User equipment (UE) centric dynamic and adaptive logical channel setting selection

Abstract

An apparatus of a user equipment one or more processors coupled to a memory and configured to: receive configuration information, from a network, for a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings; monitor, by the UE, one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations; dynamically select, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions; transmit to the network, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected; and transmit to the network, uplink data in the uplink grant.

Description

Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 USER EQUIPMENT (UE) CENTRIC DYNAMIC AND ADAPTIVE LOGICAL CHANNEL SETTING SELECTION FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the invention relate to wireless communications, including apparatuses, systems, and methods for enabling user equipment (UE) Centric Dynamic and Adaptive Logical Channel Setting Selection, in wireless communication systems. DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART

[0002] Wireless communication systems are rapidly growing in usage. In recent years, wireless devices such as smart phones and tablet computers have become increasingly sophisticated. In addition to supporting telephone calls, many mobile devices now provide access to the internet, email, text messaging, and navigation using the global positioning system (GPS) and are capable of operating sophisticated applications that utilize these functionalities.

[0003] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been the technology of choice for the majority of wireless network operators worldwide, providing mobile broadband data and high-speed Internet access to their subscriber base. LTE was first proposed in 2004 and was first standardized in 2008. Since then, as usage of wireless communication systems has expanded exponentially, demand has risen for wireless network operators to support a higher capacity for a higher density of mobile broadband users. In 2015, a study of a new radio access technology began and, in 2017, a first release of Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR) was standardized.

[0004] 5G-NR, also simply referred to as NR, provides, as compared to LTE, a higher capacity for a higher density of mobile broadband users, while also supporting device-to-device, ultra-reliable, and massive machine type communications with lower latency and / or lower battery consumption. Further, NR may allow for more flexible scheduling as compared to current LTE. Consequently,Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 efforts are being made in ongoing developments of NR to take advantage of higher throughputs possible at higher frequencies.

[0005] 5G-NR provides, as compared to LTE, a higher capacity for a higher density of mobile broadband users, while also supporting device-to-device, ultra- reliable, and massive machine type communications with lower latency and / or lower battery consumption. Further, NR may allow for more flexible UE scheduling as compared to current LTE. Consequently, efforts are being made in ongoing developments of 5G-NR to take advantage of higher throughputs possible at higher frequencies. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments relate to wireless communications, and more particularly to apparatuses, systems, and methods for an apparatus of a user equipment, the apparatus comprising one or more processors, coupled to a memory, configured to: receive configuration information, from a network, for a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings; monitor, by the UE, one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations; dynamically select, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions; transmit, to the network, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected; and transmit to the network, uplink data in the uplink grant.

[0007] In another example, embodiments relate to wireless communications, and more particularly to apparatuses, systems, and methods for an apparatus of a network (e.g., a base station), the apparatus comprising one or more processors, coupled to a memory, configured to: transmit configuration information for to a UE, for a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings to enable the UE to: monitor one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the oneClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations; and dynamically select, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions; receive, from the UE, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected; and receive, from the UE, uplink data transmitted in the uplink grant.

[0008] The techniques described herein may be implemented in and / or used with a number of different types of devices, including but not limited to base stations, access points, cellular phones, tablet computers, wearable computing devices, portable media players, internet of things (IOT) and any of various other computing devices.

[0009] This Summary is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subject matter described in this document. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter described herein will become apparent from the following Detailed Description, Figures, and Claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] A better understanding of the present subject matter can be obtained when the following detailed description of various embodiments is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0011] FIG. 1A illustrates an example wireless communication system according to some embodiments.

[0012] FIG.1B illustrates an example of a base station and an access point in communication with a user equipment (UE) device, according to some embodiments.

[0013] FIG. 2 illustrates an example block diagram of a base station,Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 according to some embodiments.

[0014] FIG.3 illustrates an example block diagram of a server according to some embodiments.

[0015] FIG.4 illustrates an example block diagram of a UE according to some embodiments.

[0016] FIG.5 illustrates an example block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some embodiments.

[0017] FIG.6 illustrates an example of a baseband processor architecture for a UE, according to some embodiments.

[0018] FIG.7 illustrates an example block diagram of an interface of baseband circuitry according to some embodiments.

[0019] FIG.8 illustrates an example of a signaling flow-chart for user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection in accordance with some embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 9 illustrates an example diagram of UE-Network (UE-NW) Interaction for Logical Channels with Different Priorities in accordance with some embodiments.

[0021] FIG.10 illustrates an example graph of adaptive binary setting selection for logical channel management in a user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and adaptive logical channel setting selection system in accordance with some embodiments.

[0022] FIG.11 illustrates a flow chart of a method for dynamic Logical Channel (LCH) management on a per grant basis in a User Equipment (UE) centric adaptive system in accordance with some embodiments.

[0023] FIG.12 illustrates a flow chart of a method for dynamic Logical Channel (LCH) management on a semi-static basis in a User Equipment (UE) centric adaptive system in accordance with some embodiments.

[0024] FIG. 13 illustrates a flow chart of a method for adaptive buffer settingClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 selection using Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML) models in a User Equipment (UE) centric system in accordance with some embodiments.

[0025] FIG. 14 illustrates a flow chart of a method for performing user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection in accordance with some embodiments.

[0026] FIG.15 illustrates a flow chart of a method for assisting a user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection by a network in accordance with some embodiments.

[0027] While the features described herein may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to be limiting to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Terms

[0028] The following is a glossary of terms used in this disclosure:

[0029] Memory Medium or Memory – Any of various types of non-transitory memory devices or storage devices. The term “memory medium” is intended to include an installation medium, e.g., a CD-ROM, floppy disks, or tape device; a computer system memory or random-access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; a non-volatile memory such as a Flash, magnetic media, e.g., a hard drive, or optical storage; registers, or other similar types of memory elements, etc. The memory medium may include other types of non-transitory memory as well or combinations thereof. In addition, the memory medium may be located in a first computer system in which the programs are executed, or may be located in a second different computer system which connectsClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 to the first computer system over a network, such as the Internet. In the latter instance, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer for execution. The term “memory medium” may include two or more memory mediums which may reside in different locations, e.g., in different computer systems that are connected over a network. The memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., embodied as computer programs) that may be executed by one or more processors.

[0030] Carrier Medium – a memory medium as described above, as well as a physical transmission medium, such as a bus, network, and / or other physical transmission medium that conveys signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals.

[0031] Programmable Hardware Element includes various hardware devices comprising multiple programmable function blocks connected via a programmable interconnect. Examples include FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), FPOAs (Field Programmable Object Arrays), and CPLDs (Complex PLDs). The programmable function blocks may range from fine grained (combinatorial logic or look up tables) to coarse grained (arithmetic logic units or processor cores). A programmable hardware element may also be referred to as "reconfigurable logic”.

[0032] Computer System (or Computer) – any of various types of computing or processing systems, including a personal computer system (PC), mainframe computer system, workstation, network appliance, Internet appliance, personal digital assistant (PDA), television system, grid computing system, or other device or combinations of devices. In general, the term "computer system" can be broadly defined to encompass any device (or combination of devices) having at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium.

[0033] User Equipment (UE) (or “UE Device”) – any of various types of computer systems devices which are mobile or portable and which performs wireless communications. Examples of UE devices include mobile telephones or smart phones (e.g., iPhone™, Android™-based phones), portable gaming devicesClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 (e.g., Nintendo DS™, PlayStation Portable™, Gameboy Advance™, iPhone™), laptops, wearable devices (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses), PDAs, portable Internet devices, Internet of Things, music players, data storage devices, other handheld devices, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones), UAV controllers (UACs), and so forth. In general, the term “UE” or “UE device” can be broadly defined to encompass any electronic, computing, and / or telecommunications device (or combination of devices) which is easily transported by a user and capable of wireless communication.

[0034] Base Station – The term “Base Station” has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning, and at least includes a wireless communication station installed at a fixed location and used to communicate with UEs as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system, including but not limited Next Generation Node-Bs (gNB) in NR. A “Base Station” is a network component of a wireless network while a UE is not.

[0035] Processing Element (or Processor) – refers to various elements or combinations of elements that are capable of performing a function in a device, such as a user equipment or a cellular network device. Processing elements may include, for example: processors and associated memory, portions or circuits of individual processor cores, entire processor cores, processor arrays, circuits such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), programmable hardware elements such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), as well any of various combinations of the above.

[0036] Channel - a medium used to convey information from a sender (transmitter) to a receiver. It should be noted that since characteristics of the term “channel” may differ according to different wireless protocols, the term “channel” as used herein may be considered as being used in a manner that is consistent with the standard of the type of device with reference to which the term is used. In some standards, channel widths may be variable (e.g., depending on device capability, band conditions, etc.). For example, LTE may support scalable channel bandwidths from 1.4 MHz to 20MHz. 5G NR can support scalable channel bandwidths from 5 MHz to 100 MHz in Frequency Range 1 (FR1) and up to 400Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 MHz in FR2. In other radio access technologies, WLAN channels may be 22 MHz wide while Bluetooth channels may be 1 MHz wide. Other protocols and standards may include different definitions of channels. Furthermore, some standards may define and use multiple types of channels, e.g., different channels for uplink or downlink and / or different channels for different uses such as data, control information, etc.

[0037] Band - The term "band" has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning, and at least includes a section of spectrum (e.g., radio frequency spectrum) in which channels are used or set aside for the same purpose.

