CSI reporting for monitoring UE sided CSI prediction
The UE and network entity system with CSI reporting and SGCS metric addresses the challenge of monitoring AI/ML-based CSI prediction, enhancing performance management and operational efficiency in wireless communications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems lack effective methods for monitoring and ensuring the performance of AI/ML-based channel state information (CSI) prediction at the user equipment (UE) side, necessitating improved mechanisms for model performance assessment and switching or fallback operations.
Implementing a UE and network entity system for CSI reporting, involving a processor and transceiver to configure and transmit CSI reports on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for monitoring UE-sided CSI prediction, utilizing square generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) as a performance metric, and managing CSI computation and processing units (CPUs) to support AI/ML model performance monitoring.
Enhances the ability to monitor and manage AI/ML model performance for CSI prediction, enabling timely switching or fallback operations, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of wireless communications.
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Figure CN2025094047_12032026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CSI REPORTING FOR MONITORING UE SIDED CSI PREDICTIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to a user equipment (UE) , a network entity, a processor for wireless communication, methods, and computer readable media for channel state information (CSI) reporting for monitoring UE sided CSI prediction.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] Time domain channel state information (CSI) prediction with artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) ability is being specified in new radio (NR) Rel-19 to improve the CSI prediction performance by exploiting the UE side AI / ML ability. The UE uses the historical CSI as the model input to predict the CSI for future time instance. To ensure that the AI / ML models can be well matched with the current scenario and channel conditions, performance monitoring procedure is needed to monitor the performance of the current AI / ML models used for inference. One example is that the UE reports the monitoring result for a certain monitoring report to the network (NW) . Based on the received monitoring results, the NW can determine whether the current AI / ML models are applicable or not and can indicate the UE to perform AL / ML model switching or fallback operation.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to a user equipment (UE) , a network entity, a processor for wireless communication, methods, and computer readable media for CSI reporting for monitoring UE sided CSI prediction.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a UE. The UE comprises: a processor; and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and transmit, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a network entity. The network entity comprises: a processor; and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: transmit, to a user equipment (UE) , a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and receive, from the UE, a first CSI report for monitoring the CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a processor for wireless communication. The processor comprises: at least one memory; and a controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to: receive, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and transmit, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.
[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a method performed by a user equipment (UE) , the method comprising: receiving, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and transmitting, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.
[0009] In an fifth aspect, there is provided a method performed by a network entity, the method comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and receiving, from the UE, a first CSI report for monitoring the CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, causing the apparatus to perform the method according to the fourth or the fifth aspect of the disclosure.
[0011] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, if a report type of the first CSI report configuration is aperiodic, the report type of the second CSI report configuration linked to the first CSI report configuration is aperiodic or semi-persistent; and / or if the report type of the first CSI report configuration is semi-persistent reporting on the PUSCH, the report type of the second CSI report configuration linked to the first CSI report configuration is semi-persistent reporting on the PUSCH.
[0012] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the first report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction indicates at least one of the following: at least one prediction time instance for monitoring; and / or at least one layer for monitoring.
[0013] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the UE may calculate a monitoring result for a prediction time instance used in time domain CSI prediction reporting based on a CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) transmission occasion of a resource associated with the first CSI report configuration, wherein the CSI-RS transmission occasion of the resource associated with the first CSI report configuration is no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the first CSI report including the monitoring result and has a minimal time offset to the prediction time instance.
[0014] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, a second CSI report for the second CSI report configuration, one or more transmission occasions of CSI-RS resources associated with the first CSI report configuration, and one or more prediction time instances corresponding to the second CSI report, are no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the first CSI report, wherein the CSI prediction and measurements on the CSI-RS resources associated with the first CSI report configuration are used in calculating monitoring results.
[0015] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the UE is configured to report a monitoring result for any of one of prediction time instances for one or more layers in the first CSI report, and the UE may calculate the monitoring result based on one prediction time instance having a minimal time offset to one of CSI-RS transmission occasions of resources associated with the first CSI report configuration no later than the CSI reference corresponding to the first CSI report.
[0016] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the first CSI report includes an indicator to indicate the prediction time instance for the monitoring result in the first CSI report.
