Carrier wave transmission method and apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

A carrier wave transmission method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium, relating to the technical field of communications. The method comprises: a first communication device transmits a carrier wave on the basis of first signaling sent by a second communication device, wherein frequency domain positions for carrier wave transmission include at least two frequency domain positions (1220). In the present application, a signaling mechanism in which a second communication device instructs a first communication device to perform carrier wave transmission is designed, so that the first communication device transmits carrier waves in at least two frequency domain positions (for example, performing frequency-hopping transmission of the carrier waves in the at least two frequency domain positions); thus, an A-IOT device also performs backscatter-based D2R transmission (for example, also performing frequency-hopping transmission) in the at least two frequency domain positions, thereby helping combat channel frequency selective fading, ensuring the communication reliability of D2R transmission.

Description

Carrier transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of communication, in particular to a carrier transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the application of zero-power devices is becoming more and more widespread. Zero-power Internet of Things can also be called Ambient power enabled IoT, abbreviated as Ambient IoT (Ambient Internet of Things).

[0003] A-IOT devices can backscatter based on received carrier waves to achieve information transmission. Currently, in Ambient IoT, how communication devices transmit carrier waves needs further research.

[0004] SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a carrier transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solutions provided by embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0006] According to an aspect of the present application, a carrier transmission method is provided, the method is executed by a first communication device, and the method comprises:

[0007] transmitting a carrier according to first signaling sent by a second communication device, the frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

[0008] According to an aspect of the present application, a carrier transmission method is provided, the method is executed by a second communication device, and the method comprises:

[0009] sending first signaling to a first communication device, the first signaling being used to indicate carrier transmission, the frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

[0010] According to an aspect of the present application, a carrier transmission apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprises:

[0011] a sending module configured to transmit a carrier according to first signaling sent by a second communication device, the frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

[0012] According to an aspect of the present application, a carrier transmission apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprises:

[0013] a sending module configured to send first signaling to a first communication device, the first signaling being used to indicate carrier transmission, the frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

[0014] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a communication device is provided, which comprises a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the carrier transmission method performed by the first communication device or the carrier transmission method performed by the second communication device.

[0015] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to be executed by a processor to implement the carrier transmission method performed by the first communication device or the carrier transmission method performed by the second communication device.

[0016] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a chip is provided, which comprises a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running, is used to implement the carrier transmission method performed by the first communication device or the carrier transmission method performed by the second communication device.

[0017] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer program product is provided, which comprises computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium to implement the carrier transmission method performed by the first communication device or the carrier transmission method performed by the second communication device.

[0018] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application can include the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The embodiments of the present application design a signaling mechanism for the second communication device to instruct the first communication device to perform carrier transmission, so that the first communication device transmits the carrier in at least two frequency domain positions (such as performing frequency hopping transmission of the carrier in at least two frequency domain positions), and the D2R (Device to Reader) transmission of the A-IOT device for backscattering is also transmitted in at least two frequency domain positions (such as also performing frequency hopping transmission), which is beneficial to counter the channel frequency selective fading and ensure the communication reliability of the D2R transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a zero-power communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency energy harvesting principle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a principle of backscatter communication according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a resistor load modulation circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of two A-IOT deployment scenarios according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of frequency spectrum of backscatter of an A-IOT device based on single-tone and multi-tone carriers according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of D2R transmission of multiple A-IOT devices by FDM according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of providing carriers for A-IOT devices according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of transmission of carriers by frequency hopping according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an access mode in an A-IOT system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a carrier transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a carrier transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of determining time-frequency domain positions of carrier transmission according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a carrier transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a carrier transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of network architecture and the appearance of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced long term evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, evolved system of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), 5th-Generation (5G) system, B5G (Beyound 5G) system, 6th-Generation (6G) system or other communication systems, etc.

[0040] Generally, a conventional communication system supports a limited number of connections and is easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, a mobile communication system will not only support conventional communication, but also support, for example, Device to Device (D2D) communication, Machine to Machine (M2M) communication, Machine Type Communication (MTC), Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication, or Vehicle to everything (V2X) communication, and the like. Embodiments of the present application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0041] The communication system in embodiments of the present application can be applied to a Carrier Aggregation (CA) scenario, a Dual Connectivity (DC) scenario, or a Standalone (SA) network deployment scenario.

[0042] The communication system in embodiments of the present application can be applied to unlicensed spectrum, which can also be considered as shared spectrum. Alternatively, the communication system in embodiments of the present application can also be applied to licensed spectrum, which can also be considered as non-shared spectrum.

[0043] Embodiments of the present application can be applied to a Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system or a Terrestrial Networks (TN) system. The NTN generally provides communication services to ground users in a satellite communication manner. The NTN system currently includes an NR-NTN and an IoT-NTN system, and can include other NTN systems in the future.

[0044] Please refer to FIG. 1, which shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The network architecture 100 can include a terminal device 10, an access network device 20, and a core network element 30.

[0045] The terminal device 10 can refer to a UE (User Equipment), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user equipment. In some embodiments, the terminal device 10 can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5GS (5th Generation System), or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network), etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For the convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as terminal devices. The number of terminal devices 10 is usually multiple, and one or more terminal devices 10 can be distributed in a cell managed by each access network device 20. The terminal device can also be simply referred to as a terminal or a UE, and those skilled in the art can understand its meaning.

[0046] The access network device 20 is a device deployed in an access network to provide wireless communication functions for the terminal device 10. The access network device 20 can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, and the like. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of devices with access network device functions can be different, for example, in a 5G NR system, it is called gNodeB or gNB. As communication technology evolves, the name of the "access network device" may change. For ease of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned devices that provide wireless communication functions for the terminal device 10 are collectively referred to as access network devices. In some embodiments, through the access network device 20, a communication relationship can be established between the terminal device 10 and the core network element 30. Illustratively, in the LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, the access network device 20 can be an EUTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or one or more eNodeBs in the EUTRAN; in the 5G NR system, the access network device 20 can be a RAN (Radio Access Network) or one or more gNBs in the RAN. In the embodiments of the present application, the "network device" refers to the access network device 20, such as a base station, unless otherwise specified.

[0047] The core network element 30 is a network element deployed in the core network, and the main functions of the core network element 30 are to provide user connection, manage users, and complete bearer for services, and provide an interface to external networks as a bearer network. For example, the core network element in the 5G NR system can include AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) entities, UPF (User Plane Function) entities, and SMF (Session Management Function) entities.

[0048] In some embodiments, the access network device 20 and the core network element 30 communicate with each other through some air interface technology, such as the NG interface in the 5G NR system. The access network device 20 and the terminal device 10 communicate with each other through some air interface technology, such as the Uu interface.

[0049] The "5G NR system" in the embodiments of the present application can also be referred to as a 5G system or an NR system, but those skilled in the art can understand its meaning. The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application can be applicable to the LTE system, and can also be applicable to the 5G NR system, and can also be applicable to the subsequent evolution system (such as the B5G (Beyound 5G) system, the 6G system (6th Generation System, the sixth generation mobile communication system)) of the 5G NR system, and can also be applicable to other communication systems such as the NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things, Narrow Band Internet of Things) system, and the like, and the present application does not limit this.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, the network device can provide services for a cell, and a terminal device communicates with the network device through a transmission resource (for example, a frequency domain resource, or a spectrum resource) on a carrier used by the cell. The cell can be a cell corresponding to the network device (for example, a base station), and the cell can belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell (Small cell). The small cell can include a metro cell, a micro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and the like. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmit power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0051] Before introducing the technical solutions of the present application, the related technologies involved in the present application are introduced and explained. The following related technologies can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application in any way, and all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application include at least part of the following contents.

[0052] 1. Zero-power communication technology principle

[0053] In recent years, the application of zero-power devices is becoming more and more widespread. The zero-power Internet of Things can also be referred to as Ambient power enabled IoT, abbreviated as Ambient IoT (Ambient Internet of Things), and is also referred to as passive IoT (passive Internet of Things) in some technical documents. Ambient IoT device means an IoT device that uses various environmental energies (such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and various environmental energies) to drive itself. Such a device can have no energy storage capability, or can have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of several tens of uF). Compared with existing IoT devices, Ambient IoT devices have many advantages such as no conventional battery, no maintenance, small size, low complexity and low cost, long service life, and the like.

[0054] Zero-power communication adopts energy harvesting and backscattering communication technology. A zero-power communication network is composed of network devices and zero-power devices, as shown in FIG. 2. The network devices are used to send wireless power signals, downlink communication signals to the zero-power devices, and receive backscattering signals of the zero-power devices. A basic zero-power device includes an energy harvesting module, a backscattering communication module, and a low-power computing module. In addition, the zero-power device can also have a memory or a sensor for storing some basic information (such as article identification) or obtaining environmental temperature, environmental humidity, and other sensor data.

[0055] The key technologies of zero-power communication mainly include radio frequency energy harvesting and backscattering communication.

[0056] 1.1. Radio frequency energy harvesting (RF Power Harvesting)

[0057] As shown in FIG. 3, the radio frequency energy harvesting module is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction to realize the collection of space electromagnetic wave energy, and then obtain the energy required to drive the zero-power device to work, for example, to drive the low-power demodulation and modulation module, sensor, and memory reading, etc. Therefore, the zero-power device does not need a traditional battery.