[0038] Automatically – refers to an action or operation performed by a computer system (e.g., software executed by the computer system) or device (e.g., circuitry, programmable hardware elements, ASICs, etc.), without user input directly specifying or performing the action or operation. Thus, the term "automatically" is in contrast to an operation being manually performed or specified by the user, where the user provides input to directly perform the operation. An automatic procedure may be initiated by input provided by the user, but the subsequent actions that are performed “automatically” are not specified by the user, i.e., are not performed “manually”, where the user specifies each action to perform. For example, a user filling out an electronic form by selecting each field and providing input specifying information (e.g., by typing information, selecting check boxes, radio selections, etc.) is filling out the form manually, even though the computer system will update the form in response to the user actions. The form may be automatically filled out by the computer system where the computer system (e.g., software executing on the computer system) analyzes the fields of the form and fills in the form without any user input specifying the answers to the fields. As indicated above, the user may invoke the automatic filling of the form, but is not involved in the actual filling of the form (e.g., the user is not manually specifying answers to fields but rather they are being automatically completed). The present specification provides various examples of operations being automatically performed in response to actions the user has taken.

[0039] Approximately - refers to a value that is almost correct or exact. ForClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 example, approximately may refer to a value that is within 1 to 10 percent of the exact (or desired) value. It should be noted, however, that the actual threshold value (or tolerance) may be application dependent. For example, in some embodiments, “approximately” may mean within 0.1% of some specified or desired value, while in various other embodiments, the threshold may be, for example, 2%, 3%, 5%, and so forth, as desired or as set by the particular application.

[0040] Concurrent – refers to parallel execution or performance, where tasks, processes, or programs are performed in an at least partially overlapping manner. For example, concurrency may be implemented using “strong” or strict parallelism, where tasks are performed (at least partially) in parallel on respective computational elements, or using “weak parallelism”, where the tasks are performed in an interleaved manner, e.g., by time multiplexing of execution threads.

[0041] Various components may be described as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is a broad recitation generally meaning “having structure that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component can be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently performing that task (e.g., a set of electrical conductors may be configured to electrically connect a module to another module, even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, “configured to” may be a broad recitation of structure generally meaning “having circuitry that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component can be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently on. In general, the circuitry that forms the structure corresponding to “configured to” may include hardware circuits.

[0042] Various components may be described as performing a task or tasks, for convenience in the description. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to.” Reciting a component that is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) interpretation for that component.

[0043] The example embodiments may be further understood with reference toClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 the following description and the related appended drawings, wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. The example embodiments relate to apparatuses, systems and method for reducing energy usage by network components, e.g., base stations in wireless communication systems.

[0044] The example embodiments are described with regard to communication between a Next Generation Node B (gNB) and a user equipment (UE). However, reference to a gNB or a UE is merely provided for illustrative purposes. The example embodiments may be utilized with any electronic component that may establish a connection to a network and is configured with the hardware, software, and / or firmware to support for reducing energy usage by network components in wireless communication systems. Therefore, the gNB or UE as described herein is used to represent any appropriate type of electronic component.

[0045] The example embodiments are also described with regard to a fifth generation (5G) New Radio (NR) network that may configure a UE to support for reducing energy usage by network components in wireless communication systems. However, reference to a 5G NR network is merely provided for illustrative purposes. The example embodiments may be utilized with any appropriate type of network.

[0046] Throughout this description various information elements (IEs) are referred to by specific names. It should be understood that these names are only examples and the IEs carrying the information referred to throughout this description may be referred to by other names by various entities. Figures 1A and 1B: Communication Systems

[0047] FIG.1A illustrates a simplified example wireless communication system, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the system of FIG.1A is merely one example of a possible system, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various systems, as desired.

[0048] As shown, the example wireless communication system includes a base station 102A which communicates over a transmission medium with one orClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 more user equipment 106A, 106B, etc., through 106N. Each of the user equipment may be referred to herein as a “user equipment” (UE). Thus, the user equipment 106 are referred to as UEs or UE devices.

[0049] The base station (BS) 102A may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site (a “cellular base station”) and may include hardware that enables wireless communication with the UEs 106A through 106N.

[0050] The communication area (or coverage area) of the base station may be referred to as a “cell.” The base station 102A and the UEs 106 may be configured to communicate over the transmission medium using any of various radio access technologies (RATs), also referred to as wireless communication technologies, or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), 5G new radio (5G NR), HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), etc. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of LTE, also referred to as the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN, it may alternately be referred to as an 'eNodeB' or ‘eNB’. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternately be referred to as ‘gNodeB’ or ‘gNB’.

[0051] As shown, the base station 102A may also be equipped to communicate with a network 100 (e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunication network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN), and / or the Internet, among various possibilities). Thus, the base station 102A may facilitate communication between the user equipment and / or between the user equipment and the network 100. In particular, the base station 102A can be a cellular base station that may provide UEs 106 with various telecommunication capabilities, such as voice, SMS and / or data services.

[0052] Base station 102A and other similar base stations (such as base stations 102B…102N) operating according to the same or a different cellular communication standard may thus be provided as a network of cells, which may provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping service to UEs 106A-N andClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards.

[0053] Thus, while base station 102A may act as a “serving cell” for UEs 106A- N as illustrated in FIG.1A, each UE 106 may also be capable of receiving signals from (and possibly within communication range of) one or more other cells (which might be provided by base stations 102B-N and / or any other base stations), which may be referred to as “neighboring cells”. Such cells may also be capable of facilitating communication between user equipment and / or between user equipment and the network 100. Such cells may include “macro” cells, “micro” cells, “pico” cells, and / or cells which provide any of various other granularities of service area size. For example, base stations 102A-B illustrated in FIG.1A might be macro cells, while base station 102N might be a micro cell. Other configurations are also possible.

[0054] In some embodiments, base station 102A may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In some embodiments, a gNB may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, a gNB cell may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

[0055] Note that a UE 106 may be capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using a wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and / or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, etc.) in addition to at least one cellular communication protocol (e.g., GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), etc.). The UE 106 may also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigational satellite systems (GNSS, e.g., GPS or GLONASS), one or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M / H or DVB-H), and / or any other wireless communication protocol, if desired. Other combinationsClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

[0056] FIG.1B illustrates user equipment 106 (e.g., one of the UE 106A through 106N) in communication with a base station 102 and an access point 112, according to some embodiments. The UE 106 may be a device with both cellular communication capability and non-cellular communication capability (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and so forth) such as a mobile phone, a hand-held device, a computer or a tablet, or virtually any type of wireless device.

[0057] The UE 106 may include a processor that is configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. The UE 106 may perform any of the method embodiments described herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively, or in addition, the UE 106 may include a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) that is configured to perform any of the method embodiments described herein, or any portion of any of the method embodiments described herein.

[0058] The UE 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using, for example, CDMA2000 (1xRTT / 1xEV-DO / HRPD / eHRPD), LTE / LTE-Advanced, or 5G NR using a single shared radio and / or GSM, LTE, LTE-Advanced, or 5G NR using the single shared radio. The shared radio may couple to a single antenna, or may couple to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communications. In general, a radio may include any combination of a baseband processor, analog RF signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation as well as other digital processing). Similarly, the radio may implement one or more receive and transmit chains using the aforementioned hardware. For example, the UE 106 may share one or more parts of a receive and / or transmit chain between multiple wireless communication technologies, such as those discussed above.

[0059] In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include separate transmit and / orClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol with which it is configured to communicate. As a further possibility, the UE 106 may include one or more radios which are shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radios which are used exclusively by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, the UE 106 might include a shared radio for communicating using either of LTE or 5G NR (or LTE or 1xRTTor LTE or GSM), and separate radios for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible. FIG.2: Block Diagram of a Base Station (gNB)

[0060] FIG. 2 illustrates an example block diagram of a base station 102, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the base station of FIG.2 is merely one example of a possible base station. As shown, the base station 102 may include processor(s) 204 which may execute program instructions for the base station 102. The processor(s) 204 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 240, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 204 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 260 and read only memory (ROM) 250) or to other circuits or devices.

[0061] The base station 102 may include at least one network port 270. The network port 270 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UEs 106, access to the telephone network as described above in Figures 1 and 2.

[0062] The network port 270 (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility related services and / or other services to a plurality of devices, such as UEs 106. In some cases, the network port 270 may couple to a telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., among other UEs serviced by the cellular service provider).Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0063] In some embodiments, base station 102 may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In such embodiments, base station 102 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

[0064] The base station 102 may include at least one antenna 234, and possibly multiple antennas. The at least one antenna 234 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UEs 106 via radio 230. The antenna 234 communicates with the radio 230 via communication chain 232. Communication chain 232 may be a receive chain, a transmit chain or both. The radio 230 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including, but not limited to, 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, etc.

[0065] The base station 102 may be configured to communicate wirelessly using multiple wireless communication standards. In some instances, the base station 102 may include multiple radios, which may enable the base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, the base station 102 may include an LTE radio for performing communication according to LTE as well as a 5G NR radio for performing communication according to 5G NR. In such a case, the base station 102 may be capable of operating as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station. As another possibility, the base station 102 may include a multi-mode radio which is capable of performing communications according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, etc.).

[0066] As described further subsequently herein, the base station 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting implementation of features described herein. The processor 204 of the base station 102 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part orClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 all of the methods described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, the processor 204 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 204 of the base station 102, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 230, 232, 234, 240, 250, 260, 270 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein.

[0067] In addition, as described herein, processor(s) 204 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in processor(s) 204. Thus, processor(s) 204 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 204. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 204.