[0017] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the UE is configured to report a monitoring result for multiple prediction time instances for one or more layers, and the UE may calculate the monitoring result for at least one prediction time instance that is linked to a CSI-RS transmission occasion with a time offset less than a predefined or configured number of slots; or calculate the monitoring result for all the indicated multiple prediction time instance or all the prediction time instances.
[0018] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, a report type of the second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting is semi-persistent, and the UE may calculate a monitoring result based on N latest CSI-RS transmission occasions of monitoring resources with actual linked prediction time instances, no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the first CSI report, wherein N is configured in the first CSI report configuration.
[0019] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the first CSI report comprises square generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) information in wideband or per subband.
[0020] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, in a case that more than one monitoring occasions are configured for SGCS reporting, the UE may report statistic SGCS for a certain prediction instance for a certain layer over the monitoring occasions.
[0021] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, in a case that subband SGCS reporting is configured, the UE may report the SGCS information for the first layer or the first and the second layer for an indicated prediction time instance.
[0022] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, in a case that SGCS reporting for more than two layers, or for more than one prediction time instance is configured, the UE may report the SGCS information in wideband.
[0023] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, a maximum number of prediction time instances for SGCS reporting is configured in the first CSI report configuration, and the UE may select no more than the maximum number of prediction time instances for SGCS reporting.
[0024] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the UE may report a first subband or wideband SGCS for a certain layer for a certain prediction time instance.
[0025] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the UE may report a reference SGCS calculated based on ground truth CSI and measured CSI corresponding to the latest CSI-RS transmission occasion no later than a CSI reference resource of the CSI prediction reporting instance subject to UE capability in a same SGCS reporting.
[0026] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the UE may report, to the network entity, a number NSGCG of occupied CSI processing units (CPUs) for SGCS reporting for a layer for a prediction time instance, where NSGCG≥1.
[0027] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the number of occupied CPUs for a SGCG report for L layers and prediction time instances is where ceil () is the ceiling function.
[0028] In some implementations of the methods, the UE and the network entity described herein, the parameter to determine the CSI computation time requirement for SGCG reporting is defined as (Z2+w, Z′2) , where w is a time duration in number of symbols related to the number of layers and / or the number of prediction time instances for the SGCS reporting, and (Z2, Z′2) are specified in TS38.214V18.4.0, table 5.4-2.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.
[0030] FIG. 2 illustrates a process flow for CSI reporting for monitoring UE sided CSI prediction in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of performance monitoring for certain prediction time instance (s) in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a device that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a processor that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method that performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method that performed by a network entity in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0036] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below. In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0038] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0039] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms. In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatuses are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0040] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a, ” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises, ” “comprising, ” “has, ” “having, ” “includes” and / or “including, ” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, components and / or the like, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. For example, the term “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The use of an expression such as “A and / or B” can mean either “only A” or “only B” or “both A and B. ” Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0041] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system. FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0042] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface. In a 3GPP non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a network entity 102 in form of a satellite can directly communicate to UE 104 using NR / LTE Uu interface. The satellite may be a transparent satellite or a regenerative satellite. For NTN with a transparent satellite, a base station on earth may communicate with a UE via the satellite. For NTN with a regenerative satellite, the base station may be on board and directly communicate with the UE.
[0043] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0044] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0045] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0046] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0047] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) . As used herein, the term “TRP” refers to a transmission-reception point having an antenna array (with one or more antenna elements) at the network side located at a specific geographical location, which may be used for transmitting and receiving signals to / from the terminal device. In embodiment of the present disclosure, a TRP may refer to Macro Cell, micro cell, an RRH, a relay, a femto node, a pico node, etc.
[0048] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0049] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0050] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0051] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0052] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0053] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0054] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0055] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0056] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0057] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0058] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0059] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0060] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0061] In the present disclosure, the term “inference” refers to CSI prediction based on UE sided AI / ML ability, and the terms “inference” and “CSI prediction” may be used interchangeably. A CSI report with AI inference or an inference report refers to a CSI report that includes predicted CSI, including but not limited to: rank indicator (RI) , precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , channel quality indicator (CQI) , layer indicator (LI) , CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) or synchronization signal block (SSB) based reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) / signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) , and others.
[0062] To ensure that the AI / ML models can be well matched with the current scenario and channel conditions, performance monitoring procedure is needed to monitor the performance of the current AI / ML models used for inference. The UE may report the monitoring result for a certain monitoring report to the network (NW) . Based on the received monitoring results, the NW can determine whether the current AI / ML models are applicable or not and can indicate the UE to perform AL / ML model switching or fallback operation.
