Communication method and apparatus, and terminal, network-side device and medium

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a communication method and apparatus, and a terminal, a network-side device and a medium. The communication method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: before a first data packet related to a call service is sent, when a first condition is met, a terminal sending a second data packet, wherein the first condition comprises at least one of the following: completing the establishment of a first bearer, which is used for transmitting the first data packet, having received an SDP answer message, completing the sending of the SDP answer message, or the terminal having accessed a network by means of a satellite.

Description

Communication method, apparatus, terminal, network side device and medium

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411294674.7 filed on September 14, 2024 in China, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a communication method, apparatus, terminal, network side device and medium. BACKGROUND

[0004] Currently, in a call flow initiated by a terminal, after a calling terminal receives a 200 OK (i.e., success) response message sent by a called terminal, the calling terminal starts to send data packets related to a call service, for example, real-time transport protocol (RTP) data packets; and then, after sending the RTP data packets, the calling terminal starts a robust header compression (ROHC) process to compress at least one of an Internet Protocol (IP) header, a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header and an RTP header of the sent RTP data packets, so as to improve the resource utilization of an air interface.

[0005] However, in some scenarios with a low transmission rate, for example, when a terminal accesses a network through a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, the transmission rate is only 1 kilobits per second (kbps). Therefore, it takes about 0.8 s to transmit a 20 ms RTP data packet in an initial call stage, which results in that the call cannot be normally conducted in the first 4-5 s of the call.

[0006] Therefore, how to ensure that the call can be normally conducted in the initial call stage in the case of a low transmission rate is a problem to be solved urgently. SUMMARY

[0007] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, apparatus, terminal, network side device and medium, which can ensure that the call can be normally conducted in the initial call stage in the case of a low transmission rate.

[0008] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, performed by a terminal, the method comprising: before sending a first data packet related to a voice service, sending, by the terminal, a second data packet if a first condition is met; wherein the first condition comprises at least one of: completing establishment of a first bearer, the first bearer being used to transmit the first data packet; receiving a Session Description Protocol (SDP) answer message; completing sending of the SDP answer message; and the terminal accessing a network via a satellite.

[0009] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, performed by a first network device, the method comprising: sending, by the first network device, a first message to a second network device if a second condition is met; wherein the first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third data packet to a terminal, and the second condition comprises at least one of: determining that establishment of a first bearer for the terminal is completed, the first bearer being used to transmit the first data packet related to the voice service; determining that the terminal accesses the network via a satellite; completing sending of an SDP answer message to the terminal; and receiving the SDP answer message sent by the terminal.

[0010] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided, performed by a fourth network device, the method comprising: sending, by the fourth network device, first information to an access network device if a third condition is met; wherein the first information comprises at least one of: an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol; and the third condition comprises at least one of: completing establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determining that the calling terminal accesses the network via a satellite, completing establishment of the first bearer for the called terminal, and determining that the called terminal accesses the network via a satellite; wherein the first bearer is used to transmit the first data packet related to the voice service.

[0011] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided, performed by an access network device, the method comprising: receiving, by the access network device, first information from a fourth network device, the first information comprising at least one of: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol; and in a case where a fourth data packet is received, generating, by the access network device, a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet, and sending, by the access network device, the fifth data packet to a target device.

[0012] In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises a first sending module; the first sending module is configured to send a second data packet when a first condition is met before sending a first data packet related to a voice service; wherein the first condition comprises at least one of the following: completion of establishment of a first bearer for transmitting the first data packet; reception of an SDP answer message; completion of sending of the SDP answer message; and access of the terminal to the network via a satellite.

[0013] In a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises a second sending module; the second sending module is configured to send a first message to a second network device when a second condition is met; wherein the first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third data packet to a terminal, and the second condition comprises at least one of the following: determination of completion of establishment of a first bearer for transmitting a first data packet related to a voice service for the terminal; determination of access of the terminal to the network via a satellite; completion of sending of an SDP answer message to the terminal; and reception of an SDP answer message sent by the terminal.

[0014] In a seventh aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises a third sending module; the third sending module is configured to send a first information to a network device when a third condition is met; wherein the first information comprises at least one of the following: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol; and the third condition comprises at least one of the following: completion of establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determination of access of the calling terminal to the network via a satellite, completion of establishment of a first bearer for the called terminal, and determination of access of the called terminal to the network via a satellite; wherein the first bearer is used to transmit a first data packet related to a voice service.

[0015] In an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises a receiving module, a third processing module, and a fourth sending module; the receiving module is configured to receive a first information from a fourth network device, and the first information comprises at least one of the following: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol; the third processing module is configured to generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and a fourth data packet when the fourth data packet is received; and the fourth sending module is configured to send the fifth data packet to a target device.

[0016] In a ninth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which is configured to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or to perform the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or to perform the steps of the method according to the third aspect, or to perform the steps of the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0017] In a tenth aspect, a terminal is provided, which includes a processor and a memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, and the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0018] In an eleventh aspect, a terminal is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, and the communication interface is configured to, before sending a first data packet related to a voice service, send a second data packet if a first condition is met, and the first condition includes at least one of the following: completion of establishment of a first bearer, the first bearer being used for transmission of the first data packet; reception of an SDP answer message; completion of sending of the SDP answer message; and access of the terminal to a satellite access network.

[0019] In a twelfth aspect, a network-side device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, and the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or the steps of the method according to the third aspect, or the steps of the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0020] In a thirteenth aspect, a network-side device is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface.

[0021] The communication interface is configured to, if a second condition is met, send a first message to a second network device, and the first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third data packet to a terminal, and the second condition includes at least one of the following: determination of completion of establishment of a first bearer for the terminal, the first bearer being used for transmission of the first data packet related to the voice service; determination of access of the terminal to a satellite access network; completion of sending of an SDP answer message to the terminal; and reception of an SDP answer message sent by the terminal.

[0022] Alternatively, the communication interface is configured to, if a third condition is met, send first information to an access network device, and the first information includes at least one of the following: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol, and the third condition includes at least one of the following: completion of establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determination of access of the calling terminal to a satellite access network, completion of establishment of a first bearer for the called terminal, and determination of access of the called terminal to a satellite access network, and the first bearer is used for transmission of the first data packet related to the voice service.

[0023] Alternatively, the communication interface is configured to receive first information from the fourth network device, the first information comprising at least one of: an IP address of the calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of the called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol; the processor is configured to generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet upon receiving the fourth data packet; and the communication interface is further configured to send the fifth data packet to the target device.

[0024] In a fourteenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, and the readable storage medium stores a program or instructions, which are executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the third aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0025] In a fifteenth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, and the wireless communication system comprises a terminal, a first network device, a fourth network device, and an access network device, the terminal is configured to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, the first network device is configured to implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect, the fourth network device is configured to implement the steps of the method according to the third aspect, and the access network device is configured to implement the steps of the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0026] In a sixteenth aspect, a chip is provided, and the chip comprises a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement the method according to the first aspect, or implement the method according to the second aspect, or implement the method according to the third aspect, or implement the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0027] In a seventeenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, and the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the third aspect, or implement the steps of the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0028] In the embodiments of the present application, before sending the first data packet related to the call service, the terminal can send the second data packet when the first condition is met; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following: completing establishment of the first bearer, the first bearer being used for transmitting the first data packet; receiving the SDP response message; completing sending of the SDP response message; and the terminal accessing the network through the satellite. Through the scheme, since the terminal can send the second data packet when the first condition is met before sending the first data packet related to the call service, i.e., the second data packet can be sent before the call stage, so as to start the ROHC process in advance, thus making the ROHC process start in the initial call stage, so that even in the case of low transmission rate, the header of the sent RTP data packet can be compressed through the ROHC process in the initial call stage, so that normal call in the initial call stage can be ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a signaling flow diagram of a terminal initiating a call in the related art;

[0031] FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a communication method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 7 is a signaling flow diagram of a terminal initiating a call in a communication method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] FIG. 8 is a signaling flow diagram of a terminal initiating a call in a communication method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a network-side device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a network-side device according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second" are generally a category and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in the present application means at least one of the connected objects. For example, the protection scope of "A or B" at least covers three schemes, namely, scheme one: including A and not including B; scheme two: including B and not including A; scheme three: including A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B" also at least cover the above three schemes, respectively. The character " / " generally represents that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0047] The term "indication" in the present application can be a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). The direct indication can be understood as that the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, operations to be performed or requested results, etc. in the indication sent by the sender. The indirect indication can be understood as that the receiver determines the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or judges and determines the operations to be performed or the requested results according to the judgment result.

