Precoding matrix indicator based codebook enhancement
By implementing per-layer scaling and CSI-RS resource aggregation in codebooks, the limitations of existing systems supporting up to 128 antenna ports are overcome, enhancing beamforming efficiency and reducing interference in wireless networks.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication networks face challenges in supporting a large number of antenna ports, particularly up to 128 ports, due to limitations in current codebooks and precoding matrix indicators, leading to inefficiencies in beamforming and interference issues.
Enhancements to type I and type II codebooks are introduced, including per-layer scaling of power control offset values, CSI-RS resource aggregation, and flexible CSI reporting to support up to 128 ports, ensuring fair power distribution and reduced interference.
The enhancements enable efficient utilization of up to 128 antenna ports, improving signal strength and bandwidth by optimizing beamforming and reducing interference across multiple layers.
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Figure CN2024121872_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Precoding Matrix Indicator Based Codebook EnhancementBACKGROUND
[0001] Wireless communication networks provide integrated communication platforms and telecommunication services to wireless user devices. Example telecommunication services include telephony, data (e.g., voice, audio, and / or video data) , messaging, and / or other services. The wireless communication networks have wireless access nodes that exchange wireless signals with the wireless user devices using wireless network protocols, such as protocols described in various telecommunication standards promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . Example wireless communication networks include time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) , and Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) . The wireless communication networks facilitate mobile broadband service using technologies such as OFDM, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) , advanced channel coding, massive MIMO, beamforming, and / or other features.
[0002] Multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) enables a base station (e.g., a node, evolved node eNB, a next generation node gNB, and so forth) to send data streams to users over time-frequency resources. MIMO configuration includes a configuration of a number of antennas and layers. A user equipment (UE) and base station carry predefined tables, called codebooks, defining the number of antenna ports and layers. Type I codebooks define beamforming for MIMO for single user MIMO (SU-MIMO) . Type II codebooks can be generally used for multi-user MIMO.
[0003] There can be infinite number of vectors and matrices to form a beam in the exact and arbitrary direction, but it is practically not feasible to allow the infinite number of beamforming vectors and metrics. There are therefore a predefined number of beamform vectors and matrices for this purpose. The base station can estimate the downlink channel quality from uplink signal (e.g., from the sounding reference signal (SRS) or physical uplink shared channel demodulation reference signal (PUSCH DMRS) ) . The base station selects a best codebook matrix best fit for the downlink transmission based on channel reciprocity. Alternatively, the base station can estimate the downlink channel quality by the channel state information (CSI) report from UE and select the best codebook matrix best fit for the downlink transmission.SUMMARY
[0004] In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure systems and processes described herein are configured for operations including receiving configuration information specifying a candidate value for a per-layer scaling factor configured to be applied to a power control offset value for a spatial basis of a set of spatial bases of an antenna array; selecting a particular spatial basis from the set of spatial bases; applying the candidate value of the per-layer scaling factor to the power control offset value for the selected spatial basis; and preparing, for transmission, precoder matrix indicator (PMI) and rank indicator (RI) feedback specifying the selected spatial basis as part of Channel State Information (CSI) .
[0005] In some implementations, the set of spatial bases support up to eight layers for measuring up to 128 ports, wherein each layer is associated with one spatial basis, and wherein each spatial basis is associated with one layer or two layers. In some implementations, each spatial basis of the set can support up to two orthogonal layers based on a first horizontal-polarization phase compensation factor value that is associated with a first layer of the two orthogonal layers for a first spatial basis and based on a second, opposite horizontal-polarization phase compensation factor value that is associated with a second layer of the two orthogonal layers for the first spatial basis.
[0006] In some implementations, the candidate values for the per-layer scaling factor are selected from the set consisting of {1, √ (1 / 2) , √ (1 / 3) , √ (1 / 4) , √ (1 / 6) , √ (1 / 8) , √ (1 / 12) , √ (1 / 16) } .
[0007] In some implementations, the power control offset value is applied to a CSI-reference signal (CSI-RS) resource associated with the selected spatial basis.
[0008] In some implementations, the power control offset value comprises a ratio of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) energy per resource element (EPRE) to a CSI-RS EPRE value.
[0009] In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is based on a number of layers associated with the spatial basis.
[0010] In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is based on a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback.
[0011] In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a number of layers associated with the spatial basis.
[0012] In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback.
[0013] In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a ratio of a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback to a number of layers associated with the spatial basis.
[0014] In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusted per-layer spatial basis value being above a predefined minimum value, below a predefined maximum value, or both.
[0015] In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusted per-layer spatial basis value based on an adjustment of a total power associated with the set of spatial bases scaled by respective scaling factors in the set of per-layer scaling factors.
[0016] In some implementations, a user equipment is configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting only per-layer scaling factor configuration, only codebook subset restriction (CBSR) configuration, or both per-layer scaling factor configuration and CBSR configuration.
[0017] In some implementations, a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting only codebook subset restriction (CBSR) configuration or both per-layer scaling factor configuration and CBSR configuration.
[0018] In some implementations, a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting per-layer scaling factor configuration for 1 layer only.
[0019] In some implementations, a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting per-layer scaling factor configuration for more than 1 layer.
[0020] In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure systems and processes described herein are configured for operations including receiving configuration information specifying a set of Channel State Information (CSI) resources each supporting 32 ports. The operations include determining that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports. The operations include preparing, for transmission, precoder matrix indicator (PMI) feedback specifying the aggregated CSI resources that support measuring up to 128 ports. In some implementations, a CSI report that configures a report quantity value does not include a CSI resource indicator (CRI) value, wherein the determining that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports is based on the report quantity value not having the CRI value. In some implementations, an information element specifies that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports.
[0021] In some implementations, the operations include receiving a set of CSI transmission occasions for aggregation to support measurement of 128 ports. In some implementations, the operations include determining that at least one transmission occasion of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured. In some implementations, the operations include dropping a CSI measurement of the set of CSI transmission occasions.
[0022] In some implementations, the operations include receiving a set of CSI transmission occasions for aggregation to support measurement of 128 ports in a doppler codebook. In some implementations, the operations include determining that at least one transmission occasion of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured or that at least one occasion of a set of periodic occasions for at last one of the CSI transmission occasions of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured. In some implementations, the operations include dropping a CSI measurement of the set of CSI transmission occasions. In some implementations, dropping the CSI measurement occurs when a CSI-RS resource is not received prior to a CSI reference resource. In some implementations, dropping the CSI measurement is based on all CSI-RS resources not being received within a discontinuous reception (DRX) active time. In some implementations, dropping the CSI measurement is based on a CSI-RS transmission occasion not being semi-persistent or consecutive.
[0023] In an aspect, a non-transitory computer storage medium encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more computers, cause the one or more computers to perform the operations described herein.
[0024] In an aspect, a system comprising one or more processors and one or more storage devices on which are stored instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more processors, to cause the one or more processors to perform the operations described herein.
[0025] In an aspect, an apparatus comprising one or more baseband processors configured to perform the operations described herein.
