data transmission) on a real GCP, it cannot be guaranteed that the output sequence would satisfy the auto correlationproperty of a Golay sequence in a GCP, so in the proposed solution, specific modulation rules are defined to make it possible for generating a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence from a real GCP, therefore, based on the input sequence (e.g., the first Golay sequence), the output sequence (e.g., the first it / 2 BPSK Golay sequence) which has a good auto correlation property can be generated.

[0174] It should be noted that, a 2k-th element and a (2k+l)-th of the output sequence of the modulation scheme can further be multiplied by a constant phasor, e.g., any complex numbers.

[0175] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is used as an initial GCP for generating the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and in another possible implementation, a base real GCP is used as an initial GCP for generating the first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first real GCP may be obtained based on the base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function, as shown in (1) of FIG. 7. The second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP. The first real GCP may be obtained by applying the first symmetry function on the base real GCP, in this case, a length of the first real GCP is equal to a length of the base real GCP, while a symmetric version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. The first real GCP may be obtained by applying the second extension function on the base real GCP, e.g., for one time, and in this case, a length of the first real GCP is twice as a length of the base real GCP, and an extended version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. The first real GCP may be obtained by first applying the first symmetry function on the base real GCP, and then applying the second extension function on the symmetric version of the base real GCP, e.g., for one time, and in this case, a length of the first real GCP is twice as a length of the base real GCP, and an extended version of the symmetric version of the base real GCP may be taken as the first real GCP. A specific choice may be made according to actual requirements.

[0176] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, where the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first 7t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. The second extension function can be applied for one or more times. In the case that the input for obtaining the first U / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a real GCP, since the base GCP would be subject to the second number of appliance of the second extension function toget the first GCP, and then the first Golay sequence in the first GCP would be modulated with the modulation scheme to arrive at the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the second number of times depends on the modulation scheme (the ratio of lengths of input and output sequences of the modulation scheme) and the length of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. In a possible implementation, the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence would be corresponding to the bandwidth for transmitting the reference signal associated with the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, so one possible choice is to first determine the length of the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on the configured bandwidth, then choose an approximate base GCP to get the determined length.

[0177] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function. In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the second extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <ml\nl, ml\-nl>, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation. For example, if the length of the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is 8L, a length of the base real GCP is L, since the modulation scheme would double the length of the base real GCP, the second extension function would be applied for twice. It should be noted that, the aforementioned implementation of the second extension function is only illustrative but not restrictive, there may be other implementations, which is not limited herein.

[0178] In a possible implementation, the base real GCP is <x, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>; reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y>; performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <%, — y> or <— x, y> or <— x, -y> performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (— l)1■ xl, C-iy . .

[0179] In the above, reversal means that each vector would be in opposite order, for example: x = [1 2 3 4 5], the reversal x = [5 4 3 2 1]. Negation means that each element of a sequence is multiplied by - 1. Different first symmetry functions can be used for generating multiple first real GCPs, thereby meeting different requirements. It should be noted that, the aforementioned implementations of the first symmetry function are only illustrative but not restrictive, there maybe other implementations, which is not limited herein.

[0180] In a possible implementation, the user side could be pre-configured with a set of first symmetry functions, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific first symmetry function, so the user side could use the notified first symmetry function to determine its first real GCP. As one possible implementation, the pre-configuration would be in the form of a table.

[0181] In a possible implementation, the user side could be pre-configured with a set of first / second extension functions, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific first / second extension function, so the user side could use the notified first / second extension function. As one possible implementation, the pre-configuration would be in the form of a table.

[0182] The above mainly describes the case of generating a single n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence for transmitting the reference signal (e.g., generation of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP as shown in (1) of FIG. 7), multiple n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be generated in a similar way (e.g., generation of the first and second n / 2 BPSK GCPs as shown in (1) of FIG. 7), which will be introduced in the following. As shown in FIG. 9, the method includes the following steps.

[0183] Step 902, a first node obtains a first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence and a modulation scheme. The first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first real GCP, where the first n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

[0184] Step 904, the first node obtains a second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme. The second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second n / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, where the second n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function.

[0185] Step 906, the first node transmits a reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

[0186] Reference may be made to the foregoing description for the obtaining of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, which will not be repeated here. The obtaining of the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is similar to the obtaining of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, but the difference lies in that the input for obtaining the first n / 2 BPSK GCP is the first real GCP, while the input for obtaining the second n / 2 BPSK GCP is the second real GCP, which is obtained based on a basereal GCP for the first real GCP and the first symmetry function, that is, with respect to different DFT-s-OFDM symbols, the base real GCPs for generating n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences have a symmetric relationship, one is a symmetric version of another. It should be noted that, in some cases, the second real GCP can also be obtained by first applying the first symmetry function on the base real GCP and then applying the second extension on the symmetry version of the base real GCP.

[0187] The reference signal can be transmitted on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols based on the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, thus the first and second TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be used by different terminal devices or different operations for the same terminal device. Reference signal transmission in frequency domain on DFT-s-OFDM symbols can further reduce the PAPR.

[0188] It should also be noted that, the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence are only illustrative but not restrictive, there may be more than two K / 2 BPSK Golay sequences for transmitting the reference signal on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols, which is not limited here.