[0068] Further, as described herein, radio 230 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in radio 230. Thus, radio 230 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of radio 230. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of radio 230.

[0069] In some embodiments, the base station 102 (e.g. gNB), and / or processors 204 thereof, can be capable of and configured to determine, for a user equipment, a paging configuration that reduces energy usage by network components, e.g., base station 102, in wireless communication systems. FIG.3: Block Diagram of a Server

[0070] FIG. 3 illustrates an example block diagram of a server 104, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the server of FIG.3 is merely oneClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 example of a possible server. As shown, the server 104 may include processor(s) 344 which may execute program instructions for the server 104. The processor(s) 344 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 374, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 344 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 364 and read only memory (ROM) 354) or to other circuits or devices.

[0071] The server 104 may be configured to provide a plurality of devices, such as base station 102, and UEs 106 access to network functions, e.g., as further described herein.

[0072] In some embodiments, the server 104 may be part of a radio access network, such as a 5G New Radio (5G NR) radio access network. In some embodiments, the server 104 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to a NR core (NRC) network.

[0073] As described herein, the server 104 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting implementation of features described herein. The processor 344 of the server 104 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the methods described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, the processor 344 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 344 of the server 104, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 354, 364, and / or 374 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein.

[0074] In addition, as described herein, processor(s) 344 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in processor(s) 344. Thus, processor(s) 344 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 344. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., firstClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 344. FIG.4: Block Diagram of a User Equipment (UE)

[0075] FIG. 4 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a communication device such as a UE 106, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the communication device of FIG.4 is only one example of a possible communication device. According to embodiments, UE 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a UAV controller (UAC) and / or a combination of devices, among other devices. As shown, the UE 106 may include a set of components configured to perform core functions. For example, this set of components may be implemented as a system on chip (SOC) 400, which may include portions for various purposes. Alternatively, this set of components may be implemented as separate components or groups of components for the various purposes. The set of components may be coupled (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to various other circuits of the UE 106.

[0076] For example, the UE 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash 410), an input / output interface such as connector I / F 420 (e.g., for connecting to a computer system; dock; charging station; input devices, such as a microphone, camera, keyboard; output devices, such as speakers; etc.), the display 460, which may be integrated with or external to the UE 106, and cellular communication circuitry 430 such as for 5G NR, LTE, GSM, etc., and short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429 (e.g., Bluetooth™ and WLAN circuitry). In some embodiments, UE 106 may include wired communication circuitry (not shown), such as a network interface card, e.g., for Ethernet.

[0077] The cellular communication circuitry 430 may couple (e.g.,Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 435 and 436 as shown. The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429 may also couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 437 and 438 as shown. Alternatively, the short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas 435 and 436 in addition to, or instead of, coupling (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas 437 and 438. The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429 and / or cellular communication circuitry 430 may include multiple receive chains and / or multiple transmit chains for receiving and / or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) configuration.

[0078] In some embodiments, as further described below, cellular communication circuitry 430 may include dedicated receive chains (including and / or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly. dedicated processors and / or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). In addition, in some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 430 may include a single transmit chain that may be switched between radios dedicated to specific RATs. For example, a first radio may be dedicated to a first RAT, e.g., LTE, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with an additional radio, e.g., a second radio that may be dedicated to a second RAT, e.g., 5G NR, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and the shared transmit chain.

[0079] The UE 106 may also include and / or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements. The user interface elements may include any of various elements, such as display 460 (which may be a touchscreen display), a keyboard (which may be a discrete keyboard or may be implemented as part of a touchscreen display), a mouse, a microphone and / or speakers, one or more cameras, one or more buttons, and / or any of various other elements capable of providing information to a user and / or receiving or interpreting user input.

[0080] The UE 106 may further include one or more smart cards that include SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) functionality, such as one or more UICC(s)Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 (Universal Integrated Circuit Card(s)) 445. Note that the term “SIM” or “SIM entity” is intended to include any of various types of SIM implementations or SIM functionality, such as the one or more UICC(s) cards 445, one or more eUICCs, one or more eSIMs, either removable or embedded, etc. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include at least two SIMs. Each SIM may execute one or more SIM applications and / or otherwise implement SIM functionality. Thus, each SIM may be a single smart card that may be embedded, e.g., may be soldered onto a circuit board in the UE 106, or each UICC 445 (UICC) may be implemented as a removable smart card. Thus, the SIM(s) may be one or more removable smart cards (such as UICC cards, which are sometimes referred to as “SIM cards”), and / or the UICCs 445 may be one or more embedded cards (such as embedded UICCs (eUICCs), which are sometimes referred to as “eSIMs” or “eSIM cards”). In some embodiments (such as when the SIM(s) include an eUICC), one or more of the SIM(s) may implement embedded SIM (eSIM) functionality; in such an embodiment, a single one of the SIM(s) may execute multiple SIM applications. Each of the SIMs may include components such as a processor and / or a memory; instructions for performing SIM / eSIM functionality may be stored in the memory and executed by the processor. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include a combination of removable smart cards and fixed / non-removable smart cards (such as one or more eUICC cards that implement eSIM functionality), as desired. For example, the UE 106 may comprise two embedded SIMs, two removable SIMs, or a combination of one embedded SIMs and one removable SIMs. Various other SIM configurations are also contemplated.

[0081] As noted above, in some embodiments, the UE 106 may include two or more SIMs. The inclusion of two or more SIMs in the UE 106 may allow the UE 106 to support two different telephone numbers and may allow the UE 106 to communicate on corresponding two or more respective networks. For example, a first SIM may support a first RAT such as LTE, and a second SIM support a second RAT such as 5G NR. Other implementations and RATs are of course possible. In some embodiments, when the UE 106 comprises two SIMs, the UE 106 may support Dual SIM Dual Active (DSDA) functionality. The DSDA functionality mayClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 allow the UE 106 to be simultaneously connected to two networks (and use two different RATs) at the same time, or to simultaneously maintain two connections supported by two different SIMs using the same or different RATs on the same or different networks. The DSDA functionality may also allow the UE 106 to simultaneously receive voice calls or data traffic on either phone number. In certain embodiments the voice call may be a packet switched communication. In other words, the voice call may be received using voice over LTE (VoLTE) technology and / or voice over NR (VoNR) technology. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may support Dual SIM Dual Standby (DSDS) functionality. The DSDS functionality may allow either of the two SIMs in the UE 106 to be on standby waiting for a voice call and / or data connection. In DSDS, when a call / data is established on one SIM, the other SIM is no longer active. In some embodiments, DSDx functionality (either DSDA or DSDS functionality) may be implemented with a single SIM (e.g., a eUICC) that executes multiple SIM applications for different carriers and / or RATs.

[0082] As shown, the SOC 400 may include processor(s) 402, which may execute program instructions for the UE 106 and display circuitry 404, which may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to the display 460. The processor(s) 402 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 440, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s) 402 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 406, read only memory (ROM) 450, NAND flash memory 410) and / or to other circuits or devices, such as the display circuitry 404, short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429, cellular communication circuitry 430, connector I / F 420, and / or display 460. The MMU 440 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or set up. In some embodiments, the MMU 440 may be included as a portion of the processor(s) 402.

[0083] As described herein, the UE 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features for a UE 106 to communicate a scheduling profile for power savings to a network. The processor 402 of the UE 106 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 402 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 402 of the UE 106, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 400, 404, 406, 410, 420, 429, 430, 440, 445, 450, 460 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

[0084] In addition, as described herein, processor 402 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor 402 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor 402. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s) 402.

[0085] Further, as described herein, cellular communication circuitry 430 and short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429 may each include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in cellular communication circuitry 430 and, similarly, one or more processing elements may be included in short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429. Thus, cellular communication circuitry 430 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry 430. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry 430. Similarly, the short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429 may include one or more ICs that are configured to perform the functions of short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of short to medium range wireless communication circuitry 429.

[0086] In some embodiments, the UE 106 and / or the processors 402 thereof can be configured to and / or capable of identifying, at the UE 106, paging configurations that reduce energy consumption at the UE 106 and the base station 102.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 FIG.5: Block Diagram of Cellular Communication Circuitry

[0087] FIG. 5 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the cellular communication circuitry of FIG.5 is only one example of a possible cellular communication circuit. According to embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 530, which may be cellular communication circuitry 430, may be included in a communication device, such as UE 106 described above. As noted above, UE 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet and / or a combination of devices, among other devices.

[0088] The cellular communication circuitry 530 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 435a-b and 436 as shown (in FIG. 4). In some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry 530 may include dedicated receive chains (including and / or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly. dedicated processors and / or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). For example, as shown in FIG. 5, cellular communication circuitry 530 may include a modem 510 and a modem 520. Modem 510 may be configured for communications according to a first RAT, e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A, and modem 520 may be configured for communications according to a second RAT, e.g., such as 5G NR.

[0089] As shown, modem 510 may include one or more processors 512 and a memory 516 in communication with processors 512. Modem 510 may be in communication with a radio frequency (RF) front end 535. RF front end 535 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 535 may include receive circuitry (RX) 532 and transmit circuitry (TX) 534. In some embodiments, receive circuitry 532 may be in communication with downlink (DL) front end 550, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals viaClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 antenna 335a.

[0090] Similarly, modem 520 may include one or more processors 522 and a memory 526 in communication with processors 522. Modem 520 may be in communication with an RF front end 540. RF front end 540 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 540 may include receive circuitry 542 and transmit circuitry 544. In some embodiments, receive circuitry 542 may be in communication with DL front end 560, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335b.