[0048] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used in the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems. th

[0049] ​FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application can be applied. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a terminal-side device such as a mobile phone, a Tablet Personal Computer, a Laptop Computer, a notebook computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a palm computer, a netbook, an Ultra-mobile Personal Computer (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an Augmented Reality (AR) device, a Virtual Reality (VR) device, a robot, a Wearable Device, a flight vehicle, a Vehicle User Equipment (VUE), a shipboard device, a Pedestrian User Equipment (PUE), a smart home (a home device with a wireless communication function such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, or furniture), a game console, a Personal Computer (PC), a kiosk, or a self-service machine. The Wearable Device includes a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a smart earphone, smart glasses, smart jewelry (a smart bracelet, a smart necklace, a smart ring, a smart necklace, a smart anklet, a smart necklace, etc.), a smart wristband, smart clothes, etc. The vehicle-mounted device can also be referred to as a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. In addition, the terminal 11 can also be a chip in the terminal, such as a Modem chip, a System on Chip (SoC), etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network-side device 12 can include an access network device or a core network device. The access network device can also be referred to as a Radio Access Network (RAN) device, a radio access network function, or a radio access network unit. The access network device can include a base station, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Access Point (AP), or a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.The base station can be referred to as a Node B (NB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a New Radio Node B (NR Node B), an access point, a relay station (RBS), a serving base station (SBS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home Node B (HNB), a home evolved Node B, a transmit / receive point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology in the art, and is not limited to a particular technical terminology, provided that the same technical effect is achieved. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0050] The core network device can also be referred to as a core network node, a core network function, or a core network network element, etc., which includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a user plane function (UPF), a policy control function (PCF), a policy and charging rules function (PCRF), an edge application server discovery function (EASDF), a unified data management (UDM), a unified data repository (UDR), a home subscriber server (HSS), a centralized network configuration (CNC), a network repository function (NRF), a network exposure function (NEF), a local NEF (L-NEF), a binding support function (BSF), an application function (AF), a location management function (LMF), a gateway mobile location center (GMLC), a network data analytics function (NWDAF), etc. It should be noted that only the core network device in the NR system is taken as an example for introduction in the embodiments of the present application, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited. If the name of the core network device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application changes in the subsequent protocol version (for example, 6G), it is also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0051] Optionally, the core network device can be implemented by one or more function modules in one device, or can be implemented by multiple devices together, and the embodiments of the present application do not make a specific limitation hereon. It can be understood that the above function modules can be network elements in a hardware device, can be software function modules running on a special hardware, or can be virtualized function modules instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).

[0052] The communication method, apparatus, terminal, network side device and medium provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and some embodiments and application scenarios thereof.

[0053] ROHC is a technology for compressing the header of a network data packet, mainly applied to the air interface of wireless transmission, to improve the resource utilization of the air interface. The header includes a static field and a dynamic field, and each has its own value. The functional entities of ROHC include a compressor and a decompressor.

[0054] The ROHC protocol defines three working modes: unidirectional mode, bidirectional optimistic mode and bidirectional reliable mode. Among them, the unidirectional mode refers to that when the wireless link does not exist or cannot use the feedback channel, the decompressor does not send feedback information to the compressor; the bidirectional optimistic mode refers to that when the wireless link exists and can use the feedback channel, the decompressor sends feedback information to the compressor when correctly decompressing or incorrectly decompressing; the bidirectional reliable mode refers to that when the quality of the wireless link is good, the decompressor always sends feedback information to the compressor whether correctly decompressing or incorrectly decompressing. The ROHC compressor and decompressor both start from the unidirectional mode, and then can be transferred to the bidirectional optimistic mode as appropriate, and then can be transferred to the bidirectional reliable mode as appropriate.

[0055] The ROHC protocol also defines three compression states, from low order to high order, which are initialization and refresh (IR) state, first order (FO) state and second order (SO) state. Among them, the IR state is the lowest order, and the header of the compressed data packet is the largest, which can even exceed the original uncompressed header; the SO state is the highest order, and the header of the compressed data packet is the smallest, and the compression rate is the largest.

[0056] Generally, the ROHC process is started after the terminal initiates a call and starts to transmit voice data packets.

[0057] Exemplarily, taking a 4G network as an example (which can also be used for a 5G network or a 6G network), as shown in FIG. 2, the process of the terminal initiating a call is as follows:

[0058] Step 0. Terminal-1 registers to the 4G network and establishes a packet data network (PDN) connection for transmitting voice service.

[0059] It should be noted that the corresponding concept of the PDN connection in the 5G network is a PDU session.

[0060] Step 1. Terminal-1 initiates a call request to terminal-2 through an invite message, and the invite message carries the following information:

[0061] The session description protocol (SDP) offer carries the information of the voice media to be established;

[0062] The IP address of terminal-1: IP-1, wherein the IP address of terminal-1 can be carried in the SDP offer;

[0063] The access information of terminal-1, which includes one of the following information: access-type=3GPP-LTE-SAT, which is carried through a P-Access-Network-Info (PANI) message header; the satellite identification (ID) or cell global identity (CGI) of terminal-1; the CGI is a global unique identifier of the cell in which the terminal resides (when the cell is a 5G cell, it is an NCGI, and when the cell is a 4G cell, it is an ECGI).

[0064] Step 2. P-CSCF sends an allocation request to AGW, for requesting AGW to allocate a transport address for terminal-1, which can be an IP address, or an IP address+port number.

[0065] Step 3. AGW sends the transport address allocated for terminal-1 to P-CSCF-1: IP-2, or IP-2+port number.

[0066] Wherein, IP-2 is the address corresponding to IP-1, and AGW saves the correspondence between IP-2 and IP-1.

[0067] Step 4. The P-CSCF modifies IP-1 in the Invite message to IP-2, and sends the modified Invite message to the S-CSCF.

[0068] Step 5. The S-CSCF sends the invite message to the terminal-2 through an IMS network element serving the terminal-2.

[0069] Step 6. The terminal-2 replies a response message, in which an SDP answer is carried, for negotiating information of voice media to be established.

[0070] It is to be noted that the IP address of the terminal-2, IP-3, is carried in the above-mentioned response message.

[0071] Step 7. The network element serving the terminal-2 establishes a voice dedicated bearer for the terminal-2.

[0072] It is to be noted that the voice dedicated bearer is an EPS bearer in the 4G network, and is a QoS flow in the 5G network. The method of establishing the voice dedicated bearer is the same as that of steps 12 to 23 described below.

[0073] Step 8. After establishing the voice dedicated bearer for the terminal-2, the network element serving the terminal-2 continues to send the response message containing the SDP answer.

[0074] Step 9. The above-mentioned response message is routed to the S-CSCF, and the S-CSCF sends the response message to the P-CSCF.

[0075] Step 10. The P-CSCF sends an allocation request to the AGW, for requesting the AGW to allocate a transport address for the terminal-1.

[0076] Step 11. The AGW sends the transport address allocated for the terminal-1, IP-4, or IP-4+port number, to the P-CSCF-1.

[0077] It is to be noted that IP-4 is an address corresponding to IP-3, and the AGW saves the correspondence between IP-4 and IP-3.

[0078] Step 12. The P-CSCF sends the negotiated media information to a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), which is obtained according to the SDP answer.

[0079] It is to be noted that the PCRF is a device in the 4G network, and its corresponding device in the 5G network is a Policy Control Function (PCF).

[0080] Step 13. The PCRF sends the determined QoS policy to the PGW.

[0081] It should be noted that the PGW is a device of the 4G network, and the corresponding device of the 5G network is the Session Management Function (SMF). The device can also be a combined device of the 4G and 5G, SMF+PGW-C.

[0082] Step 14. The PGW sends an Update Bearer request to the SGW for establishing a voice dedicated bearer.

[0083] Step 15. The SGW sends an Update Bearer request to the MME for establishing a voice dedicated bearer.

[0084] It should be noted that the MME is a device of the 4G network, and the corresponding device of the 5G network is the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF).

[0085] Step 16. The MME sends a Bearer Modify request to the base station, and the message contains the QoS parameter corresponding to the voice dedicated bearer and the EBI (EPS bearer ID) corresponding to the voice dedicated bearer.

[0086] In the above message, a NAS layer message can also be included to inform the terminal to newly establish a dedicated bearer.

[0087] It should be noted that for the 4G system, the above message is a Session Management Request message, and for the 5G system, the message is a PDU session modification command message.

[0088] Step 17. The base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the terminal, and the message contains SRB-ToAddMod information for establishing a DRB corresponding to the voice dedicated bearer.

[0089] Step 18. The terminal replies with an RRC connection reconfiguration response message.

[0090] Step 19. The base station sends a Bearer Modify response message to the MME.

[0091] Step 20. The MME sends an Update Bearer response message to the SGW.

[0092] Step 21. The SGW sends an update bearer response message to the PGW.

[0093] Step 22. The PGW sends a response message to the PCRF to inform the PCRF whether the policy sent by the PCRF has been executed.

[0094] Step 23. The PCRF sends a response message to the P-CSCF to inform whether the voice dedicated bearer is successfully established.

[0095] Step 24. If the voice dedicated bearer is successfully established, the P-CSCF sends a response message to the terminal-1, or sends a cancel message to the terminal-2 to end the call.

[0096] Step 25. The terminal-1 sends a PRACK message to the terminal-2 for the 183 message.