[0063] In the present disclosure, a CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction refers to a CSI report that includes performance monitoring metric calculated based on the predicted CSI and the actual measured CSI.
[0064] It has been agreed to take square generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) as the performance monitoring metric. Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the following issues to support performance monitoring for UE sided AI-based CSI prediction, including: how to determine the resources for the SGCS calculation for a monitoring occasion, how to report the SGCG related information to the NW, and CSI processing including the CPU occupation and CSI computation time for SGCS reporting. It should be understood that different performance monitoring metrics other than SGCS may also be applicable.
[0065] FIG. 2 illustrates a process flow 200 for performance monitoring for AI-based beam prediction at UE side in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process flow 200 involves a UE 201 and a network entity (NW) (e.g. a base station, such as gNB) 202. The process flow 200 may be applied to the wireless communications system 100 with reference to FIG. 1, for example, the UE 201 may be any of UEs 104, and the network entity 202 may be or comprise any of the network entities 102. It would be appreciated that the process flow 200 may be applied to other communication scenarios.
[0066] At 210, the network entity 202 transmits to the UE 201, a first CSI report configuration 215 for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration 215 is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances. Correspondingly, at 220, the UE 201 receives the first CSI report configuration 215 from the network entity 202.
[0067] At 230, the network entity 202 transmits CSI-RS resources associated with the first CSI report configuration 215 as the channel measurement resource (CMR) , and the UE 201 receives and measures the CSI-RS resources. Additionally, the network entity 202 may also transmit CSI-RS resources associated with the second CSI report configuration for the UE 201 to obtain the CSI as the AI-based model inputs for CSI prediction. In some embodiments, the UE may transmit a CSI report including the CSI prediction to the network entity 202 based on the second CSI report configuration.
[0068] At 240, the UE 201 may further calculate monitoring results based on the CSI prediction and measurements on the CSI-RS resources associated with the first CSI report. In some embodiments, the UE 201 may calculate SGCS as the performance monitoring metric based on a predicted precoder for a certain layer, a certain subband and a certain prediction time instance, and a precoder used for ground truth for the same layer, subband and prediction time instance.
[0069] At 250, the UE 201 transmits, to the network entity 202, a first CSI report 255 for monitoring CSI prediction on a PUSCH based on the first CSI report configuration. Correspondingly, at 260, the network entity 202 receives the first CSI report 255 from the UE 201.
[0070] In this disclosure, a CSI report corresponding to the first CSI report configuration refers a monitoring report, SGCS report or SGCS related information report. A CSI report corresponding to the second CSI report configuration refers to an inference report or CSI prediction report or predicted CSI report.
[0071] In the following, issues related to resources for SGCS calculation are discussed.
[0072] A CSI report configuration (i.e. the second CSI report configuration) may be associated with one CSI-RS resource set for AI-based predicted CSI report, wherein the CSI-RS resource set may comprise one periodic CSI-RS resource, semi-persistent CSI-RS resource or K aperiodic CSI-RS resources. The UE shall use the CSIs obtained by the K CSI-RS resource transmission occasions as the model input for inference, then the UE may obtain the predicted CSI based on the model output for N4 future time instances.
[0073] For performance monitoring, a CSI report configuration (i.e. the first CSI report configuration) associated with a CSI-RS resource set can be linked with a CSI report configuration for inference report for monitoring. Considering the CSI report overhead, similar with CSI report for non-AI based CSI prediction in NR Rel-18, CSI report over PUSCH with AI-based prediction is supported. Thus, the following combination for inference report type and monitoring report type are supported:
[0074] In some embodiments, if a report type of the first CSI report configuration is aperiodic, the report type of the second CSI report configuration linked to the first CSI report configuration is aperiodic or semi-persistent. Additionally, if the report type of the first CSI report configuration is semi-persistent reporting on the PUSCH, the report type of the second CSI report configuration linked to the first CSI report configuration is semi-persistent reporting on the PUSCH.
[0075] In some embodiments, the semi-persistent SGCS report on PUSCH for performance monitoring may be activated or deactivated by downlink control information (DCI) , and the aperiodic SGCS report for performance monitoring maybe triggered by DCI.