[0091] In some embodiments, a switch 570 may couple transmit circuitry 534 to uplink (UL) front end 572. In addition, switch 570 may couple transmit circuitry 544 to UL front end 572. UL front end 572 may include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna 336. Thus, when cellular communication circuitry 530 receives instructions to transmit according to the first RAT (e.g., as supported via modem 510), switch 570 may be switched to a first state that allows modem 510 to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 534 and UL front end 572). Similarly, when cellular communication circuitry 530 receives instructions to transmit according to the second RAT (e.g., as supported via modem 520), switch 570 may be switched to a second state that allows modem 520 to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 544 and UL front end 572).

[0092] As described herein, the modem 510 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features or for time division multiplexing UL data for NSA NR operations, as well as the various other techniques described herein. The processors 512 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 512 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 512, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 530, 532, 534, 535, 550, 570, 572, 335a, 335b, and 336 may beClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

[0093] In addition, as described herein, processors 512 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors 512 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 512. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processors 512.

[0094] The processors 522 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor 522 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 522, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 540, 542, 544, 550, 570, 572, 335a, 335b, and 336 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.

[0095] In addition, as described herein, processors 522 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors 522 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 522. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processors 522. FIG.6: Block Diagram of a Baseband Processor Architecture for a UE

[0096] FIG. 6 illustrates example components of a device 600 in accordance with some embodiments. It is noted that the device of FIG.6 is merely one example of a possible system, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various UEs, as desired.

[0097] In some embodiments, the device 600 may include application circuitry 602, baseband circuitry 604, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 606, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 608, one or more antennas 610, and power management circuitry (PMC) 612 coupled together at least as shown. The components of the illustratedClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 device 600 may be included in a UE 106 or a RAN node, such as a BS 102. In some embodiments, the device 600 may include less elements (e.g., a RAN node may not utilize application circuitry 602, and instead include a processor / controller to process IP data received from an EPC). In some embodiments, the device 600 may include additional elements such as, for example, memory / storage, display, camera, sensor, or input / output (I / O) interface. In other embodiments, the components described below may be included in more than one device (e.g., said circuitries may be separately included in more than one device for Cloud-RAN (C- RAN) implementations).

[0098] The application circuitry 602 may include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry 602 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processors may be coupled with or may include memory / storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory / storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on the device 600. In some embodiments, processors of application circuitry 602 may process IP data packets received from an EPC.

[0099] The baseband circuitry 604 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 604 may include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 606 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 606. Baseband processing circuity 604 may interface with the application circuitry 602 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 606. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may include a third generation (3G) baseband processor 604A, a fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 604B, a fifth generation (5G) baseband processor 604C, or other baseband processor(s) 604D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g.,Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 second generation (2G), sixth generation (6G), etc.). The baseband circuitry 604 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 604A-D) may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 606. In other embodiments, some or all of the functionality of baseband processors 604A-D may be included in modules stored in the memory 604G and executed via a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 604E. The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation / demodulation, encoding / decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, modulation / demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 604 may include Fast- Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, or constellation mapping / demapping functionality. In some embodiments, encoding / decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 604 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder / decoder functionality. Embodiments of modulation / demodulation and encoder / decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functionality in other embodiments.

[0100] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 604F. The audio DSP(s) 604F may be include elements for compression / decompression and echo cancellation and may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments. Components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 604 and the application circuitry 602 may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

[0101] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 604 may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN). Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 604 is configured to support radio communications of more than oneClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 wireless protocol may be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.

[0102] RF circuitry 606 may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 606 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 606 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 608 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 604. RF circuitry 606 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 604 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 608 for transmission.

[0103] In some embodiments, the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 606 may include mixer circuitry 606a, amplifier circuitry 606b and filter circuitry 606c. In some embodiments, the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 606 may include filter circuitry 606c and mixer circuitry 606a. RF circuitry 606 may also include synthesizer circuitry 606d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 608 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 606d. The amplifier circuitry 606b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 606c may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry 604 for further processing. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a necessity. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0104] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on theClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 606d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 608. The baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry 604 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 606c.

[0105] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a may be arranged for direct downconversion and direct upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 606a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 606a of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation.

[0106] In some embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the RF circuitry 606 may include analog- to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 604 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 606.

[0107] In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0108] In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 606d may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 606d may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising aClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.

[0109] The synthesizer circuitry 606d may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 606a of the RF circuitry 606 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 606d may be a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer.

[0110] In some embodiments, frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a necessity. Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 604 or the applications processor 602 depending on the desired output frequency. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 602.

[0111] Synthesizer circuitry 606d of the RF circuitry 606 may include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some embodiments, the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DPA). In some embodiments, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+1 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example embodiments, the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.

[0112] In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 606d may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some embodiments, the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fLO). In someClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 embodiments, the RF circuitry 606 may include an IQ / polar converter.

[0113] FEM circuitry 608 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 610, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 606 for further processing. FEM circuitry 608 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 606 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 610. In various embodiments, the amplification through the transmit or receive signal paths may be done solely in the RF circuitry 606, solely in the FEM 608, or in both the RF circuitry 606 and the FEM 608.

[0114] In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 608 may include a TX / RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include an LNA to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 606). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 608 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 606), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 610).

[0115] In some embodiments, the PMC 612 may manage power provided to the baseband circuitry 604. In particular, the PMC 612 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion. The PMC 612 may often be included when the device 600 is capable of being powered by a battery, for example, when the device is included in a UE. The PMC 612 may increase the power conversion efficiency while providing desirable implementation size and heat dissipation characteristics.

[0116] While FIG. 6 shows the PMC 612 coupled only with the baseband circuitry 604, in other embodiments the PMC 612 may be additionally or alternatively coupled with, and perform similar power management operations for,Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 other components such as, but not limited to, application circuitry 602, RF circuitry 606, or FEM 608.

[0117] In some embodiments, the PMC 612 may control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of the device 600. For example, if the device 600 is in a radio resource control_Connected (RRC_Connected) state, where it is still connected to the RAN node as it expects to receive traffic shortly, then it may enter a state known as Discontinuous Reception Mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, the device 600 may power down for brief intervals of time and thus save power.

[0118] If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, then the device 600 may transition off to an RRC_Idle state, where it disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, etc. The device 600 goes into a very low power state and it performs paging where, again, it periodically wakes up to listen to the network and then powers down at least portions of the device again. The device 600 may not receive data in this state. In order to receive data, it will transition back to an RRC_Connected state.

[0119] An additional power saving mode may allow a device to be unavailable to the network for periods longer than a paging interval (ranging from seconds to a few hours). During this time, the device is totally unreachable to the network and may power down completely. Any data sent during this time incurs a large delay and it is assumed the delay is acceptable.

[0120] Processors of the application circuitry 602 and processors of the baseband circuitry 604 may be used to execute elements of one or more instances of a protocol stack. Accordingly, the baseband circuitry 604 can be used to encode a message for transmission between a UE and a gNB, or decode a message received between a UE and a gNB. These examples are not intended to be limiting. The baseband circuitry can be used as previously described. FIG.7: Block Diagram of an Interface of Baseband CircuitryClient Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0121] FIG.7 illustrates example interfaces of baseband circuitry in accordance with some embodiments. It is noted that the baseband circuitry of FIG.7 is merely one example of a possible circuitry, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various systems, as desired.

[0122] As discussed above, the baseband circuitry 604 of FIG.6 may comprise processors 604A-604E and a memory 604G utilized by said processors. Each of the processors 604A-604E may include a memory interface, 704A-704E, respectively, to send / receive data to / from the memory 604G.

[0123] The baseband circuitry 604 may further include one or more interfaces to communicatively couple to other circuitries / devices, such as a memory interface 712 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from memory external to the baseband circuitry 604), an application circuitry interface 714 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from the application circuitry 602 of FIG.6), an RF circuitry interface 716 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from RF circuitry 606 of FIG. 6), a wireless hardware connectivity interface 718 (e.g., an interface to send / receive data to / from Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communication components), and a power management interface 720 (e.g., an interface to send / receive power or control signals to / from the PMC 612.

[0124] Moreover, in wireless communication systems, radio link monitoring is a crucial process that involves consistently measuring reference signals to detect when the radio link quality drops below expected thresholds. When the radio link quality deteriorates significantly, there is a high probability of radio link failure (RLF) occurring, which disrupts communication between devices until the link can be re- established.

[0125] Moreover, in 5G networks, logical channel (LCH) configuration faces significant limitations. The current system uses a single, fixed set of parameters for each logical channel, including weight (prioritization), Prioritized Bit Rate (PBR), and Bucket Size Duration (BSD). These parameters are configured by the network through Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration, resulting in a semi-staticClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 setup that does not account for dynamic device-side information such as radio measurements, buffer status, or data arrival profiles and their predictions.

[0126] This static configuration leads to several issues. The network may be unaware of packet arrival profiles and waiting times at the device buffer, only receiving information about total buffer size through Buffer Status Reports (BSR). In scenarios with infrequent or small uplink (UL) grants, packets may exceed their delay constraints, potentially degrading Quality of Service (QoS) due to late uplink transmissions. Furthermore, the current Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) procedure at the User Equipment (UE) is limited to fulfilling only one QoS criterion at a time, either the Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) or the Data Volume (DV) rate requirement, but not both simultaneously.