[0097] Step 26. The terminal-2 replies a 200 OK response message to the terminal-1 for the PRACK.

[0098] Step 27. The terminal-2 starts to ring and sends a 180 ringing message to the terminal-1.

[0099] Step 28. When the user of the terminal-2 answers the call, the terminal-2 sends a 200 OK.

[0100] Wherein, the 200 OK is routed to the terminal-1, the terminal-1 determines that the user of the terminal-2 answers the call according to the 200 OK, and the terminal-1 starts to send the voice data packet, i.e. RTP data packet, generated by the user of the terminal-1, and then starts the ROHC process to compress the header of the sent RTP data packet, so as to improve the resource utilization of the air interface.

[0101] However, in some scenarios with low transmission rate, for example, when the terminal accesses the network through a GEO satellite, the transmission rate is only 1 kbps. In the initial call stage, since the RTP data packet has not been sent, the ROHC process is usually not started, and it takes about 0.8 s to transmit a 20 ms RTP data packet, which causes the first 4-5 seconds of the call to be unable to normally communicate.

[0102] Therefore, in the case of low transmission rate, how to ensure that the initial call stage can normally communicate is a problem to be solved.

[0103] To solve the above problem, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, device, terminal, network side equipment and medium. The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the scenario of terminal initiating a session.

[0104] In the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application, before sending a first data packet related to a call service, the terminal can send a second data packet when a first condition is met; the first condition includes at least one of the following: completion of establishment of a first bearer used for transmitting the first data packet; receipt of an SDP response message; completion of sending of the SDP response message; and access of the terminal to a satellite access network. Through the scheme, since the terminal can send the second data packet when the first condition is met before sending the first data packet related to the call service, that is, the second data packet can be sent before the call stage to start the ROHC process in advance, so that the ROHC process is started in the initial call stage, thereby ensuring that the header of the sent RTP data packet can be compressed through the ROHC process in the initial call stage even in the case of a low transmission rate, so that normal call can be ensured in the initial call stage.

[0105] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, and FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application can include the following step 301.

[0106] Step 301: Before sending a first data packet related to a call service, the terminal sends a second data packet when a first condition is met.

[0107] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0108] Completion of establishment of a first bearer used for transmitting the first data packet;

[0109] Receipt of an SDP response message;

[0110] Completion of sending of the SDP response message;

[0111] Access of the terminal to a satellite access network.

[0112] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the call service can include but is not limited to at least one of the following: voice call service, video call service, extended reality (XR) call service, etc.

[0113] For example, taking the voice call service as an example, the first data packet can be: a data packet generated based on the voice of a user; or a data packet generated by taking the voice of the user as input; or a data packet used for transmitting data generated based on the voice of the user.

[0114] For another example, when the call service includes the video call service or the XR call service, the first data packet can include but is not limited to at least one of the following: voice data, image data, etc.

[0115] Optionally, before the first data packet related to the call service is sent, the terminal can be understood as or replaced by: before the terminal and the communication peer are in a call; or before the terminal and the communication peer enter a call stage.

[0116] Optionally, the first data packet can be the first data packet in the data packets related to the call service. For example, assuming that the data packets related to the call service include 10 data packets, the first data packet is the first data packet in the 10 data packets. At this time, before the first data packet is sent, i.e., before the 10 data packets are sent.

[0117] Optionally, the second data packet can include at least one of the following: a data packet containing a silence insertion descriptor (SID), and a data packet not containing a message body.

[0118] Optionally, the data packet not containing a message body can be understood as or replaced by a data packet of an empty frame.

[0119] Optionally, the data packet not containing a message body can be understood as or replaced by: a data packet containing only a message header and not containing a message body; or a data packet with an empty message body; or a null packet.

[0120] Optionally, the second data packet and the first data packet can have the same header. The header can include one or more of the following in combination: an IP layer protocol header, a UDP layer protocol header, and an RTP layer protocol header. The IP layer protocol header can be an IPv4 header or an IPv6 header.

[0121] In the embodiments of the present application, since the second data packet can include at least one of a data packet containing a silence insertion descriptor and a data packet not containing a message body, different types of data packets with the same header can be sent to start ROCH in advance before the first data packet is sent, thereby improving the flexibility of starting ROCH.

[0122] Optionally, at least one of the first data packet and the second data packet can be an RTP data packet.

[0123] Optionally, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0124] Exemplarily, before sending the first data packet, if the establishment of the first bearer is completed and the SDP response message is received, the terminal can send the second data packet.

[0125] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 2, the terminal can send the second data packet after the step 24, the step 26, the step 27 or the step 28.

[0126] In the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application, since the first data packet related to the communication service is sent before the first condition is met, the terminal can send the second data packet, that is, the second data packet can be sent before the communication stage, so that the ROHC process is started in advance, and thus the ROHC process is started in the initial communication stage, so that the header of the sent RTP data packet can be compressed by the ROHC process in the initial communication stage even in the case of low transmission rate, and thus the initial communication stage can be ensured to be in normal communication.

[0127] It should be noted that the initial communication stage refers to the stage before the terminal and the communication peer enter the communication stage. It can also be understood or replaced as: a communication preparation stage; or a communication negotiation stage; or a signaling negotiation stage.

[0128] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal can be a calling terminal. Exemplarily, after the step 301, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can further include the following step 302 or step 303.

[0129] The step 302, in the case that the ROHC feedback message is received before the 200 OK message is received, the terminal stops sending the second data packet.

[0130] The step 303, in the case that the ROHC feedback message is not received when the 200 OK message is received, the terminal transmits the first data packet after the ROHC feedback message is received.

[0131] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the ROHC feedback message can be received from the access network device.

[0132] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the 200 OK message can be used to indicate that the communication peer, that is, the called terminal, accepts the call request and can communicate.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, since the terminal can stop sending the second data packet after receiving the ROHC feedback message before receiving the 200 OK message, the device power consumption can be saved; since the terminal transmits the first data packet after receiving the ROHC feedback message when the ROHC feedback message is not received after receiving the 200 OK message, it can be ensured that the ROHC process is started when the first data packet is transmitted, so that the initial call stage can be ensured to be in normal call.

[0134] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal can be a called terminal. After step 301, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can further include step 304 or step 305.

[0135] Step 304, the terminal stops sending the second data packet when the listening indication is not received after receiving the ROHC feedback message.

[0136] Step 305, the terminal sends the 200 OK message after receiving the ROHC feedback message when the ROHC feedback message is not received after receiving the listening indication.

[0137] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the listening indication can be an input of a user to a listening control, for example, the user selects a listening button.

[0138] In the embodiment of the present application, since the terminal can stop sending the second data packet when the listening indication is not received after receiving the ROHC feedback message, the device power consumption can be saved; since the terminal can send the 200 OK message after receiving the ROHC feedback message when the ROHC feedback message is not received after receiving the listening indication, it can be ensured that the ROHC process is started before the call, so that the initial call stage can be ensured to be in normal call.

[0139] The embodiment of the present application also provides a communication method, and FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can include the following step 401.

[0140] Step 401, the first network device sends a first message to a second network device when a second condition is met.

[0141] The first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third data packet to a terminal, and the second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0142] It is determined that the establishment of a first bearer for the terminal is completed, and the first bearer is used to transmit a first data packet related to a call service;

[0143] determining that the terminal accesses a network through a satellite;

[0144] sending an SDP answer message to the terminal is completed;

[0145] receiving the SDP answer message sent by the terminal.

[0146] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the third data packet can include at least one of the following: a data packet containing a mute sound, and a data packet not containing a message body.

[0147] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the header of the third data packet and the first data packet can be the same. The header includes one or more combinations of the following: a header of an IP layer protocol, a header of a UDP layer protocol, and a header of an RTP layer protocol. The header of the IP layer protocol can be a header of IPv4 or a header of IPv6.

[0148] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, at least one of the first data packet and the third data packet is an RTP data packet, and the first data packet is related to a call service.

[0149] For other descriptions of the third data packet, refer to the related descriptions of the second data packet in the above embodiments, and details are not described herein again to avoid repetition.

[0150] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0151] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the terminal accesses the network through the satellite, which can be understood as that the terminal accesses an IMS network, a 6G network, a 5G network, or a 4G network through the satellite; or the terminal initiates or receives a call request through the satellite.

[0152] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first network device can include a P-CSCF, and the second network device can include an access gateway (AGW).

[0153] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first message can include at least one of the following:

[0154] first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the third data packet is sent to the terminal;

[0155] a transmission address corresponding to the terminal;

[0156] a transmission address allocated by the second network device for the terminal.

[0157] In the embodiment of the present application, since the first message can include at least one of the first indication information, the transmission address corresponding to the terminal, and the transmission address allocated to the terminal by the second network device, different first messages can be sent to the second network device to instruct the second network device to send the third data packet to the terminal, thereby improving the flexibility of instructing the second network device to send the third data packet to the terminal.