[0076] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of performance monitoring for certain prediction time instance (s) in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0077] In some embodiments, the UE may support performance monitoring for one configured prediction time instance for a certain layer. The one prediction instance (i.e., the n4∈ {1, …, N4} ) can be configured in the first CSI report configuration, i.e., CSI-ReportConfig for monitoring report. n4=1 is the default value if it is not provided.
[0078] In some embodiments, one or more certain layers, e.g., the first layer, the two layers or all the layers can be configured in the CSI-ReportConfig for monitoring report. The first layer or all the layers is the default value if it is not provided.
[0079] In some embodiments, one or more non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resource sets can be configured as the CMR for the CSI-ReportConfig for aperiodic CSI report but only one NZP CSI-RS resource set is selected when it is associated with a CSI-AperiodicTriggerState. Each CSI-AperiodicTriggerState may be mapped to a CSI request field in a DCI for the aperiodic CSI triggering.
[0080] A CSI-AperiodicTriggerState which is associated with the CSI-ReportConfig for monitoring may be linked with the second CSI report configuration, i.e., CSI-ReportConfig for inference report. If the linked CSI-ReportConfig is an aperiodic report, a CSI-AperiodicTriggerState that is associated with a CSI-ReportConfig for CSI inference report is also configured for the linkage. The NZP CSI-RS resources within the NZP CSI-RS resource set associated with the two CSI-AperiodicTriggerStates may be configured with the same transmission control indicator (TCI) state or quasi-colocation (QCL) information or are configured to follow a same TCI state.
[0081] In some embodiments, the UE may calculate the SGCS of the n4-th prediction instance based on a CSI-RS transmission occasion of monitoring resource (s) , i.e., the CSI-RS resources associated with the CSI report configuration for SGCS related information reporting, with linked prediction time instance, no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the CSI report for monitoring. The CSI reference resource for a CSI reporting in an uplink (UL) slot n’ is defined by a single DL slot n that is a number of slots before slot n’ . The measurement results corresponding to the n4-th prediction time instance may be linked with the NZP CSI-RS transmission occasion which has the minimal slot offset to the n4-th prediction time instance. That is, the NZP CSI-RS transmission occasion that is closest in time domain to the n4-th prediction time instance is selected for CSI measurement. Alternatively, the UE may determine a n4-th prediction time instance which has the minimal slot offset to a NZP CSI-RS transmission occasion of the monitoring resource (s) associated with the first CSI report configuration for the measurement results calculation. The NZP CSI-RS transmission occasion of the monitoring resource may be the latest CSI-RS transmission occasion no later than the CSI reference resource corresponding to the CSI report for monitoring.
[0082] In some embodiments, the corresponding inference reports, and the transmission occasion of the CSI-RS resources for monitoring, and the n4-th prediction time instance are no later than the CSI reference resource corresponding to the CSI report for monitoring. In some embodiments, the minimal slot offset k should be no larger than X;otherwise, the transmission occasion of the CSI-RS resources for monitoring does not have linked inference report .
[0083] An example for this embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 3, the UE is configured to monitor the performance of the 2nd prediction time instance, i.e., n4=2 of the linked inference report. The SGCS is calculated based on the CSI-RS transmission occasion#1 which has minimal slot offset to the 2nd prediction time instance, i.e., Case 1.
[0084] In some embodiments, the UE may support performance monitoring for any one of the prediction time instances for a certain layer. In this case, the measurement result is calculated based on one prediction time instance which has minimal time offset with one of the CSI-RS transmission occasion.
[0085] In this embodiment, the prediction time instance for the monitoring result report may be determined by the UE and is indicated in the monitoring reporting by the UE. If more than one prediction time instances have a linked CSI-RS transmission occasion with a same minimal slot offset, e.g., slot offset=0, the UE may report the monitoring result corresponding to the earliest or the latest prediction result or up to UE implementation.
[0086] For the example provided in FIG. 3, the UE can report the SGCS corresponding to the first prediction time instance or the third prediction time instance, i.e., Case 2.
[0087] In some embodiments, the UE may support performance monitoring for multiple prediction time instances, e.g., all the N4 prediction time instance. The UE may have two options.