[0189] In a possible implementation, the first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a third TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the first 7i / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first Golay sequence and a third Golay sequence form the first real GCP. In addition to the first x / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the third TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can also be used for transmitting the reference signal, the first and third jr / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be generated from the first GCP using the same modulation scheme, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the reference signal. For example, the terminal device can transmit the reference signal with the first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol 1 , and with the third TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol 2.

[0190] Similarly, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a fourth 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the second n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second Golay sequence and a fourth Golay sequence form the second real GCP. The second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the fourth n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can be generated from the second GCP using the same modulation scheme, in addition to the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the fourth TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can also be used for transmitting the reference signal, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the reference signal. For example, the terminal device can transmit the reference signal with the secondK / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol 3, and with the fourth n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol4.

[0191] Next, example 1 will be given to further elaborate the above generation process of a71BPSK Golay sequence (a sequence of K / 2-BPSK GCP, e.g., the aforementioned first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence) from a real GCP (e.g., the aforementioned first real GCP).

[0192] Initially, the first real GCP of length L is generated, thenBPSK GCP of length 2L, 4L, ... can be generated based on the first real GCP. In an example, the length of a real Golay sequence x (i.e., a sequence of the first real GCP) is L, after applying method 1 or method 2, the length of a complexBPSK sequence (i.e., a sequence ofBPSK GCP) is 2L.

[0193] The aforementioned method 1 or method 2 would be illustrated. For a first real GCP <x, y> of length L and its mutually orthogonal version < x, y > of length L, K / 2-BPSK GCP <x', y’> of length 2L can be expressed as follows.

[0194] Method i :k = 0, ... , L — 1

[0195] Method 2: x'(2 / c) = x(fc), x'(2 / c + 1) = x( / c) x j, y'Clk) = y(k),y'(2k + 1) = y(fc) x j, k = 0, ... , L - l

[0196] Method 1 has near / quasi perfect aperiodic auto-correlation (2 taps non-zero sidelobe near peak), and method 2 has perfect aperiodic auto-correlation.

[0197] Multiple71 / 2~ BPSK GCPs can be generated based on method 1 or method 2. In an example, firstly, the symmetry function (i.e., the aforementioned first symmetry function) can be applied to generate multiple first real GCPs, then multiple ^^-BPSK GCPs can be obtained based on multiple first real GCPs and method 1 / method 2.

[0198] The first real GCP may include a base real GCP, symmetry versions of the base real GCP after applying the symmetry function, the extended version of the base real GCP after applying the extension function (e.g., the aforementioned second extension function), the extended version of the symmetry versions of the base real GCP, etc.

[0199] To increase the length of an input sequence for method 1 or method 2, e.g., from L to n*L, an extension function can be used for one or more times. In an example, firstly, a base real GCP <x, y> of length L is generated, where the lengths of real sequences x and y of the initial or base real GCP are equal. The extension function can be applied on the base real GCP to generate the first real GCP with 2L-length, then K / 2-BPSK GCP with 4L-length can be generated through method 1 or method 2. The first real GCP obtained by the extension function can be expressed as < x\y, x|-y >, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0200] It should be noted that, the symmetry function and the extension function can be applied to the base real GCP respectively to obtain the first real GCP. The symmetry function can also be applied to the base real GCP firstly, and then, the extension function is applied to the symmetry version of the base real GCP to obtain the first real GCP. Thus, multiple first real GCPs with length larger than the length of the base real GCP can be obtained with the symmetry function and the extension function, e.g., (-x,y) -» (-x|y, -x| - y) or (x,y) -» (x|y, x| - y) or (x, y) (x|y, x| — y), etc. In a possible implementation, the user side could be pre-configured with a set of symmetry function and extension function, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific way to generate the first real GCP based on the base real GCP, e.g., notify the symmetry function and / or the extension function, so the user side could use the notified functions to determine its first real GCP.

[0201] In related art,nBPSK modulation DFTsOFDM with frequency domain spectrum shaping (FDSS) has near 2 dB PAPR. However,- BPSK Golay DFTsOFDM (e.g., DFTsOFDM in combination with the 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence) in the present disclosure has much lower PAPR, e.g., with method 1 PAPR=0.8 dB, and with method 2 PAPR= 1.7 dB.

[0202] FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of generating theBPSK Golay DFTsOFDM based on a real Golay sequence. The real Golay sequence may be a sequence of the real GCP, and the extension function can be applied on the real Golay sequence if necessary. Next, the real Golay sequence or the extended version of the real Golay sequence may be served as the input of method 1 or method 2, the output of method 1 or method 2 would be a TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. DFTsOFDM symbols may be generated based on the TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0203] The above describes the case where the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained basedon a real Golay sequence (e.g., generation of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP as shown in (1) of FIG. 7), and next, details about the first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence obtained based on a JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence will be described (e.g., generation of the first TC / 2 BPSK GCP as shown in (2) of FIG. 7). It should be noted that in this implementation, the obtaining of the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence starts from a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, so the jt / 2 BPSK Golay sequence as a starting point may be predefined or may be generated with an approximate method, e.g., the above method described for generating a K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a sequence of a real GCP can be applied herein, related descriptions will be omitted for brevity.