[0058] 1.2. Backscattering communication (Back Scattering)

[0059] As shown in FIG. 4, the zero-power communication terminal receives the wireless signal sent by the network, modulates the wireless signal, loads the information to be sent, and radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. This information transmission process is called backscattering communication. Backscattering and load modulation are inseparable. Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation loop of the zero-power device according to the beat of the data stream, so that the size of the impedance of the electronic tag and other parameters change, thereby completing the modulation process. Load modulation technology mainly includes resistance load modulation and capacitance load modulation. In resistance load modulation, a resistance is connected in parallel with the load, and the resistance is turned on or off based on the control of the binary data stream, as shown in the following FIG. 5. The on-off of the resistance will cause the change of the circuit voltage, so as to realize amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation, that is, the amplitude of the backscattering signal of the zero-power device is adjusted to realize the modulation and transmission of the signal. Similarly, in capacitance load modulation, the on-off of the capacitance can realize the change of the circuit resonance frequency, and realize frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation, that is, the working frequency of the backscattering signal of the zero-power device is adjusted to realize the modulation and transmission of the signal.

[0060] It can be seen that the zero-power device modulates the incoming signal by means of load modulation to realize the backscatter communication process. Therefore, the zero-power device has the following advantages:

[0061] (1) The terminal does not actively transmit signals, and therefore does not need a complex radio frequency link, such as a power amplifier (PA) and a radio frequency filter;

[0062] (2) The terminal does not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, and therefore does not need a high-frequency crystal oscillator;

[0063] (3) By means of backscatter communication, the terminal signal transmission does not consume the terminal's own energy.

[0064] 1.3. Application scenarios of zero-power communication

[0065] Due to the significant advantages of zero cost, zero power consumption, and small size, zero-power communication can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics, intelligent warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, industrial internet, and personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0066] 1.4. Classification of zero-power devices

[0067] Based on the energy source and usage of the zero-power device, the zero-power device can be classified as follows:

[0068] (1) Passive zero-power device

[0069] The zero-power device does not need an internal battery. When the zero-power device is close to a network device (such as an RFID reader), the zero-power device is within the near-field range formed by the network device antenna radiation. Therefore, the zero-power device antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. This realizes the demodulation of the forward link signal (downlink, from the network device to the zero-power device) and the signal modulation of the back link (uplink, from the zero-power device to the network device). For the backscatter link, the zero-power device uses a backscatter implementation to transmit signals.

[0070] As can be seen, the passive zero-power device does not need an internal battery to drive it, whether for the forward link or the back link, and is a truly zero-power device.

[0071] The passive zero-power device does not need a battery, and the radio frequency circuit and the baseband circuit are very simple, for example, without the need of LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), PA, crystal oscillator, ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) and other devices, thus having many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life and the like.

[0072] (2) Semi-passive zero-power device

[0073] The semi-passive zero-power device itself does not install a conventional battery, but can use an RF (Radio Frequency) energy harvesting module to harvest radio wave energy, or use a solar energy, light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy harvesting module to harvest energy, and at the same time store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). After the energy storage unit obtains energy, it can drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device to realize demodulation of the forward link signal, and modulation of the backward link signal and other work. For the backscatter link, the zero-power device uses a backscatter implementation to transmit signals.

[0074] As can be seen, the semi-passive zero-power device does not need a built-in battery to drive, although it uses energy stored in a capacitor during work, but the energy is derived from radio energy harvested by the energy harvesting module, so it is also a truly zero-power device.

[0075] The semi-passive zero-power device inherits many advantages of the passive zero-power device, thus having many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life and the like.

[0076] (3) Active zero-power device

[0077] Some zero-power devices used in some scenarios can also be active zero-power devices, which can have a built-in battery (conventional battery, such as dry battery, rechargeable lithium battery and the like). The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device to realize demodulation of the forward link signal, and modulation of the backward link signal and other work. But for the backscatter link, the zero-power device uses a backscatter implementation to transmit signals. Therefore, the zero-power of this type of terminal is mainly reflected in that the signal transmission of the backward link does not need the power of the terminal itself, but uses the backscatter method. Although the active zero-power device uses a battery, due to the use of ultra-low power communication technology, the power consumption is very low, thus greatly improving the working life of the battery compared with the prior art.

[0078] Active zero-power device, built-in battery to supply power to RFID chip to increase the read-write distance of the tag, improve the reliability of communication. Therefore in some on the communication distance, read latency and other aspects of the requirements of the scene can be applied.

[0079] Classification of zero-power devices based on transmitter type.

[0080] As is known, the business type of zero-power Internet of Things will also be dominated by industry business as other Internet of Things business types. Therefore, according to the way the zero-power terminal sends data, it can be divided into the following types:

[0081] (1) Zero-power device based on backscatter

[0082] This type of zero-power device uses the backscatter method described above to send uplink data. This type of device does not have an active transmitter that actively transmits, but only has a backscatter transmitter. Therefore, when this type of terminal transmits data, the network device needs to provide a carrier, and the terminal device performs backscatter based on the carrier to achieve data transmission.

[0083] (2) Zero-power device based on active transmitter

[0084] This type of zero-power device uses an active transmitter with active transmission capability to transmit uplink data, so this type of zero-power device can transmit data using its own active transmitter when transmitting data, without the need for the network device to provide a carrier. The active transmitter suitable for zero-power devices may be, for example, an ultra-low-power ASK, ultra-low-power FSK transmitter, etc. Based on the current implementation, the overall power consumption of this type of transmitter can be reduced to 400-600uw when transmitting a 100uw signal.

[0085] (3) Zero-power device with both backscatter and active transmitter

[0086] This type of terminal can support both backscatter and active transmitter. The terminal can determine which type of uplink signal transmission method to use, backscatter or active transmitter, according to different situations (such as the amount of power, available environmental energy), or based on the scheduling of the network device.

[0087] 2. Cellular passive Internet of Things

[0088] The cellular Internet of Things is booming, and 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) has standardized NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things), MTC (Machine Type Communication), RedCap (Reduced Capability), and other Internet of Things technologies, but there are still many Internet of Things communication needs in various scenarios that cannot be met using existing technologies, for example:

[0089] (1) Strict communication environment

[0090] Some Internet of Things scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed motion. For example, ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, high-cold environment monitoring, industrial production lines, etc. In these scenarios, due to the working environment limitations of conventional power supplies, existing Internet of Things terminals will not be able to work. In addition, extreme working environments are also not conducive to the maintenance of the Internet of Things, such as replacing the battery.

[0091] (2) Extremely small terminal form factor requirements

[0092] Some Internet of Things communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity circulation, and smart wearables, require terminals to have extremely small sizes to facilitate their use in these scenarios. For example, Internet of Things terminals for commodity management in the circulation link are usually in the form of electronic tags, which are embedded in the commodity packaging in a very small form. For another example, lightweight wearable devices can improve user experience while meeting user needs.

[0093] (3) Extremely low-cost Internet of Things communication needs

[0094] Many Internet of Things communication scenarios require Internet of Things terminals to be low-cost enough to enhance their competitiveness relative to other alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, in order to facilitate the management of a large number of circulating goods, Internet of Things terminals can be attached to each item, thereby completing the precise management of the entire logistics process and cycle through communication between the terminal and the logistics network. These scenarios require Internet of Things terminals to be competitively priced.

[0095] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet Internet of Things communication needs, ultra-low-cost, extremely small-size, battery-free, or maintenance-free Internet of Things are needed in cellular networks, and zero-power Internet of Things can meet this demand.

[0096] Based on 3GPP's discussion of Ambient IoT application scenarios, Ambient IoT can be used in at least the following four scenarios:

[0097] (1) Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, supply chain management;

[0098] (2) Environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of working environment and natural environment;

[0099] (3) Positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent search, and production line article positioning;

[0100] (4) Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various appliances in smart home (turning on / off air conditioner, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouse (automatic irrigation, fertilization).

[0101] 3GPP discussed and passed the research project of A-IOT, which contains at least two types of A-IOT devices:

[0102] The first type of A-IOT device: ~1 uW peak power consumption, which has energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset of 10X ppm, no uplink and downlink power amplifier, and transmits uplink transmission by backscattering external carrier. Exemplarily, the range of X is 4 to 5, i.e. [4, 5].

[0103] The second type of A-IOT device: peak power consumption less than several hundred uW, which has energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset of 10X ppm, and can be configured with uplink and / or downlink power amplifier, and can transmit uplink transmission by actively emitting from the inside of the A-IOT device or by backscattering external carrier. Exemplarily, the range of X is 4 to 5, i.e. [4, 5].

[0104] A-IOT mainly considers the following two deployment scenarios / topologies, which are shown in FIG. 6:

[0105] (1) BS Ambient IoT device, the base station and the A-IOT device directly communicate with each other in bidirectional signaling and / or data communication. Among them, the base station sending to the A-IOT device and the base station receiving the A-IOT can be two different base stations.

[0106] (2) BS intermediate node Ambient IoT device, A-IOT device, communicates bi-directionally with an intermediate node, which can relay signaling and / or data between the BS and the A-IOT device. In the SID discussion phase, the intermediate node was finalized as a UE (User Equipment) under network control, and the intermediate node is located indoors.