[0158] In the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application, since the first network device can send the first message to the second network device to instruct the second network device to send the third data packet to the terminal when the second condition is met, the second network device can be instructed to send the third data packet to the terminal before the call stage, so as to start the ROHC process in advance, so that the ROHC process is started in the initial call stage, thereby ensuring that the RTP data packet header can be compressed by the ROHC process in the initial call stage even when the transmission rate is low, so that the initial call stage can be ensured to be in normal communication.

[0159] Optionally, before the step 401, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can further include the following step 402.

[0160] In step 402, the first network device determines that the terminal accesses the network through the satellite according to the access information of the terminal.

[0161] The access information is obtained from a session initiation protocol (SIP) invitation message from the terminal or obtained from a third network device.

[0162] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the third network device can be a PCRF in a 4G network, or the third network device can be a PCF in a 5G network.

[0163] In the embodiment of the present application, the first network device can determine that the terminal accesses the network through the satellite according to the access information of the terminal from the terminal or the third network device, so that different information can be used to determine that the terminal accesses the network through the satellite, thereby improving the flexibility of determining that the terminal accesses the network through the satellite.

[0164] For other descriptions of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application, refer to the related descriptions in the terminal side method embodiment described above, and details are not described here to avoid repetition.

[0165] The embodiment of the present application also provides a communication method, and FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can include the following step 501.

[0166] Step 501. In a case where the third condition is met, the fourth network device sends first information to the access network device.

[0167] The first information includes at least one of an IP address of the calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of the called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol.

[0168] The third condition includes at least one of completing establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determining that the calling terminal accesses the network via a satellite, completing establishment of the first bearer for the called terminal, and determining that the called terminal accesses the network via the satellite. The first bearer is used to transmit first data packets related to a voice service.

[0169] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the fourth network device can be an MME or an SMF.

[0170] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the IP address of the calling terminal, the port number of the calling terminal, the IP address of the called terminal, the port number of the called terminal, and the transport layer protocol can also be referred to as five-tuple information.

[0171] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the transport layer protocol can be a transport layer protocol used by the first data packets related to the voice service.

[0172] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the transport layer protocol can be indicated by a protocol number.

[0173] For example, the transport layer protocol can be one of a UDP protocol, a TCP protocol, or a Quick UDP Internet Connection (QUIC) protocol. For voice data packets, the transport layer protocol can be the UDP protocol.

[0174] It should be noted that, since the default voice data packets all use the UDP protocol, the first information can not include the transport layer protocol.

[0175] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0176] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, step 501 can be implemented by the following step 501a.

[0177] Step 501a. In a case where the third condition is met, the fourth network device sends the first information to the access network device by using a first parameter.

[0178] The first parameter includes at least one of a traffic flow template (TFT) parameter, a quality of service (QoS) rule parameter, and a packet filter parameter.

[0179] Optionally, in the case where the fourth network device is an MME, the first parameter includes at least one of a TFT parameter and a packet filter parameter.

[0180] Optionally, in the case where the fourth network device is an SMF, the first parameter includes at least one of a QoS rule parameter and a packet filter parameter.

[0181] In the embodiments of the present application, the fourth network device can send the first information to the access network device through the first parameter, so that the signaling overhead can be saved.

[0182] Optionally, the step 501 can be implemented through the following step 501b.

[0183] In the case where the third condition is met and it is determined that the calling terminal or the called terminal accesses the network through the satellite, the fourth network device sends the first information to the access network device.

[0184] In the embodiments of the present application, in the case where the third condition is met and it is determined that the calling terminal or the called terminal accesses the network through the satellite, the fourth network device sends the first information to the access network device, so that the first information can be sent when it is determined that the current transmission rate is low, thereby avoiding unnecessary information transmission when the transmission rate is high.

[0185] In the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application, in the case where the third condition is met, the fourth network device can send the IP-related information to the access network device, so that in the initial call stage, the first data packet sent by the terminal to the access network device does not need to carry the IP-related information, thereby reducing the size of the first data packet, shortening the time for transmitting the first data packet, and thus reducing the delay in the initial call stage and ensuring normal call in the initial call stage.

[0186] Optionally, the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can further include the following step 502 or step 503.

[0187] In the case where the third condition is met, the fourth network device determines that the calling terminal accesses the network through the satellite according to the first access information.

[0188] The first access information is obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device.

[0189] In step 503, the fourth network device determines, according to the second access information, that the called terminal accesses the network through the satellite.

[0190] The second access information is obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device.

[0191] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the fifth network device can be an AMF.

[0192] In the embodiment of the present application, since the fourth network device can determine that the calling terminal or the called terminal accesses the network through the satellite according to the access information obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device, the access information can be obtained from different devices to determine that the terminal accesses the network through the satellite, thereby improving the flexibility of determining that the terminal accesses the network through the satellite.

[0193] Other descriptions of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be referred to the related descriptions in the terminal side method embodiment and the first network device side method embodiment described above, and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition.

[0194] The embodiment of the present application also provides a communication method, and FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can include the following steps 601 and 602.

[0195] In step 601, the access network device receives first information from the fourth network device.

[0196] The first information includes at least one of the following: IP address of the calling terminal, port number of the calling terminal, IP address of the called terminal, port number of the called terminal, and transport layer protocol.

[0197] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the step 601 can be implemented by the following step 601a.

[0198] In step 601a, the access network device receives a first parameter from the fourth network device, and obtains the first information from the first parameter.

[0199] The first parameter includes at least one of the following: transport stream template parameter, quality of service rule parameter, and packet filtering parameter.

[0200] In step 602, when the fourth data packet is received, the access network device generates a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet, and sends the fifth data packet to the target device.

[0201] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, in the case that the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by the terminal, the target device is the sixth network device; or in the case that the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by the sixth network device, the target device is the terminal.

[0202] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the sixth network device can be a PGW.

[0203] In the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application, since the access network device can receive IP related information from the fourth network device, and in the case that the fourth data packet is received, generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet, and send the fifth data packet to the target device, in the initial call stage, the first data packet sent by the terminal to the access network device can no longer carry the IP related information, so that the size of the first data packet can be reduced, the time for transmitting the first data packet can be shortened, and thus the delay in the initial call stage can be reduced, and normal call in the initial call stage can be ensured.

[0204] Optionally, the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can further include the following step 603 or step 604.

[0205] Step 603: The access network device sends a first context identifier to the terminal.

[0206] The first context identifier is used to identify the ROHC context related to the first information.

[0207] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the ROHC context related to the first information includes parameter information used in ROHC compression.

[0208] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the access network device can store the correspondence between the first context identifier and the first information.

[0209] Step 604: The access network device receives a second context identifier sent by the terminal.

[0210] The second context identifier is used to identify the ROHC context related to the first information.

[0211] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the access network device can store the correspondence between the second context identifier and the first information.

[0212] Optionally, the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can further include the following step 605.

[0213] Step 605: The access network device acquires the second information according to the second context identifier.

[0214] The second information includes at least one of the following:

[0215] The first information;

[0216] Information related to IPv4;

[0217] Information related to IPv6.

[0218] Optionally, in embodiments of the present application, the information related to IPv4 can include at least one of the following:

[0219] Version information;

[0220] Header length information;

[0221] Service type information;

[0222] Protocol information;

[0223] IP identification, flag and fragment offset information.

[0224] For example, the information related to IPv4 can include the following:

[0225] version (4): IPv4

[0226] Header length (4): default 20 bytes

[0227] TOS (8): default value of RTP

[0228] protocol (8): UDP

[0229] IP identification+flag+fragment offset (32): default no fragmentation.

[0230] Optionally, in embodiments of the present application, the information related to IPv6 can include at least one of the following:

[0231] Version information;

[0232] Traffic class information;

[0233] Next header information.

[0234] For example, the information related to IPv6 can include the following:

[0235] version (4): IPv6

[0236] TC (8): default value of RTP

[0237] Next Header (8): UDP

[0238] In the embodiments of the present application, the access network device can obtain at least one of the first information, the related information of IPv4, and the related information of IPv6 according to the second context identifier, so that the terminal does not need to send IP related information again, thereby reducing the terminal data transmission amount, shortening the terminal sending delay, and ensuring normal communication.

[0239] Other descriptions of the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be referred to the related descriptions in the terminal side method embodiments, the first network device side method embodiments, and the fourth network device side method embodiments. To avoid repetition, the details are not described here.

[0240] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is exemplarily described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0241] Exemplarily, in the terminal initiated call flow of the related art, the following two options are supplemented as shown in FIG. 7 in combination with FIG. 2.

[0242] Option 1: P-CSCF triggers AGW to send a second data packet to terminal-1;

[0243] A. P-CSCF sends a message to AGW, which is used to instruct AGW to send a second data packet to terminal-1.

[0244] The message contains at least one of the following: an instruction indicating that a second data packet is sent to the terminal; a transmission address corresponding to terminal-1; and a transmission address allocated by AGW for terminal-1.