[0026] In an aspect, one or more processors comprising circuitry that executes instructions to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform the operations described herein.
[0027] The details of one or more embodiments of these systems and methods are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of these systems and methods will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
[0028] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0029] FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless network, according to some implementations.
[0030] FIG. 2A illustrates a flowchart of an example process a PMI based codebook enhancement, according to some implementations.
[0031] FIG. 2B illustrates a flowchart of an example process a PMI based codebook enhancement, according to some implementations.
[0032] FIG. 3 illustrates a user equipment (UE) , according to some implementations.
[0033] FIG. 4 illustrates an access node, according to some implementations.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] This disclosure describes example systems and processes for enhancing type I and type II codebooks to support up to 128 channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ports for MIMO operations. A network (e.g., a node such as a next generation node gNB) receives a preferred pre-coding from a user equipment (UE) using a pre-coding matrix indicator (PMI) . In previous systems, the codebooks support up to 32 ports. In these systems, a length for each layer of the precoder specified by the PMI is up to 32 elements. In next generation systems, network may support additional ports for each layer, such as up to 128 ports. The network may include additional hardware, such as more than 32 antenna elements, or support more digital ports, such as up to 128 ports, particularly for medium to high frequency range 1 (FR1) frequency bands. The systems and processes described herein include enhancements to the PMI to support a larger number of ports than in legacy configurations (e.g., 32 ports) . In particular, for the purposes of the present disclosure, examples are described for enhancements to the PMI to support up to 128 CSI-RS ports, but support for other numbers of ports greater than 32 ports are also within the scope of the present disclosure. The systems and methods are configured to support up to 128 CSI-RS ports by using per-layer scaling for type I codebooks (including support of more than one layer) , enhancing a configuration of the PMI-based CSI report, and performing CSI dropping.
[0035] Generally, there are type I codebooks and type II codebooks for SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO, respectively. Type I codebooks have a relatively low overhead of CSI feedback. However, the resolution of the CSI feedback, especially the PMI feedback, is relatively low. Type II codebooks have a higher reporting overhead. The size of the CSI report is relatively larger, and the resolution of the PMI is relatively high. The PMI enables a UE to report a preferred precoding for downlink transmissions on the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) . The PMI can indicate the preferred precoding for MIMO. For larger antenna configurations, such as 64 transceiver active antenna, the PMI can indicate a preferred precoding for both MIMO and beamforming.
[0036] Previously, the legacy type I solutions support measuring up to 32 CSI-RS ports per resource. Type 1 solutions support PMI reporting in two stages. The first stage provides wideband information which does not change rapidly over time. This can involve beam selection, or beam group selection. The second stage provides sub-band information which changes more rapidly over time. This can involve beam selection from within a group and phase shift selection for co-phasing between polarizations, layers and antenna panels.
[0037] The spatial basis refers to the different precodings that correspond to different spatial directions for the beam. The spatial basis depends on the direction of the target device (e.g., the location of the UE relative to the base station) and on the reflection of how the signal travels between the UE and base station. The UE attempts to match the spatial basis by selecting the preferred precoding to be applied across different antennas to be used for transmission to match the radio propagation for maximizing the signal to noise ratio (SNR) or otherwise maximize the throughput of the transmission. The systems and processes described herein provide for the selection of the spatial basis for greater than the legacy number of 32 ports, such as, for example, up to 128 ports.
[0038] The systems and methods described herein include using per-layer scaling of the type I codebook to support measuring up to 128 ports by enabling per-layer scaling of power control offset value. Per-layer scaling can control interference for the antenna panels to a particular direction. A UE can support additional ports (up from 32 ports) by ensuring that power is distributed more equally among multiple layers and allowing spatial basis to be associated with multiple layers. The total energy for each spatial basis is controlled by the UE because the energy per layer is scaled down by the UE when needed and the energy for a particular spatial basis is increased by the UE when many layers are associated with a same spatial basis. When many layers are using a same spatial basis, the scaling for the spatial basis is increased by the UE per layer so that the overall power allocated to the spatial basis is kept the same. If more layers are used by the UE, the UE reduces the scaling for a spatial basis as the energy is spread among multiple layers. By increasing the number of layers that are supported using the same power, the number of supported ports can be increased, such as from the legacy number of 32 ports to a greater number of ports, such as up to 128 ports.
[0039] The precoder calculation of feedback is based on the selection of a spatial basis. The spatial basis includes a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) vector defined for the selected spatial basis. The DFT defines beamforming weights for beamforming by an antenna array. The beamforming weights can ensure a relatively narrow beam with a desired array gain to send the formed beam in a direction of the remote device for improving signal strength and bandwidth. The precoder calculation of feedback can depend on a location of the UE relative to the base station and depends on how a signal propagates between the UE and the base station. For example, precoder calculation of feedback can depend on whether the signal transmission is along a line of sight or is reflected by obstacles in the environment of the UE. The precoder calculation of feedback can depend on signal arrival time and signal departure time. In an example, a UE selects a beam to match the actual radio propagation condition. The UE generates the PMI feedback for sending to the base station based on the selected beam.
[0040] A selection of particular beams by a UE could cause large interferences for other systems in an environment. For example, a UE could select a beam that causes a relatively large interference for a satellite system, even though the UE and the satellite system could be using a different channel and / or different frequencies. The adjacent channel emission could cause a large interference for this other system or even interference to another user of a neighboring cell.
[0041] To avoid causing interference, the systems and method described herein are configured for per-layer scaling. The per-layer scaling can be performed for a type 1 codebook. The scaling factor is applied to the power control offset configured for the associated CSI-RS resource for rank 1. In some implementations, the per-layer scaling may be extended to ranks 2 to 8. The scaling factor can include an adjustment applied by the UE to a spatial basis to reduce a probability of selecting a particular spatial basis. In an example, a spatial scaling factor includes a 3-bit scaling factor configured by the network, such as by using radio resource control (RRC) signaling. The scaling factors are defined as scaling the power control offset for the associated CSI-RS resources. The codepoints of the group-specific 3-bit scaling factors are mapped to values of This is for rank 1, but it may be possible to extend to rank values greater than 1 or for use for type II codebook enhancement. Generally, a smaller scaling value for a particular spatial basis indicates a lower probability that the particular spatial basis will be selected.
[0042] When a particular spatial basis is used, less power can be allocated on that particular layer. The lower power allocation discourages the UE from selecting that spatial basis. A single layer uses one spatial basis, so the scaling is simplified for a single layer. In some implementations, the single spatial basis can be used by more than one layer, such as up to two layers. In some implementations, there can be more than one selected spatial basis. The per-layer scaling described herein is configured for use with more than one layer (e.g., R >1) .