[0107] Currently, two types of services are mainly considered in the A-IOT research project, one is DT (Device-terminated), and the other is DO-DTT (Device-originated-device-terminated triggered). DT mainly refers to executing a specific action by the A-IOT terminal through the downlink command, for example, in the smart home scenario, the command of "turn on the air conditioner" is issued to the A-IOT device, and the A-IOT device performs the corresponding operation. DO-DTT mainly refers to triggering the A-IOT device to report information through the downlink command, and the typical scenario is warehouse inventory or sensor sensing, for example, triggering a number of zero-power tags to report ID or sensor data through the trigger information.

[0108] 3. single-tone (single frequency point) and multi-tone (multi-frequency point)

[0109] When the A-IOT device performs backscattering, the carrier wave provided by the carrier wave node or base station or intermediate node for the A-IOT device to perform backscattering can be a single-tone carrier wave or a multi-tone carrier wave. Please refer to FIG. 7, which shows a frequency spectrum diagram of the A-IOT device performing backscattering based on a single-tone carrier wave and a multi-tone carrier wave according to an embodiment of the present application. In the diagram, subgraph 1 is a frequency spectrum diagram of the A-IOT device performing backscattering based on a single-tone carrier wave, and subgraph 2 is a frequency spectrum diagram of the A-IOT device performing backscattering based on a multi-tone carrier wave. The advantage of the multi-tone carrier wave over the single-tone carrier wave is that if the channel quality corresponding to the single-tone carrier wave is poor, it will affect the reception of the modulated waveform of the tag (equivalent to the A-IOT device described above) backscattering. However, if it is a multi-tone carrier wave, when the channel quality corresponding to one of the carrier waves is poor, the tag can still perform backscattering through other carrier waves, thereby ensuring the reliability of the A-IOT uplink transmission. However, multi-tone requires the node providing the carrier wave to simultaneously send multiple carrier waves, so the transmission power needs to be allocated to multiple carrier waves, which may affect the coverage distance of the A-IOT uplink.

[0110] 4. FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)

[0111] During the standard discussion, it is currently considered to support FDMA, that is, multiple A-IOT devices perform D2R transmission through FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing), as shown in FIG. 8, where the horizontal axis represents the time domain and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain. The prerequisite for supporting FDMA is that the A-IOT device supports frequency offset, that is, the D2R transmission can be frequency offset relative to the carrier wave when performing backscattering. Since different A-IOT devices perform different frequency offsets, the frequency positions of different D2R transmissions are also different, so as to achieve the purpose of simultaneously performing multiple D2R transmissions and improve the system capacity. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 8, when the A-IOT device performs backscattering transmission based on a multi-tone carrier wave, the D2R transmission is offset relative to each carrier wave.

[0112] Currently, in the deployment scenario 1 shown in FIG. 6, the carrier wave can be provided by the base station (as shown in subgraph 1 in FIG. 9) or by an independent carrier node (as shown in subgraph 2 in FIG. 9). Similarly, in the deployment scenario 2 shown in FIG. 6, the carrier wave can be provided by the intermediate node (as shown in subgraph 3 in FIG. 9) or by an independent carrier node (as shown in subgraph 4 in FIG. 9).

[0113] In the above discussion of the single-tone or multi-tone carrier wave, a third implementation is also proposed, i.e., the carrier node transmits the single-tone carrier wave, but the single-tone carrier wave will hop in the frequency domain, i.e., the frequency domain position of the carrier wave transmission is different at different time points, as shown in FIG. 10. The advantage of this is that the effect of multi-tone can be achieved, i.e., when the channel quality of a certain frequency point is poor, D2R transmission can be performed through another frequency point, and there is no need to require the carrier node to transmit multiple carrier waves at the same time as in multi-tone, causing the transmission power of each carrier to be halved, thereby affecting the coverage of D2R transmission. As shown in FIG. 10, generally speaking, the frequency hopping mechanism needs to be supported together with Repetition to achieve the effect of combating channel frequency domain fading. And for the carrier wave transmission on a certain frequency point, the AIOT device can still perform backscattering based on the carrier wave through the FDMA manner to complete the D2R transmission.

[0114] In the A-IOT system, it has also been agreed to study 4-step and 2-step access methods, but the specific details have not been discussed.

[0115] For 4-step RACH, possible implementation is shown in FIG. 11 subfigure 1. Reader sends Query command to trigger access or inventory. Device receives the Query command and sends a random sequence RN16 of length 16 as temporary identification to the reader. Reader receives RN16 and sends feedback Response to the device. The Response includes the same RN16. If the RN16 received by the device is consistent with the RN16 sent before, the device sends EPC (Electronic Product Code) to the reader. Reader sends Queryrep after successfully receiving the EPC. The signaling can be used to indicate to the device that the EPC has been successfully received. It can be understood that in the above process, if the device does not successfully receive the Response or QueryRep, or the ID carried in the Response or QueryRep does not match the ID itself, the device considers the access to be failed.

[0116] For 2-step RACH, possible implementation is shown in FIG. 11 subfigure 2, 3 or 4.

[0117] For example, subfigure 2, Reader sends Query command to trigger access or inventory. Device receives the Query command and sends a random sequence RN16 of length 16 as temporary identification to the reader. The resource of RN16 is associated with the resource of EPC, so the device also sends the EPC associated with RN16. Reader sends Queryrep after successfully receiving RN16 and EPC. The signaling can be used to indicate to the device that the EPC has been successfully received.

[0118] For example, subfigure 3, reader sends Query command to trigger access or inventory. Device receives the Query command and sends its corresponding EPC. Reader sends Queryrep after successfully receiving the EPC. The signaling can be used to indicate to the device that the EPC has been successfully received. The difference between the above subfigures 2 and 3 is whether a random sequence RN16 needs to be sent. It can also be understood that when the device does not successfully receive the QueryRep or the identification carried in the QueryRep does not match the identification itself, the device considers the access to be failed.

[0119] For example, referring to FIG. 4, the Reader sends a Query command to trigger access or inventory. After the Device receives the Query command, the Device sends the RN16 and EPC to the Reader. After the Reader successfully receives the RN16 and EPC, the Reader sends a QueryRep. The QueryRep can be used to indicate to the Device that the EPC has been successfully received. The difference between FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 is that in FIG. 2, the RN16 and EPC are sent in two different messages, while in FIG. 4, the RN16 and EPC are sent in the same message. Alternatively, in FIG. 2, the RN16 and EPC are sent on two different resources, while in FIG. 4, the RN16 and EPC are sent on the same resource.

[0120] Optionally, the Query or QueryRep can also be referred to as a Paging message.

[0121] Referring to FIG. 12, a flowchart of a carrier transmission method is shown. The method is performed by a first communication device, and can be applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6. The method can include the following step 1220.

[0122] In step 1220, the first communication device transmits a carrier according to first signaling sent by a second communication device, and the frequency domain position of the carrier transmission includes at least two frequency domain positions.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first communication device is an intermediate node or a carrier node.

[0124] In some embodiments, the second communication device is a network device or an intermediate node.

[0125] In some embodiments, the intermediate node can be a terminal device, such as a UE under network control. Optionally, the intermediate node is located indoors.

[0126] In some embodiments, the carrier node can be a terminal device, such as a UE under network control. The carrier node can also be a base station, or can be another device providing a carrier, which is not limited in the present application. Optionally, the carrier node can be located indoors or outdoors, which is not limited in the present application.

[0127] In some embodiments, the network device can be a base station.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is a network device, as shown in FIG. 9, subgraph 2 or subgraph 4.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is an intermediate node, as shown in FIG. 9, subgraph 4.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first communication device is an intermediate node, and the second communication device is a network device, as shown in FIG. 9, subgraph 3.

[0131] In some embodiments, the carrier is used for D2R transmission. That is, the D2R transmission is a transmission based on the above-mentioned carrier backscatter modulation. The A-IOT device performs D2R transmission based on the above-mentioned carrier backscatter modulation. The carrier refers to an unmodulated electromagnetic wave signal used to provide the basic channel or channel carrier required for transmission information. Exemplarily, the carrier is an unmodulated sine wave. In this application, the carrier is used for D2R transmission, where D2R transmission is also referred to as uplink transmission of the A-IOT device.

[0132] In some embodiments, the frequency domain position refers to a specific position of a signal in the frequency domain, which can be represented by a specific frequency value or other frequency domain units, and the present application does not limit this.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first communication device transmits the carrier in a frequency hopping manner at the above-mentioned at least two frequency domain positions. For any time point of carrier transmission, the first communication device only transmits the carrier at one of the above-mentioned at least two frequency domain positions. It can be understood that in this case, the carrier transmitted in a frequency hopping manner is sent by the same first communication device.

[0134] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 13, the above-mentioned step 1220 further includes the following step 1210: the second communication device sends first signaling to the first communication device. Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the first signaling sent by the second communication device.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first signaling is used to indicate at least one of the following information: the first frequency domain position, the second frequency domain position, the first time domain position, the second time domain position, the third time domain position, the fourth time domain position, the fifth time domain position, the sixth time domain position, the seventh time domain position, the eighth time domain position, the period of the transmitted carrier, and the number of the period of the transmitted carrier.

