Method and device for transmitting and receiving signal in wireless communication system

Abstract

A method and a device for transmitting and receiving a signal in a wireless communication system are disclosed. A method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise the steps of: receiving information on a plurality of transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states; and on the basis of occurrence of an event triggering a beam report related to the plurality of TCI states, transmitting information on the occurrence of the event. Here, the event may be defined in relation to whether a transmission technique based on the plurality of TCI states is applicable.

Description

Method and device for performing transmission and reception of signals in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system.

[0002] The 5th generation (5G) wireless communication system is a successor technology to 4G LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. In the case of 5G NR (New Radio), all available spectrum resources can be utilized, ranging from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz to intermediate frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (or millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz. Based on the foundational technology of 5G wireless communication, 6G wireless communication systems are being developed.

[0003] 6G wireless communication systems are being developed with the goal of (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of 6G systems can be seen in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity. Various technologies are being researched in consideration of the requirements for 6G systems, such as a peak data rate of 1 Tbps per device, an end-to-end (E2E) latency of 1ms, a maximum spectrum efficiency of 100 bps / Hz, support for mobility of 1000 km / h, satellite integration, artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles, extended reality (XR), and haptic communication.

[0004] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system.

[0005] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a beam reporting method and apparatus considering cooperative transmission and reception / multiple TRP (transmission and reception point) / STxMP (simultaneous transmission for multiple panels) transmission techniques in a beam management scheme initiated by a terminal in a wireless communication system.

[0006] The technical problems to be solved in this disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0007] A method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include: receiving information regarding a plurality of transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states; and transmitting information regarding the occurrence of an event based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report associated with the plurality of TCI states. Herein, the event may be defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on the plurality of TCI states.

[0008] A method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include: transmitting information about a plurality of transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states; and receiving information about the occurrence of an event based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report associated with the plurality of TCI states. Herein, the event may be defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on the plurality of TCI states.

[0009] By various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0010] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a beam reporting method and apparatus considering cooperative transmission and reception / multiple TRP (transmission and reception point) / STxMP (simultaneous transmission for multiple panels) transmission techniques in a beam management scheme initiated by a terminal in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0011] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, there is a technical effect in that beam reporting initiated by a terminal can be efficiently supported even when cooperative transmission / reception / M-TRP / STxMP techniques are applied.

[0012] The effects obtainable from the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included as part of the detailed description to aid in understanding the present disclosure, provide embodiments of the present disclosure and explain the technical features of the present disclosure together with the detailed description.

[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0015] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0016] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0017] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0018] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0019] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0020] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0021] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0022] FIG. 9 shows an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0023] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0024] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0025] FIG. 12 shows an example of an NTN scenario to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0026] FIG. 13 shows another example of an NTN scenario to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0027] FIG. 14 shows examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0028] FIG. 15 illustrates a multiple TRP (Transmission and Reception Point) transmission method in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure may be applied.

[0029] FIG. 16 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 17 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description disclosed below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to represent the only embodiment in which the present disclosure may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a complete understanding of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will know that the present disclosure may be practiced without such specific details.

[0032] In some cases, to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in the form of a block diagram focusing on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0033] In the present disclosure, when a component is described as being “connected,” “combined,” or “joined” with another component, this may include not only a direct connection but also an indirect connection in which another component exists between them. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, the terms “comprising” or “having” specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, actions, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, actions, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0034] In the present disclosure, terms such as "first," "second," etc. are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another and are not used to limit the components, nor do they limit the order or importance of the components unless specifically stated otherwise. Accordingly, within the scope of the present disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and likewise, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0035] The terms used in this disclosure are for the description of specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the claims. As used in the description of embodiments and the appended claims, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0036] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0037] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in the present disclosure may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0038] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0039] Additionally, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Additionally, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0040] Additionally, parentheses used in this disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be described as an example of "control information."

[0041] In the following explanation, '...when, if, in case of' can be replaced with '...based on'.

[0042] Technical features described individually within one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0043] In the present disclosure, a terminal or user equipment (UE) may be a portable device and may be a first node that receives a signal from a base station / second node / integrated access backhaul (IAB) node.

[0044] In the present disclosure, the base station (BS, Base Station) may be a second node / IAB node / Transmission-Reception Point (TRP).

[0045] In the present disclosure, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter configured, pre-configured, or pre-defined for a terminal. For example, a base station or network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0046] In the present disclosure, "set or defined" may be interpreted as being set to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., System Information Block (SIB), MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In the present disclosure, "set or defined" may be interpreted as being set to a device through separate signaling or being predefined without separate signaling.

[0047] In the present disclosure, transmitting or receiving a channel includes the meaning of transmitting or receiving information or a signal through said channel. For example, transmitting a control channel means transmitting control information or a signal through the control channel. Similarly, transmitting a data channel means transmitting data information or a signal through the data channel.

[0048] The technology described in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications), GPRS (general packet radio service), and EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0049] The technology described in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0050] Network structure

[0051] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flexible network topology to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0052] To compensate for incomplete areas of network coverage, a network topology in which the split radio access network (RAN) is configured more flexibly and resiliently may be considered. To this end, various nodes such as integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, relays, and radio frequency (RF) repeaters, as exemplified in Fig. 1, may be applied, and a non-terrestrial network (NTN) may be integrated. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a node that provides wireless backhaul. For example, a relay may refer to any intermediate point, and in the case of a sidelink relay where a terminal functions as a relay, it may collectively refer to a terminal-to-network (U2N) relay and a terminal-to-terminal (U2U) relay. For example, an RF repeater may correspond to a node that performs simple signal amplification and forwarding functions, and in the case of a network-controlled repeater, it may adjust transmit / receive settings based on information provided by the network as well as signal amplification and forwarding. For example, NTN nodes can correspond to satellites or aircraft that provide NTN coverage that is difficult for terrestrial networks to provide. In addition to these examples, various intermediate points can be introduced to improve the network topology.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 1, a split RAN can support the division of a base station into one centralized unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DU). The CU and DU may correspond to logical units. The CU may be further divided into a control plane (CP) portion and one or more user plane (UP) portions. Since a failure in the CU-CP affects not only the CU-UP but also the DU, various intermediate points may be introduced to compensate for this.

[0054] An intermediate point may correspond to a terminal or a base station depending on its relative relationship with other nodes. For example, an IAB node may include a mobile-termination (MT) portion and a DU. The MT may connect the IAB node to a donor node. The DU of the IAB node may serve other terminals or connect to other IAB nodes to provide multi-hop wireless backhaul to terminals. For example, an IAB node may correspond to a base station in its relative relationship with a user-side node and to a terminal in its relative relationship with a network-side node.

[0055] In some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a terminal may apply equally to an intermediate point corresponding to a terminal in relation to a network-side endpoint as well as to a user-side endpoint. Similarly, in some examples of the present disclosure, the description of a base station may apply equally to an intermediate point corresponding to a base station in relation to a user-side endpoint as well as to a network-side endpoint. In most cases where there is no additional description of the operation of three or more subjects, the communication subjects in the present disclosure are briefly described by the term terminal and / or base station (or first node and / or second node), wherein the term terminal and / or base station (or first node and / or second node) is interpreted to include or replace any endpoint or any intermediate point in relation to other nodes.

[0056] As such, in some examples of the present disclosure, for the sake of brevity of description, the subject of the operation may be referred to as a terminal and / or base station (or a first node and / or a second node). Additionally, the term terminal and / or base station (or a first node and / or a second node) may be interpreted or substituted as in the following examples: for example, the terminal (or first node) and the base station (or second node) may correspond to a first endpoint and a second endpoint, respectively; may correspond to an endpoint and an intermediate point, respectively; may correspond to an intermediate point and an endpoint, respectively; or may correspond to a first intermediate point and a second intermediate point, respectively.

[0057] In the present disclosure, there may be no intermediate points between the base station and the terminal, or there may be one or more. If intermediate points exist, the intermediate points may correspond to IAB nodes, relays, RF repeaters, NTN nodes, or nodes supporting other functions. The intermediate points may be nodes with a fixed location or nodes with an indefinite location.

[0058] Systems applicable to the present disclosure

[0059] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary communication system to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0060] The communication system (100) to which the present disclosure applies includes a wireless device (110), a network device (120), and a network (130). Here, the wireless device (110) refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G / 6G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device (110) may include a robot (110a), a vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), an XR (extended reality) device (110c), a hand-held device (110d), a home appliance (110e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (110f), and an AI (artificial intelligence) device / server (110g). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2) may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device (110c) includes an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device (110d) may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance (110e) may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device (110f) may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. The wireless device (110) may correspond to a terminal (or first node) or an intermediate point.The network device (120) may correspond to a base station (or a second node) or another intermediate point. For example, the network device (120) may also be implemented as a wireless device (110), and a specific wireless device (120a) may operate as a network device (120) to another wireless device (110).

[0061] Wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to a network (130) through a network device (120). AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices (110a to 110f), and the wireless devices (110a to 110f) can be connected to an AI server (110g) through the network (130). The network (130) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, or a 6G network. The wireless devices (110a to 110f) may communicate with each other through the network device (120) / network (130), but may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the network device (120) / network (130). For example, vehicles (110b-1, 110b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle to vehicle) / V2X (vehicle to everything) communication). Also, an IoT device (110f) (e.g., a sensor) can communicate directly with another IoT device (e.g., a sensor) or other wireless devices (110a to 110f).

[0062] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (110a to 110f) / network devices (120) and between network devices (120). Here, wireless communication / connection can be established through various wireless access technologies such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and communication between network devices (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and network devices / wireless devices, and network devices and network devices can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on the various descriptions of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: a process for setting various configuration information for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, a process for various signal processing (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), a resource allocation process, etc.

[0063] Devices applicable to the present disclosure

[0064] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary wireless device to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G). The wireless device (200) includes at least one processor (202) and at least one memory (204), and may additionally include at least one transceiver (206) and / or at least one antenna (208).

[0066] The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or sequences of operations disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through at least one antenna (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0067] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, at least one protocol layer may be implemented by at least one processor (202). For example, at least one processor (202) may implement at least one layer (e.g., functional layers such as PHY (physical), MAC (media access control), RLC (radio link control), PDCP (packet data convergence protocol), RRC (radio resource control), and SDAP (service data adaptation protocol). At least one processor (202) may generate at least one PDU (Protocol Data Unit) and / or at least one SDU (service data unit) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document. At least one processor (202) may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to at least one transceiver (206). At least one processor (202) may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from at least one transceiver (206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document.

[0068] At least one processor (202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. At least one processor (202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, at least one application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), at least one digital signal processor (DSP), at least one digital signal processing device (DSPD), at least one programmable logic device (PLD), or at least one field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be included in at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be included in at least one processor (202) or stored in at least one memory (204) and driven by at least one processor (202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0069] At least one memory (204) may be connected to at least one processor (202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. At least one memory (204) may be composed of ROM (read-only memory), RAM (random access memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory), flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. At least one memory (204) may be located inside and / or outside of at least one processor (202). Additionally, at least one memory (204) may be connected to at least one processor (202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0070] At least one transceiver (206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. of this document to at least one other device. At least one transceiver (206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. disclosed in this document from at least one other device. For example, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one processor (202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, at least one processor (202) may control at least one transceiver (206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to at least one other device. Additionally, at least one processor (202) may control at least one transceiver (206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from at least one other device. Additionally, at least one transceiver (206) may be connected to at least one antenna (208), and at least one transceiver (206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document through at least one antenna (208). In this document, at least one antenna may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). At least one transceiver (206) may convert the received wireless signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., using at least one processor (202).At least one transceiver (206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using at least one processor (202) from a baseband signal to an RF band signal. To this end, at least one transceiver (206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0071] The components of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 may be referred to by other terms in terms of their function. For example, the processor (202) may be referred to as the control unit, the transceiver (206) as the communication unit, and the memory (204) as the storage unit. In some cases, the communication unit may be used to mean at least a part of the processor (202) and the transceiver (206).

[0072] The structure of the wireless device described with reference to FIG. 3 can be understood as the structure of at least part of various devices. For example, the structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be at least part of the various devices described with reference to FIG. 2 (e.g., robot (110a), vehicle (110b-1, 110b-2), XR device (110c), portable device (110d), home appliance (110e), IoT device (110f), AI device / server (110g)). Furthermore, according to various embodiments, the device may include other components in addition to the components illustrated in FIG. 3.

[0073] For example, the device may be a portable device such as a smartphone, smartpad, wearable device (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., laptop, etc.). In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an interface unit that includes at least one port for connection with another device (e.g., an audio input / output port, a video input / output port), and an input / output unit for inputting and outputting video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user.

[0074] For example, the device may be a mobile device such as a mobile robot, vehicle, train, manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), or ship. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a drive unit comprising at least one of an engine, motor, power train, wheel, brake, and steering device of the device; a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, battery, etc.; a sensor unit that senses state information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings; an autonomous driving unit that performs functions such as path maintenance, speed control, and destination setting; and a position measurement unit that acquires position information of the moving body through a GPS (global positioning system) and various sensors.

[0075] For example, the device may be an XR device such as an HMD, a HUD (head-up display) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a power supply unit that supplies power and includes a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc., an input / output unit that acquires control information, data, etc. from the outside and outputs a generated XR object, and a sensor unit that senses state information, environment information, and user information of the device or the surroundings of the device.

[0076] For example, the device may be a robot that can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc., depending on the purpose or field of use. In this case, the device may further include at least one of a sensor unit that senses state information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a drive unit that performs various physical actions, such as moving robot joints.

[0077] For example, the device may be an AI device such as a TV, projector, smartphone, PC, laptop, digital broadcasting terminal, tablet PC, wearable device, set-top box (STB), radio, washing machine, refrigerator, digital signage, robot, vehicle, etc. In this case, the device may further include at least one of an input unit that acquires various types of data from the outside, an output unit that generates output related to sight, hearing, or touch, a sensor unit that senses state information, environmental information, and user information of the device or its surroundings, and a training unit that learns a model composed of an artificial neural network using training data.