[0127] To address these challenges, the mechanisms of the illustrated embodiments provide a UE-centric dynamic and adaptive logical channel parameter selection mechanism. This approach allows the UE to select logical channel parameters for each UL grant based on current conditions and predictions. The UE can transmit a small amount of data under UL grant limitations if it expects to satisfy packet delay constraints in the current and upcoming UL grants. Conversely, it can transmit a larger amount of data if it anticipates that delay constraints cannot be met. This adaptive system can be implemented in two ways: the UE can either assume the same LCH setting by default and use an AI / ML model to decide on LCP procedures for each grant based on grant characteristics, or it can change the LCH setting semi-statically. By dynamically adjusting to network conditions and packet arrival patterns, the mechanisms of the illustrated embodiments aim to improve overall system performance and maintain quality of service (QoS) across various scenarios. FIG.8: Signaling Flow Chart

[0128] FIG.8 illustrates an example of a signaling flow-chart for user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection in accordance with some embodiments.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0129] FIG.8 depicts a signaling flow between a user equipment (UE) and a serving cell. The signaling shown in FIG.8 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, and / or devices. In various embodiments, some of the signaling shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional signaling may also be performed as desired. As shown, this signaling may flow as follows as one example embodiment.

[0130] At 810, the signaling may begin with a base station 102 in the serving cell sending logical channel (LCH) setting options to the UE 106 via Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration. The LCH setting options include at least two LCH settings, such as LCH setting 1 and LCH setting 2.

[0131] At 820 and 822, upon receiving the LCH settings, the UE performs predictive LCH setting selection under dynamic packet arrival profiles at the buffer. This selection can be done on a per uplink (UL) grant basis or semi-statically. The UE 106 utilizes LCH buffer profiling to inform its decision-making process.

[0132] It should be noted that the UE 106 may utilize LCH profiling and adaptive LCH setting selection under dynamic packet arrival profiles at the buffer. This adaptive selection can be implemented in two ways: per UL grant selection or semi- static selection. This allows for flexibility in LCH settings, where each LCH setting comprises a set of LCH-related parameters. These LCH parameters include LCH Bit Rate (PBR), Bucket Size Duration (BSD), delay thresholds, and limits on data transmission, among others. This comprehensive approach allows for fine-tuned control over logical channel behavior.

[0133] In operation, the UE performs LCH buffer profiling to understand the current state and dynamics of the logical channels. Based on this profiling and the dynamic packet arrival profile at the buffer, the UE can adaptively select appropriate LCH settings. This selection can be made on a per-UL grant basis, allowing for rapid adaptation to changing conditions, or semi-statically, which provides a balance between responsiveness and stability. By allowing the UE to dynamically adjust these settings based on real-time conditions, the system can more effectively manage resources and maintain Quality of Service across varyingClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 network scenarios.

[0134] Optionally, the serving cell 102 may inform the UE 106 of predictive or configured future UL grants, which can be used as input for the UE's predictive selection process.

[0135] At 830, the UE may inform the serving cell 102 of the predictive LCH setting selection. That is, the predictive LCH setting selection information is sent back to the serving cell 102 by the UE 106, allowing the serving cell 102 to be aware of the UE's 102 chosen settings.

[0136] At 840, as data transmission occurs from the UE 106 to the serving cell 102, the serving cell evaluates 1) the LCH settings and 2) the accuracy of an artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models for predictive selection of the LCH setting by monitoring LCH reports and data traffic. Based on this evaluation, the serving cell 102 may send adaptive / configured future UL grants, at 850, and send an LCH setting reconfigure request to the UE 106, at block 860, potentially updating the available LCH settings or adjusting the selection parameters.

[0137] This flow-chart demonstrates the dynamic and interactive nature of the proposed UE-centric LCH setting selection process, allowing for adaptability based on current conditions and predictive modeling. FIG.9: UE-NW Interaction

[0138] FIG. 9 illustrates an example diagram of User Equipment (UE) and Network (NW) interaction for logical channels with different priorities in a UE centric dynamic and adaptive logical channel setting selection system in accordance with some embodiments.

[0139] When a lower priority buffer exists alongside the logical channel buffer of interest, several situations can arise. If the device is configured with only bitRate2 via Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration and the Uplink (UL) grant size is small and infrequent, the first logical channel will wait until the second logical channel buffer is served up to its prioritized bit rate. This scenario may leadClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 to delay constraint violations of blue packets, depending on the packet arrival profile in the second logical channel, due to insufficient resources for the first logical channel to transmit blue packets. However, if the device is configured with two buffer settings via RRC reconfiguration, it can dynamically select bitRate1 when packets are expected to violate delay constraints, without waiting for the second logical channel. In this case, the second Logical Channel (LCH) may experience starvation due to the first LCH setting selection. To mitigate this, the device should proactively send adaptive LCH setting selections to the Network (NW), enabling the NW to prevent delay violations and starvation of other logical channels by granting the appropriate amount of UL resources or updating LCH setting options.

[0140] In scenarios where a higher priority buffer exists alongside the logical channel buffer of interest, similar considerations apply. If the device is only configured with bitRate2 via RRC reconfiguration and the UL grant size is small and infrequent, the second logical channel must wait until the first logical channel buffer is exhausted. This may result in delay constraint violations of blue packets in the second logical channel due to insufficient resources. When configured with two buffer settings, the device can dynamically select bitRate1 if packets are expected to violate delay constraints. In this case, the second logical channel can transmit all blue and red packets in the current UL grant, while black packets in the first logical channel can be postponed to the next UL grant. To ensure fairness and efficiency, the device may proactively send adapted LCH setting selections to the NW, allowing it to prevent delay violations and starvation of other logical channels by granting appropriate UL resources or updating LCH setting options. The LCH setting selection can also impose a limitation on the maximum buffer size from a particular LCH in the current UL grant, either as an unlimited amount or a specific value x.

[0141] Thus, FIG.9 depicts two cases, each showing a logical channel buffer of interest and its interaction with another logical channel of different priority. In both cases, two LCH settings (LCH Setting 1 and LCH Setting 2) are available for the logical channel of interest.

[0142] Case 1 depicts a scenario where there is a lower priority buffer than theClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 logical channel buffer of interest. The logical channel of interest is labeled as Priority 1, while the lower priority channel is labeled as Priority 2.

[0143] Case 2 illustrates the opposite scenario, where there is a higher priority buffer than the logical channel buffer of interest. Here, the logical channel buffer of interest is labeled as Priority 2, while the higher priority channel buffer is labeled as Priority 1.

[0144] In both cases, the FIG. 9 demonstrates how the UE can dynamically select between Setting 1 and Setting 2 for the logical channel of interest based on the current conditions and the interaction with the other priority channel. This adaptive selection allows the UE to manage potential delay constraint violations and resource allocation more effectively.

[0145] FIG.9 illustrates the importance of considering multiple logical channels with different priorities when implementing the dynamic and adaptive logical channel setting selection. It illustrates how the UE's selection of settings can impact both the channel of interest and other channels in the system, highlighting the need for a balanced approach that prevents starvation of lower priority channels while meeting the requirements of higher priority channels. FIG.10: Adaptive Binary Setting Selection for Logical Channel Management

[0146] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of adaptive binary setting selection for logical channel management in a user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and adaptive logical channel setting selection system in accordance with some embodiments.

[0147] FIG. 10 illustrates a graph showing the cumulative packet arrival at a buffer over time. Two different bit rates are illustrated: Bit rate 1 and Bit rate 2 (default). Bit rate 1 may be calculated as the maximum sum of packet sizes within a time interval ^^^^, divided by ^^^^, as depicted in equation 1:

[0148] This represents the worst-case data rate in time interval ^^^^, which couldClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 lead to starvation of other logical channels. Bit rate 2 is calculated as the sum of all packet sizes divided by the total time ^^^^, representing the average data rate as illustrated in equation 2:

[0149] However, FIG.10 illustrates that this average data rate doesn't consider packet delay constraints and can lead to more delay violations due to late transmissions in some cases. This highlights the limitation of using only an average rate for resource allocation.

[0150] The graph shows multiple packet arrivals ^^^^^^^^, ^^^^^^^^+1, ^^^^^^^^+2, ^^^^^^^^+3, ^^^^^^^^+4over time ^^^^. The mechanisms of the illustrated embodiments thus involve an adaptivebinary setting selection, represented by the function ^^^^(. ). This function dynamicallychooses between Bit rate 1 and Bit rate 2 based on the current conditions and predictions. The figure also illustrates the concept of Bucket Size Duration (BSD) limitation.

[0151] An important note is included in the figure, pointing to the Bit rate 1 line. It states that bitRate1 may still violate delay constraints if there is not enough UL grant. To address this issue, the UE needs to send adapted LCH settings to the network (NW). This allows the NW to act accordingly in three ways: by granting more resources, by updating LCH settings with higher values, or by proactively preventing starvation of other LCHs. This adaptive approach aims to balance the needs of the current logical channel with the overall system performance, ensuring efficient use of resources and maintaining quality of service across all logical channels.

[0152] FIG. 10 also illustrates the concept of Bucket Size Duration (BSD) limitation, which is a constraint in the current logical channel prioritization procedure. It should be noted that Fig.10 illustrates that Bit rate 1 may still violate delay constraints if there is not enough uplink (UL) grant. To address this, the UE needs to send adapted Logical Channel (LCH) settings to the network (NW) so thatClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 the NW can act accordingly by either granting more resources, updating LCH settings with higher values, or proactively preventing starvation of other LCHs.