[0088] In Option 1, the UE may report the monitoring results for the prediction time instance that has linked NZP CSI-RS transmission occasions with slot offset no later than X. In this option, a CSI-RS transmission occasion can only be used for the SGCS calculation for one prediction time instance, and each prediction time instance is linked with one CSI-RS transmission for SGCS calculation. The UE may indicate the prediction time instance with SGCS.
[0089] For the example provided in FIG. 3, the UE shall report the SGCS corresponding to the first prediction time instance and the third prediction time instance, i.e., Case 3.
[0090] In Option 2, the UE may report the monitoring results for all the indicated multiple prediction time instances or all the prediction time instances. For each prediction time instance, the UE may use the CSI-RS transmission that has minimal slot offset to the prediction time instance for the SGCS calculation.
[0091] For the example provided in FIG. 3, the UE may use CSI-RS transmission occasion#2 to calculate the SGCS for the first prediction instance and use CSI-RS transmission#1 to calculate the SGCS for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th prediction time instance, i.e., Case 4.
[0092] In the following, issues related to SGCS reporting are discussed.
[0093] For a given layer l∈ {1, …, v} , subband n3∈ {1, …, N3} , and prediction instance n4∈ {1, …, N4} , SGCS is defined as where is the predicted precoder represented by PMI (Precoding matrix indicator) used for inference for l-th layer, n3-th subband and n4-th prediction instance, and is the precoder represented by PMI used for ground-truth CSI for l-th layer, n3-th subband and n3-th prediction instance.
[0094] Basically, in frequency, the SGCS can be reported in wideband or per subband at least for the case that N3>1 is configured for the codebook for the first and / or the second CSI report configuration. For the case that the number of monitoring occasions N>=1, the UE can be indicated to report the statistic of reporting contents, such as mean, or the Y-percentile cumulative distribution function (CDF) of SGCS values, Y is a specified value or configured by the NW.
[0095] In some embodiments, the UE can be indicated to report the statistic SGCS for a certain prediction instance over the N monitoring occasions. Depending on the model implantation, the UE can report a layer specific statistic SGCS, for example, for the case that layer specific model is deployed by the UE. Alternatively, the UE may report a statistic SGCS for all the layers for that case that a layer common model is deployed by the UE. Which one should be reported is configured by NW subject to UE capability.
[0096] For the case that N=1, the UE can be configured to report a first subband or wideband SGCS for a certain layer for a certain prediction time instance. Additionally, the UE can be configured to report an additional SGCS which is calculated based on a ground truth CSI and the CSI measured corresponding to the latest CSI-RS transmission occasion no later than CSI reference resource corresponding to the inference report subject to UE capability, as illustrated in FIG. 3. The CSI reference resource for the inference CSI reporting in UL slot n’ is defined by a single DL slot n that is a number of slots before slot n’ . The additional SGCS may be regarded as a reference metric to evaluate the model performance. In some embodiments, the first and the second SGCS may have the same frequency band configuration for the same layer (s) .
[0097] Assume that a 3bits quantized SGCS is reported. If the UE is configured to report N3=19 subband SGCS for all the subbands, all L=4 layers and all N4=8 prediction time instances, the total UCI overhead is 3×N3×L×N4=1824. The uplink control information (UCI) overhead is too large. Some restrictions may be applied to limit the UCI overhead.
[0098] Restriction #1: If subband SGCS reporting is configured, the UE expects only to report the SGCS for the first layer or the first and the second layer for an indicated prediction time instance. In this case the maximum number of UCI overhead is 3×19×2=114bits, i.e., N3=19 and L=2. If the additional reference SGCS is reported, the maximum UCI overhead is 228bits. An example UCI format is provided in Table 1. The SGCS for reference CSI in Table 1 is the additional SGCS which is calculated based on a ground truth CSI and the CSI measured corresponding to the latest CSI-RS transmission occasion no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the inference report.
[0099] On the other hand, the maximum number of subbands for SGCS reporting can be further restricted. For example, if the number of subband is less than or equals to Nsub, then the SGCS is reported per subband. Otherwise, if the number of subband is larger than Nsub, then the SGCS is reported per two or more continuous subband to ensure the overhead is no more than the overhead with subband Nsub.