[0136] 1. The first frequency domain position

[0137] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain position is one of the at least two frequency domain positions. That is, the first frequency domain position is one of the frequency domain positions of the carrier transmission. For example, the first frequency domain position is f1 in FIG. 14.

[0138] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain location is determined according to a frequency domain location of the first signaling. The frequency domain location of the first signaling refers to a frequency domain location corresponding to the transmission of the first signaling, for example, a frequency domain location occupied by the transmission of the first signaling. For example, the first signaling contains a first frequency domain offset, and the first frequency domain location is determined according to the first frequency domain offset and the frequency domain location of the first signaling. For example, the first frequency domain location is determined according to the frequency domain location of the first signaling plus or minus the first frequency domain offset. The unit of the first frequency domain offset can be Hertz (Hz) or the number of grids or the number of channels or the number of PRBs. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate indication and management, the frequency domain is divided into a plurality of channels or grids, when the frequency domain location of the first signaling is located in a certain grid or channel, the first frequency domain offset contains the number of grids or channels, that is, the grid or channel corresponding to the first frequency domain location can be determined. Alternatively, the first frequency domain location is the center frequency of the channel corresponding thereto. Alternatively, the first frequency domain offset can be 0, that is, the first frequency domain location is the frequency domain location of the first signaling.

[0139] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain location is determined according to a frequency domain location of the first D2R transmission. The frequency domain location of the first D2R transmission refers to a frequency domain location corresponding to the first D2R transmission, for example, a frequency domain location occupied by the first D2R transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a second frequency domain offset, and the first frequency domain location is determined according to the second frequency domain offset and the frequency domain location of the first D2R transmission. For example, the first frequency domain location is determined according to the frequency domain location of the first D2R transmission plus or minus the second frequency domain offset. The unit of the second frequency domain offset can be Hertz (Hz) or the number of grids or the number of channels or the number of PRBs. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate indication and management, the frequency domain is divided into a plurality of channels or grids, when the first D2R transmission is located in a certain grid or channel, the second frequency domain offset contains the number of grids or channels, that is, the grid or channel corresponding to the first frequency domain location can be determined. Alternatively, the first frequency domain location is the center frequency of the channel corresponding thereto. Alternatively, the second frequency domain offset can be 0, that is, the first frequency domain location is the frequency domain location of the first D2R transmission.

[0140] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first R2D (Reader to Device) transmission. The frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission refers to a frequency domain position corresponding to the first R2D transmission, e.g. a frequency domain position occupied by the first R2D transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a third frequency domain offset, and the first frequency domain position is determined according to the third frequency domain offset and the frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission. For example, the first frequency domain position is determined according to the frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission plus or minus the third frequency domain offset. The unit of the third frequency domain offset can be Hertz (Hz) or the number of grids or the number of channels or the number of PRBs. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate indication and management, the frequency domain is divided into a plurality of channels or grids, when the first R2D transmission is located in a certain grid or channel, the third frequency domain offset contains the number of grids or channels, i.e. the corresponding grid or channel of the first frequency domain position can be determined. Optionally, the first frequency domain position is the center frequency of the corresponding channel. Optionally, the third frequency domain offset can be 0, i.e. the first frequency domain position is the frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission.

[0141] 2. The second frequency domain position

[0142] In some embodiments, the second frequency domain position is another frequency domain position in the at least two frequency domain positions, different from the first frequency domain position. That is, the second frequency domain position is one of the frequency domain positions of the carrier transmission, and is different from the first frequency domain position. For example, the second frequency domain position is f2 in FIG. 14. Optionally, the carrier transmission of the first communication device at the second frequency domain position is later than the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. Optionally, the carrier transmitted by the first communication device at the second frequency domain position is used for transmitting a D2R repetition (D2R repetition transmission), e.g. used for transmitting a second D2R transmission, which is a repeated transmission of the first D2R transmission.

[0143] In some embodiments, the second frequency domain location is determined according to a frequency domain location of the first signaling. The frequency domain location of the first signaling refers to a frequency domain location corresponding to the transmission of the first signaling, e.g., a frequency domain location occupied by the transmission of the first signaling. For example, the first signaling contains a fourth frequency domain offset, and the second frequency domain location is determined according to the fourth frequency domain offset and the frequency domain location of the first signaling. For example, the second frequency domain location is determined according to the frequency domain location of the first signaling plus or minus the fourth frequency domain offset. The unit of the fourth frequency domain offset can be Hertz (Hz) or the number of grids or the number of channels or the number of PRBs. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate indication and management, the frequency domain is divided into a plurality of channels or grids, and when the frequency domain location of the first signaling is located in a certain grid or channel, the fourth frequency domain offset contains the number of grids or channels, i.e., the grid or channel corresponding to the second frequency domain location can be determined. Alternatively, the second frequency domain location is the center frequency of the corresponding channel. Alternatively, the fourth frequency domain offset can be 0, i.e., the second frequency domain location is the frequency domain location of the first signaling.

[0144] In some embodiments, the second frequency domain location is determined according to a frequency domain location of the second D2R transmission. The frequency domain location of the second D2R transmission refers to a frequency domain location corresponding to the second D2R transmission, e.g., a frequency domain location occupied by the second D2R transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a fifth frequency domain offset, and the second frequency domain location is determined according to the fifth frequency domain offset and the frequency domain location of the second D2R transmission. For example, the second frequency domain location is determined according to the frequency domain location of the second D2R transmission plus or minus the fifth frequency domain offset. The unit of the fifth frequency domain offset can be Hertz (Hz) or the number of grids or the number of channels or the number of PRBs. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate indication and management, the frequency domain is divided into a plurality of channels or grids, and when the second D2R transmission is located in a certain grid or channel, the fifth frequency domain offset contains the number of grids or channels, i.e., the grid or channel corresponding to the second frequency domain location can be determined. Alternatively, the second frequency domain location is the center frequency of the corresponding channel. Alternatively, the fifth frequency domain offset can be 0, i.e., the second frequency domain location is the frequency domain location of the second D2R transmission. Alternatively, the second D2R transmission is a repeated transmission of the first D2R transmission.

[0145] In some embodiments, the second frequency domain location is determined according to a frequency domain location of the first R2D or second R2D transmission. The frequency domain location of the first R2D or second R2D transmission refers to a frequency domain location corresponding to the first R2D or second R2D transmission, e.g., a frequency domain location occupied by the first R2D or second R2D transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a sixth frequency domain offset, and the second frequency domain location is determined according to the sixth frequency domain offset and the frequency domain location of the first R2D or second R2D transmission. For example, the second frequency domain location is determined according to the frequency domain location of the first R2D or second R2D transmission plus or minus the sixth frequency domain offset. The unit of the sixth frequency domain offset can be Hertz (Hz) or the number of grids or the number of channels or the number of PRBs. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate indication and management, the frequency domain is divided into a plurality of channels or grids, and when the first R2D or second R2D transmission is located in a certain grid or channel, the sixth frequency domain offset contains the number of grids or channels, i.e., the corresponding grid or channel of the second frequency domain location can be determined. Optionally, the second frequency domain location is the center frequency of the corresponding channel. Optionally, the sixth frequency domain offset can be 0, i.e., the second frequency domain location is the frequency domain location of the first R2D or second R2D transmission. Optionally, the second R2D transmission is used to schedule the second D2R transmission.

[0146] In some embodiments, the second frequency domain location is determined according to the first frequency domain location. For example, the first signaling contains a seventh frequency domain offset, and the second frequency domain location is determined according to the first frequency domain location and the seventh frequency domain offset. For example, the second frequency domain location is determined according to the first frequency domain location plus or minus the seventh frequency domain offset. The unit of the seventh frequency domain offset can be Hertz (Hz) or the number of grids or the number of channels or the number of PRBs. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate indication and management, the frequency domain is divided into a plurality of channels or grids, and when the first frequency domain location is located in a certain grid or channel, the seventh frequency domain offset contains the number of grids or channels, i.e., the corresponding grid or channel of the second frequency domain location can be determined. Optionally, the second frequency domain location is the center frequency of the corresponding channel. Optionally, the seventh frequency domain offset is not 0, i.e., the second frequency domain location is different from the first frequency domain location.

[0147] By indicating the first frequency domain location and the second frequency domain location through the first signaling, the first communication device can transmit the carrier in a frequency hopping manner at the at least two frequency domain locations.

[0148] 3. The first time domain location

[0149] In some embodiments, the first time domain location is a time domain starting location of the carrier transmitted at the first frequency domain location. The transmission of the carrier at the first frequency domain location occupies a time period in the time domain, which is referred to as a first time domain range, and the first time domain location is a time domain starting location of the first time domain range. For example, the first time domain location is t1 in FIG. 14, and the first frequency domain location is f1 in FIG. 14.

[0150] In some embodiments, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first signaling. The time domain position of the first signaling refers to a time domain position corresponding to the transmission of the first signaling, e.g., a time domain position occupied by the transmission of the first signaling. For example, the first signaling contains a first time domain offset, and the first time domain position is determined according to the first time domain offset and the time domain position of the first signaling. For example, the first time domain position is determined according to the time domain position of the first signaling plus the first time domain offset. The unit of the first time domain offset can be second, millisecond, microsecond, number of slots, number of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application.