[0153] Thus, FIG. 10 demonstrates how the proposed dynamic and adaptive logical channel setting selection can adapt to varying traffic patterns, potentially improving overall system performance by balancing between worst-case and average-case scenarios.

[0154] It should be noted that in certain scenarios, two different LCH settings can prove beneficial, such as having two Prioritized Bit Rate (PBR) selections per LCH. Additional parameters may include Bucket Size Duration (BSD), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) table, head of line packet delay threshold, Quality of Service (QoS) parameter, delay threshold, buffer size, and limit on data transmission amount. The Network (NW) configures the UE with LCH parameters, potentially through Radio Resource Control (RRC) configuration, which can be common to one or multiple logical channels. A UE is configured with at least one uplink radio bearer (RB) associated with one Radio Link Control (RLC) entity, which corresponds to an LCH. Each LCH is configured with one or two LCH settings, with one potentially designated as the "default" setting. These settings may include legacy parameters such as PBR, BSD, associated Layer 2 (L2) configuration, head of line packet delay threshold, delay threshold, and buffer size.

[0155] The LCH is further configured with three key parameters: one that allows the UE to switch the LCH setting and specifies conditions for setting selection, including when to make predictions; another that requires reporting adaptive setting selections to the NW; and a third to wait for NW signaling to update or select LCH settings, or to receive information about future uplink (UL) grants.

[0156] The UE may dynamically select an LCH setting for each uplink grant by monitoring conditions such as uplink grant size and times, packet inter-arrival times and sizes, and delay constraint violations. In one embodiment, the NW may inform the device of future adapted UL grants for Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML) based buffer setting predictions. Additionally, the UE may monitor a head of line packet delay at an LCH buffer, average data rate of the buffer, packet arrivalClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 times and sizes at the buffer, and Layer 1 (L1) and L2 measurements including radio conditions such as, for example, CQI, Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), Resource Elements (REs), power, Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) duration, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) requests, and Acknowledgement / Negative-Acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) statistics for parameter selections.

[0157] These measurements and telemetries are utilized for UE-centric dynamic and adaptive setting selection, potentially employing one or more AI / ML models for LCH setting selection. The dynamic switching can be implemented through a simple AI / ML model, such as a binary decision, or a rule-based function that considers the aforementioned measurements.

[0158] Additionally, when LCH setting switching is based on an associated AI / ML model, the UE may perform AI / ML inference to select the LCH setting under certain conditions. By default, the UE assumes the setting for an LCH remains the same. However, upon receiving a grant, the UE incorporates grant characteristics such as number of Resource Elements (REs), Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), power, and Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) duration into the AI / ML model. This model then determines the LCH setting for Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) procedures for the particular grant, implementing a "one-shot" change in LCH setting. In one example, grant characteristics comprise one or more of the uplink grant size, the uplink grant time, the packet inter-arrival time, the packet inter-arrival size, the delay constraint violations, a number of resource elements (REs), a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), power, or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) duration.

[0159] The conditions for AI / ML inference may include only on configured grant, only on dynamic grant, only on a specific set of configured grant configurations (where a parameter in the Configured Grant (CG) configuration enables such UE behavior), or only on specific dynamic grant (where a new field in the Downlink Control Information (DCI) enables such behavior). These conditions can be applied in any subset combination.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0160] The UE may change the setting for an LCH semi-statically. After changing the LCH setting for a particular grant, the UE may: keep the new setting for a while (controlled by a timer) before reverting to the default, maintain the new setting until it needs to be changed again, keep the new setting until the Network (NW) requests a return to the default, or immediately revert to the default setting

[0161] The LCH can also be configured with an inference periodicity, indicating how often the UE should re-select the LCH setting using AI / ML and / or rule-based solutions. The UE shall send a signal, such as a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE), to the NW to indicate updated information about the adaptive LCH setting. Conversely, the NW may send dynamic signaling (e.g., MAC-CE) to make decisions like selecting an LCH setting or updating parameters. The NW shall also send signals to inform about future Uplink (UL) grants or other input features helpful for prediction.

[0162] The behavior of AI / ML-based LCH setting selection can be dynamically activated or deactivated by the NW. When the NW sends a signal to deactivate this behavior, the UE may either revert to the default LCH settings or continue with the LCH setting in use before receiving the deactivation command. Additionally, the UE may autonomously deactivate this behavior if the AI / ML model's performance falls below expectations. FIG.11: Dynamic LCH Management (Per Grant)

[0163] FIG. 11 illustrates a flow chart of a method 1100 for dynamic Logical Channel (LCH) management on a per-grant basis in a User Equipment (UE) centric adaptive system.in accordance with some embodiments. That is, FIG.11 depicts the process of LCH setting selection for each uplink (UL) grant. The method 1100 shown in FIG.11 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices illustrated in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0164] The method 1100 may start at block 1110 with the network (NW) sending LCH setting options via Radio Resource Control (RRC) configuration. At block 1120, the UE receives the configuration for the LCH with Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML)-based LCH setting selection enabled (1120).

[0165] At every UL grant, as in block 1130, the UE performs AI / ML model or rule-based inference for adaptive setting selection. Prior to and / or in association with block 1140, two parallel processes may be used to assist with the AI / ML model or rule-based inference for adaptive setting selection. At block 1142, the UE may perform LCH profiling, which analyzes the current state of the logical channel, and in block 1144, the network may send adapted and / or configured future UL grants, providing additional context for the decision-making process. Thus, based on the information received at blocks 1142 and 1144, the UE may perform the AI / ML modeling and / or rule-based inference for adaptive setting selection.

[0166] The method 1100 concludes with the adaptive setting selection, at block 1140, where the UE selects between one or more LCH settings such as, for example, LCH setting 1 (1150) and LCH setting 2 (1152). The selected setting is then used for UL data transmission.

[0167] At block 1154, the UE may inform the network of the adapted LCH setting selection allowing the network to stay updated on the UE's chosen configuration. This dynamic, per-grant approach allows the UE to adapt its LCH settings in real- time, potentially optimizing performance based on current network conditions and UL grant characteristics. FIG.12: Dynamic LCH Management (Semi-Static)

[0168] FIG. 12 illustrates a flow chart of a method 1200 for dynamic Logical Channel (LCH) management on a semi-static basis in a User Equipment (UE) centric adaptive system in accordance with some embodiments. That is, FIG.12 depicts the process of LCH setting selection for each uplink (UL) grant. The method 1200 shown in FIG.12 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems,Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 methods, or devices illustrated in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired.

[0169] The method 1200 may start at block 1210 with the network (NW) sending LCH setting options via Radio Resource Control (RRC) configuration. At block 1220, the UE receives conditions configuration for the LCH with Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML) model based LCH setting selection being enabled.

[0170] At block 1230, the method 1200 determines whether the conditions are met for LCH setting selection. If the conditions are not met (no), the method 1200 loops back to block 1230 and continue checking. If the conditions are met (yes), the method 1200 proceeds to block 1240.

[0171] At block 1240, the UE performs AI / ML model-based inference to select an LCH setting for the LCH. Prior to and / or in association with block 1240, two parallel processes may be used to assist with the AI / ML model-based inference to select an LCH setting for the LCH. At block 1242, the UE may perform LCH profiling, which analyzes the current state of the logical channel, and in block 1244, the network may send adapted and / or configured future UL grants, providing additional context for the decision-making process. Thus, based on the information received at blocks 1242 and 1244, the UE may perform the AI / ML model-based inference to select an LCH setting for the LCH.

[0172] Following the AI / ML model-based inference, the UE selects between one or more LCH settings such as, for example, LCH setting 1 (1250) and LCH setting 2 (1252). The selected setting is then used for UL data transmission.

[0173] At block 1254, the UE sends the adapted LCH setting to the network, allowing the network to stay updated on the UE's chosen configuration.

[0174] This semi-static approach allows the UE to adapt its LCH settings based on specific conditions, potentially optimizing performance while reducing the frequency of changes compared to the per-grant approach illustrated in FIG.11.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0175] It should be noted that the Logical Channel Management Architecture framework, as described herein, provides a detailed mathematical model for managing packet transmission in a logical channel First-In-First-Out (FIFO) buffer (e.g., a LCH channel). This framework aims to optimize the selection of Logical Channel (LCH) settings to minimize packet delays and maximize throughput.

[0176] The model considers a logical channel FIFO buffer with N packets, each having a fixed packet delay budget of ^^^^ seconds. The waiting time for each packetin the buffer is denoted as ^^^^1(^^^^) ≥ ^^^^2(^^^^) ≥ ...≥ ^^^^^^^^(^^^^) while the waiting time forUplink (UL) grant transmission is ^^^^1(^^^^) ≤ ^^^^2((^^^^) ≤ ...≤ ^^^^^^^^((^^^^). The total waitingtime for a packet in the buffer is calculated as ^^^^^^^^ = ^^^^^^^^(^^^^) + ^^^^^^^^(^^^^).

[0177] Packet sizes are represented by ^^^^^^^^ for packet ^^^^, where 1 ≤ ^^^^ ≤ ^^^^. Itshould be noted that ^^^^^^^^may not necessarily follow a monotonically increasing or decreasing behavior.

[0178] The UL grant size is denoted by u(^^^^^^^^) at grant time ^^^^^^^^after serving higher priority logical channels, where i is the grant index. The device is allowed to dynamically select between two settings: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 or ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2, where ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2. This means that when ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 is selected, the device sends more data compared to when ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2 is selected.