[0100] Restriction #2: If the UE is configured to report the SGCS for more than two layers, only wideband SGCS is reported. In this case, the maximum number of UCI overhead is 3×4×8=96, i.e., the UE is configured to report the SGCS for 4 layers for all N4=8 prediction time instances. If additional reference SGCS is reported, the maximum UCI overhead is 196bits. An example UCI format is provided in Table 2.
[0101] Restriction #3: If the time instance (s) for the SGCS is selected by the UE, the NW may configure the maximum number of prediction time instance for the SGCS reporting. In some embodiments, zero padding may be needed if a smaller number of prediction time instance is reported to ensure a fixed number of UCI bits, as shown in Table 3.
[0102] Restriction #4: The NW can also configure the number of bits and the SGCS levels for SGCS quantization for the UCI overhead reduction. For example, the NW may directly configure a SGCS threshold, then the UE only need to report a single bit for the wideband or subband (s) in frequency domain for a certain layer for a certain prediction time instance that whether the SGCS is above or below the threshold. Alternatively, the UE can only report the number of monitoring occasions in frequency domain and in time domain with the SGCS above a configured threshold.
[0103] Tables 1 to 3 below show example formats for SGCS reporting. Table 1 UCI format for subband SGCS reporting for single layers for multiple time instances Table 2 UCI format for wideband SGCS reporting for multiple layers for multiple time instances Table 3 UCI format for wideband SGCS reporting for multiple layers for multiple time instances
[0104] In the following, issues related to CSI processing and computation for SGCS reporting are discussed.
[0105] The concept of CSI process unit (CPU) is specified in NR Rel-15 for the multiple CSI report for a UE. A UE is required to indicate the number of supported simultaneous CSI calculations NCPU. If the UE supports NCPU simultaneous CSI calculations it is said to have NCPU CSI processing units for processing CSI reports across all configured cells. If L CPUs are occupied for calculation of CSI reports in a given OFDM symbol, the UE has NCPU-L unoccupied CPUs. If N CSI reports start occupying their respective CPUs on the same OFDM symbol on which NCPU-L CPUs are unoccupied, where each CSI report n=0, …, N-1 corresponds to the UE is not required to update the N-M requested CSI reports with lowest priority, where 0≤M≤N is the largest value such that holds.
[0106] Various CSI report including RSRP, SINR, PMI, CQI, Delay offset, frequency offset, phase offset reporting are supporting until NR Release 19 and the number of occupied CPUs for different CSI reporting is specified.
[0107] The UE may need to report the number of occupied CPUs for the SGCS reporting for a layer with a prediction time instance NSGCG≥1. Then the occupied CPUs for a SGCS report for L layers and prediction time instances is If the monitoring window N is also configured, the occupied CPUs may also be related to the value of N.
[0108] Further restriction may be introduced to limit the maximum number of the occupied CPUs, e.g., or to limit the minimum number of occupied CPUs e.g., to ensure the UE can report a valid SGCS. Kmax or Kmin is a specified value subject to UE capability, where Kmax indicates the maximum number of CPUs that can be occupied for a SGCS report, and Kmin indicates the minimum number of CPUs that can be occupied for a SGCS report.
[0109] Alternatively, the number of occupied CPUs for a SGCS report may only be related to the number of predicted time instance For example, the occupied CPUs for a SGCS report for L layers and prediction time instance is where ceil is the ceiling function.
[0110] Alternatively, the number of occupied CPUs for a SGCS report may not be related to the number of predicted time instance as well as the number of layers. For example, the occupied CPUs for a SGCS report is OCOU=Y, where Y is reported as part of UE capability.
[0111] The CSI computation may also be related to the number of prediction time instances and / or the number of layers for SGCS reporting.
[0112] When the CSI request field on a DCI triggers a CSI report (s) on PUSCH, the UE shall provide a valid CSI report for the n-th triggered report, · if the first uplink symbol to carry the corresponding CSI report (s) including the effect of the timing advance, starts no earlier than at symbol Zref, and · if the first uplink symbol to carry the n-th CSI report including the effect of the timing advance, starts no earlier than at symbol Z′ref (n) , where Zref is defined as the next uplink symbol with its cyclic prefix (CP) starting, Tproc, CSI= (Z) (2048+144) ·κ2-μ·Tc+Tswitch after the end of the last symbol of the PDCCH (physical downlink control channel) triggering the CSI report (s) , and where Z′ref (n) , is defined as the next uplink symbol with its CP starting T′proc, CSI= (Z′) (2048+144) ·κ2-μ·Tc after the end of the last symbol in time of the latest of: aperiodic CSI-RS resource for channel measurements, aperiodic CSI-interference measurement (CSI-IM) used for interference measurements, and aperiodic NZP CSI-RS for interference measurement for a CSI-ReportConfig, when aperiodic CSI-RS is used for channel measurement for the n-th triggered CSI report, and where Tswitc4 is the switching gap duration for the UE configured with dual UL for uplink Tx switching.