[0043] The systems and processes herein are configured to support up to 128 ports by configuring the PMI based CSI report as follows. In an aspect, the network can aggregate more than 1 CSI-RS. A single CSI-RS resource can support 32 ports. By aggregating up to 4 CSI-RS resources, the network can enable the UE to support up to 128 ports. The network can signal to the UE that a set of CSI-RS resources provided by the network are to be aggregated by the UE for supporting 128 ports. The network can signal CSI-RS aggregation to the UE by configuring more than 1 CSI-RS resource in the non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resource set. In an aspect, the network can explicitly configure the CSI-RS aggregation with a new information element (IE) . The IE can be configured in a CSI report setting CSI-ReportConfig. When the new IE is configured, the UE can ignore the CSI resource indicator (CRI) report and instead aggregate the CSI-RS resources to report the PMI based on the total aggregated CSI-RS ports.
[0044] The systems and processes herein are configured to support up to 128 ports by causing a UE to drop CSI reporting based on timing availability. For example, the UE can report a CSI report responsive to receiving at least one CSI-RS transmission occasion for each of multiple CSI-RS resources in the corresponding CSI-RS resource set for channel measurement and CSI-RS and / or the CSI interference measurement (CSI-IM) occasion for interference measurement. The UE can report the CSI-RS report when the CSI-RS occasion is received in the DRX active time, which includes the time during which the UE is considered to be monitoring the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , and no later than the time at which the CSI resource is transmitted / received. The UE can be configured to drop the report if these criteria are not satisfied. The UE can also be configured to require that a valid measurement be performed for different K occasions of a periodic CSI-RS resource, and otherwise drop the CSI-RS report. The UE has increased flexibility to drop CSI reporting when one of the set of CSI-RS resources to be aggregated is not measured. The increased flexibility of the UE to drop CSI reporting allows the UE to respond to the network with PMI feedback when the UE has measured all the CSI-RS resources required for aggregation of the CSI-RS resources and supporting additional ports over the 32 ports supported for a single CSI-RS resource, such as up to 128 ports.
[0045] The forgoing embodiments enable the network to support up to 128 ports for type I and / or type II codebooks. Each of these embodiments is subsequently described in further detail.
[0046] FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless network 100, according to some implementations. The wireless network 100 includes a UE 102 and a base station 104 connected via one or more channels 106A, 106B across an air interface 108. The UE 102 and base station 104 communicate using a system that supports controls for managing the access of the UE 102 to a network via the base station 104.
[0047] In some implementations, the wireless network 100 may be a Non-Standalone (NSA) network that incorporates Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) communication standards as defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) technical specifications. For example, the wireless network 100 may be a E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) -NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) network, or a NR-EUTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC) network. However, the wireless network 100 may also be a Standalone (SA) network that incorporates only 5G NR. Furthermore, other types of communication standards are possible, including future 3GPP systems (e.g., Sixth Generation (6G) ) systems, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 technology (e.g., IEEE 802.11a; IEEE 802.11b; IEEE 802.11g; IEEE 802.11-2007; IEEE 802.11n; IEEE 802.11-2012; IEEE 802.11ac; or other present or future developed IEEE 802.11 technologies) , IEEE 802.16 protocols (e.g., WMAN, WiMAX, etc. ) , or the like. While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 5G NR, aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other systems, such as 3G, 4G, and / or systems subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G) .
[0048] In the wireless network 100, the UE 102 and any other UE in the system may be, for example, laptop computers, smartphones, tablet computers, machine-type devices such as smart meters or specialized devices for healthcare, intelligent transportation systems, or any other wireless devices with or without a user interface. In network 100, the base station 104 provides the UE 102 network connectivity to a broader network (not shown) . This UE 102 connectivity is provided via the air interface 108 in a base station service area provided by the base station 104. In some implementations, such a broader network may be a wide area network operated by a cellular network provider or may be the Internet. Each base station service area associated with the base station 104 is supported by antennas integrated with the base station 104. The service areas are divided into a number of sectors associated with certain antennas. Such sectors may be physically associated with fixed antennas or may be assigned to a physical area with tunable antennas or antenna settings adjustable in a beamforming process used to direct a signal to a particular sector.
[0049] The UE 102 includes control circuitry 110 coupled with transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114. The transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114 may each be coupled with one or more antennas. The control circuitry 110 may include various combinations of application-specific circuitry and baseband circuitry. The transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114 may be adapted to transmit and receive data, respectively, and may include radio frequency (RF) circuitry or front-end module (FEM) circuitry.
[0050] In various implementations, aspects of the transmit circuitry 112, receive circuitry 114, and control circuitry 110 may be integrated in various ways to implement the operations described herein. The control circuitry 110 may be adapted or configured to perform various operations such as those described elsewhere in this disclosure related to a UE.
[0051] The transmit circuitry 112 can perform various operations described in this specification. Additionally, the transmit circuitry 112 may transmit a plurality of multiplexed uplink physical channels. The plurality of uplink physical channels may be multiplexed according to time division multiplexing (TDM) or frequency division multiplexing (FDM) along with carrier aggregation. The transmit circuitry 112 may be configured to receive block data from the control circuitry 110 for transmission across the air interface 108.
[0052] The receive circuitry 114 can perform various operations described in this specification. Additionally, the receive circuitry 114 may receive a plurality of multiplexed downlink physical channels from the air interface 108 and relay the physical channels to the control circuitry 110. The plurality of downlink physical channels may be multiplexed according to TDM or FDM along with carrier aggregation. The transmit circuitry 112 and the receive circuitry 114 may transmit and receive both control data and content data (e.g., messages, images, video, etc. ) structured within data blocks that are carried by the physical channels.
[0053] FIG. 1 also illustrates the base station 104. In implementations, the base station 104 may be an NG radio access network (RAN) or a 5G RAN, an E-UTRAN, a non-terrestrial cell, or a legacy RAN, such as a UTRAN or GERAN. As used herein, the term “NG RAN” or the like may refer to the base station 104 that operates in an NR or 5G wireless network 100, and the term “E-UTRAN” or the like may refer to a base station 104 that operates in an LTE or 4G wireless network 100. The UE 102 utilizes connections (or channels) 106A, 106B, each of which includes a physical communications interface or layer.
[0054] The base station 104 circuitry may include control circuitry 116 coupled with transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120. The transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120 may each be coupled with one or more antennas that may be used to enable communications via the air interface 108. The transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120 may be adapted to transmit and receive data, respectively, to any UE connected to the base station 104. The transmit circuitry 118 may transmit downlink physical channels includes of a plurality of downlink subframes. The receive circuitry 120 may receive a plurality of uplink physical channels from various UEs, including the UE 102.
[0055] The UE 102 is configured for beamforming. The UE can indicate supported antenna ports using a codebook. A codebook includes a matrix with complex value elements that transform a data bit of the PDSCH to another set of data that maps to each antenna port. The UE 102 can send a measurement report for PMI to the base station 104 and may assume that base station 104 would use the PMI that the UE 102 reports.
[0056] In FIG. 1, the one or more channels 106A, 106B are illustrated as an air interface to enable communicative coupling, and can be consistent with cellular communications protocols, such as a GSM protocol, a CDMA network protocol, a UMTS protocol, a 3GPP LTE protocol, an Advanced long term evolution (LTE-A) protocol, a LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) , a 5G protocol, a NR protocol, an NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) protocol, and / or any of the other communications protocols discussed herein. In implementations, the UE 102 may directly exchange communication data via a ProSe interface. The ProSe interface may alternatively be referred to as a sidelink (SL) interface and may include one or more logical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) , a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) , a Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH) , and a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) .