[0204] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a 7c / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a K / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; step 702 may be: the first node obtains the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, where the first number is a positive integer, since the first Golay sequence would be subject to the first number of appliance of the first extension function to get the first rc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first number may be determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme. Here it should be noted that the first extension function would be applied on a GCP, and after the extended GCP is determined, if merely one sequence of the extended GCP is needed, then it is possible to choose any one of the extended GCP as the desired sequence (e.g., the first JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence). In a possible implementation, the length of the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence would be corresponding to the bandwidth for transmitting the reference signal associated with the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, so one possible choice is to first determine the length of the first jt / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on the configured bandwidth, then choose an approximate first Golay sequence to get the determined length.

[0205] In the case that both the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the first Golay sequence are n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences, it is unnecessary to apply modulation on the first Golay sequence, an extension can be applied to the first Golay sequence with a relatively small length to obtain the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence with a relatively large length. The extension can be implemented by a first extension function, and the number of iterations depends on the length of the first Golay sequence and the length of the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. For example, if the length of thefirst 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is twice as the length of the first Golay sequence, applying the first extension function for one time may be enough when the first extension function has a capability of doubling a length of an input sequence.

[0206] The first GCP may be a n / 2 BPSK GCP with a relatively small length, and the first TT / 2 BPSK GCP may be a TC / 2 BPSK GCP with a relatively large length. In this case, the first extension function may be applied on the first GCP to obtain the first K / 2 BPSK GCP. For example, if the length of the first zr / 2 BPSK GCP is 8L, and the length of the first GCP is L, then, the first extension function (with a capability of doubling input sequence’s length) may be applied for three times, an extended version of the first GCP with length 2L (denoted as sequence 1) may be obtained for the first time, an extended version of sequence 1 with length 4L (denoted as sequence 2) may be obtained for the second time, and finally an extended version of sequence 2 with length 8L (i.e., the first 7i / 2 BPSK GCP with length 8L)may be obtained for the third time.

[0207] The first GCP may be a predefined TI / 2 BPSK GCP, for example, may be in form of x = [1 j 1 -j -1 j 1 j 1 j 1 j 1 -j -1 1], y = [j 1 j 1-j -1 j 1 -j -1 -j -1 -j -1 j 1]. The first GCP may also be obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme, the foregoing implementation details can also apply here, and will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. As mentioned before, the first GCP can be notified.

[0208] The above describes the case of obtaining a single TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence for transmitting the reference signal (e.g., generation of the first / 2 BPSK GCP as shown in (2) of FIG. 7), multiple TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be obtained (e.g., generation of the first and second K / 2 BPSK GCPs as shown in (2) of FIG. 7), which will be introduced in the following. As shown in FIG. 11, the method includes the following steps.

[0209] Step 1102, a first node obtains a first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0210] Step 1104A, the first node obtains a second 7t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, Step 1104B, the first node obtains a second rc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP. The symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function. Here it should be noted that the second extension function would be applied on a GCP, and after the extended GCP is determined, if merely one sequence of the extended GCP is needed, then it is possible to choose any one of the extended GCPas the desired sequence (e.g., the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence).

[0211] Step 1106, the first node transmits the reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

[0212] The second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP. Regarding the obtaining of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, reference may be made to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here. There may be two ways to obtain the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and an appropriate way can be chosen according to actual requirements. One way is applying the second symmetry function on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence; another way is firstly applying the second symmetry function on the first GCP and then recursively applying the second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP.

[0213] The reference signal can be transmitted on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, thus the first and the second JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be used by different terminal devices or different operations for the same terminal device. Reference signal transmission in frequency domain on DFT-s-OFDM symbols can further reduce the PAPR.

[0214] It should be noted that, the first and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences are only illustrative but not restrictive, there may be more than two n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences for transmitting the reference signal on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols, which is not limited here.

[0215] In a possible implementation, the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the first n / 2 BPSK GCP, in addition to the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can also be used for transmitting the reference signal, the first and third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequences can be generated from the first GCP using the same modulation scheme, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the reference signal. For example, the terminal device can transmit the reference signal with the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol 1, and with the third n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol 2. Similarly, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a fourth n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence form the second n / 2 BPSK GCP, in addition to the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the fourth n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence can also be used for transmitting the reference signal, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the reference signal. For example, the terminal device can transmit the referencesignal with the second zr / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol 3, and with the fourth 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on symbol 4.

[0216] In a possible implementation, the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a>;<a, b>, <b, a>, where a, b are respectively reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b;<lj- a, lj- b>, <lj- b, lj • a>;where j is imaginary unit.

[0217] Different second symmetry functions can be used for generating multiple symmetry versions, thereby meeting different requirements. In a possible implementation, the second symmetry function may be predefined, or the user side could be pre-configured with a set of second symmetry functions, then the network side may notify the user side of the specific second symmetry function, so the user side could use the notified second symmetry function. It should be noted that, the aforementioned implementations of the second symmetry function are only illustrative but not restrictive, there may be other implementations, which is not limited herein.