[0113] In some embodiments, the parameter to determine the CSI computation time requirement for SGCS report is defined as (Z2+w, Z′2) with (Z2, Z′2) of table 5.4-2 specified in TS38.214V18.4.0, which is reproduced as follows, where symbols, according to the reported UE capability, where the value of w0∈ {0, 1, 2, 4} is indicated by UE capability. Table 5.4-2: CSI computation delay requirement 2 Xμ is according to UE reported capability beamReportTiming and KBl is according to UE reported capability beamSwitchTiming.
[0114] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a device that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 400 may be an example of a UE 104 or network entity 102 as described herein. The device 400 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 400 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 402, a memory 404, a transceiver 406, and, optionally, an I / O controller 408. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0115] The processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0116] In some implementations, the processor 402, the memory 404, the transceiver 406, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 402 and the memory 404 coupled with the processor 402 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 402, instructions stored in the memory 404) .
[0117] For example, the processor 402 may support wireless communication at the device 400 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The device 400 may be an example of a UE 104. In this case, the processor 402 may be configured to operable to support means for receiving, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and means for transmitting, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.
[0118] The device 400 may be an example of a network entity, e.g., a network entity 102. In this case, the processor 402 may be configured to operable to support means for transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and means for receiving, from the UE, a first CSI report for monitoring the CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
[0119] The processor 402 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 402 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 402. The processor 402 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 404) to cause the device 400 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0120] The memory 404 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 402 cause the device 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 402 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 404 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0121] The I / O controller 408 may manage input and output signals for the device 400. The I / O controller 408 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 400. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 408 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 402. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 400 via the I / O controller 408 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 408.
[0122] In some implementations, the device 400 may include a single antenna 410. However, in some other implementations, the device 400 may have more than one antenna 410 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 406 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 410, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 406 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 406 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 410 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 410. The transceiver 406 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0123] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 410 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0124] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 410 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0125] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a processor 500 is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 500 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 500 may include a controller 502 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 500 may optionally include at least one memory 504. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 500 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 506. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0126] The processor 500 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0127] The controller 502 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 500 to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 502 may operate as a control unit of the processor 500, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 500. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0128] The controller 502 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 504 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 502 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 504. The controller 502 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 502 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 500 to cause the processor 500 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 502 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 500. The controller 502 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 500.
[0129] The memory 504 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 500 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 504 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 500) . In some other implementations, the memory 504 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 500) .
[0130] The memory 504 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 500, cause the processor 500 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 502 and / or the processor 500 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 504 to cause the processor 500 to perform various functions (e.g., UE initialed beam reporting) . For example, the processor 500 and / or the controller 502 may be coupled with or to the memory 504, the processor 500, the controller 502, and the memory 504 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 500 may include multiple processors and the memory 504 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0131] The one or more ALUs 506 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 506 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 506 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 500) . One or more ALUs 506 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 506 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 506 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 506 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 506 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0132] The processor 500 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 500 may implemented at a UE 104. In this case, the processor 500 may be configured to operable to support means for receiving, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and means for transmitting, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.