[0057] In an aspect, the network is configured for allowing for by enhancement of the type I codebook to support per-layer scaling for the associated CSI-RS resource for multiple layers. The network can support a per-layer scaling factor applied on top of the power control offset. For the type 1 codebook enhancement, each layer can be associated with one spatial basis. For example, each spatial basis i can be associated with r i∈ {1, 2} layers. The spatial basis for each layer can be reported by the UE. The candidate values for the scaling factor si can include The scaling factor can be applied on top of a value for the power control offset for the PDSCH.
[0058] The power control offset can be configured as powerControlOffset in 3GPP TS 38.214 / 331, denoting a ratio of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) energy per resource element (EPRE) to the CSI-RS EPRE. The UE can use the powerControlOffset to calculate the channel quality index (CQI) . The powerControlOffset is indirectly used by the UE to determine the rank. For example, the UE can measure signals using different ranks or different numbers of layers. The UE determines an aggregated throughput obtained for each selected rank / ranks. The UE selects the rank or ranks with a best performance. The power control offset is implicitly used when the UE is determining performance for each rank. Once the scaling is obtained, the scaling is applied to the value of the powerControlOffset. Each spatial basis can be associated with up to two layers.
[0059] The value of powerControlOffset is scaled by when spatial basis i is used for one more two layers. The value of the powerControlOffset is the ratio of PDSCH EPRE to NZP CSI-RS EPRE when the UE derives the CSI feedback and can include values in the range of [-8, 15] dB with a 1 dB step size.
[0060] The UE performs a comparison between the different layers once the scaling factor is applied to each spatial basis. A spatial basis can apply to one layer or two layers. The UE determines, based on the comparison, what power is available on each layer. The UE can maximize throughput / data rate by performing this comparison. The scaling factor is applied by the network such that a comparison between layers by the UE is a fair comparison.
[0061] To ensure that the UE selects the correct spatial basis to maximize the throughput, the UE applies the scaling factor as now described. The scaling factor applied on top of the power control offset value configured for the associated CSI-RS resource for a rank index (RI) that is greater than 1. When the network configures the scaling factor si for spatial basis i, the scaling factor used for CSI computation depends on one or multiple of the following factors. A first factor includes a number of layers associated with the spatial i, denoted as rii∈ {1, 2} (e.g., 1 or 2 layers, as previously described) . A second factor can include a rank (number of layers) reported by the UE, is denoted as R. Without scaling, the total energy spent on spatial basis i = EPREPDSCH·rii / R. The EPREPDSCH is configured as powerControlOffset in TS38.214 / 331, denoting the ratio between PDSCH EPRE to CSI-RS EPRE. In other words, the EPREPDSCH includes a the power offset compared to the CSI-RS EPRE. The CSI-RS EPRE scaled by this power offset is the EPREPDSCH, or the effective power per resource element (RE) . EPREPDSCH is total amount of energy is configured by the network, and this total energy is divided among the layers R. Because the spatial basis occupies rii layers, the energy spent on the spatial basis is the total energy EPREPDSCHallocated to the layers (s) (rii / R) associated with the spatial basis. The network penalizes some of the spatial basis options to ensure that the UE can perform a fair comparison between the available spatial bases, as subsequently described.
[0062] The UE can support a per-layer scaling factor applied on top of the power control offset. The UE can penalize some spatial bases by adjusting the baseline scaling factor si of a spatial basis i. The UE can adjust the scaling for the associated CSI-RS resource for rank greater than 1. When the network configures scaling factor si for spatial basis i, the scaling factor used for CSI computation, can be one of several options.
[0063] In a first option, the adjusted scaling factor pi is based on the rank and the number of spatial bases for each rank. The scaling factor for CSI computation can be Here, the adjusted scaling factor is based on the baseline scaling factor configured by the network and adjusted by the number of layers R divided by the rank index ri. When the spatial basis is being compared over a number of layers R, the network ensures that it does not penalize a particular rank. When a spatial basis is selected for multiple layers, the power allocation for that spatial basis is not artificially increased. This is because the power allocation is actually spread across multiple (e.g., two) layers and is not all used on a single layer. This option therefore accounts for a total number of layers and the allocated layers in penalizing or adjusting the scaling factor of a particular spatial basis. For example, if many layers are using the same spatial basis, the scaling for the spatial basis is increased per layer so that the overall power allocated to the spatial basis is kept the same. Conversely, if more ranks are used, the UE reduces the scaling for a spatial basis as the energy is spread among multiple layers. The total energy for each spatial basis is controlled because the energy per layer is scaled down and the energy for a particular spatial basis is increased when many layers select the spatial basis.
[0064] In a second option and in a third option, the scaling factor is partially adjusted based on the number of total layers or the number of layers that have selected the spatial basis. In a second option, the scaling factor for CSI computation is In this example, the baseline scaling factor si is adjusted by only compensating for the number of layers ri using this spatial basis. In a third option, the scaling factor for CSI computation, is In this example, the baseline scaling factor si is adjusted by only compensating for the total number of layers R. The scaling factor that is applied on top of the EPRE is not only the scaling factor configured by the network but is automatically scaled by the total number of layers and by the number of layers using the special basis. The actual energy spent on a given spatial basis is kept constant, regardless of a number of layers and which layers are using the spatial basis.
[0065] The UE can support per-layer scaling factor applied on top of the power control offset configured for the associated CSI-RS resource more than one rank by applying a minimum or maximum limit to the scaling factor applied to the power. In other words, when the network configures scaling factor si for spatial basis i, the scaling factor used for CSI computation can have a limit on either a minimum or a maximum value that can be used for scaling. The maximum and minimum limits ensure that the UE does not over or under-penalize a particular spatial basis for selection. For example, under penalizing a scaling factor for a spatial basis may allow the spatial basis to use more power than it would otherwise be permitted to use (e.g., in a legacy system) . Conversely, the UE does not want to over penalize a scaling factor for a spatial basis such that the UE never selects the spatial basis. The minimum and maximum scaling factors can be predefined, as subsequently described.
[0066] In a first option for defining the minimum and maximum scaling factors, the scaling factor for CSI computation is This relationship ensures a minimum value for the scaling for a spatial basis. For example, C#i$=1 or C#i$=1 indicates that a minimum value for the scaling factor is 1. In this example, the power for a spatial basis is always scaled up when the scaling factor is over a value of 1. indicates that the minimum scaling factor is the baseline scaling factor configured by the network.
[0067] In a second option defining the minimum and maximum scaling factors, a scaling factor for CSI computation is where This relationship ensures a maximum value for the scaling for a spatial basis. indicates that the maximum scaling factor is the baseline scaling factor In another option, the minimum scaling factor can be 1 together with the maximum scaling factor being Other similar options for defining the maximum and minimum scaling factors using other predefined values are possible. The UE can thus penalize selection of each spatial basis depending on the number of total layers or selected layers without over-penalizing any particular spatial basis such that it would never be selected.