[0151] In some embodiments, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first D2R transmission. The time domain position of the first D2R transmission refers to a time domain position corresponding to the first D2R transmission, e.g., a time domain position occupied by the first D2R transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a second time domain offset, and the first time domain position is determined according to the second time domain offset and the time domain position of the first D2R transmission. For example, the first time domain position is determined according to the time domain position of the first D2R transmission minus the second time domain offset. The unit of the second time domain offset can be second, millisecond, microsecond, number of slots, number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. Optionally, the time domain position of the first D2R transmission is a time domain start position of the first D2R transmission.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first R2D transmission. The time domain position of the first R2D transmission refers to a time domain position corresponding to the first R2D transmission, e.g., a time domain position occupied by the first R2D transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a third time domain offset, and the first time domain position is determined according to the third time domain offset and the time domain position of the first R2D transmission. For example, the first time domain position is determined according to the time domain position of the first R2D transmission plus the third time domain offset. The unit of the third time domain offset can be second, millisecond, microsecond, number of slots, number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. Optionally, the time domain position of the first R2D transmission is a time domain end position of the first R2D transmission.

[0153] 4. Second time domain position

[0154] In some embodiments, the second time domain position is a time domain end position of the transmission of the carrier at the first frequency domain position. The transmission of the carrier at the first frequency domain position occupies a time period in time domain, which is referred to as a first time domain range, and the second time domain position is a time domain end position of the first time domain range. For example, the second time domain position is t2 in FIG. 14, and the first frequency domain position is f1 in FIG. 14.

[0155] In some embodiments, the second time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position. For example, the first signaling contains a fourth time domain offset, and the second time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position and the fourth time domain offset. For example, the second time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position plus the fourth time domain offset. The unit of the fourth time domain offset can be second, millisecond, microsecond, number of time slots, number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. It can be understood that the fourth time domain offset can also be referred to as the duration of the carrier transmission.

[0156] In some embodiments, the second time domain position is determined according to the time domain position of the first D2R transmission. The time domain position of the first D2R transmission refers to the time domain position corresponding to the first D2R transmission, for example, the time domain position occupied by the first D2R transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a fifth time domain offset, and the second time domain position is determined according to the fifth time domain offset and the time domain position of the first D2R transmission. For example, the second time domain position is determined according to the time domain position of the first D2R transmission plus the fifth time domain offset. The unit of the fifth time domain offset can be second, millisecond, microsecond, number of time slots, number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. Optionally, the time domain position of the first D2R transmission is the time domain end position of the first D2R transmission.

[0157] 5. The third time domain position

[0158] In some embodiments, the third time domain position is the time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position occupies a time period in the time domain, which is referred to as a second time domain range, and the third time domain position is the time domain start position of the second time domain range. For example, the third time domain position is t3 in FIG. 14, and the second frequency domain position is f2 in FIG. 14.

[0159] In some embodiments, the third time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position or the second time domain position. For example, the first signaling contains a sixth time domain offset, and the third time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position and the sixth time domain offset, or according to the second time domain position and the sixth time domain offset. For example, the third time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position or the second time domain position plus the sixth time domain offset. The unit of the sixth time domain offset can be second, millisecond, microsecond, number of time slots, number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application.

[0160] In some embodiments, the third time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the second D2R transmission. The time domain position of the second D2R transmission refers to a time domain position corresponding to the second D2R transmission, for example, a time domain position occupied by the second D2R transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a seventh time domain offset, and the third time domain position is determined according to the seventh time domain offset and the time domain position of the second D2R transmission. For example, the third time domain position is determined according to the time domain position of the second D2R transmission minus the seventh time domain offset. The unit of the seventh time domain offset can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, the number of time slots, the number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. Optionally, the time domain position of the second D2R transmission is a time domain start position of the second D2R transmission.

[0161] 6. Fourth time domain position

[0162] In some embodiments, the fourth time domain position is a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position occupies a time period in the time domain, which is referred to as a second time domain range, and the fourth time domain position is a time domain end position of the second time domain range. For example, the fourth time domain position is t4 in FIG. 14, and the second frequency domain position is f2 in FIG. 14.

[0163] In some embodiments, the fourth time domain position is determined according to the third time domain position. For example, the first signaling contains an eighth time domain offset, and the fourth time domain position is determined according to the third time domain position and the eighth time domain offset. For example, the fourth time domain position is determined according to the third time domain position plus the eighth time domain offset. The unit of the eighth time domain offset can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, the number of time slots, the number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. It can be understood that the eighth time domain offset can also be referred to as the time length of the carrier transmission.

[0164] In some embodiments, the fourth time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the second D2R transmission. The time domain position of the second D2R transmission refers to a time domain position corresponding to the second D2R transmission, for example, a time domain position occupied by the second D2R transmission. For example, the first signaling contains a ninth time domain offset, and the fourth time domain position is determined according to the ninth time domain offset and the time domain position of the second D2R transmission. For example, the fourth time domain position is determined according to the time domain position of the second D2R transmission plus the ninth time domain offset. The unit of the ninth time domain offset can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, the number of time slots, the number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. Optionally, the time domain position of the second D2R transmission is a time domain end position of the second D2R transmission.

[0165] 7. Fifth time domain position

[0166] In some embodiments, the fifth time domain position is another time domain start position of the carrier transmitted at the first frequency domain position. The fifth time domain position is different from the first time domain position.

[0167] 8. Sixth time domain position

[0168] In some embodiments, the sixth time domain position is another time domain end position of the carrier transmitted at the first frequency domain position. The sixth time domain position is different from the second time domain position.

[0169] 9. Seventh time domain position

[0170] In some embodiments, the seventh time domain position is another time domain start position of the carrier transmitted at the second frequency domain position. The seventh time domain position is different from the third time domain position.

[0171] 10. Eighth time domain position

[0172] In some embodiments, the eighth time domain position is another time domain end position of the carrier transmitted at the second frequency domain position. The eighth time domain position is different from the fourth time domain position.

[0173] It can be understood that the above-mentioned first time domain position, second time domain position, third time domain position and fourth time domain position can indicate the time domain positions occupied by the frequency hopping transmission of a group of carriers when the carrier is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The above-mentioned fifth time domain position, sixth time domain position, seventh time domain position and eighth time domain position can indicate the time domain positions occupied by the frequency hopping transmission of another group of carriers when the carrier is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. For example, the fifth time domain position, sixth time domain position, seventh time domain position and eighth time domain position correspond to t5, t6, t7 and t8 in FIG. 14, respectively. The fifth time domain position and the sixth time domain position are the start position and the stop position of the transmission of the carrier at the first frequency domain position, respectively. The seventh time domain position and the eighth time domain position are the start position and the stop position of the transmission of the carrier at the second frequency domain position, respectively.

[0174] In some embodiments, the fifth to eighth time domain positions are determined according to the first to fourth time domain positions, the first signaling contains a tenth time domain offset, and the fifth to eighth time domain positions are determined according to the tenth time domain offset and the first to fourth time domain positions. For example, the fifth to eighth time domain positions are determined according to the first to fourth time domain positions plus the tenth time domain offset, respectively. The unit of the tenth time domain offset can be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, the number of time slots, the number of OFDM symbols, etc., which are not limited in the present application. It can be understood that the first signaling additionally indicates the frequency hopping transmission of a group of carriers through the tenth time domain offset.

[0175] 11. Period of transmitting the carrier

[0176] In some embodiments, the carrier is transmitted in a periodic manner, and the first signaling can indicate a period of the carrier transmission.

[0177] In some embodiments, the period refers to a period of the carrier transmission in a frequency hopping manner.

[0178] Optionally, the first signaling comprises period indication information, which indicates a period P of the carrier transmission, so that the first communication device, after determining the frequency hopping transmission of the carrier based on the first and second frequency domain positions and the first to fourth time domain positions, can continuously perform the frequency hopping transmission in the first and second frequency domain positions, starting from the first to fourth time domain positions and with the period P as an interval.

[0179] 12. The number of periods of the carrier transmission

[0180] In some embodiments, the carrier is transmitted in a periodic manner, and the first signaling can indicate the number of periods of the carrier transmission.

[0181] In some embodiments, the number of periods refers to the number of periods of the carrier transmission in a frequency hopping manner.

[0182] Optionally, the first signaling comprises period indication information and period number indication information. The period indication information indicates a period P of the carrier transmission, and the period number indication information indicates the number N of periods of the carrier transmission. The first communication device, after determining the frequency hopping transmission of the carrier based on the first and second frequency domain positions and the first to fourth time domain positions, can continuously perform the frequency hopping transmission in N periods in the first and second frequency domain positions, starting from the first to fourth time domain positions and with the period P as an interval.

[0183] Next, the first D2R transmission, the first R2D transmission, the second D2R transmission and the second R2D transmission mentioned above are explained.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first D2R transmission is a D2R transmission based on the carrier transmitted by the first communication device.

[0185] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the frequency domain position of the first D2R transmission to the first communication device, for example, can be indicated by the first signaling or signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the first frequency domain position based on the frequency domain position of the first D2R transmission and the second frequency domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0186] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the time domain position of the first D2R transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the first time domain position based on the time domain position of the first D2R transmission and the second time domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0187] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the time domain position of the first D2R transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the second time domain position based on the time domain position of the first D2R transmission and the fifth time domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0188] In some embodiments, the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission, or the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission and the second D2R transmission.