[0078] The structure of the wireless device illustrated in FIG. 3 may be understood as part of a terminal (or first node), or part of an intermediate point, or part of a base station (or second node). If the device illustrated in FIG. 3 is a base station (or second node), the device may further include a wired transceiver for front haul and / or back haul communication. If the front haul and / or back haul communication is based on wireless communication, at least one transceiver (206) illustrated in FIG. 3 is used for front haul and / or back haul communication, and a wired transceiver may not be included.

[0079] Communication procedures

[0080] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary communication procedure between a first node and a second node to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0081] FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of a first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) and a second node (120) (e.g., a base station) transmitting and / or receiving data, and the operation performed prior to this.

[0082] In step S101, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform synchronization. For example, the terminal (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the terminal (110) can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted from the base station (120) according to a predefined rule. Here, the synchronization signal may include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal) classified according to structure or use. Through this, the terminal (110) can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, slot, and / or symbol of the base station (120) and obtain information about the base station (120) (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0083] In step S103, the first node (110) can obtain system information transmitted from the second node (120). For example, the system information is information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to connect to the base station (120) and use the service, and can be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc., and can be classified, for example, into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). If necessary, the terminal (110) may transmit a signal requesting the system information prior to receiving the system information. Such request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described later.

[0084] In step S105, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform a random access procedure. For example, the terminal (110) can transmit and / or receive at least one message for a random access procedure (e.g., a random access preamble, a RAR (random access response) message, etc.) based on information related to the random access channel of the base station (120) obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of a supported preamble, etc.). For example, the terminal (110) may transmit a preamble (e.g., message 1 (MSG1)) through a random access channel, receive a random access response (RAR) message (e.g., message 2 (MSG2)), transmit a message (e.g., message 3 (MSG3)) containing information related to the terminal (110) (e.g., identification information) to the base station (120) using scheduling information included in the RAR message, and receive a message (e.g., message 4 (MSG4)) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. As another example, MSG1 and MSG3 may be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., message A (MSG A), or MSG2 and MSG4 may be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., message B (MSG B).

[0085] In step S107, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can perform signaling of control information. For example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls the connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transmission channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) may perform at least one of signaling to establish a connection, signaling to determine settings related to communication, and signaling to indicate allocated resources.

[0086] In step S109, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can transmit and / or receive data. For example, the terminal (110) and the base station (120) can process data based on the signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive data. For example, when transmitting data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the terminal (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of extracting a signal from a resource, antenna-specific waveform demodulation, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0087] 6G System Core Technology

[0088] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (Terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optics (FSO) backhaul network, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0089] artificial intelligence

[0090] The introduction of AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0091] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary functional framework for AI operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0092] Below, to provide a more specific explanation of AI (or AI / ML (machine learning)), terms can be defined as follows.

[0093] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals, serving as a basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0094] - AI model: A data-driven algorithm that applies AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0095] - AI / ML Training: An online or offline process of training an AI model by learning features and patterns that best represent data and acquire an AI / ML model trained for inference.

[0096] - AI / ML Inference: A process of making predictions or deriving decisions based on collected data and an AI model using a trained AI model.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 5, the data collection function (10) is a function that collects input data and provides processed input data to the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30).

[0098] Examples of input data may include measurements from terminals or other network entities, feedback from actors, and outputs from AI models.

[0099] The data collection function (10) performs data preparation based on input data and provides the input data processed through data preparation. Here, the data collection function (10) does not perform specific data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, forming and transformation) for each AI algorithm, and can perform data preparation common to AI algorithms.

[0100] After the data preparation process is performed, the data collection function (10) can provide training data (11) to the model training function (20) and provide inference data (12) to the model inference function (30). Here, the training data (11) corresponds to data required as input for the AI ​​model training function (20), and the inference data (12) corresponds to data required as input for the AI ​​model inference function (30).

[0101] The data collection function (10) may be performed by a single entity (e.g., terminal, RAN node, network node, etc.) but may also be performed by multiple entities. In this case, training data (11) and inference data (12) from multiple entities may be provided to the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30), respectively.

[0102] The model training function (20) may correspond to a function that performs AI model training, validation, and testing, which can generate model performance metrics as part of the AI ​​model testing procedure. If necessary, the model training function (20) may also be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting and transformation, etc.) based on training data (11) provided by the data collection function (10).

[0103] Here, model deployment / update (13) can be used to initially deploy a trained, validated, and tested AI model to the model inference function (30) or to provide an updated model to the model inference function (30).

[0104] The model inference function (30) may correspond to a function that provides an AI model inference output (16) (e.g., a prediction or a decision). The model inference function (30) may provide model performance feedback (14) to the model training function (20) where applicable. Additionally, the model inference function (30) may be responsible for data preparation (e.g., data pre-processing and cleaning, formatting and transformation, etc.) based on the inference data (12) provided by the data collection function (10) if necessary.

[0105] Here, output (16) refers to the inference output of an AI model generated by the model inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0106] Model performance feedback (14) can be used to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model if available, and this feedback may be omitted.

[0107] The actor function (40) is a function that receives an output (16) from the model inference function (30) and triggers or performs a corresponding operation / action. The actor function (40) can trigger an operation / action on another entity (e.g., one or more terminals, one or more RAN nodes, one or more network nodes, etc.) or on itself.

[0108] Feedback (15) can be used to derive training data (11) and inference data (12), or to monitor the performance of the AI ​​model, the impact on the network, etc.

[0109] Meanwhile, the definitions of training, validation, and testing in data sets used in AI / ML can be distinguished as follows.

[0110] - Training data: Refers to the dataset used to train a model.

[0111] - Validation data: This refers to a dataset used to validate a model that has already been trained. Validation data typically refers to a dataset used to prevent overfitting of the training dataset. Additionally, validation data can refer to a dataset used to select the best model among the various models trained during the learning process. Therefore, validation can be viewed as a type of training.

[0112] - Test data: Refers to the dataset for final evaluation. This data is unrelated to training.

[0113] For example, within the entire dataset, training data and validation data can be divided in a ratio of approximately 8:2 or 7:3. Alternatively, within the entire dataset, training data:validation data:test data can be divided in a ratio of 6:2:2.

[0114] Depending on whether the base station and the terminal possess the capability for AI / ML functions, the cooperation level can be defined as follows, and variations resulting from the combination of multiple levels below or the separation of any one level are also possible.

[0115] Category 0a: This corresponds to a no collaboration framework. In this case, the AI / ML algorithm is based on pure implementation and may not require changes to the wireless interface.

[0116] Category 0b: Corresponds to a framework that involves a wireless interface modified to fit efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms but lacks cooperation.

[0117] Category 1: This applies to cases involving inter-node support to improve the AI / ML algorithms of each node. For example, it applies when a terminal receives support from a base station (for training, adaptation, etc.), and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0118] Category 2: This applies to cases where joint ML operations between a terminal and a base station can be performed. This level requires AI / ML model commands or exchanges between network nodes.

[0119] The functions exemplified in Figure 5 above may be implemented at RAN nodes (e.g., base station, TRP, base station CU, etc.), network nodes, network operator's OAM (operation administration maintenance), or terminals.

[0120] Alternatively, two or more entities among a RAN, a network node, a network operator's OAM, or a terminal may cooperate to implement the functions exemplified in FIG. 5. For example, one entity may perform some of the functions of FIG. 5, and another entity may perform the remaining functions. As such, some of the functions exemplified in FIG. 5 are performed by a single entity (e.g., a terminal, a RAN node, a network node, etc.), the transmission / provision of data / information between each function may be omitted. For example, if the model training function (20) and the model inference function (30) are performed by the same entity, the transmission / provision of model distribution / update (13) and model performance feedback (14) may be omitted.

[0121] Alternatively, any one of the functions exemplified in FIG. 5 may be performed by two or more entities among the RAN, network node, network operator's OAM, or terminal in collaboration. This may be referred to as a split AI operation.

[0122] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0123] For example, the AI ​​model training function can be performed by network nodes (e.g., core network nodes, network operator's OAM, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function can be performed by RAN nodes (e.g., base station, TRP, base station's CU, etc.).

[0124] Step 1: RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for training an AI model to a network node. Here, RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2 can also transmit data collected from terminals to the network node (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP (reference signal received power), RSRQ (reference signal received quality), and SINR (signal to interference-plus-noise ratio) of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, speed, etc.).

[0125] Step 2: Network nodes can train AI models using the received training data.

[0126] Step 3: The network node can distribute / update the AI ​​model to RAN Node 1 and / or RAN Node 2. RAN Node 1 (and / or RAN Node 2) may also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0127] For the sake of convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the AI ​​model was deployed / updated only to RAN Node 1.

[0128] Step 4: RAN Node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN Node 2.

[0129] Step 5: RAN Node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0130] Step 6: If applicable, RAN node 1 can send model performance feedback to network nodes.

[0131] Step 7: RAN Node 1, RAN Node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN Node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2') can perform an action based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing action, the terminal may move from RAN Node 1 to RAN Node 2.

[0132] Step 8: RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2 can transmit feedback information to network nodes.

[0133] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0134] For example, both AI model training and AI model inference functions can be performed by RAN nodes (e.g., base station, TRP, base station's CU, etc.).

[0135] Step 1: The terminal and RAN node 2 can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for training an AI model to RAN node 1.

[0136] Step 2: RAN Node 1 can train an AI model using the received training data.

[0137] Step 3: RAN Node 1 can receive input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference from the terminal and RAN Node 2.

[0138] Step 4: RAN Node 1 can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0139] Step 5: RAN Node 1, RAN Node 2, and the terminal (or 'RAN Node 1 and the terminal', or 'RAN Node 1 and RAN Node 2') can perform an action based on the output data. For example, in the case of a load balancing action, the terminal may move from RAN Node 1 to RAN Node 2.

[0140] Step 6: RAN Node 2 can send feedback information to RAN Node 1.

[0141] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of operations related to AI model training and AI model inference to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0142] For example, the AI ​​model training function may be performed by a RAN node (e.g., base station, TRP, base station CU, etc.), and the AI ​​model inference function may be performed by a terminal.

[0143] Step 1: A terminal can transmit input data (e.g., training data) for training an AI model to a RAN node. Here, the RAN node can collect data (e.g., terminal measurements related to RSRP, RSRQ, SINR of the serving cell and neighboring cells, terminal location, velocity, etc.) from various terminals and / or other RAN nodes.

[0144] Step 2: The RAN node can train an AI model using the received training data.

[0145] Step 3: The RAN node can distribute / update the AI ​​model to the terminal. The terminal may also continue model training based on the received AI model.

[0146] Step 4: Input data (e.g., inference data) for AI model inference can be received from terminals and RAN nodes (and / or other terminals).

[0147] Step 5: The terminal can perform AI model inference using the received inference data to generate output data (e.g., prediction or decision).

[0148] Step 6: If applicable, the terminal can transmit model performance feedback to the RAN node.

[0149] Step 7: The terminal and the RAN node can perform actions based on the output data.

[0150] Step 8: The terminal can transmit feedback information to the RAN node.

[0151] THz communication

[0152] Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz–300 GHz band range (sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz–3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz–3 THz band is part of the broadband, it lies at the boundary of the broadband and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz–3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

[0153] FIG. 9 shows an electromagnetic spectrum to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0154] Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0155] When transmitting system information (e.g., MIB) of a cell in the THz frequency band, it can be inefficient because, in the case of high frequency bands, beam sweeping must be performed more frequently to cover the entire area of ​​the cell as the beam width becomes narrower. In particular, transmitting system information using this method is even more inefficient when there are not many users in the cell.

[0156] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system information transmission / reception procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0157] The example of FIG. 10 is applicable not only to THz communication environments but also to 6G communication environments where THz communication is not applied. In addition, the procedure exemplified in FIG. 10 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure described below. For example, embodiments described below can be performed based on system information obtained by the procedure exemplified in FIG. 10.

[0158] In step S1010, the second node (120) (e.g., a base station) can transmit system information of cell #1 through cell #2. For example, the base station provides at least two cells, cell #1 uses a THz frequency band, and cell #2 uses a frequency band other than the THz frequency band. Here, the system information may include at least one of a system frame number (SFN) generated at a higher layer, a PDCCH configuration for SIB1, cell barring, cell re-selection, and subcarrier spacing, and may include at least one of a synchronization signal / PBCH (physical broadcast channel) block index generated at a physical layer. To this end, as an example, cell #1 and cell #2 may have a secondary cell and primary cell relationship.

[0159] In step S1030, the first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) can acquire synchronization for cell #1. Synchronization can be acquired by detecting a synchronization signal. Generally, synchronization is acquired prior to receiving system information, but since the system information of cell #1 is received in cell #2, the acquisition of synchronization for cell #1 can be performed after receiving system information. For example, the terminal can acquire synchronization based on system information. Alternatively, the acquisition of synchronization may be performed prior to step S1010.

[0160] In step S1050, the first node (110) may transmit a signal to connect to cell #1. For example, the signal may include a random access preamble. The structure of such a signal and the resource for transmitting the signal (e.g., a channel) may be identified through system information. Subsequently, in step S1070, the first node (110) and the second node (120) may perform a connection procedure to cell #1 and perform communication.

[0161] The procedure described with reference to FIG. 10 may be performed when the first node (110) first connects to cell #1 of the second node (120). Alternatively, a similar procedure may be performed when the first node (110) handovers to cell #1 of the second node (120). However, in the case of a handover, the system information of cell #1 may be received from a cell of a different base station other than cell #2 of the second node (120).

[0162] Communication in the THz band is expected to experience severe path loss, and to overcome this, terminals and base stations may be required to use very sharp beams. The use of sharp beams implies that terminals and base stations must perform beam control in addition to beamforming, meaning that a very large number of beams are utilized. Consequently, aligning the transmit and receive beams between the base station and the terminal takes a very long time. Furthermore, if the beam alignment between the base station and the terminal is disrupted due to the movement of the terminal, time is frequently required to realign the beams, which may lead to link instability.

[0163] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary beam management procedure to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0164] Figure 11 illustrates an example of a procedure for searching and / or selecting beams for THz communication, but this procedure is not limited to a THz environment and can also be applied in a 6G communication environment where THz communication is not applied.

[0165] Here, "beam" can be interpreted as other terms having equivalent technical meanings capable of distinguishing beams, such as "spatial domain filter," "spatial domain transmit filter," "spatial domain receive filter," reference signal (RS) resources for distinguishing beams, and SSB index.