[0218] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function. In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <ml \nl, ml\-nl>, where ‘ | ’ represents a concatenation. It should be noted that, the aforementioned implementation of the first extension function is only illustrative but not restrictive, there may be other implementations, which is not limited herein.

[0219] In a possible implementation, in the case that the first 7t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence isobtained by recursively applying the first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, and the first GCP is obtained by modulating the first real GCP with the modulation scheme, the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, where the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme, the first number of times for applying the first extension function and the length of the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. Here the modulation scheme would be as same as the aforementioned modulation scheme, and related description is omitted herein for brevity. In an example, the length of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is 8L, the length of the first GCP (i.e., the output sequence of the modulation scheme) is 4L, then, the first number of times for applying the first extension function would be 1. Since the modulation scheme will double the length of the input sequence (i.e., the first real GCP), the first real GCP would be in length of 2L, and the base GCP is of length L, in this case, the second number of times for applying the second extension function would be 1.

[0220] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving first information indicative of the modulation scheme, where the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC). The modulation scheme can be indicated by the second node (e.g., BS). For example, the first information can be received by the terminal device from a network device, and the first information indicates the modulation scheme, the terminal device can perform subsequent processing based on the modulation scheme. The first information can also indicate method 1 or method 2 for modulation, the symmetry functions, the extension functions, and the given bandwidth to be measured according to actual requirements. At the network device’s side, it may schedule the appliance of different modulation schemes, symmetry functions, and extension functions, such flexibility may be beneficial for meeting user needs in different scenarios.

[0221] Next, example 2 will be given to further elaborate the above generation process of a71BPSK Golay sequence (a sequence of TI / 2-BPSK GCP, e.g., the aforementioned first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence) with a relatively large length from a71I — BPSK Golay sequence with a relative small length.

[0222] Suppose the71 / 2~ BPSK Golay sequence generated with method 1 or method 2 fromexample 1 is an initial sequence for example 2. It should be noted that, the71j- - BPSK Golay sequence can also be pre-defined. This initial sequence may be referred to as a kernel71f BPSK Golay sequence of length Lker, then longer71j^- BPSK Golay sequence of length L can be generated based on kernelBPSK Golay sequence. For ease of implementation, / Lkerwould have a factor of 2. An extension function (the aforementioned first extension function) can be used to generate the longer71BPSK Golay sequence. The extension function has the same form as example 1 , which is not repeated here. A symmetry function (the aforementioned second symmetry function) can be used to generate multiple longerBPSK Golay sequences.

[0223] FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of generating the71j^- BPSK Golay DFTsOFDM based on a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence. The extension function can be applied on the n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence if necessary. Next, DFTsOFDM symbols may be generated based on the n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0224] FIGS. 13 A and 13B are schematic illustrations of PAPR values corresponding to multiple GCPs of length L=32 with method 2 and method 1 respectively. Specific PAPR values are illustrated in corresponding tables, and auto-correlation for GCP is shown in the lower part of corresponding figures. FIG. 13A shows the case of a GCP of perfect auto-correlation with 1 peak, while FIG. 13B shows the case of a near or quasi GCP of perfect auto-correlation with 3 peaks. It can be seen that, method 2 has better auto-correlation property compared to method 1, but the PAPR value is higher. The choice for which method and which symmetry function can be made according to actual requirements to achieve a desired result.

[0225] In view of the above, embodiments of the present disclosure propose the idea of generating a BPSK modulated sequence (a specific example of the above first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence) from aBPSK Golay sequence (a specific example of the above first Golay sequence being a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence), and then generating a DFTsOFDM symbol based on the7r / 2~ BPSK modulated sequence. TheBPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a7r / 2~ BPSK GCP or a near (or quasi) ^^-BPSK GCP.

[0226] Then / - - BPSK Golay sequence can obtained from a real GCP with method 1 or method 2. Suppose <x, y> - real GCP of length L, < x, y >- mutually orthogonal (RXiX+ Ry,y = 0) version of a real GCP with length L, <x', y'> - BPSK GCP with length 2L. Method 1 would be to let even elements (2 / c) of the x' be x in real GCP, and odd element (2 / c + 1) of the x' be x in a real GCP multiplied by imaginary unit, the same for y' , k = 0, ... , L — 1. Method 2 would be to let even elements (2 / c) of the x' be x in real GCP, and odd element (2 / c + 1) of the x' be x in the mutually orthogonal version of the real GCP multiplied by imaginary unit, the same for y' . An extension function can be applied to a real GCP with a relatively small length (e.g., < L) to generate a real GCP with a relatively large length (e.g., L). Multiple real GCPs can be generated by a symmetry function.

[0227] The longerBPSK Golay sequence can also be obtained from a short ‘kernel’71 / BPSK Golay sequence with an extension function. Multiple ‘kernel’7r / 2“ BPSK GCPs can be obtained by a complex symmetry function. The7r / 2- BPSK modulated sequence can be an extended version of the longer7r / 2- BPSK Golay sequence.