[0189] Optionally, the first R2D transmission indicates the time domain and / or frequency domain resource of the first D2R transmission, thereby scheduling the first D2R transmission.

[0190] Optionally, the first R2D transmission indicates the time domain and / or frequency domain resource of the first D2R transmission and the second D2R transmission, thereby scheduling the first D2R transmission and the second D2R transmission. In this case, the first D2R transmission and the second D2R transmission are scheduled by one R2D transmission (i.e. the first R2D transmission).

[0191] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the first frequency domain position based on the frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission and the third frequency domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0192] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the second frequency domain position based on the frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission and the sixth frequency domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0193] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the time domain position of the first R2D transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the first time domain position based on the time domain position of the first R2D transmission and the third time domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0194] In some embodiments, the second D2R transmission is also a D2R transmission that is backscattered based on the carrier transmitted by the first communication device. In some embodiments, the second D2R transmission is a repeated transmission of the first D2R transmission.

[0195] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the time domain position of the second D2R transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the third time domain position based on the time domain position of the second D2R transmission and the seventh time domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0196] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the time domain position of the second D2R transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the fourth time domain position based on the time domain position of the second D2R transmission and the ninth time domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0197] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the frequency domain position of the second D2R transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the second frequency domain position based on the frequency domain position of the second D2R transmission and the fifth frequency domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0198] In some embodiments, the second R2D transmission is used to schedule the second D2R transmission.

[0199] Optionally, the second R2D transmission indicates the time domain and / or frequency domain resources of the second D2R transmission, thereby scheduling the second D2R transmission.

[0200] Optionally, the second communication device indicates the frequency domain position of the second R2D transmission to the first communication device, e.g. by the first signaling or by signaling other than the first signaling, which is not limited in the present application. The first communication device determines the second frequency domain position based on the frequency domain position of the second R2D transmission and the sixth frequency domain offset contained in the first signaling.

[0201] It should be understood that if the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission and the second D2R transmission, i.e. the second D2R transmission is also scheduled by the first R2D transmission, then the second R2D transmission does not exist. If the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission, i.e. the second D2R transmission is not scheduled by the first R2D transmission, then the second R2D transmission can exist, which is used to schedule the second D2R transmission.

[0202] For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the second communication device sends the first communication device the first signaling, and the time domain position and the frequency domain position corresponding to the first signaling are t0 and f0, respectively.

[0203] In some embodiments, the first signaling contains a first frequency domain offset (f1-f0) and a seventh frequency domain offset (f2-f1), and the first communication device determines the first frequency domain position f1 by adding the first frequency domain offset (f1-f0) to the frequency domain position f0 corresponding to the first signaling, and further determines the second frequency domain position f2 by adding the seventh frequency domain offset (f2-f1) to the first frequency domain position f1. Meanwhile, the first signaling also contains a first time domain offset (t1-t0), and the first communication device determines the first time domain position t1 by adding the first time domain offset (t1-t0) to the time domain position t0 corresponding to the first signaling. In addition, the first signaling also contains a fourth time domain offset (t2-t1), and the first communication device determines the second time domain position t2 by adding the fourth time domain offset (t2-t1) to the first time domain position t1. Furthermore, the first signaling also contains a sixth time domain offset (t3-t2), and the first communication device determines the third time domain position t3 by adding the sixth time domain offset (t3-t2) to the second time domain position t2. Finally, the first signaling also contains an eighth time domain offset (t4-t3), and the first communication device determines the fourth time domain position t4 by adding the eighth time domain offset (t4-t3) to the third time domain position t3. Then, the first communication device transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position f1 and the time domain positions t1 to t2, and the carrier can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to perform backscattering, for example, one or more of the D2R transmissions 1 to 3. Moreover, the first communication device transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position f2 and the time domain positions t3 to t4, and the carrier can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to perform backscattering, for example, one or more of the Repetition transmissions of the D2R transmissions 1 to 3.

[0204] In some embodiments, the second communication device indicates the time-frequency resource positions of the D2R transmissions to the first communication device, for example, the time-frequency resource positions of the D2R transmission 3 and the D2R transmission 3 Repetition. The first signaling contains a second frequency domain offset (f1-f3) and a fifth frequency domain offset (f2-f4), and the first communication device determines the first frequency domain position f1 by adding the second frequency domain offset (f1-f3) to the frequency domain position f3 of the D2R transmission 3, and further determines the second frequency domain position f2 by adding the fifth frequency domain offset (f2-f4) to the frequency domain position f4 of the D2R transmission 3 Repetition. Meanwhile, the first signaling also contains a second time domain offset (t9-t1), and the first communication device determines the first time domain position t1 by subtracting the second time domain offset (t9-t1) from the time domain start position t9 corresponding to the D2R transmission 3. In addition, the first signaling also contains a fifth time domain offset (t2-t 10), the first communication device determines a first time domain position tl according to a time domain start position tl of the D2R transmission 1 minus the first time domain offset (tl-tl) 10 , adds the fifth time domain offset (t2-t 10 ) to determine a second time domain position t2. And the first signaling further includes a seventh time domain offset (t 11 -t3), the first communication device determines a third time domain position t3 according to a time domain start position t 11 of the D2R transmission 3 Repetition minus the seventh time domain offset (t 11 -t3). Finally, the first signaling further includes a ninth time domain offset (t4-t 12 ), the first communication device determines a fourth time domain position t4 according to a time domain end position t 12 of the D2R transmission 3 Repetition plus the ninth time domain offset (t4-t 12 ). Then the first communication device transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position fl and the time domain positions tl to t2, which can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to backscatter, for example, to perform one or more of the D2R transmissions 1 to 3, and transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position f2 and the time domain positions t3 to t4, which can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to backscatter, for example, to perform one or more of the Repetition transmissions of the D2R transmissions 1 to 3. It can be understood that the second communication device can indicate any one of the D2R transmissions and the corresponding offset to the first communication device, for example, indicate the time-frequency resource positions of the D2R transmission 2 and the D2R transmission 2 Repetition, so that the first communication device determines the time-frequency positions of the carrier transmission, for example, in this case, the second frequency domain offset and the fifth frequency domain offset are both 0.

[0205] In some embodiments, the second communication device indicates the time-frequency resource positions of the R2D transmission to the first communication device, for example, indicates the time-frequency resource positions of the R2D transmission 3. The first signaling includes a third frequency domain offset (fl-f3) and a seventh frequency domain offset (f2-fl), the first communication device determines a first frequency domain position fl according to a frequency domain position f3 of the R2D transmission 3 plus the third frequency domain offset (fl-f3), and further determines a second frequency domain position f2 according to the first frequency domain position fl plus the seventh frequency domain offset (f2-fl). At the same time, the first signaling further includes a third time domain offset (tl-t 12 ), the first communication device determines a first time domain position tl according to a time domain end position tl of the R2D transmission 3 minus the third time domain offset (tl-t 12 ). Finally, the first signaling further includes a fifth time domain offset (t2-t 12) determines a first time domain position t1. In addition, the fourth time domain offset (t2-t1) is included in the first signaling, and the first communication device determines a second time domain position t2 according to the first time domain position t1 plus the fourth time domain offset (t2-t1). In addition, the sixth time domain offset (t3-t2) is included in the first signaling, and the first communication device determines a third time domain position t3 according to the second time domain position t2 plus the sixth time domain offset (t3-t2). Finally, the eighth time domain offset (t4-t3) is included in the first signaling, and the first communication device determines a fourth time domain position t4 according to the third time domain position t3 plus the eighth time domain offset (t4-t3). Then the first communication device transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position f1 and the time domain positions t1 to t2, and the carrier can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to backscatter, for example, to perform one or more of the D2R transmissions 1 to 3, and the first communication device transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position f2 and the time domain positions t3 to t4, and the carrier can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to backscatter, for example, to perform one or more of the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 Repetition. Illustratively, the R2D transmission 3 schedules the D2R transmission 3 and the D2R transmission 3 Repetition, i.e., indicates the time-frequency resource positions of the D2R transmission 3 and the D2R transmission 3 Repetition, and the D2R transmission 3 and the D2R transmission 3 Repetition backscatter using the carrier transmitted by the first communication device determined above. For example, the R2D transmission 3 is a Command, and the D2R transmission 3 and the D2R transmission 3 Repetition are used to transmit the feedback corresponding to the Command. Illustratively, the R2D transmission 3 schedules the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 Repetition, i.e., indicates the time-frequency resource positions of the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 Repetition, and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 Repetition backscatter using the carrier transmitted by the first communication device determined above. For example, the R2D transmission 3 is a Query or QueryRep command, and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 Repetition are used by the A-IOT devices 1 to 3 to transmit the corresponding RN16 or EPC, respectively. For example, the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 are used by the A-IOT devices 1 to 3 to transmit the RN16, and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 Repetition are used by the A-IOT devices 1 to 3 to transmit the repetition of the RN16, respectively. For another example, the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 are used by the A-IOT devices 1 to 3 to transmit the EPC, and the D2R transmissions 1 to 3 Repetition are used by the A-IOT devices 1 to 3 to transmit the repetition of the EPC, respectively.It can be understood that the second communication device can indicate any one R2D transmission and the corresponding offset to the first communication device, for example, indicate the time-frequency resource position of R2D transmission 2, R2D transmission 2 is used to schedule D2R transmission 2 and D2R transmission 2 repetition, or R2D transmission 2 is used to schedule D2R transmission 1 to 3 and D2R transmission 1 to 3 repetition, so that the first communication device determines the time-frequency position of the carrier transmission.