[0166] In step S1110, the second node (120) (e.g., base station) may set resources for beam management to the first node (110) (e.g., terminal). Here, the resources may include at least one of time-frequency resources, channels, and spatial resources (e.g., antenna ports). For example, the base station may utilize a beam search signal (BSS) that is transmitted spatially separated from the existing downlink signal / channel for beam search. Here, the BSS may be transmitted based on a dedicated port for beam search. The dedicated port may be a port different from the port for transmitting the existing downlink signal / channel (e.g., SSB, PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), etc.). BSS is a term defined for convenience of explanation, and the technical concept according to the present embodiment is not limited to the term BSS itself. For example, a signal transmitted based on a dedicated port defined / set for beam search may be included in the technical concept according to the present embodiment.

[0167] In step S1130, the second node (120) (e.g., a base station) transmits measurement signals using multiple transmission beams. For example, the measurement signals may include at least one of a reference signal and a synchronization signal. At this time, the measurement signals may be transmitted as many times as the number of beams requiring measurement, and may be transmitted using a multi-beam transmission method that forms multiple beams simultaneously to reduce sweeping time. Here, multi-beam transmission may be performed based on at least one of a multi-panel, a sub-array, or a true time delay (TTD).

[0168] In step S1150, the first node (110) (e.g., a terminal) may transmit a feedback signal to the second node (120) (e.g., a base station). The feedback signal may indicate at least one beam selected by the terminal. The terminal may select at least one preferred beam based on the measurement signals received in step S1130.

[0169] In step S1170, the first node (110) and the second node (120) can communicate. For example, the second node (120) can perform transmission to the first node (110) using the receiving beam of the first node (110) selected in step S1150. If channel reciprocity is established, the transmission beam of the first node (110) can also be determined through steps S1130 and S1150, so the transmission operation from the first node (110) can also be performed using a beam that has a reciprocity relationship with the beam selected in step S1150. If channel reciprocity is not established, a procedure including the transmission of measurement signal(s) by the first node (110) and the transmission of feedback signal(s) by the second node (120) may be performed first to determine the transmission beam of the first node (110).

[0170] Non-terrestrial networks (NTN)

[0171] FIGS. 12 and FIGS. 13 show examples of NTN scenarios to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0172] NTN can represent a network or network segment that uses RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS (unmanned aerial system) platform).

[0173] Figure 12 shows an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, and Figure 13 shows an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload.

[0174] Referring to FIG. 12, the satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. The satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can be connected to a data network via the gateway. A beam footprint may refer to an area where signals transmitted by the satellite can be received.

[0175] Referring to FIG. 13, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a terminal. The satellite (or UAS platform) connected to the terminal can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via inter-satellite links (ISL). Another satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on a regenerated payload, the satellite can be connected to a data network via another satellite and a gateway. If no ISL exists between the satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required.

[0176] FIGS. 12 and 13 are merely examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerative (with on-board processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams across a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the on-board antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle.

[0177] For example, the transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered.

[0178] For example, the regeneration payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, the regeneration payload may be substantially the same as carrying all or part of the base station functions on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0179] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0180] Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (or range) of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Since radio frequency sensing capabilities do not require connecting to objects via devices within a network, they can provide services for determining object locations without the need for devices. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to various industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) that enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing may utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, such as sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing can provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks.

[0181] FIG. 14 shows examples of sensing operations to which some examples of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0182] Specifically, FIG. 14(a) illustrates an example of monostatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same position. FIG. 14(b) illustrates an example of bistatic sensing operation using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at separate positions. A sensing receiver receives a signal that is reflected or scattered by a sensing object from a sensing signal transmitted from a sensing transmitter, and can extract or acquire sensing data based on the received signal. A sensing result can be generated or determined through appropriate processing of this sensing data. The sensing result can be provided to a trusted third-party entity or service outside the 3GPP system via an entity or service within the 3GPP system.

[0183] Multiple TRP (M-TRP) related operations

[0184] FIG. 15 illustrates a multiple TRP transmission method in a wireless communication system to which the present disclosure may be applied.

[0185] Referring to FIG. 15(a), it shows a case where layer groups transmitting the same codeword (CW) / transport block (TB) correspond to different TRPs. In this case, a layer group may refer to a set of layers consisting of one or more layers. In this case, the amount of transmission resources increases due to the number of layers, which has the advantage of allowing robust channel coding with a low code rate for the TB. Additionally, since the channels differ from the multiple TRPs, the reliability of the received signal can be expected to improve based on diversity gain.

[0186] Referring to FIG. 15(b), an example is shown in which different CWs are transmitted through layer groups corresponding to different TRPs. In this case, it can be assumed that the TBs corresponding to CW #1 and CW #2 in the figure are identical. That is, CW #1 and CW #2 each represent the same TB that has been converted into different CWs through channel coding, etc., by different TRPs. Therefore, this can be viewed as an example of repeated transmission of the same TB. In the case of FIG. 15(b), compared to FIG. 15(a) mentioned earlier, there may be a disadvantage in that the code rate corresponding to the TB is high. However, it has the advantage of being able to adjust the code rate by indicating different RV (redundancy version) values ​​for the encoded bits generated from the same TB depending on the channel environment, or to adjust the modulation order of each CW.

[0187] According to the method exemplified in Figures 15 (a) and (b) above, the same TB is repeatedly transmitted through different layer groups, and as each layer group is transmitted by different TRPs / panels, the probability of data reception by the terminal can be increased. This is referred to as the SDM (Spatial Division Multiplexing) based M-TRP URLLC transmission method. Layers belonging to different layer groups are each transmitted through DMRS ports belonging to different DMRS CDM groups.

[0188] In addition, although the above description regarding multiple TRPs was explained based on the spatial division multiplexing (SDM) method using different layers, it goes without saying that this can be extended and applied to the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) method based on different frequency domain resources (e.g., RB / PRB (set), etc.) and / or the time division multiplexing (TDM) method based on different time domain resources (e.g., slot, symbol, sub-symbol, etc.).

[0189] Regarding techniques for multi-TRP-based URLLCs scheduled by a single DCI, the following techniques are being discussed.

[0190] 1) Technique 1 (SDM): Time and frequency resource allocations overlap, and n (n<=Ns) TCI states within a single slot

[0191] 1-a) Technique 1a

[0192] - At each transmission occasion, the same TB is transmitted from one layer or set of layers, and each layer or set of layers is associated with one set of TCI and one DMRS port(s).

[0193] - A single codeword with a single RV is used in all spatial layers or a set of all layers. From the UE perspective, different coded bits are mapped to different layers or a set of layers using the same mapping rules.

[0194] 1-b) Technique 1b

[0195] - At each transmission occasion, the same TB is transmitted from one layer or set of layers, and each layer or set of layers is associated with one set of TCI and one set of DMRS ports.

[0196] - A single codeword with a single RV is used in each spatial layer or in the set of each layer. The RV(s) corresponding to each spatial layer or the set of each layer may be the same or different.

[0197] 1-c) Technique 1c

[0198] - At one transmission occasion, the same TB having one DMRS port associated with multiple TCI state indices is transmitted in one layer, or the same TB having multiple DMRS ports associated one-to-one with multiple TCI state indices is transmitted in one layer.

[0199] In the case of the previously mentioned techniques 1a and 1c, the same MCS is applied to all layers or all sets of layers.

[0200] 2) Technique 2 (FDM): Frequency resource allocations do not overlap, and there are n (n<=Nf) TCI states within a single slot.

[0201] - Each non-overlapping frequency resource allocation is associated with one TCI state.

[0202] - The same single / multiple DMRS port(s) are associated with all non-overlapping frequency resource allocations.

[0203] 2-a) Technique 2a

[0204] - A single codeword with a single RV is used for all resource allocations. From the UE's perspective, common RB matching (mapping of codewords to layers) is applied in all resource allocations.

[0205] 2-b) Technique 2b

[0206] A single codeword with a single RV is used for each non-overlapping frequency resource allocation. The RVs corresponding to each non-overlapping frequency resource allocation may be the same or different.

[0207] For the aforementioned technique 2a, the same MCS is applied to all non-overlapping frequency resource allocations.

[0208] 3) Technique 3 (TDM): Time resource allocations do not overlap, and n (n<=Nt1) TCI states within a single slot

[0209] - Each transmission occasion of TB has mini-slot time granularity and has one TCI and one RV.

[0210] - A common MCS is used with a single or multiple DMRS port(s) at every transmission occasion within the slot.

[0211] - RV / TCI can be the same or different at different transmission occasions.

[0212] 4) Technique 4 (TDM): n (n<=Nt2) TCI states in K (n<=K) different slots

[0213] - Each transmission occasion of TB has one TCI and one RV.

[0214] - All transmission occasions across K slots use a common MCS with a single or multiple DMRS port(s).

[0215] - RV / TCI can be the same or different at different transmission occasions.

[0216] Downlink Multiple TRP (M-TRP) URLLC Transport Operation

[0217] The DL M-TRP URLLC transmission method refers to a method in which multiple TRPs transmit the same data / DCI using different spatial (e.g., layer / port) / time / frequency resources. For example, TRP 1 can transmit specific data / DCI from resource 1, and TRP 2 can transmit the said specific data / DCI (i.e., the same data / DCI) from resource 2.

[0218] That is, when the DL M-TRP URLLC transmission method is configured, the terminal can receive the same data / DCI using different spatial / temporal / frequency resources. At this time, the terminal can receive instructions from the base station regarding the QCL RS / type (i.e., DL TCI status) used in the spatial / temporal / frequency resources receiving the data / DCI.

[0219] For example, if the data / DCI is received from resource 1 and resource 2, the terminal may be instructed by the base station on the DL TCI status used in resource 1 and the DL TCI status used in resource 2. By receiving the data / DCI through resource 1 and resource 2, high reliability can be achieved. This M-TRP URLLC transmission method can be applied to PDSCH / PDCCH.

[0220] The UL M-TRP URLLC transmission method refers to a method in which multiple TRPs receive the same data / UCI from a single terminal using different spatial, temporal, and frequency resources. For example, TRP 1 can receive the same data / UCI from the terminal at resource 1, and TRP 2 can receive the same data / UCI from the terminal at resource 2. Additionally, TRP 1 and TRP 2 can share the data / UCI received from the terminal through a backhaul link (connected between the TRPs).

[0221] That is, when the UL M-TRP URLLC transmission method is configured, the terminal can transmit the same data / UCI to each TRP using different spatial / temporal / frequency resources. In this case, the terminal can receive instructions from the base station regarding the Tx beam and Tx power (i.e., UL TCI state) to be used in the spatial / temporal / frequency resources transmitting the same data / UCI. For example, if the same data / UCI is transmitted from Resource 1 and Resource 2, the terminal can receive instructions from the base station regarding the UL TCI state used in Resource 1 and the UL TCI state used in Resource 2. Such UL M-TRP URLLC can be applied to PUSCH / PUCCH.

[0222] In addition, in describing the present disclosure, when receiving / transmitting data / DCI / UCI through a specific space / time / frequency resource, using (or mapping) a specific TCI state (or TCI) may mean, in the case of DL, estimating a channel from DMRS using a QCL type and QCL RS indicated by a specific TCI state in a specific space / time / frequency resource, and receiving / demodulating data / DCI / UCI through the estimated channel.

[0223] And, when receiving / transmitting data / DCI / UCI through a specific space / time / frequency resource, using (or mapping) a specific TCI state (or TCI) may mean, in the case of UL, transmitting / modulating DMRS and data / UCI using the Tx beam and / or Tx power indicated by the specific TCI state in the specific space / time / frequency resource.

[0224] In addition, the UL TCI status may include the terminal's Tx beam or Tx power information. In addition, the base station may set spatial relation information, etc., for the terminal through other parameters instead of the TCI status.

[0225] For example, the UL TCI status may be indicated directly to the terminal via the UL grant DCI. Alternatively, the UL TCI status may refer to spatial relationship information of SRS resources indicated via the SRI (SRS resource indicator) field of the UL grant DCI. Alternatively, the UL TCI status may refer to an open loop (OP) Tx power control parameter associated with a value indicated via the SRI field of the UL grant DCI.

[0226] Here, the OL Tx power control parameters may include, for example, j (an index for the OP parameter(s) Po and alpha (a set of up to 32 parameter values ​​per cell), q_d (an index of the DL RS resource for the PL (path loss) measurement (up to 4 measurements per cell), or / and I (a closed-loop power control process index (up to 2 processes per cell)).

[0227] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the M-TRP eMBB transmission method refers to a method in which M-TRP transmits different data / DCIs using different spatial / temporal / frequency resources. When the M-TRP eMBB transmission method is configured, the terminal may be instructed by a plurality of TCI states from a base station via the DCI, and it may be assumed that the received data is different data by using the QCL RS indicated by each of the plurality of TCI states.

[0228] In addition, since the RNTI for M-TRP URLLC and the RNTI for M-TRP eMBB are used separately, the terminal can determine whether a specific transmission is an M-TRP URLLC transmission or an M-TRP eMBB transmission. For example, if the RNTI for URLLC is used to mask the DCI with CRC, the terminal can identify the transmission as a URLLC transmission. And, if the RNTI for eMBB is used to mask the DCI with CRC, the terminal can identify the transmission as an eMBB transmission. As another example, the base station can set the M-TRP URLLC transmission / reception method or the M-TRP eMBB transmission / reception method for the terminal through new signaling.

[0229] For convenience of explanation of the present disclosure, it has been assumed that two TRPs cooperate to perform transmission / reception operations, but this is not limited thereto. That is, the present disclosure is applicable to environments with three or more TRPs, and is also applicable to environments where transmission / reception occurs to different panels or beams from the same TRP. A terminal may recognize different TRPs as different TCI states. That a terminal transmits / DCI / UCI using TCI state 1 means that it transmits / DCI / UCI from (or to) TRP 1.

[0230] The present disclosure can be utilized in situations where an M-TRP cooperatively transmits a PDCCH (repeating or splitting the same PDCCH). Additionally, the present disclosure can be utilized in situations where an M-TRP cooperatively transmits a PDSCH or cooperatively receives a PUSCH / PUCCH.