[0228] There may be some restriction on the length of Golay sequences. 2-phase Golay real sequence {+1, -1 } can be taken as an example in the present disclosure. In related art, the allowable lengths of 2-phase Golay sequence pairs would be less than 100, and it is also derivable. In addition to length 1, the allowable lengths should be even and that cannot be divisible by a prime = 3 (mod 4). Thus, a list of the “allowable” lengths less than 100 would be {1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 16, 20, 26, 32, 34, 40, 50, 52, 58, 64, 68, 74, 80, 82}. For a sequence with this “base” length, an extension function can be applied to increase the length in 2*N times, where N is an integer. That is, the above lengths can be used as base real GCPs / first real GCPs.

[0229] Suppose a length corresponding to the given bandwidth is 20, a base sequence with the allowable length can be obtained. In an example, a base sequence with length 10 may be: x = [1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1]; y = [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1], or, x = [l, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1], y = [1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1]. This length 10 sequence would be used as the first Golay sequence in the first real GCP, and then, method 1 or method 2 can be applied to increase the length. After that, an extension function can be used to further increase the length.

[0230] In the above-described wireless communication method, a terminal device obtains a first Till BPSK Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence. The first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP which is a GCP or a quasi GCP, i.e., the first rc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence combines the TI / 2 BPSK technique and the Golay sequence, hence good autocorrelation property of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is guaranteed, making it possible for the terminal device to transmit the reference signal with low peak to average power ration (PAPR). Further, coverage limitation of the terminal device can be reduced or avoided.

[0231] In the above, the wireless communication method of the present disclosure is described from the perspective of a first node. In the following, a wireless communication method of the present disclosure will be described from the perspective of a second node in combination with FIG. 14. FIG. 14 shows a schematic flowchart of another wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The method can be implemented by a second node. As shown in FIG. 14, the method may include the following steps.

[0232] Step 1402, a second node receives a reference signal. The reference signal is based on a first nil binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence, the first nil BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a first Golay sequence, the first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, and the first n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

[0233] Step 1404, the second node processes the reference signal to obtain a measurement result.

[0234] The wireless communication method can be executed by a second node, and the second node may be a network device (e.g., BS or any possible implementations of the T-TRP 170 with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3), or a part of the network device (e.g., implemented as a module which can be integrated into a device), which is not limited here. It should he noted that in a case where the network device is implemented as a module, the receiving operation may also be an inputting operation, it is not necessary to receive but just to input the reference signal from a certain device with a receiving function, the specific details with regard to the receiving operation performed by the second node throughout the document also apply for the inputting operation.

[0235] For step 1402, reference may be made to the forgoing relevant description, which will not be repeated here. Regarding the implementation of step 1404, reference may be made to relevant description in related art.

[0236] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; where the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

[0237] In a possible implementation, the reference signal is based on the first 7r / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, where the second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second K / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, where the second 7i / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; where the receiving a reference signal includes: receiving the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols.

[0238] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a TT / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; where the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, where the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

[0239] In a possible implementation, the reference signal is based on the first jr / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, where the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, where the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; where the receiving a reference signal includes: receiving the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols; where the second TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second TT / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second JI / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

[0240] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:transmitting first information indicative of the modulation scheme, where the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

[0241] In a possible implementation, the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a>;<a, b>, <b, a>, where a, b are respectively reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b;<lj- a, lj- b>, <lj- b, lj • a>;where j is imaginary unit.

[0242] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function.

[0243] In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <ml \nl, ml\-nl>, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0244] In a possible implementation, an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies: a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l )-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal version of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; where k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

[0245] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function; where the second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP.

[0246] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, where the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0247] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function.

[0248] In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the second extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <ml\nl, ml\-nl>, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0249] In a possible implementation, the base real GCP is <x, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>; reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y>; performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <x, —y> or <— x, y> or <— x, -y>; performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (— l)1• xl,

[0250] In a possible implementation, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number.

[0251] In a possible implementation, auto-correlation of each sequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is a positive integer smaller than a threshold.

[0252] In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) ora demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0253] It should be understood by a person skilled in the art that, the relevant description of the wireless communication method from the perspective of the second node in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood with reference to the relevant description of the wireless communication method from the perspective of the first node in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0254] Next, embodiments of products related to the wireless communication methods will be described.

[0255] FIG. 15 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 15, the wireless communication apparatus may include a first obtaining module 1502 and a first transmitting module 1504.

[0256] The first obtaining module 1502 is configured to obtain a first n / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence, where the first JI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first n / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), and the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, where the first JC / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP. The first transmitting module 1504 is configured to transmit a reference signal based on the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0257] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; where the first obtaining module 1502 is specifically configured to obtain the first jr / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

[0258] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a second obtaining module 1506, configured to obtaining a second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, where the second TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second K / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; where the first transmitting module is specifically configured to transmit the reference signal based on the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols.

[0259] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a jr / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a / 2 BPSK GCP; where the first obtaining module is specifically configured to obtain the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, where the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

[0260] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a second obtaining module 1506, configured to obtain a second TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on the first rc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, obtain a second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, where the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; where the first transmitting module is specifically configured to transmit the reference signal based on the first 71 / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

[0261] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a first receiving module 1508, configured to receive first information indicative of the modulation scheme, where the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

[0262] In a possible implementation, the first TI / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a>;<a, b>, <b, a>, where a, b are respectively reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b;<lj- a, lj- b>, <lj- b, Ij • a>;where j is imaginary unit.