[0206] In some embodiments, the first signaling further includes a tenth time domain offset (t5-t1, t6-t2, t7-t3, t8-t4). According to the above embodiments, the first communication device has determined the first frequency domain position f1 and the second frequency domain position f2, and a set of carrier frequency hopping transmissions corresponding to the first to fourth time domain positions t1 to t4. On this basis, the first frequency domain position f1 and the second frequency domain position f2 corresponding to a set of carrier frequency hopping transmissions of the fifth to eighth time domain positions t5 to t8 can be further determined according to the tenth time domain offset, wherein the fifth to eighth time domain positions t5 to t8 are determined according to the first to fourth time domain positions t1 to t4 plus the tenth time domain offset, respectively. The first communication device transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position f1 and the time domain position t5 to t6, which can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to backscatter, for example, to perform one or more of D2R transmissions 4 to 6, and the first communication device transmits a carrier at the frequency domain position f2 and the time domain position t7 to t8, which can be used for one or more A-IOT devices to backscatter, for example, to perform one or more of the repetition transmissions of D2R transmissions 4 to 6. Illustratively, R2D transmission 3 is a Query or QueryRep command, and after receiving the command, A-IOT devices 1 to 3 transmit respective corresponding RN16 on D2R transmissions 1 to 3 and D2R transmissions 1 to 3 repetition, respectively, and transmit respective corresponding EPC of A-IOT devices 1 to 3 on D2R transmissions 4 to 6 and D2R transmissions 4 to 6 repetition, respectively.

[0207] In some embodiments, the first signaling further indicates a period P. According to the above embodiments, the first communication device has determined the first frequency domain position f1 and the second frequency domain position f2, and a set of carrier frequency hopping transmissions corresponding to the first to fourth time domain positions t1 to t4. On this basis, the periodic carrier frequency hopping transmission starting from the first to fourth time domain positions t1 to t4 and with a period P as an interval at the first frequency domain position f1 and the second frequency domain position f2 can be further determined according to the period P. For example, the first frequency domain position f1 and the second frequency domain position f2, and a set of carrier frequency hopping transmissions corresponding to the fifth to eighth time domain positions t5 to t8 are the carrier frequency hopping transmissions in the second period, wherein t5-t1, t6-t2, t7-t3, t8-t4 are all equal to the period P.

[0208] In some embodiments, the first signaling further indicates a period P and a number N of periods. The first communication device has determined the first frequency domain location f1 and the second frequency domain location f2 according to the above embodiments, and the first to fourth time domain locations t1 to t4 correspond to a group of carrier frequency hopping transmissions. On this basis, the periodic carrier frequency hopping transmissions at the first frequency domain location f1 and the second frequency domain location f2, with the first to fourth time domain locations t1 to t4 as the starting point, and with the period P as the interval, for N periods, can be further determined. For example, the first frequency domain location f1 and the second frequency domain location f2, the fifth to eighth time domain locations t5 to t8 correspond to a group of carrier frequency hopping transmissions, which are the carrier frequency hopping transmissions in the second period, where t5-t1, t6-t2, t7-t3, t8-t4 are all equal to the period P.

[0209] The present application designs a signaling mechanism for the second communication device to instruct the first communication device to perform carrier transmission, so that the first communication device transmits carriers at at least two frequency domain locations (such as performing frequency hopping transmission of carriers at at least two frequency domain locations), so that the D2R transmission of the A-IOT device for backscattering also transmits at at least two frequency domain locations (such as also performing frequency hopping transmission), which is beneficial to counteract channel frequency selective fading and ensure the communication reliability of the D2R transmission.

[0210] The following is an apparatus embodiment of the present application. For details not described in detail in the apparatus embodiment of the present application, reference can be made to the method embodiment of the present application.

[0211] Please refer to FIG. 15, which shows a block diagram of a carrier transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus has the functions of implementing the carrier transmission method performed by the first communication device described above, which can be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware. The apparatus can be the first communication device described above, or can be arranged in the first communication device. The apparatus 1500 can include a sending module 1510.

[0212] The sending module 1510 is configured to transmit a carrier according to the first signaling sent by the second communication device, and the frequency domain locations of the carrier transmission include at least two frequency domain locations.

[0213] In some embodiments, the first communication device transmits the carrier in a frequency hopping manner at the at least two frequency domain locations.

[0214] In some embodiments, the first signaling is used to indicate at least one of the following information: a first frequency domain position, a second frequency domain position, a first time domain position, a second time domain position, a third time domain position, a fourth time domain position, a fifth time domain position, a sixth time domain position, a seventh time domain position, an eighth time domain position, a period of transmission of the carrier, a number of periods of transmission of the carrier. The first frequency domain position is one of the at least two frequency domain positions. The second frequency domain position is another of the at least two frequency domain positions, different from the first frequency domain position. The first time domain position is a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The second time domain position is a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The third time domain position is a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The fourth time domain position is a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The fifth time domain position is another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The sixth time domain position is another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The seventh time domain position is another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The eighth time domain position is another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. A period of transmission of the carrier. A number of periods of transmission of the carrier.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or, the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first D2R transmission; or, the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first R2D transmission.

[0216] In some embodiments, the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or, the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a second D2R transmission; or, the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first R2D or a second R2D transmission; or, the second frequency domain position is determined according to the first frequency domain position.

[0217] In some embodiments, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first signaling; or, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first D2R transmission; or, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first R2D transmission.

[0218] In some embodiments, the second time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or, the second time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first D2R transmission.

[0219] In some embodiments, the third time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or the third time domain position is determined according to the second time domain position; or the third time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a second D2R transmission.

[0220] In some embodiments, the fourth time domain position is determined according to the third time domain position; or the fourth time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a second D2R transmission.

[0221] In some embodiments, the first D2R transmission is a D2R transmission based on backscattering of the carrier transmitted by the first communication device.

[0222] In some embodiments, the first R2D transmission is used for scheduling the first D2R transmission, or the first R2D transmission is used for scheduling the first D2R transmission and a second D2R transmission.

[0223] In some embodiments, the second D2R transmission is a repeated transmission of the first D2R transmission.

[0224] In some embodiments, the second R2D transmission is used for scheduling the second D2R transmission.

[0225] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is a network device; or the first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is an intermediate node; or the first communication device is an intermediate node, and the second communication device is a network device.

[0226] Please refer to FIG. 16, which shows a block diagram of a carrier transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application. The apparatus has the functions of implementing the carrier transmission method performed by the second communication device, which can be implemented by hardware, or by executing corresponding software by hardware. The apparatus can be the second communication device, or can be arranged in the second communication device. The apparatus 1600 can include a sending module 1610.

[0227] The sending module 1610 is configured to send first signaling to a first communication device, the first signaling being used for indicating carrier transmission, and a frequency domain position of the carrier transmission including at least two frequency domain positions.

[0228] In some embodiments, the carrier is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner on the at least two frequency domain positions.

[0229] In some embodiments, the first signaling is used to indicate at least one of the following information: a first frequency domain position, a second frequency domain position, a first time domain position, a second time domain position, a third time domain position, a fourth time domain position, a fifth time domain position, a sixth time domain position, a seventh time domain position, an eighth time domain position, a period of transmission of the carrier, a number of periods of transmission of the carrier. The first frequency domain position is one of the at least two frequency domain positions. The second frequency domain position is another of the at least two frequency domain positions, different from the first frequency domain position. The first time domain position is a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The second time domain position is a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The third time domain position is a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The fourth time domain position is a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The fifth time domain position is another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The sixth time domain position is another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position. The seventh time domain position is another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. The eighth time domain position is another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position. A period of transmission of the carrier. A number of periods of transmission of the carrier.

[0230] In some embodiments, the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or, the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first D2R transmission; or, the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first R2D transmission.

[0231] In some embodiments, the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or, the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the second D2R transmission; or, the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first R2D or second R2D transmission; or, the second frequency domain position is determined according to the first frequency domain position.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first signaling; or, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first D2R transmission; or, the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first R2D transmission.

[0233] In some embodiments, the second time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or, the second time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first D2R transmission.

[0234] In some embodiments, the third time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or the third time domain position is determined according to the second time domain position; or the third time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the second D2R transmission.

[0235] In some embodiments, the fourth time domain position is determined according to the third time domain position; or the fourth time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the second D2R transmission.

[0236] In some embodiments, the first D2R transmission is a D2R transmission based on backscattering of the carrier transmitted by the first communication device.

[0237] In some embodiments, the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission, or the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission and a second D2R transmission.

[0238] In some embodiments, the second D2R transmission is a repeated transmission of the first D2R transmission.

[0239] In some embodiments, the second R2D transmission is used to schedule the second D2R transmission.

[0240] In some embodiments, the first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is a network device; or the first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is an intermediate node; or the first communication device is an intermediate node, and the second communication device is a network device.

[0241] It should be noted that the apparatus provided by the above embodiments achieves the functions by means of the above division of functional modules, and in actual applications, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions.