[0245] P-CSCF initiates the request when at least one of the following conditions is met: when it is determined that terminal-1 establishes a voice bearer (step 23 is received); or when it is determined that terminal-1 accesses the network through a satellite or that terminal-1 accesses the network through a GEO satellite.

[0246] The P-CSCF determines that the terminal accesses the network through a satellite or through a GEO satellite according to the access information carried by the terminal in step 1, or the P-CSCF determines according to the access information of terminal-1 obtained from PCRF (4G network element) or PCF (5G network element).

[0247] It should be noted that terminal-1 accesses the network through a satellite can be understood as terminal-1 accesses the IMS network or the 6G network or the 5G network or the 4G network through a satellite; or the terminal initiates or receives a call request through a satellite. The second data packet includes a silence packet or an empty packet. The destination address of the specific data is IP-1, and the source address is IP-4.

[0248] B. AGW sends a response message.

[0249] C. The AGW generates the second data packet according to the message of step 1, and sends it to the terminal-1.

[0250] It should be noted that step A can be combined with step 10, i.e. the indication is included in step 10, and the AGW sends the second data packet according to the indication (in this case, the AGW does not need to send the second data packet again after confirming that the voice bearer is established).

[0251] Option 2: The terminal-1 actively sends the second data packet after determining that the voice bearer is established, and after receiving the SDP answer.

[0252] The terminal-1 can send the second data packet after step 24, after step 26, after step 27, or after step 28.

[0253] Optionally:

[0254] If the terminal-1 is the caller: after receiving the 200 OK, if the terminal receives the ROHC feedback (the base station confirms that the ROHC function is started) from the base station, the terminal can stop sending the second data packet; if the terminal does not receive the ROHC feedback before receiving the 200 OK, the terminal waits to receive the ROHC feedback before starting to transmit the formal voice packet.

[0255] If the terminal-1 is the callee: (equivalent to the terminal-2 in FIG. 7) if the terminal does not receive the user's indication of answering after receiving the ROHC feedback, the terminal stops sending the second data packet; if the terminal does not receive the ROHC feedback after receiving the user's indication of answering, the terminal sends the 200 OK message after receiving the start indication message of the ROHC.

[0256] It should be noted that the above-mentioned option 1 and option 2 can be supported only one or both.

[0257] Through the above scheme, the AGW sends the second data packet to the terminal-1 in advance, or the terminal-1 sends the second data packet in advance, so that the base station can start the ROHC process in advance before the formal call, so that the ROHC is started when the formal call is made, thereby avoiding the problem that the transmission time of the first few voice packets is long due to the absence of ROHC, and the normal call cannot be made.

[0258] Exemplarily, in combination with FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 8, the difference between the terminal-initiated call flow of the related art and the present application is as follows:

[0259] Step 16. The MME sends the five-tuple information to the base station.

[0260] The above-mentioned five-tuple includes: the caller IP address, the caller port number, the callee IP address, the callee port number, and the protocol number.

[0261] Wherein, the protocol number is used to indicate whether SDP protocol or TCP protocol is used. For the case of voice data packet, it is SDP protocol. The protocol number can also not be sent, because the default voice data packet is all using SDP protocol. At this time, the MME sends the base station is a four-tuple.

[0262] The above five-tuple information can be carried by TFT parameter or Packet filter parameter.

[0263] The MME sends the five-tuple information to the base station when at least one of the following conditions is met: establishing a voice bearer for terminal-1; determining that terminal-1 accesses the network through a satellite or determining that terminal-1 accesses the network through a GEO satellite.

[0264] Wherein, the MME determines that the terminal accesses the network through a satellite or accesses the network through a GEO satellite according to the access information sent by the base station.

[0265] It should be noted that terminal-1 accessing the network through a satellite can be understood as terminal-1 accessing the network through a satellite 6G network or a 5G network or a 4G network. Step 16 is introduced taking 4G as an example. For 5G, the SMF includes five-tuple information in N2 SM information and sends it to the base station through the AMF. The five-tuple information is carried by the QoS rule parameter or the Packet filter parameter.

[0266] The SMF sends the five-tuple information to the base station when at least one of the following conditions is met: establishing a voice bearer for terminal-1; determining that terminal-1 accesses the network through a satellite or determining that terminal-1 accesses the network through a GEO satellite.

[0267] Wherein, the SMF determines that the terminal accesses the network through a satellite or accesses the network through a GEO satellite according to the access information sent by the AMF.

[0268] Step 17. Optionally, the base station carries the first CID information in step 17.

[0269] Wherein, the first CID is used for ROHC compression when the base station sends downlink data packets. The base station saves the correspondence between the first CID information and the five-tuple information of terminal-1.

[0270] Step 18. Optionally, terminal-1 carries the second CID information in step 18.

[0271] Wherein, the second CID is used for ROHC compression when the terminal sends uplink data packets. The base station saves the correspondence between the second CID information and the five-tuple information of terminal-1.

[0272] Step 29. The terminal sends an uplink data packet carrying second CID information; the base station obtains five-tuple information according to the second CID information, and optionally, at least one of the following:

[0273] IPv4:

[0274] version (4): IPv4

[0275] Header length (4): default 20 bytes

[0276] TOS (8): default value of RTP

[0277] protocol (8): UDP

[0278] IP identification + flag + fragment offset (32): default no fragmentation

[0279] IPv6:

[0280] version (4): IPv6

[0281] TC (8): default value of RTP

[0282] Next Header (8): UDP.

[0283] The base station sends a downlink data packet carrying first CID information; the terminal obtains five-tuple information according to the first CID information, and optionally, at least one of the following:

[0284] IPv4:

[0285] version (4): IPv4

[0286] Header length (4): default 20 bytes

[0287] TOS (8): default value of RTP

[0288] protocol (8): UDP

[0289] IP identification + flag + fragment offset (32): default no fragmentation

[0290] IPv6:

[0291] version (4): IPv6

[0292] TC (8): default value of RTP

[0293] Next Header (8): UDP.

[0294] Optionally, the terminal enters a FO level 1 compression state of ROHC.

[0295] In this way, the terminal can not send IP header, port number and other information, thereby reducing data transmission amount, shortening terminal sending delay and ensuring normal conversation.

[0296] The various method embodiments or various possible implementation manners in each method embodiment can be executed individually or, in the absence of contradiction, can also be executed in combination. The specific execution can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiments of the application do not limit this.

[0297] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the application can be executed by a communication device. The embodiments of the application take the communication device as an example to illustrate the communication device provided in the embodiments of the application.

[0298] The communication device provided in the embodiments of the application can be a communication device or a component in the communication device, for example, a chip. The communication device can be a terminal, a network side device or a server, etc. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of the terminal 11 listed above, the network side device can include but is not limited to the types of the network side device 12 listed above, and the embodiments of the application do not make specific limitations.

[0299] The communication device includes a receiving module, a sending module and a processing module. The receiving module, the sending module and the processing module can be implemented by software or by hardware. When implemented by hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, etc., for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an artificial intelligent (AI) processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a network processor (NP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, a gate circuit, a transistor, a discrete hardware component, etc. The receiving module and the sending module can be implemented by a communication interface. The communication interface can include one or more of a transceiver, a pin, a circuit, a bus, a radio frequency unit, etc.

[0300] Specifically, referring to FIG. 9, when the communication apparatus is a terminal or a component in the terminal, the communication apparatus 90 includes a first sending module 91.

[0301] The first sending module 91 can be configured to send a second data packet when a first condition is met before sending a first data packet related to a call service, and the first condition includes at least one of the following: completion of establishment of a first bearer used for transmitting the first data packet, receipt of an SDP response message, completion of sending of the SDP response message, and access of the terminal to a satellite access network.

[0302] In a possible implementation, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0303] In a possible implementation, the second data packet can include at least one of the following: a data packet containing silence tone, and a data packet not containing a message body.

[0304] In a possible implementation, the first sending module 91 can be further configured to stop sending the second data packet when a ROHC feedback message is received before a 200 OK message is received after the second data packet is sent, or configured to transmit the first data packet after the ROHC feedback message is received when the ROHC feedback message is not received when the 200 OK message is received after the second data packet is sent.

[0305] In a possible implementation, the first sending module 91 can be further configured to stop sending the second data packet when a listening indication is not received after a ROHC feedback message is received after the second data packet is sent, or configured to send a 200 OK message after the ROHC feedback message is received when the ROHC feedback message is not received after the listening indication is received after the second data packet is sent.

[0306] In a possible implementation, at least one of the first data packet and the second data packet can be an RTP data packet.

[0307] In the communication apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus can send a second data packet when a first condition is met before sending a first data packet related to a call service, that is, the second data packet can be sent before a call stage, so as to start a ROHC process in advance, and thus the ROHC process is started in an initial call stage, and even when a transmission rate is low, the header of an RTP data packet sent in the initial call stage can be compressed through the ROHC process, and thus normal call in the initial call stage can be ensured.

[0308] The communication apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application can implement each process of the terminal-side method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0309] Referring to FIG. 10, when the communication apparatus is a network-side device or a component in the network-side device, the communication apparatus 100 includes a second sending module 101.