[0263] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function.

[0264] In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <ml \nl, ml\-nl>, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0265] In a possible implementation, an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies: a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal version of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; where k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

[0266] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function; where the second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP.

[0267] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, where the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0268] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function.

[0269] In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the second extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <w7|«7, ml \-nl>, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0270] In a possible implementation, the base real GCP is <x, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>; reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y>; performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <x, — y> or <— x, y> or <— x, -y> performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (— l)1• xl, C-iy - y1-

[0271] In a possible implementation, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number.

[0272] In a possible implementation, auto-correlation of each sequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is a positive integer smaller than a threshold.

[0273] In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0274] It should be noted that, the first obtaining module and the second obtaining module are only illustrative for their functions, in practice, the functions of the first obtaining module and the second obtaining module may be implemented by one obtaining module, which is not limited here. It should also be noted that, the functions of the first transmitting module and the first receiving module may also be implemented by a transceiving module.

[0275] The wireless communication apparatus may be applied to the first node as described in the above method embodiments or may be the first node as described in the above method embodiments. It should be understood by a person skilled in the art that, the relevant description of the above modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood with reference to the relevant description of the wireless communication method in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0276] FIG. 16 shows a block diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 16, the wireless communication apparatus may include a first receiving module 1602 and a processing module1604.

[0277] The first receiving module 1602 is configured to receive a reference signal, where the reference signal is based on a first TE / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence, the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a first Golay sequence, the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first TI / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, and the first K / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP. The processing module 1604 is configured to process the reference signal to obtain a measurement result.

[0278] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; where the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

[0279] In a possible implementation, the reference signal is based on the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, where the second rc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, the second TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second TC / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, where the second n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; where the first receiving module is specifically configured to receive the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s- OFDM) symbols.

[0280] In a possible implementation, the first Golay sequence is a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; where the first t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, where the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

[0281] In a possible implementation, the reference signal is based on the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, where the second / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a second extension functionon a symmetric version of the first GCP, where the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; where the first receiving module is specifically configured to receive the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transformspread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols; where the second TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second 7i / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second rc / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

[0282] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a first transmitting module 1606, configured to transmit first information indicative of the modulation scheme, where the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

[0283] In a possible implementation, the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a><a, b>, <b, a>, where a, b are respectively reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, where a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b;<lj- a, lj- b>, <lj- b, lj • a>;where j is imaginary unit.

[0284] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function.

[0285] In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <m 1 \nl, ml\-nl>, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0286] In a possible implementation, an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies:a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal version of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; where k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

[0287] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function; where the second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP.

[0288] In a possible implementation, the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, where the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

[0289] In a possible implementation, for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function.

[0290] In a possible implementation, an input sequence pair for the second extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <W7 |H7, W7 |-H7>, where ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

[0291] In a possible implementation, the base real GCP is <x, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>; reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y>; performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <x, —y> or <— x, y> or <— x, -y>; performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (— 1)‘ ■ xl,

[0292] In a possible implementation, auto-correlation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number.

[0293] In a possible implementation, auto-correlation of each sequence of the first K / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is a positive integer smaller than a threshold.

[0294] In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0295] It should be noted that, the functions of the first receiving module and the first transmitting module may also be implemented by a transceiving module.

[0296] The wireless communication apparatus may be applied to the second node as described in the above method embodiments or may be the second node as described in the above method embodiments. It should be understood by a person skilled in the art that, the relevant description of the above modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood with reference to the relevant description of the wireless communication method in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0297] FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may be a second network element or a first network element. As shown in FIG. 17, the wireless communication apparatus includes a processor 1702, an interface 1704 for communicating with other devices, and a memory 1706. The memory 1706 may be stored with computer execution instructions, and the processor 1702 executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1706 to enable the apparatus to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0298] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a first node including processing circuitry for executing any of the above wireless communication methods. It should be understood that the first node can execute the steps performed by the first node in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0299] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a second node including processing circuitry for executing any of the above wireless communication methods. It should be understood that the second node can execute the steps performed by the second node in the abovemethod embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0300] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a wireless communication apparatus which includes a processor and a memory. The memory is storing instructions that cause the processor to perform any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0301] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a wireless communication system, including a first node and a second node. The first node is configured to execute the steps executed by the first node in any of the above wireless communication methods, and the second node is configured to execute the steps executed by the second node in any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0302] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a chip, including an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, where the processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0303] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0304] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program product including computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0305] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program including computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0306] Although the present disclosure describes methods and processes with steps in a certain order, one or more steps of the methods and processes may be omitted or altered as appropriate. One or more steps may take place in an order other than that in which they are described, as appropriate.

[0307] Note that the expression “at least one of A or B”, as used herein, is interchangeable with the expression “A and / or B”. It refers to a list in which you may select A or B or both A and B. Similarly, “at least one of A, B, or C”, as used herein, is interchangeable with “A and / or B and / or C” or “A, B, and / or C”. It refers to a list in which you may select: A or B or C, or both A and B, orboth A and C, or both B and C, or all of A, B and C. The same principle applies for longer lists having a same format.