[0242] As to the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manners in which each module performs operations have been described in detail in the embodiments of the method, and will not be described here in detail. For details not described in the apparatus embodiments, reference can be made to the above method embodiments.

[0243] Please refer to FIG. 17, which shows a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1700 can include a processor 1701, a transceiver 1702, and a memory 1703. The transceiver 1702 is configured to implement the sending and / or receiving functions, such as the functions of the sending module described above. The processor 1701 can be configured to implement other processing functions or control the sending and / or receiving.

[0244] The processor 1701 includes one or more processing cores, and performs various function applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0245] The transceiver 1702 can include a receiver and a transmitter, which can be implemented as the same wireless communication component, and can include a wireless communication chip and a radio frequency antenna.

[0246] The memory 1703 can be connected to the processor 1701 and the transceiver 1702.

[0247] The memory 1703 can be used to store a computer program executed by the processor 1701.

[0248] In some embodiments, when the communication device is the first communication device, the transceiver 1702 is configured to transmit a carrier according to the first signaling transmitted by the second communication device, and the frequency domain position of the carrier transmission includes at least two frequency domain positions.

[0249] In some embodiments, when the communication device is the second communication device, the transceiver 1702 is configured to transmit first signaling to the first communication device, and the first signaling is used to indicate carrier transmission, and the frequency domain position of the carrier transmission includes at least two frequency domain positions.

[0250] For details not described in the present embodiment, reference can be made to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0251] In addition, the memory can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic or optical disk, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, static random access memory, read-only memory, magnetic storage, flash memory, programmable read-only memory.

[0252] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to be executed by a processor to implement the carrier transmission method on the first communication device side or the carrier transmission method on the second communication device side. In some embodiments, the computer readable storage medium can include a ROM (Read-Only Memory), a RAM (Random-Access Memory), a SSD (Solid State Drives) or an optical disc, etc. The random access memory can include a ReRAM (Resistance Random Access Memory) and a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

[0253] The embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, wherein the chip includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running, the programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions are used to implement the carrier transmission method on the first communication device side or the carrier transmission method on the second communication device side.

[0254] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes computer instructions, the computer instructions are stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium to implement the carrier transmission method on the first communication device side or the carrier transmission method on the second communication device side.

[0255] It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be direct indication, indirect indication, or can be an indication with an associated relationship. For example, A indicates B, which can mean that B can be obtained by A directly; or A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained by C; or A and B have an associated relationship.

[0256] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" can mean that there is a direct or indirect corresponding relationship between the two, or can mean that there is an associated relationship between the two, or can mean an indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0257] In some embodiments of the present application, "predefined" can be realized by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables or other ways that can be used to indicate related information in devices (for example, including terminal devices and network devices), and the present application does not limit the specific implementation manner thereof. For example, predefined can mean defined in a protocol.

[0258] In some embodiments of the present application, the "protocol" can refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, which can include the LTE protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applied in future communication systems, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0259] "Multiple" mentioned in the present application refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents that the associated objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0260] "Greater than or equal to" mentioned in the present application can mean greater than or equal to, and "less than or equal to" can mean less than or equal to.

[0261] In addition, the step numbers described in the present application only exemplarily show a possible execution order between steps, and in some other embodiments, the above steps can also be executed in a sequence different from the number, such as two steps with different numbers are executed at the same time, or two steps with different numbers are executed in an order opposite to the illustration, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0262] Those skilled in the art should realize that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be realized by hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof. When realized by software, these functions can be stored in a computer readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium includes computer storage medium and communication medium, wherein the communication medium includes any medium facilitating the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a general or special purpose computer.

[0263] The above only describes exemplary embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A carrier transmission method, characterized by, The method is performed by a first communication device, and the method comprises: transmitting a carrier according to first signaling transmitted by a second communication device, a frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first communication device transmits the carrier in a frequency hopping manner on the at least two frequency domain positions.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first signaling is used to indicate at least one of the following information: a first frequency domain position, the first frequency domain position being one of the at least two frequency domain positions; a second frequency domain position, the second frequency domain position being another of the at least two frequency domain positions, different from the first frequency domain position; a first time domain position, the first time domain position being a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a second time domain position, the second time domain position being a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a third time domain position, the third time domain position being a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; a fourth time domain position, the fourth time domain position being a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; a fifth time domain position, the fifth time domain position being another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a sixth time domain position, the sixth time domain position being another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a seventh time domain position, the seventh time domain position being another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; an eighth time domain position, the eighth time domain position being another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; a period of the carrier transmission; and a number of the period of the carrier transmission.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first device-to-reader (D2R) transmission; or the first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first reader-to-device (R2D) transmission.

5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein: the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a second D2R transmission; or the second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first R2D or a second R2D transmission; or the second frequency domain position is determined according to the first frequency domain position.

6. The method of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first signaling; or the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first D2R transmission; or the first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first R2D transmission.

7. The method of any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein: the second time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or the second time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first D2R transmission.

8. The method of any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein: The third time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or The third time domain position is determined according to the second time domain position; or The third time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a second D2R transmission.

9. The method of any of claims 3-8, wherein The fourth time domain position is determined according to the third time domain position; or The fourth time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a second D2R transmission.

10. The method according to any one of claims 4, 6, 7, characterized in that, The first D2R transmission is a D2R transmission based on backscattering of the carrier transmitted by the first communication device.

11. The method according to any one of claims 4, 5, 6, characterized in that, The first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission, or the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission and a second D2R transmission.

12. The method according to any one of claims 5, 8, 9, characterized in that, The second D2R transmission is a repeated transmission of the first D2R transmission.

13. The method of claim 5, wherein, The second R2D transmission is used to schedule the second D2R transmission.

14. The method of any of claims 1-13, wherein The first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is a network device; or The first communication device is a carrier node, and the second communication device is an intermediate node; or The first communication device is an intermediate node, and the second communication device is a network device.

15. A carrier transmission method, characterized by, The method is performed by a second communication device, and the method comprises: sending, to a first communication device, first signaling used to indicate a carrier transmission, a frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The carrier is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner on the at least two frequency domain positions.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The first signaling is used to indicate at least one of the following information: a first frequency domain position, the first frequency domain position being one of the at least two frequency domain positions; a second frequency domain position, the second frequency domain position being another of the at least two frequency domain positions, different from the first frequency domain position; a first time domain position, the first time domain position being a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a second time domain position, the second time domain position being a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a third time domain position, the third time domain position being a time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; a fourth time domain position, the fourth time domain position being a time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; a fifth time domain position, the fifth time domain position being another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a sixth time domain position, the sixth time domain position being another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the first frequency domain position; a seventh time domain position, the seventh time domain position being another time domain start position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; an eighth time domain position, the eighth time domain position being another time domain end position of the carrier transmission at the second frequency domain position; a period of the carrier transmission; a number of the period of the carrier transmission.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein The first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or The first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first device-to-reader (D2R) transmission; or The first frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first reader-to-device (R2D) transmission.

19. The method of claim 17 or 18, wherein The second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of the first signaling; or The second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a second D2R transmission; or The second frequency domain position is determined according to a frequency domain position of a first or second R2D transmission; or The second frequency domain position is determined according to the first frequency domain position.

20. The method of any of claims 17 to 19, wherein The first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of the first signaling; or The first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first D2R transmission; or The first time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first R2D transmission.

21. The method of any of claims 17 to 20, wherein The second time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or The second time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a first D2R transmission.

22. The method of any of claims 17 to 21, wherein The third time domain position is determined according to the first time domain position; or The third time domain position is determined according to the second time domain position; or The third time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a second D2R transmission.

23. The method of any of claims 17 to 22, wherein The fourth time domain position is determined according to the third time domain position; or The fourth time domain position is determined according to a time domain position of a second D2R transmission.

24. The method of any one of claims 18, 20, 21, wherein, The first D2R transmission is a D2R transmission based on backscattering of the carrier transmitted by the first communication device.

25. The method of any one of claims 18, 19, 20, wherein, The first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission, or the first R2D transmission is used to schedule the first D2R transmission and a second D2R transmission.

26. The method of any one of claims 19, 22, 23, wherein, The second D2R transmission is a repeated transmission of the first D2R transmission.

27. The method of claim 19, wherein, The second R2D transmission is used to schedule the second D2R transmission.

28. The method of any of claims 15 to 27, wherein The first communication device is a carrier node and the second communication device is a network device; or The first communication device is a carrier node and the second communication device is an intermediate node; or The first communication device is an intermediate node and the second communication device is a network device.

29. A carrier transmission device, comprising: The apparatus comprises: a sending module configured to transmit a carrier according to first signaling transmitted by a second communication device, a frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

30. A carrier transmission device, comprising: The apparatus comprises: a sending module configured to send first signaling to a first communication device, the first signaling being used to indicate carrier transmission, a frequency domain position of the carrier transmission comprising at least two frequency domain positions.

31. A communications device, characterized by The communication device comprises a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 14, or the method of any one of claims 15 to 28.

32. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: The storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program being configured to be executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 14, or the method of any one of claims 15 to 28.

33. A chip, characterized by The chip comprises programmable logic circuitry and / or program instructions, which, when the chip is running, are configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 14, or the method of any one of claims 15 to 28.

34. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, the computer instructions being read and executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 14, or the method of any one of claims 15 to 28.

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