[0310] The second sending module 101 can be configured to send a first message to a second network device when a second condition is met, and the first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third data packet to a terminal. The second condition includes at least one of the following: determining that the terminal completes establishment of a first bearer, the first bearer being used to transmit a first data packet related to a call service; determining that the terminal accesses a network through a satellite; completing sending of an SDP response message to the terminal; and receiving an SDP response message sent by the terminal.

[0311] In a possible implementation, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0312] In a possible implementation, the third data packet can include at least one of the following: a data packet containing silence tone, and a data packet not containing a message body.

[0313] In a possible implementation, the first message can include at least one of the following: first indication information used to instruct the terminal to send the third data packet; a transmission address corresponding to the terminal; and a transmission address allocated by the second network device for the terminal.

[0314] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus 100 can further include a first processing module. The first processing module can be configured to determine, before the second sending module 101 sends the first message to the second network device, that the terminal accesses the network through the satellite according to access information of the terminal, wherein the access information is obtained from a SIP invite message from the terminal or is acquired from a third network device.

[0315] In a possible implementation, at least one of the first data packet and the third data packet can be an RTP data packet, and the first data packet is related to the call service.

[0316] In a possible implementation, the first network device can include a P-CSCF, and the second network device can include an AGW.

[0317] In the communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application, since the communication apparatus can send the first message to the second network device to instruct the second network device to send the third data packet to the terminal under the condition that the second condition is met, the second network device can be caused to send the third data packet to the terminal before the call phase, so as to start the ROHC process in advance, so that the ROHC process is started in the initial call phase, thereby the header of the sent RTP data packet can be compressed by the ROHC process in the initial call phase even in the case of low transmission rate, so that the initial call phase can be ensured to be normally called.

[0318] The communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement the processes of the first network device method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0319] Referring to FIG. 11, when the communication apparatus is a network side device or a component in the network side device, the communication apparatus 110 includes a third sending module 111.

[0320] The third sending module 111 can be configured to send first information to an access network device under a third condition, and the first information includes at least one of an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol. The third condition includes at least one of completing establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determining that the calling terminal accesses a network through a satellite, completing establishment of the first bearer for the called terminal, and determining that the called terminal accesses the network through the satellite. The first bearer is used to transmit first data packets related to a call service.

[0321] In a possible implementation, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0322] In a possible implementation, the third sending module 111 can be specifically configured to send the first information to the access network device by using a first parameter. The first parameter includes at least one of a transport stream template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filtering parameter.

[0323] In a possible implementation, the third sending module 111 can be specifically configured to send the first information to the access network device when it is determined that the calling terminal or the called terminal accesses the network through the satellite.

[0324] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus 110 can further include a second processing module. For example, the second processing module can be configured to determine that the calling terminal accesses the satellite access network according to the first access information, where the first access information is obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device; or the second processing module can be configured to determine that the called terminal accesses the satellite access network according to the second access information, where the second access information is obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device.

[0325] In the communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application, since the communication apparatus can send IP related information to the access network device when the third condition is met, the first data packet sent by the terminal to the access network device does not need to carry the IP related information in the initial call stage, so that the size of the first data packet can be reduced, the time for transmitting the first data packet can be shortened, and thus the time delay in the initial call stage can be reduced, and normal call in the initial call stage can be ensured.

[0326] The communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement the processes of the fourth network device method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0327] Referring to FIG. 12, when the communication apparatus is a network side device or a component in the network side device, the communication apparatus 120 includes a receiving module 121, a third processing module 122, and a fourth sending module 123.

[0328] The receiving module 121 can be configured to receive first information from the fourth network device, where the first information includes at least one of the following: an IP address of the calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of the called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol. The third processing module 122 can be configured to generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet when the fourth data packet is received. The fourth sending module 123 can be configured to send the fifth data packet to a target device.

[0329] In a possible implementation, when the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by the terminal, the target device is a sixth network device; or when the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by the sixth network device, the target device is the terminal.

[0330] In a possible implementation, the receiving module 121 can be specifically configured to receive a first parameter from the fourth network device, and obtain the first information from the first parameter; where the first parameter includes at least one of the following: a transport stream template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filtering parameter.

[0331] In a possible implementation, the fourth sending module 123 is further configured to send, to the terminal, a first context identifier, where the first context identifier is used to identify the ROHC context related to the first information. Alternatively, the receiving module 121 is further configured to receive, from the terminal, a second context identifier, where the second context identifier is used to identify the ROHC context related to the first information.

[0332] In a possible implementation, the third processing module 122 is further configured to obtain second information according to the second context identifier, where the second information includes at least one of the following: the first information; IPv4 related information; and IPv6 related information.

[0333] In a possible implementation, the IPv4 related information includes at least one of the following: version information; header length information; service type information; protocol information; IP identification, flag, and fragment offset information.

[0334] In a possible implementation, the IPv6 related information includes at least one of the following: version information; traffic class information; and next header information.

[0335] In the communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application, since the communication apparatus can receive IP related information from the fourth network device, and generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet, and send the fifth data packet to the target device in the case that the fourth data packet is received, the first data packet sent by the terminal to the access network device in the initial call stage does not need to carry the IP related information, so that the size of the first data packet can be reduced, and the time for transmitting the first data packet can be shortened, thereby reducing the time delay in the initial call stage, and ensuring normal call in the initial call stage.

[0336] The communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application can implement each process of the access network device method embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0337] As shown in FIG. 13, the embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device 130, which includes a processor 131 and a memory 132, where the memory 132 stores programs or instructions executable on the processor 131. For example, when the communication device 130 is a terminal, the programs or instructions are executed by the processor 131 to implement each step of the terminal side method embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects. When the communication device 130 is a network side device, the programs or instructions are executed by the processor 131 to implement each step of the first network device side method embodiments, the fourth network device side method embodiments, or the access network device side method embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0338] The embodiment of the application further provides a terminal comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled with the processor, and the processor is configured to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the terminal-side method embodiments. The terminal embodiment corresponds to the terminal-side method embodiments, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the method embodiments can be applied to the terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effects. The terminal can be the communication device shown in FIG. 9. Specifically, FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal for implementing the embodiment of the application.

[0339] The terminal 1000 includes, but is not limited to, at least part of the components such as a radio frequency unit 1001, a network module 1002, an audio output unit 1003, an input unit 1004, a sensor 1005, a display unit 1006, a user input unit 1007, an interface unit 1008, a memory 1009, and a processor 1010.

[0340] Those skilled in the art can understand that the terminal 1000 can further include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and the power supply can be logically connected with the processor 1010 through a power management system, so as to realize the functions of power management, discharge management, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in FIG. 14 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and the terminal can include more or fewer components than those shown, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement, which will not be described here.

[0341] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the application, the input unit 1004 can include a graphics processor 10041 and a microphone 10042, and the graphics processor 10041 processes image data of a still picture or a video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 1006 can include a display panel 10061, which can be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 1007 includes at least one of a touch panel 10071 and other input devices 10072. The touch panel 10071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 10071 can include two parts of a touch detection device and a touch controller. The other input devices 10072 can include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, on-off keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, etc., which will not be described here.

[0342] In the embodiments of the present application, the radio frequency unit 1001 can transmit the downlink data received from the network side device to the processor 1010 for processing. In addition, the radio frequency unit 1001 can send uplink data to the network side device. Generally, the radio frequency unit 1001 includes but is not limited to an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0343] The memory 1009 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1009 can mainly include a first storage area storing programs or instructions and a second storage area storing data, wherein the first storage area can store an operating system, at least one application program or instruction required by a function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 1009 can include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synch link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 1009 in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0344] The processor 1010 can include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 1010 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface and an application program, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor can also not be integrated into the processor 1010.

[0345] The radio frequency unit 1001 can be configured to, before transmitting the first data packet related to the call service, transmit a second data packet when a first condition is met, wherein the first condition comprises at least one of the following: completion of establishment of a first bearer used for transmitting the first data packet; receipt of an SDP response message; completion of transmission of the SDP response message; and access of the terminal to the satellite access network.

[0346] In a possible implementation, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0347] In a possible implementation, the second data packet can include at least one of the following: a data packet containing a silence tone; and a data packet not containing a message body.

[0348] In a possible implementation, the radio frequency unit 1001 can be further configured to, after transmitting the second data packet, stop transmitting the second data packet when a ROHC feedback message is received before a 200 OK message is received; or the radio frequency unit 1001 can be further configured to, after transmitting the second data packet, transmit the first data packet after receiving the ROHC feedback message when the ROHC feedback message is not received when the 200 OK message is received.

[0349] In a possible implementation, the radio frequency unit 1001 can be further configured to, after transmitting the second data packet, stop transmitting the second data packet when a listening indication is not received after a ROHC feedback message is received; or the radio frequency unit 1001 can be further configured to, after transmitting the second data packet, transmit a 200 OK message after receiving the ROHC feedback message when the ROHC feedback message is not received after the listening indication is received.