[0068] Once the scaling factors are configured for the spatial basis by the network, the UE selects spatial bases. When the network configures scaling factor si for spatial basis i, the scaling factor used for CSI computation is The UE determines a CSI computation for each layer. As a set of layers are selected, the total PDSCH EPRE can be adjusted based on the scaling factor As the UE starts to penalize some of the layers, the total power may be less than the configured control offset value. For example, if there are four layers, and some of the layers using a spatial basis for which the power was penalized, less total energy is spent on that spatial basis. Once the power for all the spatial bases are combined, the total power is less than the powerControlOffset configured value (less than the EPRE) . The network (e.g., the gNB) uses less power to transmit than its available power.
[0069] To avoid this possibility, the network can perform a total scaling of the overall total power allocated to the spatial bases after each spatial basis is individually scaled. The total energy EPRE spent on all the layers can still meet the power that the node is able to spend. The total power PDSCH EPRE for the CSI computation multiple layers can be The EPREPDSCH is configured as powerControlOffset in TS38.214 / 331, denoting the ratio between PDSCH EPRE to CSI-RS EPRE. is the scaling factor applied on layer l, and spatial basis i is used for layer las reported by the UE.
[0070] The summation of the adjusted scaling factors for layers 1 to R is the scaling applied to all of the layers. The total of this summation is less than or the same as R. For example, if there is no scaling for a layer l, {pi} 2 is 1, and the total energy used is EPREPDSCH, the total available energy. If any layer has a scaling factor that reduces power, the value of for layers 1 to R is less than R. In this case, the overall energy (PDSCH EPRE) can be scaled up by the ratio of to ensure that all of the available energy is used. The PMI reported can thus use all the available energy from the base station.
[0071] The UE can have flexibility on how to implement the scaling factors previously described. The CSI computation complexity is increased by this flexibility. In legacy systems, a spatial basis subset restriction is already supported, but this is less flexible than the scaling factors described herein. The UE can choose to support spatial basis subset restriction, spatial basis scaling factors, or a combination of these. The UE can report whether it supports scaling, restriction, or both.
[0072] The UE can independently report the following capabilities, in some examples. In a first capability, the UE supports a codebook subset restriction (CBSR) configuration, but the UE does not support the per-layer scaling factor configuration. In a second capability, the UE can support a per-layer scaling factor configuration, but the UE does not necessarily support a CBSR configuration. In a third capability, the UE supports both per-layer scaling factor configuration and CBSR configuration.
[0073] In some implementations, UE can report independently the following two capabilities because the CBSR is a basic feature in legacy systems. In a first capability, the UE can support configuration by the network of either the per-layer scaling factor configuration or the CBSR (codebook subset restriction) configuration, but not both simultaneously. In a second capability, the UE can support configuration by the network of a per-layer scaling factor configuration and a CBSR configuration simultaneously. In this example, the CBSR, therefore, can be a baseline, and per-layer scaling is optionally applied. These examples provide flexibility to the UE.
[0074] When the UE supports per-layer scaling factor configuration, a baseline assumption by the network is that the UE only supports per-layer scaling factor configuration for rank 1. For rank 1, there is only a need for a special basis and one scaling. This solution simplifies computation of the power control offset value for the CSI-RS resource. Adding additional layers can add computation complexity. To avoid the computational complexity, the UE can report that it supports per-layer scaling but only for rank 1 and not ranks greater than 1. Alternatively, the UE can report that it supports per-layer scaling for ranks greater than 1. This gives the UE flexibility in that is does not need to support per-layer scaling for all layers.
[0075] In an aspect, for Type I and Type II codebook enhancement to support up to 128 ports, the network configures UE to aggregate more than 1 CSI-RS resource for up to 128 ports. A CSI resource supports up to 32 ports. To enable CSI resources to use up to 128 ports, multiple CSI resources can be aggregated. In an example, four CSI resources can be aggregated. In legacy systems, there are already multiple CSI reports included in a measurement. A UE can select a preferred resource from the available resources. Therefore, when the UE receives four CSI resources, the UE determines whether the UE should select a preferred resource with 32 ports or whether the UE should aggregate the resources and report one PMI for the aggregated resources.
[0076] There are several options to differentiate the aggregation of the CSI resources to use 128 ports from performing legacy resource selection. In a first option, the UE can differentiate the functionality of the multiple CSI resources based on the report quantity. A NZP CSI-RS resource set is associated with the corresponding CSI report setting with channel measurement resource. The network configures more than 1 CSI-RS resource. In some implementations, each CSI-RS resource is configured with the same number of ports. In the corresponding CSI report setting, report quantity, (reportQuantity) does not include “CRI. ” In an example, the reportQuantity is “RI-PMI-CQI” or “RI-LI-PMI-CQI. ” These are further described below.
[0077] The CRI value of the report quantity that specifies that the UE does the CSI’s resource selection. When the UE determines that there are multiple resources and that a CRI is included in the report quantity, the UE determines that the base station intends the UE to select the resource.
[0078] Every PMI report quantity can automatically come with a CRI. In legacy systems, the base station can configure one resource. Even though the base station configured the CRI, UE determines that there is no CRI to select and only reports a PMI or a rank CQI. If there are multiple resources configured by the base station, the UE determines that it should report a CRI.
[0079] In contrast, in non-legacy systems, when multiple resources are configured by the base station, the base station may be indicating that the UE should select multiple of the resources as a CRI report and aggregate all the resources as a PMI report. The new report quantity value previously described distinguishes these scenarios to the UE. The report quantity does not include the CRI. When the UE receives indication of multiple CSI resources configured for measurement without the CRI, the UE determines that the multiple CSI resources should be aggregated to support 128 ports.
[0080] In another option, the network explicitly configures the CSI-RS resource aggregation with a new information element (IE) . The IE can be configured in CSI report setting (CSI-ReportConfig) . When the IE is configured, the UE ignores the CRI report, but aggregates the CSI-RS resources to report PMI assuming the total aggregated CSI-RS ports. The IE can indicate this with one bit to signal this capability not to report the CRI and do aggregation and report the PMI with the aggregated resources.
[0081] The UE can perform CSI dropping to support type I and type II codebook enhancement to support up to 128 ports when multiple CSI-RS resources are aggregated to support up to 128 ports. The UE reports a CSI report only after receiving at least one CSI-RS transmission occasion for each of the multiple CSI-RS resources in the corresponding CSI-RS resource set for channel measurement. Before the UE reports a CSI, the UE needs to finish the measurement. It may occur that the UE may not get any measurements. In this situation, the UE can drop the CSI report. For example, the UE can try to activate a resource. Before the resource is activated, there could be already some of the report which use the resource. The UE may not even be able to measure those resources before they are activated.
[0082] Because multiple resources are now available, the UE cannot simply drop the CSI report. The CSI resources are closely coupled. When the base station configures the resources to support 128 ports, if the UE misses one of the resources, the rest are not usable for a 128 port measurement. As long as one of the resource is not a measurable, the UE may drop the report.