[0133] The processor 500 may implemented at a network entity 102, e.g. a base station. In this case, the processor 500 may be configured to operable to support means for transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; and means for receiving, from the UE, a first CSI report for monitoring the CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
[0134] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 600 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 600 may be performed by a UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0135] At 610, the method may include receiving, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances. The operations of 610 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 610 may be performed by a UE 104 as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0136] At 620, the method may include transmitting, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration. The operations of 620 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 620 may be performed by a UE 104 as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0137] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method 700 performed by a network entity in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 700 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 700 may be performed by a network entity 102 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0138] At 710, the method may include transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances. The operations of 710 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 710 may be performed by a network entity 102 as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0139] At 720, the method may include receiving, from the UE, a first CSI report for monitoring the CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) . The operations of 720 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 720 may be performed by a network entity 102 as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0140] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0141] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0142] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0143] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0144] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on”shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0145] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; andtransmit, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.2.The UE of claim 1, whereinif a report type of the first CSI report configuration is aperiodic, the report type of the second CSI report configuration linked to the first CSI report configuration is aperiodic or semi-persistent; orif the report type of the first CSI report configuration is semi-persistent reporting on the PUSCH, the report type of the second CSI report configuration linked to the first CSI report configuration is semi-persistent reporting on the PUSCH.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction indicates at least one of the following:at least one prediction time instance for monitoring; and / orat least one layer for monitoring.4.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:calculate a monitoring result for a prediction time instance used in time domain CSI prediction reporting based on a CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) transmission occasion of a resource associated with the first CSI report configuration,wherein the CSI-RS transmission occasion of the resource associated with the first CSI report configuration is no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the first CSI report including the monitoring result and has a minimal time offset to the prediction time instance.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein a second CSI report for the second CSI report configuration, one or more transmission occasions of CSI-RS resources associated with the first CSI report configuration, and one or more prediction time instances corresponding to the second CSI report, are no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the first CSI report,wherein the CSI prediction and measurements on the CSI-RS resources associated with the first CSI report configuration are used in calculating monitoring results.6.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UE is configured to report a monitoring result for any of one of prediction time instances for one or more layers in the first CSI report, and the processor is further configured to:calculate the monitoring result based on one prediction time instance having a minimal time offset to one of CSI-RS transmission occasions of resources associated with the first CSI report configuration no later than the CSI reference corresponding to the first CSI report.7.The UE of claim 6, wherein the first CSI report includes an indicator to indicate the prediction time instance for the monitoring result in the first CSI report.8.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UE is configured to report a monitoring result for multiple prediction time instances for one or more layers, and the processor is further configured to at least one of the following:calculate the monitoring result for at least one prediction time instance that is linked to a CSI-RS transmission occasion with a time offset less than a predefined or configured number of slots; orcalculate the monitoring result for all the indicated multiple prediction time instance or all the prediction time instances.9.The UE of claim 1, wherein a report type of the second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting is semi-persistent, and the processor is further configured to:calculate a monitoring result based on N latest CSI-RS transmission occasions of monitoring resources with actual linked prediction time instances, no later than a CSI reference resource corresponding to the first CSI report, wherein N is configured in the first CSI report configuration.10.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first CSI report comprises square generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) information in wideband or per subband.11.The UE of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to:in a case that more than one monitoring occasions are configured for SGCS reporting, report statistic SGCS for a certain prediction instance for a certain layer over the monitoring occasions.12.The UE of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to:in a case that subband SGCS reporting is configured, report the SGCS information for the first layer or the first and the second layer for an indicated prediction time instance.13.The UE of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to:in a case that SGCS reporting for more than two layers, or for more than one prediction time instance is configured, report the SGCS information in wideband.14.The UE of claim 10, wherein a maximum number of prediction time instances for SGCS reporting is configured in the first CSI report configuration, and wherein the processor is further configured to:select no more than the maximum number of prediction time instances for SGCS reporting.15.The UE of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to:report a first subband or wideband SGCS for a certain layer for a certain prediction time instance.16.The UE of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to:report a reference SGCS calculated based on ground truth CSI and measured CSI corresponding to the latest CSI-RS transmission occasion no later than a CSI reference resource of the CSI prediction reporting instance subject to UE capability in a same SGCS reporting.17.The UE of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to:report, to the network entity, a number NSGCG of occupied CSI processing units (CPUs) for SGCS reporting for a layer for a prediction time instance, where NSGCG≥1.18.A network entity comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:transmit, to a user equipment (UE) , a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; andreceive, from the UE, a first CSI report for monitoring the CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .19.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:receive, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; andtransmit, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.20.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , the method comprising:receiving, from a network entity, a first channel state information (CSI) report configuration for monitoring CSI prediction, wherein the first CSI report configuration is linked to a second CSI report configuration for time domain CSI prediction reporting associated with one or more prediction time instances; andtransmitting, to the network entity, a first CSI report for monitoring CSI prediction on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , based on the first CSI report configuration.
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