[0350] In a possible implementation, at least one of the first data packet and the second data packet can be an RTP data packet.

[0351] In the terminal provided in the embodiments of the present application, before transmitting the first data packet related to the call service, the terminal can transmit the second data packet when the first condition is met, that is, the second data packet can be transmitted before the call stage, so as to start the ROHC process in advance, and thus the ROHC process is started in the initial call stage, so that the header of the transmitted RTP data packet can be compressed in the initial call stage through the ROHC process even in the case of a low transmission rate, and thus normal call in the initial call stage can be ensured.

[0352] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation manner mentioned in the embodiments can refer to the related description of the terminal side method embodiments, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0353] The embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device, comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled with the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to realize the steps of the above-mentioned first network device side method embodiment, the above-mentioned fourth network device side method embodiment or the above-mentioned access network device side method embodiment. The network side device embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned method embodiments, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be applied to the network side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0354] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device. As shown in FIG. 15, the network side device 1100 comprises a processor 1101, a network interface 1102 and a memory 1103. The network side device can be the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11. The network interface 1102 is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0355] Specifically, the network side device 1100 of the embodiment of the present application further comprises instructions or programs stored in the memory 1103 and executable on the processor 1101, and the processor 1101 invokes the instructions or programs in the memory 1103 to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first network device or fourth network device and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0356] For example, in the case that the network side device 1100 executes the method executed by the above-mentioned first network device, the network interface 1102 can be used to send a first message to a second network device in the case that a second condition is met; wherein the first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third data packet to a terminal, and the second condition comprises at least one of the following: determining that the establishment of a first bearer for the terminal is completed, the first bearer is used to transmit a first data packet related to a call service; determining that the terminal accesses a network through a satellite; completing the sending of an SDP response message to the terminal; receiving an SDP response message sent by the terminal.

[0357] In a possible implementation manner, the satellite can comprise a GEO satellite.

[0358] In a possible implementation manner, the third data packet can comprise at least one of the following: a data packet containing a mute sound, and a data packet not containing a message body.

[0359] In a possible implementation manner, the first message can comprise at least one of the following: first indication information used to instruct the sending of the third data packet to the terminal; a transmission address corresponding to the terminal; and a transmission address allocated by the second network device for the terminal.

[0360] In a possible implementation, the processor 1101 can be configured to determine, before the network interface 1102 sends the first message to the second network device, that the terminal accesses the network via the satellite according to access information of the terminal, wherein the access information is obtained from a SIP INVITE message from the terminal or is obtained from the third network device.

[0361] In a possible implementation, at least one of the first data packet and the third data packet can be an RTP data packet, and the first data packet is related to the call service.

[0362] In a possible implementation, the first network device can include a P-CSCF, and the second network device can include an AGW.

[0363] In the network-side device provided in the embodiments of the present application, since the network-side device can send the first message to the second network device to instruct the second network device to send the third data packet to the terminal in the case of meeting the second condition, the second network device can be caused to send the third data packet to the terminal before the call phase, so as to start the ROHC process in advance, so that the ROHC process is started in the initial call phase, and thus even in the case of a low transmission rate, the header of the sent RTP data packet can be compressed through the ROHC process in the initial call phase, so that normal call in the initial call phase can be ensured.

[0364] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the implementation manners mentioned in the embodiments can refer to the related descriptions of the first network device method embodiments, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0365] For example, the network-side device 1100 executes the method executed by the fourth network device, the network interface 1102 can be configured to send first information to the access network device in the case of meeting a third condition, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol; the third condition includes at least one of the following: completing establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determining that the calling terminal accesses the network via the satellite, completing establishment of the first bearer for the called terminal, and determining that the called terminal accesses the network via the satellite; and the first bearer is used to transmit a first data packet related to the call service.

[0366] In a possible implementation, the satellite can include a GEO satellite.

[0367] In a possible implementation, the network interface 1102 can be specifically configured to send the first information to the access network device by using a first parameter; and the first parameter comprises at least one of a transmission flow template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filtering parameter.

[0368] In a possible implementation, the network interface 1102 can be specifically configured to send the first information to the access network device when it is determined that the calling terminal or the called terminal accesses the network via the satellite.

[0369] In a possible implementation, the processor 1101 can be configured to determine that the calling terminal accesses the network via the satellite according to first access information obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device, or determine that the called terminal accesses the network via the satellite according to second access information obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device.

[0370] In the network-side device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the network-side device can send IP-related information to the access network device when the third condition is met, so that the first data packet sent by the terminal to the access network device does not need to carry the IP-related information in the initial call stage, thereby reducing the size of the first data packet, shortening the time for transmitting the first data packet, and thus reducing the delay in the initial call stage and ensuring normal call in the initial call stage.

[0371] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation manner mentioned in the embodiments can refer to the related description of the fourth network device method embodiments and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0372] Specifically, the embodiments of the present application further provide a network-side device, which can be the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 12. As shown in FIG. 16, the network-side device 1200 includes an antenna 121, a radio frequency device 122, a baseband device 123, a processor 124, and a memory 125. The antenna 121 is connected to the radio frequency device 122. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 122 receives information through the antenna 121 and sends the received information to the baseband device 123 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 123 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 122, which processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 121.

[0373] The method performed by the access network device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 123, which includes a baseband processor.

[0374] The baseband device 123 can include at least one baseband board on which a plurality of chips are disposed, as shown in FIG. 16. One of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor connected with the memory 125 through a bus interface to invoke a program in the memory 125 to perform the network device operations shown in the above method embodiments.

[0375] The network side device can further include a network interface 126, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0376] Specifically, the network side device 1200 of the embodiments of the present application further includes instructions or programs stored in the memory 125 and executable on the processor 124, and the processor 124 invokes the instructions or programs in the memory 125 to perform the above-mentioned method executed by the access network device and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described here.

[0377] The radio frequency device 122 can be configured to receive first information from the fourth network device, the first information including at least one of the following: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol. The processor 124 can be configured to generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet in a case where the fourth data packet is received. The radio frequency device 122 can be further configured to send the fifth data packet to a target device.

[0378] In a possible implementation, in a case where the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by a terminal, the target device is a sixth network device; or in a case where the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by the sixth network device, the target device is the terminal.

[0379] In a possible implementation, the radio frequency device 122 can be specifically configured to receive first parameters from the fourth network device and obtain the first information from the first parameters; the first parameters include at least one of the following: a transport stream template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filtering parameter.

[0380] In a possible implementation, the radio frequency device 122 can be further configured to send a first context identifier to the terminal, the first context identifier being used to identify an ROHC context related to the first information. Alternatively, the radio frequency device 122 can be further configured to receive a second context identifier sent by the terminal, the second context identifier being used to identify the ROHC context related to the first information.

[0381] In a possible implementation, the processor 124 is further configured to acquire second information according to the second context identifier; the second information includes at least one of the first information, IPv4-related information, and IPv6-related information.

[0382] In a possible implementation, the IPv4-related information includes at least one of version information, header length information, service type information, protocol information, IP identifier, tag, and slice offset information.

[0383] In a possible implementation, the IPv6-related information includes at least one of version information, traffic class information, and next header information.

[0384] In the network-side device provided in the embodiments of the present application, since the network-side device can receive IP-related information from the fourth network device, and generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet and send the fifth data packet to the target device in the case of receiving the fourth data packet, the first data packet sent by the terminal to the access network device in the initial call stage does not need to carry the IP-related information, thereby reducing the size of the first data packet, shortening the time for transmitting the first data packet, and thus reducing the time delay in the initial call stage and ensuring normal call in the initial call stage.

[0385] It can be understood that the implementation processes of the implementation manners mentioned in the embodiments can refer to the related descriptions of the access network device method embodiments, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0386] The embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium, which stores a program or instructions, and the program or instructions are executed by a processor to implement various processes of the communication method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0387] The processor is the processor in the terminal in the embodiments of the present application. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer readable only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In some examples, the readable storage medium can be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0388] The embodiments of the present application further provide a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled with the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or instructions to implement various processes of the communication method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.

[0389] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be referred to as a system chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system on chip, etc.

[0390] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program / program product stored in a storage medium, which is executed by at least one processor to implement the processes of the above communication method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.

[0391] The embodiments of the present application further provide a communication system, comprising a terminal, a first network device, a fourth network device and an access network device.

[0392] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprising", "containing", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that processes, methods, articles or devices that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or include elements inherent to such processes, methods, articles or devices. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the order of performing the functions shown or discussed, but can also include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order, for example, the described method can be performed in an order different from the described order, and various steps can also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples can be combined in other examples.