[0308] Although the present disclosure is described, at least in part, in terms of methods, a person of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the present disclosure is also directed to the various components for performing at least some of the aspects and features of the described methods, be it by way of hardware components, software or any combination of the two. Accordingly, the technical solution of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of a software product. A suitable software product may be stored in a pre-recorded storage device or other similar nonvolatile or non-transitory computer readable medium, including DVDs, CD-ROMs, USB flash disk, a removable hard disk, or other storage media, for example. The software product includes instructions tangibly stored thereon that enable a processing device (e.g., a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute examples of the methods disclosed herein. The machineexecutable instructions may be in the form of code sequences, configuration information, or other data, which, when executed, cause a machine (e.g., a processor or other processing device) to perform steps in a method according to examples of the present disclosure.

[0309] The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the subject matter of the claims. The described example embodiments are to be considered in all respects as being only illustrative and not restrictive. Selected features from one or more of the above-described embodiments may be combined to create alternative embodiments not explicitly described, features suitable for such combinations being understood within the scope of this disclosure.

[0310] All values and sub-ranges within disclosed ranges are also disclosed. Also, although the systems, devices and processes disclosed and shown herein may include a specific number of elements / components, the systems, devices and assemblies could be modified to include additional or fewer of such elements / components. For example, although any of the elements / components disclosed may be referenced as being singular, the embodiments disclosed herein could be modified to include a plurality of such elements / components. The subject matter described herein intends to cover and embrace all suitable changes in technology.

[0311] Although embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications may be madewithout departing from the scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A wireless communication method, comprising: obtaining a first n / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence, wherein the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first TL / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), and the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, wherein the first n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; transmitting a reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; wherein the obtaining a first n / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence comprises: obtaining the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: obtaining a second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, wherein the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second n / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, wherein the second n / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; wherein the transmitting a reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence comprises: transmitting the reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first Golay sequence is a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; wherein the obtaining a first n / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence comprises:obtaining the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, wherein the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising: obtaining a second 7t / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on the first JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, obtaining a second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, wherein the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; wherein the transmitting a reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence comprises: transmitting the reference signal based on the first JT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols; wherein the second TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second n / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second TC / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising: receiving first information indicative of the modulation scheme, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

7. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is based on a first Jt / 2 binary phaseshift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence, the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a first Golay sequence, the first rc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first n / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, and the first 7t / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; processing the reference signal to obtain a measurement result.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP;wherein the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the reference signal is based on the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, wherein the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second K / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, wherein the second JC / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; wherein the receiving a reference signal comprises: receiving the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the first Golay sequence is a it / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a K / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; wherein the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, wherein the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the reference signal is based on the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, wherein the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, wherein the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; wherein the receiving a reference signal comprises: receiving the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols; wherein the second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second K / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second K / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising: transmitting first information indicative of the modulation scheme, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

13. The method according to claim 5 or 11, wherein the first JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a><a, b>, <b, a>, wherein a, b are respectively reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b* , a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b',<lj- a, lj- b>, <lj- b, lj ■ a>;wherein j is imaginary unit.

14. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 5 and 10 to 11, wherein for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function.

15. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 5, 10 to 11 and 13 to 14, wherein an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <ml \nl, ml\-nl>, wherein ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

16. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6 and 8 to 15, wherein an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies: a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+ 1 )-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal versionof the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; wherein k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

17. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6 and 8 to 16, wherein the first real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function; wherein the second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, wherein the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein an input sequence pair for the second extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <ml \nl, ml \-nl>, wherein represents a concatenation.

21. The method according to any one of claims 3, 9 and 17 to 20, wherein the base real GCP is <%, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>; reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y> performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <x, — y> or <— x, y> or <— x, —y> performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (— l)1• xl, (— l)1• yl-22. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6 and 8 to 21, wherein auto-correlation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number.

23. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein auto-correlation of each sequence of the first K / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is apositive integer smaller than a threshold.

24. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the reference signal corresponding to the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phasetracking reference signal (PTRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

25. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising: a first obtaining module, configured to obtain a first 7i / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence based on a first Golay sequence, wherein the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first TC / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), and the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, wherein the first 71 / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; a first transmitting module, configured to transmit a reference signal based on the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; wherein the first obtaining module is specifically configured to: obtain the first JT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

27. The apparatus according to claim 26, further comprising: a second obtaining module, configured to obtaining a second K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, wherein the second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second K / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; wherein the first transmitting module is specifically configured to: transmit the reference signal based on the first JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols.

28. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the first Golay sequence is a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a / 2 BPSK GCP; wherein the first obtaining module is specifically configured to: obtain the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a first extension functionon the first GCP for a first number of times, wherein the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

29. The apparatus according to claim 28, further comprising: a second obtaining module, configured to obtain a second TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence based on the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, obtain a second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, wherein the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; wherein the first transmitting module is specifically configured to: transmit the reference signal based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and the second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence on different DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

30. The apparatus according to any one of claims 26 to 29, further comprising: a first receiving module, configured to receive first information indicative of the modulation scheme, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

31. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising: a first receiving module, configured to receive a reference signal, wherein the reference signal is based on a first n / 2 binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) Golay sequence, the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a first Golay sequence, the first TC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a first K / 2 BPSK Golay complementary pair (GCP), the first Golay sequence is a sequence of a first GCP, and the first 7i / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; a processing module, configured to process the reference signal to obtain a measurement result.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the first Golay sequence is a real Golay sequence, and the first GCP is a first real GCP; wherein the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by modulating the first Golay sequence with a modulation scheme.