[0179] The primary goal of this framework is to minimize the number of packets waiting in the queue for more than D seconds. This is mathematically expressed as minimizing in equation 3:,

[0180] by adaptively selecting between bitRate1 and bitRate2 at every UL grant ^^^^(^^^^^^^^). The expected waiting time in the buffer is calculated as in equation 4, ^^^^^^^^^^ = ^^^^^^^^(^^^^^^^^)) + ê_^^^^^^^^^^^^^^(^^^^) (4),Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0181] if packet ^^^^ is to be transmitted in grants following the current scheduled grant. If packet ^^^^ is scheduled for transmission in the upcoming grant, then ^^^^^^^^=

[0182] The UE selects one of two actions at every UL transmission based onthe prediction of ^^^^^^^^^^ where all packets that are adapted to have ^^^^^^^^^^ > ^^^^ should betransmitted in the current scheduling grant in the order they were received at the LCH buffer. The ideal size of packets to be scheduled at UL grant time ^^^^^^^^based on equation 5:

[0183] where ^^^^(^^^^_^^^^) = ^^^^^^^^^^^^{∑(1 ≤ ^^^^ ≤ ^^^^:^^^^ = ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_^^^^{^^^^_^^^^^^ > ^^^^}) ^^^^_^^^^,^^^^(^^^^_^^^^)},where ^^^^(^^^^^^^^) is limited by ^^^^(^^^^^^^^).

[0184] The setting selection follows these rules: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ = ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 if^^^^(^^^^^^^^) / (^^^^^^^^ − is greater than ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2, otherwise ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ = ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2.

[0185] Finally, the amount of data packets transmitted at UL grant ^^^^(^^^^^^^^) is equalto ^^^^^^^^^^^^{^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ∗ (^^^^^^^^ − ^^^^^^^^−1),^^^^(^^^^^^^^) }.

[0186] This framework provides a comprehensive approach to dynamically managing LCH settings based on current buffer conditions and UL grant characteristics, aiming to optimize packet transmission and minimize delays. FIG.13: Flow Chart with AI / ML for Adaptive Buffer Setting Selection

[0187] FIG.13 illustrates a flow chart of a method 1300 adaptive buffer setting selection using Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML) in a User Equipment (UE) centric system. The method 1300 shown in FIG.13 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices illustrated in the Figures. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired in accordance with some embodiments.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0188] The method 1300 begins at every Uplink (UL) grant ^^^^^^^^, as in block 1310. At block 1320, a first decision is executed and determines if a sum of packet sizes

[0189] If the condition in block 1320 is true (YES) 1330, the method 1300 selects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2 (133) for the transmission. If false (NO), the method 1300 proceeds to block 1340.

[0190] At block 1340, the method 1300 determines if any packet ^^^^ satisfies thecondition

[0191] This condition evaluates whether the predicted waiting time for any packet exceeds the delay budget ^^^^, given that the required bit rate falls between ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2 and ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1.

[0192] If the condition in block 1340 is false (NO), the method 1300 selects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2 (which may use the AI / ML model). If true (YES), the method 1300 selects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1.

[0193] In one embodiment, the network may inform adaptive future UL grants in which case features can be replaced by the adapted future UL grants or configured grants, as shown in the AI / ML algorithm 1350. In one example, the AI / ML model (e.g., AI / ML algorithm) takes into account several historical parameters.

[0194] Based on these inputs into the AI / ML model, the AI / ML model decides between ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 and ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^2 for the adaptive buffer setting selection, completing the decision-making process for the current UL grant.

[0195] The AI / ML algorithm (1350) takes into account several historical parameters: 1) Historical UL grant sizes2) Historical UL grant inter-arrival times {^^^^ −3) packet sizes {^^^^ }^^^^1 , 4) packet inter-arrival{^^^^ −and historical delay

[0196] It should be note that ^^^^1 and ^^^^2 are window sizes to consider recent history.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0197] Based on these inputs, the AI / ML algorithm decides between bitRate1 and bitRate2 for the adaptive buffer setting selection. This algorithm allows for dynamic adaptation of the LCH settings based on current conditions and historical data, potentially optimizing the use of network resources and improving overall performance FIG.14: Flow Chart of UE-Centric Dynamic LCH Parameter Selection

[0198] FIG. 14 illustrates a flow chart of a method 1400 for performing user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection in accordance with some embodiments. The method 1400 shown in FIG.14 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices illustrated in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired.

[0199] In some embodiments, the method 1400 may comprise decoding configuration information, received from a network, for a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings (e.g., LCH parameters), as in block 1410.

[0200] In some embodiments, the method 1400 may further comprise monitoring, by the UE, one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations, as in block 1420.

[0201] In some embodiments, the method 1400 may comprise dynamically selecting, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions, as in lock 1430.

[0202] In some embodiments, the method 1400 may comprise encoding, for transmission to the network, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, as in block 1440.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1

[0203] In some embodiments, the method 1400 may comprise encoding, for transmission to the network, uplink data in the uplink, as in block 1450.

[0204] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises encoding, for transmission to the network, a UE capability report indicating support for one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.

[0205] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises decoding configuration information from the network, wherein the configuration information comprises one or more parameter for training the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH parameter.

[0206] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises collecting, by the UE, data for training the one or more AI / ML models; and encoding, for transmission to the network, a notification message indicating availability of the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.

[0207] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises decoding, from the network, an activation instruction; and activating the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting based on the activation instruction. In some embodiments, dynamically selecting the LCH setting further comprises performing predictive selection of the LCH setting based on a dynamic packet arrival profile at an LCH buffer.

[0208] In some embodiments, the predictive selection of the LCH setting is performed on a per uplink grant basis. In some embodiments, the predictive selection of the LCH setting is performed on a semi-static basis.

[0209] In some embodiments, the configuration information further comprises: a first parameter that enables the UE to select between the one or more LCH parameters and specifies conditions selecting an LCH parameter, including prediction timing; a second parameter that requires the UE to report predictive LCH parameter selections to the network; and a third parameter to listen.

[0210] In some embodiments, the plurality of LCH settings comprise Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) parameters, where the LCP parameters comprise oneClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 or more of a LCH prioritized bit rate (PBR), a bucket size duration (BSD), delay thresholds, and data transmission limits.

[0211] In some embodiments, the plurality of LCH settings comprise a first setting with a first prioritized bit rate (PBR) and a second setting with a second PBR, wherein the first PBR is higher than the second PBR.

[0212] In other embodiments, the plurality of LCH settings comprise one or more of a bucket size duration (BSD), a channel quality indicator (CQI) table, a head of line packet delay threshold, a quality of service (QoS) parameter, a delay threshold, a buffer size, or a limit on amount of data transmission.

[0213] In some embodiments, the LCH is associated with at least one uplink radio bearer (RB) and one Radio Link Control (RLC) entity.

[0214] In some embodiments, one of the plurality of LCH settings is designated as a default setting.

[0215] In some embodiments, the one or more conditions further include one or more of a head of line packet delay at an LCH buffer, an average data rate of the LCH buffer, packet arrival times and sizes at the LCH buffer, or Layer 1 (L1) and Layer 2 (L2) measurements, wherein the L1 and the L2 measurements include radio conditions, channel quality indicator (CQI), modulation and coding scheme (MCS), resource elements (REs), power, physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) duration, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) requests, and acknowledgement / negative-acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) statistics.

[0216] In some embodiments, dynamically selecting the LCH setting further comprises using one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models. In some embodiments, dynamically selecting the LCH setting using the AI / ML model further comprises: selecting the LCH setting based on one or more alternative conditions, wherein the one or more alternative conditions include at least one or more of: assuming a current LCH setting remains the same: assuming a current LCH setting remains the same; decoding, from the network, an uplink grant, whereupon the UE considers grant characteristics in the AI / ML model to select the LCH setting for Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) procedures for theClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 uplink grant; decoding a configured grant; decoding a dynamic grant; decoding information about a specific set of the configured grant; or decoding a specific field in downlink control information (DCI) indicating a specific dynamic grant.

[0217] In some embodiments, the grant characteristics include at least one of a number of resource elements (REs), a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), power, or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) duration.

[0218] In some embodiments, dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed on a per uplink grant basis.

[0219] In some embodiments, dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed on a semi-static basis.

[0220] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises decoding, received from the network, a dynamic signal to activate or deactivate one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models based LCH setting selection.

[0221] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises autonomously deactivating one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models based on selecting the LCH setting when the one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models is below a performance threshold.

[0222] In some embodiments, the LCH is configured with an inference periodicity that indicates when the UE should re-select the LCH setting.

[0223] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises predicting a total waiting time for each packet in an LCH buffer, wherein the total waiting time comprises a sum of waiting time in the buffer and waiting time for uplink transmission. In some embodiments, dynamically selecting the LCH setting further comprises choosing a higher bit rate setting when the predicted total waiting time for any packet exceeds a predetermined delay budget.

[0224] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed using an artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) model that uses as input data one or more of historical uplink grantClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 sizes, historical uplink grant inter-arrival times, packet sizes, packet inter-arrival times, and historical delay violations.

[0225] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises comprising dynamically selecting the LCH settings for multiple logical channels with different priorities, where 1) for a lower priority logical channel relative to a logical channel of interest: selecting a higher bit rate setting when data packets in the logical channel of interest are predicted to violate delay constraints; and 2) for a higher priority logical channel relative to the logical channel of interest: selecting a higher bit rate setting for the logical channel of interest to prevent delay constraint violations when the higher priority logical channel is being served.