[0231] Furthermore, in describing the present disclosure, the meaning that multiple base stations (i.e., M-TRPs) repeatedly transmit the same PDCCH may mean that the same DCI is transmitted through multiple PDCCH candidates, and is equivalent to the meaning that multiple base stations repeatedly transmit the same DCI. Here, two DCIs with the same DCI format, size, and payload may be considered as identical DCIs.

[0232] Alternatively, even if the payloads of the two DCIs are different, if the scheduling results are identical, the two DCIs can be regarded as the same DCI. For example, the time domain resource allocation (TDRA) field of a DCI can determine the slot / symbol positions of the data and the slot / symbol positions of A(ACK) / N(NACK) relatively based on the time of reception of the DCI.

[0233] In this case, if the DCI received at time n and the DCI received at time n+1 instruct the terminal to have the same scheduling result, the TDRA fields of the two DCIs will differ, and consequently, their DCI payloads will differ. Therefore, even if the payloads of the two DCIs are different, if the scheduling result is the same, the two DCIs can be considered the same DCI. Here, the number of iterations R can be directly instructed by the base station to the terminal or mutually agreed upon.

[0234] Alternatively, even if the payloads of two DCIs are different and their scheduling results are not identical, if the scheduling result of one DCI is a subset of the scheduling result of another DCI, the two DCIs can be considered the same DCI.

[0235] For example, if the same data is TDMed and transmitted N times, DCI 1 received before the first data directs (or schedules) the data to be repeated N times, and DCI 2 received before the second data directs (scheduls) the data to be repeated N-1 times. In this case, the scheduling result (or data) of DCI 2 becomes a subset of the scheduling result (or data) of DCI 1, and both DCIs have scheduling results for the same data. Therefore, even in this case, the two DCIs can be considered the same DCI.

[0236] And, in describing the present disclosure, the statement that a plurality of base stations (i.e., M-TRPs) share and transmit the same PDCCH may mean that one DCI is transmitted through one PDCCH candidate, where TRP 1 transmits some resources defined for the PDCCH candidate and TRP 2 transmits the remaining resources.

[0237] For example, when TRP 1 and TRP 2 divide and transmit PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels m1 + m2, the PDCCH candidates are divided into PDCCH candidate 1 corresponding to aggregation level m1 and PDCCH candidate 2 corresponding to aggregation level m2, and TRP 1 transmits PDCCH candidate 1 and TRP 2 transmits PDCCH candidate 2. In this case, TRP 1 and TRP 2 may transmit PDCCH candidate 1 and PDCCH candidate 2 using different time / frequency resources. After receiving PDCCH candidate 1 and PDCCH candidate 2, the terminal may generate a PDCCH candidate corresponding to aggregation level m1+m2 and attempt DCI decoding.

[0238] At this time, the method of dividing and transmitting the same DCI to multiple PDCCH candidates can be implemented in the following two ways.

[0239] The first method involves encoding the DCI payload (e.g., control information + CRC) through a single channel encoder (e.g., a polar encoder) and dividing it among two TRPs for transmission. In other words, the first method refers to a process where the coded bits obtained based on the encoding result are divided and transmitted among the two TRPs. Here, the entire DCI payload may be encoded in the coded bits transmitted by each TRP, but this is not limited to this, and only a portion of the DCI payload may be encoded.

[0240] The second method is to divide the DCI payload (e.g., control information + CRC) into two DCIs (e.g., DCI 1 and DCI 2) and then encode each through a channel encoder (e.g., a polar encoder). Afterward, each of the two TRPs can transmit the coded bits corresponding to DCI 1 and the coded bits corresponding to DCI 2 to the terminal.

[0241] That is, the meaning that multiple base stations (M-TRPs) divide / repeat the same PDCCH and transmit it over multiple monitoring occasions (MOs) may mean: 1) that the coded bits encoding the entire DCI content of the PDCCH are repeatedly transmitted through each MO for each base station (S-TRP); 2) that the coded bits encoding the entire DCI content of the PDCCH are divided into multiple parts, and that each base station (S-TRP) transmits a different part through each MO; or 3) that the DCI content of the PDCCH is divided into multiple parts, and that each base station (S-TRP) encodes a different part (i.e., separate encoding) and transmits it through each MO.

[0242] Repeating or splitting the transmission of PDCCH can be understood as transmitting the PDCCH multiple times across several TOs (transmission occasions).

[0243] Here, TO may refer to a specific time or / and frequency resource unit in which the PDCCH is transmitted. For example, if the PDCCH is transmitted multiple times across slots 1, 2, 3, and 4 (to a specific RB), TO may refer to each slot. As another example, if the PDCCH is transmitted multiple times across RB sets 1, 2, 3, and 4 (in a specific slot), TO may refer to each RB set. As yet another example, if the PDCCH is transmitted multiple times across different times and frequencies, TO may refer to each time / frequency resource. Additionally, the TCI state used for DMRS channel estimation may be set differently for each TO, and TOs with different TCI states can be assumed to have been transmitted by different TRPs / panels.

[0244] The fact that multiple base stations repeatedly transmit or split the PDCCH means that the PDCCH is transmitted across multiple TOs, and the union of the TCI states set in the corresponding TOs consists of two or more TCI states. For example, if the PDCCH is transmitted across TOs 1, 2, 3, and 4, TCI states 1, 2, 3, and 4 may be set in each of TOs 1, 2, 3, and 4, which means that TRP i has cooperatively transmitted the PDCCH from TO i.

[0245] In describing the present disclosure, the fact that a terminal repeatedly transmits the same PUSCH to a plurality of base stations (i.e., M-TRP) may mean that the terminal has transmitted the same data through a plurality of PUSCHs, and each PUSCH may be optimized for transmission to the UL channel of a different TRP.

[0246] For example, a terminal can repeatedly transmit the same data via PUSCH 1 and PUSCH 2. In this case, PUSCH 1 is transmitted using UL TCI state 1 for TRP 1, and the PUSCH can be transmitted by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 1 channel for link adaptation, such as a precoder / MCS. PUSCH 2 is transmitted using UL TCI state 2 for TRP 2, and the PUSCH can be transmitted by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 2 channel for link adaptation, such as a precoder / MCS. In this case, the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH 1 and PUSCH 2 can be transmitted at different times and can be TDM, FDM, or SDM.

[0247] In addition, in describing the present disclosure, the statement that a terminal divides and transmits the same PUSCH to multiple base stations (i.e., M-TRPs) may mean that one data is transmitted through one PUSCH, but the resources allocated to that PUSCH are divided and optimized for transmission to the UL channels of different TRPs.

[0248] For example, the terminal can transmit the same data via a 10-symbol PUSCH. In this case, the first 5 symbols of the 10 symbols can be transmitted using UL TCI state 1 for TRP 1, and the terminal can transmit the 5-symbol PUSCH (to TRP 1) by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 1 channel, such as a precoder / MCS and link adaptives. The remaining 5 symbols can be transmitted using UL TCI state 2 for TRP 2, and the terminal can transmit the remaining 5-symbol PUSCH (to TRP 2) by scheduling values ​​optimized for the TRP 2 channel, such as a precoder / MCS and link adaptives.

[0249] In the above example, a method of dividing a single PUSCH into time resources to perform TDM transmission to TRP 1 and transmission to TRP 2 was described, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the terminal may divide and transmit the same PUSCH to multiple base stations by using an FDM / SDM method.

[0250] The terminal can repeatedly transmit a PUCCH to multiple base stations (similar to PUSCH transmission) or divide and transmit the same PUCCH.

[0251] In addition, when multiple TOs are instructed to a terminal to transmit PDCCH / PDSCH / PUSCH / PUCCH repeatedly or in separate transmissions, each TO may transmit a UL toward a specific TRP or receive a DL from a specific TRP. In this case, the UL TO transmitted toward TRP 1 (or the TO of TRP 1) may refer to a TO using the first value among two spatial relations, two UL TCIs, two UL power control parameters, or two PL (pathloss)-RSs instructed to the terminal. And, the UL TO transmitted toward TRP 2 (or the TO of TRP 2) refers to a TO using the second value among two spatial relations, two UL TCIs, two UL power control parameters, and two PL-RSs instructed to the terminal.

[0252] Similarly, when transmitting DL, the DL TO transmitted by TRP 1 (or the TO of TRP 1) refers to a TO using the first value of the two DL TCI states instructed to the terminal (e.g., when two TCI states are set in CORESET), and the DL TO transmitted by TRP 2 (or the TO of TRP 2) may refer to a TO using the second value of the two DL TCI states instructed to the terminal (e.g., when two TCI states are set in CORESET).

[0253] The present disclosure can be extended to various channels such as PUSCH / PUCCH / PDSCH / PDCCH. Furthermore, the present disclosure can be extended to both cases where the channel is transmitted repeatedly over different spatial / temporal / frequency resources and cases where it is transmitted in segments.

[0254] In addition, from the perspective of DCI transmission, M-TRP transmission methods can be divided into i) M-DCI (multiple DCI) based M-TRP transmission methods, where each TRP transmits different DCIs, and ii) S-DCI (single DCI) based M-TRP transmission methods, where a single TRP transmits a DCI. For example, in the case of S-DCI, since all scheduling information for the data transmitted by the M-TRP must be conveyed through a single DCI, it can be used in an ideal BackHaul (BH) environment where dynamic cooperation between two TRPs is possible.

[0255] Improved M-TRP transmission and reception

[0256] Regarding M-TRP transmission and reception in Rel-16 NR standardization, PDSCH transmission and reception based on S-DCI-based M-TRP transmission and M-DCI-based M-TRP transmission are supported.

[0257] First, we will examine the S-DCI-based M-TRP PDSCH transmission method.

[0258] S-DCI-based M-TRP PDSCH transmission may utilize one of the SDM, FDM, or TDM methods. In the case of SDM, the base station transmits a single TB using multiple layers, but layers belonging to different DMRS CDM groups are transmitted via different transmission beams (Tx beams) (i.e., QCL RS or TCI states). This allows for an increase in the number of layers compared to the existing S-TRP transmission method, thereby improving transmission capacity. Additionally, when a single TB is transmitted using multiple layers, some layers are transmitted to TRP 1 and the remaining layers to TRP 2, which can improve channel reliability through diversity gain.

[0259] For FDM, two schemes, 2a and 2b, are supported. Here, scheme 2a transmits a single TB via multi-RB, but transmits RBs belonging to different RB groups to different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state). Scheme 2b transmits the same TB to different RB groups, but transmits RBs belonging to different RB groups to different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state). For TDM, two schemes, 3 and 4, are supported. Here, scheme 4 (i.e., inter-slot TDM) transmits the same TB repeatedly across multiple slots, but transmits slots belonging to different slot groups to different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state). On the other hand, Scheme 3 (i.e., intra-slot TDM) is a method that repeatedly transmits the same TB in multiple OFDM symbol groups, but transmits some OFDM symbol groups and the remaining OFDM symbol groups in different Tx beams (i.e., QCL RS or TCI state).

[0260] Next, we will examine the M-DCI-based M-TRP PDSCH transmission method.

[0261] M-DCI-based MTRP PDSCH transmission is a method in which each TRP schedules and transmits PDSCHs via DCI. That is, TRP 1 transmits PDSCH 1 via DCI 1, and TRP 2 transmits PDSCH 2 via DCI 2. When PDSCH 1 and PDSCH 2 overlap on the same frequency time resource, two PDSCHs are received for the same RE, thereby increasing resource efficiency and expanding transmission capacity. To achieve this, the concept of a CORESET pool, which refers to a group of multiple CORESETs, has been introduced. For example, TRP 1 transmits a PDCCH through a CORESET belonging to CORESET pool 0 and also transmits the PDSCH scheduled by that PDCCH. TRP 2 transmits a PDCCH through a CORESET belonging to CORESET pool 1 and also transmits the PDSCH scheduled by that PDCCH.

[0262] In the case of PUSCH as well, a specific TRP can schedule PUSCH transmissions to the terminal through the CORESETs belonging to each COERSET pool. For example, some PUCCH resources may be scheduled by TRP 1, and the remaining PUCCH resources may be scheduled by TRP 2. The terminal can send independent PUSCH / PUCCH to TRP 1 and 2, respectively.

[0263] Additionally, the terminal may recognize a PUSCH (or PUCCH) scheduled by a DCI received based on a different CORESET (or a CORESET belonging to a different CORESET group) as a PUSCH (or PUCCH) transmitted to a different TRP or as a PUSCH (or PUCCH) of a different TRP. Furthermore, the method for UL transmissions transmitted to different TRPs (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH) can be applied in the same way to UL transmissions transmitted to different panels belonging to the same TRP.

[0264] Additionally, the CORESET group ID (or, a COERSET pool index having the same meaning) described or mentioned in this disclosure may refer to an index or identification information (e.g., ID) for distinguishing CORESETs for each TRP / panel. Furthermore, a CORESET group may refer to a group or union of CORESETs distinguished by an index or identification information (e.g., ID) or a CORESET group ID for distinguishing CORESETs for each TRP / panel. For example, the CORESET group ID may be specific index information defined within a CORESET configuration. That is, a CORESET group may be set, indicated, or defined by an index defined within the CORESET configuration for each CORESET. And / or, the CORESET group ID may refer to an index, identification information, or indicator for distinguishing or identifying CORESETs configured or associated with each TRP / panel.

[0265] The CORESET group ID described or mentioned in this disclosure may be replaced with a specific index, specific identification information, or specific indicator for distinguishing or identifying between CORESETs set or associated with each TRP / panel. Such information may be set or indicated through higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.) and / or physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI). For example, PDCCH detection may be set or indicated for each TRP / panel at the level of the CORESET group, and UCI (e.g., CSI, HARQ-ACK / NACK, SR, etc.) and / or uplink physical channel resources (e.g., PUCCH / PRACH / SRS resources) may be set or indicated to be managed / controlled separately for each TRP / panel at the level of the CORESET group. And / or, HARQ ACK / NACK (process / retransmission) for PDSCH / PUSCH, etc., scheduled for each TRP / panel at the CORESET group level can be managed.