[0083] The UE reports a CSI report only after receiving at least one CSI-RS and / or CSI-IM occasion for interference measurement in the DRX active time no later than CSI reference resource and drops the report otherwise. For each of the CSI resources, the UE has to make at least one measurement. Otherwise, the UE drops the report.
[0084] In an aspect, a type II doppler codebook enhancement support measurement of up to 128 ports, when multiple CSI-RS resources are aggregated. This is essentially a CSI prediction codebook. For the UE to perform the prediction, the UE measures multiple resources to determine a time domain behavior of the channel. The number of resources is KP. The UE has to measure all the KP occasions. At every KP occasion, the UE has to measure all the resources to make the prediction or drop the measurement.
[0085] The UE can report a CSI report only after receiving at least one aperiodic or K7 periodic or semi-persistent consecutive CSI-RS transmission occasions for each of the multiple CSI-RS resources in each CSI-RS resource group in the corresponding CSI-RS resource set for channel measurement. For each occasion, the UE receives four CSI resources with Kp occasions. The UE measures a completed K resource, but we need to measure a different KP time occasion of this K resource to do the complete the channel prediction.
[0086] The UE can report a CSI report only after receiving at least one aperiodic or K7 periodic or semi-persistent consecutive CSI-RS transmission occasions and one CSI-RS and / or CSI-IM resource transmission occasion for the CSI-RS and / or CSI-IM resource in the corresponding resource set for interference measurement. The UE can report a CSI report only after receiving at least one aperiodic or K7 periodic or semi-persistent consecutive CSI-RS transmission occasions no later than the CSI reference resource and within the same DRX active time, when DRX is configured. The UE drops the report otherwise.
[0087] In an aspect, for both Type I / Type II codebook and Type II doppler enhancement to support up to 128 ports, CSI dropping can be performed. For Type I / Type II codebook, UE has to be able to make valid measurement for each of multiple CSI-RS resources, otherwise, UE drops the CSI. The validity is defined based on one or both of the following examples. In an example, the CSI-RS resource has to be received no later than CSI reference resource. In an example, all CSI-RS resources have to be received within DRX active time.
[0088] For Type II doppler codebooks, UE has to be able to make valid measurement for each of K>1 CSI-RS resources in multiple CSI-RS resource groups, otherwise, UE drops the CSI. The validity is defined based on one or multiple or all of the following. In an example, the CSI-RS resource has to be received no later than CSI reference resource. In an example, all CSI-RS resources have to be received within DRX active time. In an example, for periodic or semi-persistent CSI-RS, UE should be able to measure K7 periodic or semi-persistent consecutive CSI-RS transmission occasions.
[0089] In an aspect, for both Type I / Type II codebook and Type II doppler enhancement to support up to 128 ports, CSI dropping can be caused by at least the following events. In an example, CSI dropping can be caused by CSI report (re) configuration. In an example, CSI dropping can be caused by serving cell activation. In an example, CSI dropping can be caused by a bandwidth part (BWP) change. In an example, CSI dropping can be caused by activation / deactivation of a semi-persistent CSI report. In an example, CSI dropping can be caused by activation / deactivation of a semi-persistent CSI-RS resource.
[0090] FIG. 2A illustrates a flowchart of an example process 200, according to some implementations. For clarity of presentation, the description that follows generally describes process 200 in the context of the other figures in this description. For example, process 200 can be performed by UE 102 of FIG. 1. It will be understood that process 200 can be performed, for example, by any suitable system, environment, software, hardware, or a combination of systems, environments, software, and hardware, as appropriate. In some implementations, various steps of process 200 can be run in parallel, in combination, in loops, or in any order.
[0091] The process 200 includes receiving (200) receiving configuration information specifying a candidate value for a per-layer scaling factor configured to be applied to a power control offset value for a spatial basis of a set of spatial bases of an antenna array. In some implementations, the set of spatial bases support up to eight layers for measuring up to 128 ports, wherein each layer is associated with one spatial basis, and wherein each spatial basis is associated with one layer or two layers. In some implementations, each spatial basis of the set can support up to two orthogonal layers based on a first horizontal-polarization phase compensation factor value that is associated with a first layer of the two orthogonal layers for a first spatial basis and based on a second, opposite horizontal-polarization phase compensation factor value that is associated with a second layer of the two orthogonal layers for the first spatial basis. In some implementations, the power control offset value comprises a ratio of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) energy per resource element (EPRE) to a CSI-RS EPRE value.
[0092] The process 200 includes selecting (204) selecting a particular spatial basis from the set of spatial bases and a number of layers. The process 200 includes applying (206) the candidate value of the per-layer scaling factor to the power control offset value for the selected spatial basis. In some implementations, the candidate values for the per-layer scaling factor are selected from the set consisting of In some implementations, the power control offset value is applied to a CSI-reference signal (CSI-RS) resource associated with the selected spatial basis. In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is based on a number of layers associated with the spatial basis. In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is based on a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback. In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a number of layers associated with the spatial basis. In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback. In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a ratio of a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback to a number of layers associated with the spatial basis. In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusted per-layer spatial basis value being above a predefined minimum value, below a predefined maximum value, or both. In some implementations, a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the selected spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusted per-layer spatial basis value based on an adjustment of a total power associated with the set of spatial bases scaled by respective scaling factors in the set of per-layer scaling factors.
[0093] The process 200 includes preparing (208) , for transmission, PMI and RI feedback specifying the selected spatial basis as part of CSI. In some implementations, a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting only per-layer scaling factor configuration, only codebook subset restriction (CBSR) configuration, or both per-layer scaling factor configuration and CBSR configuration. In some implementations, a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting only codebook subset restriction (CBSR) configuration or both per-layer scaling factor configuration and CBSR configuration. In some implementations, a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting per-layer scaling factor configuration for 1 layer only. In some implementations, a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting per-layer scaling factor configuration for more than 1 layer.
[0094] FIG. 2B illustrates a flowchart of an example process 220, according to some implementations. For clarity of presentation, the description that follows generally describes process 220 in the context of the other figures in this description. For example, process 220 can be performed by UE 102 of FIG. 1. It will be understood that process 220 can be performed, for example, by any suitable system, environment, software, hardware, or a combination of systems, environments, software, and hardware, as appropriate. In some implementations, various steps of process 220 can be run in parallel, in combination, in loops, or in any order.
[0095] The process 220 includes receiving (222) configuration information specifying a set of Channel State Information (CSI) resources each supporting 32 ports. The process 220 includes determining (224) that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports. The process 220 includes preparing (226) , for transmission, precoder matrix indicator (PMI) feedback specifying the aggregated CSI resources that support measuring up to 128 ports. In some implementations, a CSI report that configures a report quantity value does not include a CSI resource indicator (CRI) value, wherein the determining that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports is based on the report quantity value not having the CRI value. In some implementations, an information element specifies that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports.