[0393] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be realized by means of computer software products and general hardware platforms, of course, they can also be realized by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.), which includes a plurality of instructions for making the terminal or network side device execute the method described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0394] The embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, which are only illustrative and not limiting. Those skilled in the art can make many forms of embodiments under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application and the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, the method comprising: sending, by a terminal, a second packet in a case where a first condition is met before sending a first packet related to a voice service; wherein the first condition comprises at least one of: completing establishment of a first bearer for transmitting the first packet; receiving a session description protocol (SDP) answer message; completing sending of the SDP answer message; the terminal accessing a satellite access network.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the satellite comprises a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, the second packet comprises at least one of: a packet containing silence, a packet containing no message body.

4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, the terminal is a calling terminal; after the terminal sends the second packet, the method further comprises: stopping sending the second packet by the terminal in a case where a robust header compression (ROHC) feedback message is received before a 200 OK message is received; or, sending, by the terminal, the first packet after receiving the ROHC feedback message in a case where the ROHC feedback message is not received when the 200 OK message is received.

5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, the terminal is a called terminal; after the terminal sends the second packet, the method further comprises: stopping sending the second packet by the terminal in a case where a listening indication is not received after receiving the ROHC feedback message; or, sending, by the terminal, a 200 OK message after receiving the ROHC feedback message in a case where the ROHC feedback message is not received after receiving the listening indication.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, at least one of the first packet and the second packet is a real-time transport protocol (RTP) packet. 7.A communication method, the method comprising: sending, by a first network device, a first message to a second network device in a case where a second condition is met; wherein the first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third packet to a terminal, and the second condition comprises at least one of: determining that a first bearer for transmitting a first packet related to a voice service is completed for the terminal; determining that the terminal accesses a satellite access network; completing sending of a SDP answer message to the terminal; receiving a SDP answer message sent by the terminal.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, the satellite comprises a GEO satellite.

9. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein, the third packet comprises at least one of: a packet containing silence, a packet containing no message body.

10. The method of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein, the first message comprises at least one of: first indication information, the first indication information being used to instruct the second network device to send the third packet to the terminal; a transport address corresponding to the terminal; a transport address allocated by the second network device to the terminal.

11. The method of any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein, before the first network device sends the first message to the second network device, the method further comprises: determining, by the first network device, that the terminal accesses a satellite access network according to access information of the terminal; wherein the access information is obtained from a session initiation protocol (SIP) invite message from the terminal or is acquired from a third network device.

12. The method of any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein, at least one of the first packet and the third packet is an RTP packet, and the first packet is related to a voice service.

13. The method of any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein, The first network device comprises a proxy call session control function (P-CSCF), and the second network device comprises an access gateway (AGW).

14. A communication method, the method comprising: a fourth network device sending first information to an access network device in a case where a third condition is met; the first information comprising at least one of: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, a transport layer protocol; the third condition comprising at least one of: completing establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determining that the calling terminal accesses a network via a satellite, completing establishment of the first bearer for the called terminal, and determining that the called terminal accesses the network via the satellite; the first bearer being used to transmit first data packets related to a call service.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, the satellite comprises a GEO satellite.

16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein, the fourth network device sending the first information to the access network device comprises: the fourth network device sending the first information to the access network device via a first parameter; the first parameter comprising at least one of: a transport stream template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filter parameter.

17. The method of any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein, the fourth network device sending the first information to the access network device comprises: the fourth network device sending the first information to the access network device in a case where it is determined that the calling terminal or the called terminal accesses the network via the satellite.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, the method further comprises: the fourth network device determining that the calling terminal accesses the network via the satellite according to first access information, the first access information being obtained from the access network device or a fifth network device; or, the fourth network device determining that the called terminal accesses the network via the satellite according to second access information, the second access information being obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device.

19. A communication method, the method comprising: an access network device receiving first information from a fourth network device, the first information comprising at least one of: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol; in a case where a fourth data packet is received, the access network device generating a fifth data packet based on the first information and the fourth data packet, and sending the fifth data packet to a target device.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein, in a case where the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by a terminal, the target device is a sixth network device; or in a case where the fourth data packet is a data packet sent by the sixth network device, the target device is the terminal.

21. The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein, the access network device receiving the first information from the fourth network device comprises: the access network device receiving a first parameter from the fourth network device, and obtaining the first information from the first parameter; the first parameter comprising at least one of: a transport stream template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filter parameter.

22. The method of any one of claims 19-21, wherein, the method further comprises: the access network device sending a first context identifier to the terminal, the first context identifier being used to identify an ROHC context related to the first information; or, The access network device receives a second context identifier sent by the terminal, the second context identifier being used to identify an ROHC context related to the first information.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The method further comprises: The access network device acquires second information according to the second context identifier; The second information comprises at least one of the following: The first information; Information related to IPv4; Information related to IPv6.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein, The information related to IPv4 comprises at least one of the following: Version information; Header length information; Service type information; Protocol information; IP identification, flag and segment offset information.

25. The method of claim 23 or 24, wherein, The information related to IPv6 comprises at least one of the following: Version information; Traffic class information; Next header information. 26.A communication apparatus, comprising a first sending module; The first sending module is configured to send a second data packet when a first condition is met before sending a first data packet related to a call service; wherein The first condition comprises at least one of the following: Completion of establishment of a first bearer used for transmitting the first data packet; Reception of an SDP response message; Completion of sending of an SDP response message; Access of the terminal to a satellite access network.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein, The first sending module is further configured to stop sending the second data packet when a ROHC feedback message is received before a 200 OK message is received after the second data packet is sent; or, the first sending module is further configured to transmit the first data packet after the ROHC feedback message is received when the ROHC feedback message is not received when the 200 OK message is received after the second data packet is sent.

28. The apparatus of claim 26 or 27, wherein, The first sending module is further configured to stop sending the second data packet when a listening indication is not received after the ROHC feedback message is received after the second data packet is sent; or, the first sending module is further configured to send a 200 OK message after the ROHC feedback message is received when the ROHC feedback message is not received after the listening indication is received after the second data packet is sent. 29.A communication apparatus, comprising a second sending module; The second sending module is configured to send a first message to a second network device when a second condition is met; wherein, The first message is used to instruct the second network device to send a third data packet to a terminal, and the second condition comprises at least one of the following: Determination of completion of establishment of a first bearer for the terminal, the first bearer being used for transmitting a first data packet related to a call service; Determination of access of the terminal to a satellite access network; Completion of sending of an SDP response message to the terminal; Reception of an SDP response message sent by the terminal.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein, The apparatus further comprises a first processing module; The first processing module is configured to determine, before the second sending module sends the first message to the second network device, that the terminal accesses a satellite access network according to access information of the terminal; The access information is obtained from a SIP invite message from the terminal or acquired from a third network device. 31.A communication apparatus, comprising a third sending module; The third sending module is configured to send the first information to the access network device when a third condition is met. wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: an IP address of the calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of the called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol. The third condition includes at least one of the following: completing establishment of a first bearer for the calling terminal, determining that the calling terminal accesses the network through a satellite, completing establishment of the first bearer for the called terminal, and determining that the called terminal accesses the network through a satellite, wherein the first bearer is used to transmit first data packets related to a call service.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein, The third sending module is specifically configured to send the first information to the access network device through a first parameter. The first parameter includes at least one of the following: a transport stream template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filtering parameter.

33. The apparatus of claim 31 or 32, wherein, The third sending module is specifically configured to send the first information to the access network device when it is determined that the calling terminal or the called terminal accesses the network through a satellite.

34. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein, The device further includes a second processing module. The second processing module is configured to determine that the calling terminal accesses the network through a satellite according to first access information, wherein the first access information is obtained from the access network device or a fifth network device, or to determine that the called terminal accesses the network through a satellite according to second access information, wherein the second access information is obtained from the access network device or the fifth network device.

35. A communication device, the device comprising a receiving module, a third processing module, and a fourth sending module. The receiving module is configured to receive first information from a fourth network device, wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: an IP address of a calling terminal, a port number of the calling terminal, an IP address of a called terminal, a port number of the called terminal, and a transport layer protocol. The third processing module is configured to generate a fifth data packet based on the first information and a fourth data packet when the fourth data packet is received. The fourth sending module is configured to send the fifth data packet to a target device.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein, The receiving module is specifically configured to receive a first parameter from the fourth network device and obtain the first information from the first parameter. The first parameter includes at least one of the following: a transport stream template parameter, a quality of service rule parameter, and a packet filtering parameter.

37. The apparatus of claim 35 or 36, wherein, The fourth sending module is further configured to send a first context identifier to a terminal, wherein the first context identifier is used to identify an ROHC context related to the first information. Alternatively, The receiving module is further configured to receive a second context identifier sent by a terminal, wherein the second context identifier is used to identify an ROHC context related to the first information.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein, The third processing module is further configured to obtain second information according to the second context identifier. The second information includes at least one of the following: The first information; Related information of IPv4; Related information of IPv6.

39. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

40. A network-side device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, or implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, or implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 19 to 25.

41. A readable storage medium, the readable storage medium storing programs or instructions, the programs or instructions, when executed by a processor, implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, or implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, or implementing the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 19 to 25.

Images