[0266] For example, the upper-level parameter ControlResourceSet IE (information element) is used to set a time / frequency control resource set (CORESET). The CORESET may be associated with the detection / reception of downlink control information. The ControlResourceSet IE may include a CORESET-related ID (e.g., controlResourceSetID), a CORESET pool index for the CORESET (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex), a time / frequency resource setting for the CORESET, and TCI information associated with the CORESET. For example, the index of the CORESET pool (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex) may be set to 0 or 1. In the description above in this disclosure, a CORESET group may correspond to a CORESET pool, and a CORESET group ID may correspond to a CORESET pool index (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex). The aforementioned ControlResourceSet (i.e., CORESET) can be configured via upper-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling).

[0267] Additionally, regarding M-TRP transmission and reception in the Rel-17 NR standardization, M-TRP PDCCH / PDSCH SFN transmission, S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH repeated transmission, and single PUCCH resource-based M-TRP PUCCH repeated transmission are supported. These transmission techniques involve the repeated transmission of the same content (i.e., DCI / UL TB / UCI, etc.) as an improvement to the URLLC target for increased reliability. Here, M-TRP PDCCH repeated transmission is performed based on TDM or FDM, M-TRP PDCCH / PDSCH SFN transmission is performed at the same time / frequency / layer, S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH repeated transmission is performed based on TDM, and single PUCCH resource-based M-TRP PUCCH repeated transmission is performed based on TDM.

[0268] First, we will examine the S-DCI-based M-TRP PDCCH iterative transmission method.

[0269] In the NR Rel-17 standardization, for M-TRP PDCCH repetitive transmission, multiple CORESETs with different TCI states (i.e., different QCL RS) are configured for the terminal, and multiple SS (Search Space) sets are configured, each connected to a corresponding CORESET. The base station can indicate / configure to the terminal that the SS set connected to one CORESET is linked to the SS set connected to another CORESET for repetitive transmission. Through this, the terminal can know that the PDCCH candidates of the corresponding SS set are being repetitively transmitted.

[0270] For example, two CORESETs, CORESET 0 and CORESET 1, are configured for the terminal, and CORESET 0 and CORESET 1 are connected to SS set 0 and SS set 1, respectively, and SS set 0 and SS set 1 may be linked. The terminal can recognize that the same DCI is repeatedly transmitted in the PDCCH candidate of SS set 0 and the PDCCH candidate of SS set 1, and can recognize that a specific PDCCH candidate of SS set 0 and a specific PDCCH candidate of SS set 1 are a pair configured to repeatedly transmit the same DCI based on a specific rule. These two PDCCH candidates are referred to as linked PDCCH candidates, and the terminal can successfully decode the corresponding DCI if it appropriately receives either of the two PDCCH candidates. However, when the terminal receives a PDCCH candidate of SS set 0, it may use the QCL RS of the TCI state of COERSET 0 connected to SS set 0 (i.e., the DL beam), and when it receives a PDCCH candidate of SS set 1, it may use the QCL RS of the TCI state of COERSET 1 connected to SS set 1 (i.e., the DL beam). Accordingly, the terminal receives the associated PDCCH candidates using different beams.

[0271] Next, we will examine the M-TRP SFN PDCCH / PDSCH transmission method.

[0272] As a form of M-TRP PDCCH repetitive transmission, multiple TRPs can repeatedly transmit the same DCI through the same time / frequency / DMRS port, and this transmission method can be referred to as SFN PDCCH transmission. However, for SFN PDCCH transmission, instead of configuring multiple CORESETs with different TCI states, the base station configures multiple TCI states in a single CORESET. When a terminal receives a PDCCH candidate through an SS set connected to that single CORESET, it can utilize all of the multiple TCI states to perform channel estimation of the PDCCH DMRS and attempt decoding.

[0273] Additionally, when the above-described M-TRP PDSCH is repeatedly transmitted, the two TRPs repeatedly transmit the corresponding channel to different resources. However, if the resources used by the two TRPs are identical, that is, if the same channel is repeatedly transmitted through the same frequency / time / layer (i.e., DMRS port), the reliability of the channel can be improved. In this case, since the resources of the repeatedly transmitted same channel are not distinguished, they are combined and received during transmission (i.e., air), so from the perspective of the receiving end (e.g., terminal), it may be recognized as a single channel (e.g., composite channel). For SFN PDSCH transmission, two DL TCI states for PDSCH DMRS reception may be configured for the terminal.

[0274] Next, we examine the S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH iterative transmission method.

[0275] In the NR Rel-17 standardization, for S-DCI-based M-TRP PUSCH transmission, the base station sets two SRS sets for the terminal, each set used to indicate the UL Tx port and UL beam / QCL information for TRP 1 and TRP 2, respectively. Additionally, the base station uses two SRI fields included in a single DCI to indicate SRS resources for each SRS resource set and can indicate up to two PC parameter sets. For example, the first SRI field can indicate the SRS resources and PC parameter sets defined in SRS resource set 0, and the second SRI field can indicate the SRS resources and PC parameter sets defined in SRS resource set 1. The terminal can receive the UL Tx port, PC parameter set, and UL beam / QCL information for TRP 1 through the first SRI field, and thereby the terminal performs PUSCH transmission at the TO corresponding to SRS resource set 0. Similarly, the terminal can be instructed by the UL Tx port, PC parameter set, and UL beam / QCL information for TRP 2 through the second SRI field, and thereby the terminal performs a PUSCH transmission at the TO corresponding to SRS resource set 1.

[0276] Next, we examine the single PUCCH resource-based M-TRP PUCCH iterative transmission method.

[0277] In the NR Rel-17 standardization, for M-TRP PUCCH transmission based on a single PUCCH resource, a base station may enable / configure two spatial relation infos to the terminal on the single PUCCH resource (or enable / configure two PC parameter sets if it is FR1). When a UL UCI is transmitted through the said PUCCH resource, each spatial relation info is used to instruct the terminal on the spatial relation info for TRP 1 and TRP 2, respectively. For example, through the value indicated by the first spatial relation info, the terminal is instructed on the Tx beam / PC parameter(s) for TRP 1, and the terminal uses this information to perform PUCCH transmission at the TO corresponding to TRP 1. Similarly, through the value indicated by the second spatial relation info, the terminal is instructed on the Tx beam / PC parameter(s) for TRP 2, and the terminal uses this information to perform PUCCH transmission at the TO corresponding to TRP 2.

[0278] In addition, for repeated M-TRP PUCCH transmission, the configuration method has been improved so that two spatial relation infos can be configured in the PUCCH resource. That is, if power control (PC) parameters such as PLRS, Alpha, P0, and Closed loop index are configured in each spatial relation info, a spatial relation RS can be configured. Consequently, PC information and spatial relation RS information corresponding to two TRPs can be configured through the two spatial relation infos. Through this, the terminal transmits a UCI (i.e., CSI, ACK / NACK, SR, etc.) PUCCH using the first spatial relation info in the first TO, and transmits the same UCI PUCCH using the second spatial relation info in the second TO. In the present disclosure, a PUCCH resource with two spatial relation infos configured is referred to as an M-TRP PUCCH resource, and a PUCCH resource with one spatial relation info configured is referred to as an S-TRP PUCCH resource.

[0279] In addition, in an NR wireless communication system, S-DCI-based multi-TB PUSCH / PDSCH scheduling may be considered. For example, in the ultra-high frequency band (e.g., beyond 5.26 GHz, FR2 band) of an NR wireless communication system (e.g., a Rel-17-based NR system), a method in which a single DCI simultaneously schedules multiple PUSCHs / PDSCHs may be supported.

[0280] As a specific example, multiple time resources (e.g., TDRA, TO (Transmission Occasion)) can be indicated simultaneously through the time resource allocation field (e.g., TDRA field) of the DCI scheduling PUSCH. In this case, different TBs can be transmitted via PUSCH for each TO. The values ​​of the frequency resource allocation field (e.g., FDRA field), the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) field, the Transmitted Precoding Matrix Indicator (TPMI) field, and / or the SRS Resource Indicator (SRI) field of the corresponding DCI can be applied commonly to multiple TBs being scheduled. Additionally, the New Data Indicator (NDI) and Redundancy Version (RV) for each TB are indicated individually through the corresponding DCI, and while a single HARQ number is indicated, it can increase sequentially in the order of TOs based on the initial TO.

[0281] STxMP (simultaneous transmission for multiple panels)

[0282] In addition, regarding NR wireless communication systems, a method in which a terminal simultaneously transmits multiple channels / RS of the same type or multiple channels / RS of different types may be considered.

[0283] In the case of existing terminals, the operation of transmitting multiple channels / RSs at a single time was limited. For example, a terminal can simultaneously transmit multiple SRS resources from different sets of SRS resources for UL beam management, but cannot simultaneously transmit multiple PUSCHs. In contrast, future advanced terminals may be considered to relax the above limitations and transmit multiple channels / RSs simultaneously using multiple transmission panels. Such a terminal may be referred to as an STxMP (simultaneous transmission across multi-panel) terminal.

[0284] For example, a method may be applied in which two PUSCHs corresponding to two UL TBs (i.e., a first PUSCH and a second PUSCH) are scheduled in the same RE (resource element), and a first spatial information RS and a first PC (power control) parameter set are set for the first PUSCH, and a second spatial information RS and a second PC parameter set are set for the second PUSCH. That is, a first UL TCI state may be set for the first PUSCH, and a second UL TCI state may be set for the second PUSCH. In this case, the terminal may transmit the first PUSCH using a first Tx spatial filter (e.g., a first panel) corresponding to the first UL TCI state, and transmit the second PUSCH using a second Tx spatial filter (e.g., a second panel) corresponding to the second UL TCI state.

[0285] In this regard, when a base station schedules a PUSCH via DCI, the base station may instruct the terminal on which of the following to apply as the PUSCH transmission method: STxMP, a single panel-based method, or an M-TRP-based PUSCH iterative transmission method. Here, the STxMP method is possible only if the terminal supports STxMP capability, and the STxMP mode must be enabled in advance for the terminal through RRC signaling, etc. To this end, the existing SRS resource set indication field may be redefined, or a new DCI field may be introduced.

[0286] Additionally, regarding the aforementioned STxMP transmission method, two methods can be considered: the SFN (single frequency network) method and the SDM (spatial division multiplexing) method.

[0287] Specifically, the SFN method is a method of transmitting the same channel as transmitted from one panel to another panel. In this case, since the UL channels of each panel may differ, UL transmission can be performed by using different precoders, different transmission powers, and different transmission beams (e.g., spatial relationship RS indicated by UL TCI status) for each panel, taking this into consideration.

[0288] The SDM method is a method applicable to transmissions based on ranks greater than or equal to 2, in which some layers of a multi-layer system are transmitted from one panel and the remaining layers are transmitted from another panel. For example, in the case of an SDM method for 2-layer transmission, the first layer may be transmitted from the first panel and the second layer may be transmitted from the second panel. In this case, since the UL channels of each panel may differ, UL transmission may be performed by taking this into account and using different precoders, different transmission powers, and different transmission beams (e.g., spatial relationship RS indicated by the UL TCI status) for each panel.

[0289] The panels described in this disclosure may be replaced with other resources / terms corresponding to the panels.

[0290] For example, different panels may be mapped to different SRS resource sets or SRS resources. As a specific example, the first panel may be mapped to SRS resource set 0, and the second panel may be mapped to SRS resource set 1. In this case, the SRS resource(s) belonging to SRS resource set 0 may be associated with the (transmitting) antenna port of the first panel, and the SRS resource(s) belonging to SRS resource set 1 may be associated with the (transmitting) antenna port of the second panel.

[0291] In this regard, other resources / terms corresponding to panels are used. For example, different panels may be mapped to different sets of SRS resources or SRS resources. For example, the first panel is mapped to SRS resource set 0 and the second panel is mapped to SRS resource set 1, and the SRS resources of SRS resource set 0 may refer to the transmitting antenna port of the first panel and the SRS resources of SRS resource set 1 may refer to the transmitting antenna port of the second panel.

[0292] DCI scheduling methods for STxMP PUSCH can be broadly classified into two types. S-DCI-based STxMP is a method in which a single DCI performs PUSCH scheduling for STxMP transmission, and transmission can be performed using a pre-configured technique (e.g., SFN or SDM) through RRC settings. M-DCI-based STxMP is a method in which different DCIs schedule the PUSCH transmitted by each panel. That is, assuming there are two panels, the first DCI schedules PUSCH 1 transmitted by Panel 1, and the second DCI schedules PUSCH 2 transmitted by Panel 2. In this case, the first DCI is transmitted through the CORESET corresponding to CORESET pool index = 0, and the second DCI can be transmitted through the CORESET corresponding to CORESET pool index = 1. PUSCH 1 can be transmitted using the port of the SRS resource of SRS resource set 0, and PUSCH 2 can be transmitted using the port of the SRS resource of SRS resource set 1.

[0293] In the case of STxMP PUCCH, if a single PUCCH resource is configured to have two UL TCI states or two Joint TCI states applied, the PUCCH resource can be transmitted via SFN STxMP. Otherwise, if a single UL TCI state or one Joint TCI state is configured to apply, the PUCCH resource can be transmitted via a single panel.

[0294] In this regard, UL panels may be represented in a one-to-one correspondence with a specific set of SRS resources, UL TCI states, joint TCI states, spatial relation RS, TAG, or panel ID. For example, if SRS resource sets 0 and 1 are configured, a PUSCH transmission using SRS resource set 0 is transmitted through panel 0, and a PUSCH transmission using SRS resource set 1 can be transmitted through panel 1. Similarly, if two UL TCI states are configured, a PUSCH transmission with the first UL TCI state is transmitted through panel 0, and a PUSCH transmission with the second UL TCI state is transmitted through panel 1. In a similar manner, if two joint TCI states, spatial relation RS, TAG, or panel ID, etc. are configured, they may be mapped to and used with panel 0 and panel 1, respectively.

[0295] CSI report initiated by the terminal

[0296] In wireless communication systems, uplink control information at Layer 1 (e.g., the physical layer) has the advantage of having a smaller transmission delay compared to control information at higher layers. For instance, in order for a terminal to transmit information to a base station via MAC-CE or RRC messages, the terminal's SR (scheduling request) procedure and the base station's PUSCH allocation procedure (based on the SR) may be required, which may result in delays and overhead. Furthermore, generally, the higher the layer of information, the longer the time required to decode the information (e.g., decoding time, processing time). Additionally, to transmit Layer 1 UL control information, UL physical channel resources (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH) must be configured or allocated to the corresponding terminal. In other words, from the perspective of the network (NW) (or base station), as the number of terminals (UE) increases, the amount of UL resources that must be allocated to each terminal increases, which can lead to greater overhead regarding the overall utilization of UL resources.