[0226] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises, for a lower priority logical channel, selecting a higher bit rate setting to prevent delay constraint violation when a higher priority logical channel is being served.

[0227] In some embodiments, the method 1400 further comprises, for a higher priority logical channel, selecting a lower bit rate setting to allow transmission of data packets from a lower priority logical channel that are predicted to violate delay constraints.

[0228] An apparatus, having one or more processors, coupled to a memory, configured to cause a user equipment FIG.15 illustrates a flow chart of a method for assisting a user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection by a network in accordance with some embodiments. FIG. 15: Flow Chart of Network assisted UE-Centric Dynamic LCH Parameter Selection

[0229] FIG.15 illustrates a flow chart of a method 1500 for a network to assist and / or configure user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection in accordance with some embodiments. The method 1500 shown in FIG. 15 may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices illustrated in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performedClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired.

[0230] In some embodiments, the method 1500 comprises encoding, configuration information, for transmission to a UE, a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings to enable the UE to: monitor one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations; and dynamically selecting, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions, as shown in block 1510.

[0231] In some embodiments, the method 1500 may further comprise decoding, from the UE, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, as shown in block 1520; and decoding, from the UE, uplink data transmitted in the uplink grant. In some embodiments, the base station is configured to support enhanced UEs, as shown in block 1530.

[0232] Embodiments of the present disclosure may be realized in any of various forms. For example, some embodiments may be realized as a computer- implemented method, a computer readable memory medium, or a computer system. Other embodiments may be realized using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Still other embodiments may be realized using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

[0233] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium may be configured so that it stores program instructions and / or data, where the program instructions, if executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method, e.g., any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets.

[0234] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a UE 106) may be configured toClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium, where the memory medium stores program instructions, where the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, where the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method embodiments described herein (or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets). The device may be realized in any of various forms.

[0235] Any of the methods described herein for operating a user equipment (UE) may be the basis of a corresponding method for operating a base station, by interpreting each message / signal X received by the UE in the downlink as message / signal X transmitted by the base station, and each message / signal Y transmitted in the uplink by the UE as a message / signal Y received by the base station.

[0236] Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.

Claims

Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A method of performing user equipment (UE) centric dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection by a UE, the method comprising: receiving configuration information from a network, for a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings; monitoring, by the UE, one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations; dynamically selecting, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions; transmitting to the network, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected; and transmitting to the network, uplink data in the uplink grant.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting to the network, a UE capability report indicating support for one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising receiving configuration information from the network, wherein the configuration information comprise one or more parameters for training the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: collecting, by the UE, data for training the one or more AI / ML models; and transmitting to the network, a notification message indicating availability of the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.

5. The method of claim 3, further comprising: receiving, from the network, an activation instruction; and activating the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting based on the activation instruction.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting further comprises performing predictive selection of the LCH setting based on a dynamic packet arrival profile at an LCH buffer.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the predictive selection of the LCH setting is performed on a per uplink grant basis.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the predictive selection of the LCH setting is performed on a semi-static basis.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of LCH settings comprise Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) parameters, wherein the LCP parameters comprise one or more of a LCH, priority, prioritized bit rate (PBR), a bucket size duration (BSD), delay thresholds, and data transmission limits.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of LCH settings comprise one or more of a first setting with a first priority, a prioritized bit rate (PBR) and a second setting with a second priority, a PBR, wherein the first priority or PBR is higher than the secondClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 PBR.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of LCH settings comprise one or more of a bucket size duration (BSD), a channel quality indicator (CQI) table, a head of line packet delay threshold, a quality of service (QoS) parameter, a delay threshold, a buffer size, or a limit on amount of data transmission.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting comprises using one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting using the AI / ML model further comprises: selecting the LCH setting based on one or more alternative conditions, wherein the one or more alternative conditions include at least one or more of: assuming a current LCH setting remains unchanged: assuming a current LCH setting remains unchanged; receiving, from the network, an uplink grant, whereupon the UE considers grant characteristics in the AI / ML model to select the LCH setting for Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) procedures for the uplink grant; receiving a configured grant; receiving a dynamic grant; receiving information about a specific set of the configured grant; or receiving a specific field in downlink control information (DCI) indicating a specific dynamic grant.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more grant characteristics, wherein the one orClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 more grant characteristics comprise one or more of the uplink grant size, the uplink grant time, the packet inter-arrival time, the packet inter-arrival size, the delay constraint violations, a number of resource elements (REs), a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), power, or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) duration.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed on a per uplink grant basis.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed on a semi-static basis.

17. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving from the network, a dynamic signal to activate or deactivate one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models based LCH setting selection.

18. The method of claim 1, further comprising predicting a total waiting time for each packet in an LCH buffer, wherein the total waiting time comprises a sum of waiting time in the buffer and waiting time for uplink transmission.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting comprises choosing a higher bit rate setting when a predicted total waiting time for any packet exceeds a predetermined delay budget.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed using an artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) model that uses as input data one or more of historical uplink grant sizes, historical uplink grant inter-arrival times, packet sizes, packet inter-arrival times, and historical delay violations.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising dynamically selecting the LCH settings for multiple logical channels with different priorities, wherein: for a lower priority logical channel relative to a logical channel of interest: selecting a higher bit rate setting when data packets in the logical channel of interest are predicted to violate delay constraints; and for a higher priority logical channel relative to the logical channel of interest: selecting a higher bit rate setting for the logical channel of interest to prevent delay constraint violations when the higher priority logical channel is being served.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising, for a lower priority logical channel, selecting a higher bit rate setting to prevent delay constraint violation when a higher priority logical channel is being served.

23. The method of claim 21, further comprising, for a higher priority logical channel, selecting a lower bit rate setting to allow transmission of data packets from a lower priority logical channel that are predicted to violate delay constraints.

24. An apparatus, having one or more processors, coupled to a memory, configured to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform any of the methods of claims 1 to 23.

25. A method of configuring a user equipment (UE) for dynamic and predictive logical channel setting selection by a network, having one or more processors coupled to a memory, comprising:Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 transmitting configuration information to a UE, a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings to enable the UE to: monitor one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations; and dynamically selecting, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions; receiving, from the UE, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected; and receiving, from the UE, uplink data transmitted in the uplink grant.

26. The method of claim 25, further comprising receiving, from the UE, a UE capability report indicating support for one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising transmitting configuration information for transmission to the UE, wherein the configuration information comprise one or more parameter for training the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.

28. The method of claim 26, further comprising receiving, from the UE, a notification message indicating availability of the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting.Client Ref. No. P67237WO1 29. The method of claim 26, further comprising: transmitting to the UE, an activation instruction to enable the UE to activate the one or more AI / ML models for predictive selection of the LCH setting based on the activation instruction.

30. The method of claim 26, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting further comprises performing predictive selection of the LCH setting based on a dynamic packet arrival profile at an LCH buffer.

31. The method of claim 26, wherein the predictive selection of the LCH setting is performed on a per uplink grant basis.

32. The method of claim 26, wherein the predictive selection of the LCH setting is performed on a semi-static basis.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the configuration information further comprises: a first parameter that enables the UE to select between one or more LCH parameters and specifies conditions selecting an LCH parameter, including prediction timing; a second parameter that requires the UE to report predictive LCH parameter selections to the network; and a third parameter to listen.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the plurality of LCH settings further comprise Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) parameters, wherein the LCP parameters comprise one or more of a LCH prioritized bit rate (PBR), a bucket size duration (BSD), delay thresholds, and data transmission limits.

35. The method of claim 33, wherein the plurality of LCH settings comprise a first setting with a first prioritized bit rate (PBR) and aClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 second setting with a second PBR, wherein the first PBR is higher than the second PBR, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting comprises using one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting using the AI / ML model further comprises: selecting the LCH setting based on one or more alternative conditions, wherein the one or more alternative conditions include at least one or more of: assuming a current LCH setting remains unchanged: assuming a current LCH setting remains unchanged; receiving, from the network, an uplink grant, whereupon the UE considers grant characteristics in the AI / ML model to select the LCH setting for Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) procedures for the uplink grant; receiving a configured grant; receiving a dynamic grant; receiving information about a specific set of the configured grant; or receiving a specific field in downlink control information (DCI) indicating a specific dynamic grant.

37. The method of claim 33, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed on a per uplink grant basis, wherein dynamically selecting the LCH setting is performed on a semi-static basis.

38. The method of claim 33, further comprising receiving a dynamic signal from the network to activate or deactivate one or more artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models based LCHClient Ref. No. P67237WO1 setting selection, wherein the LCH is configured with an inference periodicity that indicates when the UE should re-select the LCH setting.

39. A baseband processor configured to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform one or more of the method claims 25 to 41.

40. An apparatus of a user equipment (UE) comprising: one or more processors, coupled to a memory, configured to: decode configuration information, received from a network, for a logical channel (LCH) having a plurality of LCH settings; and monitor, by the UE, one or more conditions relating to uplink transmissions, wherein the one or more conditions comprise one or more of an uplink grant size, an uplink grant time, a packet inter-arrival time, and a packet inter-arrival size, or delay constraint violations; dynamically select, by the UE, an LCH setting of the plurality of LCH settings based on the one or more conditions for the uplink transmissions; encode, for transmission to the network, the LCH setting that was dynamically selected, wherein the network provides an uplink grant base on the LCH setting that was dynamically selected; and encode, for transmission to the network, uplink data in the uplink grant.

41. A computer program product, comprising computer instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, perform any of the operations described herein.

Images