[0096] In some implementations, the process 220 includes receiving a set of CSI transmission occasions for aggregation to support measurement of 128 ports. In some implementations, the process 220 includes determining that at least one transmission occasion of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured. In some implementations, the process 220 includes dropping a CSI measurement of the set of CSI transmission occasions.
[0097] In some implementations, the process 220 includes receiving a set of CSI transmission occasions for aggregation to support measurement of 128 ports in a doppler codebook. In some implementations, the process 220 includes determining that at least one transmission occasion of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured or that at least one occasion of a set of periodic occasions for at last one of the CSI transmission occasions of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured. In some implementations, the process 220 includes dropping a CSI measurement of the set of CSI transmission occasions. In some implementations, dropping the CSI measurement occurs when a CSI-RS resource is not received prior to a CSI reference resource. In some implementations, dropping the CSI measurement is based on all CSI-RS resources not being received within a discontinuous reception (DRX) active time. In some implementations, dropping the CSI measurement is based on a CSI-RS transmission occasion not being semi-persistent or consecutive.
[0098] FIG. 3 illustrates a UE 500, according to some implementations. The UE 500 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with UE 102 of FIG. 1. The UE 500 may be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as, for example, mobile phones, computers, tablets, industrial wireless sensors (for example, microphones, pressure sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, inventory sensors, electric voltage / current meters, etc. ) , video devices (for example, cameras, video cameras, etc. ) , wearable devices (for example, a smart watch) , relaxed-IoT devices.
[0099] The UE 500 may include processors 502, RF interface circuitry 504, memory / storage 506, user interface 508, sensors 510, driver circuitry 512, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 514, antenna structure 516, and battery 518. The components of the UE 500 may be implemented as integrated circuits (ICs) , portions thereof, discrete electronic devices, or other modules, logic, hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. The block diagram of FIG. 4 is intended to show a high-level view of some of the components of the UE 500. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and different arrangement of the components shown may occur in other implementations.
[0100] The components of the UE 500 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 520, which may represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or expansion) , transmission line, trace, optical connection, etc. that allows various circuit components (on common or different chips or chipsets) to interact with one another.
[0101] The processors 502 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 522A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 522B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 522C. The processors 502 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage 506 to cause the UE 500 to perform operations as described herein.
[0102] In some implementations, the baseband processor circuitry 522A may access a communication protocol stack 524 in the memory / storage 506 to communicate over a 3GPP compatible network. In general, the baseband processor circuitry 522A may access the communication protocol stack to perform user plane functions at a physical (PHY) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and PDU layer; and perform control plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and a non-access stratum layer. In some implementations, the PHY layer operations may additionally / alternatively be performed by the components of the RF interface circuitry 504. The baseband processor circuitry 522A may generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information in 3GPP-compatible networks. In some implementations, the waveforms for NR may be based cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) “CP-OFDM” in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM “DFT-S-OFDM” in the uplink.
[0103] The memory / storage 506 may include one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media that includes instructions (for example, communication protocol stack 524) that may be executed by one or more of the processors 502 to cause the UE 500 to perform various operations described herein. The memory / storage 506 include any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that may be distributed throughout the UE 500. In some implementations, some of the memory / storage 506 may be located on the processors 502 themselves (for example, L1 and L2 cache) , while other memory / storage 506 is external to the processors 502 but accessible thereto via a memory interface. The memory / storage 506 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , static random access memory (SRAM) , erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , Flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.
[0104] The RF interface circuitry 504 may include transceiver circuitry and radio frequency front module (RFEM) that allows the UE 500 to communicate with other devices over a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 504 may include various elements arranged in transmit or receive paths. These elements may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, control circuitry, etc.
[0105] In the receive path, the RFEM may receive a radiated signal from an air interface via antenna structure 516 and proceed to filter and amplify (with a low-noise amplifier) the signal. The signal may be provided to a receiver of the transceiver that downconverts the RF signal into a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of the processors 502.
[0106] In the transmit path, the transmitter of the transceiver up-converts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM may amplify the RF signal through a power amplifier prior to the signal being radiated across the air interface via the antenna 516. In various implementations, the RF interface circuitry 504 may be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technologies.
[0107] The antenna 516 may include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to travel through the air and to convert received radio waves into electrical signals. The antenna elements may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. The antenna 516 may have antenna panels that are omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof to enable beamforming and multiple input, multiple output communications. The antenna 516 may include microstrip antennas, printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, patch antennas, phased array antennas, etc. The antenna 516 may have one or more panels designed for specific frequency bands including bands in FR1 or FR2.
[0108] The user interface 508 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable user interaction with the UE 500. The user interface 508 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting an input including, inter alia, one or more physical or virtual buttons (for example, a reset button) , a physical keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphones, scanner, headset, or the like. The output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for showing information or otherwise conveying information, such as sensor readings, actuator position (s) , or other like information. Output device circuitry may include any number or combinations of audio or visual display, including, inter alia, one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (for example, binary status indicators such as light emitting diodes “LEDs” and multi-character visual outputs) , or more complex outputs such as display devices or touchscreens (for example, liquid crystal displays “LCDs, ” LED displays, quantum dot displays, projectors, etc. ) , with the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, and the like being generated or produced from the operation of the UE 500.
[0109] The sensors 510 may include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information (sensor data) about the detected events to some other device, module, subsystem, etc. Examples of such sensors include, inter alia, inertia measurement units including accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems including 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; temperature sensors (for example, thermistors) ; pressure sensors; image capture devices (for example, cameras or lensless apertures) ; light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (for example, infrared radiation detector and the like) ; depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; microphones or other like audio capture devices; etc.
[0110] The driver circuitry 512 may include software and hardware elements that operate to control particular devices that are embedded in the UE 500, attached to the UE 500, or otherwise communicatively coupled with the UE 500. The driver circuitry 512 may include individual drivers allowing other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may be present within, or connected to, the UE 500. For example, driver circuitry 512 may include a display driver to control and allow access to a display device, a touchscreen driver to control and allow access to a touchscreen interface, sensor drivers to obtain sensor readings of sensor circuitry 510 and control and allow access to sensor circuitry 510, drivers to obtain actuator positions of electro-mechanic components or control and allow access to the electro-mechanic components, a camera driver to control and allow access to an embedded image capture device, audio drivers to control and allow access to one or more audio devices.
[0111] The PMIC 514 may manage power provided to various components of the UE 500. In particular, with respect to the processors 502, the PMIC 514 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion.
[0112] In some implementations, the PMIC 514 may control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of the UE 500. A battery 518 may power the UE 500, although in some examples the UE 500 may be mounted deployed in a fixed location and may have a power supply coupled to an electrical grid. The battery 518 may be a lithium ion battery, a metal-air battery, such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, and the like. In some implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 518 may be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.
[0113] FIG. 4 illustrates an access node 600 (e.g., a base station or gNB) , according to some implementations. The access node 600 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with base station 104. The access node 600 may include processors 602, RF interface circuitry 604, core network (CN) interface circuitry 606, memory / storage circuitry 608, and antenna structure 610.