[0297] Therefore, in a wireless communication system, information that must be transmitted relatively urgently for the operation of the physical layer (e.g., SR (for PUSCH allocation), HARQ-ACK (for retransmission), CSI (for scheduling, MCS, and precoder determination), and beam information (for digital / analog beam determination)) is transmitted as physical layer uplink control information (UCI). Among the information in such examples, excluding SR, the network (or base station) determines / controls the timing of information reporting by the terminal.

[0298] However, network-initiated / triggered reporting has a limitation in that terminals must be configured / instructed to transmit UCIs frequently in environments where the wireless channel is likely to change rapidly. In other words, in such environments, the overhead of UL resources for UCI reporting and the associated RS overhead for DL ​​measurements increase, and problems may arise where the terminal's power consumption increases due to frequent UL transmission. Additionally, as the number of terminals within the cell / TRP coverage increases, the overhead for UL resources increases because UL resources must be allocated to each terminal.

[0299] To overcome the limitations of reporting initiated / triggered by the network as described above, reporting methods initiated / triggered by the terminal and / or event-based / triggered reporting methods may be considered. In the case of reporting methods initiated / triggered by the terminal and / or event-based / triggered reporting methods, whether to report and / or the timing of the report can be determined by the terminal. That is, by having the terminal perform the relevant report (e.g., UCI reporting) only when necessary (e.g., when a specific event occurs), UL resource overhead and terminal power consumption can be reduced. Additionally, since information is reported based on a lower layer (e.g., Layer 1), there is a technical effect of enabling rapid reporting to the network.

[0300] Based on the aforementioned objectives, a method for beam reporting initiated / triggered by a terminal is being considered. Furthermore, in next-generation communication systems, for the efficient operation of uplink resources, transmission methods initiated / triggered by terminals and / or event-based transmission methods may be extended and applied to the transmission of control information, transmission blocks, user-plane data, etc., which were previously transmitted via existing UCI (uplink control information) and / or MAC-CE.

[0301] In this regard, there are representative reporting methods, such as scheduling request (SR) and beam failure recovery (BFR), as event-based or terminal-initiated / triggered reporting information. SR is a method of reporting whether a PUSCH allocation is required for UL-SCH transmission, and BFR is a method of reporting whether a BF has occurred and information related to a new beam. Such information may be transmitted in an explicit or implicit manner (e.g., by transmitting a new beam index as PRACH resource selection information) and may be transmitted at once or in installments through one or multiple (e.g., two) UL resources. For example, such information may be transmitted via BFRQ in PUCCH and beam information via MAC-CE on PUSCH. In this disclosure, information transmitted to the network through event-based and / or terminal-initiated / triggered transmission methods as described above (e.g., SR, BFRQ, new beam information, etc.) is referred to as "event information" for the convenience of explanation.

[0302] The CSI reporting method supported by existing wireless communication systems is a method initiated / triggered by the network. As communication systems evolve, high-precision CSI reporting is supported, but because the amount of CSI information that must be sent at once increases due to high precision / granularity, the amount of UL resources (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, etc.) required for CSI reporting increases.

[0303] For example, a method of performing event-based CSI reporting via UCI or MAC-CE may be considered. When reporting via UCI or MAC-CE, if a UL resource capable of sending the information (e.g., available UL SCH) is not allocated / configured, a request for PUSCH / PUCCH allocation to the base station may be made through a procedure such as SR. In this disclosure, for convenience of explanation, a UL resource requesting a PUSCH / PUCCH allocation for CSI reporting corresponding to an event may be referred to as the first resource, and a UL resource performing the CSI reporting may be referred to as the second resource. A terminal may report whether an event has occurred to the base station via the first resource. Subsequently, if the base station wishes to receive a CSI report regarding the event, it may trigger an aperiodic (AP) CSI report for the CSI via DCI and schedule the second resource. The terminal may report the CSI from the UL resource scheduled via DCI (e.g., the second resource).

[0304] As another example, a base station may pre-configure / assign a UL resource (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH) for the event-based reporting to a terminal. When performing UCI / MAC-CE-based CSI reporting through the UL resource, the base station may always need to monitor this because the terminal can perform CSI reporting through the UL resource at any time. To reduce such overhead, the terminal may be configured to notify the base station in advance that it will perform transmission from the UL resource through a separate UL resource (e.g., short PUCCH, SR PUCCH, PRACH) (which has small overhead). In this disclosure, for convenience of explanation, a separate UL resource supporting a small payload size may be referred to as the first resource, and a UL resource performing CSI reporting may be referred to as the second resource. For example, a PUCCH or PRACH resource capable of transmitting information of about 1 to several bits may be considered as a first resource, and a PUCCH or PUSCH resource capable of transmitting information of tens of bits or more (e.g., a resource for a set grant or semi-continuous CSI) may be considered as a second resource. As mentioned above, the first resource is not always required, and CSI reporting using only the second resource may be possible when the base station is not burdened with UL resource monitoring and / or the amount of the second resource is not large.

[0305] The report quantity of CSI based on the aforementioned method may include not only traditional channel state information such as CRI / RI / PMI / CQI / LI, but also beam information such as CSI-RS index and / or L1-RSRP, CSI-RS index and / or L1-SINR, SSB index and / or L1-RSRP, SSB index and / or L1-SINR, etc. Additionally, the report quantity may include explicit feedback information regarding the measured channel / interference. For example, this may be a value obtained by quantizing the eigenvector and eigenvalue of the measured channel, or a value obtained by appropriately decomposing the measured channel to quantize only the meaningful channel information. Furthermore, this may be a value obtained by compressing and quantizing the channel information to reduce payload.

[0306] A beam reporting method initiated by a terminal considering the M-TRP / STxMP technique

[0307] The present disclosure relates to beam management (BM), and in particular to a beam reporting method that takes into account a multi-transfer point (Multi-TRP, M-TRP) and multiple panels (MP) environment, and a terminal-initiated (UE-initiated, UEI) beam reporting operation that improves upon the same (e.g., terminal-led beam reporting operation).

[0308] Looking at prior art (e.g., 3GPP Rel-17), group-based beam reporting operation for L1-RSRP was introduced. Specifically, a single CSI report may include N beam pairs and M beams per pair, and beams within the same pair may be received simultaneously. Here, the N_max value may be defined by the terminal capability as one of {1, 2, 3, 4}, and the M value may be set to 2.

[0309] In addition, channel measurement resource (CMR) configuration is performed, and each beam pair reported within a single CSI report includes two CRI / SSBRI values ​​belonging to different CMR resource sets. Furthermore, a differential L1-RSRP reporting method may be introduced as a UCI reduction technique, in which case a 1-bit indicator may be included to indicate the CMR set having the largest RSRP value among all groups.

[0310] In addition, for MTRP-based STxMP beam reporting in the uplink, as an extension of the aforementioned group-based beam reporting, it is possible to determine whether CRI / SSBRI pairs reported based on the terminal's capability are capable of simultaneous transmission and reception or simultaneous transmission in order to support STxMP. Meanwhile, in uplink STxMP beam reporting, a UE capability value index (hereinafter referred to as C-ID) is defined, and the terminal can report the number of C-IDs it possesses. Accordingly, the terminal can report together the CRI / SSBRI associated with the best N base station transmit beams, the reception quality value of the corresponding reference signal (RS) (e.g., L1-RSRP or L1-SINR), and the corresponding C-ID.

[0311] However, in environments with high terminal mobility or significant movement of objects around the terminal, these conventional beam measurement and reporting procedures need to be performed frequently to enable the terminal to quickly search for the optimal beam. Consequently, this leads to problems such as increased overhead of the reference signal (RS) and significantly increased implementation complexity and power consumption due to measurement and reporting on the terminal side.

[0312] To address the aforementioned problems, the present disclosure proposes a beam reporting operation initiated by a terminal. That is, instead of performing periodic / continuous beam measurement and reporting in a preset manner, the terminal performs beam reporting only when it detects a degradation in the quality of the currently applied beam or determines the need for a beam change. Through this, the terminal reduces unnecessary measurement and reporting, and the base station can perform beam instruction in a timely manner based on the reported results.

[0313] In this regard, the terminal initiation beam reporting operation according to the present disclosure can be standardized for FR2 and intra-cell / inter-cell STRP environments by assuming an integrated TCI and making full use of the existing CSI measurement and reporting configuration framework. To this end, when the terminal determines that a beam change is necessary, it may transmit an event-based beam report via a UL signal, and the content of the UL signal and the container structure to support fast beam switching may be defined. Considering the event-driven characteristics of the terminal, it may be efficient to design such a UL signal primarily for the purpose of beam reporting.

[0314] Hereinafter, the terminal start beam reporting method proposed in the present disclosure will be described in detail.

[0315] The channel environment may change due to changes in the DL / UL channel caused by the rapid movement of the terminal, terminal rotation (UE rotation), movement / change of the radio wave reflector, and movement of the base station (e.g., drone base station). As the channel environment changes, information regarding simultaneous reception-capable UL beams, simultaneous transmission-capable UL beams, and simultaneous transmission-capable beams reported by the terminal may easily become outdated over time and no longer valid.

[0316] In the present disclosure, such a change in situation is defined as an event, and a base station is configured to report the event to a terminal, and accordingly, a method is proposed for the terminal to report the event when the event occurs.

[0317] Before specifically describing the proposed method of the present disclosure, a method for a base station to instruct a terminal on beam information is described. Generally, a base station may set information to the terminal regarding a current or serving DL / UL beam applied to a DL / UL channel or RS. Such beam information may be defined as a TCI state, and the QCL type and RS set within the said TCI state may represent beam information applied by the terminal for transmission and reception.

[0318] For example, in the standard of an existing wireless communication system (e.g., NR standard), the reference signal and QCL type (e.g., QCL type D) set in the DL TCI state can represent information about the DL beam, the RS set in the UL TCI state can represent information about the UL beam, and the RS set in the joint TCI state can represent information about both the DL beam and the UL beam.

[0319] In future specifications for next-generation wireless communication systems (e.g., 6G specifications), the beam information may be configured in a form other than the TCI state. For example, in the case of DL, it may be replaced with a DL panel ID, DL beam ID, etc., and in the case of UL, it may be replaced with a UL panel ID, UL beam ID, spatial relation RS, etc., and the beam information may also be defined in any other form. Therefore, although the present disclosure is described based on the TCI state, the proposed method can be applied in the same way even when the beam information is configured in a new form.

[0320] Additionally, as used in this specification, "current / serving beam" refers to a beam that the terminal applies to the current DL / UL channel and DL / UL RS transmission and reception. Although this disclosure is based on the assumption of an M-TRP situation where multiple current / serving beams are set, it can be extended to an S-TRP situation where only one current / serving beam is set.

[0321] The embodiments described below are distinguished for convenience and clarity of explanation, and a method / operation of one embodiment may be applied in combination with a method / operation of another embodiment, and methods / operations may be applied independently / individually among the embodiments.

[0322] Example 1

[0323] This embodiment relates to a method for defining events based on the status of current / serving beams and for a terminal to report the occurrence of an event based thereon.

[0324] An event can be defined for each of the following cases, and when such an event occurs, the terminal can report information about the occurrence of the event to the base station.

[0325] - Case 1-1. Case where simultaneous reception of multiple current / DL serving beams is not possible. For example, multiple current / DL serving beams may correspond to beams based on multiple DL TCI states (indicated by DL DCI).

[0326] - Case 1-2. Cases where simultaneous transmission of multiple current / UL serving beams is not possible. For example, multiple current / UL serving beams may correspond to beams based on multiple UL TCI states (indicated by DL DCI).

[0327] - Case 1-3. Cases where simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple current / serving DL and UL beams is not possible. For example, multiple current / serving DL and UL beams may correspond to beams based on multiple joint TCI states (indicated by the DL DCI). Such cases may include cases where simultaneous transmission and reception of both DL and UL beams is not possible, cases where simultaneous reception of DL beams is not possible, and / or cases where simultaneous transmission of UL beams is not possible.

[0328] When a base station transmits a DL channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH) or RS to a terminal via the DL M-TRP transmission method, the base station may instruct the terminal to provide information regarding multiple serving beams. In this regard, the base station may receive information regarding beams that can be simultaneously received from the terminal in advance, and may instruct the terminal to provide information regarding serving beams to the desired beams among them via DCI. For example, the base station instructs the terminal to multiple DL TCI states via DCI, and the terminal may receive M-TRP signals by applying a simultaneous reception technique for the DL beams set in each DL TCI state.

[0329] If simultaneous reception of such (DL) serving beams is not possible, the terminal cannot receive the DL signal normally, and the base station must consume resources (e.g., time / frequency resources) to identify the cause of the failure to receive the DL. For example, if the terminal fails to receive the PDSCH normally, a retransmission attempt is made through the HARQ procedure. During this process, the base station can receive CSI feedback from the terminal again and perform actions such as adjusting the MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme). However, there is a problem in that time and frequency resources are unnecessarily consumed in identifying the cause and performing these retransmission procedures.

[0330] To solve this problem, the present disclosure proposes a method for a terminal to report to a base station when it recognizes that multiple DL beams are simultaneously unavailable for reception. Through this, the base station can more quickly identify the terminal's beam reception availability status and prevent unnecessary retransmission attempts and additional resource consumption.

[0331] Additionally, the proposal of the present disclosure may be extended to UL M-TRP (or STxMP) transmission schemes.

[0332] When a base station transmits a UL channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH) or RS to a terminal via the UL M-TRP transmission method, the base station may instruct the terminal to provide information regarding multiple serving beams. In this regard, the base station may receive information from the terminal in advance regarding beams that can be transmitted simultaneously, and may instruct the terminal to provide information regarding serving beams to the desired beams among them via DCI. For example, the base station may instruct the terminal to multiple UL TCI states via DCI, and the terminal may transmit an M-TRP signal by applying a simultaneous transmission technique for the UL beam set in each UL TCI state.