33. The apparatus according to claim 32, wherein the reference signal is based on the first n / 2BPSK Golay sequence and a second JC / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, wherein the second / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on a second Golay sequence and the modulation scheme, the second 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second TI / 2 BPSK GCP, the second Golay sequence is a sequence of a second real GCP, wherein the second rc / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP, and the second real GCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and a first symmetry function; wherein the first receiving module is specifically configured to receive the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT- s-OFDM) symbols.

34. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the first Golay sequence is a n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, the first GCP is a 7i / 2 BPSK GCP, and the first GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP; wherein the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a first extension function on the first GCP for a first number of times, wherein the first number is a positive integer determined based on a length of the first GCP and a length of the first / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, and the first GCP is predefined or obtained by modulating a first real GCP with a modulation scheme.

35. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the reference signal is based on the first K / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence, wherein the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained based on the first n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence and a second symmetry function, or, the second n / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is obtained by recursively applying a second extension function on a symmetric version of the first GCP, wherein the symmetric version of the first GCP is obtained based on the first GCP and a second symmetry function; wherein the first receiving module is specifically configured to receive the reference signal on different discrete Fourier transform-spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT- s-OFDM) symbols; wherein the second jc / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sequence of a second 7i / 2 BPSK GCP, and the second JI / 2 BPSK GCP is a GCP or a quasi GCP.

36. The apparatus according to any one of claims 32 to 35, further comprising: a first transmitting module, configured to transmit first information indicative of the modulation scheme, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element(MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), or radio resource control (RRC).

37. The apparatus according to claim 29 or 35, wherein the first 7i / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is <a, b>, and the second symmetry function is used for obtaining at least one of:<b, a>;<a, b>, <b, a>, wherein a, b are respectively reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively conjugate reversals of a, b;<a*, b*>, <b*, a*>, wherein a*, b* are respectively reversals of conjugate reversals of a, b',<lj- a, lj- b>, <lj- b, Ij • a>;wherein j is imaginary unit.

38. The apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 29 and 34 to 35, wherein for each recursion, the appliance of the first extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the first extension function.

39. The apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 29, 34 to 35 and 37 to 38, wherein an input sequence pair for the first extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the first extension function is <ml \nl, ml\-nl>, wherein ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

40. The apparatus according to any one of claims 26 to 30 and 32 to 39, wherein an input sequence of the modulation scheme and an output sequence of the modulation scheme satisfies: a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being the k-th element of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; or, a 2k-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of the input sequence, and a (2k+l)-th element of the output sequence being a k-th element of a mutually orthogonal version of the input sequence multiplied by imaginary unit; wherein k is a non-negative integer smaller than a length of the input sequence.

41. The apparatus according to any one of claims 26 to 30 and 32 to 40, wherein the first realGCP is obtained based on a base real GCP for the first real GCP and at least one of a second extension function or a first symmetry function; wherein the second extension function is used for extending a length of each Golay sequence in the base real GCP, and the first symmetry function is used for obtaining a symmetric version of the base real GCP.

42. The apparatus according to claim 41, wherein the first real GCP is obtained by recursively applying the second extension function on the base real GCP for a second number of times, wherein the second number is a positive integer determined based on the modulation scheme and the length of the first TT / 2 BPSK Golay sequence.

43. The apparatus according to claim 42, wherein for each recursion, the appliance of the second extension function doubles a length of each sequence in an input sequence pair for the second extension function.

44. The apparatus according to claim 42 or 43, wherein an input sequence pair for the second extension function is <ml, nl>, and an output sequence pair of the second extension function is <ml\nl, ml\-nl>, wherein ‘|’ represents a concatenation.

45. The apparatus according to any one of claims 27, 33 and 41 to 44, wherein the base real GCP is <x, y>, and the first symmetry function is used for at least one of: swapping an order in the base real GCP to obtain <y, x>; reversing elements in the base real GCP to obtain <x, y> or <x, y> or <x, y>; performing negation on the base real GCP to obtain <x, — y> or <— x, y> or <— x, — y>; performing linear offset transformation for the base real GCP to obtain (— l)1• xl, (-1)1• .

46. The apparatus according to any one of claims 26 to 30 and 32 to 45, wherein autocorrelation of each sequence in the first real GCP has one peak, and each element of each sequence in the first real GCP is a real number.

47. The apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 46, wherein auto-correlation of each sequence of the first n / 2 BPSK GCP has a preset number of peaks, and the preset number is a positive integer smaller than a threshold.

48. The apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 47, wherein the reference signal corresponding to the firstn / 2 BPSK Golay sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

49. A computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

50. A computer program product, comprising computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

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