[0114] The components of the access node 600 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 612. The processors 602, RF interface circuitry 604, memory / storage circuitry 608 (including communication protocol stack 614) , antenna structure 610, and interconnects 612 may be similar to like-named elements shown and described with respect to FIG. 3. For example, the processors 602 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 616A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 616B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 616C.
[0115] The CN interface circuitry 606 may provide connectivity to a core network, for example, a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol such as carrier Ethernet protocols, or some other suitable protocol. Network connectivity may be provided to / from the access node 600 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuitry 606 may include one or more dedicated processors or FPGAs to communicate using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuitry 606 may include multiple controllers to provide connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.
[0116] As used herein, the terms “access node, ” “access point, ” or the like may describe equipment that provides the radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between a network and one or more users. These access nodes can be referred to as BS, gNBs, RAN nodes, eNBs, NodeBs, RSUs, TRxPs or TRPs, and so forth, and can include ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell) . As used herein, the term “NG RAN node” or the like may refer to an access node 600 that operates in an NR or 5G system (for example, a gNB) , and the term “E-UTRAN node” or the like may refer to an access node 600 that operates in an LTE or 4G system (e.g., an eNB) . According to various implementations, the access node 600 may be implemented as one or more of a dedicated physical device such as a macrocell base station, and / or a low power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or other like cells having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells.
[0117] In some implementations, all or parts of the access node 600 may be implemented as one or more software entities running on server computers as part of a virtual network, which may be referred to as a CRAN and / or a virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP) . In V2X scenarios, the access node 600 may be or function as a “Roadside Unit. ” The term “Roadside Unit” or “RSU” may refer to any transportation infrastructure entity used for V2X communications. An RSU may be implemented in or by a suitable RAN node or a stationary (or relatively stationary) UE, where an RSU implemented in or by a UE may be referred to as a “UE-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by an eNB may be referred to as an “eNB-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by a gNB may be referred to as a “gNB-type RSU, ” and the like.
[0118] Various components may be described as performing a task or tasks, for convenience in the description. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to. ” Reciting a component that is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112 (f) interpretation for that component.
[0119] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components set forth in one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods as set forth in the example section below. For example, the baseband circuitry as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth below. For another example, circuitry associated with a UE, base station, network element, etc. as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth below in the example section.
[0120] Any of the above-described examples may be combined with any other example (or combination of examples) , unless explicitly stated otherwise. The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of various embodiments.
[0121] Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
[0122] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
Claims
A method for wireless communication, the method comprising:receiving configuration information specifying a candidate value for a per-layer scaling factor configured to be applied to a power control offset value for a spatial basis of a set of spatial bases of an antenna array;selecting a particular spatial basis from the set of spatial bases;applying the candidate value of the per-layer scaling factor to the power control offset value for the particular spatial basis; andpreparing, for transmission, precoder matrix indicator (PMI) feedback and rank indicator (RI) feedback specifying the particular spatial basis as part of Channel State Information (CSI) .The method of claim 1, wherein the set of spatial bases support up to eight layers for measuring up to 128 ports, wherein each layer is associated with one spatial basis, and wherein each spatial basis is associated with one layer or two layers.The method of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each spatial basis of the set of spatial bases can support up to two orthogonal layers based on a first horizontal-polarization phase compensation factor value that is associated with a first layer of the two orthogonal layers for a first spatial basis and based on a second, opposite horizontal-polarization phase compensation factor value that is associated with a second layer of the two orthogonal layers for the first spatial basis.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 3, wherein the candidate value for the per-layer scaling factor is selected from a set of candidate values consisting ofThe method of any of claim 1 through claim 4, wherein the power control offset value is applied to a CSI-reference signal (CSI-RS) resource associated with the particular spatial basis.The method of claim 5, wherein the power control offset value comprises a ratio of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) energy per resource element (EPRE) to a CSI-RS EPRE value.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 6, wherein a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the particular spatial basis is based on a number of layers associated with the spatial basis.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 6, wherein a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the particular spatial basis is based on a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 8, wherein a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the particular spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a number of layers associated with the spatial basis.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 8, wherein a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the particular spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 8, wherein a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the particular spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusting being based on a ratio of a number of layers reported by a user equipment configured for transmitting the PMI feedback to a number of layers associated with the spatial basis.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 11, wherein a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the particular spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusted per-layer spatial basis value being above a predefined minimum value, below a predefined maximum value, or both.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 12, wherein a value of the per-layer scaling factor applied to the particular spatial basis is adjusted from a baseline scaling factor value, the adjusted per-layer spatial basis value based on an adjustment of a total power associated with the set of spatial bases scaled by respective scaling factors in a set of per-layer scaling factors.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 13, wherein a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting only per-layer scaling factor configuration, only codebook subset restriction (CBSR) configuration, or both per-layer scaling factor configuration and CBSR configuration.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 13, wherein a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting only codebook subset restriction (CBSR) configuration or both per-layer scaling factor configuration and CBSR configuration.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 15, wherein a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting per-layer scaling factor configuration for 1 layer only.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 15, wherein a user equipment configured to transmit the PMI feedback is configured to report a capability of supporting per-layer scaling factor configuration for more than 1 layer.A method for wireless communication, the method comprising:receiving configuration information specifying a set of Channel State Information (CSI) resources each supporting 32 ports;determining that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports; andpreparing, for transmission, precoder matrix indicator (PMI) feedback specifying the aggregated CSI resources that support measuring up to 128 ports.The method of claim 18, wherein a CSI report that configures a report quantity value does not include a CSI resource indicator (CRI) value, wherein the determining that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports is based on the report quantity value not having the CRI value.The method of claim 18, wherein an information element specifies that the set of CSI resources are to be aggregated together to support measuring up to 128 ports.The method of claim 18, further comprising:receiving a set of CSI transmission occasions for aggregation to support measurement of 128 ports;determining that at least one transmission occasion of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured; anddropping a CSI measurement of the set of CSI transmission occasions.The method of claim 18, further comprising:receiving a set of CSI transmission occasions for aggregation to support measurement of 128 ports in a doppler codebook;determining that at least one transmission occasion of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured or that at least one occasion of a set of periodic occasions for at last one of the CSI transmission occasions of the set of CSI transmission occasions was not measured; anddropping a CSI measurement of the set of CSI transmission occasions.The method of claim 22, wherein dropping the CSI measurement occurs when a CSI-RS resource is not received prior to a CSI reference resource.The method of claim 22, wherein dropping the CSI measurement is based on all CSI-RS resources not being received within a discontinuous reception (DRX) active time.The method of claim 22, wherein dropping the CSI measurement is based on a CSI-RS transmission occasion not being semi-persistent or consecutive.A non-transitory computer storage medium encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more computers, cause the one or more computers to perform the method of any preceding claim.A system comprising one or more processors and one or more storage devices on which are stored instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more processors, to cause the one or more processors to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 25.An apparatus comprising one or more baseband processors configured to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 25.One or more processors comprising circuitry that executes instructions to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform the method of any of claims 1-25.
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