[0333] If simultaneous transmission of such (UL) serving beams is not possible, the terminal cannot transmit the UL signal normally, and the base station must consume resources (e.g., time / frequency resources) to identify the cause of the failure to receive the UL. For example, if the terminal fails to receive the PUSCH normally, a retransmission attempt is made through the HARQ procedure. During this process, the base station can receive CSI feedback from the terminal again and perform operations such as adjusting the MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme). However, there is a problem in that time and frequency resources are unnecessarily consumed in identifying the cause and performing these retransmission procedures.

[0334] To solve this problem, the present disclosure proposes a method for a terminal to report to a base station when it recognizes that multiple UL beams are simultaneously unavailable for reception. Through this, the base station can more quickly identify the terminal's beam transmission capability and prevent unnecessary retransmission attempts and additional resource consumption.

[0335] Additionally, the proposal of the present disclosure may be extended to DL M-TRP and UL M-TRP (or STxMP) transmission methods through the indication of multiple joint TCI states.

[0336] For example, if the DL and UL beams indicated by joint TCI states are in a state where simultaneous transmission and reception are impossible, the terminal may report such state to the base station. Alternatively, even if the state where simultaneous reception of the DL and UL beams is possible but simultaneous transmission is impossible, the terminal may report such state to the base station. Alternatively, even if the state where simultaneous transmission of the DL and UL beams is possible but simultaneous reception is impossible, the terminal may report such state to the base station.

[0337] For each of the aforementioned proposed cases (e.g., Case 1-1, Case 1-2, Case 1-3), an event may be defined, and when an event occurs, the terminal may report information that an event has occurred to the base station through a pre-secured / configured periodic UL resource (e.g., periodic (P) / semi-persistent (SP) PUCCH or CG (configured grant) PUSCH). Different UL resources may be configured for each event to distinguish between events, or even if the same UL resource is shared, an event ID / report ID, etc. may be defined to distinguish between events, and the corresponding report may be performed through the UL resource. This method may be extended and applied not only to Embodiment 1 but also to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0338] Additionally, to ensure the reliability of the aforementioned event reporting, it may be configured / defined not to report the event when it occurs once, but to report the event when it occurs M times during a specific period. For example, if there are M instances where simultaneous reception by the corresponding serving beams is impossible within a specific time interval (e.g., k slots / symbols) from the time the event first occurs, the terminal may report the event. Alternatively, the terminal may be configured / defined to report the event when the event occurs M times consecutively. The specific time, M value, etc. related thereto may be set to the terminal by the base station. This method may be extended and applied not only to Embodiment 1 but also to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0339] Additionally, after reporting an event, the terminal may, as a subsequent action, select new DL / UL / joint beams capable of simultaneous reception / transmission / transmission / reception from among preset candidate beams and report information about them through preset UL resources. Alternatively, the base station may set / instruct the terminal to report new DL / UL / joint beams by triggering group-based beam reporting into aperioditic (AP) reporting. This method may be extended to other embodiments of the present disclosure as well as to Embodiment 1.

[0340] As the number of TRPs participating in the M-TRP transmission / reception method increases, the number of serving DL / UL beams increases. For example, when N TRPs cooperate, the terminal is instructed to N serving beams, and in this case, there may be instances where simultaneous reception or simultaneous transmission cannot be performed for only some of the N serving beams. For example, if N is 8, there may be instances where simultaneous reception is impossible for only 1 serving beam out of 8 serving beams, while simultaneous reception is possible for the remaining 2 serving beams. In this case, the terminal may report information to the base station regarding the beam(s) that cannot be simultaneously received and / or the number of beams that cannot be simultaneously received. Based on this, the base station transmits the DL signal using only the serving beams that are still simultaneous reception possible, and the terminal can receive the DL signal using those beams. Therefore, operation can be performed without a re-report from the terminal regarding the beams that can be simultaneously received. The method can be extended and applied not only to Example 1 but also to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0341] In this embodiment, the event trigger condition may be changed depending on the DL / UL transmission mode or DL / UL transmission technique configured / activated by the base station. For example, in the case of the M-TRP FDM repetition technique or the SFN technique, since only a loss of reliability (e.g., the effect of reducing the number of repetitions) may exist even if simultaneous transmission and reception for some of the N serving beams is impossible, the condition may be subdivided so that the terminal reports the occurrence of an event only when simultaneous transmission and reception for M or more beams among the N serving beams is impossible. On the other hand, in the case of the M-TRP TDM repetition technique, since no problem occurs even when simultaneous transmission and reception is impossible, the terminal may not report the occurrence of an event even when multiple serving beams are indicated. Additionally, in the case of CJT, NCJR, UL SDM STxMP, since a problem occurs in transmission and reception if the condition for simultaneous transmission and reception is impossible for even one of the N serving beams, the terminal may report the occurrence of an event if simultaneous transmission and reception is impossible for even one of the N serving beams.

[0342] Example 2

[0343] The present embodiment relates to a method for defining an event based on the status of serving beams indicated by a TCI status instruction, determining the occurrence of an event based on this, and reporting information about it to a base station.

[0344] Up to 128 TCI states are set via RRC, and some TCI states can be connected to codepoints in the TCI instruction field within the DCI via MAC CE. TCI states connected to codepoints via MAC CE (or TCI states activated via MAC CE) are referred to as activated TCI states or activated beams.

[0345] For example, as shown in Table 1, TCI state combinations for the eight code points of the TCI instruction field can be set via MAC CE, and the base station can indicate serving beam(s) through the corresponding field in the DCI.

[0346] Code Point TCI State Combination 000 TCI State 1001 TCI State 1, 2010 TCI State 1, 2, 3011 TCI State 2, 3100 TCI State 4101 TCI State 5110 TCI State 6111 TCI State 4, 5

[0347] Referring to Table 1, 001, 010, 011, and 111 each indicate multiple TCI states, so they may be code points for M-TRP transmission and reception. If simultaneous reception / transmission is impossible for each of the code points for M-TRP transmission / reception configured in this way, the terminal may report such information to the base station. That is, if simultaneous reception / transmission is impossible for the beam set corresponding to each of 001, 010, 011, and 111 configured for M-TRP, the terminal may report the occurrence of an event and may also report information regarding which beam set among 001, 010, 011, and 111 is unable to receive / transmit simultaneously. Upon receiving this, the base station must not designate the corresponding beam set (or code point) as a serving beam. Alternatively, the terminal may expect the base station not to designate the corresponding beam set (or code point).

[0348] If the TCI state(s) of the corresponding code point are in the DL TCI state, an event may occur if simultaneous reception of the corresponding beam(s) is impossible. If the TCI state(s) of the corresponding code point are in the UL TCI state, an event may occur if simultaneous transmission of the corresponding beam(s) is impossible. If the TCI state(s) of the corresponding code point are in the Joint TCI state, an event may occur if simultaneous transmission and reception of the corresponding beam(s) is impossible.

[0349] Additionally, DL TCI status, UL TCI status, and / or joint TCI status may be defined together at a single code point. In this case, an event may occur if simultaneous reception of DL beams indicated by the DL TCI status and the joint TCI status is impossible. An event may occur if simultaneous transmission of UL beams indicated by the UL TCI status and the joint TCI status is impossible. Events for DL ​​beams and events for UL beams may be reported separately.

[0350] Example 3

[0351] The present embodiment relates to a method in which, when the quality metric (e.g., L1-RSRP / L1-SINR, etc.) of current / DL serving beams falls below a threshold value, the terminal determines this as the occurrence of an event and reports information about this to the base station.

[0352] For example, if the quality of the DL serving beams corresponding to M-TRP deteriorates, the terminal can quickly report this information to the base station so that the base station can use other DL beam(s) instead of the DL beams.

[0353] At this time, it may be ambiguous which beam(s) among the multiple serving beams should be compared to the threshold. If the method of comparing DL beam quality metrics is left to the terminal implementation, different criteria may be applied depending on the terminal. For example, a specific terminal may perform a comparison based on the best beam, worst beam, or median beam, while another terminal may perform a comparison based on the average quality metric of multiple beams. Since different comparison criteria may be applied for each terminal in this way, a problem arises in that even if a terminal reports a specific event, it is difficult for the base station to clearly determine exactly what meaning that event has.

[0354] To address this problem, a method may be applied in which each terminal reports to the base station, as terminal capability information, what comparison method it applies. Alternatively, specific comparison criteria may be defined in the specifications. Accordingly, the base station can interpret the terminal's event reports more accurately and perform efficient beam management and resource control.

[0355] In the case of the comparison method with the optimal beam, since all serving beams fall below a threshold, the base station receiving information about the occurrence of the event can update all serving beams and replace them with beams of good quality, and this method can be utilized as a valid comparison method. In contrast, in the case of the comparison method with the worst beam, since an event is reported when the quality of even one of the multiple TRPs participating in the cooperation is degraded, the base station receiving this can sensitively manage the beams corresponding to the M-TRP, and this method can be utilized as a valid comparison method. Additionally, criteria such as the median beam or average beam can be set by considering the trade-off between the best beam and the worst beam, and thus can be utilized as a valid comparison method.

[0356] In this regard, a case in which an event is triggered by comparing the nth optimal serving beam with a threshold value can be defined. Here, the value of n may be set by the base station or determined by the terminal and reported to the base station. Additionally, the terminal may report information to the base station regarding beams having a quality less than or equal to the threshold value.

[0357] The terminal calculates a first quality metric (e.g., L1-RSRP / L1-SINR, etc.) for each current / DL serving beam, inputs the first quality metric into the various functions proposed above (e.g., optimal / worst / median / average, etc.) to calculate a second quality metric, and can compare the value with a threshold value.

[0358] In relation to the proposal of the present embodiment, an event may be defined by replacing the quality indicator of current / DL serving beams with the quality indicator of active beams. For example, the event may be defined by measuring the quality indicator for each beam set corresponding to 001, 010, 011, and 111 in Table 1 and comparing it with a threshold value, and the terminal may report information to the base station regarding which beam set (or code point) the event occurred. Alternatively, the event may be defined by measuring the quality indicator for the nth optimal beam set among these beam sets and comparing it with a threshold value, and the terminal may report information to the base station regarding the occurrence of the event. The value of n may be instructed to the terminal by the base station.

[0359] Additionally, the quality indicator may be defined as a hypothetical BLER. In this case, it is desirable to define the event as being above a specific threshold rather than below it. Through this, the terminal can report events based on BLER criteria that reflect actual transmission performance, as well as simple quality indicators, and the base station can support more reliable beam management.

[0360] The method may be extended and applied not only to Example 3 but also to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0361] Example 4

[0362] The present embodiment relates to a method in which, when the quality metric of a new DL beam set candidate that can be received simultaneously is greater than or equal to a threshold value than the quality metric of a plurality of current / DL serving beams, the terminal determines this as the occurrence of an event and reports information about this to the base station.

[0363] New DL beam set candidates are pre-configured to the terminal by the base station, and the terminal may report the new DL beam set candidates where an event occurred. In addition, for multiple current / UL serving beams or DL / UL joint beams, the proposal of this embodiment can be extended and applied by replacing the DL beam with a UL beam or a DL / UL joint beam.

[0364] A base station that receives the occurrence of the event can designate a reported new beamset candidate as the new serving beam instead of the serving beams, and as a result, the base station can quickly update high-quality M-TRP beams.

[0365] If there are N serving beams, the number of beams in the new DL beam set candidates can also be determined to be N. Since the purpose of the event is to replace the N serving beams set for cooperative communication of N TRPs with new beams, N new beams are determined to maintain the number of TRPs (e.g., N). Alternatively, the number of new beams can be increased or decreased depending on the base station's situation by restricting the number of new beams to be less than or greater than N. As the number of serving beams changes dynamically through DCI, the number of beams in the new beam set candidates can change dynamically. If the number of serving beams varies to one of {N1, N2, ..., Nk}, the base station needs to pre-set new DL beam set candidates consisting of N1, new DL beam set candidates consisting of N2, ..., new DL beam set candidates consisting of Nk, respectively. In this case, an event can be defined by comparing it with a new DL beam set candidate that matches the current number of serving beams.

[0366] Additionally, when comparing serving beams and new beams, each serving beam and new beam is connected one-to-one, and if all such connected beam pairs satisfy the event condition, the corresponding event may be reported. For example, if N is 4 and serving beams and new beams are mapped one-to-one in order, it may be checked whether each of the 4 beam pairs satisfies the event condition, and if all beam pairs satisfy the event condition, the corresponding event may be reported. To define this one-to-one connection relationship between serving beams and new beams, new beams may be configured into N subsets. For example, a base station may configure new beams for a terminal consisting of a first subset, a second subset, ..., the Nth subset, and the Nth serving beam may be connected to any new beam included in the Nth subset.

[0367] Additionally or alternatively, instead of all beam pairs satisfying the event condition, the event may be reported when a specific number of beam pairs or more satisfy the event condition. Here, the specific number may be set to the terminal by the base station. Alternatively, instead of all beam pairs satisfying the event condition, the event may be reported when one or more beam pairs satisfy the event condition, and the terminal may report information to the base station regarding which beam pairs satisfied the event condition.

[0368] Additionally or alternatively, to simplify terminal implementation, the terminal may compare the best quality beam among the serving beams with the worst quality beam among the new beams; if the quality metric of the simultaneously receivable worst quality beam is greater than the best quality beam by more than a threshold, the terminal may report the event to the base station. For example, if all new beams are of better quality than any serving beam, the terminal may report an event to cause the base station to update the serving beam to the new beam.

[0369] Additionally, the quality indicator may be defined as a hypothetical BLER. In this case, it is desirable to define the event as being above a specific threshold rather than below it. Through this, the terminal can report events based on BLER criteria that reflect actual transmission performance, as well as simple quality indicators, and the base station can support more reliable beam management.

[0370] The method can be extended and applied not only to Example 4 but also to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0371] Example 5

[0372] Compared to Example 4, this embodiment is about defining an event for the nth active beam(s) instead of the serving beam(s) and reporting information about it.

[0373] Here, the nth active beam(s) may refer to the nth highest quality active beam among the active beams. For example, in the example in Table 1, if the quality of the active beams corresponding to 001, 010, 011, and 111 is good in the order of 001, 010, 011, and 111 respectively, then the third best active beams may be the active beams corresponding to 011.

[0374] Compared to the proposed method / operation described in Example 4, other than replacing the serving beam with the nth active beam, the details are identical / similar, so redundant descriptions are omitted in this example.

[0375] Example 6

[0376] This embodiment relates to a method for defining an event based on the maximum permitted exposure (MPE) set for a beam and reporting information regarding it.

[0377] When multiple UL serving beams are indicated, the MPE for each beam can be set individually. This is to control the potential impact on the human body depending on the direction in which each UL beam is directed. For example, when four UL serving beams are indicated, the terminal transmits UL signals in four directions, and sets / manages the MPE for each direction individually to maintain a harmless level for the human body in all four directions.

[0378] In this regard, a method is proposed to define an event for cases where the MPE is exceeded for some or all of the UL serving beams, and for the terminal to report information about the event to the base station when the event occurs.

[0379] At this time, the terminal may also report information regarding which UL beam the MPE exceedance event occurred for. Based on this, the base station can identify that an MPE exceedance event has occurred for a specific UL beam and ensure that all serving beams satisfy MPE requirements by not designating that UL beam as a serving beam. The terminal can expect that the UL beam for which the MPE exceedance event was reported will not be set as a serving beam by the base station. Additionally, the terminal can report the P-MPR (power management maximum power reduction) value of the UL beam along with the MPE exceedance event, so that the base station will set the UL beam to satisfy MPE requirements through appropriate UL power control.

[0380] For example, P-MPR refers to the power backoff applied by a terminal to meet MPE requirements in the FR2 (frequency range 2) band. Specifically, P-MPR can be defined as a value that reduces the terminal's transmit power to control electromagnetic effects on the human body according to Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) conditions. As a specific example, when the distance between the terminal and the human body is short and the terminal is close to the body, the terminal's total transmit power must be reduced, and in this case, the P-MPR value is set high. Conversely, when the distance between the terminal and the human body increases, the terminal's total transmit power may be increased, and in this case, the P-MPR value is set low or small. Additionally, in the FR2 band, there are MPE requirements defined by the terminal measuring its average energy level over a certain period. Therefore, P-MPR and MPE are interconnected to support the terminal in maintaining efficient transmit power while meeting human safety standards.

[0381] Additionally, MPE can be defined not only per beam but also summed across serving beams. Through this, the terminal can report events reflecting not only the quality of individual beams but also the overall quality of the entire set of serving beams. For example, if four UL serving beams are indicated, the terminal transmits UL signals in four directions and sets / manages MPE for the sum of the transmitted power / energy for each direction to ensure that the sum of the transmitted power / energy for the four directions remains at a level harmless to the human body.

[0382] In this regard, we propose a method for defining an event when the combined power / energy of UL serving beams exceeds the MPE, and for the terminal to report information about this to the base station when such an event occurs. Based on this, the base station can identify that an MPE exceedance event has occurred for UL serving beams and ensure that all serving beams meet MPE requirements by not designating the UL beam as a serving beam. The terminal can expect that the UL serving beams that reported the MPE exceedance event will not be set as serving beams by the base station.

[0383] The aforementioned MPE-related events are applied based on serving beams, but can also be extended to active beam sets. For example, MPE-related event conditions can be checked for each of the four active beam sets in Table 1, and among them, the active beam sets satisfying the event conditions can be reported to the base station. Upon receiving the active beam sets, the base station can ensure that MPE requirements are met for all serving beams by not designating those beam sets as serving beams. The terminal can expect that the beam set that reported the MPE exceedance event will not be set as a serving beam by the base station.

[0384] Additionally, with respect to enhanced MPE reporting, if an MPE event occurs, the terminal may report a new beam to replace the current beam, whether an MPE event occurred for the new beam, and the P-MPR value. This operation may be extended to cases where multiple UL serving beams are configured / directed.

[0385] At this time, methods for setting new beam candidates individually for each serving beam / TRP and methods for setting a common beam set for all UL beams / TRPs may be considered. For example, in the former case, when serving beams {1, 2, 3, 4} are indicated, a new beam candidate set i is set for each serving beam i, and when an MPE event occurs for serving beam i, a new beam can be found / selected from the new beam candidate set i and reported along with the P-MPR value for the new beam. In the latter case, the terminal can report new UL beam combinations (e.g., reporting new N beams corresponding to new N TRP / panel combinations), and report whether an MPE event occurred and the P-MPR value for the corresponding N new beams. For example, if serving beams {1, 2, 3, 4} are indicated, the terminal can set a common beam set {5, 6, 7, 8} to report whether an MPE event occurred for the new beams {5, 6, 7, 8} and the P-MPR value.

[0386] FIGS. 16 and 17 illustrate the operation of a first device (e.g., terminal) and a second device (e.g., base station) that perform a beam report initiated by a terminal in connection with M-TRP transmission and reception according to the proposed method of the present disclosure described above.

[0387] FIG. 16 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0388] Referring to FIG. 16, the first device can receive information about a plurality of TCI states from the second device (S1610).

[0389] For example, the plurality of TCI states may correspond to TCI states that are set / instructed / activated to the terminal by the base station (e.g., the current / serving / activated beams described above in this disclosure). Additionally, information regarding the plurality of TCI states may be indicated based on a combination of TCI states connected to a code point of a TCI-related field within the DCI.

[0390] The multiple TCI states may include multiple DL TCI states, multiple UL TCI states, or multiple joint TCI states.

[0391] When an event triggering a beam report related to the multiple TCI states occurs, the first device can transmit information about the occurrence of the event to the second device (S1620).

[0392] For example, information regarding the occurrence of the event may be transmitted through a pre-configured UL resource (e.g., P / SP UL resource, CG UL resource, etc.). If multiple events are defined, the UL resource for transmitting information regarding the occurrence of the event may be configured for each event.

[0393] In this regard, the event may be defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on multiple TCI states. In this case, the applicability of the transmission technique based on multiple TCI states may correspond to i) simultaneous reception, ii) simultaneous transmission, or iii) simultaneous transmission and reception, based on the types of the multiple TCI states.

[0394] For example, if multiple TCI states include DL TCI states, the applicability of a transmission technique based on DL TCI states may correspond to the possibility of simultaneous reception based on said DL TCI states. Additionally, if multiple TCI states include UL TCI states, the applicability of a transmission technique based on UL TCI states may correspond to the possibility of simultaneous transmission based on said UL TCI states. Additionally, if multiple TCI states include joint TCI states, the applicability of a transmission technique based on said joint TCI states may correspond to the possibility of simultaneous transmission and reception based on said joint TCI states.

[0395] According to the present disclosure, after the transmission of information regarding the occurrence of the event, the first device may transmit information regarding new TCI states to which the transmission technique can be applied.

[0396] Additionally, according to the present disclosure, if the transmission technique is not applicable due to at least one of a plurality of TCI states, the first device may transmit information regarding the at least one TCI state or information regarding the number of the at least one TCI state.

[0397] Additionally, according to the present disclosure, the event may be defined as in the specific examples below.

[0398] For example, the event can be defined based on a type or mode of a transmission technique based on multiple TCI states.

[0399] For example, the event may be defined based on a comparison between a quality metric or BLER (block error rate) for the aforementioned multiple TCI states and a threshold value. In this regard, the event is triggered based on the quality metric or BLER for the nth optimal TCI state among the multiple TCI states being less than or equal to the threshold value, and information regarding n may be set by a base station or determined and reported by a terminal.

[0400] For example, an event may be defined based on a comparison between a quality indicator or BLER for new TCI states and the sum of a threshold value and a quality indicator or BLER for the corresponding multiple TCI states. In this regard, when there are N corresponding multiple TCI states, the new TCI states are determined to be N, and a trigger condition for the event may be determined for each TCI state pair (e.g., a beam pair) consisting of TCI states connected one-to-one. In this case, the event occurs based on the fact that the corresponding trigger condition is satisfied for m TCI state pairs among the N TCI state pairs, and information regarding m may be set by the base station. The first device may transmit information regarding the m TCI state pairs satisfying the corresponding trigger condition to the second device.

[0401] For example, for the multiple TCI states, a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) value is set for each TCI state or for a certain number of TCI states, and the event can be defined based on whether the said MPE value is exceeded.

[0402] The method described in the example of FIG. 16 can be performed by the wireless device (100) of FIG. 3. That is, the first device of FIG. 16 can be implemented as the wireless device (100). For example, one or more processors (102) of the wireless device (100) of FIG. 3 can be configured to receive information about a plurality of TCI states and, based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report associated with the plurality of TCI states, transmit information about the occurrence of said event.

[0403] Furthermore, one or more memories (104) of the wireless device (100) may store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 16 or the examples described above when executed by one or more processors (102).

[0404] FIG. 17 is a drawing for explaining the operation of a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0405] Referring to FIG. 17, the second device can transmit information about a plurality of TCI states to the first device (S1710).

[0406] For example, the plurality of TCI states may correspond to TCI states that are set / instructed / activated to the terminal by the base station (e.g., the current / serving / activated beams described above in this disclosure). Additionally, information regarding the plurality of TCI states may be indicated based on a combination of TCI states connected to a code point of a TCI-related field within the DCI.

[0407] The multiple TCI states may include multiple DL TCI states, multiple UL TCI states, or multiple joint TCI states.

[0408] When an event triggering a beam report related to the multiple TCI states occurs, the second device can receive information about the occurrence of the event from the first device (S1720).

[0409] In this regard, the event can be defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on multiple TCI states.

[0410] In FIG. 17, the specific features regarding the transmission / reporting of information on event occurrence, the transmission / reporting of information on new TCI states, the definition / conditions for the event, and the setting / instruction / activation of the TCI state are the same as those described with reference to FIG. 16, so redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0411] The method described in the example of FIG. 17 can be performed by the wireless device (200) of FIG. 3. That is, the second device of FIG. 17 can be implemented as the wireless device (200). For example, one or more processors (202) of the wireless device (200) of FIG. 3 can be configured to transmit information about a plurality of TCI states and receive information about the occurrence of said event based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report associated with the plurality of TCI states.

[0412] Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the wireless device (200) may store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 17 or the examples described above when executed by one or more processors (202).

[0413] The embodiments described above of the present disclosure may be applied independently. Additionally or alternatively, all or part of each operation of the embodiments described above of the present disclosure may be performed in combination.

[0414] Although the method proposed in this disclosure has been described with an example applied to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems, it is possible to apply it to various wireless communication systems in addition to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems.

Claims

1. A step of receiving information on multiple TCI (transmission configuration indicator) statuses; and Based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report associated with the plurality of TCI states, the method includes the step of transmitting information regarding the occurrence of said event, The above event is a method defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on the above multiple TCI states.

2. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the applicability of a transmission technique based on the above-mentioned plurality of TCI states corresponds to, based on the type of the above-mentioned plurality of TCI states, i) whether simultaneous reception is possible, ii) whether simultaneous transmission is possible, or iii) whether simultaneous transmission and reception is possible.

3. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the plurality of TCI states include a plurality of DL (downlink) TCI states, a plurality of UL (uplink) TCI states, or a plurality of joint TCI states.

4. In Paragraph 1, A method in which information regarding the occurrence of the above event is transmitted through a pre-configured UL resource.

5. In Paragraph 4, A method in which, based on the definition of multiple events, a UL resource for transmitting information about the occurrence of an event is configured per event.

6. In Paragraph 1, A method comprising the step of further transmitting information about new TCI states to which the transmission technique can be applied after transmitting information about the occurrence of the above event.

7. In Paragraph 1, A method further comprising the step of transmitting information about the at least one TCI state or information about the number of the at least one TCI state, based on the fact that the above transmission technique is not applicable due to at least one TCI state among the plurality of TCI states.

8. In Paragraph 1, The above event is a method defined based on the type or mode of the transmission technique.

9. In Paragraph 1, A method in which information regarding the above-mentioned plurality of TCI states is indicated based on a combination of TCI states connected to a codepoint of a TCI-related field within DCI (downlink control information).

10. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the above event is defined based on a comparison between a quality metric or BLER (block error rate) and a threshold value for the above multiple TCI states.

11. In Paragraph 10, The above event is triggered based on the quality metric or BLER for the nth optimal TCI state among the plurality of TCI states being less than or equal to the threshold value, and A method in which information regarding the above n is set by a base station or determined and reported by a terminal.

12. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the above event is defined based on a comparison between a quality indicator or BLER for new TCI states and the sum of a quality indicator or BLER for a plurality of TCI states and a threshold value.

13. In Paragraph 12, Based on the fact that the above multiple TCI states are N, the new TCI states are determined to be N, and A method in which a trigger condition for the above event is determined for each pair of TCI states composed of one-to-one connected TCI states.

14. In Paragraph 13, The above event occurs based on the fact that the trigger condition is satisfied for m TCI state pairs out of N TCI state pairs, and Information regarding the above m is set by a base station, a method.

15. In Paragraph 14, A method further comprising the step of transmitting information about the m TCI state pairs satisfying the above trigger condition.

16. In Paragraph 1, For the above multiple TCI states, an MPE (maximum permitted exposure) value is set for each TCI state or for a certain number of TCI states, and A method defined based on whether the above event exceeds the above MPE value.

17. One or more transceivers; and It includes one or more processors connected to the above one or more transmitters and receivers, and The above one or more processors are: Receive information on multiple TCI (transmission configuration indicator) statuses; Based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report related to the aforementioned multiple TCI states, the system is configured to transmit information regarding the occurrence of said event, The above event is a device defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on the above multiple TCI states.

18. A step of transmitting information about multiple TCI (transmission configuration indicator) states; and Based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report associated with the plurality of TCI states, the method includes the step of receiving information regarding the occurrence of said event, The above event is a method defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on the above multiple TCI states.

19. One or more transceivers; and It includes one or more processors connected to the above one or more transmitters and receivers, and The above one or more processors are: Transmit information on multiple TCI (transmission configuration indicator) states; Based on the occurrence of an event that triggers a beam report related to the aforementioned multiple TCI states, the system is configured to receive information regarding the occurrence of said event, The above event is a device defined in relation to the applicability of a transmission technique based on the above multiple TCI states.

20. One or more processors; and A processing device comprising one or more computer memories that are operably connected to one or more processors and store instructions for performing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 16 based on execution by one or more processors.

21. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions that are executed by one or more processors to control the execution of a method according to any one of claims 1 through 16.

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